WO2015007207A1

WO2015007207A1 - Target image block decoding and encoding method, and decoder and encoder

Info

Publication number: WO2015007207A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/082255
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱文静; 张红; 區子廉; 杨海涛
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-07-15
Filing date: 2014-07-15
Publication date: 2015-01-22
Also published as: CN104301737B; CN104301737A

Abstract

Provided in an embodiment of the present invention are a target image block decoding and encoding method, and a decoder and encoder. The decoding method comprises: obtaining predictive information of a target color palette from the received data rate of the target image block; determining the set of matching elements in the color palette template according to the predictive information; determining the set of target elements according to the predictive information and the set of the matching elements; and decoding the target image block according to the set of the target elements. The embodiment of the present invention predictively encodes the target color palette using for example the predictive information to reduce encoding overhead of the target color palette, thus improving compression efficiency of video images employing the multi-stage BCIM-based scheme.

Description

Decoding method and encoding method of target image block, and decoder and encoder

The present invention relates to the field of video coding and decoding, and in particular, to a decoding method and a decoder of a target image block, and an encoding method and an encoder of the target image block. Background technique

With the rapid development of the Internet and the increasing material and spiritual culture of people, the demand for video applications in the Internet, especially for high-definition video applications, is increasing, and the amount of high-definition video is very large. The problem that must be solved first in the transmission of limited bandwidth Internet is the high-definition video compression coding problem.

Existing video coding standard techniques can effectively compress encoded natural image sequences, but are not fully applicable to screen content sequences. Compared with the natural content, the edges of the text and the table contained in the screen content are relatively sharp and irregular in shape, resulting in weak spatial correlation. The prediction and transformation cannot effectively remove redundant information, and can not achieve a good compression coding effect.

The palette encoding mode (Mu lti -S ta ge BC IM- Ba s ed Scheme ) uses the characteristics of the sparse distribution of the screen image signal, and selects several signals to represent the image information of a certain area, so that the tone can be compared according to the principle of minimum distortion. The swatch encoding mode and other optional encoding modes are used to select a better encoding mode for the image block.

However, the existing palette coding mode requires separate coding of the palette of each image block of each signal component, without considering the spatial and temporal correlation, and cannot effectively remove the palette redundancy. information. Experimental tests show that the number of bits required to encode the palette accounts for about 10% of the total code stream, which accounts for a relatively large proportion, which seriously affects the coding effect that the palette coding mode can achieve. Summary of the invention

The invention provides a decoding method and an encoding method of a target image block, and a decoder and encoding The aim of the present invention is to solve the problem of low compression efficiency of video images in the existing palette coding mode.

In a first aspect, a decoding method of a target image block is provided, including: acquiring prediction information of a target palette from a code stream of a received target image block, wherein the target image block is encoded by a palette a mode image block, the target palette is a set of target elements, each target element in the set of target elements being representative based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block a value, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first class element and/or at least one second class element, the first class element being a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, The second type of element does not need to be determined according to the matching element in the palette template; according to the prediction information, a set of matching elements in the palette template is determined, wherein the palette template is matched by a collection of elements and/or a collection of non-matching elements, the set of matching elements comprising at least one matching element, the matching element being used Matching an element of the first type of element, an absolute value of a difference between a value of the first type element and a value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, the set of the non-matching element includes at least one non-matching element, the non-matching An element is an element that cannot match the first type of element; determining, according to the prediction information and the set of the matching elements, a set of the target elements; and performing, according to the set of the target elements, the target image block decoding.

With reference to the first aspect, in the first implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, and determining, according to the prediction information, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: A set of matching elements in the palette template is determined based on the element prediction identifier.

With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in the second implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, according to the element prediction identifier, the set of matching elements in the palette template, includes: The element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the palette template, and a set of matching elements in the palette template is determined according to the predicted identifier of the palette template, wherein the prediction identifier of the palette template is used And indicating a set of the matching elements in the palette template and a set of the non-matching elements.

With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, The first predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type of elements corresponding to the set of matching elements in the set of the target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the target a number of the target elements in the set of the elements, the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of the matching elements, including: according to the prediction identifier of the palette template, the first Predicting location information and the set of matching elements, determining a value of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements and a location thereof; obtaining the target element from a code stream of the target image block The value of the at least one second type element in the collection.

With reference to the second implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching elements is equal to the target in the set of the target element Determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, including: determining, according to the element, the first predicted location information, and the matching element And determining a value of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements and a location thereof.

With reference to the second embodiment of the first aspect, in the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to The number of the target elements in the set of the target elements, the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of the matching elements, including: sorting in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, according to the element And predicting the identifier and the set of matching elements, determining a value of all of the target elements in the set of the target elements and a location thereof.

With reference to the third, fourth or fifth embodiment of the first aspect, in the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted difference information, wherein the first predicted difference information is used And indicating a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; the according to the prediction information and the And determining, by the set of the matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: adjusting, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements. With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in a seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, according to the element prediction identifier, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: The element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, and the matching element in the palette template is determined according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, and all the matched matches are determined. The elements constitute a set of the matching elements, wherein the predicted identification of the elements in the palette template is used to indicate that the elements in the palette template are matching elements or non-matching elements.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the first aspect, in the eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the target element in the set of the target element Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, determining the set of the target elements, including: according to the prediction identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and Determining a set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; obtaining the at least the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value of a second type of element.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the first aspect, in a ninth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching element is equal to the target element in the set of the target element And determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the A set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first type of element in the set of target elements.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the first aspect, in the tenth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to a number of the target elements in the set of the target elements, the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of the matching elements, including: according to a numerical value Sorting in ascending or descending order, determining a value of all target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements.

With reference to the eighth, ninth or tenth embodiment of the first aspect, in the eleventh implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second predicted difference information Determining a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and matching elements in the palette template; determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, And the set of the target elements includes: adjusting, according to the second predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in the twelfth implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate the set of matching elements a corresponding position of all matching elements in the palette template; determining, according to the element prediction identifier, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: when the element prediction identifier is the a predicted identifier of the target palette, and the predicted identifier of the target palette indicates the at least one first type element in the target palette, and the first index is determined in the palette template All matching elements of the corresponding locations indicated by the information constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template.

With reference to the twelfth embodiment of the first aspect, in the thirteenth implementation of the first aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: a prediction identifier according to the target palette, the first index information, and a set of the matching elements Determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; obtaining the at least one second class element in the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value.

With reference to the twelfth embodiment of the first aspect, in the fourteenth embodiment of the first aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: according to the prediction identifier of the target palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, Determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements. With reference to the twelfth embodiment of the first aspect, in the fifteenth implementation of the first aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target element in the set of the target elements Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, determining the set of the target elements, including: arranging in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, and predicting an identifier according to the element and a set of the matching elements And determining a value of all target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions.

With reference to the thirteenth, fourteenth or fifteenth embodiment of the first aspect, in the sixteenth implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction The difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and its matching elements in the palette template; Determining the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements, the prediction identifier of the color palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, including: according to the first predicted difference information And adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in the seventeenth implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the a corresponding position in the palette template; determining, according to the element prediction identifier, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: when the element prediction identifier is an element in the target palette a prediction identifier, and the prediction identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element, and sequentially determine a corresponding location in the palette template indicated by the second index information Matching elements, all of the determined matching elements constitute a set of the matching elements in the palette template.

With reference to the seventeenth embodiment of the first aspect, in the eighteenth embodiment of the first aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements And determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: determining, according to the prediction identifier of the element in the target palette, the second index information, and the matching element And a set of values of the at least one first type of elements in the set of target elements; obtaining the at least one of the set of target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value of the class element. With reference to the seventeenth embodiment of the first aspect, in the nineteenth implementation of the first aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: according to a prediction identifier of an element in the target palette, the second index information, and the matching element And determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the seventeenth embodiment of the first aspect, in the twentieth embodiment of the first aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target element in the set of the target elements Determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, determining the set of the target elements, including: arranging in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, and predicting an identifier according to the element and a set of the matching elements And determining a value of all target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions.

With reference to the eighteenth, nineteenth or twentieth embodiment of the first aspect, in the twenty-first embodiment of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second The prediction difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template; the prediction identifier according to the elements in the target palette And determining, by the second index information and the set of matching elements, the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements, including: adjusting, determining the target according to the second predicted difference information The value of the at least one first class element in the set of elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in the twenty-second implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate a set of the matching elements a corresponding position of all matching elements in the palette template; determining, according to the element prediction identifier, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: when the element prediction identifier is Determining, in the palette template, the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determining all the corresponding positions in the palette template indicated by the first index information Matching elements constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate that the target palette is capable of being Find the number of matching elements in the palette template. With reference to the twenty-second implementation of the first aspect, in the twenty-third implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a set of elements respectively corresponding to a position of the first class element in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, Determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, including: according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first Predicting location information and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; obtaining a set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value of the at least one second type element in the medium.

With reference to the twenty-second embodiment of the first aspect, in the twenty-fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a set of elements respectively corresponding to a position of the first type of elements in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, Determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, including: according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first prediction The location information and the set of matching elements determine a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements.

With reference to the twenty-second embodiment of the first aspect, in the twenty-fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target in the set of the target elements Determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, including: sorting in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, and predicting the identifier and the matching element according to the element a collection that determines the values of all of the target elements in the set of target elements and their locations.

With reference to the twenty-third, twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, in the twenty-sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, where The first predicted difference value information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; Determining the at least one of the set of target elements according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements The first type of element includes: adjusting, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the first aspect, in the twenty-seventh implementation of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the a corresponding position in the palette template; determining, according to the element prediction identifier, a set of matching elements in the palette template, including: when the element prediction identifier is in the palette template a number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, and determining, in sequence, matching elements of corresponding positions indicated by the second index information in the palette template, determined All of the matching elements constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate the target palette The number of matching elements can be found in the palette template.

In conjunction with the twenty-seventh implementation of the first aspect, in the twenty-eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a position of the first type element corresponding to the element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching element is less than the number of the target elements in the set of the target element, the basis Determining, by the set of the prediction information, the set of the matching elements, determining the set of the target elements, including: according to the number of the matching elements in the set of the matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information And determining, by the set of the matching elements, a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements; acquiring a location in the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value of at least one second type of element.

