WO2014201616A1 - 光组件、激光器、光网络系统以及监测方法 - Google Patents

光组件、激光器、光网络系统以及监测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201616A1
WO2014201616A1 PCT/CN2013/077366 CN2013077366W WO2014201616A1 WO 2014201616 A1 WO2014201616 A1 WO 2014201616A1 CN 2013077366 W CN2013077366 W CN 2013077366W WO 2014201616 A1 WO2014201616 A1 WO 2014201616A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
optical signal
reflected
power
transmitted
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PCT/CN2013/077366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王磊
周小平
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/077366 priority Critical patent/WO2014201616A1/zh
Priority to EP13887207.2A priority patent/EP2999063A4/en
Priority to KR1020167000635A priority patent/KR101886289B1/ko
Priority to CN201380000835.0A priority patent/CN105210247A/zh
Priority to JP2016520215A priority patent/JP6338656B2/ja
Publication of WO2014201616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201616A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
    • H01S5/06825—Protecting the laser, e.g. during switch-on/off, detection of malfunctioning or degradation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
    • H01S5/0683—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the optical output parameters
    • H01S5/0687—Stabilising the frequency of the laser
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
    • H01S5/141—External cavity lasers using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/572—Wavelength control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0282—WDM tree architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
    • H01S2301/02—ASE (amplified spontaneous emission), noise; Reduction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
    • H01S5/0625—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in multi-section lasers
    • H01S5/06255—Controlling the frequency of the radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an optical component, a laser, an optical network system, and a monitoring method.
  • TWDM passive optical network has been initially identified as the standard architecture for next-generation passive optical networks.
  • TWDM One of the key technologies in PON is to implement a dimmable network unit.
  • the tunable network unit is the tunable laser with wavelength tunability.
  • distributed Bragg mirrors are commonly used for applications with a small tuning range (Distributed) Feedback Reflector, DBR) laser.
  • DBR Distributed Feedback Reflector
  • the existing DBR laser is calibrated before leaving the factory to meet the operating conditions of the DRB laser. After leaving the factory, the appropriate operating current of each segment is selected by looking up the table to set the DBR laser to the target operating wavelength.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optical component, a laser, an optical network system, and a monitoring method, which can easily and effectively monitor the side mode suppression ratio.
  • the first aspect provides an optical component, the optical component comprising: a filter, a first detector, a second detector, an optical beam splitter, and a processor, wherein an input end of the optical beam splitter is connected to one end of the filter, and the light is The output end of the beam splitter is connected to the input end of the first detector, and the other end of the filter is connected to the input end of the second detector, and the processor is respectively connected to the output end of the first detector and the output end of the second detector a filter, wherein the filter is configured to reflect and transmit the incident optical signal such that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter, and the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector; the optical beam splitter is configured to The optical signal reflected by the filter is divided into at least two reflected optical signals, and the optical signal reflected by any one of the at least two reflected optical signals is incident on the first detector; the first detector is configured to monitor the optical splitting The reflected optical signal sent by the device obtains the optical power of the reflected optical signal, and transmits
  • the processor adjusts the current value of the injected current, and thereby adjusts the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal, so that the reflected The ratio of the optical power of the optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimal.
  • the optical beam splitter is a Y-shaped splitter, a multi-mode interference coupler, or an obliquely split etched slot.
  • a second aspect provides a laser comprising: a phase region, a gain region, and an optical component as described above.
  • the processor in the optical component is specifically configured to: when the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal does not reach a minimum, Adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal by adjusting the current value of the injection current in the phase region; the phase region is used to adjust the current incident to the optical component by adjusting the current value of the injected current.
  • the optical power of the optical signal is such that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized.
  • a third aspect provides an optical network system, the optical network system including at least: an optical line terminal, an optical distribution network, and an optical network unit, wherein the optical line terminal is connected to the optical network unit through the optical distribution network, wherein the optical line terminal and/or the optical
  • the network unit includes an optical component as described above.
  • a fourth aspect provides a monitoring method for applying to a laser, the monitoring method comprising: reflecting and transmitting an incident optical signal; dividing a reflected optical signal into at least two reflected optical signals; monitoring at least two beams An optical signal reflected by any one of the reflected optical signals obtains optical power of the reflected optical signal; monitors the transmitted optical signal to obtain optical power of the transmitted optical signal; adjusts optical power of the reflected optical signal and transmitted light
  • the optical power of the signal is such that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized.
  • adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal specifically includes: determining the optical power and the transmitted light of the reflected optical signal. When the ratio of the optical power of the signal does not reach a minimum, the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal are adjusted by adjusting the current value of the injected current.
  • the present invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention reflects and transmits the incident optical signal through the filter, so that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter, and the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector.
