WO2014206006A1 - 基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法 - Google Patents

基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法 Download PDF

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WO2014206006A1
WO2014206006A1 PCT/CN2013/088302 CN2013088302W WO2014206006A1 WO 2014206006 A1 WO2014206006 A1 WO 2014206006A1 CN 2013088302 W CN2013088302 W CN 2013088302W WO 2014206006 A1 WO2014206006 A1 WO 2014206006A1
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circuit breaker
vacuum circuit
waveform
capacitance
reactor
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PCT/CN2013/088302
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周志成
陶风波
刘洋
谢天喜
马勇
孙秋芹
吉亚民
李长益
张劲松
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国家电网公司
江苏省电力公司
江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院
江苏省电力公司检修分公司
江苏方天电力技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2014206006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014206006A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for suppressing the cutoff of a vacuum circuit breaker based on waveform analysis, and belongs to the technical field of high voltage power transmission and transformation.
  • the 10kV and 20kV shunt reactors use vacuum circuit breakers, and the 35kV shunt reactors use a small number of vacuum circuit breakers.
  • the vacuum circuit breakers have a simple structure, strong arc extinguishing capability, and frequent operation. It is easy to maintain, safe and reliable. However, when it uses its cut-off reactor, it is easy to generate high operating overvoltage due to shut-off and re-ignition, which poses a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the equipment.
  • the vacuum circuit breaker cut-off reactor operating overvoltage mainly has the cut-off overvoltage, re-ignition overvoltage and weight.
  • the equivalent circuit of the shunt reactor is based on capacitance and inductance. Mainly, the voltage and current of this equivalent circuit cannot be abruptly changed. The interception will inevitably cause the electromagnetic oscillation of the equivalent circuit to be violent, which will affect the normal operation of the shunt reactor and cause the fault to occur.
  • a method for intercepting and suppressing a vacuum circuit breaker based on waveform analysis characterized in that: the following steps are included,
  • Step (1) Extracting the voltage waveform when the vacuum circuit breaker opens the reactor, and determining whether there is high frequency interference in the voltage waveform. If yes, proceed to step (2); if not, enter step (3) ;
  • Step (2) Using the Kaiser window function to filter the voltage waveform with high frequency interference; Step (3) Reading the time and pull of the first peak after the two phases of the voltage waveform without high frequency interference are pulled apart The interval between the times of the second peak after the opening, the vibration of the reactor is obtained.
  • Z 7 ⁇
  • Z is the reactor inductance, is rated voltage, / is rated l nf N S N
  • Step (5) Calculate the capacitance parameters and resistance parameters required for the RC suppression device based on the equivalent capacitance C Q
  • Step (6) will determine (5) the capacitance parameter C' and the resistance parameter?
  • the device is connected in parallel on the reactor or busbar to suppress the vacuum circuit breaker's interception and re-ignition overvoltage.
  • the foregoing method for suppressing the cutoff of a vacuum circuit breaker based on waveform analysis is characterized in that: (2) using a Kaiser window function to filter a voltage waveform having high frequency interference as follows, the high frequency interference to be filtered out
  • the waveform diagram of the voltage waveform is combined with the spectrogram to adjust the parameter setting of the Kaiser window function, reduce the attenuation and phase shift of the voltage waveform, and filter out the uncorrelated frequency content.
  • the parameter setting of the Kaiser window function includes adjusting the attenuation coefficient. , the start and cutoff frequency range of the passband and stopband.
  • the foregoing method for suppressing the cutoff of a vacuum circuit breaker based on waveform analysis is characterized in that: (5) calculating a capacitance parameter C' required by the RC suppression device, which is calculated by the formula (2),
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the method for suppressing the cutoff of the vacuum circuit breaker based on the waveform analysis of the invention extracts the waveform of the vacuum circuit breaker when the reactor is pulled, and uses the Kaiser window filter to analyze and process, and calculates the equivalent by the oscillation period of the waveform. Capacitance, and using the equivalent capacitance to calculate the capacitance and resistance parameters of the RC capacitor, can effectively suppress the vacuum circuit breaker And re-ignition over-voltage, thus avoiding the violent electromagnetic oscillation of the equivalent circuit in the shunt reactor, and has a good application prospect.
  • Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for suppressing the cutoff of a vacuum circuit breaker based on waveform analysis of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an oscillation period of a read reactor of the present invention.
  • the method for suppressing the cutoff of the vacuum circuit breaker based on the waveform analysis first extracts the waveform when the vacuum circuit breaker opens the reactor, analyzes the processing by the Kaiser window filter, calculates the equivalent capacitance through the oscillation period of the waveform, and Using the equivalent capacitance to calculate the capacitance parameters and resistance parameters of the RC capacitor can effectively suppress the vacuum circuit breaker cutoff and re-ignition overvoltage.
  • the specific implementation steps are as follows.
  • Step (1) Extracting the voltage waveform when the vacuum circuit breaker pulls open the reactor, and determining whether there is high frequency interference in the voltage waveform. If yes, proceed to step (2); if not, enter step (3) Step (2) Use the Kaiser window function to filter out the high-frequency interference of the voltage waveform.
  • the form of the Kaiser window function can be expressed as: Equation (4)
  • is the difference between the main lobe value and the side lobe value of the Kaiser window function (dB);
  • the value of the main lobe width and the side lobe attenuation can be freely chosen; the larger the value, the smaller the side lobe value of the window function spectrum and the wider the main lobe width.
  • the Kaiser window function is used to perform spectrum analysis and high-low frequency band filtering on the extracted waveform, and the waveform diagram and the spectrogram of the voltage waveform for filtering high-frequency interference are combined to adjust the parameter setting, and the amplitude of the filtered time domain waveform is observed.
  • the value change determines the degree of waveform attenuation and phase shift, thereby adjusting the attenuation coefficient, and adjusting the start and cutoff frequency ranges of the passband and stopband in combination with the size of the main and sidelobe in the spectrogram, thereby reducing the attenuation and phase shift of the waveform.
  • Step (3) as shown in Fig. 2, reading the two phases after the high frequency interference voltage waveform is not opened The interval between the peak time and the time after the second peak is pulled, and the oscillation period T of the reactor is obtained.
  • Step (4) According to the oscillation period T, the equation (1) is substituted to calculate the equivalent capacitance C. ,
