WO2014193049A1 - Système de changement automatique de mot de passe et procédé de changement automatique de mot de passe d'un dispositif d'authentification par mot de passe en l'utilisant - Google Patents

Système de changement automatique de mot de passe et procédé de changement automatique de mot de passe d'un dispositif d'authentification par mot de passe en l'utilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014193049A1
WO2014193049A1 PCT/KR2013/009401 KR2013009401W WO2014193049A1 WO 2014193049 A1 WO2014193049 A1 WO 2014193049A1 KR 2013009401 W KR2013009401 W KR 2013009401W WO 2014193049 A1 WO2014193049 A1 WO 2014193049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
password
variable
unit
input
control unit
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PCT/KR2013/009401
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
황운규
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Hwang Woon Gue
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Publication date
Application filed by Hwang Woon Gue filed Critical Hwang Woon Gue
Publication of WO2014193049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014193049A1/fr

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31User authentication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/083Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
    • H04L63/0838Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords using one-time-passwords

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for automatically changing a password, and a method thereof.
  • the password for authentication at the next use is continuously changed according to a preset rule every time the password is used for password authentication.
  • the present invention relates to a password automatic change system capable of fundamentally preventing phenomena such as theft and privacy infringement due to a leaked password, and a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device using the same.
  • the user of the locker suffers from the inconvenience of having to carry the lock key all the time, and in case of accidentally carrying or losing the key, there is a case of difficulty in using the locker.
  • the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, the password for authentication at the next use every time through the password authentication of the target subject to the password is continuously changed according to a preset rule, the password is changed so It is aimed to provide automatic password change system and password automatic change method of password-authenticated device that can prevent the theft and invasion of privacy due to the leakage of password because only users or administrators who know the setting rules can be recognized. There is this.
  • a variable input is applied to a password generation program to generate a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use, the same as the current one-time password when the password is entered.
  • a control unit for determining whether or not to authenticate, an input unit for inputting a variable and a password to the control unit, and an operation unit operating according to a control signal at the time of password authentication of the control unit.
  • variable is characterized in that it comprises a fixed variable divided by the operating unit and a variable variable that is variable by the user.
  • the control unit may divide the number obtained by adding the number of units of the fixed variable and the number of units of the variable variable into a specific number and arrange the remaining number as the last number of the fixed variable, and the first number of the fixed variable is eliminated.
  • the first one-time password is generated by a calculation method, and the number obtained by adding the number of units of one-time password and the number of units of the variable variable in turn by using the generated one-time password as the fixed variable is divided by the specific number. Is arranged as the last number of one-time passwords, and the first number of one-time passwords is characterized by generating a plurality of one-time passwords sequentially by repeating the operation method of dropping.
  • the fixed variable is at least two, characterized in that the fixed variable directly used as a one-time password is determined in advance through the first number dropout and the remaining number arrangement of the two or more fixed variables.
  • the variable variable may be a variable input by a user through the input unit or a variable determined based on the number of operations of the operation unit.
  • the input unit may combine the fixed variable and input the variable variable when the variable variable is input to the controller.
  • the fixed variable may include one or both of a first fixed variable corresponding to a unique number of the operating unit and a second fixed variable corresponding to a unique number of a management entity operating the operating unit.
  • control unit and the input unit is characterized in that installed in the operating unit.
  • the input unit is installed in the operation unit
  • the control unit is installed in the remote unit connected to the operation unit and the operation unit via a communication network, respectively, so that the control unit of the remote unit is the data of the variable and password input through the input unit communication network It is characterized by receiving through.
  • the apparatus may further include a storage unit for storing data of one-time passwords generated by the control unit and a display unit for displaying the one-time passwords in a sequential arrangement form, wherein the display unit is installed adjacent to the remote control unit only. .
  • the input unit is installed in the operation unit
  • the control unit is connected to the operation unit via a communication network to receive the data of the variable and password input through the input unit through the communication network and to output the output signal to the operation unit communication network Characterized in that transmitted through.
  • the automatic password change method of the password authentication device comprises the step of inputting a variable to the control unit of the operation unit through the input unit of the operation unit, the variable input to the control unit through the input unit via the communication unit and the communication network Transmitting a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying a variable inputted to each of the control unit and the remote control unit to a password generation program; A step of inputting a password through an input unit, comparing the inputted password with a current one-time password among the one-time passwords, and authenticating the same by determining whether the password is identical; To output a control signal
  • the system and the operation unit comprises a step of operating in accordance with the control signal of the control unit.