In conjunction with the twenty-seventh implementation of the first aspect, in the twenty-ninth implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a position of the first type element corresponding to the element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target element, according to the Predicting information and a set of matching elements to determine the target The set of the target elements includes: determining, according to the number of the matched elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted position information, and the set of the matching elements, determining the target element The value and location of the at least one first class element in the collection.

With reference to the twenty-seventh embodiment of the first aspect, in the thirtieth embodiment of the first aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target element in the set of the target elements Determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, including: sorting in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, and predicting the identifier and the matching element according to the element A set that determines the values of all of the target elements in the set of target elements and their locations.

With reference to the twenty-eighth, twenty-ninth or thirtieth embodiment of the first aspect, in the thirty-first embodiment of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein The second predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and matching elements in the palette template; the according to the palette template Determining the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements, including: according to the The second predicted difference information adjusts a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first to thirty-first embodiments of the first aspect, in the thirty-second implementation manner of the first aspect, the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate the target adjustment Whether or not one of the first type elements exists in the swatch can be determined according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements.

With reference to the first aspect and various embodiments thereof, in the thirty-third implementation manner of the first aspect, before the determining, according to the prediction information, the set of matching elements in the palette template, : Preset the palette template.

With reference to the first aspect and the various embodiments thereof, in the thirty-fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, after the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, : updating the palette template according to the target element in the set of target elements and the counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template. In conjunction with the thirty-fourth implementation of the first aspect, in the thirty-fifth implementation of the first aspect, the updating the palette template comprises: utilizing the at least one of the target palettes a second type of element, updating a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; and using the target element in the target palette, respectively updating a counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template.

In a second aspect, a coding method of a target image block is provided, comprising: constructing a target color palette, wherein the target color image is a set of target elements, each target element in the set of the target element is based on a representative value determined by a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first class element and/or at least one second class element, the first The class element is a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, the second type element does not need a target element determined according to the matching element in the palette template; determining prediction information of the target color palette, And predictively encoding the target color palette according to the prediction information, so as to determine a set of matching elements of the at least one first type element in the target palette in the palette template, where The palette template is composed of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, the set of matching elements including at least one matching element The matching element is an element for matching the first type of element, the absolute value of the difference between the value of the first type element and the value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, and the set of the non-matching element includes at least a non-matching element, the non-matching element being an element that cannot match the first type of element; a set of the target element in the target palette according to the predictive encoding and an index table, the target image block Encode.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first implementation manner of the second aspect, the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, where the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the palette template, where the palette template is predicted Identifying a set of the matching elements in the palette template and a set of the non-matching elements; or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, wherein the The predicted identifier of the element in the swatch template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element; or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, wherein the target a prediction identifier of the palette for indicating a first type element and/or a second type element in the set of the target elements; or the element prediction And a predicted identifier of the element in the target palette, wherein the predicted identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element or a second type element; or the element prediction The number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

With reference to the first embodiment of the second aspect, in the second implementation manner of the second aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate that the set of matching elements are respectively a location of the corresponding first type of element in the set of the target element; or the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate a first type of element corresponding to the matching element The position in the set of target elements.

With reference to the first or second implementation manner of the second aspect, in the third implementation manner of the second aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate the matching element a corresponding position of all matching elements in the set in the palette template; or the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the palette template The corresponding position in .

With reference to the first to third embodiments of the second aspect, in the fourth implementation manner of the second aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted difference information, where the first predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; or the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information And wherein the second predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template.

With reference to the first to fourth embodiments of the second aspect, in a fifth implementation manner of the second aspect, the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether the target color palette is There is one of the first type of elements that can be determined based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements.

In conjunction with the second aspect and various embodiments thereof, in the sixth implementation manner of the second aspect, before the determining the prediction information of the target color palette, the method further includes: preset the color palette template.

With reference to the second aspect and various embodiments thereof, in the seventh implementation manner of the second aspect, after the predictive coding of the target color palette according to the prediction information, the method further includes: The palette template is updated according to the target element in the set of target elements and the counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the second aspect, in the eighth implementation manner of the second aspect, the updating the palette template comprises: using the at least one second type element in the target palette, Updating a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; updating the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template by using the target element in the target palette.

In a third aspect, a decoder is provided, including: a receiving unit, configured to acquire prediction information of a target palette from a code stream of a received target image block, where the target image block is a color palette An image block of an encoding mode, the target color palette being a set of target elements, each target element in the set of target image elements being representatively determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block a numerical value, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first class element and/or at least one second class element, the first class element being a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, The second type of element does not need to be determined according to the matching element in the palette template; the first determining unit is configured to determine, according to the prediction information received by the receiving unit, in the palette template a set of matching elements, wherein the palette template consists of a collection of matching elements and/or a collection of non-matching elements, the collection of matching elements At least one matching element, the matching element is an element for matching the first type of element, and an absolute value of a difference between a value of the first type element and a value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, the non-matching element The set includes at least one non-matching element, the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element; and a second determining unit, configured to determine the match with the first determining unit according to the prediction information a set of elements, the set of the target elements is determined; a decoding unit, configured to decode the target image block according to the set of the target elements determined by the second determining unit.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, where the first determining unit is configured to: determine, according to the element prediction identifier, in the palette template A collection of matching elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in a second implementation manner of the third aspect, the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the palette template, according to the The predictive identity of the palette template determines the matching elements in the palette template And a set of predictions of the palette template for indicating a set of the matching elements in the palette template and a set of the non-matching elements.

With reference to the second embodiment of the third aspect, in a third implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching elements is less than the set of the target elements a number of the target elements, the second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the prediction identifier of the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements a value of the at least one first type of element and its location; obtaining a value of the at least one second type of element in the set of target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

With reference to the second implementation manner of the third aspect, in the fourth implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching elements is equal to the target in the set of the target element a second determining unit, configured to: determine the at least one of the set of target elements according to the element prediction identifier, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements The value of the first type of element and its location.

With reference to the second embodiment of the third aspect, in a fifth implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to The number of the target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit is specifically configured to: sort the data according to the numerical value in ascending or descending order, and determine the target element according to the element prediction identifier and the set of the matching elements The values of all the target elements in the collection and their locations.

With reference to the third, fourth or fifth embodiment of the third aspect, in a sixth implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted difference information, wherein the first predicted difference information is used And indicating a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; the second determining unit further And: adjusting, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in a seventh implementation manner of the third aspect, the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, And determining, in sequence, the matching elements in the palette template according to the predicted identifiers of the elements in the palette template, all of the determined matching elements forming a set of the matching elements, wherein the palette template The predicted identifier of the medium element is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the third aspect, in the eighth implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the target element in the set of the target element The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, in the set of the target elements a value and a position of the at least one first type element; obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the third aspect, in a ninth implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location The information is used to indicate a position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching element is equal to the target element in the set of the target element The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of the matching elements, the location in the set of the target elements The value and location of at least one first type of element.

With reference to the seventh embodiment of the third aspect, in a tenth implementation manner of the third aspect, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to a number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determining unit is specifically configured to: sort in ascending or descending order according to the numerical size, and predict the identifier and the matching according to the element A collection of elements that determine the value of all of the target elements in the set of target elements and their locations. With reference to the eighth, ninth or tenth implementation manner of the third aspect, in the eleventh implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element in the palette template; the second determining unit is further configured to: according to the second predicted difference Information, adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the twelfth implementation of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate the set of matching elements a corresponding position of all the matching elements in the palette template; the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, and the target palette The prediction identifier indicates the at least one first type element in the target palette, and determining that all matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the palette template are formed in the palette A collection of matching elements in a template.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the thirteenth implementation of the third aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the predicted identifier of the target palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, the at least one of the set of target elements The value and location of the class element; the value of the at least one second class element in the set of the target elements is obtained from the code stream of the target image block.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the fourteenth implementation of the third aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the prediction identifier of the target palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, the at least one first category in the set of target elements The value and position of the element.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the fifteenth implementation of the third aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements The second determining unit is specifically configured to: arrange the values of all the target elements in the set of the target elements according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements according to the ascending or descending order of the numerical values position. With reference to the thirteenth, fourteenth or fifteenth embodiment of the third aspect, in the sixteenth embodiment of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction The difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; the second determining unit Further for: adjusting, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the seventeenth implementation of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the a corresponding position in the palette template; the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the target palette, and the prediction of the target element in the target palette The identifier is used to indicate that the target element is a first type of element, and the matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the second index information in the palette template are sequentially determined, and all the matched elements determined are configured in the A collection of the matching elements in the palette template.

With reference to the seventeenth embodiment of the third aspect, in the eighteenth aspect of the third aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the target palette, the second index information, and the set of matching elements, the at least the set of the target elements a value and a position of a first type of element; obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

With reference to the seventeenth embodiment of the third aspect, in the nineteenth implementation of the third aspect, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine the at least one of the set of the target elements according to the predicted identifier of the element in the target palette, the second index information, and the set of matching elements The value and location of the first type of element.

With reference to the seventeenth implementation manner of the third aspect, in the twentieth implementation manner of the third aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of the matching elements is less than or equal to the target element in the set of the target elements The second determining unit is specifically configured to: arrange the values of all the target elements in the set of the target elements according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements according to the ascending or descending order of the numerical values. Its location. With reference to the eighteenth, nineteenth or twentieth embodiment of the third aspect, in the twenty-first embodiment of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second The prediction difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and the matching elements in the palette template; the second determining unit is further configured to: according to the And predicting difference information, and adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the twenty-second implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate the set of matching elements a corresponding position of all matching elements in the palette template; the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is the matching in the set of the matching elements in the palette template a number of elements, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determining that all matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the palette template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, Wherein the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

With reference to the twenty-second implementation of the third aspect, in the twenty-third implementation of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a set of elements respectively corresponding to a position of the first class element in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, The second determining unit is specifically configured to: determine the target according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements. a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of elements; obtaining a value of the at least one second class element of the set of target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

With reference to the twenty-second embodiment of the third aspect, in the twenty-fourth implementation of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a set of elements respectively corresponding to a position of the first type of elements in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, The second determining unit is specifically configured to: according to the palette mode Determining, in the set of the matching elements in the set of the matching elements, the first predicted position information, and the set of the matching elements, determining a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements And location.

