WO2014185819A1 - Способ получения карбамида - Google Patents
Способ получения карбамида Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014185819A1 WO2014185819A1 PCT/RU2014/000329 RU2014000329W WO2014185819A1 WO 2014185819 A1 WO2014185819 A1 WO 2014185819A1 RU 2014000329 W RU2014000329 W RU 2014000329W WO 2014185819 A1 WO2014185819 A1 WO 2014185819A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- stage
- distillation
- condensation
- pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C273/00—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C273/02—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
- C07C273/04—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for producing urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide.
- a known method of producing urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide at elevated temperature and pressure, a molar ratio of ⁇ 3 : ⁇ 2 (3.6 - 6.0): 1, in a urea synthesis reactor with subsequent separation of excess ammonia from the urea synthesis melt by separation at pressure of 6-12 MPa, two-stage distillation of the melt, condensation of distillation gases with form a recycled solution ugleammoniynyh salts (UAS), wherein the first distillation stage is carried out at a pressure of 6-12 MPa in a stream of C0 2 ( ⁇ 70% of the total amount introduced into the process), melting the distillation is transferred to the second distillation stage which is carried out at low pressure, the distillation gases of the first stage are condensed in two consecutive zones at the distillation pressure of the first stage, and in both zones the condensing vapors are cooled by condensate boiling under excessive pressure to produce steam using consumed in subsequent stages of the process; wherein the condensation in the first zone is carried out with an excess of ⁇ 0
- This known method due to the combination of a high molar ratio of NH 3 : C0 2 at the stage of synthesis with distillation of the first stage at a pressure not so low as 1 MPa, but not so high as the pressure of synthesis, allows minimizing the cost of energy resources.
- the total specific energy costs for the production of 1 ton of urea are 0.166 tce and significantly lower than the cost of other known methods.
- the conditions for condensation of the first stage distillation gases provided in a known manner in two successive zones provide a relatively low completeness of their condensation at a pressure of 6-12 MPa: as the condensation process proceeds at a constant temperature and the concentration of ammonium carbamate in the resulting UAS solution increases, the equilibrium vapor pressure above the solution . Therefore, in the second condensation zone, cooled in the same way as the first, by condensate boiling under pressure, the degree of condensation is low. Gases not condensed at this stage are condensed at low pressure stages.
- the total amount of gases released at a pressure of 9 MPa is 107900 kg / h, and of this amount, 34900 kg / h (32%) are transferred to the low pressure stage.
- the disadvantage of this method is the relatively low temperature level of the process of condensation of distillation gases in the first zone.
- the pressure and temperature of the steam obtained as a result of utilization of the generated heat depend on this level.
- the possibilities of using steam of such parameters at subsequent stages of the process are limited, since even when transporting such steam to its place of consumption, its parameters may decrease below an acceptable level.
- the task posed by this invention is to redistribute the process flows, which would allow to generate steam in the first condensation zone at a pressure of 9-12 MPa, suitable for use in subsequent stages of the process.
- urea synthesis melt followed by the separation of excess ammonia from the urea synthesis melt by separation at a pressure of 9-12 MPa, two-stage distillation of the melt, condensation of distillation gases with the formation of recycled solutions of carbon ammonium salts, the distillation of the first stage being oestriasis at a pressure of 9-12 MPa in a stream of C0 2, melting the distillation is transferred to the second distillation stage which is carried out at low pressure distillation gases condensed in the first stage two successive zones at the pressure of the first stage of distillation, which also introduced gases output from the reactor synthesis, and excess ammonia allocated in the separation stage, with this, in the first zone, the condensation is carried out with the introduction of part of the solution of carbon ammonium salts obtained by condensation of the second stage distillation gases, and the condensing vapors are cooled with condensate boiling under excessive pressure to produce steam, in the second condensation zone of the first stage distillation gases, the condensed vapors are cooled with circulating water, rather than con
- the technical result achieved by the implementation of the proposed method is the possibility of producing in the first condensation zone distillation gases of the first stage of steam with an excess pressure of not lower than 0.33 MPa, which ensures its use in subsequent stages of the urea production process. While maintaining almost the same flow rate of steam from external sources as in the known method, this allows to reduce capital costs by reducing the heat exchange surface in the condensation apparatus of the distillation gases of the first stage and in the distillation apparatus of the second stage.
- the invention is illustrated by the attached figure 1, which shows the technological scheme of the installation implementing the proposed method.
- EXAMPLE 1 In the reactor for the synthesis of urea 1 serves the flow of liquid ammonia 2 (47586 kg / h) and gaseous carbon dioxide 3 (38400 kg / h), and UAS 4 recycled solution (145866 kg / h; ammonia 53.7, carbon dioxide 35.4, water 10.6, urea 0.2) from the second high-pressure condenser 5 (molar ratio of NH 3 : C0 2 in the reactor 3.63 : one).
- a stream of 6 melt of urea synthesis is formed and separately removed from it: (220,000 kg / h; urea 38.5, ammonia 30.2, carbon dioxide 12.7, water 18.5; hereinafter, all compositions are given in% of May; the content of ammonium carbamate is shown as the content of ammonia and carbon dioxide, the product of the interaction of which it is; the content of inert impurities in gas streams is not shown) and a stream of 7 non-condensed gases (ammonia 11579 kg / h).
- Stream 6 is throttled to a pressure of 9 MPa into a separator 8, where a gaseous stream 9 (23394 kg / h; ammonia 76.6, carbon dioxide 19.4, water 4.0) is released from it at 165 ° C.
- the melt withdrawn from stripper 11 (stream 13; 141040 kg / h; urea 59.9, ammonia 7.8, carbon dioxide 7.0, water 25.1) is subjected to further processing using conventional technological methods: distillation of the second stage with excessive a pressure of 0.3 MPa and a temperature of 135-140 ° C, condensation of the released gases upon cooling with water to form a dilute solution of UAS, evaporation of a urea solution in three steps under vacuum (residual pressure of 50, 30 and 3 kPa) to a concentration of 98.5-99 , 5% followed by prilling or granulation, as a result of which I get 84303 kg / h of urea.
- Gas stream 14 from stripper 11 (79103 kg / h; ammonia 47.6, carbon dioxide 46.7, water 5.5, urea 0.1) together with gas stream 15 (18715 kg / h, ammonia 14327 kg / h, carbon dioxide 3638 kg / h, water 750 kg / h), which is part (80%) of stream 9 from separator 8, enter the first high-pressure condenser 16.
- a part of the UAC solution obtained by condensing the second stage distillation gases is also supplied to the condenser 16 (stream 17; 14830 kg / h; ammonia 35.4, carbon dioxide 32.0, water 31.8, urea 0.8).
- the gas-liquid mixture from the condenser 16 enters the second high-pressure condenser 5, where the AC solution is also supplied from the high-pressure absorber 20 (stream 21; 19980 kg / h; ammonia 45.0, carbon dioxide 27.2, water 27.0, urea 0.7), as well as gas stream 22 (4679 kg / h, ammonia 3584 kg / h, carbon dioxide 908 kg / h, water 187 kg / h), which is the rest of gas stream 9 from separator 8, and gas stream 7 from synthesis reactor 1.
- the condenser 5 at 115 ° C (cooling with circulating water), most of the gases that are not condensed in the condenser 16 condense with by calling stream 4 recirculated to reactor 1.
- EXAMPLE 2 The urea synthesis reactor 1 is fed with streams of liquid ammonia 2 (47590 kg / h) and gaseous carbon dioxide 3 (38400 kg / h), as well as a recycled solution of UAS 4 (146233 kg / h; ammonia 53.7, carbon dioxide 35.5, water 10.6, urea 0.2) from the second high pressure condenser 5 (molar ratio of NH 3 : C0 2 in the reactor is 3.63: 1).
- a stream of 6 melt of urea synthesis is formed and separately removed from it: (220352 kg / h; urea 38.5, ammonia 30.3, carbon dioxide 12.7, water 18.5; hereinafter, all compositions are given in% of May; the content of ammonium carbamate is shown as the content of ammonia and carbon dioxide, the product of the interaction of which it is; the content of inert impurities in gas streams is not shown) and a stream of 7 non-condensed gases (ammonia 1 1597 kg / h) .