  • the generating of the plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying the input variables to the password generation program by the controller and the remote controller, respectively, includes the number of units of the fixed variable by the operation unit and the variable variable by the user.
  • the first one-time password is generated by calculating the number of units in turn, dividing the number by a specific number, and placing the remaining number as the last number of the fixed variable, while dropping the first number of the fixed variable, and generating the one-time password generated.
  • the number of units of one-time password and the number of units of the variable variable are used as fixed variables, and the number obtained by dividing by the specific number is divided into the last number of one-time passwords, while the first number of one-time passwords is eliminated.
  • To repeat the operation It characterized in that it comprises a step of sequentially generating a plurality of one-time password.
  • the step of inputting the variable to the control unit of the operation unit through the input unit of the operation unit and the step of transmitting the variable inputted to the control unit through the input unit via the communication network to the remote control unit connected through the communication network, respectively Based on the number of operations of the operation unit in response to a process of inputting a fixed variable defined by the operation unit while a variable variable is input to the control unit by a user operation on the input unit or a one-time password generation request signal through the input unit. And a process of inputting a fixed variable defined by the operation unit while the predetermined variable variable is input to the control unit.
  • the method may further include displaying the plurality of one-time passwords generated by the remote controller in a sequential arrangement on the display unit.
  • the method may further include storing a plurality of one-time passwords generated by the controller and the remote controller, in each of the storage units that are individually connected.
  • the automatic password change method of the password authentication device includes the steps of inputting a variable to a control unit through an input unit, and generating a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying the variable input to the password generation program. And inputting a password to the controller through an input unit, comparing the password input by the controller with a current one-time password among the one-time passwords, and authenticating the same by determining whether the password is the same. It may be configured to include a step of outputting a control signal to the operation unit in accordance with the password authentication, and the operation unit operating in accordance with the control signal of the control unit.
  • the automatic password change method of the password authentication device includes the steps of inputting a variable through the input unit of the operation unit, transmitting the input variable to the control unit connected by the communication network, the control unit inputs Generating a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying the variable to a password generation program, inputting a password through an input unit to the operation unit, and inputting the password to the control unit through the communication network; Transmitting the password, and comparing the password transmitted by the controller with a current one-time password among the one-time passwords and authenticating the same by determining whether the password is identical, and controlling the control signal through the communication network according to the password authentication. Transmitting to an operation unit, wherein the operation unit is a communication network It may be configured to include the step of operating in accordance with the control signal of the control unit received through.
  • the password for authentication at the next time of use is continuously changed according to a preset rule every time the password is used through password authentication of the target, and the changed password is recognized only by a user or an administrator who knows the setting rules. It is possible to fundamentally prevent phenomena such as theft and invasion of privacy caused by password leakage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a plurality of one-time passwords are generated for sequential use through a variable inputted by the controller and a password generation program in the automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an automatic password change system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a password automatic change system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view illustrating another example of generating a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use through a variable inputted by a controller and a password generation program in the automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic password change system 100 is configured to include a control unit 110, the input unit 120, the operation unit 130.
  • the controller 110 includes a password generation program. Accordingly, the controller 110 generates a one-time password by executing the password generation program when a variable is input through the input unit 120. At this time, the password generation program executed in the control unit 110 forms a plurality of one-time passwords, and the one-time passwords formed as a plurality are applied sequentially when used for authentication for the operation of the operation unit 130. That is, the controller 110 compares the password inputted when the password for the operation of the operation unit 130 with the current one-time password among the one-time passwords and authenticates the validity of the corresponding password by determining whether the password is the same. do.
  • variable input to the controller 110 may include a fixed variable divided by the operation unit 130 and a variable variable variable by the user, the fixed variable may be two or more, and the variable variable is the input unit 120. It may be a variable input by the user through.
  • the password generation program of the controller 110 divides the number obtained by adding the number of units of the fixed variable and the number of units of the variable variable into a specific number, and arranges the remaining number as the last number of the fixed variable and at the same time the first number of the fixed variable. Number generates the first one-time password by dropping operation. Using the generated one-time password as a fixed variable, the number of units of the one-time password and the number of variables of the variable variable are added in turn to divide the number into a specific number and place the remaining number as the last number of the one-time password. The number may be to sequentially generate a plurality of one-time passwords by repeating the operation method to drop.