With reference to the twenty-second embodiment of the third aspect, in the twenty-fifth implementation of the third aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target in the set of the target elements The second determining unit is specifically configured to: arrange in ascending or descending order of the numerical value, and determine, according to the element prediction identifier and the set of the matching elements, all the target elements in the set of the target elements The value and its location.

With reference to the twenty-third, twenty-fourth or twenty-fifth implementation manner of the third aspect, in the twenty-sixth implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, where The first predicted difference value information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; The second determining unit is further configured to: adjust, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

With reference to the first embodiment of the third aspect, in the twenty-seventh implementation of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the Corresponding position in the palette template; the first determining unit is specifically configured to: when the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of the matching elements in the palette template, and The number is greater than or equal to 1, and the matching elements of the corresponding positions indicated by the second index information in the palette template are sequentially determined, and all the matched elements determined to form a matching element in the palette template A collection of the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template for indicating the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

In conjunction with the twenty-seventh implementation of the third aspect, in the twenty-eighth implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a position of the first type element corresponding to the element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target element, the second The determining unit is specifically configured to:: according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the matching a set of elements, determining a value and a position of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements; acquiring the at least one of the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block The value of the second type of element.

In conjunction with the twenty-seventh implementation of the third aspect, in the twenty-ninth implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate the matching a position of the first type element corresponding to the element in the set of the target element; when the number of matching elements in the set of the matching element is equal to the number of the target elements in the set of the target element, the second determining The unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, The value and location of the at least one first type of element.

With reference to the twenty-seventh embodiment of the third aspect, in the thirtieth embodiment of the third aspect, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the target element in the set of the target elements The second determining unit is specifically configured to: arrange the values of all the target elements in the set of the target elements according to the element prediction identifier and the set of the matching elements according to the ascending or descending order of the numerical values. And its location.

With reference to the twenty-eighth, twenty-ninth or thirtieth embodiment of the third aspect, in the thirty-first embodiment of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein The second prediction difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and the matching elements in the palette template; the second determining unit is further configured to: The second predicted difference information is adjusted to adjust a value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements.

With reference to the third aspect and various embodiments thereof, in the thirty-second implementation manner of the third aspect, the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether the target color palette exists One of the first type of elements can be determined based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements.

With reference to the third aspect and various embodiments thereof, in a thirty-third implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: a first preset unit, configured to determine, in the color palette, according to the prediction information The palette template is preset before the collection of matching elements in the template. With reference to the third aspect and various embodiments thereof, in a thirty-fourth implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: a first updating unit, configured to determine, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, After the collection of the target elements, the palette template is updated according to the target element in the set of target elements and the counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template.

With reference to the thirty-fourth implementation of the third aspect, in the thirty-fifth implementation of the third aspect, the first updating unit is specifically configured to: utilize the at least one second in the target palette a class element, updating a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; updating the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template by using the target element in the target palette.

In a fourth aspect, an encoder is provided, comprising: a construction unit, configured to construct a target palette, wherein the target palette is a collection of target elements, and each target element in the set of target elements is a representative value determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first class element and/or at least one second class element, the One type of element is a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in a palette template, the second type element does not need a target element determined according to a matching element in the palette template; a pre-processing unit for determining the configuration Predicting information of the target palette constructed by the unit, and predictively encoding the target palette according to the prediction information, so as to determine that the at least one first type element in the target palette is in the a collection of matching elements in a palette template, wherein the palette template consists of a collection of matching elements and/or a collection of non-matching elements, The set of matching elements includes at least one matching element, the matching element is an element for matching the first type of element, and an absolute value of a difference between a value of the first type element and a value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value And the set of the non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element; a coding unit, configured to predict the encoded target color according to the pre-processing unit A set of target elements in the board and an index table that encodes the target image block.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, where the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the palette template, where the palette template is predicted Identifying a set for indicating the matching element in the palette template And a set of the non-matching elements; or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, wherein a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template is used to indicate the palette template The element is a matching element or a non-matching element; or the element predictive identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, wherein the predicted identifier of the target palette is used to indicate in the set of the target element a first type of element and/or a second type of element; or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the target palette, wherein a predicted identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate the target The element is a first type element or a second type element; or the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, used to indicate the target color palette The number of matching elements can be found in the palette template.

With reference to the first embodiment of the fourth aspect, in the second implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate that the set of the matching elements are respectively a location of the corresponding first type of element in the set of the target element; or the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate a first type of element corresponding to the matching element The position in the set of target elements.

With reference to the first or second implementation manner of the fourth aspect, in the third implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate the matching element a corresponding position of all matching elements in the set in the palette template; or the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the palette template The corresponding position in .

With reference to the first to third embodiments of the fourth aspect, in the fourth implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the prediction information further includes first predicted difference information, where the first predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; or the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information And wherein the second predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template.

With reference to the fourth aspect and various embodiments thereof, in a fifth implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether a target exists in the target color palette The first type of element can match the prediction according to the prediction information Determined by the collection of elements.

With reference to the fourth aspect and various embodiments thereof, in a sixth implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the method further includes: a second preset unit, configured to: before the determining the prediction information of the target color palette, preset The palette template.

With reference to the fourth aspect and various embodiments thereof, in a seventh implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the method further includes: a second updating unit, configured to perform predictive coding on the target color palette according to the prediction information, Updating the palette template according to the target element in the set of target elements and the counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template.

With reference to the fourth aspect and various embodiments thereof, in the eighth implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the second updating unit is specifically configured to: update by using the at least one second type element in the target color palette a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; updating the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template by using the target element in the target palette.

Embodiments of the present invention predictively encode a target palette by, for example, predicting information to reduce the encoding overhead of the target palette, thereby further improving the compression efficiency of the video image in the palette encoding mode. DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

1 is a flow chart of a decoding method of a target image block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a flow chart of a method of encoding a target image block in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of an encoder in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoder according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoder according to another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

In order to clearly illustrate the codec method of the embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to first clarify the following concepts.

Palette: Consists of a set of elements, each of which is the representative sample point value of all the sample points of the signal component of the target image block, where the size of the palette is the number of elements in the palette. The number and value of the elements in the palette can be determined by a dynamic programming algorithm.

Target palette: A palette of one signal component in the target image block. The target image block is an image block in the palette encoding mode. The signal component may be any one of the signal components of the target image block. For example, if the signal format of the target image block is YUV, one of the signal components may be any of the Y, U, and V components. For another example, if the signal format of the target image block is RGB, one signal component may be any one of the 1, G, and B components.

Palette template: Initializes a set of elements at the beginning of a sequence or an image or a slice encoding process, setting all of them to a predetermined initial value (such as -1 ). The elements in the palette template can be used to predict the elements in the target palette.

Hereinafter, a decoding method of a target image block according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

S 1 1 , obtaining prediction information of a target palette from a code stream of the received target image block, wherein the target image block is an image block in a palette encoding mode, and the target color palette is a target a set of elements, each of the set of target elements being a representative value determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one a first type of element and/or at least one second type of element, the first type of element being a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, the second type of element not being based on the palette template Matches the target element determined by the element.

Thus, it is possible that the target element in the target palette is likely to find a match in the palette template. The element may also not find a matching element in the palette template.

The prediction information may include an element prediction identifier.

The element prediction identifier may be a predictive identifier of an element in the palette template to indicate whether the element in the palette template is a matching element of the first type of element in the target palette. For example, you can transfer a binary symbol to each element in the palette template as the predictive identifier for the element in the palette template. When the predicted identifier of an element in the palette template is 1, it indicates that the element is a matching element of the first type of element in the target palette; when the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template is

0, indicating that the element is not a matching element of the first type of element in the target palette, that is, a non-matching element. When the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template indicates that the element is a matching element, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate that the matching element corresponds to the first The position of the class element in the set of target elements. The second predicted position information may be identified using a variable length codeword or a fixed length codeword. If the length of the target palette is 1 6 , a fixed length codeword of length 4 can be used to identify the second predicted location information.

Or the element prediction identifier may be a prediction identifier of the palette template, where the prediction identifier of the palette template is used to indicate the set of the matching elements in the palette template and the non-matching element Collection. For example, if there are 4 elements in the palette template, the prediction identifier of the palette template is (1, 0, 0, 1) Yes, indicating that the first and fourth elements in the palette template are matching elements. The second and third elements are non-matching elements. When the prediction identifier of the palette template indicates that the set of matching elements is non-empty, that is, at least one matching element exists, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate the matching element. The position of the corresponding first class element in the set of the target element.

Alternatively, the element prediction identifier may also be a prediction identifier of an element in the target palette, which is used to indicate whether the target element in the target palette is a first type element or a second type element, that is, whether the target element can be in the color palette. Find the matching element in the template. For example, a binary symbol can be transmitted for each target element in the target palette as a predictive identifier for the element in the target palette. If the element prediction identifier indicates that the target element can find its matching element in the palette template, the prediction information further includes second index information indicating a corresponding position of the matching element in the palette template. . A fixed length codeword or a variable length codeword can be used to identify the second index Information. For example, when the palette template size is 8 (ie, it contains 8 elements), a fixed length codeword of length 3 can be used as the second index information to identify the location of the matching element, or to identify the matching element. Which of these 8 elements is. As another example, a truncated unary code having a maximum value of 8 can be used as the second index information to identify the location of the matching element.

Or the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the target palette, where the prediction identifier of the target palette is used to indicate a first type element and/or a second type element in the set of the target element . For example, if there are 6 target elements in the target palette, the predicted identifier ( 1 , 0, 0, 1 , 1 , 0 ) of the target palette indicates that the first, fourth, and fifth target elements are the first type of target elements. The second, third, and sixth target elements are the second type of target elements. When the prediction identifier of the target palette represents all the first type elements in the target palette, the prediction information may further include first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate that all the first type elements correspond to A corresponding position of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template.

Alternatively, the element prediction identifier may also be the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template for indicating the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette. Thus, the prediction information further includes first index information and first predicted location information. Alternatively, the prediction information may further include second index information and second predicted location information, it being understood that the number of the second index information or the second predicted location information is the number of matching elements in the palette template.

Furthermore, the prediction information may further include first prediction difference information or second prediction difference information.

For example, the second predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and its matching elements in the palette template. The second predicted difference information can be further decomposed into the predicted difference absolute value and the predicted difference sign. It is only necessary to obtain the predicted difference symbol when the absolute value of the prediction difference is not zero.

