WO2014201592A1 - 一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201592A1
WO2014201592A1 PCT/CN2013/001026 CN2013001026W WO2014201592A1 WO 2014201592 A1 WO2014201592 A1 WO 2014201592A1 CN 2013001026 W CN2013001026 W CN 2013001026W WO 2014201592 A1 WO2014201592 A1 WO 2014201592A1
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Prior art keywords
aqueous solution
solution
calcium nitrate
phosphoric acid
enamel
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PCT/CN2013/001026
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈海峰
刘诗泽
梅域城
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北京大学
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Priority claimed from CN201310247376.8A external-priority patent/CN103315916B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310247456.3A external-priority patent/CN103315915B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310246870.2A external-priority patent/CN103340755B/zh
Application filed by 北京大学 filed Critical 北京大学
Publication of WO2014201592A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201592A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/80Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
    • A61K6/831Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising non-metallic elements or compounds thereof, e.g. carbon
    • A61K6/838Phosphorus compounds, e.g. apatite
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/20Protective coatings for natural or artificial teeth, e.g. sealings, dye coatings or varnish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dental restorative material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • the enamel is the outermost part of human teeth and has a thickness of l ⁇ 2 mm. As the hardest mineralized tissue in the vertebrate world, enamel plays a role in cutting and grinding food. However, caries or other enamel-damaged diseases are very common due to natural wear, acid bacteria corrosion, age, and the like. Severe dental caries are not only enamel damage, but also affect health and reduce the quality of life. Studies have shown that bacteria in the kneading surface may reach the body along with blood circulation, thereby inducing various diseases such as heart disease, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and pregnancy syndrome.
  • the best way to prevent caries development is to take appropriate action when early shallow kneading occurs.
  • the most common method for treating early caries in oral clinical practice is to mechanically remove the damaged parts and then fill in alloy or resin materials, which may be combined with alloy crowns or ceramic crowns as appropriate.
  • the disadvantages of this method are as follows: 1. The physical and chemical properties of resin, alloy, ceramic, etc. are different from those of the tooth itself, the biocompatibility is not good, and the mechanical properties are not up to the strength of the enamel itself. Second, the mechanical treatment steps will remove some The healthy enamel portion, which is not infected, causes the cavities to become larger and the natural enamel portion to be reduced. Therefore, finding a dental bioremediation material with good biocompatibility or finding a way to perfectly repair enamel damage attracts many scientists.
  • the main component of enamel (more than 95% by volume) is a partially fluorinated hydroxyapatite-FHA (fluoridated hydroxyapatite) hexagonal prismatic pumice crystal (about 25 ⁇ 100nm in diameter) closely parallel along the c-axis. Arranged, adjacent crystals form a highly ordered cluster-like structure - enamel prism with a diameter of about 5 ⁇ . This highly ordered structure determines the enamel's superior mechanical properties and wear resistance. At the same time, since enamel is basically an inorganic biomineral, it is possible to repair or regenerate enamel by a simple chemical rather than cellular method.
  • Dentin constitutes the main part of the tooth, located in the inner layer of the enamel and cementum, and is also the side wall of the pulp cavity and root canal, with a yellowish color.
  • minerals account for about 65% to 75%
  • organic matter accounts for 20%
  • the remaining 5% to 10% are water. Therefore, mineralization is not as good as enamel, but it has greater elasticity than enamel.
  • the average microhardness is about 1/5 of the enamel, but the hardness at the junction of the two is higher, about 3 times that of the near medullary end, which enhances the support of the glaze column.
  • Dentin hypersensitivity mainly refers to the destruction of enamel, the exposure of dentin, and the abnormal soreness caused by temperature (cold, hot), chemical (acid, alkali) and mechanical (brushing, biting hard). feel. Allergies can greatly reduce the quality of life of patients, cause difficulties in eating and other daily activities, and may also cause other oral diseases.
  • the oral cavity is mainly used for drug desensitization therapy, so that the drug penetrates into the dentinal tubules, so that the protein is coagulated, or the drug body itself is deposited in the small tube, and the external stimulation is prevented, so as to achieve desensitization.
  • This method also has its shortcomings: 1. There is a big difference in the composition of the drug and dentin, and the desensitization effect achieved by the method of protein coagulation is not durable; 2. Sulfur phenol, thymol, silver nitrate, 75% Desensitizing drugs such as sodium fluoride, which are inherently irritating, therapeutic The patient in the process has to suffer a lot of pain.
  • dentin has a certain degree of self-healing ability: After the tooth erupts, the dentin is stimulated by abrasion, trauma, rickets or surgical procedures, and the endothelium of the dentinal tubule is formed. The third phase of dentin, the repairing dentin. However, this process can not completely prevent external damage stimulation, nor can it be restored to the initial state without damage, and an effective medical means is needed for clinical treatment. Finding a dental bioremediation material with good biocompatibility or finding a way to perfectly repair enamel damage attracts many scientists. Since the main component of dentin is an inorganic biomineral, it is possible to repair or regenerate the essence by a purely chemical rather than cellular method. Summary of the invention
  • a method for preparing a dental restorative material provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the Agarose-Ca solution is an aqueous solution of agarose and calcium nitrate.
  • the mass percentage of the aqueous phosphoric acid solution may be 37 to 85%, such as
  • the molar concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the mixed aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and phosphoric acid may be 4.9 to 7.8 mol/L, and the molar concentration of phosphoric acid may be 2.9 to 7.3 mol/L;
  • the soaking time can be 15 ⁇ 60s, such as 60s.
  • the mixed aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and phosphoric acid is obtained by mixing an aqueous phosphoric acid solution having a mass percentage of 85% and a hydrogen peroxide having a mass percentage of 30% in a volume ratio of 1:1-4. .
  • the pH of the Agarose-Ca solution may be 6.0 to 7.5, specifically 7.0;
  • the ratio of the agarose to the calcium nitrate may be lg: O.Olmol-O.10 mol, specifically lg: 0.027 mol or lg: 0.03 mol.
  • the agarose-Ca solution may have a mass percentage of the agarose of 0.1 to 5%, specifically 1.22% or 1.97%; and the molar concentration of the calcium nitrate may be 0.2 ⁇ . 1.5 mol/L, specifically 0.366 mol/L or 0.526 mol/L.
  • the phosphate ions in the aqueous solution of the phosphate ion and the fluoride ion may be derived from NaH 2 P0 4 , KH 2 P0 4 , Na 2 HP0 4 or K 2 HP0 4 ;
  • the fluoride ion in the aqueous solution of the phosphate ion and the fluoride ion may be derived from NaF, KF or NH 4 F;
  • the molar concentration of the phosphate ion may be 0.2 to 1.5 mol/L, such as 1.0 mol/L, and the molar concentration of the fluoride ion may be 0.17 to 0.50 mol/L. Such as 0.33mol / L.
  • the ratio of the amount of the agarose, the calcium nitrate, the phosphate ion and the fluoride ion may be lg: 0.01 to 0.10 mol: 0.006 to 0.06 mol: 0.002 ⁇ 0.02 mol, specifically lg: 0.027 mol: 0.0162 mol: 0.0054 mol or lg: 0.03 mol: 0.018 mol: 0.006 mol.
  • the reaction in the step (2), may be carried out at 35 to 40 ° C for 3 to 15 days, for example, at 37 ° C for 4 days.
  • the present invention further provides a dental restorative material prepared by the above method.
  • the invention also provides the use of agarose in regulating the growth of calcium hydroxyphosphate and calcium fluorophosphate crystals.
  • Another method for preparing a dental restorative material comprises the following steps:
  • the PEO-Ca solution is an aqueous solution of polyethylene oxide and calcium nitrate.
  • the mass percentage of the aqueous phosphoric acid solution may be 37-85%, such as 85%; in the mixed aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and phosphoric acid, the molar concentration of hydrogen peroxide may be For 4.9 ⁇ 7.8mol/L, the molar concentration of phosphoric acid can be 2.9 ⁇ 7.3mol/L;
  • the soaking time can be 15 ⁇ 60s, such as 30s.
  • the mixed aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and phosphoric acid may be mixed by a phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a mass percentage of 85% and a hydrogen peroxide having a mass percentage of 30% by a volume ratio of 1:1-4. get.
  • the pH of the PEO-Ca solution may be 6.0 to 7.5, such as 7.0; in the PEO-Ca solution, the molar of the polyethylene oxide and the calcium nitrate The ratio can be 1.0: 200-1600, such as
  • the molar concentration of the polyethylene oxide in the PEO-Ca solution may be 1.0 ⁇ 10" 5 mol/L to 1.0 x 10" 3 mol/L, and specifically 2.78 x 10 4 mol/L. Or 3.13x10 - 4 mol / L, the molar concentration of the calcium nitrate may be 0.2 ⁇ 1.6mol / L, specifically 0.44mol / L or 0.375mol / L;
  • the polyethylene oxide has an average molecular weight of 50,000 to 900,000.
