WO2014199938A1 - 水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度制御剤 - Google Patents
水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度制御剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014199938A1 WO2014199938A1 PCT/JP2014/065198 JP2014065198W WO2014199938A1 WO 2014199938 A1 WO2014199938 A1 WO 2014199938A1 JP 2014065198 W JP2014065198 W JP 2014065198W WO 2014199938 A1 WO2014199938 A1 WO 2014199938A1
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- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- fracturing fluid
- oxide
- control agent
- fracturing
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/536—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/70—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
- C09K8/725—Compositions containing polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
- C09K8/885—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/26—Gel breakers other than bacteria or enzymes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a viscosity controlling agent for a fracturing fluid used in a hydraulic fracturing method.
- the hydraulic fracturing method has been used in the mining of crude oil and natural gas, but in recent years, the use of the hydraulic fracturing method has become widespread with the development of mining technology such as shale gas and shale oil.
- a high pressure is applied in the well to form a fracture (fracture) in the mining layer, and by introducing a support material such as sand into the fracture, the fracture is prevented from clogging.
- Gas and oil are mined by providing a passage with high gas and oil permeability.
- a fracturing fluid having a high viscosity containing a support material (for example, sand) or a gelling agent in water is generally injected.
- Such a fracturing fluid is required to have a viscosity capable of generating a sufficient fracture in the mining layer and transporting a support material such as sand to the fracture. Furthermore, since the fracturing fluid is recovered from the well after the formation of the fracture, the viscosity needs to be reduced during the recovery. Therefore, it is desired that the fracturing fluid is designed to have a sufficiently high viscosity during the fracturing operation and to be easily recovered because the viscosity decreases during the fracturing operation.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an aqueous composition used as a fracturing fluid.
- the aqueous composition includes (1) a hydratable polymer and (2) a viscosity of an aqueous medium. It is disclosed that a peroxygen compound capable of substantially generating a sufficient amount of free radicals and (3) a nitrite ion source are included.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for suppressing an early decrease in the viscosity of a fracturing fluid due to a peroxygen compound by capturing free radicals generated by a peroxygen compound that lowers the viscosity of an aqueous composition with a nitrite ion source. Has been.
- the present invention relates to a viscosity control agent for a fracturing fluid, which can maintain a high viscosity of the fracturing fluid during a fracturing operation in the hydraulic fracturing method, and can reduce the viscosity during a recovery operation of the fracturing fluid. And a method of mining crude oil or natural gas using the fracturing fluid.
- the viscosity control agent used for controlling the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method comprising a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent, and the viscosity control agent being a tablet, It has been found that the high viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be maintained during the fracturing operation in the crushing method, and the viscosity can be decreased during the fracturing fluid recovery operation.
- the present invention has been completed by further studies based on these findings.
- a viscosity control agent used to control the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method A viscosity control agent, comprising a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent, which is a tablet.
- a viscosity control agent comprising a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent, which is a tablet.
- Item 2. Item 2. The viscosity controlling agent according to Item 1, wherein the ratio of the polyalkylene oxide in the viscosity controlling agent is 30 to 99.99% by mass.
- Item 3. Item 3.
- the viscosity control agent according to Item 1 or 2 wherein the tablet has a mass of 0.2 g or more.
- Item 4. The polyalkylene oxide has a viscosity at 25 ° C.
- Item 4 The viscosity controlling agent according to any one of Items 1 to 3, which is 80,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- Item 5. The viscosity controlling agent according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the viscosity reducing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of a radical generator, an acid, and an enzyme.
- Item 6. Item 6. The viscosity controller according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the monomer unit constituting the polyalkylene oxide has 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Item 7. The viscosity controller according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the polyalkylene oxide includes at least one monomer unit selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, and butylene oxide units.
- the polyalkylene oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene oxide, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, ethylene oxide-butylene oxide copolymer, and propylene oxide-butylene oxide copolymer.
- Item 8. The viscosity control agent according to any one of Items 1 to 7, which is a seed.
- a tablet comprising a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent to control the viscosity change of a fracturing fluid used in a hydraulic fracturing process.
- Item 10. Item 15. A fracturing fluid used in a hydraulic fracturing method, comprising the viscosity controlling agent according to any one of Items 1 to 8, water, a support material, and a gelling agent.
- Item 11. The control method of the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid used for the hydraulic crushing method using the tablet containing a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent.
- a method for mining crude oil or natural gas Forming a mine hole in the formation; The step of introducing the fracturing fluid according to Item 11 into the mining hole to form a fracture in a part of the formation; Mining crude oil or natural gas from the mining hole; A method for mining crude oil or natural gas.
- a viscosity controlling agent for a fracturing fluid that can maintain a high viscosity of the fracturing fluid during a fracturing operation in the hydraulic fracturing method and can reduce the viscosity during a fracturing fluid recovery operation. be able to. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fracturing fluid containing the viscosity control agent and a method for mining crude oil or natural gas using the fracturing fluid.
- 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the storage time at 40 ° C. and the viscosity retention rate in the fracturing fluid using the viscosity control agents obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of days stored at 40 ° C. and the viscosity retention rate in the fracturing fluid using the viscosity control agents obtained in Examples 1 and 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of days for storage at 40 ° C. and the viscosity retention rate in the fracturing fluid using the viscosity control agents obtained in Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Examples 5 to 9.