For example, a fixed length codeword or a variable length codeword may be used to identify the absolute value of the predicted difference value, and a maximum value may be set for the absolute value of the predicted difference value, which may be preset or from the code stream. obtain. For example, when the maximum value of the prediction difference is preset to be 3, a fixed length codeword of length 2 may be used to identify the absolute value of the prediction difference, or a truncated unary code having a maximum value of 3 may be used to identify the prediction difference. The absolute value of the value. For example, a binary symbol can be used to identify the predicted predicted difference symbol. For example, the binary symbol 0 can be used to indicate that the prediction difference is a negative number, and the binary symbol 1 is used to indicate that the prediction difference is a positive number.

The first predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and its matching elements in the palette template.

Further, the prediction information may include one prediction indication information.

The prediction indication information is used to indicate whether the target palette uses the palette prediction method described in the present invention, that is, whether at least one first type element in the target palette can be determined according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. . For example, the prediction indication information may be a binary symbol, the symbol 0 may be used to indicate that the palette prediction method is not used, and the symbol 1 is used to indicate the palette prediction method. If the target palette does not use the palette prediction method, then each target element in the palette can be determined according to the prior art method.

S 1 2 , determining, according to the prediction information, a set of the matching elements that match the at least one first element in a palette template, wherein the palette template is composed of a matching element and/or a a set of matching elements, the set of matching elements including at least one matching element, the matching element is an element for matching the first type of element, and the difference between the value of the first type of element and the value of the matching element The absolute value is less than a predetermined value, and the set of non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, which is an element that cannot match the first type of element.

As you can see, the elements in the palette template may or may not match the target palette.

In the following, in conjunction with the implementation, how the set of matching elements in the palette template is determined by the prediction information.

For example, a set of matching elements in the palette template can be determined by an element prediction identifier.

In one embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the palette template, determining a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the predicted identifier of the palette template, wherein The prediction identifier of the palette template is used to indicate a set of the matching elements in the palette template and a set of the non-matching elements.

In another embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is an element in the palette template a prediction identifier, which in turn determines a matching element in the palette template according to a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, wherein all of the determined matching elements constitute a set of the matching elements, wherein the adjustment The predictive identity of the element in the swatch template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element.

In another embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, and the predicted identifier of the target palette indicates the at least one first category in the target palette And determining, by the element, all matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the palette template to form a set of matching elements in the palette template.

In another embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the target palette, and a predicted identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first category And determining, in sequence, matching elements of the corresponding positions indicated by the second index information in the palette template, all of the determined matching elements forming a set of the matching elements in the palette template .

In another embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determining the palette All matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template The number is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

In another embodiment, when the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determining the coloring in sequence A matching element of a corresponding position indicated by the second index information in the board template, all of the determined matching elements constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template.

Further, when the prediction information includes both the prediction indication information and the element prediction flag, it is only necessary to acquire the element prediction flag from the code stream if the prediction indication information indicates that the target palette performs prediction processing.

How to determine a matching element according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

If the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, then when the palette mode When the element predictive identifier of an element in the board indicates that the element is a matching element of the first type of element of the target palette, it may be determined that the element in the palette template is a first type of element in the target palette. Matching elements in the swatch template. For example, the number of elements in the palette template is 8, and the eight elements are (62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 189, 205, 240), and the element prediction identifier may be (0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0), 0 indicates that the element in the palette template is not a matching element, and 1 indicates that the element in the palette template is a matching element. For elements 62, 89, 110, 189 and 240 in the palette template, their corresponding element prediction ID is 0, indicating that they are non-matching elements, and for elements 128, 154 and 205 in the palette template, their corresponding elements The prediction ID is 1, indicating that they are matching elements. Through the element prediction identifier, 128, 154, and 205 can be determined as matching elements of the target element in the palette template in the target palette. Alternatively, when the element prediction identifier is (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), it indicates that there is no set of matching elements in the palette template.

If the prediction identifier is an element prediction identifier of an element in the target palette, when an element prediction identifier of a target element in the target palette indicates that the target element can find its matching element in the palette template, The second index information needs to be further obtained from the code stream, and the location of the matching element in the palette template is determined according to the second index information, or the matching element is equivalently determined. For example, in the case where the number of target elements in the target palette is 6, the element prediction flag may be (1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1). Where 0 indicates that the target element in the target palette cannot find its matching element in the palette template, that is, the second type of element; 1 indicates that the target element in the target palette can be found in the palette template Its matching element is the first type of element. For the first type of element in the target palette with the element prediction identifier of 1, the second index information is 4, 3, and 6, respectively. The number of elements in the palette template is 8, 8 elements are (62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 189, 205, 240). At this time, according to the second index information, it is determined that the matching elements of the first, fifth, and sixth target elements in the target palette are 154, 128, and 205, respectively. Or, when the element prediction identifier is (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), it means that there is no matching element matching the target element of the target palette in the palette template, that is, the target palette The first type of element does not exist, and only the second type of element exists.

If the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, when the element prediction identifier indicates that the number of matching elements in the palette template is not 0 The second index information needs to be further obtained from the code stream, and the position of the matching element in the palette template is determined according to the second index information, or the matching element is equivalently determined. For example, the number of matching elements in the obtained palette template is 3, indicating that there are 3 target elements in the target palette to find matching elements in the palette template. The number of elements in the palette template is 8, and the eight elements are (62, 89, 1 1 0, 128, 154, 189, 205, 240). The obtained three second index information are 4, 3, and 6, respectively. At this time, according to the second index information, it is determined that the matching elements of the target element in the target palette in the palette template are 154, 128, and 205, respectively.

S 1 3 , determining a set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements.

In an embodiment, for the case where the element prediction identifier is the prediction identifier of the palette template, when the set of the matching elements determined in step S12 is non-empty, the prediction information further includes a first predicted location information, where the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, Determining the set of the target elements, including: determining, according to the predicted identifier of the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, the at least one of the set of target elements A value and a position of a class of elements; a value of the at least one second class element in the set of the target elements is obtained from a code stream of the target image block.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. The collecting, comprising: determining a value and a location of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements according to the element prediction identifier, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements.

Or when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information And determining, by the set of the matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: determining the target according to the set of element prediction identifiers and the matching elements according to a predetermined manner (eg, ascending or descending order of numerical values) The value of all of the target elements in the collection of elements and their locations. In addition, the prediction information may further include first prediction difference information, where the determining, according to the element prediction identifier, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a location in the set of target elements The at least one first type of element includes: adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements according to the first predicted difference information.

In another embodiment, where the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, when the set of matching elements determined in step S12 is non-empty, The prediction information further includes second predicted location information, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information and the matching element And determining a set of the target elements, including: determining, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, in the set of the target elements a value and a position of the at least one first type element; obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. And the determining includes: determining, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements.

Or when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information And determining, by the set of the matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: sorting in ascending or descending order according to a numerical size, determining, according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, all of the set of the target elements The value of the target element and its location.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction identifier of the element in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements. The at least one first type element in the method, comprising: adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements according to the second predicted difference information.

For example, the matching element can be used as a pre-corresponding first element in the target palette. Measured value. At this time, the second predicted difference information is also obtained from the code stream. For example, the matching element of the first type element in the target palette is 86, and the obtained second predicted difference information includes the absolute value of the prediction difference 3 and the predicted difference symbol 0, then it can be determined that the predicted difference is -3 And further determine that the first type of element in the target palette is 86+ (- 3) =83.

In another embodiment, in a case where the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the target palette, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements determined in step S12 is less than Determining the number of the target elements in the set of the target elements, the determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of the matching elements, including: according to the prediction identifier of the target color palette, a first index information and a set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; acquiring the target element from a code stream of the target image block The value of the at least one second type element in the collection.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. And determining, according to the prediction identifier of the target palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements .

Or determining, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, The set of target elements includes: sorting in ascending or descending order of numerical values, and determining values of all target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements.

In addition, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, where the determining, according to the prediction identifier of the target palette, the first index information, and the set of matching elements, determining the set of target elements The at least one first type of element, comprising: adjusting a value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the first predicted difference information.

In another embodiment, in the case that the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the target palette, the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements determined in step S12 is less than The number of target elements in the set of target elements, according to the predicted letter And determining, by the set of the matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: determining the target according to the predicted identifier of the element in the target palette, the second index information, and the set of the matching elements a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of elements; obtaining a value of the at least one second class element of the set of target elements from a code stream of the target image block.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. And determining, according to the prediction identifier of the element in the target color palette, the second index information, and the set of the matching elements, determining a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements And location.

In addition, the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, where the determining the target element according to the prediction identifier of the element in the target palette, the second index information, and the set of matching elements The at least one first class element in the set, comprising: adjusting a value of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements according to the second predicted difference information.

In another embodiment, where the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, And when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements determined in step S12 is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the set according to the prediction information and the matching element Determining the set of the target elements, including: determining, according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements And a value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements; and a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements is obtained from a code stream of the target image block. Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. And determining, according to the set of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining the set of the target elements The value and location of the at least one first type of element.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted location information, and the matching a set of the elements, the determining the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements, comprising: adjusting the at least one first category in the set of the target elements according to the first predicted difference information The value of the element.

In another embodiment, where the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, And when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements determined in step S12 is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the set according to the prediction information and the matching element Determining the set of the target elements, including: determining, according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, And a value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements; and a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements is obtained from a code stream of the target image block.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, determining the target element according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. And the set includes: a set of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and a set of the matching elements And determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted location information, and the matching And determining, by the set of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements, the: adjusting, according to the second predicted difference information, the at least one first class in the set of the target elements The value of the element.

In order to determine the set of target elements, after determining the values of all the target elements of the target palette, it is necessary to determine the position of each target element in the target palette. For example, all target elements of the target palette can be sorted according to a given order to determine the position of each target element in the target palette. For example, each target element in the target palette can be sorted in ascending or descending order according to the value of the target element to determine the position of each target element.

For example, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, and the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information and the And determining, by the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, including: sorting in ascending or descending order according to a numerical value, determining, according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, determining all target elements in the set of the target elements The value and its location. The matching elements in the set of matching elements are arranged in ascending or descending order to determine the value and position of the target element in the set of target elements.