  • the phosphate ions in the aqueous solution of the phosphate ion and the fluoride ion may be derived from NaH 2 P0 4 , KH 2 P0 4 , Na 2 HP0 4 or K 2 HP0 4 ;
  • the fluoride ion in the phosphate ion and the aqueous fluoride ion solution may be derived from NaF, KF or NH 4 F.
  • the molar concentration of the phosphate ion may be 0.2 to 1.5 mol/L, such as 1.0 mol/L, and the molar concentration of the fluoride ion may be 0.17 to 0.50 mol/L. Such as 0.33mol / L;
  • the molar ratio of the polyethylene oxide, the calcium nitrate, the phosphate ion to the fluoride ion may be 1:800-1600: 600-1600: 160- 240, specifically 1: 1600: 960: 320 or 1: 1200: 720: 240.
  • the reaction in the above preparation method, in the step (2), the reaction may be carried out at 35 to 40 ° C for 3 to 15 days.
  • the present invention further provides a dental restorative material prepared as described above.
  • the invention also provides the use of polyethylene oxide in regulating the growth of calcium hydroxyphosphate and calcium fluorophosphate crystals.
  • a method for preparing a dental restorative material provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the sodium hyaluronate-calcium nitrate hydrogel is a mixture of sodium hyaluronate and an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate.
  • the sodium hyaluronate may have a molecular weight of 120,000 to 140,000 Daltons.
  • the molar concentration of the EDTA aqueous solution may be 0.25 to 0.4 mol/L; the immersion temperature may be 60 to 70 ° C, and the time may be 6 to 7 hours, such as Soak at 60 ° C for 6 hours.
  • the pH of the sodium hyaluronate-calcium nitrate hydrogel may be 6.0 to 7.0, such as 6.0;
  • the mass ratio of the sodium hyaluronate to the calcium nitrate may be 2: 2.3-2.4, such as 2: 2.36.
  • the molar concentration of the aqueous calcium nitrate solution may be 0.10 to 0.20 mol/L, specifically 0.167 mol/L.
  • the dihydrogen phosphate ion in the dihydrogen phosphate ion and the fluoride ion aqueous solution is from NH 4 H 2 P0 4 ;
  • the fluoride ion in the dihydrogen phosphate ion and the fluoride ion aqueous solution is derived from NH 4 F.
  • the molar concentration of the dihydrogen phosphate ion may be 0.15 to 0.18 mol/L, such as 0.15 mol/L.
  • the molar concentration of the fluoride ion may be 0.05 to 0.06 mol/L, such as 0.05 mol/L.
  • the molar ratio of the calcium nitrate, the dihydrogen phosphate ion to the fluoride ion may be 4.5-5:3:0.5-2, specifically 5:3:1 .
  • the reaction in the above preparation method, in the step (2), the reaction may be carried out at 35 to 40 ° C for 2 to 7 days.
  • the invention further provides a dental restorative material prepared by the above method.
  • the invention also provides the use of sodium hyaluronate in regulating the crystal growth of fluorinated calcium hydroxyphosphate.
  • FIG. 1 is a SEM and TEM image of a surface morphology of a regenerated enamel layer (repair material) prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a time-regressive SEM image of a surface morphology of a regenerated enamel layer (repair material) prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an XRD chart of the regenerated enamel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the EDX spectrum of the regenerated enamel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a SEM image of a micro-stretch test fracture surface of a regenerated enamel prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a SEM image of a regenerated enamel layer (repair material) prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an EDX spectrum of the regenerated enamel prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an SEM image of the surface topography of the repair material (regenerated enamel layer) prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a SEM image showing the surface morphology and time change of a repair material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention on the basis of a titanium sheet.
  • Figure 10 is an XRD spectrum of a material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention, wherein curve a represents an XRD spectrum of a crystal in a PEO solution, curve b represents an XRD spectrum of a repair material prepared by the present invention, and curve c represents a natural tooth XRD spectrum of enamel.
  • Figure 11 is an EDS spectrum of the material prepared in Example 3.
  • Figure 12 is a whitening effect view of the repair material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a whitening data of a repair material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is an SEM image of a repair material prepared in Example 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is an EDS spectrum of a repair material prepared in Example 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a typical SEM image of the surface topography of the regenerated intrinsic layer prepared in Example 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a view showing the XRD spectrum of the regenerated essence prepared in Example 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 shows the loading-unloading curve for the 5000 ⁇ load-controlled nanoindentation test.
  • Fig. 19 is a SEM image of the apatite skeleton inserted in Example 6 before and after the low degree of polymerization.
  • Figure 20 is an SEM image of the apatite skeleton inserted in Example 6 before and after the high degree of polymerization. detailed description
  • the enamel after the reaction was taken out, rinsed three times with deionized water, and air-dried naturally to obtain a regenerated enamel (i.e., the repairing material of the present invention).
  • FIG. 1 A typical SEM of the surface morphology of the regenerated enamel layer and a TEM image of the crystal in the agarose gel are shown in FIG.
  • the scale of Figure 1 (a) is 5.0 ⁇
  • the scale of Figure 1 (b) is 2.0 ⁇
  • the scale of Figure 1 (c) is ⁇ . ⁇
  • Figure 1 (d) The ruler is 1.0 ⁇ . It can be seen from Fig. 1 (a) that the crystals are closely arranged on the surface of the phosphate-treated tooth; Figure 1 (b) further shows the morphology of the shape; Figure 1 (c) with higher magnification is the side view of the crystal.
  • Figure 1 (d) is a TEM image, observing the state of the crystal in the gel after maturity, in line with the growth law of FA crystal. From Fig. 2(a) to Fig. 2 (0), it can be seen that as time progresses, the crystal form gradually matures from 15 minutes to 4 days until the hexagonal cross section of a typical apatite crystal appears.
  • the chemical composition of the enamel regeneration layer prepared in this example was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray electron spectroscopy (EDS).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDS X-ray electron spectroscopy
  • Figure 3 It shows the XRD curve of the agarose gel treated tooth and the natural tooth surface.
  • the agarose-treated crystal morphology is similar to that of the natural enamel crystal.
  • the main strong peak of the XRD spectrum of the enamel regeneration layer prepared by the method of the present invention is consistent with the XRD pattern of the hydroxyapatite; the strong 002 peak and the 004 peak indicate the crystal plane and the enamel The surfaces are parallel, that is, the crystal grows along the c-axis direction, and the regenerated enamel is similar to the natural enamel structure.
  • the EDS results show that the Ca/P ratio in the enamel regeneration layer is 1.61, and the Ca/P ratio is very close to the Ca/P ratio in hydroxyapatite (HA) or fluoroapatite (FA). 1.67, due to the error of the EDS analysis method itself, the result is too small to be normal.
  • HA hydroxyapatite
  • FA fluoroapatite
  • the tensile enamel prepared in this example was subjected to tensile test, and the surface of the sample was treated with dental resin Adper Single.
  • the above tensile test is determined by: 1. wrapping the sample with a dental resin; 2. cutting the sample into a strip of a cross-sectional area of 1 mm x 1 mm in a vertical enamel plane; 3. using a Bisco micro tensile tester from Bisco USA. Breaking strength. The morphology of the fracture surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope.
  • the reaction system was sealed with a sealing film and placed in a super constant temperature water bath at 37 ° C for 4 days.
  • the ratio of agarose, calcium nitrate, phosphate ion to fluoride ion was lg: 0.03 mol: 0.018 Mol: 0.006 mol.
  • the enamel after the reaction was taken out, rinsed three times with deionized water, and air-dried naturally to obtain a regenerated enamel (i.e., the repairing material of the present invention).
  • the SEM image of the repair material prepared in this example is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the state of the crystal in the gel after maturity is observed, which is consistent with the growth law of the FA crystal.
  • the EDS spectrum of the repair material prepared in this example is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the results show that the Ca/P ratio in the enamel regeneration layer is 1.62, and the Ca/P ratio is very close to hydroxyapatite (HA) or fluorine phosphorus.
  • the Ca/P ratio in graystone (FA) is 1.67. Due to the error of the EDS analysis method itself, the result is small and normal.
  • Example 3 preparing dental restorative materials
  • the enamel after the reaction was taken out, rinsed three times with deionized water, and air-dried naturally to obtain a regenerated enamel (i.e., a repairing material of the present invention).