- 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of days stored at 40 ° C.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of days stored at 40 ° C. and the viscosity retention rate in the fracturing fluid using the viscosity control agents obtained in Examples 12 to 15 and Comparative Examples 10 to 12.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention is a viscosity control agent used for controlling a change in viscosity of a fracturing fluid used in a hydraulic fracturing method, and includes a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent, and is a tablet. It is characterized by.
- the viscosity controlling agent for a fracturing fluid, the fracturing fluid, and a method for mining crude oil or natural gas using the fracturing fluid will be described in detail.
- the viscosity control agent of this invention is a viscosity control agent used in order to control the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid used for the hydraulic fracturing method.
- the hydraulic fracturing method applies a high pressure in the well to form a fracture in the mining layer, and introduces a support material such as sand into the fracture.
- a support material such as sand into the fracture.
- the fracturing fluid is a fluid that is used in the hydraulic fracturing method and is pressed into the well.
- the fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method generally contains water as a main component, and includes a support material (proppant) such as sand and gravel, a gelling agent, and the like.
- a support material such as sand and gravel, a gelling agent, and the like.
- the fracturing fluid of the present invention contains the viscosity control agent of the present invention.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention is a tablet containing a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent.
- the polyalkylene oxide is not particularly limited as long as it contains alkylene oxide as a monomer unit, but effectively controls the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid (that is, the fracturing fluid during the generation of the fracture in the hydraulic fracturing method).
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. when the aqueous solution is 0.5% by mass is about 20 to 1,500 mPa ⁇ s. Those having a viscosity of about 20 to 1,000 mPa ⁇ s are more preferable.
- the polyalkylene oxide preferably has a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 50 to 80,000 mPa ⁇ s when it is a 5% by mass aqueous solution, and is about 100 to 80,000 mPa ⁇ s. Those are more preferred.
- the measuring method of a viscosity when making polyalkylene oxide into 0.5 mass% aqueous solution is as follows. Put 497.5g of ion-exchanged water in a 1L beaker, add 2.5g of polyalkylene oxide while stirring under a flat plate of 80mm width and 25mm length and tip peripheral speed of 1.0m / s. An aqueous solution is prepared for 3 hours.
- the obtained aqueous solution is immersed in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes or more and measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (rotation speed: 12 rpm, 3 minutes, 25 ° C.).
- the measuring method of the viscosity when it is set as 5 mass% aqueous solution is as follows. Add 475.0 g of ion-exchanged water to a 1 L beaker, add 25.0 g of polyalkylene oxide while stirring under the condition of a flat plate with a width of 80 mm and a length of 25 mm and a tip peripheral speed of 1.0 m / s. An aqueous solution is prepared for 3 hours. The obtained aqueous solution is immersed in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes or more and measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (rotation speed: 12 rpm, 3 minutes, 25 ° C.).
- the number of carbon atoms of the monomer unit constituting the polyalkylene oxide is preferably about 2 to 4, more preferably about 2 to 3.
- Preferred alkylene oxide units include aliphatic alkylene oxide units having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, butylene oxide units, and more preferably, the number of carbon atoms such as ethylene oxide units and propylene oxide units. 2 to 3 aliphatic alkylene oxide units.
- propylene oxide units include 1,2-propylene oxide units and 1,3-propylene oxide units.
- the butylene oxide unit include 1,2-butylene oxide units, 2,3-butylene oxide units, and isobutylene oxide units. These alkylene oxide units may be included alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyalkylene oxide may be a block copolymer containing at least one of these alkylene oxide units, or may be a random copolymer.
- polyalkylene oxides include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene oxide, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, ethylene oxide-butylene oxide copolymer, propylene oxide-butylene oxide copolymer, and the like. These copolymers may be either block copolymers or random copolymers.
- a polyalkylene oxide may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the polyalkylene oxide may be produced by a conventionally known method, or a commercially available product may be used.
- Commercially available products of polyalkylene oxide include, for example, trade names: PEO-1 (5 mass% aqueous solution viscosity: 50 to 200 mPa ⁇ s) manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., PEO-3 (5 mass% aqueous solution viscosity: 2, 500-5,500 mPa ⁇ s), PEO-8 (0.5 wt% aqueous solution viscosity: 20-70 mPa ⁇ s), PEO-18 (0.5 wt% aqueous solution viscosity: 250-430 mPa ⁇ s) PEO-29 ( 0.5% by mass aqueous solution viscosity: 800 to 1,000 mPa ⁇ s).
- PEO is a registered trademark of Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd.
- the viscosity reducing agent is not particularly limited as long as it lowers the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, and examples thereof include a radical generator, an acid, and an enzyme.
- a viscosity reducing agent may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the fracturing fluid contains water, a support material, a gelling agent, and the like, and the viscosity of water is increased by the gelling agent.
- the viscosity reducing agent acts on a gelling agent or the like in the fracturing fluid to reduce the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, and is sometimes called a breaker or the like.
- the radical generator used as the viscosity reducing agent (in this specification, sometimes referred to as a radical initiator) is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used. Specific examples include 2,2 ′.
- An azo radical generator such as azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile (ADVN); a peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxodisulfate, or t-butyl hydroperoxide; an ammonium salt of monopersulfate; Examples include alkali metal salts of monopersulfuric acid, ammonium salts of dipersulfuric acid, alkali metal salts of dipersulfuric acid, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of hypochlorous acid, chlorinated isocyanurates, etc.
- the viscosity control agent for example, when a hydratable polymer compound described later is used, the viscosity control agent contains a radical generator, thereby allowing hydration.
- Molecular compound is low molecular weight, it is possible to reduce the viscosity of the fracturing fluid effectively.
- the acid used as the viscosity reducing agent is not particularly limited, and known acids can be used. Specific examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, fumaric acid and the like.
- the enzyme used as the viscosity reducing agent is not particularly limited, and known enzymes can be used. Specific examples include ⁇ -amylase, ⁇ -amylase, amyloglucosidase, oligoglucosidase, saccharase, maltase, cellulase, hemicellulase. Etc.
- the viscosity control agent contains an enzyme to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds of the polysaccharide, effectively reducing the viscosity of the fracturing fluid. Can be made.
- the viscosity control agent may contain other components in addition to the polyalkylene oxide and the viscosity reducing agent as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the viscosity controlling agent of the present invention contains the above polyalkylene oxide and the above viscosity reducing agent, and is a tablet, whereby the viscosity reduction of the fracturing fluid can be effectively controlled. That is, the tablet dissolves slowly in the fracturing fluid, so that the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is maintained at a high viscosity for a predetermined period, and the viscosity reducing agent is dispersed in the fracturing fluid after the predetermined period has elapsed. The viscosity of the ring fluid can be reduced.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention slowly dissolves in the fracturing fluid during the generation of fracture in the hydraulic fracturing method, and the predetermined fluid
- the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is maintained high over time.
- the polyalkylene oxide and the viscosity reducing agent in the tablet dissolve in the fracturing fluid, and the viscosity reducing agent is dispersed to form a gelling agent in the fracturing fluid. Acting can reduce the viscosity of the fracturing fluid.
- the ratio of the polyalkylene oxide in the viscosity control agent of the present invention can be appropriately set according to a predetermined period during which the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is changed from high viscosity to low viscosity, and preferably 30 to 99.99 mass%. About 50 to 99.99% by mass, and more preferably about 70 to 99.9% by mass.
- the lower the ratio of the polyalkylene oxide in the viscosity control agent the faster the dispersion (dissolution) of the viscosity reducing agent into the fracturing fluid, so the period until the viscosity is reduced to be suitable for recovery of the fracturing fluid. Can be shortened.
- the mass (size) of the tablet can be appropriately set according to a predetermined period during which the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is changed from high viscosity to low viscosity, preferably 0.2 g. From the above, more preferably about 0.2 to 10 g, still more preferably about 0.5 to 2 g.
- the dispersion (dissolution) of the viscosity reducing agent into the fracturing fluid becomes slower, so that the period until the viscosity is reduced to be suitable for recovery of the fracturing fluid can be lengthened.
- the smaller the tablet mass the shorter the period until the viscosity is reduced to a suitable value for recovering the fracturing fluid.
- the amount of the viscosity control agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the set viscosity at the time of the fracture generating operation and the recovery operation of the target fracturing fluid.
- the fracturing fluid for example, About 0.01 to 1% by mass, preferably about 0.1 to 0.5% by mass.
- the arrangement of the polyalkylene oxide and the viscosity reducing agent in the tablet is not particularly limited.
- a matrix type or viscosity reducing agent in which the polyalkylene oxide and the viscosity reducing agent are uniformly dispersed in the tablet is used.
- examples include a core-shell type that is located in the center (core part) of the tablet and in which the polyalkylene oxide is located around the viscosity reducing agent (shell part).
- the dispersion (dissolution) of the viscosity reducing agent in the fracturing fluid is slower than when the tablet is of the matrix type, so that the period until the viscosity reduction suitable for recovery can be delayed.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention can be produced by mixing a polyalkylene oxide, a viscosity reducing agent, and other components as required, and forming into a tablet shape. That is, the viscosity control agent can be produced by forming a composition in which a polyalkylene oxide, a viscosity reducing agent, and other components as necessary are mixed, and molding this into a tablet shape.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention is, for example, a matrix type
- the above polyalkylene oxide powder and the above viscosity reducing agent powder are uniformly mixed and formed into a tablet shape using a tableting machine or the like.
- the core-shell type it can be produced by arranging with a viscosity reducing agent powder at the center portion and a polyalkylene oxide powder around it and molding with a tableting machine or the like.
- the tableting pressure and the like can be appropriately set according to the mass (size) of the target tablet.
- the viscosity control agent of the present invention can be used as a fracturing fluid in the hydraulic fracturing method, so that the high viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be maintained during the fracturing operation in the hydraulic fracturing method, and the viscosity can be increased during the fracturing operation. Since it can be lowered, it can be suitably used as a viscosity control agent used for controlling the viscosity change of the fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method.
- the fracturing fluid of the present invention includes the above viscosity control agent, water, a support material (propant), and a gelling agent.
- the fracturing fluid of the present invention is a fluid that is used in a hydraulic fracturing method and is pressed into a well.
- the water is not particularly limited, and for example, ground water, river water, rain water, industrial water, tap water, and the like can be used.
- the ratio of water in the fracturing fluid is usually about 90 to 99% by mass.
- the support material is not particularly limited, and a support material used for a known fracturing fluid can be used.
- the support material include sand, gravel, walnut shell, minerals such as talc and bentonite.
- One type of support material may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the ratio of the support material in the fracturing fluid is usually about 0.1 to 1% by mass.
- the gelling agent is not particularly limited, and a gelling agent used for a known fracturing fluid can be used.
- Specific examples of the gelling agent include hydratable polymer compounds such as polysaccharides, polyacrylamides, polyacrylamide copolymers, and polyalkylene oxides.
- the polysaccharide is not particularly limited, but preferably guar gum, locust bean gum, carboxymethyl gum, karaya gum, sodium carboxymethyl guar, hydroxyethyl guar, hydroxypropyl guar, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, Examples thereof include hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- the gelling agent one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the ratio of the gelling agent in the fracturing fluid is usually about 0.1 to 1% by mass.
- the fracturing fluid of the present invention may further contain other additives contained in a known fracturing fluid such as a cross-linking agent and a surfactant.
- a cross-linking agent include polyvalent metal ions such as chromium (III), aluminum (III), and titanium (IV), and polyvalent anions such as borate.
- the fracturing fluid of the present invention can be easily produced by mixing water, a viscosity control agent, a support material, a gelling agent, and other additives as required. Since the fracturing fluid of the present invention contains the above-described viscosity control agent, it can be suitably used as a fracturing fluid used in the hydraulic fracturing method. Furthermore, as described later, the fracturing fluid of the present invention can be suitably used as a fracturing fluid that is press-fitted in a crude oil or natural gas mining method.
- the viscosity of the fracturing fluid of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be the same as that of a known fracturing fluid.
- Examples of the viscosity of the fracturing fluid when used in the fracture generating operation include about 500 to 2,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- recovering a fracturing fluid 100 mPa * s or less is mentioned, for example.
- the method for measuring the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is as follows. The fracturing fluid is immersed in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes or more and measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (rotation speed 12 rpm, 3 minutes, 25 ° C.).
- the method for mining crude oil or natural gas according to the present invention includes a step of forming a mining hole in the formation, a step of introducing the fracturing fluid of the present invention into the mining hole and forming a fracture in a part of the formation, and a mining hole. And the step of collecting crude oil or natural gas from The step of forming a mine hole in the formation, the step of introducing a fracturing fluid into the pit and forming a fracture in a part of the formation, and the step of collecting crude oil or natural gas from the pit are known mining methods. It can be performed according to.
- the fracturing fluid containing the viscosity control agent according to the present invention is used, so that the high viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be maintained during the fracturing operation, and the fracturing fluid is recovered. Viscosity can be reduced. For this reason, according to the crude oil or natural gas mining method of the present invention, crude oil or natural gas can be efficiently mined.
- Example 1 0.5 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5% by weight aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and a radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was dry blended, placed in a 10 mm diameter mortar, and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type).
- PEO-29 polyethylene oxide
- ADVN 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile
- This viscosity control agent was added to a 0.5 mass% polyethylene oxide aqueous solution obtained by dissolving 2.5 g of the above polyethylene oxide with 497.5 g of water to obtain a fracturing fluid.
- the results are shown in Table 1 (actual measured values) and FIGS.
- the amount of radical generator (radical initiator) is 1000 ppm with respect to the amount of polyethylene oxide in the polyethylene oxide aqueous solution.
- the viscosity of polyethylene oxide used as a viscosity control agent was measured as follows. Put 497.5 g of ion-exchanged water in a 1 L beaker, add 2.5 g of sample while stirring under the condition that the tip peripheral speed is 1.0 m / s on a flat plate of width 80 mm and length 25 mm, and stirring for 3 hours. An aqueous solution was prepared continuously. The obtained aqueous solution was immersed in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes or more and measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (rotation speed: 12 rpm, 3 minutes, 25 ° C.).
- the viscosity of the fracturing fluid obtained in the examples and comparative examples was measured as follows.
- the fracturing fluid was immersed in a thermostatic bath at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes or more and measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (rotation speed: 12 rpm, 3 minutes, 25 ° C.).
- the viscosity retention rate (viscosity reduction rate) was measured as follows.
- the viscosity (referred to as viscosity A) of the fracturing fluid obtained in the examples and comparative examples was defined as the viscosity on the 0th day. Further, after storage at 40 ° C., the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after a predetermined period of time was measured in the same manner as on day 0 (referred to as viscosity B).
- Example 2 Except that the radical generator (radical initiator) is placed in the center (core part) of the tablet, and polyethylene oxide is placed around the radical generator (radical initiator) (shell part) (core-shell type). Obtained a viscosity control agent in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the transition of the viscosity and the viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 2 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 3 Example 1 except that 0.5 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-18 manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5 mass% aqueous solution viscosity: 250 mPa ⁇ s) was used in the production of the viscosity control agent. In the same manner as above, a viscosity control agent was obtained. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 3 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 4 Except that the radical generator (radical initiator) is placed in the center (core part) of the tablet, and polyethylene oxide is placed around the radical generator (radical initiator) (shell part) (core-shell type). Obtained a viscosity control agent in the same manner as in Example 3. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the transition of the viscosity and the viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 4 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 5 In preparation of the viscosity control agent, except that the radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′-azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was changed to 0.0025 g of ammonium persulfate. In the same manner as in Example 1, a viscosity control agent was obtained. Next, the transition of the viscosity and the viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 5 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period in the same manner as in Example 1 was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 6 0.5 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5% by weight aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and a radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was dry blended, placed in a 10 mm diameter mortar, and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type).
- PEO-29 polyethylene oxide
- ADVN 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile
- This viscosity control agent was added to a 0.5% by mass aqueous guar gum solution obtained by dissolving 2.5 g of guar gum (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) with 497.5 g of water to obtain a fracturing fluid. It was. The transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention when the obtained fracturing fluid was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period (0 to 7 days) was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. The amount of radical generator (radical initiator) is 1000 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- Example 7 In preparation of the viscosity control agent, except that the radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′-azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was changed to 0.0025 g of ammonium persulfate.
- ADVN radical generator
- ADVN 2,2′-azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile
- Example 8 A viscosity control agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that 0.0025 g of ammonium persulfate was changed to 0.000625 g in the production of the viscosity control agent. Next, the transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 8 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period in the same manner as in Example 6 was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIGS. The amount of ammonium persulfate is 250 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- Example 9 In preparing the viscosity control agent, 0.25 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5 mass% aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and 0.000625 g of ammonium persulfate are dry blended. Then, it was put into a 5 mm diameter mortar and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type). Next, the transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 9 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period in the same manner as in Example 6 was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. The amount of ammonium persulfate is 250 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- Example 10 In preparing the viscosity control agent, 1.0 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5% by mass aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and 0.000625 g of ammonium persulfate are dry blended. Then, it was put into a mortar having a diameter of 10 mm and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type). Next, the transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 10 was stored at 40 ° C.
- Example 11 In preparation of the viscosity control agent, 0.125 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5 mass% aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and 0.000625 g of ammonium persulfate are dry blended.
- Example 11 was put into a 5 mm diameter mortar and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type).
- a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent matrix type
- the results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- the amount of ammonium persulfate is 250 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- This viscosity control agent was added to a 0.5% by mass aqueous guar gum solution obtained by dissolving 2.5 g of guar gum (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) with 497.5 g of water to obtain a fracturing fluid. It was. The transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention when the obtained fracturing fluid was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period (0 to 7 days) was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. The amount of radical generator (radical initiator) is 1000 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- the results are shown in Table 2 and FIG.
- the amount of ammonium persulfate is 1000 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the aqueous guar gum solution.
- Example 12 0.5 g of polyethylene oxide (trade name: PEO-29, manufactured by Sumitomo Seika Co., Ltd., 0.5% by weight aqueous solution viscosity: 825 mPa ⁇ s) and a radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was dry blended, placed in a 10 mm diameter mortar, and tableted with a pressure of 5 kN to obtain a tablet-shaped viscosity control agent (matrix type).
- PEO-29 polyethylene oxide
- ADVN 2,2′- Azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile
- Example 13 In preparation of the viscosity control agent, except that the radical generator (radical initiator) (ADVN: 2,2′-azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile)) 0.0025 g was changed to 0.0025 g of ammonium persulfate.
- ADVN radical generator
- ADVN 2,2′-azobis (2,4′-dimethylvaleronitrile
- Example 14 A viscosity control agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 12 except that in the production of the viscosity control agent, 0.0025 g of ammonium persulfate was changed to 0.000625 g. Next, the transition of the viscosity and the viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 14 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period in the same manner as in Example 12 was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. In addition, the amount of ammonium persulfate is 250 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the argham gel.
- Example 15 A viscosity control agent was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that in the production of the viscosity control agent, ammonium persulfate was changed to 0.00025 g. Next, the transition of the viscosity and viscosity retention rate when the fracturing fluid obtained in Example 17 was stored at 40 ° C. for a certain period in the same manner as in Example 13 was confirmed. The results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. In addition, the amount of ammonium persulfate is 100 ppm with respect to the amount of guar gum in the argham gel.
- Example 1 there was no significant difference until the first day compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the viscosity control agent was not used, and the viscosity was stable from the third day. The viscosity began to drop rapidly and the viscosity retention decreased to about 10% on the fifth day. Further, in Example 2, the viscosity was stable with no significant difference as compared with Comparative Example 1 until the second day, the viscosity began to decrease from the third day, and the viscosity retention was about 30 on the seventh day. %.
- Example 3 there was no significant difference compared to Comparative Example 1 until the first day, the viscosity was stable, the viscosity began to drop sharply from the second day, and the viscosity retention was about 7 on the fourth day. %.
- Example 4 there was no significant difference compared to Comparative Example 1 until the first day, the viscosity was stable, the viscosity began to drop sharply from the second day, and the viscosity retention was about 11 on the fourth day. %.
- the viscosity retention rate was as high as about 80% even on the seventh day.
- Comparative Example 2 the viscosity retention decreased to about 35% on the first day, and the viscosity retention decreased to about 10% on the second day.
- the fracturing fluids of Examples 1 to 4 using a viscosity control agent containing polyethylene oxide and a radical generator (radical initiator) maintain a high viscosity for a certain period of time. After the lapse of time, it became clear that the viscosity could be drastically decreased. On the other hand, in the fracturing fluid of Comparative Example 1 in which no viscosity control agent was used, the viscosity was maintained high, and in the fracturing fluid of Comparative Example 2 in which polyethylene oxide was not used, the viscosity was lowered early. It became clear.
- Example 1 it can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 2 that the viscosity can be controlled by changing the arrangement of the radical generator (radical initiator) in the tablet. Moreover, it turns out that the viscosity change of a fracturing fluid can be controlled by adjusting the viscosity of the polyethylene oxide used for a viscosity control agent from the comparison with Example 1 and Example 3, Example 2 and Example 4.
- FIG. 1 it can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 2 that the viscosity can be controlled by changing the arrangement of the radical generator (radical initiator) in the tablet.
- the viscosity change of a fracturing fluid can be controlled by adjusting the viscosity of the polyethylene oxide used for a viscosity control agent from the comparison with Example 1 and Example 3, Example 2 and Example 4.
- Example 5 From the results of Example 5 shown in FIG. 2, it is understood that the viscosity can be controlled even when an ammonium salt of monopersulfuric acid is used as the viscosity reducing agent.
- the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is not limited to 0.5% polyethylene oxide aqueous solution but a polysaccharide guar gum aqueous solution (0.5%) is used.
- the reducing agent radio generator
- the radical generator or the ammonium salt of monopersulfuric acid as a viscosity reducing agent is directly added to the fracturing fluid without forming a tablet as in Comparative Examples 6 and 7 in FIG. 3, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid is increased. It turns out that falls rapidly.
- a guar gum aqueous solution (0.5%), which is a polysaccharide, was used instead of the 0.5% polyethylene oxide aqueous solution.
- polyvinyl alcohol is used instead of polyethylene oxide as the viscosity control agent, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid starts to decrease immediately, and as shown in Examples 6 to 11 in FIG. 3 or FIG. It can be seen that the viscosity cannot be lowered later.
- Example 12 As shown in FIG. 5, also in Example 12 using sodium tetraborate (0.05%) and guar gum (0.5%) aqueous solution as the fracturing fluid, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be adjusted. it can.
- the type of viscosity reducing agent and the concentration of the viscosity reducing agent were also used. It can be seen that the viscosity of the fracturing fluid can be adjusted by adjusting the above.
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Abstract
Description
項1. 水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化を制御するために使用される粘度制御剤であって、
ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含み、錠剤である、粘度制御剤。
項2. 前記粘度制御剤における前記ポリアルキレンオキシドの割合が、30~99.99質量%である、項1に記載の粘度制御剤。
項3. 前記錠剤の質量が0.2g以上である、項1または2に記載の粘度制御剤。
項4. 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドは、0.5質量%の水溶液としたときの25℃における粘度が20~1,500mPa・sであるか、または5質量%の水溶液としたときの25℃における粘度が50~80,000mPa・sである、項1~3のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
項5. 前記粘度低下剤が、ラジカル発生剤、酸、及び酵素からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種である、項1~4のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
項6. 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドを構成するモノマー単位の炭素数が2~4である、項1~5のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
項7. 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドが、エチレンオキシド単位、プロピレンオキシド単位、及びブチレンオキシド単位からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種のモノマー単位を含む、項1~6のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
項8. 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドが、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド、ポリブチレンオキシド、エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシド共重合体、エチレンオキシド-ブチレンオキシド共重合体、及びプロピレンオキシド-ブチレンオキシド共重合体からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種である、項1~7のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
項9. ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含む錠剤の、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化を制御するための使用。
項10. 項1~8のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤と、水と、支持材と、ゲル化剤とを含む、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体。
項11. ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含む錠剤を用いる、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化の制御方法。
項12. 原油または天然ガスの採掘方法であって、
地層に採掘孔を形成する工程と、
前記採掘孔に、項11に記載のフラクチャリング流体を導入し、前記地層の一部にフラクチャーを形成する工程と、
前記採掘孔から原油または天然ガスを採掘する工程と、
を備える、原油または天然ガスの採掘方法。
本発明の粘度制御剤は、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化を制御するために使用される粘度制御剤である。水圧破砕法とは、例えば原油、天然ガスなどの採掘に際し、坑井内に高い圧力を加えて採掘層にフラクチャー(割れ目)を形成し、このフラクチャーに砂などの支持材を導入することにより、フラクチャーが閉塞することを防ぎ、採掘層内にガスや油の浸透性が高い通路を設ける方法をいう。
本発明のフラクチャリング流体は、上記の粘度制御剤と、水と、支持材(プロパント)と、ゲル化剤とを含む。本発明のフラクチャリング流体は、水圧破砕法に用いられ、坑井内に圧入される流体である。水としては、特に制限されず、例えば、地下水、河川水、雨水、工業用水、水道水などを用いることができる。フラクチャリング流体中における水の割合は、通常、90~99質量%程度である。