Or, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, and the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, according to the prediction information and the Determining a set of matching elements, determining the set of the target elements, comprising: arranging in ascending or descending order according to a numerical size, determining, according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, all target elements in the set of the target elements The value and its location. That is, except In addition to the determined set of matching elements, all second type elements need to be obtained from the code stream, and the set of matching elements and all the second type elements are arranged in ascending or descending order to determine the target in the set of target elements. The value and position of the element.

All target elements of the target palette may also be sorted according to the first or second predicted position information to determine the position of each target element in the target palette. The following is an example of how to determine the location of a target element in the set of target elements based on the predicted location information.

In a possible implementation manner, if the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in a palette template, when an element of the palette template predicts an element indicating that the element is an element of the target palette When matching elements, it can be determined that the element in the palette template is a matching element of a target element in the palette template in the target palette, and the matched element in the target palette can be obtained from the code stream. Location information. For the unmatched elements in the target palette, the target palette can be filled in the given order after being acquired from the code stream. For example, the number of palette template elements is 8, and 8 elements are respectively (62, 89, 110 , 128, 154, 189, 205, 240), the element prediction identifier may be (0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0), 0 indicates that the element in the palette template is not a matching element, 1 indicates a palette template element as a matching element. For elements 62, 89, 110, 189 and 240 in the palette template, their corresponding element prediction ID is 0, indicating that they are not matching elements, and for elements 128, 154 and 205 in the palette template, their corresponding elements The prediction identifier is 1, indicating that they are matching elements. At this time, the predicted position information of the matched elements in the target palette can be obtained. For example, the obtained position information of the three elements is (0, 4, 5). Suppose there are six target elements in the target palette. Based on the values of the three target elements determined according to the previous steps and the positions of the three target elements, the target palette can be determined as (128, UN, UN, UN, 154, 205), and UN represents the remaining undetermined elements. The three undetermined target elements are then retrieved from the code stream, for example, the three target elements acquired are 200, 155, and 202, and placed in a vacant position of the target palette. Elements acquired from the code stream can be placed into the target palette according to pre-defined rules. For example, you can place them in order from front to back, and make sure the target palette is (128, 200, 155, 202, 154, 205).

In another possible implementation manner, if the element prediction identifier is the number of matching elements in the palette template, when the predicted identifier indicates that the number of matching elements in the palette template is not 0, further from the code stream is needed. Obtaining index information, the number of the index information being the prediction identifier The number of matching elements in the indicated palette template. The position of the matching element in the palette template may be determined according to the index information, or the matching element may be equivalently determined. At this time, the predicted position information of the matching element may also be obtained from the code stream, and the target palette is not Matching elements, obtained from the stream, can populate the target palette in the given order. For example, the number of matching elements in the obtained palette template is 3, indicating that 3 elements in the target palette can find matching elements in the palette template. The number of palette template elements is 8, and the eight elements are (62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 189, 205, 240). The obtained three index information is 3, 4, 6. At this time, according to the index information, the matching elements of the elements in the target palette in the palette template are 128, 154, and 205, respectively. At this time, the predicted position information of the matched elements in the target palette can be obtained. For example, the obtained position information of the three elements is (0, 4, 5), respectively, and it is assumed that there are six elements in the target palette. Then, according to the values of the three target elements determined according to the previous steps and the positions of the three target elements, the target palette can be determined as (128, UN, UN, UN, 154, 205), and UN represents the remaining undetermined elements. The three undetermined target elements are then retrieved from the code stream, for example, the three target elements acquired are 200, 155, and 202, and placed in a vacant position of the target palette. The target elements obtained from the code stream can be placed into the target palette according to a predetermined rule. For example, it can be placed in order from front to back, and the target palette is determined to be (128, 200, 155, 202, 154, 205).

S14. Decode the target image block according to the set of the target elements.

After determining the set of target elements of the target palette, it is equivalent to determining the target palette. The target palette can be used to decode the corresponding signal components of the target image block.

An index table of signal components of the target image block is parsed, and the parsing operation can be performed using methods in the prior art.

The reconstructed value of each of the signal components in the target image block is obtained by indexing from the target palette using the parsed index table. Specifically, for a sample point of the target block, find the index value of the corresponding position of the index table. The target palette is indexed by the index value, and the value of the element in the target palette indexed is used as the reconstructed value of the sample point. Perform the same operation on all the sample points in the target image block to obtain the reconstructed values of all the sample points of the target image block. For the reconstructed target image block, the reconstructed image block can be subsequently filtered using a deblocking filter or the like. Work.

A similar decoding operation can be performed on all signal components in the target image block.

It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention further reduces the coding overhead of the target palette by, for example, predicting a message, a packet, and pre-coding the target color palette, thereby further improving the video image of the palette color coding mode. Compression efficiency.

Further, before determining the set of matching elements in the palette template according to the prediction information, a preset palette template is further included.

After determining the set of the target elements according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, further comprising: matching the target elements in the set of target elements and the matching in the palette template The counter value corresponding to the element, the palette template is updated.

For example, updating, by the at least one second class element in the target palette, a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; utilizing the target element in the target palette, Update the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template.

After the target image block is processed, the palette template needs to be updated. A counter can be used for each element in the palette template, which is updated based on the number of occurrences of the element and the length of time the element has been in the palette template. The palette template can be updated based on the counter value of the element and the elements in the target palette.

When updating the palette, first reduce the value of each element counter of the palette template by a preset value (such as 1). Then iterate through the elements in the palette template, check each element in the target palette for each element, and see if there is a target palette element that can hit the palette template element. If it exists, then adjust the element. Swatch template element counter value is incremented by a preset value

(eg 3). The hit refers to the absolute value of the difference between the values of the two elements within a predetermined range (such as 3). Traverses each new element in the target palette in the given order and inserts the new element into the palette template. The new element refers to an element in the target palette that does not hit any of the elements in the palette template. The inserting a new element into the palette template refers to finding an element with the smallest counter value in the palette template. If the element calculates its value below a preset value (such as 1), the color is replaced by the new element. Board template element. If there are multiple palette elements with the same minimum counter value, then one is selected for replacement in the given order (eg, the order of the elements in the palette template from small to large). For the element just inserted into the palette template, its counter The value is set to a predetermined initial value (such as 2).

For example, the number of elements in the palette template is 8, 8 elements are (62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 189, 205, 240), and the counter value is (3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1), the target elements in the target palette are (70, 128, 154, 205, 255). When updating the palette, first reduce the value of all element counters of the palette template by 1, and the counter status changes to ( 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0). Check that the elements 128, 154, 205 in the palette template are hit by the elements in the target palette, and the counter values of elements 128, 154, 205 are incremented by 2. The counter status changes to ( 2, 2, 1, 4, 4, 0, 3, 0).

For elements 70 and 255 in the target palette, these two target elements do not hit any matching elements of the palette template. The minimum counter value in the current palette template is 0, and the corresponding palette template elements are 240 and 189. The position index of element 189 in the palette template is small, so 189 can be replaced with 70, while the counter value of element 70 is set to 2, and the palette template becomes (62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 70). , 205, 240 ), the counter status changes to ( 2, 2, 1, 4, 4, 2, 3, 0). For element 255, the counter value in the current palette template is 0, and the corresponding palette template matching element is 240, so use 240 to replace 240, and set the counter value of element 255 to 2, then the palette The template changes to ( 62, 89, 110, 128, 154, 70, 205, 255 ) and the counter status changes to ( 2, 2, 1, 4, 4, 2, 3, 2). At this point, the target palette update is complete.

As can be seen from the above, the embodiment of the present invention further reduces the coding overhead of the target palette by, for example, predicting a message, a packet, and pre-coding the target color palette, thereby further improving the video image of the palette color coding mode. Compression efficiency.

Next, an encoding method of a target image block according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 2 in detail.

S21. Construct a target palette, where the target palette is a set of target elements, and each target element in the set of target elements is determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block. a representative value, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first class element and/or at least one second class element, the first class element being determined according to a matching element in the palette template A target element that does not require a target element determined from matching elements in the palette template. S22, determining prediction information of the target palette, and predictively encoding the target palette according to the prediction information, so as to determine that the at least one first type element in the target palette is a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the palette template is composed of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, the set of matching elements including at least one matching element, the matching An element is an element for matching the first type of element, an absolute value of a difference between a value of the first type element and a value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, and the set of the non-matching element includes at least one non-matching element, The non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element.

The prediction information may include an element prediction identifier.

For example, the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the palette template, wherein the prediction identifier of the palette template is used to indicate a set of the matching elements in the palette template and the non-matching element set.

Or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, wherein the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element .

Alternatively, the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the target palette, wherein the prediction identifier of the target palette is used to indicate a first type element and/or a second type element in the set of the target elements.

Alternatively, the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the target palette, wherein the predicted identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element or a second type element.

Or the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, used to indicate that a matching element can be found in the palette template for the target palette Number.

Optionally, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information or second predicted location information.

The first predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target elements. The second predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target element. Optionally, the prediction information may further include first index information or second index information.

The first index information is used to indicate a corresponding position of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template; the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the palette template. Corresponding location.

Optionally, the prediction information may further include first predicted difference information or second predicted difference information.

The first predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and its matching elements in the palette template. The second predicted difference information is used to indicate a difference between the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template.

Optionally, the prediction information may further include prediction indication information.

The prediction indication information is used to indicate whether one of the first type of elements in the target palette is determined according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. The prediction indication information can be obtained by pre-processing the image, or it can be preset to always use the palette prediction method.

S23. Encode the target image block according to the set of target elements in the target palette of the predictive coding and an index table.

An index table is created for the signal component to which the target palette belongs. For a sample point in the target image block, a numerically closest element can be found in the palette template such that the element value has the smallest error from the sample value. At this point, the value of the element in the palette template can be selected as the reconstructed value of the sample point, and the index value of the element (i.e., the reconstructed value) in the palette template can be determined. All of the sample points of the signal component of the target image block can be determined in a similar manner to their reconstructed values and determine the index value of the reconstructed value in the palette template. The index values of all the sample points constitute an index table. The palette template and index table information of the signal component to which the target palette belongs is written to the code stream.

In addition, before determining the prediction information of the target palette, the palette mode can also be preset. Board. For example, during the codec process, the preset palette template is used.

Or after the predictive encoding of the target palette according to the prediction information, according to the target element in the set of target elements and the matching element in the palette template. The counter value updates the palette template. For example, updating the set of the non-matching elements in the palette template by using the at least one second class element in the target palette; using the target element in the target palette, Update the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template. In this way, the palette template used is updated in real time.

Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention predictively encodes the target palette by, for example, predicting information to reduce the encoding overhead of the target palette, thereby further improving the compression efficiency of the video image in the palette encoding mode.

3 to 5 illustrate a decoder for realizing a decoding method of a target image block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the decoder 30 includes a receiving unit 31, a first determining unit 32, a second determining unit 33, and a decoding unit 34. among them:

The receiving unit 31 is configured to obtain prediction information of a target palette from a code stream of the received target image block, where the target image block is an image block in a palette encoding mode, and the target color palette is a set of target elements, each of the set of target elements being a representative value determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least a first class element and/or at least one second class element, the first class element being a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, the second class element not being according to the palette template The target element determined by the matching element;

The first determining unit 32 is configured to determine, according to the prediction information received by the receiving unit 31, a set of matching elements in the palette template, where the palette template is composed of a matching element and/or a set of non-matching elements, the set of matching elements including at least one matching element, the matching element being an element for matching the first type of element, the value of the first type of element and the value of the matching element The absolute value of the difference is less than a predetermined value, the set of non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, and the non-matching element is unable to communicate with the first The element that the class element matches;

The second determining unit 33 is configured to determine, according to the prediction information, the set of the matching elements determined by the first determining unit 32, the set of the target elements;

The decoding unit 34 is configured to decode the target image block according to the set of the target elements determined by the second determining unit 33.

When the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, the first determining unit 32 is configured to determine a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the element prediction identifier.

Specifically, the first determining unit 32 is configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the palette template, determine, according to the prediction identifier of the palette template, in the palette template. A set of matching elements, wherein the predictive identifier of the palette template is used to indicate a set of the matching elements in the palette template and a set of the non-matching elements.

Then, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate that the first type of elements corresponding to the set of matching elements respectively a position in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: a prediction identifier of the board template, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements and a location thereof; from the target image block Obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements in the code stream.

Or, when the set of the matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate that the first type of elements corresponding to the set of matching elements respectively a position in the set of target elements; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: predict the identifier according to the element And determining, by the first predicted location information and the set of matching elements, a value of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements and a location thereof.

Or, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: : sorted in ascending or descending order of numerical values, based on the element prediction identifier And a set of the matching elements, determining a value of all of the target elements in the set of the target elements and a location thereof.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes first predicted difference information, wherein the first predicted difference information is used to indicate each of the at least one first type element in the target palette and a difference value of matching elements in the palette template; the second determining unit

33 is configured to: adjust a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements according to the first predicted difference information.

Optionally, the first determining unit 32 is configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, determine, according to the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template, the color to be determined a matching element in the board template, the determined all of the matching elements forming a set of the matching elements, wherein the predicted identifier of the element in the palette template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is Matching elements or non-matching elements.

Then, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate that the first type element corresponding to the matching element is in the target element a position in the set; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the palette Determining, by the predicted identifier of the element in the template, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; from the target image block Obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements in the code stream.

Or, when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate that the first type element corresponding to the matching element is in the target element a position in the set; when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the palette template A prediction identifier of the medium element, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements.

Or when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second The determining unit 33 is configured to: arrange the values of all the target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements according to the ascending or descending order of the numerical values.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second predicted difference information is used to indicate the first type of element in the target palette and its in the palette template The second determining unit 33 is further configured to: adjust a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements according to the second predicted difference information.

Optionally, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate a corresponding location of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template; The unit 32 is configured to: when the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, and the predicted identifier of the target palette indicates the at least one first type element in the target palette, Determining that all of the matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the palette template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template.

Then, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to:: predictive identifier according to the target color palette And determining, by the first index information and the set of matching elements, a value and a location of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements; acquiring the code from a code stream of the target image block The value of the at least one second type element in the set of target elements.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to:: according to the predicted identifier of the target color palette, And determining, by the first index information and the set of matching elements, a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of the target elements.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: sort in ascending or descending order according to the numerical value Determining, according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, a value of all target elements in the set of the target elements and a location thereof.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference The value information is used to indicate a difference between each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette and a matching element thereof in the palette template; the second determining unit

The method is further configured to: adjust, according to the first predicted difference information, a value of the at least one first type element in the set of the target elements.

Optionally, the prediction information further includes second index information, where the second index information is used to indicate a corresponding location of the matching element in the palette template; the first determining unit 32 is configured to: And when the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of an element in the target palette, and a prediction identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element, determining the A matching element of a corresponding position indicated by the second index information in the palette template, all of the determined matching elements constitute a set of the matching elements in the palette template.

Then, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the elements in the target palette Determining an identifier, the second index information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements; obtaining from a code stream of the target image block a value of the at least one second type of element in the set of target elements.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: predict according to elements in the target color palette And the identifier, the second index information, and the set of matching elements determine a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements.

Furthermore, the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second predicted difference information is used to indicate the first type of element in the target palette and its in the palette template The second determining unit 33 is further configured to: adjust, according to the second predicted difference information, the at least one first category in the set of the target elements The value of the element.

Optionally, the prediction information further includes first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate a corresponding location of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template; a determining unit 32 is configured to: when the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determining the palette All matching elements of the corresponding position indicated by the first index information in the template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template The number is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

Then, the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first class element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target elements; The number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, and the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the set of the matching elements in the palette template Determining a number of the matching elements, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; from the target image Obtaining a value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements in a code stream of the block.

Or the prediction information further includes first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the set of the matching elements in the set of the target element; The number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, and the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the set of the matching elements in the palette template The number of matching elements, the first predicted location information, and the set of matching elements determine a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements.

Optionally, the prediction information further includes second index information, where the second index information is used to indicate a corresponding location of the matching element in the palette template; the first determining unit 32 is configured to: : when the element prediction identifier is the number of the matching elements in the set of the matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, sequentially determining that the palette template is a matching element of the corresponding location indicated by the second index information, all of the determined matching elements forming a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the set of matching elements in the palette template is The number of matching elements is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

Then, the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements; when the matching element The number of matching elements in the set is less than the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, and the second determining unit 33 is configured to: according to the set of the matching elements in the palette template Determining, by the number of matching elements, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements; a code from the target image block The value of the at least one second type element in the set of the target elements is obtained in the stream.

Or the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements; when the matching element The number of matching elements in the set is equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, and the second determining unit 33 is configured to: match the matches in the set of matching elements in the palette template A number of elements, the second predicted location information, and the set of matching elements, determining a value and a location of the at least one first class element in the set of target elements.

Or, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of the target elements, the second determining unit 33 is configured to: A small ascending or descending order, determining a value of all target elements in the set of the target elements and their positions according to the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements.

Further, the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether there is a set of the first type element in the target palette according to the prediction information and the matching element. And ok.

The decoder 40 shown in FIG. 4 further includes a first preset unit 35, configured to preset the color before determining the set of matching elements in the palette template according to the prediction information. Board template.

The decoder 50 shown in FIG. 5 further includes: a first updating unit 36, configured to determine, according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements, the set of the target elements, according to the target element Updating the palette template by the target element in the collection and a counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template.

The first updating unit 36 is specifically configured to: update, by using the at least one second type element in the target color palette, a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; The target element in the swatch updates a counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template.

Embodiments of the present invention predictively encode a target palette by, for example, predicting information to reduce the encoding overhead of the target palette, thereby further improving the compression efficiency of the video image in the palette encoding mode.

6 to 8 illustrate coding of a coding method of a target image block implementing an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 6, the encoder 60 includes a construction unit 61, a pre-processing unit 62, and an encoding unit 63. among them:

The construction unit 61 is configured to construct a target palette, wherein the target palette is a target element a set of the target elements, wherein each of the target elements is a representative value determined based on a sample point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one a class of elements and/or at least one second class element, the first class element being a target element that needs to be determined according to a matching element in the palette template, the second class element not being based on a match in the palette template The target element determined by the element;

The pre-processing unit 62 is configured to determine prediction information of the target palette constructed by the construction unit 61, and predictively encode the target palette according to the prediction information, so as to determine the target palette. a set of matching elements of the at least one first class element in the palette template, wherein the palette template is composed of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, the matching elements The set includes at least one matching element, the matching element is an element for matching the first type of element, and an absolute value of a difference between a value of the first type element and a value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, the non-matching The set of elements includes at least one non-matching element, the non-matching element being an element that cannot match the first type of element;

The encoding unit 63 is configured to encode the target image block according to the set of the target elements in the target palette that is predicted by the pre-processing unit 62 and the index table.

The prediction information includes an element prediction identifier, where the element prediction identifier is a prediction identifier of the palette template, where the prediction identifier of the palette template is used to indicate the a set of matching elements and a set of the non-matching elements; or the element prediction identifier is a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template, wherein a predicted identifier of an element in the palette template is used to indicate the tone The element in the swatch template is a matching element or a non-matching element; or the element predictive identifier is a predicted identifier of the target palette, wherein the predicted identifier of the target palette is used to indicate the target element a first type of element and/or a second type of element in the set; or the element predictive identifier is a predicted identifier of the element in the target palette, wherein the predicted identifier of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate The target element is a first type element or a second type element; or the element prediction identifier is the one of the set of the matching elements in the palette template Number of elements, for indicating the color palette of the target number of matching elements can be found in the palette of templates.

In addition, the prediction information may further include first predicted location information, where the first predicted location information is used to indicate that the first class element corresponding to the set of matching elements respectively is in the target element Or the prediction information further includes second predicted location information, where the second predicted location information is used to indicate a location of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of the target elements.

In addition, the prediction information may further include first index information, where the first index information is used to indicate a corresponding position of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template; or the prediction information is further The second index information is included, wherein the second index information is used to indicate a corresponding position of the matching element in the palette template.

Furthermore, the prediction information may further include first predicted difference information, wherein the first predicted difference information is used to indicate that each of the at least one first type of elements in the target palette is a difference value of the matching elements in the palette template; or the prediction information further includes second predicted difference information, wherein the second predicted difference information is used to indicate the number in the target palette The difference between a class of elements and their matching elements in the palette template.

In addition, the prediction information may further include prediction indication information, where the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether one of the first class elements in the target palette is determined according to the prediction information and the set of matching elements. .