  • FIG. 8 A typical SEM image of the surface morphology of the regenerated enamel layer prepared in this example is shown in Fig. 8, wherein the scale of Fig. 8(a) is ⁇ . ⁇ , and the scale of Fig. 8(b) is 3.0 ⁇ , Fig. 8 (c The ruler is ⁇ . ⁇ , and the ruler of Figure 8(d) is 5.0 ⁇ . It can be seen from Fig. 8(a) that the crystals are closely arranged on the surface of the phosphate-treated tooth; Figure 8 (b) further shows the morphology of the shape; Figure 8 (c) with a higher magnification clearly shows the diameter. The hexagonal cross section of a typical apatite crystal around ⁇ . ⁇ ; as can be seen from Fig. 8(d), the sonicated crystal remains on the tooth surface, reflecting a certain degree between the crystal and the base. Combine, rather than simply crystal stacking.
  • Figure 9 shows the growth process and the final result of the titanium sheet based on this method, from Fig. 9 (a) to Fig. 9 (times of 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 24 hours, and 96, respectively). Hour. Fluorohydroxyapatite crystal single The body morphology is shown in Fig. 9 (0). The state in which the growth sites on titanium and enamel are completely distributed is shown in Fig. 9 (0.
  • the chemical composition of the enamel regeneration layer prepared in this example was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray electron spectroscopy (EDS).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDS X-ray electron spectroscopy
  • the XRD spectrum before and after regeneration is shown in Fig. 10, as can be seen from the figure.
  • the XRD spectrum of the enamel regeneration layer prepared by the method of the invention has the main strong peak and the XRD pattern of the hydroxyapatite; the strong 002 peak and the 004 peak indicate that the crystal plane is parallel to the enamel surface, that is, the crystal is The regenerated enamel grows along the c-axis and is similar to the natural enamel structure.
  • the EDS results indicate that the Ca/P ratio in the enamel regeneration layer is 1.60, which is very close to the Ca/P ratio in hydroxyapatite (HA) or fluoroapatite (FA). 1.67, due to the error of the EDS analysis method itself, the result is too small to be normal.
  • HA hydroxyapatite
  • FA fluoroapatite
  • the regenerated enamel prepared in this example was subjected to a 3500 ⁇ load control nanoindentation test, and the probe was pressed with the same amount of force. The depth of the mechanical strength was small, and the results of the 3500 ⁇ load control nanoindentation test are shown in Table 2. The elastic modulus and hardness of the regenerated enamel layer are close to natural enamel.
  • Natural human teeth 122.24+8.61 5.69+0.69 The whiteness change of the repair material prepared in this example was measured using Olympus CrystalEye CE100-DC/EU. Using the LAB system, usually the clinical delta E is greater than or equal to 1 to reflect the white teeth. Degree of change. In the experiment, the delta E change of the PEO-treated tooth was 3.67, and the change of the hydrogen peroxide-treated group was 3.47, and the effects were similar.
  • Figure 12 shows the visual whiteness change data, where Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) are the PEO treatment group, Figure 12 (c) and Figure 12 (d) are the hydrogen peroxide treatment control group, where 12 (a) is the photo before PEO treatment, Figure 12 (b) is the photo after PEO treatment, Figure 12 (c) is the photo before hydrogen peroxide treatment, and Figure 12 (d) is the photo after hydrogen peroxide treatment .
  • a continuous change in whiteness was also observed for two consecutive treatments of the material, and the data is shown in Figure 13, two samples.
  • Example 4 preparing dental restorative materials
  • PEO polyoxyethylene
  • the pH value is (6.0-7.5, specifically 7.0), of which polyoxyethylene and molar ratio of calcium nitrate was 1: 1200, the molar concentration of polyoxyethylene 3.13x10- 4 mol / L, molar concentration of calcium nitrate was 0.375mol / L.
  • the EDS spectrum of the repair material prepared in this example is shown in Fig. 15.
  • the results show that the Ca/P ratio in the enamel regeneration layer is 1.63, and the Ca/P ratio is very close to hydroxyapatite (HA) or fluorine phosphorus.
  • the Ca/P ratio in graystone (FA) is 1.67. Due to the error of the EDS analysis method itself, the result is small and normal.
  • reaction system contained 0.10 mol/L Ca 2+ , 0.06 mol/L H 2 P0 4 , 0.02 mol/LF, and dentin slices.
  • the reaction system was sealed with a sealing film, placed in an incubator at 37 ° C, and allowed to stand for 4 days.
  • FIG. 16 A typical SEM image of the surface morphology of the regenerated enamel layer is shown in Fig. 16, wherein the scale of Fig. 16(a) is 50.0 ⁇ ; the scale of Fig. 16 (b) is ⁇ . ⁇ ; the scale of Fig. 16 (c) is 2.0. ⁇ . It can be seen from Fig. 16(a) that the dentin is covered by a bundle of closely packed crystal columns; Fig. 16(b) further shows that the structure of the crystal column exhibits a typical hexagonal prism structure with a height in the growth direction. Consistent; Fig. 16(c), which has a higher magnification, clearly shows a hexagonal cross section of a typical apatite crystal having a diameter of about ⁇ .
  • Fig. 16 (a) - Fig. 16 (c) the surface morphology of the regenerated layer is tight and neat, and has a hexagonal prism crystal structure and a cluster-like crystal column structure similar to natural enamel.
  • the chemical composition of the above enamel regeneration layer was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray electron spectroscopy (EDS).
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • EDS X-ray electron spectroscopy
  • the XRD spectrum before and after regeneration is shown in Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 17 (a) shows dentin after regeneration for 4 days by the above method
  • Fig. 17 (b) shows dentin treated only with EDTA. It can be seen from Fig. 17 (a) that the XRD spectrum of the dentin regeneration layer prepared by the above method is consistent with the XRD pattern of the hydroxyapatite; the strong 002 peak and the 004 peak indicate crystal The face is parallel to the enamel surface, ie the crystal grows along the c-axis, which is consistent with what is seen in the SEM image.
  • the EDS results showed that the Ca/P ratio in the regenerated layer was 1.59 and the F/Ca ratio was 0.13.
  • the Ca/P ratio is very close to the Ca/P ratio of 1.67 in hydroxyapatite (HA) or fluoroapatite (FA), which is small due to the error of the EDS analysis method itself. is normal.
  • the fluorine content is lower than FA and higher than HA, indicating that the crystal in the regeneration layer is partially fluorinated hydroxyapatite (FHA), which is the same as the chemical composition of natural enamel. .
  • the regenerated enamel prepared by the above method was subjected to a 5000 ⁇ load control nanoindentation test, and the probe was pressed with the same amount of force, and the mechanical strength of the indentation was small, and the loading-unloading curve of the 5000 ⁇ load controlled nanoindentation test was as follows.
  • Figure 18 (a) and Figure 18 (b) where 18 (a) is the dentin after 4 days of regeneration, and Figure 18 (b) is the natural dentin.
  • the mechanical properties of natural enamel and regenerated enamel that is, the mechanical strength of enamel for 4 days > natural enamel, can be visually seen from Fig. 18 (a) and Fig. 18 (b).
  • Example 6 Synthesis of enamel biomimetic structure in organic crystals inserted into apatite crystal framework
  • PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate
  • the regenerated enamel (apatite skeleton) prepared in Example 1 was placed in an air bath environment (provided by a blast drying oven) at 85 ° C, and the MMA liquid containing 0.3% of the thermal initiator BPO was uniformly dropped on the phosphate ash. On the stone skeleton, it forms a liquid film on the surface by surface tension. After 5 minutes, a part of MMA has volatilized, and a part of MMA has penetrated into the inorganic skeleton and pre-polymerized into PMMA with low degree of polymerization. The phenomenon is that the surface liquid film disappears and the surface of the film returns to dryness. At this time, MMA containing BPO is added dropwise on the film. .
  • the pre-polymerized film was heated in an air bath at 85 ° C for 2 days.
  • the organic-inorganic composite film of fluoroapatite-polymethyl methacrylate (FA-PMMA) was obtained and characterized.
  • the surface morphology of the reacted fluoroapatite-polymethyl methacrylate (FA-PMMA) composite film was characterized by a Quanta 200FEG scanning electron microscope (FEI, USA). Low vacuum mode, operating voltage 15 kV.
  • Figure 19 (a) and Figure 19 (b) are SEM images of the apatite skeleton before and after insertion of low-polymerization PMMA. After adding MMA for 5 minutes, heating for 1 hour, the FA-PMMA composite film is obtained, as shown in Figure 19 ( b) As can be seen from Figure 19 (b), the original crystal gap is obviously filled with amorphous material and the surface is heavily charged, and it is possible to preliminarily conclude that the organic substance has been inserted.