  • the beam splitter splits the optical signal reflected by the filter into at least two reflected optical signals, and optical signals reflected by any one of the beams are incident on the first detector, and the first detector monitors the reflected light transmitted by the optical beam splitter
  • the signal transmits the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the processor, and the second detector monitors the transmitted optical signal sent by the filter, and transmits the power of the transmitted optical signal to the processor, and the processor adjusts the reflected optical signal by
  • the optical power and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal minimize the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal.
  • the present invention can effectively monitor the side mode suppression ratio and prolong the service life of the laser.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical component according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a monitoring method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical module 10 of the present invention includes a filter 101, a first detector 102, a second detector 103, an optical beam splitter 104, and a processor 105.
  • the input end of the optical beam splitter 104 is connected to one end of the filter 101
  • the output end of the optical beam splitter 104 is connected to the input end of the first detector 102
  • the other end of the filter 101 and the second detector 103 are The input terminals are connected
  • the processor 105 is connected to the output of the first detector 102 and the output of the second detector 103, respectively.
  • the filter 101 is configured to reflect and transmit the incident optical signal such that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter 104, and the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector 103.
  • the filter 104 can be a distributed Bragg reflector (Distributed) Bragg Reflector (DBR) or arrayed waveguide grating (AWG).
  • DBR distributed Bragg reflector
  • AWG arrayed waveguide grating
  • the optical beam splitter 104 is configured to split the optical signal reflected by the filter 101 into at least two reflected optical signals, and to inject the optical signals reflected by any one of the at least two reflected optical signals into the first detector 102.
  • the optical beam splitter 104 is a Y-shaped splitter, a multi-mode interference coupler or an obliquely split etched trench. The use of multimode interference couplers can improve the tolerance of the optical beam splitter to dimensional deviation.
  • the first detector 102 is configured to monitor the reflected optical signal transmitted by the optical beam splitter 104, obtain the optical power of the reflected optical signal, and transmit the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the first detector 102 can be a photodetector or the like.
  • the second detector 103 is configured to monitor the transmitted optical signal transmitted by the filter 101, obtain the optical power of the transmitted optical signal, and transmit the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the second detector 103 can be a photodetector or the like.
  • the processor 105 is configured to receive the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal, by adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal such that the optical power and transmission of the reflected optical signal The ratio of the optical power of the optical signal is minimal.
  • the processor 105 adjusts the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal by adjusting the current value of the injected current, so that the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal are The ratio is the smallest.
  • the specific process of the processor 105 adjusting the injection current to change the optical power of the transmitted optical signal and the optical power of the reflected optical signal is as described in the third embodiment. I will not repeat them here.
  • the optical component 10 of the present invention reflects and transmits the incident optical signal through the filter 101 such that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter 104, and the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector 103, and the optical beam splitter 104
  • the optical signal reflected by the filter 101 is split into at least two reflected optical signals, and any one of the reflected optical signals is incident on the first detector 102, and the first detector 102 monitors the reflection transmitted by the optical beam splitter 104.
  • the optical signal transmits the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the second detector 103 monitors the transmitted optical signal sent by the filter 101, and transmits the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the processor 105 The ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized by adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal. Therefore, the present invention can monitor the side mode suppression ratio simply and efficiently.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical component 20 includes the filter 101 of FIG. 1, the first detector 102, the second detector 103, the processor 105, and the etched trench 104' of the oblique splitting.
  • the function of the obliquely split etched trench 104' is the same as that of the optical beam splitter 104 of FIG. 1, and is a specific implementation of the optical beam splitter 104.
  • the inclination of the obliquely etched etching groove 104' is preferably 45 degrees.
  • the obliquely split etched trench 104' reduces the effect of the cavity length of the laser.
  • the functions of other devices are described in the description of Figure 1, and will not be described here.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the laser 30 of the present invention includes a phase region 31, a gain region 32, and a light assembly 33.
  • the optical component 33 includes at least the filter 101 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the first detector 102, the second detector 103, the optical beam splitter 104, and the processor 105.
  • the reflection peak wavelength of the filter 101 is adjusted to the target wavelength by injecting a current in the phase region 31.
  • Gain region 32 is used to provide gain to laser 30.
  • phase region 31 is for adjusting the optical power of the optical signal of the filter 101 incident on the optical component 33 by adjusting the current value of the injection current, and realizing the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal.
  • the ratio is the smallest.
  • the processor 105 in the optical component 33 determines that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal does not reach a minimum
  • the reflected current is adjusted by adjusting the current value of the injection current of the phase region 31.
  • the optical power of the optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal are adjusted by adjusting the current value of the injection current of the phase region 31.
  • the phase region 31 fine-tunes the phase of the laser 30 by changing the injection current injected into the phase region 31 such that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized.
  • the dominant mode of the laser 30 is aligned with the reflected peak wavelength of the filter 101, i.e., by controlling the current of the phase region 31 of the laser 30, fast, Simply monitor the side mode suppression ratio of the main mode of the laser 30 and the side mode of the filter 101 (Side Mode Suppression Ratio, SMSR), so that the SMSR of the laser 30 reaches the highest point, thereby achieving the single wavelength operation of the laser 30, prolonging the service life of the laser 30.