The encoder 70 shown in Fig. 7 further includes a second preset unit 64 for presetting the palette template before the prediction information of the target palette is determined.

The encoder 80 shown in FIG. 8 further includes a second updating unit 65, configured to: according to the target in the set of target elements after the predictive encoding of the target palette according to the prediction information The palette template is updated by an element and a counter value corresponding to the matching element in the palette template.

For example, the second updating unit 65 is specifically configured to: update, by using the at least one second class element in the target color palette, a set of the non-matching elements in the palette template; The target element in the swatch updates a counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template.

It should be understood that the solution described in each of the claims of the present invention should also be regarded as an implementation. For example, and the features in the claims may be combined, the steps of the different branches of the execution after the determining step in the present invention may be used as different embodiments.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technology solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods for implementing the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

A person skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the system, the device and the unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the unit is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be electrical, mechanical or otherwise.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as the units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located at one place, or may be distributed to a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

The functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part contributing to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a The storage medium includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

The above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. It should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

claims

1. A method for decoding target image blocks, characterized by including:

Obtain the prediction information of the target palette from the code stream of the received target image block, where the target image block is an image block using the palette encoding mode, and the target palette is a set of target elements, Each target element in the set of target elements is a representative value determined based on a sampling point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first type element and/or at least one second type element. The first type element is a target element that needs to be determined based on the matching elements in the palette template. The second type element does not need to be determined based on the matching elements in the palette template. target element;

According to the prediction information, a set of matching elements in the palette template is determined, wherein the palette template consists of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, and the set of matching elements includes At least one matching element, the matching element is an element used to match the first type of element, the absolute value of the difference between the value of the first type element and the value of the matching element is less than a predetermined value, and the non-matching element The set includes at least one non-matching element, where the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element;

Determine the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements; decode the target image block based on the set of target elements.

2. The decoding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier;

Determining a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the prediction information includes:

Based on the element prediction identification, a set of matching elements in the palette template is determined.

3. The decoding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: determining a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the element prediction identifier includes:

When the element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the palette template, a set of matching elements in the palette template is determined according to the pre-identification of the palette template, wherein the palette The prediction identification of the template is used to indicate the set of matching elements and the set of non-matching elements in the palette template.

4. The decoding method according to claim 3, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the set of matching elements in the set of target elements;

When the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements. , include:

Determine the number of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the prediction identification of the palette template, the first prediction position information and the set of matching elements. value and its position;

Obtain the value of the at least one second type element in the set of target elements from the code stream of the target image block.

5. The decoding method according to claim 3, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the set of matching elements in the set of target elements;

When the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements, include:

According to the element prediction identifier, the first predicted position information and the set of matching elements, the value and position of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements are determined.

6. The decoding method according to claim 3, characterized in that when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the set of target elements The number of target elements in , and determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements includes:

Arranged in ascending or descending order of numerical value, and based on the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, the values and positions of all the target elements in the set of target elements are determined.

7. The decoding method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements includes:

Adjust the value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the first prediction difference information.

8. The decoding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: determining a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the element prediction identifier includes:

When the predicted identification of the element is the predicted identification of the element in the palette template, matching elements in the palette template are determined sequentially according to the predicted identification of the element in the palette template, and all the determined elements are The matching elements constitute a set of the matching elements, wherein the predicted identification of the elements in the palette template is used to indicate whether the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element.

9. The decoding method according to claim 8, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements; When the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements. , include:

Determine the value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the predicted identification of the element in the palette template, the second predicted position information packet, and the set of matching elements. and location;

10. The decoding method according to claim 8, characterized in that when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information also includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate The position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements;

Determine the value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the predicted identification of the element in the palette template, the second predicted position information packet, and the set of matching elements. and location.

1 1. The decoding method according to claim 8, characterized in that when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of the target elements The number of target elements in the set, and determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements includes:

Arranged in ascending or descending order of numerical magnitude, and based on the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, determine the values and positions of all target elements in the set of target elements.

12. The decoding method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the The difference between the first type element in the target palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Adjust the value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the second prediction difference information.

13. The decoding method according to claim 2, wherein the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate where all matching elements in the set of matching elements are located. The corresponding position in the palette template;

Determining a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the element prediction identification includes:

When the element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the target palette, and the prediction identification of the target palette indicates the at least one first type element in the target palette, determine the All matching elements at corresponding positions indicated by the first index information in the palette template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template.

14. The decoding method according to claim 13, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the decoding method according to the The set of prediction information and the matching elements determines the set of target elements, including:

Determine the value and position of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the predicted identification of the target palette, the first index information and the set of matching elements;

15. The decoding method according to claim 13, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the decoding method according to the The set of prediction information and the matching elements determines the set of target elements, including:

Determine the value and position of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the predicted identification of the target palette, the first index information and the set of matching elements.

16. The decoding method according to claim 13, characterized in that when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the Determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements includes:

17. The decoding method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the target palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Determining the at least one first type element in the set of target elements based on the predicted identification of the target palette, the first index information and the set of matching elements includes:

18. The decoding method according to claim 2, wherein the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate that the matching element is in the palette template corresponding position;

When the element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the element in the target palette, and the target The predicted identification of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element, and the matching elements at the corresponding positions indicated by the second index information in the palette template are determined in turn, and the determined All of the matching elements constitute the set of the matching elements in the palette template.

19. The decoding method according to claim 18, characterized in that when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the The prediction information and the set of matching elements are determined to determine the set of target elements, including:

Determine the numerical sum of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements based on the predicted identification of the element in the target palette, the second index information packet, and the set of matching elements. Location;

20. The decoding method according to claim 18, characterized in that, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the prediction based on The set of information and the matching elements determines the set of target elements, including:

Determine the numerical sum of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements based on the predicted identification of the element in the target palette, the second index information packet, and the set of matching elements. Location.

21. The decoding method according to claim 18, characterized in that, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the method according to The prediction information and the set of matching elements determine the set of target elements, including:

22. The decoding method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the The difference between the first type element in the target palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Determining the at least one first type element in the set of target elements based on the predicted identification of the element in the target palette, the second index information packet, and the set of matching elements, include:

According to the second prediction difference information, adjust the value of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements.

23. The decoding method according to claim 2, wherein the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate where all matching elements in the set of matching elements are located. The corresponding position in the palette template;

Determine the matching element in the palette template according to the element prediction identifier. Collection, including:

When the element prediction identifier is the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, it is determined that the first element in the palette template is All matching elements at corresponding positions indicated by the index information constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, where the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate the The number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template in the target palette.

24. The decoding method according to claim 23, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element in the set of said target elements;

Determine the at least one of the set of target elements according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted position information and the set of matching elements. The value and position of the first type element;

25. The decoding method according to claim 23, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element in the set of said target elements;

Determine the at least one of the set of target elements according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted position information and the set of matching elements. The value and position of the first type element.

26. The decoding method according to claim 23, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the The prediction information and the set of matching elements are determined to determine the set of target elements, including:

27. The decoding method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Determining the target element based on the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the first predicted position information and the set of matching elements. The at least one first-type element in the set includes:

28. The decoding method according to claim 2, wherein the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate the position of the matching element in the palette template. Corresponding position;

When the element prediction identifier is the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determine the number of matching elements in the palette template in turn. The matching elements at the corresponding positions indicated by the two index information, all the determined matching elements constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the set of matching elements in the palette template is described in The number of matching elements is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

29. The decoding method according to claim 28, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate where the first type element corresponding to the matching element is located. Describes the position of the target element in the collection;

Determine the at least one of the set of target elements according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted position information and the set of matching elements. The value and position of the first type element;

30. The decoding method according to claim 28, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate where the first type element corresponding to the matching element is located. Describes the position of the target element in the collection;

Determine the at least one of the set of target elements according to the number of the matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted position information and the set of matching elements. The value and position of the first type element.

31. The decoding method according to claim 28, characterized in that when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the a set of the prediction information and the matching elements, and determining a set of the target elements, including:

Arrange in ascending or descending order of numerical value, predict identification and matching according to the element A set of elements, determine the values and positions of all target elements in the set of target elements.

32. The decoding method according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between the first type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

Determining the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, the second predicted position information and the set of matching elements, determining the number of matching elements in the set of target elements. At least one element of the first type, including:

33. The decoding method according to any one of claims 2 to 32, characterized in that the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, and the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether there is one in the target palette. The first type of elements can be determined based on the set of the prediction information and the matching elements.

34. The decoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that, before determining the set of matching elements in the palette template according to the prediction information, it further includes:

Preset the palette template.

35. The decoding method according to any one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that, after determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements, it further includes:

The palette template is updated according to the counter value corresponding to the target element in the set of target elements and the matching element in the palette template.

36. The decoding method according to claim 35, wherein the updating of the palette template includes:

Using the at least one second type element in the target palette, update the set of non-matching elements in the palette template;

Using the target element in the target palette, the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template is updated respectively.

37. A coding method for target image blocks, characterized by including:

Constructing a target palette, wherein the target palette is a set of target elements, and each target element in the set of target elements is determined based on the sampling point value of a signal component of the target image block and has Representative values, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first type element and/or at least one second type element, and the first type element is a target element that needs to be determined based on matching elements in the palette template , the second type of element does not need to be a target element determined based on the matching elements in the palette template;

Determine prediction information of the target palette, and perform predictive coding on the target palette according to the prediction information, so as to determine whether the at least one first type element in the target palette is in the tone. A collection of matching elements in a palette template consisting of matching elements It consists of a set of elements and/or a set of non-matching elements. The set of matching elements includes at least one matching element. The matching element is an element used to match the first type of element. The value of the first type of element. The absolute value of the difference between the numerical values of its matching elements is less than a predetermined value, the set of non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, and the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element;

The target image block is encoded according to the set of target elements and an index table in the predictively encoded target palette.

38. The encoding method according to claim 37, wherein the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier,

The element prediction identification is a prediction identification of the palette template, wherein the prediction identification of the palette template is used to indicate the difference between the set of matching elements in the palette template and the non-matching element. collection; or

The element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the element in the palette template, wherein the prediction identification of the element in the palette template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element. ; or

The element prediction identification is a prediction identification of the target palette, wherein the prediction identification of the target palette is used to indicate a first type of element and/or a second type of element in the set of target elements; or

The element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the element in the target palette, wherein the prediction identification of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element or a second type element; or

The element prediction identifier is the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, used to indicate that matching elements can be found in the palette template for the target palette. number.