- the stream 6 is throttled to a pressure of 12 MPa in the separator 8, where from it at 165 ° C, a gaseous stream 9 (23550 kg / h; ammonia 76.5, carbon dioxide 19.5, water 4.0) is aspirated.
- a gaseous stream 9 23550 kg / h; ammonia 76.5, carbon dioxide 19.5, water 4.0
- the melt withdrawn from stripper 11 (stream 13; 142890 kg / h; urea 59.2, ammonia 8.5, carbon dioxide 7.4, water 24.8) is subjected to further processing using conventional technological methods: distillation of the second stage with excessive a pressure of 0.3 MPa and a temperature of 135-140 ° C, condensation of the released gases upon cooling with water to form a dilute solution of UAS, evaporation of a urea solution in three steps under vacuum (residual pressure of 50, 30 and 3 kPa) to a concentration of 98.5-99 , 5% followed by prilling or granulation, as a result of which I get 84,305 kg / h of urea.
- Gas stream 14 from stripper 11 (77448 kg / h; ammonia 47.2, carbon dioxide 47.0, water 5.7, urea 0.1) together with gas stream 15 (18840 kg / h, ammonia 14413 kg / h, carbon dioxide 3674 kg / h, water 754 kg / h), which is part (80%) of stream 9 from separator 8, enter the first high-pressure condenser 16.
- a part of the UAC solution obtained by condensing the second stage distillation gases is also supplied to the condenser 16 (stream 17; 13680 kg / h; ammonia 37.0, carbon dioxide 32.1, water 30.1, urea 0.8).
- the second high-pressure condenser 5 which also serves UAS solution from the high-pressure absorber 20 (stream 21; 26891 kg / h; ammonia 53.2, carbon dioxide 23.9, water 22.4, urea 0.6), as well as a gas stream 22 (4710 kg / h, ammonia 3603 kg / h, carbon dioxide 918 kg / h, water 188 kg / h), which is the rest of the gas stream 9 from the separator 8, and the gas stream 7 from the synthesis reactor 1.
- Non-absorbed ammonia 42 kg / h
- inert gases stream 25; less than 2% of the total amount of gases condensed at a pressure of 12 MPa - flows 7, 9 and 14
- Amounts and the compositions of the flows are also shown in the attached table.
- the invention can be used in the chemical industry and in the production of fertilizers to obtain urea.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UAA201510346A UA112397C2 (uk) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-07-05 | Спосіб виробництва карбаміду |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2013122512/04A RU2529462C1 (ru) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-05-15 | Способ получения карбамида |
RU2013122512 | 2013-05-15 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2014185819A1 true WO2014185819A1 (ru) | 2014-11-20 |
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PCT/RU2014/000329 WO2014185819A1 (ru) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-05-07 | Способ получения карбамида |
Country Status (3)
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RU (1) | RU2529462C1 (ru) |
UA (1) | UA112397C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2014185819A1 (ru) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2454403C1 (ru) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-06-27 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Карбамида И Продуктов Органического Синтеза" (Оао Ниик) | Способ получения карбамида |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU692257A1 (ru) * | 1976-11-01 | 1984-05-23 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4302 | Способ получени мочевины |
SU839225A1 (ru) * | 1979-07-12 | 1984-05-15 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4302 | Способ получени мочевины |
NL8104039A (nl) * | 1981-09-01 | 1983-04-05 | Unie Van Kunstmestfab Bv | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van ureum. |
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2013
- 2013-05-15 RU RU2013122512/04A patent/RU2529462C1/ru active
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2014
- 2014-05-07 WO PCT/RU2014/000329 patent/WO2014185819A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2014-07-05 UA UAA201510346A patent/UA112397C2/uk unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2454403C1 (ru) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-06-27 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Карбамида И Продуктов Органического Синтеза" (Оао Ниик) | Способ получения карбамида |
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RU2529462C1 (ru) | 2014-09-27 |
UA112397C2 (uk) | 2016-08-25 |
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