  • the processor 105 further adjusts the current of the phase region 31 to change the optical power of the transmitted optical signal and the optical power of the reflected optical signal as follows:
  • the processor 105 determines the optical power value of the transmitted optical signal returned by the second detector 103 and the first detector 102 and the optical power of the reflected optical signal.
  • the ratio of the values is reduced relative to the ratio obtained before the current of the phase region 31 is adjusted, and the current value of the phase region 31 is continued to increase until the ratio of the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the optical power of the reflected optical signal. Achieve the minimum.
  • the processor 105 determines the optical power value of the transmitted optical signal returned by the second detector 103 and the first detector 102 and the optical power of the reflected optical signal.
  • the ratio of the values is increased relative to the ratio obtained before adjusting the current of the phase region 31, and the current value of the phase region 31 is decreased until the ratio of the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the optical power of the reflected optical signal is minimized. .
  • the processor 105 determines the optical power value of the transmitted optical signal returned by the second detector 103 and the first detector 102 and the optical power of the reflected optical signal.
  • the ratio of the values is reduced relative to the ratio obtained before adjusting the current of the phase region 31, and the current value of the phase region 31 is decreased until the ratio of the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the optical power of the reflected optical signal is minimized. .
  • the processor 105 determines the optical power value of the transmitted optical signal returned by the second detector 103 and the first detector 102 and the optical power of the reflected optical signal.
  • the ratio of the values is increased relative to the ratio obtained before adjusting the current of the phase region 31, and the current value of the phase region 31 is increased until the ratio of the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the optical power of the reflected optical signal is minimized. .
  • the ratio obtained before the current of the phase region 31 is adjusted.
  • the condition is varied to further adjust the current value of phase region 31 until the ratio of the optical power of the transmitted optical signal to the optical power of the reflected optical signal is minimized. Therefore, the side mode suppression ratio can be monitored simply and efficiently, and the life of the laser 30 can be prolonged.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific optical network system 400 can be a multi-wavelength passive optical network (Multiple Wavelength PON, MWPON) system.
  • the optical network system 400 includes at least one optical line terminal (OLT) 410, multiple optical network units (ONU) 420 and one optical distribution network (Optical Distribution) Network, ODN) 430.
  • the optical line terminal 410 is connected to the plurality of optical network units 420 in a point-to-multipoint manner through the optical distribution network 430, wherein the plurality of optical network units 420 share the optical transmission medium of the optical distribution network 430.
  • the optical distribution network 430 may include a backbone optical fiber 431, an optical power splitting module 432, and a plurality of branch optical fibers 433, wherein the optical power splitting module 432 may be disposed at a remote node (Remote) Node, RN), which is connected to the optical line terminal 410 via the backbone optical fiber 431 on the one hand, and to the plurality of optical network units 420 via the plurality of branch optical fibers 433, respectively.
  • the direction from the OLT to the ONU is called downlink, and the direction from the ONU to the OLT is called uplink.
  • the communication link between the optical line terminal 410 and the plurality of optical network units 420 may include a plurality of wavelength channels, and the plurality of wavelength channels are wavelength division multiplexed (Wave-Division)
  • the Multiplexing, WDM) mode shares the optical transmission medium of the optical distribution network 430.
  • Each optical network unit 420 can operate in one of the wavelength channels of the multi-wavelength passive optical network system 400, and each wavelength channel can carry the traffic of one or more optical network units 420.
  • the optical network unit 420 operating in the same wavelength channel can be time division multiplexed (Time- Division Multiplexing, TDM) shares the wavelength channel.
  • the multi-wavelength passive optical network system 400 has four wavelength channels as an example. It should be understood that the number of wavelength channels of the optical network system 400 may also be used in practical applications. According to the needs of the network.
  • the optical line terminal 410 may include an optical coupler 411, a first wavelength division multiplexer 412, a second wavelength division multiplexer 413, a plurality of downlink optical transmitters Tx1 to Tx4, and a plurality of upstream optical receivers Rx1 ⁇ Rx4.
  • the plurality of downstream optical transmitters Tx1 T Tx4 are connected to the optical coupler 411 through the first wavelength division multiplexer 412, and the plurality of upstream optical receivers Rx1 R Rx4 are connected to the optical coupler through the second wavelength division multiplexer 413.
  • the optical coupler 411 is further connected to the backbone optical fiber 431 of the optical distribution network 430.
  • the emission wavelengths of the plurality of downlink optical transmitters Tx1 to Tx4 are different.
  • Each of the downstream optical transmitters Tx1 to Tx4 can respectively correspond to one of the wavelength channels of the optical network system 400, such as multiple downlink optical transmitters Tx1 ⁇ Tx4.