  • a fixed variable used directly as a one-time password is previously determined through dropping of the first number of the two or more fixed variables and placing the last number of the remaining numbers.
  • control unit 110 generates a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use through the password generation program.
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a state in which a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use are generated through a variable inputted by the controller and a password generation program in the automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operating unit 130 is a storage box and its locking device 131, and thus the fixed variable is assigned to the first fixed variable corresponding to the unique number of the storage box and the unique number of the management entity operating the storage box. It is taken as an example to include a corresponding second fixed variable.
  • the variable variable is an example in which the user inputs an arbitrary number through the input unit 120.
  • the second fixed variable corresponding to the unique number of the management unit operating the storage unit operating unit 130 is 2539
  • the first fixed variable corresponding to the unique number of the storage unit operating unit 130 is a storage box. Poor 2572, 4582, 3783, 2470.
  • the password generation program of the controller 110 adds the second fixed variable, the first fixed variable, and the number of units of the variable variable in sequence, and divides them by 9 Perform the operation. In other words, we calculate (2 + 5 + 3 + 9 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 2 + 7 + 2) ⁇ 9 to find the remaining 8, and then place the remaining 8 as the last fixed number of 2572 as the first fixed variable. 1 Drop 2, the first number of fixed variables, to create 5728 as the first one-time password.
  • the same operation is performed again using the one-time password generated through the above operation as the first fixed variable. That is, the number of units of the second fixed variable 2539, the first fixed variable 5728, and the variable variable 72 are added in sequence, and then divided by 9. Accordingly, (2 + 5 + 3 + 9 + 5 + 7). Find the remainder 5 by the operation of + 2 + 8 + 7 + 2) ⁇ 9, and then place the remainder 5 as the last number of the first fixed variable 5728 while dropping the first number 5 of the first fixed variable to 7272. Generate a second one-time password.
  • This series of steps creates a number of one-time passwords for Locker1.
  • the user of the storage box 1 can input and authenticate a plurality of one-time passwords generated sequentially each time using the storage box 1, thereby preventing the loss of the password, the theft of goods, and the invasion of privacy.
  • the user of the storage box 1 after reading the one-time password generation rules of the password generation program may be to calculate and enter the one-time password for each use of the storage box 1, in another form to carry a table with one-time passwords sequentially written It may be to check and input every time 1 is used.
  • the second fixed variable is 2539
  • the first fixed variable is 4582
  • the variable variable is 34, so that the one-time password is 5820, 8205, 2055 in the same manner as the operation rule for generating the one-time password of the above storage box 1. , In order of 0552.
  • the one-time password is 7836, 8360, 3602 through the same method as the operation rule for generating the one-time password of the above locker 1. , In order of 6025.
  • the one-time password is 4705, 7058, 0583 in the same manner as the operation rule for generating the one-time password of the above locker 1. , In order of 5838.
  • the input unit 120 inputs a variable and a password to the controller 110.
  • the input unit 120 is a touch screen as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the input unit 120 may use a keypad or various other input modules.
  • the input unit 120 may input a combination of a fixed variable to a corresponding variable variable when the variable variable is input to the control unit 110.
  • the operation unit 130 operates according to the control signal according to the password authentication of the control unit 110.
  • the operation unit 130 is a storage box and its locking device 131 as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, the operation unit 130 is operated through the authentication of a digital door lock or other password. This is a concept involving all kinds of devices that are made.
  • control unit 110 and the input unit 120 is installed in the operating unit 130 as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an automatic password change system according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • the automatic password change system 200 is the input unit 220 is installed in the operating unit 230
  • the controller 210 is installed in the operation unit 230 and the remote control unit 260 installed in the remote state in a state connected to the operation unit 230 and the communication network.
  • the remote control unit 260 receives the data of the variable and password input through the input unit 220 of the operation unit 230 through the communication network.
  • the operation unit 230 includes a communication module 240 for communicating with the remote control unit 260 through a communication network.
  • the operation unit 230 has a form including a locking device 231 that operates according to the control signal of the control unit 210.
  • the automatic password change system 200 further includes storage units 250 and 270 which store data of one-time passwords generated by the controller 210 and the remote controller 260 through a password generation program, respectively. It may be.