39. The encoding method according to claim 38, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element within the set of said target elements; or

The prediction information also includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate the position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements.

40. The encoding method according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that,

The prediction information also includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate the corresponding positions of all matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template; or

The prediction information also includes second index information, where the second index information is used to indicate the corresponding position of the matching element in the palette template.

41. The encoding method according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template; or The prediction information also includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template. difference.

42. The encoding method according to any one of claims 38 to 41, characterized in that the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, and the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether there is a color in the target palette. The first type of elements can be determined based on the set of the prediction information and the matching elements.

43. The encoding method according to any one of claims 37 to 42, characterized in that, before determining the prediction information of the target palette, it further includes:

Preset the palette template.

44. The encoding method according to any one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that, after performing predictive encoding on the target palette according to the prediction information, further comprising: The counter value corresponding to the target element in the set and the matching element in the palette template is updated to update the palette template.

45. The encoding method according to claim 44, wherein the updating of the palette template includes:

Using the target element in the target palette, update the counter value corresponding to the element in the palette template.

46. A decoder, characterized in that it includes:

The receiving unit is configured to obtain the prediction information of the target palette from the code stream of the received target image block, wherein the target image block is an image block using the palette encoding mode, and the target palette is A set of target elements, each target element in the set of target elements is a representative value determined based on the sampling point value of a signal component of the target image block, wherein the set of target elements includes at least A first-type element and/or at least one second-type element. The first-type element is a target element that needs to be determined based on the matching elements in the palette template. The second-type element does not need to be determined based on the matching elements in the palette template. The target element determined by the matching elements; a first determination unit, configured to determine a set of matching elements in the palette template according to the prediction information received by the receiving unit, wherein the palette template is composed of Composed of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, the set of matching elements includes at least one matching element, the matching element is an element used to match the first type of element, and the first type of element The absolute value of the difference between the numerical value and the numerical value of its matching elements is less than a predetermined value, the set of non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, and the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element;

a second determination unit, configured to determine the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements determined by the first determination unit;

A decoding unit, configured to decode the target image block according to the set of target elements determined by the second determination unit.

47. The decoder according to claim 46, wherein the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier;

The first determining unit is used for:

48. The decoder according to claim 47, characterized in that the first determination unit is specifically used to:

49. The decoding method according to claim 48, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the set of matching elements in the set of target elements;

When the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determining unit is specifically used to:

Determine the value and position of the at least one first type element in the set of target elements according to the prediction identification of the palette template, the first prediction position information and the set of matching elements;

50. The decoder according to claim 48, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the set of matching elements in the set of target elements;

When the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determining unit is specifically used to:

51. The decoder according to claim 48, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the set of target elements The number of target elements in , the second determination unit is specifically used to:

Arranged in ascending or descending order of numerical magnitude, and based on the element prediction identifier and the set of matching elements, the values and positions of all the target elements in the set of target elements are determined.

52. The decoder according to any one of claims 49 to 51, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target Each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its location The difference between matching elements in the palette template;

The second determination unit is also used to:

53. The decoder according to claim 47, characterized in that the first determining unit is specifically used to:

54. The decoder according to claim 53, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements;

Obtain the value and position of the at least one second type element in the set of target elements from the code stream of the target image block.

55. The decoder according to claim 53, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate the The position of the first type element corresponding to the matching element in the set of target elements;

56. The decoder according to claim 53, wherein when the set of matching elements is non-empty, when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the set of target elements The number of target elements in , the second determination unit is specifically used to:

57. The decoder according to any one of claims 54 to 56, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The first type of element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template the difference;

The second determination unit is also used to:

58. The decoder according to claim 47, wherein the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate that all matching elements in the set of matching elements are in the The corresponding position in the palette template;

The first determining unit is specifically used for:

When the element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the target palette, and the prediction identification of the target palette indicates the at least one first type element in the target palette, determine the color adjustment All matching elements at corresponding positions indicated by the first index information in the plate template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template.

59. The decoder according to claim 58, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determining unit Specifically used for:

60. The decoder according to claim 58, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determination unit specifically Used for:

61. The decoder according to claim 58, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second Determine the unit specifically for:

62. The decoder according to any one of claims 59 to 61, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

The second determination unit is further used for:

63. The decoder according to claim 47, characterized in that the prediction information also includes including second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate the corresponding position of the matching element in the palette template;

The first determining unit is specifically used for:

When the element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the element in the target palette, and the prediction identification of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element, the adjustment is determined in turn. The matching elements at the corresponding positions indicated by the second index information in the color palette template, and all the determined matching elements constitute a set of the matching elements in the palette template.

64. The decoder according to claim 63, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determining unit Specifically used for:

65. The decoder according to claim 63, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second determination unit specifically Used for:

66. The decoder according to claim 63, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second Determine the unit specifically for:

67. The decoder according to any one of claims 64 to 66, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between the first type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

The second determining unit is further used for:

68. The decoder according to claim 47, wherein the prediction information further includes first index information, wherein the first index information is used to indicate that all matching elements in the set of matching elements are in the The corresponding position in the palette template;

The first determining unit is specifically used for:

When the element prediction is identified as described in the set of matching elements in the palette template The number of matching elements, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determines that all matching elements at the corresponding positions indicated by the first index information in the palette template constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template , wherein the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

69. The decoder according to claim 68, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element in the set of said target elements;

70. The decoder according to claim 68, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element in the set of said target elements;

71. The decoder according to claim 68, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second Determine the unit specifically for:

72. The decoder according to any one of claims 69 to 71, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

The second determination unit is also used to:

73. The decoder according to claim 47, wherein the prediction information further includes second index information, wherein the second index information is used to indicate the position of the matching element in the palette template. Corresponding position;

The first determining unit is specifically used for: When the element prediction identifier is the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements in the palette template, and the number is greater than or equal to 1, determine in turn the number of matching elements in the palette template consisting of the The matching elements at corresponding positions indicated by the two index information, all the determined matching elements constitute a set of matching elements in the palette template, wherein the set of matching elements in the palette template is described in The number of matching elements is used to indicate the number of matching elements that can be found in the palette template for the target palette.

74. The decoder according to claim 73, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate where the first type element corresponding to the matching element is located. Describes the position of the target element in the collection;

75. The decoder according to claim 73, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction position information, and the second prediction position information is used to indicate where the first type element corresponding to the matching element is located. Describes the position of the target element in the collection;

76. The decoder according to claim 73, wherein when the number of matching elements in the set of matching elements is less than or equal to the number of target elements in the set of target elements, the second Determine the unit specifically for:

77. The decoder according to any one of claims 74 to 76, wherein the prediction information further includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between the first type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template;

The second determination unit is also used to:

78. The decoder according to any one of claims 47 to 77, characterized in that the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether there is one in the target palette. The first type of element can be matched with the matching element according to the prediction information Determined by the collection of elements.

79. The decoder according to any one of claims 46 to 78, further comprising:

A first preset unit configured to preset the palette template before determining a set of matching elements in the palette template based on the prediction information.

80. The decoder according to any one of claims 46 to 79, further comprising:

A first update unit configured to, after determining the set of target elements based on the prediction information and the set of matching elements, based on the target elements in the set of target elements and the color adjustment The counter value corresponding to the matching element in the plate template is updated to update the palette template.

81. The decoder according to claim 80, characterized in that the first update unit is specifically used for:

82. An encoder, characterized in that it includes:

A construction unit configured to construct a target palette, wherein the target palette is a set of target elements, and each target element in the set of target elements is based on a sample of a signal component of the target image block. A representative value determined by the point value, wherein the set of target elements includes at least one first type element and/or at least one second type element, and the first type element is required to match according to the palette template The target element determined by the element, the second type element does not need to be determined according to the target element in the palette template; information, and the target palette is predictively encoded according to the prediction information, so as to determine the a set of matching elements in the palette template for the at least one first type element in the target palette, wherein the palette template consists of a set of matching elements and/or a set of non-matching elements, The set of matching elements includes at least one matching element, the matching element is an element used to match the first type of element, and the absolute value of the difference between the numerical value of the first type element and the numerical value of its matching element is less than a predetermined value , the set of non-matching elements includes at least one non-matching element, and the non-matching element is an element that cannot match the first type of element;

A coding unit, configured to code the target image block according to the set of target elements and the index table in the target palette predicted and encoded by the preprocessing unit.

83. The encoder according to claim 82, wherein the prediction information includes an element prediction identifier,

The element prediction identification is a prediction identification of the palette template, wherein the prediction identification of the palette template is used to indicate the difference between the set of matching elements in the palette template and the non-matching element. collection; or The element prediction identification is the prediction identification of the element in the palette template, wherein the prediction identification of the element in the palette template is used to indicate that the element in the palette template is a matching element or a non-matching element. ; or

The element prediction identification is a prediction identification of an element in the target palette, wherein the prediction identification of the target element in the target palette is used to indicate that the target element is a first type element or a second type element; or

84. The encoder according to claim 83, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction position information, and the first prediction position information is used to indicate the first category corresponding to the set of matching elements. The position of the element within the set of said target elements; or

85. The encoder according to claim 83 or 84, characterized in that,

86. The encoder according to any one of claims 83 to 85, wherein the prediction information further includes first prediction difference information, wherein the first prediction difference information is used to indicate the target The difference between each first-type element in the at least one first-type element in the palette and its matching element in the palette template; or

The prediction information also includes second prediction difference information, wherein the second prediction difference information is used to indicate the first type of elements in the target palette and their matching elements in the palette template. difference.

87. The encoder according to any one of claims 83 to 86, wherein the prediction information further includes prediction indication information, and the prediction indication information is used to indicate whether there is one in the target palette. The first type of elements can be determined based on the set of the prediction information and the matching elements.

88. The encoder according to any one of claims 83 to 87, further comprising:

The second preset unit is configured to preset the palette template before determining the prediction information of the target palette.

89. The encoder according to any one of claims 82 to 88, characterized in that, further include:

A second update unit configured to perform predictive coding on the target palette based on the prediction information, based on the target elements in the set of target elements and all elements in the palette template. The counter value corresponding to the matching element is obtained, and the palette template is updated.

90. The encoder according to claim 89, characterized in that the second update unit is specifically used for: