WO2014197972A1 - Élément de structure de construction avec barrière thermique intégrée et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Élément de structure de construction avec barrière thermique intégrée et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014197972A1
WO2014197972A1 PCT/CA2014/000493 CA2014000493W WO2014197972A1 WO 2014197972 A1 WO2014197972 A1 WO 2014197972A1 CA 2014000493 W CA2014000493 W CA 2014000493W WO 2014197972 A1 WO2014197972 A1 WO 2014197972A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
framing member
channel
depth
construction
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2014/000493
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eric De Waal
Original Assignee
Eric De Waal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eric De Waal filed Critical Eric De Waal
Priority to CA2914097A priority Critical patent/CA2914097A1/fr
Priority to US14/896,761 priority patent/US20160289968A1/en
Publication of WO2014197972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014197972A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78Heat insulating elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7409Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
    • E04B2/7412Posts or frame members specially adapted for reduced sound or heat transmission
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to building construction materials, and more particularly to construction materials with enhanced insulative properties.
  • Typical walls of a building are manufactured with dimensional lumber or other stud materials, having a gypsum or other type of wall board on the interior of the building.
  • Vapor barrier may also be used between the interior wall surface and the studs or dimensional framing members which provide structure to the wall in the building.
  • the studs act as an inner member framework which, along with providing structure and support for the wall itself, also support wall coverings, windows and doors. They also provide mounting cavities or mounting surfaces for electrical wiring, plumbing. HVAC systems and other utilities.
  • Standard dimensional lumber or other aluminum or steel stud materials are often used to construct these walls. Most often interior walls are generally constructed with 2 inch x 4 inch wall studs, although sometimes 2 inch x 6 inch wall studs would be used to provide more strength. Typically the studs or framing members are placed a predefined standard spacing apart, for example either every 16 or 24 inches. Extra studs can be used or provided wherever walls intersect, or to provide a nailing area or additional support.
  • Batts of insulation would typically be installed in the spaces between framing members inside a wall to provide insulation and reduce heat loss through the cavities between the framing members.
  • Insulation batts are important in providing insulation in the areas of the cavities between the framing members. Some common forms of insulation batts are made from fiberglass, mineral wool, or cotton. These batts are fibrous sheets that are long and wide enough to fit snugly between wall studs. Another form of insulation is loose-fill insulation, which is a light fibrous fill. This type of insulation is laborious to install and typically requires a professional installer. Furthermore, this type of insulation is easily affected by air movement. There is also spray- applied insulation that can fill cavities very well, but again, must be applied by a specialized contractor.
  • An effective insulation system will prevent the movement of air through the system. If there are any cavities, they will be filled with insulation, leaving no gaps in or around the insulation.
  • the structural members in the wall oftentimes act as thermal bridges, extending from the warm side of the insulation to the cold side of the insulation, allowing for an easy escape of heat. While insulation batts installed in the cavities between the framing members provide some insulation to a building, the framing members or studs of the wall allow heat transfer to occur from the warm side to the cool side of the wall through the framing members themselves. This problem is further emphasized with the use of metal member portions instead of wood, because much more heat flows through metal studs and joists than through pieces of wood.
  • This extra spacing between the studs reduces the total number of studs in the wall, thus reducing the surface area of the framing members available for heat transfer.
  • the reduction in the number of total framing members reduces the strength of the wall. As such, it is not desirable to reduce the number of framing members, if possible.
  • the reduction in framing members does not eliminate, or even minimize, the heat loss that will occur through the remaining framing members.
  • a further attempt to minimize heat loss through wall studs uses a method of staggering the wall studs that appear next to one another.
  • a first wall stud would be situated against the inner wall leaving a gap between the first wall stud and the outer wall, and a second wall stud adjacent the first wall stud would be situated against the outer wall leaving a gap between the second wall stud and the inner wall, whereby the wall studs would alternate positions as such along the wall.
  • a given stud will not concurrently contact the materials of the inner wall and the materials of the outer wall, and will consequently be unable to transfer heat directly from the inner wall, through to the stud, to the outer wall and out of the building.