  • the remote control unit 260 may further include a display unit 270 for displaying the generated one-time passwords in a sequential arrangement form.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing an automatic password change system according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown, the automatic password change system 300, the input unit 320 is installed in the operating unit 330
  • the control unit 310 is connected to the operation unit 330 through a communication network to receive the data of the variable and password input through the input unit 320 of the operation unit 330 through the communication network and the locking device of the operation unit 330
  • the control signal for 331 may be transmitted through a communication network. Therefore, the operation unit 330 includes a communication module 340 for communicating with a control unit 310 of a remote place through a communication network.
  • the automatic password change system 300 includes a storage unit 350 for storing data of one-time passwords generated by the controller 310 and a display unit 360 for displaying the one-time passwords in a sequential arrangement form. ), Wherein the display unit 360 may be installed adjacent to the control unit 310.
  • the method of generating a plurality of one-time passwords by the control unit 310 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the automatic password change system 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Omit.
  • the variable variable is an example in which a user inputs an arbitrary number through the input unit 120, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating another example of generating a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use through a variable inputted by a controller and a password generation program in the automatic password change system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second fixed variable corresponding to the unique number of the management unit operating the storage unit operating unit 130 is 2539
  • the first fixed variable corresponding to the unique number of the storage unit operating unit 130 is a storage box. Poor 2572, 4582.
  • the password generation program of the control unit 110 is the second fixed variable and the first fixed variable and the variable variable.
  • the number of opening operations 1 of the locker device 131 is added in sequence, and the operation is divided by nine. That is, after calculating (2 + 5 + 3 + 9 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 2 + 1) ⁇ 9 to obtain the remaining 0, the remaining 0 is placed as the last number of the first fixed variable 2572 and the first fixed Dropping the first number of variables, 2, creates 5720 as the first one-time password.
  • the same operation is performed again using the one-time password generated through the above operation as the first fixed variable. That is, the second fixed variable 2539, the first fixed variable 5720, and the variable variable locker 131 are added to the number of opening operations 2 in order, and then divided by 9. Accordingly, (2 + 5 + Find the remainder 8 by the operation of 3 + 9 + 5 + 7 + 2 + 0 + 2) ⁇ 9 and then place the remainder 8 as the last number of 5720, the first fixed variable, and at the same time, the first number of 5 Dropping to create 7208 as the second one-time password.
  • This series of steps creates a number of one-time passwords for Locker1.
  • the password generation program of the controller 110 may determine the number of opening operations 1 of the storage lock device 131 that is the second fixed variable, the first fixed variable, and the variable variable. Add them in turn and divide by 9. That is, after calculating (2 + 5 + 3 + 9 + 4 + 5 + 8 + 2 + 1) ⁇ 9 to obtain the remaining 1, the remaining 1 is placed as the last number of the first fixed variable 4582 and the first fixed Drop the first number of variables, 4, to create 5821 the first one-time password.
  • the same operation is performed again using the one-time password generated through the above operation as the first fixed variable. That is, the second fixed variable 2539, the first fixed variable 5821, and the variable variable locker 131 are added to the number of opening operations 2 in order, and then divided by 9. Accordingly, (2 + 5 + Find the remainder 1 by the operation of 3 + 9 + 5 + 8 + 2 + 1 + 2) ⁇ 9 and then place this remainder 1 as the last number of the first fixed variable 5821, while at the same time the first number of the first fixed variable 5 Dropping to create 8211 as a second one-time password.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic password change system uses the automatic password change system 200 according to the embodiment of FIG. 3. Therefore, in the following description, the code of the corresponding configuration of the automatic password change system is the embodiment of FIG. 3. In accordance with the code of the automatic password change system 300.
  • a variable is input to the control unit 210 of the operating unit 230 through the input unit 220 of the operating unit 230 in step S110.
  • step S120 the variable input to the control unit 210 through the input unit 220 in step S110 is transmitted to the control unit 260 of a remote location connected through the communication network with the operation unit 230 through the corresponding communication network.
  • the controller 210 and the remote controller 260 apply the input variables to the password generation program to generate a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use.
  • the password generation program divides the number obtained by adding the number of units of the fixed variable by the operation unit 230 and the number of units of the variable variable by the user in a specific number to arrange the remaining number as the last number of the fixed variable.
  • the first number of fixed variables is generated by dropping the number of units of one-time password and the number of units of variable variable by generating the first one-time password using the operation method of dropping, and then using the generated one-time password as a fixed variable. Is divided by the specific number and the remaining number is placed as the last number of one-time passwords, and the first number of one-time passwords is repeatedly dropped to generate a plurality of one-time passwords sequentially.
  • a password is input to the controller 210 through the input unit 220 of the operation unit 230.
  • the controller 210 compares the password inputted with the current one-time password among the one-time passwords and authenticates the same by determining whether the password is the same.
  • step S160 the control unit 210 outputs a control signal to the operation unit 230 in accordance with the password authentication through the step (S150).
  • the operation unit 230 operates according to the control signal of the controller 210.
  • step (S110) and step (S120) is a process of inputting the fixed variable defined by the operating unit 230 while the variable variable is input to the control unit 210 by the user operation on the input unit 220, or According to the one-time password generation request signal through the input unit 220, a variable variable determined based on the number of operations of the operating unit 230 is input to the control unit 210, and the fixed variable defined by the operating unit 230 is input together. It may be to include the process.
  • the method may further include displaying the plurality of one-time passwords generated by the remote controller 260 on the display unit 280 in a sequential arrangement form.
  • the method may further include storing the plurality of one-time passwords generated by the controller 210 and the remote controller 260 in each of the storage units 250 and 270 individually connected.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic password change system of the present embodiment uses the automatic password change system 100 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1, and accordingly, in the following description, the code of the corresponding configuration of the automatic password change system is shown in the embodiment of FIG. In accordance with the code of the automatic password change system 100.
  • step S210 a variable is input to the controller 110 through the input unit 120.
  • the controller 110 In operation S220, the controller 110 generates a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying the input variable to the password generation program.
  • a password is input to the controller 110 through the input unit 120.
  • the controller 110 compares the password inputted with the current one-time password among the one-time passwords and authenticates the same by determining whether the password is the same.
  • step S250 the control unit 110 outputs a control signal to the operation unit 130 according to the password authentication.
  • the operation unit 130 operates according to the control signal of the controller 110.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for automatically changing a password of a password authentication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the automatic password change system uses the automatic password change system 300 according to the embodiment of FIG. 4. Therefore, in the following description, the code of the corresponding configuration of the automatic password change system is shown in the embodiment of FIG. 4. In accordance with the code of the automatic password change system 300.
  • step S310 a variable is input through the input unit 320 of the operation unit 330.
  • the operation unit 330 transmits the input variable to the controller 310 connected by the communication network.
  • the controller 310 In operation S330, the controller 310 generates a plurality of one-time passwords for sequential use by applying the input variable to the password generation program.
  • a password is input to the operation unit 330 through the input unit 320.
  • the operation unit 330 transmits the input password to the control unit 310 through a communication network.
  • the controller 310 compares the password transmitted with the current one-time password among the one-time passwords and authenticates the same by determining whether the password is the same.
  • step S370 the control unit 310 transmits a control signal to the operation unit 330 through the communication network according to the password authentication.
  • the operation unit 330 operates according to a control signal of the controller 310 received through the communication network.
  • the automatic password change system and the automatic password change method of a password authentication device using the same according to the present invention are used when the password is subject to password authentication.
  • the password for authentication will be continuously changed according to the preset rules.
  • the password will be recognized only by the user or administrator who knows the set rules. Can be prevented.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système destiné à changer automatiquement un mot de passe et un procédé destiné à changer automatiquement un mot de passe d'un dispositif d'authentification par mot de passe en l'utilisant. Le système de changement automatique de mot de passe selon la présente invention comporte: une unité de commande servant à générer une pluralité de mots de passe à usage unique appelés à être utilisés séquentiellement en appliquant un paramètre saisi à un programme de génération de mots de passe, et à déterminer si le mot de passe saisi coïncide avec le mot de passe à usage unique pour la commande en cours lorsque le mot de passe est saisi, pour authentifier le mot de passe saisi; une unité de saisie servant à saisir le paramètre et le mot de passe vers l'unité de commande; et une unité d'exploitation qui est exploitée en fonction d'un signal de commande généré lorsque l'unité de commande authentifie le mot de passe, les paramètres comprenant des paramètres fixes divisés selon chaque unité d'exploitation et des paramètres variables qu'un utilisateur fait varier.
PCT/KR2013/009401 2013-05-29 2013-10-22 Système de changement automatique de mot de passe et procédé de changement automatique de mot de passe d'un dispositif d'authentification par mot de passe en l'utilisant WO2014193049A1 (fr)

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KR20130061189A KR101462784B1 (ko) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 비밀번호 자동변경 시스템 및 이를 이용한 비밀번호 인증식 장치의 비밀번호 자동변경 방법
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