  • the emission wavelengths can be ⁇ d1 ⁇ d4, respectively.
  • the plurality of downstream optical transmitters Tx1 T Tx4 can respectively transmit downlink data to corresponding wavelength channels by using their emission wavelengths ⁇ d1 ⁇ ⁇ d4 to be received by the optical network unit 420 operating in the wavelength channel.
  • the receiving wavelengths of the plurality of upstream optical receivers Rx1 to Rx4 may be different, and each of the upstream optical receivers Rx1 to Rx4 also respectively correspond to one of the wavelength channels of the multi-wavelength passive optical network system 400, for example,
  • the receiving wavelengths of the plurality of upstream optical receivers Rx1 to Rx4 may be ⁇ u1 to ⁇ u4, respectively.
  • the upstream optical receivers Rx1 to Rx4 can receive the uplink data transmitted by the optical network unit 420 operating in the corresponding wavelength channel by using the receiving wavelengths ⁇ u1 ⁇ 4, respectively.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexer 412 is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing processing on downlink data of wavelengths ⁇ d1 ⁇ ⁇ d4, which are respectively transmitted by the plurality of downlink optical transmitters Tx1 to Tx4, and transmit the data to the optical distribution network 430 through the optical coupler 411.
  • the backbone fiber 431 is to provide downlink data to the optical network unit 420 through the optical distribution network 430.
  • the optical coupler 411 can also be used to provide uplink data from the plurality of optical network units 420 and having wavelengths ⁇ u1 ⁇ 4 respectively to the second wavelength division multiplexer 413, and the second wavelength division multiplexer 413 can transmit the wavelength
  • the uplink data of ⁇ u1 ⁇ u4 is demultiplexed to the upstream optical receivers Rx1 ⁇ Rx4 for data reception.
  • downstream optical transmitter and/or the upstream optical receiver of the OLT further includes a laser 30 as shown in FIG. 3, and the laser 30 includes at least one optical component as shown in FIG. 1 or as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the optical component includes a filter 101, a first detector 102, a second detector 103, an optical beam splitter 104, and a processor 105.
  • the input end of the optical beam splitter 104 is connected to one end of the filter 101, the output end of the optical beam splitter 104 is connected to the input port of the first detector 102, and the other end of the filter 101 and the second detector 103 are The input port is connected, and the processor 105 is connected to the output of the first detector 102 and the output of the second detector 103, respectively.
  • the filter 101 is configured to reflect and transmit the incident optical signal such that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter 104, and the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector 103.
  • the filter 101 can be a distributed Bragg reflector ( Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) or arrayed waveguide grating (AWG).
  • DBR Distributed Bragg Reflector
  • AWG arrayed waveguide grating
  • the optical beam splitter 104 is configured to split the optical signal reflected by the filter 101 into at least two reflected optical signals, and to inject the optical signals reflected by any one of the at least two reflected optical signals into the first detector 102.
  • the optical beam splitter 104 is a Y-shaped splitter, a multi-mode interference coupler or an obliquely split etched trench.
  • the first detector 102 is configured to monitor the reflected optical signal transmitted by the optical beam splitter 104, obtain the optical power of the reflected optical signal, and transmit the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the first detector 102 can be a photodetector or the like.
  • the second detector 103 is configured to monitor the transmitted optical signal transmitted by the filter 101, obtain the optical power of the transmitted optical signal, and transmit the power of the transmitted optical signal to the processor 105.
  • the second detector 103 can be a photodetector or the like.
  • the processor 105 is configured to receive the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted light by adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal such that the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the transmitted light The ratio of the optical power of the signal is the smallest.
  • the processor 105 adjusts the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal by adjusting the current value of the injected current, so that the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal are The ratio is the smallest.
  • the specific process of the processor 105 adjusting the injection current to change the optical power of the transmitted optical signal and the optical power of the reflected optical signal is as described in the foregoing third embodiment. I will not repeat them here.
  • the present invention reflects and transmits the incident optical signal through the filter 101 such that the reflected optical signal is incident on the optical beam splitter 104, the transmitted optical signal is incident on the second detector 103, and the optical beam splitter 104 filters the filter 101.
  • the reflected optical signal is split into at least two reflected optical signals, and any one of the reflected optical signals is incident on the first detector 102, and the first detector 102 monitors the reflected optical signal sent by the optical beam splitter 104.
  • the optical power of the reflected optical signal is sent to the processor 105.
  • the second detector 103 monitors the transmitted optical signal transmitted by the filter 101, transmits the power of the transmitted optical signal to the processor 105, and the processor 105 adjusts the reflected light.