  • drawbacks associated with this method, as well.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a construction framing member that comprises standard material but incorporates a thermal break in the form of an insulative material.
  • a framing member for use in the manufacture of a construction framing member, the framing member including a channel for receiving insulative material.
  • the framing member is preferably composed of wood and the channel is preferably a channel running substantially the length of the framing member and exposed at the surface of the framing member at one edge thereof, and extending through the majority of the thickness of the member.
  • a construction framing member that comprises a framing member comprising a channel, and an insulative material situate in the channel.
  • the insulative material has a lower thermal conductivity than the framing member which houses it and therefore increases the thermal insulation properties of the construction framing member.
  • a method of manufacturing a framing member comprising the steps of: (a) providing a length of wood suitable to be used as a framing member, the length of wood having a depth; (b) providing a wood-cutting tool having a cutting implement with an operative length less than the depth; and (c) cutting a channel in the length of wood in the direction of the depth using the cutting implement to form the framing member, such that the channel penetrates into the length of wood to less than the depth.
  • the wood-cutting tool may be a table saw or router or any other similar tool known in the art, and the cutting implement would then be a blade or bit or similar cutting implement, respectively, which can be set to a length that is less than the depth, such that when the cutting of the channel is completed a portion of wood still remains intact beyond the set reach of the cutting implement.
  • a method of manufacturing a construction framing member comprising the steps of: (a) providing a length of wood suitable to be used as a framing member, the length of wood having a depth; (b) providing a wood-cutting tool having a cutting implement with an operative length less than the depth; (c) cutting a channel in the length of wood in the direction of the depth using the cutting implement to form a framing member, such that the channel penetrates into the length of wood to less than the depth; (d) providing an insulative material; and (e) introducing the insulative material into the channel to form the construction framing member.
  • the insulative material may be either a solid component sized to fit in and preferably fill the channel, or a foam or other liquid insulative material that can be injected into the channel to fill the channel, wherein upon solidification of the insulative material in the channel the construction framing member is formed.
  • Figure la is a perspective view of a framing member in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure lb is a top plan view of the framing member of Figure l a;
  • Figure lc is a side elevation view of the framing member of Figure l ;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a construction framing member according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart showing the steps of one embodiment of the method of manufacture of the construction framing member of the present invention.
  • the inventive concept consists of the placement of an insulated thermal break into a dimensional construction framing member.
  • the insulation provides a thermal break in assembled walls using the member, while providing some rigidity and structural integrity to the member as well.
  • By placing the insulation in a channel that extends through most but not all of the depth of the member streamlined manufacturing options are presented, resulting in enhanced economy and a novel improvement over the prior art.
  • a framing member 10 according to the present invention is illustrated.
  • the framing member 10 is a construction framing member 34, as will be described below.
  • the framing member 10 comprises a channel 12 which in the exemplary embodiment extends the length of the framing member 10; it will be clear to one skilled in the art that the channel 12 need not extend the entire length of the framing member 10 in order to enhance the insulative properties of the framing member 10, but having a relatively continuous channel 12 along the entire length will optimize such properties and streamline manufacturing.
  • This channel 12 is for the receipt of insulative material 32, as will be described below.
  • the framing member 10 is preferably composed of wood, due to the ease with which the channel 12 can be cut out of a wooden substrate and the utility of wooden framing members in construction contexts.
  • the framing member 10 comprises a first section 14 and a second section 16, separated by the channel 12 which extends inwardly from the outer surface 30 of the framing member 10. As the channel 12 does not pass completely through the framing member 10, a thin remainder of material connects the first and second sections 14, 16, namely the connecting section 18. The channel 12 is therefore only exposed in the exemplary embodiment at the outer surface 30 and opposed first and second ends 26, 28 of the framing member 10.
  • the channel 12 is preferably a channel running substantially the length of the framing member 10 and exposed at the outer surface 30 of the framing member 10, and it is defined by the inner surface 20 of the first section 14, the inner surface 22 of the second section 16 and the inner surface 24 of the connecting section 18.