  • Figure 20 is an SEM image of the apatite skeleton before and after insertion of a high degree of polymerization PMMA. After multiple times of MMA prepolymerization, the FA-PMMA composite film was obtained by heating for 2 days. It can be seen from Fig. 20 (a) and Fig. 20 (b) that the surface of the apatite crystal film is completely covered by the PMMA film (the bubble is generated by the exothermic heat of the MMA polymerization, which proves the presence of PMMA). As can be seen from Figure 20 (c), the boundary between the glaze columns can be faintly seen through the transparent PMMA layer; Figure 20 (d) shows more clearly that the valley portion of the glaze is filled with PMMA, while the high point of the glaze structure is not completely covered. Industrial application
  • the preparation method provided by the invention directly grows a dense and human tooth on the surface of the human enamel excised in an environment similar to human physiological conditions (37° C., latm, pH 6.0) by a simple chemical method.
  • Dental restoration material for enamel bionic structures The film-like dental restorative material has a structure similar to that of natural human enamel, with apatite hexagonal prism crystals and enamel crystal column microstructures, and mechanical properties close to natural human enamel.
  • the preparation method provided by the invention has mild conditions, simple process, low raw materials and clinical application value, and the prepared dental restoration material is expected to replace the existing dental restoration material to repair enamel damage caused by dental caries or other dental diseases, or as The pit and fissure sealing material is used for the prevention of dental caries or as an essential tubule filling material for the prevention of dentin hypersensitivity.

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Abstract

一种牙科修复材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质、牙本质或钛片;(2)向Agarose-Ca溶液中加入磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液得到混合溶液;将经步骤(1)处理后的牙釉质、牙本质或钛片置于所述混合溶液中,经反应结束后在所述牙釉质、牙本质或钛片上即得到所述材料;所述Agarose-Ca溶液为琼脂糖和硝酸钙的水溶液;一种牙齿修复与美白材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质、牙本质或钛片;(2)将经步骤(1)处理后的牙釉质、牙本质或钛片置于PEO-Ca溶液中,静置后继续加入磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液,经反应结束后即得到所述材料;所述PEO-Ca溶液为聚氧化乙烯和硝酸钙的水溶液;一种牙科修复材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将牙本质浸泡于EDTA水溶液中;(2)将经步骤(1)处理后的牙本质置于透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶中;经静置后继续加入磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液,经反应即得到所述牙科修复材料;所述透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶为透明质酸钠与硝酸钙水溶液的混合物。

Description

一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法。 背景技术
釉质是人类牙齿最外层的部分, 厚度为 l〜2 mm。 作为脊椎动物界最硬的矿化组织, 釉质发挥着切割、 磨碎食物的作用。 但是由于自然磨损、 酸性细菌腐蚀、 年龄增长等原因, 龋齿或者其它釉质损伤疾病是非常普遍的。 严重的龋齿不仅仅是釉质损伤, 还会影响健康, 降低生活质量。 研究表明, 龋面中的细菌可能会随着血液循环到达人体各处, 从而诱发心 脏病、 动脉硬化、 糖尿病、 妊娠综合症等多种疾病。
预防龋齿发展最好的方法就是在出现早期浅龋面时就做出适当处理。 目前口腔临床普 遍应用的治疗早期龋齿的方法是, 机械除去损伤的部位, 然后填上合金或树脂类材料, 视 情况可能会再加上合金牙冠或者陶瓷牙冠。 这种方法的缺点在于: 一、 树脂、 合金、 陶瓷 等的理化性质与牙齿本身不同, 生物相容性不好, 力学性质也达不到釉质本身的强度; 二、 机械处理的步骤会除去一些没有感染的健康的釉质部分, 反而使龋洞变大, 使天然釉质部 分减少。 所以, 找到一种具有良好生物相容性的牙科修复材料或者找到一种可以完美修复 釉质损伤的方法, 吸引着众多的科学工作者。
釉质的主要成分 (体积 95%以上) 是含有碳酸根的部分氟化了的羟基磷灰石 -FHA (fluoridated hydroxyapatite) 六棱柱状憐灰石晶体 (直径约 25〜100nm) 沿着 c轴紧密平行 排列, 相邻的晶体又构成了直径约 5μηι米的高度有序的团簇状结构 _晶柱(enamel prism)。 这种高度有序的结构决定了釉质具有超凡的力学性质和抗磨损能力。 同时, 由于釉质基本 上是无机生物矿物, 通过单纯的化学的而非细胞的方法来修复或再生釉质是可能的。
牙本质构成牙体的主体部分,位于牙釉质和牙骨质的内层, 也是牙髓腔及根管的侧壁, 颜色淡黄。 其中矿物质约占 65%~75%, 有机质占 20%, 其余 5%~10%为水, 因此矿化不如 釉质,但比釉质具有更大的弹性。平均显微硬度约为釉质的 1/5,但在两者交界处硬度较高, 约为近髓端的 3倍, 由此可增强对釉柱的支持。
若用显微镜观察, 可见到牙本质内有许多排列规则的细管, 称为牙本质小管, 管内有 神经纤维, 当牙本质暴露后, 能感受外界冷、 热、 酸、 甜等刺激, 而引起疼痛。 牙本质过 敏主要是指釉质遭受破坏, 牙本质暴露部分, 受到温度 (冷、 热)、 化学的 (酸、 碱) 和机 械的 (刷牙、 咬硬物) 等刺激时, 所引起的异常酸痛的感觉。 过敏会极大降低患者的生活 质量, 给进食和其他日常活动带来困难, 同时也可能引发其他口腔疾病。
目前口腔临床上主要通过药物脱敏疗法, 使药物渗入牙本质小管, 使蛋白凝固, 或药 物体本身沉积小管内, 阻止外界刺激传入, 达到脱敏目的。 这种方法同样存在缺点: 一、 药物和牙本质的成分存在较大的差异, 且通过蛋白质凝固的办法达到的脱敏效果不持久; 二、 磺酚、 麝香草酚、 氨硝酸银、 75%氟化钠等脱敏药物, 本身存在较大的刺激性, 治疗的 过程患者需承受较大的痛苦。 因此, 需要一种更强生物相容性的方法, 用来修复治疗牙本 质过敏、 先天缺损, 以及由龋齿带来的损伤。 和釉质不同的是, 牙本质具有一定的损伤自 我修复能力: 在牙齿萌出以后, 由于磨损、 外伤、 龋病或手术过程等原因而使牙本质遭受 刺激时, 在牙本质小管的髓端会形成第三期牙本质, 即修复性牙本质。 但这一过程不能完 全阻止外界损伤刺激, 也不能还原到未受到损伤的初始状态, 还需要一种有效的医学手段 去进行临床治疗。 找到一种具有良好生物相容性的牙科修复材料或者找到一种可以完美修 复釉质损伤的方法, 吸引着众多的科学工作者。 由于牙本质的主体成分是无机生物矿物, 通过单纯的化学的而非细胞的方法来修复或再生本质是可能的。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法。
本发明所提供的一种牙科修复材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片;
(2) 向 Agarose-Ca溶液中加入磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液得到混合溶液; 将经步骤 ( 1 ) 处理后的牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片置于所述混合溶液中, 经反应结束后在所述牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片上即得到所述材料;
所述 Agarose-Ca溶液为琼脂糖和硝酸钙的水溶液。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述磷酸水溶液的质量百分含量可为 37~85%, 如
85%;
所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液中, 过氧化氢的摩尔浓度可为 4.9~7.8mol/L, 磷酸 的摩尔浓度可为 2.9~7.3mol/L;