  • the optical power of the signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal are such that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized. Therefore, the present invention can monitor the side mode suppression ratio simply and effectively, and prolong the service life of the laser 30.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a monitoring method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This monitoring method is applied to the laser 30 in the foregoing third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the monitoring method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 reflecting and transmitting the incident light signal
  • Step S2 dividing a reflected optical signal into at least two reflected optical signals
  • Step S3 monitoring an optical signal reflected by any one of the at least two reflected optical signals to obtain an optical power of the reflected optical signal;
  • Step S4 monitoring the transmitted optical signal to obtain the optical power of the transmitted optical signal
  • Step S5 adjusting the optical power of the reflected optical signal and the optical power of the transmitted optical signal such that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized.
  • step S5 specifically, when it is determined that the ratio of the optical power of the reflected optical signal to the optical power of the transmitted optical signal is minimized, the optical power of the reflected optical signal is adjusted and the optical power of the reflected optical signal is adjusted by adjusting the current value of the injected current.
  • the optical power of the optical signal is adjusted.
  • the embodiment provided by the present invention can effectively monitor the side mode suppression ratio and prolong the service life of the laser.

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  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

一种光组件（10）、激光器（30）、光网络系统（40）以及监测方法。该光组件包括：滤波器（101）、第一探测器（102）、第二探测器（103）、光分束器（104）以及处理器（105）。其中，滤波器（101）将入射的光信号反射到光分束器（104），透射到第二探测器（103）；光分束器（104）将反射的光信号进行分束并将其中的一束入射到第一探测器（102）；第一探测器（102）监测反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率并将其发送给处理器（105）；第二探测器（103）用于监测透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率并将其发送给处理器（105）；处理器（105）调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小，以监控边模抑制比，延长激光器的使用寿命。

Description

光组件、激光器、光网络系统以及监测方法
【技术领域】
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，特别是涉及一种光组件、激光器、光网络系统以及监测方法。
【背景技术】
目前，40G 的时分-波分复用（Time and wavelength division multiplexed，TWDM)的无源光网络已被初步确定为下一代无源光网络的标准架构。在40G TWDM PON中，关键技术之一是实现一个可调光网络单元。
可调光网络单元中最重要的部分是波长可调谐的可调激光器，目前，对于调谐范围较小的应用而言，通常使用分布布拉格反射镜（Distributed Feedback Reflector，DBR）激光器。
现有的DBR激光器在出厂前进行一次校准，进而满足DRB激光器的工作条件。出厂之后，则通过查表的方式选择合适的各区段工作电流，以将DBR激光器设定到目标工作波长。
但是，由于老化等原因，DBR激光器工作一段时间之后，可能出现失谐的情况。而当DBR激光器老化较为严重的时候，DBR激光器的主模和DBR反射峰值波长的偏离的问题将凸显出来，造成DBR激光器的主模和边模的损耗差异减小，从而使DBR激光器的边模抑制比恶化，严重影响DBR激光器的精度和使用寿命。
【发明内容】
有鉴于此，本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种光组件、激光器、光网络系统以及监测方法，能够简单、有效地监控边模抑制比。
第一方面提供一种光组件，该光组件包括：滤波器、第一探测器、第二探测器、光分束器以及处理器，光分束器的输入端与滤波器的一端连接，光分束器的输出端与第一探测器的输入端连接，滤波器的另一端与第二探测器的输入端连接，处理器分别与第一探测器的输出端和第二探测器的输出端连接；其中，滤波器，用于将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器；光分束器，用于将滤波器反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，将至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器；第一探测器，用于监测光分束器发送的反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器；第二探测器，用于监测滤波器发送的透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率，将透射的光信号的功率发送给处理器；处理器，用于接收反射的光信号的光功率和透射的光信号的功率，通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
结合第一方面的实现方式，在第一种可能的实现方式中，处理器具体通过调整注入电流的电流值，进而调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
结合第一方面的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，光分束器为Y形分支器、多模干涉耦合器或倾斜分光的刻蚀槽。