  • the construction framing member comprises the framing member 10, with an insulative material 32 disposed within the channel 12. In this way, the original dimensions of the lumber are maintained but with the presence of a thermal break incorporated within the construction framing member 34 to enhance the insulative properties of the building material.
  • a framing member 10 in accordance with the present invention can be accomplished using known tools and methods of woodworking.
  • a length of wood suitable for use as a framing member is provided, and this may be a standard 2 inch x 4 inch or 2 inch x 6 inch piece of lumber that is commonly used in construction and therefore will likely be of suitable dimensions for the building plans. This length of wood will have a standard depth, 2 inches in most cases.
  • a standard wood-cutting tool such as a table saw or router table is provided, the wood-cutting tool having a cutting implement.
  • This cutting implement (a saw blade in the case of a table saw, or a router bit in the case of a router table) can be set at a desired height above the work surface of the tool, and in the case of a length of wood having a depth of 2 inches the desired cutting implement height setting is preferably approximately 1 -3/4 inches, although the height setting can be any length less than 2 inches.
  • the user With the operative height of the cutting implement set at less than the depth of the piece of lumber, the user then cuts a channel 12 in the length of wood in the direction of the depth using the cutting implement in a manner well known to those skilled in the art, such that the channel 12 penetrates into the length of wood to less than the depth.
  • the width of the channel 12 can vary as needed given the predetermined insulative properties that the final construction framing member is to have, and one skilled in the art will know how to use various wood-cutting tools to achiev e channels 12 of varying widths.
  • the insulative material 32 could be introduced in any number of ways, including cutting a piece of solid insulation to the size of the channel 12 and fixing it in place (by glue or other known means) between the first and second sections 14, 16, it is preferable to use polyurethane foam insulation as the insulative material 32 and inject same into the channel 12. Once the injected foam insulation has hardened, the waste can be cut away such that the outer surfaces of the insulative material 32 are flush with the outer surface 30, first end 26 and second end 28 of the framing member 10.
  • the width of the insulative material 32 can be generally between 1 ⁇ 2 inch and 1 inch, although the width could vary depending on the heat conductivity of the particular insulative material 32 and the thickness required to obtain the desired degree of insulation.
  • first section 14 disposed toward the building interior and the second section 16 disposed toward the outside of the building
  • heat transfer can be minimized from the first section 14 of the framing member 10 to the second section 16 of the framing member 10, thus reducing the thermal bridge between the inner wall and the outer wall of the building.
  • the above description is of one exemplary embodiment only as illustrated by the accompanying Figures, and the size of the first section 14, second section 16 and insulative material 32 could each be adjusted for a number of reasons.
  • the insulative material 32 could be thickened or thinned based upon the particular thermal requirements of the application in which the construction framing member 34 when assembled would be used.
  • first and/or second sections 14, 16 might be sized appropriately such that their utility in conventional construction techniques would be maximized, e.g. such that they would still most strongly support fasteners attached thereto, etc.
  • the complete construction framing member 34, including the first and second sections 14, 16 plus the integrated insulative material 32 could in total be approximately the same size as a standard dimensional framing member, for example in total being the approximate dimensions of a standard 2 inch x 4 inch or 2 inch x 6 inch framing member, such that it could be easily interchanged into pre-existing construction methods and market acceptance of the product could be maximized. It will be understood by one skilled in the art that there is no specific ideal set of dimensions for the construction framing member 34 of the present invention but that any number of different pre-existing dimensional lumber sizes could be duplicated using the construction framing member 34.
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart demonstrating the steps in one embodiment of the method of manufacture of the present invention.
  • the base or substrate for the construction framing member of the present invention is a dimensional piece of framing lumber, which would be typically used in the production or manufacturable wall or other structure requiring the integration of the thermal break therein.
  • the first step in the method shown in this embodiment is to provide a cutting tool which could machine the channel 12 as outlined elsewhere herein into the substrate or framing member 34.