所述浸泡的时间可为 15~60s, 如 60s。
上述的制备方法中, 所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液由质量百分含量可为 85%的磷 酸水溶液和质量百分含量为 30%的双氧水以体积比可为 1 : 1-4混合得到。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述 Agarose-Ca溶液的 pH值可为 6.0~7.5, 具体 可为 7.0;
所述 Agarose-Ca溶液中, 所述琼脂糖与所述硝酸钙的量比可为 lg: O.Olmol-O.lOmol, 具体可为 lg: 0.027mol或 lg: 0.03mol。
上述的制备方法中,所述 Agarose-Ca溶液中,所述琼脂糖的质量百分含量可为 0.1~5%, 具体可为 1.22%或 1.97% ; 所述硝酸钙的摩尔浓度可为 0.2~1.5mol/L, 具体可为 0.366mol/L 或 0.526mol/L。
上述的制备方法中,所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的磷酸根离子可来自 NaH2P04、 KH2P04、 Na2HP04或 K2HP04;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子可来自 NaF、 KF或 NH4F;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.2~1.5mol/L, 如 1.0mol/L, 所述氟离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.17~0.50mol/L, 如 0.33mol/L。 上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (2) 中, 所述琼脂糖、 所述硝酸钙、 所述磷酸根离子与所述 氟离子的量比可为 lg: 0.01~0.10mol: 0.006~0.06mol: 0.002~0.02mol,具体可为 lg: 0.027mol: 0.0162mol: 0.0054mol或 lg: 0.03mol: 0.018mol: 0.006mol。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤(2) 中, 所述反应可在 35~40°C的条件下进行 3~15天, 如在 37°C的条件下进行 4天。
本发明进一步提供了由上述方法制备得到的牙科修复材料。
本发明还提供了琼脂糖在调控羟基磷酸钙和氟磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。
本发明所提供的另一种牙科修复材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质或钛片;
(2) 将经步骤 (1 ) 处理后的牙釉质或钛片置于 PEO-Ca溶液中; 静置后继续加入磷 酸根离子和氟离子水溶液, 经反应结束后在所述牙釉质或钛片上即得到所述材料;
所述 PEO-Ca溶液为聚氧化乙烯和硝酸钙的水溶液。
上述的制备方法中,步骤(1 )中,所述磷酸水溶液的质量百分含量可为 37~85%如 85% ; 所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液中, 过氧化氢的摩尔浓度可为 4.9~7.8mol/L, 磷酸 的摩尔浓度可为 2.9~7.3mol/L;
所述浸泡的时间可为 15~60s, 如 30s。
上述的制备方法中, 所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液由质量百分含量可为 85%的磷 酸水溶液和质量百分含量可为 30%的双氧水以体积比可为 1 : 1-4混合得到。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (2) 中, 所述 PEO-Ca溶液的 pH值可为 6.0~7.5, 如 7.0; 所述 PEO-Ca溶液中, 所述聚氧化乙烯与所述硝酸钙的摩尔比可为 1.0: 200-1600, 如
1.0: 1200或 1.0: 1600。
上述的制备方法中, 所述 PEO-Ca 溶液中, 所述聚氧化乙烯的摩尔浓度可为 1.0x10"5mol/L~ 1.0x10"3mol/L , 具体可为 2.78x10— 4mol/L或 3.13x10— 4mol/L, 所述硝酸钙的摩 尔浓度可为 0.2~1.6mol/L, 具体可为 0.44mol/L或 0.375mol/L;
所述聚氧化乙烯的平均分子量为 50000 900000。
上述的制备方法中,所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的磷酸根离子可来自 NaH2P04、 KH2P04、 Na2HP04或 K2HP04;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子可来自 NaF、 KF或 NH4F。
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.2~1.5mol/L, 如 1.0mol/L, 所述氟离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.17~0.50mol/L, 如 0.33mol/L;
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (2) 中, 所述聚氧化乙烯、 所述硝酸钙、 所述磷酸根离子与 所述氟离子的摩尔比可为 1 : 800-1600: 600-1600: 160-240, 具体可为 1 : 1600: 960: 320 或 1: 1200: 720: 240。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (2) 中, 所述反应可在 35~40°C的条件下进行 3~15天。 本发明进一步提供了由上述制备得到的牙科修复材料。
本发明还提供了聚氧化乙烯在调控羟基磷酸钙和氟磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。 本发明所提供的再一种牙科修复材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 将牙本质浸泡于 EDTA水溶液中;
(2)将经步骤(1 )处理后的牙本质置于透明质酸钠 -硝酸钙水凝胶中; 经静置后继续 加入磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液, 经反应即得到所述牙科修复材料;
所述透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶为透明质酸钠与硝酸钙水溶液的混合物。
上述的制备方法中, 所述透明质酸钠的分子量可为 12万~14万道尔顿。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤(1 ) 中, 所述 EDTA水溶液的摩尔浓度可为 0.25~0.4mol/L; 所述浸泡的温度可为 60~70°C, 时间可为 6~7小时, 如在 60°C下浸泡 6小时。
上述的制备方法中,步骤(2)中,所述透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶的 pH值可为 6.0~7.0, 如 6.0;
所述透明质酸钠 -硝酸钙水凝胶中, 所述透明质酸钠与所述硝酸钙的质量比可为 2: 2.3-2.4, 如 2: 2.36。
上述的制备方法中, 所述硝酸钙水溶液的摩尔浓度可为 0.10~0.20mol/L, 具体可为 0.167mol/L。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤(2)中, 所述磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中的磷酸二氢 根离子来自 NH4H2P04;
所述磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子来自 NH4F。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤(2) 中, 所述磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸 二氢根离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.15~0.18mol/L, 如 0.15mol/L, 所述氟离子的摩尔浓度可为 0.05~0.06mol/L, 如 0.05mol/L。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤(2) 中, 硝酸钙、 所述磷酸二氢根离子与所述氟离子的摩尔 比可为 4.5~5: 3: 0.5-2, 具体可为 5: 3: 1。
上述的制备方法中, 步骤 (2) 中, 所述反应可在 35~40°C的条件下进行 2~7天。 本发明进一步提供了由上述方法制备的牙科修复材料。
本发明还提供了透明质酸钠在调控氟化羟基磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例 1制备的再生釉质层 (修复材料) 表面形貌 SEM及 TEM图像 图 2为本发明实施例 1制备的再生釉质层(修复材料)表面形貌的时间递进 SEM图像。 图 3为本发明实施例 1制备的再生釉质的 XRD谱图。
图 4为本发明实施例 1制备的再生釉质的 EDX谱图。
图 5为本发明实施例 1制备的再生釉质的微拉伸测试断裂面 SEM图像。
图 6为本发明实施例 2制备的再生釉质层 (修复材料) 的 SEM图像。
图 7为本发明实施例 2制备的再生釉质的 EDX谱图。
图 8为本发明实施例 3制备的修复材料 (再生釉质层) 表面形貌的 SEM图像。
图 9为本发明实施例 3制备的修复材料以钛片为基底的表面形貌及时间变化 SEM图像。 图 10为本发明实施例 3制备的材料的 XRD谱图, 其中, 曲线 a表示 PEO溶液中的晶 体的 XRD谱图, 曲线 b表示本发明制备的修复材料的 XRD谱图, 曲线 c表示天然牙釉质 的 XRD谱图。
图 11为实施例 3制备的材料的 EDS谱图。
图 12为本发明实施例 3制备的修复材料的美白效果图。
图 13为本发明实施例 3制备的修复材料的美白数据。
图 14为本发明实施例 4制备的修复材料的 SEM图像。
图 15为本发明实施例 4制备的修复材料的 EDS谱图。
图 16为采用本发明实施例 5制备的再生本质层表面形貌的典型 SEM图像。
图 17为采用本发明实施例 5制备的再生本质的 XRD谱图。
图 18为 5000μΝ载荷控制纳米压痕测试的加载 -卸载曲线。
图 19为实施例 6中磷灰石骨架插入低聚合度 ΡΜΜΑ前后的 SEM图像。
图 20为实施例 6中磷灰石骨架插入高聚合度 ΡΜΜΑ前后的 SEM图像。 具体实施方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明, 均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、 试剂等, 如无特殊说明, 均可从商业途径得到。 实施例 1、 制备牙科修复材料
取离体的人类磨牙或智齿, 用低速金刚石切割机的锯片侧面轻轻打磨釉质表面, 将釉 质部分切下来。用质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理上述牙釉质 30s, 用去离子水冲掉 残余的酸液, 待用。
称取 236.00g Ca(N03)2-4H20 加入约 800mL 去离子水, lOOOmL 容量瓶定容, 得到 Ca(N03)2溶液。称取 0.30 g琼脂糖(Agarose), 加入 8mL Ca(N03)2溶液, 并加入 7.2mL水, 用玻璃棒搅匀并加热至沸腾得到 Agarose-Ca溶液, 其 pH值为 7.0, 其中琼脂糖与硝酸钙的 量比为 lg: 0.027mol, 琼脂糖的质量百分含量为 1.97%, 硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.526mol/L。
称取 136.00g KH2P04和 31.33 g KF-2H20, lOOOmL容量瓶定容, 得到磷酸根离子和氟 离子溶液, 其中, 磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 1.0mol/L, 氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.33mol/L。
量取 4.8mL磷酸根离子和氟离子溶液, 加入热的 Agarose-Ca溶液得到混合溶液, 将用 质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理过的牙釉质置于其中, 放置 3min。 将反应体系用封 口膜封口, 置于 37°C的超级恒温水浴中, 反应 4天, 该反应体系中, 琼脂糖、 硝酸钙、 磷 酸根离子与氟离子的量比为 lg: 0.027mol: 0.0162mol: 0.0054mol。
取出反应后的釉质, 用去离子水冲洗三遍, 空气中自然晾干, 得到再生牙釉质 (即本 发明的修复材料)。
再生釉质层表面形貌的典型 SEM和琼脂糖凝胶中晶体的 TEM图像如图 1所示。其中, 图 1 (a) 的标尺为 5.0μηι; 图 1 (b) 的标尺为 2.0μηι; 图 1 (c) 的标尺为 Ι.Ομηι; 图 1 (d) 的标尺为 1.0μηι。 从图 1 ( a) 中可以看出晶体紧密地排布在磷酸处理过的牙齿表面; 图 1 (b )进一步表明形体的形态; 放大倍数更高的图 1 ( c )则为晶体的侧面观察图, 观察到晶 体与基底的结合; 图 1 ( d) 是 TEM图像, 观察凝胶中的晶体成熟后的状态, 符合 FA晶体 的生长规律。 从图 2 ( a)到图 2 ( 0可以看出来随着时间的递进, 从 15分钟到 4天晶体形 态的逐渐成熟, 直至出现典型的磷灰石晶体的六边形横截面。
本实施例制备的牙釉质再生层的化学组成用 X射线衍射 (XRD ) 和 X-射线电子能谱 ( EDS ) 进行表征。 XRD谱图如图 3所示, 表示了琼脂糖凝胶处理过的牙齿和天然牙齿表 面的 XRD曲线对比, 琼脂糖处理过的晶体形态与天然牙釉质晶体形态接近。 从图中可以看 出, 采用本发明方法制备的牙釉质再生层的 XRD谱图主要的强峰和羟基磷灰石的 XRD图 谱相吻合; 强度很大的 002峰和 004峰说明晶面与釉质表面平行, 即晶体是沿着 c轴方向 生长的, 再生后的牙釉质与天然牙釉质结构类似。
EDS结果(图 4)表明, 牙釉质再生层中的 Ca/P比为 1.61, 该 Ca/P比很接近羟基磷灰 石 (HA ) 或氟磷灰石 (FA) 中的 Ca/P比一 1.67, 由于 EDS分析手段本身的误差, 结果偏 小属于正常的。
对本实施例制备的再生牙釉质进行拉伸测试, 将样品表面使用牙科树脂 Adper Single
Bond II (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) and Tetric N Ceram (Ivoclar vivadent, Liechtenstein) ) 包 裹后切割成 lmmxlmm程度不等的小条, 拉伸测试树脂与釉质表面再生晶体的粘接强度, 结果如表 1所示, 树脂与釉质表面再生晶体的粘接强度为 19.9MPa左右, 拉断界面的 SEM 显示 (图 5), 上部的图像为拉断的牙侧, 下部的图像为拉断的树脂一侧。 晶体依然在牙侧 的表面,而没有被粘接的树脂从牙齿上拉下,证明晶体与牙齿基底的粘接强度大于 19.9MPa。
上述拉伸测试的测定方法为: 1、 使用牙科树脂包裹样品; 2、 垂直釉质平面将样品切 割成 lmmxlmm截面积的小条; 3、使用 Bisco micro tensile tester from Bisco USA.拉伸小条, 测量断裂强度。 使用扫描电子显微镜观察断裂面形态。
表 1 本发明制备的再生釉质层的表面力学性质测试 样品号 拉伸强度 (MPa)
1 18.6
2 20.9
3 20.2 实施例 2、 制备牙科修复材料
称取 236.00g Ca(N03)2-4H20 加入约 800mL 去离子水, lOOOmL 容量瓶定容, 得到 Ca(N03)2溶液。 称取 0.20 g琼脂糖 ( Agarose ) , 加入 6mL Ca(N03)2溶液, 并加入 10.4mL 水, 用玻璃棒搅匀并加热至沸腾得到 Agarose-Ca溶液, 其 pH值为 7.0, 其中琼脂糖与硝酸 钙的量比为 lg: 0.03mol,琼脂糖的质量百分含量为 1.22%,硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.366mol/L。
称取 136.00g KH2P04和 31.33 g KF-2H20, lOOOmL容量瓶定容, 得到磷酸根离子和氟 离子溶液, 其中, 磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 1.0mol/L, 氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.33mol/L。 量取 3.6mL磷酸根离子和氟离子溶液, 加入热的 Agarose-Ca溶液得到混合溶液, 将用 质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理过的牙釉质置于其中, 放置 3min。 将反应体系用封 口膜封口, 置于 37°C的超级恒温水浴中, 反应 4天, 该反应体系中, 琼脂糖、 硝酸钙、 磷 酸根离子与氟离子的量比为 lg: 0.03mol: 0.018mol: 0.006mol。
取出反应后的釉质, 用去离子水冲洗三遍, 空气中自然晾干, 得到再生牙釉质 (即本 发明的修复材料)。
本实施例制备的修复材料的 SEM图像如图 6所示, 观察凝胶中的晶体成熟后的状态, 符合 FA晶体的生长规律。
本实施例制备的修复材料的 EDS谱图如图 7所示, 结果表明, 牙釉质再生层中的 Ca/P 比为 1.62, 该 Ca/P比很接近羟基磷灰石 (HA) 或氟磷灰石 (FA) 中的 Ca/P比一 1.67, 由 于 EDS分析手段本身的误差, 结果偏小属于正常的。
实施例 3、 制备牙科修复材料
取离体的人类磨牙或智齿, 用低速金刚石切割机的锯片侧面轻轻打磨釉质表面, 将釉 质部分切下来。用质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理上述牙釉质 30s, 用去离子水冲掉 残余的酸液, 待用。
称取 15.00 g聚氧化乙烯 (PEO, 其平均分子量为 300000) 加约 100 mL去离子水, 电 磁搅拌溶解制成 PEO溶液。另称取 236.00g Ca(N03) 4H20加入约 800mL去离子水, 1000 mL 容量瓶定容, 得到 Ca(N03)2溶液。 取 lOmL PEO溶液, 加入 8mL Ca(N03)2溶液, 再加入 7.2mL水, 玻璃棒搅匀得到 PEO-Ca溶液, 其 pH值为 7.0, 其中聚氧乙烯与硝酸钙的摩尔 比为 1 : 1600, 聚氧乙烯的摩尔浓度为 2.78x10— 4mol/L, 硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.44mol/L。
称取 136.00g ΚΗ2Ρ04 ίΡ 31.33 g KF-2H20, 于 lOOOmL容量瓶中定容, 得到磷酸根离子 和氟离子溶液, 其中, 磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 1.0mol/L, 氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.33mol/L。
量取上述配制的 PEO-Ca溶液 18 mL,将用质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理过的 牙釉质置于其中, 放置 3 min。 再滴加上述磷酸根离子和氟离子溶液 4.8 mL, 将反应体系用 封口膜封口, 置于 37°C的超级恒温水浴中, 反应 4天, 该反应体系中, 聚氧化乙烯、 硝酸 钙、 磷酸根离子与氟离子的摩尔比为 1 : 1600: 960: 320。
取出反应后的牙釉质, 用去离子水冲洗三遍, 空气中自然晾干, 得到再生牙釉质 (即 本发明的修复材料)。
本实施例制备的再生釉质层表面形貌的典型 SEM图像如图 8所示, 其中, 图 8 (a) 的 标尺为 ΙΟ.Ομηι, 图 8 (b) 的标尺为 3.0μηι, 图 8 (c) 的标尺为 Ι.Ομηι, 图 8 (d) 的标尺为 5.0μηι。 从图 8 (a) 中可以看出晶体紧密地排布在磷酸处理过的牙齿表面; 图 8 (b) 进一 步表明形体的形态; 放大倍数更高的图 8 (c) 则清楚地显示出直径为 Ι.Ομηι左右的典型的 磷灰石晶体的六边形横截面; 从图 8 (d) 可以看出, 经过超声处理晶体依然存在于牙齿表 面, 体现出晶体与基地之间具有一定程度的结合, 而不是简单的晶体堆积。
图 9表示了使用该方法以钛片为基底的生长过程及最终结果, 从图 9 (a) 到图 9 (0 的时间分别为 30分钟、 1小时、 2小时、 4小时、 24小时和 96小时。 氟羟基磷灰石晶体单 体形态如图 9 (0, 在钛片及牙釉质上生长位点分布完全的状态如图 9 (0。
本实施例制备的牙釉质再生层的化学组成用 X射线衍射 (XRD ) 和 X-射线电子能谱 ( EDS ) 进行表征, 再生前后的 XRD谱图如图 10所示, 从图中可以看出, 采用本发明方 法制备的牙釉质再生层的 XRD谱图主要的强峰和羟基磷灰石的 XRD图谱相吻合; 强度很 大的 002峰和 004峰说明晶面与釉质表面平行, 即晶体是沿着 c轴方向生长的, 再生后的 牙釉质与天然牙釉质结构类似。
