WO2015024886A1 - Centrale thermique à vapeur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une centrale thermique à vapeur - Google Patents

Centrale thermique à vapeur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une centrale thermique à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015024886A1
WO2015024886A1 PCT/EP2014/067531 EP2014067531W WO2015024886A1 WO 2015024886 A1 WO2015024886 A1 WO 2015024886A1 EP 2014067531 W EP2014067531 W EP 2014067531W WO 2015024886 A1 WO2015024886 A1 WO 2015024886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
turbine
steam
expansion
power plant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/067531
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Carsten Graeber
Georg Haberberger
Michael Wechsung
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2015024886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015024886A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
    • F01K7/025—Consecutive expansion in a turbine or a positive displacement engine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam power plant, comprising at least a first turbine part with a first turbine outlet conduit and a second turbine part, each of which can be traversed by steam and whereby the steam flowing through in a first and second, comprising several stages expansion area of the turbine sections, wherein in the expansion area and / or in the first turbine outlet line of the first part turbine, a line is provided for a steam extraction. Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for operating such a steam power plant.
  • a first object of the invention is therefore to provide a steam power plant, in which large amounts of steam can be coupled, which avoids the above problems. Another object is the specification of a method for operating such a steam power plant.
  • the first object is achieved with the specification of a steam power plant, which comprises at least a first turbine part with a first turbine outlet line and a second turbine part, each of which can be traversed by steam and wherein the steam flowing in a first and second expansion stages comprising several stages of the partial turbines expands ,
  • a line to a Dampfentnähme is provided in the expansion area and / or in the first turbine outlet line of the first turbine part.
  • the line opens at least on the one hand into an expansion line to which a consumer is connected.
  • the line leads to the other in a bypass line, which is at least fluidically connected to the second expansion region of the second turbine part, so that the steam of the bypass line in the expansion region of the second turbine part is inflowed, wherein the respectively supplied amount of steam is adjustable.
  • the line preferably flows fluidly into a bypass line which opens into an overflow line, wherein the overflow line is fluidically connected at least to the second partial turbine.
  • the overflow line is also fluidly connected to the first turbine part.
  • at least the line, the bypass line and the expansion line at least one control valve for regulating the amount of steam flowing through.
  • the first turbine part is a medium-pressure turbine section
  • the second turbine part is a low-pressure turbine section
  • the medium-pressure turbine section has a first stage comprising a plurality of stages and a second stage comprising several stages.
  • the first flood has a first flood outlet line and the second flood a second flood outlet line.
  • the overflow line is fluidically connected to the second flood outlet line, and the first flood outlet line is connected to the line.
  • the line terminates on the one hand in an expansion line, wherein in the expansion line a consumer is provided with an end user, and wherein the line to another opens into a bypass line, which is at least fluidically connected to the second expansion region of the low-pressure turbine section, so that the steam of the bypass line can be flowed into the expansion region of the low-pressure turbine section.
  • the second flood outlet line is preferably connected to the overflow line.
  • a preheating line branches off from the bypass line.
  • the extracted steam can also be used for preheating, in particular for preheating the condensate water.
  • the second expansion area of the second sub-turbine preferably has a bleed line, wherein the bypass line opens into this bleed line.
  • the consumer comprises at least one expansion turbine, which is connected via a process steam line to an end user.
  • the expansion turbine is also preferably connected to a generator.
  • the extracted steam is expanded to a desired level for the consumer while performing work. This can be accomplished, for example, by using a generator.
  • the second object is achieved by specifying a method for operating such a steam power plant, comprising at least a first turbine part with a first turbine outlet line and a second turbine part, each of which can be traversed by steam and whereby the steam flowing through in a first and second, expansion stage of the sub-turbines comprising several stages expands, wherein in the expansion area and / or in the first turbine outlet line of the first sub-turbine a line is provided to a Dampfentnähme which at least one consumer to be supplied with steam via an expansion line, in which the line opens at least can, and via a bypass line, in which the line opens to the other, at least the second expansion region of the second turbine part can be supplied with steam, wherein the respectively supplied amount of steam is adjustable.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a first example of a steam power plant with a number of sub-turbines
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a second example of a steam power plant with a number of sub-turbines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a steam power plant according to the prior art with a number of sub-turbines, which are designed for different pressures.
  • the sub-turbines are assigned one behind the other to a common shaft 5.
  • water is heated in a steam boiler 7 and steam is generated via a live steam superheater 9.
  • the superheated steam is introduced as working steam via a piping in a high-pressure turbine section 13, where the steam is released.
  • a portion of the steam is passed via a first reheat line 14 into a reheater 15 where it is reheated and then passed into a double-flow medium-pressure turbine section 17.
  • the steam expands again to a predetermined, now lower pressure level.
  • the steam expanded in the medium-pressure turbine section 17 to the lower pressure level is conducted via a connected overflow line 21 into a likewise double-flow low-pressure turbine section 25.
  • a generator 29 is driven to generate electricity.
  • the low pressure partial turbine 25 leaving, relaxed and cooled steam flows into a condenser 31, where he by heat transfer to the environment condenses and collects as liquid water.
  • the water is temporarily stored in a feedwater tank 37 and then fed via a feedwater pump 39 and a preheater 35 again to the steam boiler 7.
  • the high-pressure turbine part 13 is connected to the expansion stage in the turbine outlet line 99, and in terms of flow before the reheater 15, a bleed line 41 according to the prior art.
  • a bleed line 41 according to the prior art, the system for the expansion of the high-pressure turbine section 13 of the required steam for a consumer 49 is removed (removal after the cold expansion).
  • the bleed line 41 according to the prior art opens into an expansion device 43 according to the prior art, which is thus connected to the high-pressure turbine section 13.
  • the prior art expansion device 43 may be configured as a separate expansion turbine 44 to which a second generator 45 is connected.
  • the extracted steam is ideally expanded to a desired level for the consumer 49 (pressure, temperature) while performing work for the entire system.
  • the relaxed process steam is passed on via a process steam line 47 directly to a consumer 49. This is designed for example as a fuel treatment or as a flue gas treatment.
  • the separate expansion turbine 44 is used in counter-pressure operation.
  • the expansion end corresponds as possible in this case directly to the required process steam pressure, so that the expansion turbine 44 provides the required pressure and temperature level for the connected load 49 in an ideal manner.
  • a line 101 is provided downstream of the expansion stage in the turbine outlet line 199 of the high-pressure turbine 13, which opens into an expansion line 102 to which a consumer 170 is connected.
  • the consumer 170 includes an expansion turbine 144, which may also be connected to a generator 160.
  • the expansion device is connected via a process steam line 147 to an end user 149.
  • the line 101 leads to another in a bypass line 103, which opens into an expansion region of the low-pressure turbine section 25. Steam can now be led on the one hand to the consumer 170, on the other hand and in particular in the case of incidents, to the expansion area of the second low-pressure turbine part 25.
  • the supplied amount of steam can be adjusted by control valves 100, so that a secure operation can be accomplished.
  • the line 101 also opens into a bypass line 105, which is connected to the overflow line 21, which leads from the medium-pressure turbine section 17 in the low-pressure turbine section 25.
  • a preheating line 150 branches off from the bypass line 103, which is here connected to one of the preheaters 35, for preheating the
  • the preheating line 150 is preferably connected to the preheater 35 after the condensate pump 33 (solid line). Alternatively / additionally, the preheating line 150 may also be connected to the preheater 35 in front of the boiler 7 (dashed line).
  • the preheating line 105 may also be / alternatively connected to the feedwater tank 37 or other components of the steam power plant. Both the conduit 101, the bypass 105, the
  • Bypass line 103 as well as the expansion line 102 and the preheating line 150 have at least one control valve 100, for regulating the amount of steam flowing through.
  • the excess steam of the line 101 via the bypass line 103 of the low pressure turbine part 25 can be supplied.
  • the excess steam can be flowed into the overflow line 21 in front of the low-pressure part-turbine 25 via a bypass line 105 according to the invention.
  • the excess steam can be used via a preheating 150 according to the invention for preheating the Kondesatwassers.
  • FIG. 3 shows another example of a steam power plant according to the invention.
  • the steam power plant is also designed here as a steam power plant with a number of sub-turbines.
  • the working steam is conducted via a first reheat line 14 and via the first reheater 15 into the first single-flow medium-pressure turbine section 20 and expanded there.
  • the second reheatening line 73 the expanded steam after the first medium-pressure sub-turbine 20 is passed through a second reheater 75. leads and led from there into a second medium-pressure turbine section 44.
  • the expansion turbine 44 assigned to the common shaft 5 is configured according to FIG. 3 as an asymmetric medium-pressure turbine section 44, which has a first expansion section, namely the first flow 77 and a second expansion section, namely the second flow 78.
  • the second flood 78 is designed as a medium pressure turbine. After the expansion, the steam flows via a overflow line 210 into a double-flow low-pressure turbine section 25.
  • the second flood 78 is connected on the input side to the second intermediate superheat line 73.
  • the first medium-pressure turbine part 20 is connected by a cold expansion line 74 15 with the first flood 77.
  • the first trough 77 relaxes the steam into a turbine exhaust passage 299b while performing work for the entire system.
  • a line 201 is provided after the expansion stage in the turbine outlet line 299b of the first flow 77 of the second medium-pressure turbine section 44.
  • the expanded steam is supplied via the line 201 to the load 270 via an expansion line 202.
  • the consumer 270 comprises an expansion turbine 244, which may also be connected to a generator 260.
  • the expansion turbine 244 is connected via a process steam line 247 to an end user 249.
  • the line 201 leads to another in a bypass line 203, which opens into the expansion region of the low-pressure turbine section 25.
  • the line 201 also flows into a bypass line 205, which is connected to the overflow line 210, which fluidically couples the second flow 78 to the low-pressure part-turbine 25.
  • a preheating line 250 which is also connected here to one of the preheater 35, for preheating the Condensate water.
  • the preheating line 250 is preferably connected to the preheater 35 after the condensate pump 33 (solid line).
  • the preheat line 250 may also be connected to the preheater 35 in front of the boiler 7 (dashed line).
  • the preheat line 250 may additionally or alternatively be connected to the feed water tank 37 or other components
  • Both the line 201, the bypass line 205, the bypass line 203 and the expansion line 202 and the preheating line 250 have at least one control valve 100, which regulates the amount of steam flowing through.
  • the excess steam of the line 201 via the bypass line 203 of the low-pressure turbine section 25 can be supplied.
  • the excess steam can be flowed into the overflow line 210 upstream of the low-pressure turbine section 25 via a bypass line 205 according to the invention.
  • the excess steam can be used via a Vormérmtechnisch 250 according to the invention for preheating the condensate water.
  • the invention is therefore in the occurrence of special load cases such as load jumps due to a primary control requirement or certain incidents in case of failure of the process steam consumer, then existing excess steam from the cold expansion, that is the steam from the line 201,101 not on the reheater 15th or 75, that is, about a hot expansion. Rather, the problem of excess steam from the cold expansion is achieved according to the invention by the excess is then at least partially fed directly into the expansion region of the existing low-pressure turbine section 25 via the bypass line 103, 203. In this case, the steam of the bypass line 103, 203 can be fed via so-called tapping nozzles (not shown) into the expansion area of the existing low-pressure turbine part 25.
  • the steam behind the cold expansion via a preheating 150,250 which is fluidically connected to the bypass line 103, 203, be used for a preheater 35 for the load cases described above.
  • the excess steam of the line 201,101 via a line 101,201 connected to the bypass line 105, 205, directly into the overflow 21,210 before the low-pressure turbine part 25 and thus bypassed via the reheater 15,75 are flowed.