  • the cutting machine which would machine the channel into the framing member would include one or more guides common offenses or the like to guide the framing member in appropriate relation to the cutting tool for the formation of the channel.
  • Step 3-1 shows the provision of the cutting tool.
  • a framing member would be fed into and through the cutting tool, resulting in the kind of a channel into the framing member extending through the majority of the depth of the framing member along substantially all of its length, and across a portion of its width. Cutting of the channel into the framing member is shown at step 3-2.
  • insulating material would be placed and adhered into the channel, forming the thermal break in the finished construction framing member.
  • the specific nature of this insulation placement and adhesion step, 3-3, will depend upon the nature of the insulating material to be used. In some cases channel may be cut to the same size of precut or pre-manufactured insulating members which could simply be placed and glued into the channel, or in other cases rolled insulation could be placed into the channel and adhered.
  • the insulating material which will be used would be foamed polymeric insulation, which could simply be injected into the channel as the framing member passed out of the cutting tool, such that it would expand to fill the channel and potentially be trimmed or otherwise cosmetically finished, to yield the finished construction framing member.
  • a machine for the practice of the entirety of this method could be developed in a circumstance where it was decided to produce large quantities of the construction framing member of the present invention, and any machine which would accomplish the steps of guiding a framing member through the cutting of the channel therein, and the subsequent placement and adhesion of insulating material within the channel, is also contemplated within the scope of the present invention.
  • the manufacturer of the product of the present invention could be done in a reasonably continuous process particularly where purpose built machine for the combined coming of the channel and placement and adhesion of the insulative material was produced, or a combination of equipment was placed in line to work in such a continuous feeding fashion.
  • the framing member and construction framing member of the present invention present significant advantages over the prior art. Enhanced thermal insulation properties are provided in a product that can be manufactured in industry standard sizes for case of implementation. There is no need to implement a novel stud arrangement or spacing that may weaken the structure, but rather the structural strength of wood is maintained while integrating a thermal break.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de structure de construction comprenant un élément de structure et un matériau isolant placé dans un canal au sein de l'élément de structure. Les propriétés de conduction thermique des murs finis construits avec le produit sont positivement modifiées, par incorporation de la barrière thermique dans le mur fini, créée par le matériau isolant au sein des éléments de structure. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de l'élément de structure de construction : un canal est formé dans un élément de structure complet à l'aide d'une scie, d'une toupie ou analogue, pour la mise en place du matériau isolant.
PCT/CA2014/000493 2013-06-11 2014-06-11 Élément de structure de construction avec barrière thermique intégrée et son procédé de fabrication WO2014197972A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2914097A CA2914097A1 (fr) 2013-06-11 2014-06-11 Element de structure de construction avec barriere thermique integree et son procede de fabrication
US14/896,761 US20160289968A1 (en) 2013-06-11 2014-06-11 Construction framing member with integrated thermal break and method for manufacturing same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2818150 2013-06-11
CA2818150A CA2818150A1 (fr) 2013-06-11 2013-06-11 Element de charpente de construction avec isolant thermique integre et procede de fabrication de celui-ci

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014197972A1 true WO2014197972A1 (fr) 2014-12-18

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Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20160289968A1 (fr)
CA (2) CA2818150A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014197972A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9677264B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-06-13 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Thermal break wood stud with rigid insulation and wall framing system
US9783985B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-10-10 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Thermal break wood stud with rigid insulation with non-metal fasteners and wall framing system
US10731332B1 (en) 2019-08-28 2020-08-04 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Composite reinforced wood stud for residential and commercial buildings
US11149409B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2021-10-19 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Construction machine
USD936242S1 (en) 2019-08-28 2021-11-16 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Composite reinforced wood stud for buildings
USD938618S1 (en) 2019-11-26 2021-12-14 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Reinforced pinned dowel composite stud for buildings
USD941498S1 (en) 2019-11-26 2022-01-18 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Composite t-shaped in-line dowell reinforced wood stud for buildings
USD941496S1 (en) 2019-11-14 2022-01-18 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Stud for buildings
USD942049S1 (en) 2019-11-14 2022-01-25 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. L-shaped composite reinforced wood stud for buildings
US11255084B2 (en) 2019-06-10 2022-02-22 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Thermal break wood columns, buttresses and headers with rigid insulation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD806270S1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-26 Jose Constantino Moreno Hybrid stud
EP3563012B1 (fr) * 2017-01-02 2023-01-11 SABIC Global Technologies B.V. Procédé de fabrication d'une poutre structurale

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992838A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-11-23 New England Log Homes, Inc. Insulated wall log
CA1146329A (fr) * 1980-07-28 1983-05-17 Johann H. Farmont Bille de bois de construction a proprietes isolantes ameliorees
CA1200670A (fr) * 1983-02-24 1986-02-18 Christopher R. Scott Profile en bois d'oeuvre
US20080184650A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-08-07 Scott Fischer Insulated block with non-linearthermal paths for building energy efficient buildings
US20100037542A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2010-02-18 Sylvain Tiberi Building construction element
US20100236172A1 (en) * 2009-03-18 2010-09-23 Les Chantiers Chibougamau Ltee Framing system and components with built-in thermal break
US20110146171A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2011-06-23 Torkel Flatland Thermally insulating building construction element assembly, and timber or lumber member for same
US20120317907A1 (en) * 2011-05-13 2012-12-20 Wrightman Ronald A Log with Thermal Break
CA2777330A1 (fr) * 2012-05-23 2013-11-23 Eric Penner De Waal Element de charpente de construction avec coupure thermique integree et son procede de fabrication

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992838A (en) * 1975-07-14 1976-11-23 New England Log Homes, Inc. Insulated wall log
CA1146329A (fr) * 1980-07-28 1983-05-17 Johann H. Farmont Bille de bois de construction a proprietes isolantes ameliorees
CA1200670A (fr) * 1983-02-24 1986-02-18 Christopher R. Scott Profile en bois d'oeuvre
US20100037542A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2010-02-18 Sylvain Tiberi Building construction element
US20080184650A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-08-07 Scott Fischer Insulated block with non-linearthermal paths for building energy efficient buildings
US20110146171A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2011-06-23 Torkel Flatland Thermally insulating building construction element assembly, and timber or lumber member for same
US20100236172A1 (en) * 2009-03-18 2010-09-23 Les Chantiers Chibougamau Ltee Framing system and components with built-in thermal break
US20120317907A1 (en) * 2011-05-13 2012-12-20 Wrightman Ronald A Log with Thermal Break
CA2777330A1 (fr) * 2012-05-23 2013-11-23 Eric Penner De Waal Element de charpente de construction avec coupure thermique integree et son procede de fabrication

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9677264B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-06-13 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Thermal break wood stud with rigid insulation and wall framing system
US9783985B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-10-10 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Thermal break wood stud with rigid insulation with non-metal fasteners and wall framing system
US11149409B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2021-10-19 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Construction machine
US11255084B2 (en) 2019-06-10 2022-02-22 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Thermal break wood columns, buttresses and headers with rigid insulation
US10731332B1 (en) 2019-08-28 2020-08-04 Roosevelt Energy, Llc Composite reinforced wood stud for residential and commercial buildings
USD936242S1 (en) 2019-08-28 2021-11-16 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Composite reinforced wood stud for buildings
USD941496S1 (en) 2019-11-14 2022-01-18 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Stud for buildings
USD942049S1 (en) 2019-11-14 2022-01-25 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. L-shaped composite reinforced wood stud for buildings
USD938618S1 (en) 2019-11-26 2021-12-14 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Reinforced pinned dowel composite stud for buildings
USD941498S1 (en) 2019-11-26 2022-01-18 Roosevelt Energy, Inc. Composite t-shaped in-line dowell reinforced wood stud for buildings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2818150A1 (fr) 2014-12-11
US20160289968A1 (en) 2016-10-06
CA2914097A1 (fr) 2014-12-18

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