第二方面提供一种激光器，该激光器包括：相位区、增益区以及如上述所述的一种光组件。
结合第二方面的实现方式，在第一种可能的实现方式中，光组件中的处理器具体用于当反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值未达到最小时，通过调整相位区的注入电流的电流值，调整反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率；相位区，用于通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整入射到光组件中的滤波器的光信号的光功率，实现反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
第三方面提供一种光网络系统，该光网络系统至少包括：光线路终端、光分配网络和光网络单元，光线路终端通过光分配网络与光网络单元连接，其中，光线路终端和/或光网络单元包括如上述所述的光组件。
第四方面提供一种监测方法，应用于激光器中，该监测方法包括：将入射的光信号进行反射和透射；将一束反射的光信号划分成至少两束反射的光信号；监测至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率；监测透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率；调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
结合第四方面的实现方式，在第一种可能的实现方式中，调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率具体包括：当判断反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值未达到最小时，通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率。
通过上述方案，本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过滤波器将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器，光分束器将滤波器反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，将其中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器，第一探测器监测光分束器发送的反射的光信号，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器，第二探测器监测滤波器发送的透射的光信号，将透射的光信号的功率发送给处理器，处理器通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。通过上述方式，本发明可有效地监控边模抑制比，延长激光器的使用寿命。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。其中：
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的一种光组件的结构示意图；
图2是本发明第二实施例提供的一种光组件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明第三实施例提供的一种激光器的结构示意图；
图4是本发明第四实施例提供的一种光网络系统的结构示意图；
图5是本发明第五实施例提供的一种监测方法的流程图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性的劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明第一实施例提供的一种光组件的结构示意图。如图1所示，本发明的光组件10包括滤波器101、第一探测器102、第二探测器103、光分束器104以及处理器105。其中，光分束器104的输入端与滤波器101的一端连接，光分束器104的输出端与第一探测器102的输入端连接，滤波器101的另一端与第二探测器103的输入端连接，处理器105分别与第一探测器102的输出端和第二探测器103的输出端连接。
本实施例中，滤波器101用于将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器104，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器103。其中，滤波器104可以为分布布拉格反射器（Distributed Bragg Reflector，DBR）或者阵列式波导光栅（arrayed waveguide grating，AWG）等。
光分束器104用于将滤波器101反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，并将至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器102。其中，光分束器104为Y形分支器、多模干涉耦合器或倾斜分光的刻蚀槽。采用多模干涉耦合器，可提高光分束器对尺寸的偏差容忍性。
第一探测器102用于监测光分束器104发送的反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105。其中，第一探测器102可以为光电探测器等。
第二探测器103用于监测滤波器101发送的透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率，将透射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105。其中，第二探测器103可以为光电探测器等。
处理器105用于接收反射的光信号的光功率和透射的光信号的光功率，通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
进一步地，处理器105具体通过调整注入电流的电流值，进而调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。其中，处理器105调整注入电流从而改变透射的光信号的光功率和反射的光信号的光功率的具体过程如后文第三实施例所述。在此不再赘述。
本发明的光组件10通过滤波器101将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器104，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器103，光分束器104将滤波器101反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，将其中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器102，第一探测器102监测光分束器104发送的反射的光信号，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105，第二探测器103监测滤波器101发送的透射的光信号，将透射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105，处理器105通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。因此，本发明能够简单、有效地监控边模抑制比。
请参阅图2，图2是本发明第二实施例的一种光组件的结构示意图。如图2所示，光组件20中包括图1中的滤波器101、第一探测器102、第二探测器103、处理器105以及倾斜分光的刻蚀槽104＇。该倾斜分光的刻蚀槽104＇的功能与图1中光分束器104的功能相同，是光分束器104的一种具体实现。倾斜分光的刻蚀槽104＇的倾斜度优选为45度。倾斜分光的刻蚀槽104＇可减小激光器的腔长的影响。其它各器件的功能请参见图1的描述，这里就不再赘述了。
请参阅图3，图3是本发明第三实施例提供的一种激光器的结构示意图。如图3所示，本发明的激光器30包括相位区31、增益区32以及光组件33。其中，光组件33包括至少图1或图2中的滤波器101、第一探测器102、第二探测器103、光分束器104以及处理器105。
进一步地，激光器30工作时，通过在相位区31注入电流的方式调节滤波器101的反射峰波长到目标波长。增益区32用于为激光器30提供增益。