  • the proposed solution according to the invention succeeds in eliminating a serious disadvantage for concepts with a cold expansion for a consumer 270, 170 with an end user 249.149.
  • the feeding of the requested steam, or vapor, e.g. in the event of failure of the desorber, from the cold expansion, can be done without additional design requirements for the reheater 15,75 or to the consumer 170,270 under Häverraum in the low-pressure turbine section 25.
  • the serious problems in the thrust design are limited.
  • the full potential for increased primary control performance can be exploited.
  • Line 201,101 to the low-pressure turbine part 25 provides an additional degree of freedom for the control of the turbines with each other, in particular for the regulation of the medium-pressure turbine section 17,44 in the power plant.
  • no throttling is necessary for dimming the mass flows of the reheaters 12, 75.
  • the steam turbines and in particular the vane ring in steam power plants, are subject to building tolerances in their manufacture. If the flow cross-section and thus the actual swallowing capacity deviate from the quantity originally used in the design of the steam turbine, the absorption capacity of the steam turbine is too great or too small.
  • a deviation of the construction tolerance and thus a deviation of the ability to swallow through the bypass line 103, 203 and a quantity of steam guided through this bypass line can now be solved.
  • the invention can now on the one hand due to the in Normal operation of very high Prozeßdampfentnähme provided considerable potential for the provision of primary control power, as well as a safe operation in case of failure are ensured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une centrale thermique à vapeur comprenant au moins une première turbine partielle munie d'une conduite de sortie de turbine et une deuxième turbine partielle, lesquelles peuvent chacune être parcourues par de la vapeur et qui assurent l'expansion de la vapeur qui les parcourt dans une première et une deuxième zone d'expansion à plusieurs niveaux des turbines partielles. Dans la zone d'expansion et/ou dans la première conduite de sortie de turbine de la première turbine partielle est agencée une conduite (101, 201) servant au prélèvement de vapeur, la conduite (101, 201)débouchant au moins d'une part dans une conduite d'expansion (102, 202) à laquelle est raccordée un consommateur (170, 271). La conduite (101, 201) débouche d'autre part dans une conduite de dérivation (103, 203) qui est en communication au moins fluidique avec la deuxième zone d'expansion de la deuxième turbine de telle manière que la vapeur de la conduite de dérivation peut s'écouler vers la zone d'expansion de la deuxième turbine partielle, la quantité de vapeur respectivement acheminée pouvant être ajustée. L'invention concerne par ailleurs un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner ladite centrale thermique à vapeur.
PCT/EP2014/067531 2013-08-22 2014-08-18 Centrale thermique à vapeur et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une centrale thermique à vapeur WO2015024886A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013216691 2013-08-22
DE102013216691.5 2013-08-22

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WO2015024886A1 true WO2015024886A1 (fr) 2015-02-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114233416A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-25 暨南大学 一种动态重构的汽轮发电机组及运行方法
CN114810240A (zh) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 暨南大学 一种外置多通道调节系统的高效汽轮机组及其运行方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2136037A2 (fr) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif d'exploitation d'une centrale à vapeur dotée d'une turbine à vapeur et d'un utilisateur
EP2299068A1 (fr) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Centrale thermique comprenant vanne de regulation de surcharge

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2136037A2 (fr) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif d'exploitation d'une centrale à vapeur dotée d'une turbine à vapeur et d'un utilisateur
EP2299068A1 (fr) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Centrale thermique comprenant vanne de regulation de surcharge

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114233416A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-25 暨南大学 一种动态重构的汽轮发电机组及运行方法
CN114810240A (zh) * 2022-04-14 2022-07-29 暨南大学 一种外置多通道调节系统的高效汽轮机组及其运行方法
CN114810240B (zh) * 2022-04-14 2023-05-09 暨南大学 一种外置多通道调节系统的高效汽轮机组及其运行方法

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