  • Step (5) According to the equivalent capacitance C Q , calculate the capacitance parameter C' and resistance parameter required for the RC suppression device? ', choose to consider the frequency and the range of conventional capacitance values, calculate the capacitance parameter C' required by the RC suppression device, calculated by the formula (2), c ⁇
  • Step (6) The capacitance-capacitance suppression device for determining the capacitance parameter C' and the resistance parameter?' is connected in parallel on the reactor or the busbar, which can effectively suppress the vacuum circuit breaker cut-off and re-ignition overvoltage, thereby avoiding the parallel reactance
  • the equivalent circuit in the device is violent electromagnetic oscillation, which has a good application prospect.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的波形,利用凯塞窗滤波分析处理,通过波形的振荡周期计算等效电容,并利用等效电容计算阻容抑制装置电容参数和电阻参数,能够有效的抑制真空断路器截流和重燃过电压,从而避免了并联电抗器内的等效回路剧烈电磁振荡。

Description

说 明 书
基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,属 于高电压输变电技术领域。
背景技术
目前, 10kV和 20kV的并联电抗器的投切均采用真空断路器, 而 35kV的并联电抗器的投切也少量使用真空断路器, 真空断路器具 有结构简单、灭弧能力强、可频繁操作、维护方便、安全可靠等优点, 但是在利用其切除电抗器时却极易因截流、重燃而产生很高的操作过 电压, 对设备的安全稳定运行造成严重威胁。
近年来,多次发生真空断路器投切并联电抗器操作过电压导致所 用变、母联开关闪络等故障, 真空断路器切除电抗器操作过电压主要 有截流过电压、复燃过电压和重燃过电压等情况, 真空断路器在开断 电抗器时, 因真空断路器的灭弧能力强, 会使电流强迫过零而产生截 流, 而并联电抗器的等效回路以电容、 电感为主, 这种等效回路的电 压电流是不能突变的, 截流必然引起等效回路剧烈电磁振荡, 影响并 联电抗器的正常工作, 导致故障发生。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的真空断路器在开断电抗器时,会使电流强 迫过零而产生截流, 从而引起并联电抗器的等效回路剧烈电磁振荡, 影响并联电抗器的正常工作, 导致故障发生的问题。本发明的基于波 形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,根据真空断路器投切电抗器时 测录的波形, 通过滤波分析, 计算选择确定阻容装置的参数, 设定后 的阻容装置安全可靠, 抑制截流过电压的效果明显, 从而避免了并联 电抗器内的等效回路剧烈电磁振荡, 具有良好的应用前景。
为了达到上述目的, 本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法, 其特征在于: 包括以下歩骤,
歩骤 (1 ) 提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的电压波形, 判断电压 波形是否存在高频干扰, 若存在, 则进入歩骤(2)处理; 若不存在, 则进入歩骤 (3 );
歩骤(2)利用凯塞窗函数对存在高频干扰的电压波形进行滤波; 歩骤 (3 ) 读取不存在高频干扰的电压波形的两相拉开后第一个 峰值的时间和拉开后第二个峰值的时间之间的间隔,得到电抗器的振
其中, Z = 7^「, Z为电抗器电感, 为额定电压, / 为额定 lnfN SN
率, 为额定容量;
歩骤 (5 ) 根据等效电容 CQ, 计算阻容抑制装置所需的电容参数 和电阻参数
歩骤(6)将歩骤(5 )确定过电容参数 C'和电阻参数 ?'的阻容抑 制装置, 并联在电抗器或母线上, 实现抑制真空断路器截流和重燃过 电压。
前述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,其特征在于: 歩骤 (2 ) 利用凯塞窗函数对存在高频干扰的电压波形进行滤波的方 法如下, 将待滤除高频干扰的电压波形的波形图和频谱图结合起来, 调节凯塞窗函数的参数设置, 减少电压波形的衰减和相移, 滤除不相 关的频率含量, 所述凯塞窗函数的参数设置包括调节衰减系数、通带 和阻带的起始、 截止频率范围。
前述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,其特征在于: 歩骤(5 )计算阻容抑制装置所需的电容参数 C', 通过公式(2 )计算 得到的,
C =
C。 公式 (2 ) 其中, 7为真空断路器加装阻容抑制装置后期望的振荡周期。 前述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法,其特征在于: 得到的,
R' 1 + , L I Cn 公式 ( 3 )
Figure imgf000005_0001
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流 抑制的方法, 提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的波形, 利用凯塞窗滤波 分析处理, 通过波形的振荡周期计算等效电容, 并利用等效电容计算 阻容抑制装置电容参数和电阻参数,能够有效的抑制真空断路器截流 和重燃过电压, 从而避免了并联电抗器内的等效回路剧烈电磁振荡, 具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法的 流程图。