EDS结果 (图 11 ) 表明, 牙釉质再生层中的 Ca/P比为 1.60, 该 Ca/P比很接近羟基磷 灰石 (HA ) 或氟磷灰石 (FA) 中的 Ca/P比一 1.67, 由于 EDS分析手段本身的误差, 结果 偏小属于正常的。
对本实施例制备的再生牙釉质进行 3500μΝ载荷控制纳米压痕测试,探头以同样大小的 力压入, 力学强度大的压入的深度小, 3500μΝ载荷控制纳米压痕测试的结果如表 2所示, 再生牙釉质层的弹性模量和硬度都已经接近天然釉质。
表 2本实施例的再生牙釉质的表面力学性质测试结果 弹性模量 (GPa) 硬度 (GPa) 聚氧化乙烯处理过的牙齿 119.32+17.34 4.15+0.63
天然人牙齿 122.24+8.61 5.69+0.69 本实施例制备的修复材料的白度变化使用 Olympus CrystalEye CE100-DC/EU 进行测 定,使用 LAB体系,通常临床中 delta E的大于等于 1即可体现出牙齿白度的变化。实验中, PEO处理的牙齿 delta E变化为 3.67, 过氧化氢处理组的变化为 3.47, 两者效果接近。 图 12 展示了直观的白度变化数据, 其中图 12 ( a) 和图 12 (b ) 为 PEO处理组, 图 12 ( c) 和图 12 ( d)是过氧化氢处理对照组, 其中, 图 12 ( a)为 PEO处理前的照片, 图 12 (b )为 PEO 处理后的照片, 图 12 ( c)为过氧化氢处理前的照片, 图 12 ( d)为过氧化氢处理后的照片。 对材料进行连续两次处理,也可以观察到白度的连续变化,数据表示在图 13中, 两个样品。
实施例 4、 制备牙科修复材料
称取 15.00 g聚氧化乙烯 (PEO, 其平均分子量为 50000 900000, 具体可为 300000 ) 加约 100 mL去离子水, 电磁搅拌溶解制成 PEO溶液。 另称取 236.00g Ca(N03)24H20加入 约 800mL去离子水, 1000 mL容量瓶定容, 得到 Ca(N03)2溶液。 取 lOmL PEO溶液, 加入 6mL Ca(N03)2溶液, 再加入 7.2mL水, 玻璃棒搅匀得到 PEO-Ca溶液, 其 pH值为 (6.0-7.5 具体可为 7.0 ), 其中聚氧乙烯与硝酸钙的摩尔比为 1 : 1200 , 聚氧乙烯的摩尔浓度为 3.13x10— 4mol/L, 硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.375mol/L。
称取 136.00g KH2P04和 31.33 g KF-2H20, 于 lOOOmL容量瓶中定容, 得到磷酸根离子 和氟离子溶液, 其中, 磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 1.0mol/L, 氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.33mol/L。
量取上述配制的 PEO-Ca溶液 16mL, 将用质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液处理过的 牙釉质置于其中, 放置 3 min。 再滴加上述磷酸根离子和氟离子溶液 3.6 mL, 将反应体系用 封口膜封口, 置于 37 °C的超级恒温水浴中, 反应 4天, 该反应体系中, 聚氧化乙烯、 硝酸 钙、 磷酸根离子与氟离子的摩尔比为 1 : 1200: 720: 240。
取出反应后的牙釉质, 用去离子水冲洗三遍, 空气中自然晾干, 得到再生牙釉质。 本实施例制备的修复材料的 SEM图像如图 14所示。
本实施例制备的修复材料的 EDS谱图如图 15所示,结果表明,牙釉质再生层中的 Ca/P 比为 1.63, 该 Ca/P比很接近羟基磷灰石 (HA) 或氟磷灰石 (FA) 中的 Ca/P比一 1.67, 由 于 EDS分析手段本身的误差, 结果偏小属于正常的。
实施例 5、 牙科修复材料的制备
取离体的人类磨牙或智齿, 用低速金刚石切割机的将牙冠部分切下来, 再将剩余的部 分切成 l~2mm的薄片。 将牙本质用 0.3mol/L EDTA溶液水浴加热处理, 加热温度为 60°C, 时间为 6h, 用去离子水冲掉残余的溶液, 待用。
称取, 3.936g Ca(N03)24H20, 加约 80 mL去离子水, 电磁搅拌溶解, lOOmL容量瓶定 容, 得到钙离子溶液, 其摩尔浓度为 0.167mol/L。 称取 1.725g KH2P04, 以及 0.185gNH4F, 电磁搅拌溶解, 100 mL容量瓶定容, 得到磷酸二氢根-氟离子水溶液, 该水溶液中, 磷酸二 氢根的摩尔浓度为 0.15mol/L, 氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.05mol/L。
量取上述配制的钙离子溶液 6mL, 加入 0.20g高分子量透明质酸钠 (12万〜 14万道尔 顿) 粉末, 在 50°C下电磁加热搅拌 30min至形成均匀的透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶 (pH值 为 6.0, 透明质酸钠与硝酸钙的质量比为 0.20: 0.236), 将用 EDTA溶液处理过的牙本质切 片置于其中, 放置待冷却至室温。 再滴加上述磷酸二氢根-氟离子水溶液 4mL, 此时反应体 系中含有 0.10mol/L Ca2+、 0.06mol/L H2P04、 0.02mol/L F和牙本质切片。 将反应体系用封 口膜封口, 置于 37°C的恒温箱中, 静置 4天。
取出反应后的牙本质切片, 用去离子水冲洗三遍, 空气中自然晾干, 得到再生牙本质。 再生釉质层表面形貌的典型 SEM图像如图 16所示,其中,图 16 ( a)的标尺为 50.0 μηΐ; 图 16 (b) 的标尺为 ΙΟ.Ομηι; 图 16 (c) 的标尺为 2.0μηι。 从图 16 ( a) 中可以看出牙本质 表明被一束束紧密排列的晶体柱所覆盖; 图 16 (b)进一步表明这种晶柱的结构呈现出典型 的六棱柱结构, 且生长方向高度一致; 放大倍数更高的图 16 (c)则清楚的显示出直径约为 Ιμηι的典型的磷灰石晶体的六边形横截面。
从图 16 ( a) -图 16 (c) 中还可以看出, 再生层的表面形貌紧密整齐, 具有类似天然釉 质的六棱柱晶体结构和团簇状晶柱构造。
上述牙釉质再生层的化学组成用 X射线衍射 (XRD)和 X-射线电子能谱 (EDS )进行 表征, 再生前后的 XRD谱图如图 17所示。 其中, 图 17 ( a)表示用上述方法再生 4天后的 牙本质, 图 17 (b) 表示仅用 EDTA处理过的牙本质。 从图 17 ( a) 中可以看出, 采用上述 方法制备的牙本质再生层的 XRD谱图主要的强峰和羟基磷灰石的 XRD图谱相吻合; 强度 很大的 002峰和 004峰说明晶面与釉质表面平行, 即晶体是沿着 c轴方向生长的, 这一点 和 SEM图像中看到的是一致的。
EDS结果表明, 再生层中的 Ca/P比为 1.59, F/Ca比为 0.13。 Ca/P比很接近羟基磷灰 石 (HA) 或氟磷灰石 (FA) 中的 Ca/P比 1.67, 由于 EDS分析手段本身的误差, 结果偏小 是正常的。从 F/Ca比来看, 氟含量低于 FA而高于 HA, 说明再生层中的晶体是部分氟化了 的羟基磷灰石 ( fluoridated hydroxyapatite, FHA), 和天然釉质的化学组成是一样的。
对采用上述方法制备的再生牙釉质进行 5000μΝ载荷控制纳米压痕测试,探头以同样大 小的力压入,力学强度大的压入的深度小, 5000μΝ载荷控制纳米压痕测试的加载-卸载曲线 如图 18 (a) 和图 18 (b) 所示, 其中 18 (a) 是再生 4天之后的牙本质, 图 18 (b) 是天 然牙本质。 从图 18 (a) 和图 18 (b) 中可以很直观地看出天然牙釉质与再生牙釉质的力学 性质, 即再生 4天的牙釉质 >天然釉质的力学强度。
实验设 6次重复, 6次压痕数据的平均统计结果以平均值土标准差的形式表达, 天然釉 质与再生牙釉质力学性质的定量测定结果如表 3所示。
表 3 再生前后牙本质的力学性质
弹性模量 /GPa 硬度 /GPa 天然本质 16.65+1.99 0.41+0.054 再生 4天后的本质 59.30+8.22 1.32+0.29 表 3中的数据可以印证上面的定性结果, 无论是弹性模量还是硬度, 都有再生 4天的 牙釉质 >天然釉质, 且无论是弹性模量还是硬度, 再生的均为天然牙本质 4倍左右。
实施例 6、 有机质插入磷灰石晶体骨架中的釉质仿生结构合成
以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)作为有机组分, 插入到实施例 1制备的再生牙釉质(磷 灰石骨架) 中。
将实施例 1制备的再生牙釉质 (磷灰石骨架) 置于 85°C空气浴环境 (由鼓风干燥箱提 供)中, 将含有 0.3%热引发剂 BPO的 MMA液体均匀地滴在磷灰石骨架上, 使其凭借表面 张力在表面上形成一层液膜。 5分钟后, 一部分 MMA已挥发, 而一部分 MMA已渗入无机 骨架并预聚为低聚合度的 PMMA, 现象为表面液膜消失、 薄膜表面恢复干燥, 此时再滴加 含有 BPO的 MMA于薄膜上。 反复 4次后, 将预聚后的薄膜在 85°C空气浴中加热 2天。 取 出, 得到氟磷灰石 -聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(FA-PMMA) 的有机-无机复合材料薄膜, 进行表征。
( 1 ) 表面形貌一 SEM
反应后的氟磷灰石 -聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (FA-PMMA) 复合薄膜的表面形貌用 Quanta 200FEG 扫描电子显微镜 (FEI公司, 美国) 进行表征。 低真空模式, 工作电压 15 kV。
图 19 (a)和图 19 (b) 分别为磷灰石骨架插入低聚合度 PMMA前后的 SEM图像, 加 入 MMA预聚 5分钟后加热 1小时, 得到了 FA-PMMA复合薄膜, 如图 19 (b)所示, 从图 19 (b) 可以看出, 原来的晶体间隙明显被无定形物质填充且表面荷电严重, 可以初步断定 插入了有机物质。
图 20为磷灰石骨架插入高聚合度 PMMA前后的 SEM图像。 多次加入 MMA预聚后, 加热 2天得到了 FA-PMMA复合薄膜。 从图 20 (a)和图 20 (b) 中可以看出, 磷灰石晶体 薄膜表面完全被 PMMA薄膜覆盖 (气泡为 MMA聚合时放热产生的, 证明了 PMMA的存 在)。 从图 20 (c) 可以看出, 透过透明的 PMMA层, 还可以隐约看到釉柱结构间的界限; 图 20 (d) 更清晰的表明, 釉间质的谷底部分被 PMMA充满, 而釉柱结构的高点则未被完 全覆盖。 工业应用