本発明の原油または天然ガスの採掘方法は、地層に採掘孔を形成する工程と、採掘孔に、本発明のフラクチャリング流体を導入し、地層の一部にフラクチャーを形成する工程と、採掘孔から原油または天然ガスを採収する工程とを備える。地層に採掘孔を形成する工程、採掘孔に、フラクチャリング流体を導入し、地層の一部にフラクチャーを形成する工程、及び採掘孔から原油または天然ガスを採収する工程は、公知の採掘方法に準じて行うことができる。本発明の原油または天然ガスの採掘方法においては、本発明の粘度制御剤を含むフラクチャリング流体を用いるため、フラクチャーの生成作業時にはフラクチャリング流体の高い粘度を維持でき、フラクチャリング流体の回収作業時には粘度を低下させることができる。このため、本発明の原油または天然ガスの採掘方法によれば、効率よく原油または天然ガスを採掘することができる。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)0.5gとラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4'-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、上記ポリエチレンオキシド2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1(実測値)及び図1,2(グラフ)に示す。なお、ポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中のポリエチレンオキシド量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
実施例及び比較例において、粘度制御剤に用いたポリエチレンオキシドの粘度は以下のようにして測定した。1L容のビーカーにイオン交換水497.5gを入れ、幅80mm、縦25mmの平板で先端周速が1.0m/sの条件下で攪拌しながら試料2.5gを投入し、攪拌を3時間継続して水溶液を調製した。得られた水溶液を、25℃の恒温槽に30分以上浸し、B型回転粘度計(回転数12rpm、3分、25℃)により測定した。
また、実施例及び比較例で得られたフラクチャリング流体の粘度は、以下のようにして測定した。フラクチャリング流体を25℃の恒温槽に30分以上浸し、B型回転粘度計(回転数12rpm、3分、25℃)により測定した。
実施例及び比較例において、粘度保持率(粘度低下率)は以下のようにして測定した。実施例及び比較例で得られたフラクチャリング流体の粘度(粘度Aとする)を0日目の粘度とした。また、40℃で保管後、所定の期間が経過したフラクチャリング流体の粘度を、それぞれ0日目と同様にして測定した(粘度Bとする)。粘度保持率は、粘度A及び粘度Bを用いて、以下の式により算出した。
粘度B/粘度A×100=粘度保持率(%)
ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)を錠剤の中心部(コア部)に配置し、ポリエチレンオキシドをラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の周り(シェル部)に配置した錠剤(コアシェル型)としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図1に示す。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-18、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:250mPa・s)0.5gを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例1と同様にして、実施例3で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図1に示す。
ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)を錠剤の中心部(コア部)に配置し、ポリエチレンオキシドをラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の周り(シェル部)に配置した錠剤(コアシェル型)としたこと以外は、実施例3と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例1と同様にして、実施例4で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図1に示す。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gを過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gに変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例1と同様にして実施例5で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図2に示す。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のポリエチレンオキシド水溶液をフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図1,2に示す。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のポリエチレンオキシド水溶液に、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4'-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gを添加してフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図1,2に示す。なお、ポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中のポリエチレンオキシド量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のポリエチレンオキシド水溶液に、過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gを添加してフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図2に示す。なお、ポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中のポリエチレンオキシド量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ株式会社製の商品名:クラレポバールPVA-403)0.5gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、上記ポリエチレンオキシド2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図2に示す。なお、ポリエチレンオキシド水溶液中のポリエチレンオキシド量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)0.5gとラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gを過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gに変更したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例6と同様にして実施例7で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gを0.000625gに変更したこと以外は、実施例7と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例6と同様にして実施例8で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図3,4に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は250ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)0.25gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.000625gとをドライブレンドし、直径5mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。次に、実施例6と同様にして実施例9で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図4に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は250ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)1.0gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.000625gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。次に、実施例6と同様にして実施例10で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図4に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は250ppmである。
[実施例11]
粘度制御剤の作製において、ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)0.125gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.000625gとをドライブレンドし、直径5mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。次に、実施例6と同様にして実施例11で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表1及び図4に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は250ppmである。
グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液をフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図3に示す。
グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液に、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gを添加してフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液に、過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gを添加してフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ株式会社製の商品名:クラレポバールPVA-403)0.5gとラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ株式会社製の商品名:クラレポバールPVA-403)0.5gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガム水溶液中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図3に示す。なお、グアーガム水溶液中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
ポリエチレンオキシド(住友精化株式会社製の商品名:PEO-29、0.5質量%の水溶液粘度:825mPa・s)0.5gとラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gと四ほう酸ナトリウム(無水)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.25gとを水497.5gで溶解して得たグアーガムゲル中に添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、グアーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)(ADVN:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4’-ジメチルバレロニトリル))0.0025gを過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gに変更したこと以外は、実施例12と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例12と同様にして実施例13で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、グアーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gを0.000625gに変更したこと以外は、実施例12と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例12と同様にして実施例14で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、アーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は250ppmである。
粘度制御剤の作製において、過硫酸アンモニウムを0.00025gに変更したこと以外は、実施例13と同様にして、粘度制御剤を得た。次に、実施例13と同様にして実施例17で得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、アーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は100ppmである。
グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gと四ほう酸ナトリウム(無水)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.25gとを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガムゲルをフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。
グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gと四ほう酸ナトリウム(無水)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.25gとを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガムゲルに、過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gを添加してフラクチャリング流体とし、40℃で一定期間保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、グアーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、ラジカル発生剤(ラジカル開始剤)の量は1000ppmである。
ポリビニルアルコール(クラレ株式会社製の商品名:クラレポバールPVA-403)0.5gと過硫酸アンモニウム0.0025gとをドライブレンドし、直径10mmの臼に入れ、5kNの圧力で打錠し錠剤形状の粘度制御剤(マトリックス型)を得た。この粘度制御剤1錠を、グアーガム(和光純薬工業株式会社製)2.5gと四ほう酸ナトリウム(無水)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.25gとを水497.5gで溶解して得た0.5質量%のグアーガムゲルに添加し、フラクチャリング流体を得た。得られたフラクチャリング流体を40℃で一定期間(0~7日間)保管した際の粘度及び粘度保持率の推移を確認した。結果を表2及び図5に示す。なお、グアーガムゲル中のグアーガム量に対して、過硫酸アンモニウムの量は1000ppmである。
Claims (12)
- 水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化を制御するために使用される粘度制御剤であって、
ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含み、錠剤である、粘度制御剤。 - 前記粘度制御剤における前記ポリアルキレンオキシドの割合が、30~99.99質量%である、請求項1に記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記錠剤の質量が0.2g以上である、請求項1または2に記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドは、0.5質量%の水溶液としたときの25℃における粘度が20~1,500mPa・sであるか、または5質量%の水溶液としたときの25℃における粘度が50~80,000mPa・sである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記粘度低下剤が、ラジカル発生剤、酸、及び酵素からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドを構成するモノマー単位の炭素数が2~4である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドが、エチレンオキシド単位、プロピレンオキシド単位、及びブチレンオキシド単位からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種のモノマー単位を含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
- 前記ポリアルキレンオキシドが、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド、ポリブチレンオキシド、エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシド共重合体、エチレンオキシド-ブチレンオキシド共重合体、及びプロピレンオキシド-ブチレンオキシド共重合体からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤。
- ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含む錠剤の、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化を制御するための使用。
- ポリアルキレンオキシドと粘度低下剤とを含む錠剤を用いる、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度変化の制御方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の粘度制御剤と、水と、支持材と、ゲル化剤とを含む、水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体。
- 原油または天然ガスの採掘方法であって、
地層に採掘孔を形成する工程と、
前記採掘孔に、請求項11に記載のフラクチャリング流体を導入し、前記地層の一部にフラクチャーを形成する工程と、
前記採掘孔から原油または天然ガスを採掘する工程と、
を備える、原油または天然ガスの採掘方法。
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BR112015030841A BR112015030841A2 (pt) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | agente de controle da viscosidade de fluido de fraturamento a ser usado em fraturamento hidráulico |
EP14811175.0A EP3009491B1 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | Fracturing fluid viscosity-controlling agent to be used in hydraulic fracturing |
JP2014543656A JP5745705B2 (ja) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | 水圧破砕法に用いられるフラクチャリング流体の粘度制御剤 |
AU2014279245A AU2014279245B2 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | Fracturing fluid viscosity-controlling agent to be used in hydraulic fracturing |
US14/897,340 US10240445B2 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | Fracturing fluid viscosity-controlling agent to be used in hydraulic fracturing |
CN201480031666.1A CN105283523A (zh) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | 水力压裂法中使用的压裂流体的粘度控制剂 |
RU2015156645A RU2691183C2 (ru) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | Регулирующее вязкость жидкости для гидроразрыва вещество для применения в гидравлическом разрыве пласта |
CA2914807A CA2914807C (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2014-06-09 | Fracturing fluid viscosity-controlling agent in tablet form and containing a polyalkylene oxide and a viscosity reducing agent |
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CN (1) | CN105283523A (ja) |
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CA2992023A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | Adeka Corporation | Encapsulated agent and variable viscosity fluid |
WO2017022681A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-09 | 株式会社Adeka | カプセル剤及びその製造方法、並びに粘度可変流体 |
JP2020509133A (ja) | 2017-03-01 | 2020-03-26 | サウジ アラビアン オイル カンパニー | 高圧下でのグアー/ボレート系の粘度低下を最小化する添加剤 |
CN112567003B (zh) | 2018-08-13 | 2022-08-09 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 粘性流体的分解剂和该分解剂的制造方法 |
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CA2914807C (en) | 2021-12-28 |
JPWO2014199938A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
EP3009491A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
AU2014279245B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN105283523A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
RU2015156645A (ru) | 2017-07-14 |
US10240445B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
US20160115374A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
EP3009491A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
JP5745705B2 (ja) | 2015-07-08 |
EP3009491B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
AU2014279245A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
CA2914807A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
BR112015030841A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
RU2691183C2 (ru) | 2019-06-11 |
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