进一步地，相位区31用于通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整入射到光组件33中的滤波器101的光信号的光功率，实现反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
具体地，当光组件33中的处理器105判断反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值未达到最小时，通过调整相位区31的注入电流的电流值，调整反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率。
进一步地，相位区31通过改变注入到相位区31的注入电流，微调激光器30的相位，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。当反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小时，激光器30的主模对准滤波器101的反射峰值波长，即通过控制激光器30的相位区31的电流，快速、简单地监测激光器30的主模与滤波器101的边模的边模抑制比（Side Mode Suppression Ratio，SMSR），使得激光器30的SMSR达到最高点，进而实现激光器30的单波长运转，延长了激光器30的使用寿命。
进一步地，处理器105进一步调整相位区31的电流从而改变透射的光信号的光功率和反射的光信号的光功率的过程如下：
第一种情况，若增大相位区31当前的电流值时，处理器105判断第二探测器103和第一探测器102返回的透射的光信号的光功率值与反射的光信号的光功率值的比值相对调整该相位区31的电流前所获得的该比值在减小，则继续增大相位区31的电流值，直到透射的光信号的光功率与反射的光信号的光功率的比值达到最小。
第二种情况，若增大相位区31当前的电流值时，处理器105判断第二探测器103和第一探测器102返回的透射的光信号的光功率值与反射的光信号的光功率值的比值相对调整相位区31的电流前所获得的该比值在增大，则减小相位区31的电流值，直到透射的光信号的光功率与反射的光信号的光功率的比值达到最小。
第三种情况，若减小相位区31当前的电流值时，处理器105判断第二探测器103和第一探测器102返回的透射的光信号的光功率值与反射的光信号的光功率值的比值相对调整相位区31的电流前所获得的该比值在减小，则减小相位区31的电流值，直到透射的光信号的光功率与反射的光信号的光功率的比值达到最小。
第四种情况，若减小相位区31当前的电流值时，处理器105判断第二探测器103和第一探测器102返回的透射的光信号的光功率值与反射的光信号的光功率值的比值相对调整相位区31的电流前所获得的该比值在增大，则增大相位区31的电流值，直到透射的光信号的光功率与反射的光信号的光功率的比值达到最小。
通过调整相位区31当前的电流值，然后再根据处理器105判断透射的光信号的光功率值与反射的光信号的光功率值的比值相对调整相位区31的电流前所获得的该比值的变化情况来进一步调整相位区31的电流值，直到透射的光信号的光功率与反射的光信号的光功率的比值达到最小。因此，能够简单、有效地监控边模抑制比，延长激光器30的使用寿命。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明第四实施例提供的一种光网络系统的结构示意图。具体光网络系统400可以为多波长无源光网络(Multiple Wavelength PON, MWPON)系统。光网络系统400包括至少一个光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT) 410、多个光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)420和一个光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network，ODN)430。其中，光线路终端410通过光分配网络430以点到多点的方式连接到多个光网络单元420，其中多个光网络单元420共享光分配网络430的光传输介质。光分配网络430可以包括主干光纤431、光功率分路模块432和多个分支光纤433，其中光功率分路模块432可以设置在远端节点(Remote Node, RN)，其一方面通过主干光纤431连接到光线路终端410，另一方面通过多个分支光纤433分别连接至多个光网络单元420。其中，从OLT到ONU的方向称为下行，从ONU到OLT的方向称为上行。
进一步地，在光网络系统400中，光线路终端410和多个光网络单元420之间的通信链路可以包括多个波长通道，多个波长通道通过波分复用(Wave-Division Multiplexing，WDM)方式共享光分配网络430的光传输介质。每个光网络单元420可以工作在多波长无源光网络系统400的其中一个波长通道，且每个波长通道可以承载一个或多个光网络单元420的业务。并且，工作在同一个波长通道的光网络单元420可以通过时分复用(Time- Division Multiplexing，TDM)方式共享该波长通道。在本实施例中，如图4所示，以多波长无源光网络系统400具有四个波长通道为例进行介绍，应当理解，在实际应用时，光网络系统400的波长通道的数量还可以根据网络需要而定。
进一步地，光线路终端410可以包括光耦合器411、第一波分复用器412、第二波分复用器413、多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4、多个上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4。其中，多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4通过第一波分复用器412连接到光耦合器411，多个上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4通过第二波分复用器413连接到光耦合器411，光耦合器411进一步连接到光分配网络430的主干光纤431。
多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4的发射波长各不相同，其中，每一个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4可以分别对应光网络系统400的其中一个波长通道，比如多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4的发射波长可以分别为λd1~λd4。多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4可以分别利用其发射波长λd1~λd4将下行数据发射到对应的波长通道，以便被工作在波长通道的光网络单元420所接收。相对应地，多个上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4的接收波长可以各不相同，其中每一个上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4同样分别对应多波长无源光网络系统400的其中一个波长通道，比如，多个上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4的接收波长可以分别为λu1~λu4。上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4可以分别利用其接收波长λu1~λu4接收工作在对应波长通道的光网络单元420发送的上行数据。
第一波分复用器412用于将多个下行光发射器Tx1~Tx4发射的波长分别为λd1~λd4的下行数据进行波分复用处理，并通过光耦合器411发送到光分配网络430的主干光纤431，以通过光分配网络430将下行数据提供给光网络单元420。并且，光耦合器411还可以用于将来自多个光网络单元420且波长分别为λu1~λu4的上行数据提供给第二波分复用器413，第二波分复用器413可以将波长分别为λu1~λu4的上行数据解复用到上行光接收器Rx1~Rx4进行数据接收。
进一步地，OLT的下行光发射器和/或上行光接收器还包括如图3的激光器30，激光器30至少包括如图1或者如图2所示的一种光组件。
具体地，光组件包括滤波器101、第一探测器102、第二探测器103、光分束器104以及处理器105。其中，光分束器104的输入端与滤波器101的一端连接，光分束器104的输出端与第一探测器102的输入端口连接，滤波器101的另一端与第二探测器103的输入端口连接，处理器105分别与第一探测器102的输出端和第二探测器103的输出端连接。