本发明提供的制备方法, 通过简单的化学方法, 在近似人体生理条件 (37°C, latm, pH 6.0)的环境中, 在离体的人牙釉质表面直接长出了致密的、 具有人牙釉质仿生结构的牙 科修复材料。 该薄膜状的牙科修复材料的结构与天然的人牙釉质十分类似, 具有磷灰石六 棱柱晶体和釉质晶柱微结构, 且力学性质与天然的人牙釉质接近。 本发明提供的制备方法, 条件温和、 过程简单、 原料便宜, 具有临床应用价值, 所制备的牙科修复材有望替代现有 的牙科修复材料来修补龋齿或其它牙科疾病造成的釉质损伤, 也可以作为窝沟封闭材料用 于龋齿的预防或作为本质小管填充材料用于牙本质过敏的预防。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种牙科修复材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片;
(2) 向 Agarose-Ca溶液中加入磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液得到混合溶液; 将经步骤 ( 1 ) 处理后的牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片置于所述混合溶液中, 经反应结束后在所述牙釉质、 牙本质或钛片上即得到所述材料;
所述 Agarose-Ca溶液为琼脂糖和硝酸钙的水溶液。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述磷酸水溶液的质量 百分含量为 37~85%;
所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液中, 过氧化氢的摩尔浓度为 4.9~7.8mol/L, 磷酸的 摩尔浓度为 2.9~7.3mol/L;
所述浸泡的时间为 15~60s。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液由质 量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液和质量百分含量为 30%的双氧水以体积比为 1 : 1-4混合得 到。
4、根据权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1 )中,所述 Agarose-Ca 溶液的 pH值为 6.0-7.5;
所述 Agarose-Ca溶液中, 所述琼脂糖与所述硝酸钙的量比为 lg: O.Olmol-O.lOmoL
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述 Agarose-Ca溶液中, 所述琼脂糖的质量百分含量为 0.1~5%; 所述硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.2~1.5mol/L。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水 溶液中的磷酸根离子来自 NaH2P04、 KH2P04、 Na2HP04或 K2HP04;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子来自 NaF、 KF或 NH4F;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 0.2~1.5mol/L, 所 述氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.17~0.50mol/L。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述琼脂糖、 所述硝酸钙、 所述磷酸根离子与所述氟离子的量比为 lg: 0.01~0.10mol: 0.006~0.06mol: 0.002~0.02mol。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7 中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述反应在 35-40 °C的条件下进行 3~15天。
9、 权利要求 1-8中任一项所述方法制备的牙科修复材料。
10、 琼脂糖在调控羟基磷酸钙和氟磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。
11、 一种牙齿修复与美白材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 用磷酸水溶液或过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液浸泡牙釉质或钛片;
(2) 将经步骤 (1 ) 处理后的牙釉质或钛片置于 PEO-Ca溶液中; 静置后继续加入磷 酸根离子和氟离子水溶液, 经反应结束后即得到所述材料; 所述 PEO-Ca溶液为聚氧化乙烯和硝酸钙的水溶液。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述磷酸水溶液的质 量百分含量为 37~85%;
所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液中, 过氧化氢的摩尔浓度为 4.9~7.8mol/L, 磷酸的 摩尔浓度为 2.9~7.3mol/L;
所述浸泡的时间为 15~60s。
13、根据权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述过氧化氢与磷酸的混合水溶液由 质量百分含量为 85%的磷酸水溶液和质量百分含量为 30%的双氧水以体积比为 1 : 1-4混合 得到。
14、根据权利要求 11-13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述 PEO-Ca 溶液的 pH值为 6.0~7.5;
所述 PEO-Ca溶液中, 所述聚氧化乙烯与所述硝酸钙的摩尔比为 1.0: 200~1600。
15、 根据权利要求 11-14中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述 PEO-Ca溶液中, 所述聚氧化乙烯的摩尔浓度为 1.0xlO—5mol/L~1.0xlO—3mol/L, 所述硝酸钙的摩尔浓度为 0.2~1.5mol/L;
所述聚氧化乙烯的平均分子量为 50000 900000。
16、 根据权利要求 11-15中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述磷酸根离子和氟离 子水溶液中的磷酸根离子来自 NaH2P04、 KH2P04、 Na2HP04或 K2HP04;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子来自 NaF、 KF或 NH4F;
所述磷酸根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸根离子的摩尔浓度为 0.2~1.5mol/L, 所 述氟离子的摩尔浓度为 0.17~0.50mol/L。
17、 根据权利要求 11-16中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述聚氧 化乙烯、 所述硝酸钙、 所述磷酸根离子与所述氟离子的摩尔比为 1 : 800-1600: 600-1600: 160-240
18、 根据权利要求 11-17中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述反应 在 35~40°C的条件下进行 3~15天。
19、 权利要求 11-18中任一项所述方法制备的牙齿修复与美白材料。
20、 聚氧化乙烯在调控羟基磷酸钙和氟磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。
21、 一种牙科修复材料的制备方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 将牙本质浸泡于 EDTA水溶液中;
(2)将经步骤(1 )处理后的牙本质置于透明质酸钠 -硝酸钙水凝胶中; 经静置后继续 加入磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液, 经反应即得到所述牙科修复材料;
所述透明质酸钠-硝酸钙水凝胶为透明质酸钠与硝酸钙水溶液的混合物。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (1 ) 中, 所述 EDTA水溶液的 摩尔浓度为 0.25~0.4mol/L;
所述浸泡的温度可为 60~70°C, 时间可为 6~7小时。
23、 根据权利要求 21或 22所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤(2) 中, 所述透明质酸钠 -硝酸钙水凝胶的 pH值为 6.5~7.4;
所述透明质酸钠 -硝酸钙水凝胶中, 所述透明质酸钠与所述硝酸钙的质量比为 2: 2·3~2·4。
24、 根据权利要求 21-23中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 所述硝酸钙水溶液的摩 尔浓度为 0.10~0.20mol/L。
25、 根据权利要求 21-24中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述磷酸 二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中的磷酸二氢根离子来自 NH4H2P04;
所述磷酸二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中的氟离子来自 NH4F。
26、 根据权利要求 21-25中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述磷酸 二氢根离子和氟离子水溶液中, 所述磷酸二氢根离子的摩尔浓度为 0.15~0.18mol/L, 所述氟 离子的摩尔浓度为 0.05~0.06mol/L。
27、 根据权利要求 21-26中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 硝酸钙、 所述磷酸二氢根离子与所述氟离子的摩尔比为 4.5~5: 3: 0.5~2。
28、 根据权利要求 21-27中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于: 步骤 (2) 中, 所述反应 在 35~40°C的条件下进行 2~7天。
29、 权利要求 21-28中任一项所述方法制备的牙科修复材料。
30、 透明质酸钠在调控氟化羟基磷酸钙晶体生长中的应用。
PCT/CN2013/001026 2013-06-20 2013-08-30 一种牙科修复材料及其制备方法 WO2014201592A1 (zh)

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