图 2是本发明的读取电抗器的振荡周期的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合说明书附图, 对本发明作进一歩的说明。
如图 1所示, 基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法, 首先 提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的波形, 利用凯塞窗滤波分析处理, 通 过波形的振荡周期计算等效电容,并利用等效电容计算阻容抑制装置 电容参数和电阻参数,能够有效的抑制真空断路器截流和重燃过电压, 具体实现歩骤如下,
歩骤 (1 ) 提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的电压波形, 判断电压 波形是否存在高频干扰, 若存在, 则进入歩骤(2 )处理; 若不存在, 则进入歩骤 (3 ) ; 歩骤 (2 ) 利用凯塞窗函数滤除电压波形的高频干扰, 凯塞窗函 数 时 形式可表示为: 公式 ( 4 )
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中, 为自变量, /。( 是第 1类变形零阶贝塞尔函数, N为窗 函数长度, ? 是窗函数的形状参数, 由下式确定: 0. 1102(α - 8. 7) , a > 50
0. 5482(α - 2 i 4 + 0. 07886(α - 21) , 21 < α < 50 公式(5 )
0, a < 21 其中, α为凯塞窗函数的主瓣值和旁瓣值之间的差值 (dB); 改变 ?的取值, 可以对主瓣宽度和旁瓣衰减进行自由选择; 的值越大, 窗函数频谱的旁瓣值就越小, 而其主瓣宽度就越宽。 运用凯塞窗函数对提取出的波形进行频谱分析及高低频段的滤 波,将滤除高频干扰的电压波形的波形图和频谱图结合起来调节参数 设置,通过观察滤波后时域波形图的幅值变化判断波形衰减和相移的 程度, 从而调节衰减系数, 同时结合频谱图中主瓣和旁瓣的大小调节 通带和阻带的起始、 截止频率范围, 从而减少波形的衰减和相移, 以 及滤除不相关的频率含量, 最终得到滤除高频干扰后的波形图; 歩骤(3 ), 如图 2所示, 读取不存在高频干扰电压波形的两相拉 开后第一个峰值的时间和拉开后第二个峰值的时间之间的间隔,得到 电抗器的振荡周期 T; 歩骤 (4) 根据振荡周期 T, 代入公式 (1 ), 计算等效电容 C。,
T2
Figure imgf000007_0001
U
其中, N
L = Z为电抗器电感, ^为额定电压, / 为额定 频率, 为额定容量; 歩骤 (5 ) 根据等效电容 CQ, 计算阻容抑制装置所需的电容参数 C'和电阻参数 ?',选择考虑频率和常规电容取值范围,计算阻容抑制 装置所需的电容参数 C', 通过公式 (2) 计算得到的, c ■
ζ∑ 公式 (2 )
1 + 公式 ( 3 )
Figure imgf000008_0001
歩骤 (6 ) 将确定电容参数 C'和电阻参数 ?'的阻容抑制装置, 并 联在电抗器或母线上,能够有效的实现抑制真空断路器截流和重燃过 电压, 从而避免了并联电抗器内的等效回路剧烈电磁振荡, 具有良好 的应用前景。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业 的技术人员应该了解, 本发明不受上述实 艰制, 上述实施例和 说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围 的前提下, 本发明还会有各种变化和改进, 这些变化和改进都落入要 求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及 其等效物界定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法, 其特征在于: 包括以下歩骤,
歩骤 (1 ) 提取真空断路器拉开电抗器时的电压波形, 判断电压 波形是否存在高频干扰, 若存在, 则进入歩骤(2)处理; 若不存在, 则进入歩骤 (3 );
歩骤(2)利用凯塞窗函数对存在高频干扰的电压波形进行滤波; 歩骤 (3 ) 读取不存在高频干扰的电压波形的两相拉开后第一个 峰值的时间和拉开后第二个峰值的时间之间的间隔,得到电抗器的振 荡周期 T;
歩骤 (4) 根据公式 (1 ), 计算等效电容 C。,
其中, z = 77^7「, Z为电抗器电感, 为额定电压, 为额定 频率, 为额定容量;
歩骤 (5 ) 根据等效电容 CQ, 计算阻容抑制装置所需的电容参数 C'和电阻参数
歩骤(6)将歩骤(5 )确定过电容参数 C'和电阻参数 ?'的阻容抑 制装置, 并联在电抗器或母线上, 实现抑制真空断路器截流和重燃过 电压。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制 的方法, 其特征在于: 歩骤 (2) 利用凯塞窗函数对存在高频干扰的 电压波形进行滤波的方法如下,将待滤除高频干扰的电压波形的波形 图和频谱图结合起来, 调节凯塞窗函数的参数设置, 减少电压波形的 衰减和相移, 滤除不相关的频率含量, 所述凯塞窗函数的参数设置包 括调节衰减系数、 通带和阻带的起始、 截止频率范围。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制 的方法,其特征在于:歩骤 (5 )计算阻容抑制装置所需的电容参数 C', 通过公式 (2) 计算得到的,
-c,、
u 公式 (2) 其中, 7为真空断路器加装阻容抑制装置后期望的振荡周期。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制 通过公式 (3 ) 计算得到的,
Figure imgf000010_0001
式 (3 )'
PCT/CN2013/088302 2013-06-24 2013-12-02 基于波形分析的真空断路器截流抑制的方法 WO2014206006A1 (zh)

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