本实施例中，滤波器101用于将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器104，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器103。其中，滤波器101可以为分布布拉格反射器（ Distributed Bragg Reflector，DBR）或者阵列式波导光栅（arrayed waveguide grating，AWG）等。
光分束器104用于将滤波器101反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，将至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器102。其中，光分束器104为Y形分支器、多模干涉耦合器或倾斜分光的刻蚀槽。
第一探测器102用于监测光分束器104发送的反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105。其中，第一探测器102可以为光电探测器等。
第二探测器103用于监测滤波器101发送的透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率，将透射的光信号的功率发送给处理器105。其中，第二探测器103可以为光电探测器等。
处理器105用于接收反射的光信号的光功率和透射光的光功率，通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
进一步地，处理器105具体通过调整注入电流的电流值，进而调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。其中，处理器105调整注入电流从而改变透射的光信号的光功率和反射的光信号的光功率的具体过程如前文第三实施例所述。在此不再赘述。
本发明通过滤波器101将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得反射的光信号入射到光分束器104，透射的光信号入射到第二探测器103，光分束器104将滤波器101反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的光信号，将其中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到第一探测器102，第一探测器102监测光分束器104发送的反射的光信号，将反射的光信号的光功率发送给处理器105，第二探测器103监测滤波器101发送的透射的光信号，将透射的光信号的功率发送给处理器105，处理器105通过调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。因此，本发明能够简单、有效地监控边模抑制比，延长激光器30的使用寿命。
请参阅图5，图5是本发明第五实施例提供的一种监测方法的流程图。该监测方法应用于前文第三实施例中的激光器30中。如图5所示，本发明的监测方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：将入射的光信号进行反射和透射；
步骤S2：将一束反射的光信号划分成至少两束反射的光信号；
步骤S3：监测至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号，获得反射的光信号的光功率；
步骤S4：监测透射的光信号，获得透射的光信号的光功率；
步骤S5：调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率，使得反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
在步骤S5中，具体为，当判断反射的光信号的光功率与透射的光信号的光功率的比值为达到最小时，通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整反射的光信号的光功率以及透射的光信号的光功率。其中，调整注入电流来改变透射的光信号的光功率和反射的光信号的光功率的具体过程如前文第三实施例所述。在此不再赘述
通过上述方式，本发明提供的实施例可有效地监控边模抑制比，延长激光器的使用寿命。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种光组件，其特征在于，所述光组件包括：滤波器、第一探测器、
    第二探测器、光分束器以及处理器，所述光分束器的输入端与所述滤波器的一端连接，所述光分束器的输出端与所述第一探测器的输入端连接，所述滤波器的另一端与所述第二探测器的输入端连接，所述处理器分别与所述第一探测器的输出端和所述第二探测器的输出端连接；其中：
    所述滤波器，用于将入射的光信号进行反射和透射，使得所述反射的
    光信号入射到所述光分束器，所述透射的光信号入射到所述第二探测器；
    所述光分束器，用于将所述滤波器反射的光信号分成至少两束反射的
    光信号，将所述至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号入射到所述第一探测器；
    所述第一探测器，用于监测所述光分束器发送的反射的光信号，获得所述反射的光信号的光功率，将所述反射的光信号的光功率发送给所述处理器；
    所述第二探测器，用于监测所述滤波器发送的透射的光信号，获得所
    述透射的光信号的光功率，将所述透射的光信号的光功率发送给所述处理器；
    所述处理器，用于接收所述反射的光信号的光功率和所述透射的光信号的光功率，通过调整所述反射的光信号的光功率以及所述透射的光信号的光功率，使得所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，其特征在于，所述处理器具体通过
    调整注入电流的电流值，进而调整所述反射的光信号的光功率以及所述透射的光信号的光功率，使得所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，其特征在于，所述光分束器为Y形分支器、多模干涉耦合器或倾斜分光的刻蚀槽。
  4. 一种激光器，其特征在于，所述激光器至少包括：相位区、增益区以及如权利要求1-3所述的一种光组件。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的激光器，其特征在于，所述光组件中的处理器具体用于当所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值未达到最小时，通过调整所述相位区的注入电流的电流值，调整所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率；
    所述相位区，用于通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整入射到所述光组件中的滤波器的光信号的光功率，实现所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
  6. 一种光网络系统，所述光网络系统至少包括：光线路终端、光分配网络和光网络单元，所述光线路终端通过所述光分配网络与所述光网络单元连接，其特征在于，所述光线路终端和/或所述光网络单元包括如权利要求1-3所述的光组件。
  7. 一种监测方法，应用于激光器中，其特征在于，所述监测方法包括：
    将入射的光信号进行反射和透射；
    将一束反射的光信号划分成至少两束反射的光信号；
    监测所述至少两束反射的光信号中的任意一束反射的光信号，获得所述反射的光信号的光功率；
    监测所述透射的光信号，获得所述透射的光信号的光功率；
    调整所述反射的光信号的光功率以及所述透射的光信号的光功率，使得所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值最小。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的监测方法，其特征在于，所述调整所述反射的光信号的光功率以及所述透射的光信号的光功率具体包括：
    当判断所述反射的光信号的光功率与所述透射的光信号的光功率的比值未达到最小时，通过调整注入电流的电流值，调整所述反射的光信号的光功率以及所述透射的光信号的光功率。
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