WO2014183707A1

WO2014183707A1 - Beam forming method, method and device for determining index set, and storage media

Info

Publication number: WO2014183707A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/078555
Authority: WO
Inventors: 肖华华; 陈艺戬; 鲁照华
Original assignee: 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2013-11-20
Filing date: 2014-05-27
Publication date: 2014-11-20
Also published as: CN104660311B; CN104660311A

Abstract

Provided are a beam forming method, and a method and device for determining an initial beam index set, which relate to the field of wireless communications. The beam forming method is applied to a system comprising at least one second-type communication node, and the beam forming method comprises: sending an original beam; receiving an initial beam index set determined by the second-type communication node according to the original beam; and according to the initial beam index set, determining a target beam used for sending data. A beam is selected by the cooperation between a first-type communication node and a second-type communication node, the accuracy of selecting a beam is improved while the feedback amount of the beam is reduced, the performance of a wireless communication system is improved, and the coverage range of the system is increased. Also disclosed at the same time are two computer storage media.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a beamforming method, a method, apparatus, and storage medium for determining an index set. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Beamforming is a signal processing technology. For a horn antenna, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the eight antennas forms a beam in a fixed direction, and multiple ray antennas are used to form beams in multiple directions. The requirement of coverage is to transmit the data in the direction in which the signal is to be transmitted when transmitting the data, so as to achieve the purpose of directional transmission of data. For an array antenna system, the linear array shown in Figures 2a, 2b can also be a planar antenna array as shown in Figures 2c, 2d. Beamforming allows the data to be transmitted in a specified direction by weighting the antenna elements. Through the beamformed directional data transmission, the energy is concentrated in a useful direction, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is increased, thereby improving the coverage of the system.

Beamforming can be adjusted only in the horizontal azimuth. As shown in Fig. 3a, it only distinguishes mobile stations with different horizontal azimuths. For horizontal azimuths, mobile stations with different vertical elevation angles cannot be distinguished. It can also be adjusted only on the vertical elevation angle. As shown in Fig. 3b, it can distinguish users with different elevation angles. These two beamformings are called two-dimensional beamforming. Of course, the beam can also be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical dimensions at the same time to form a three-dimensional beamforming. As shown in FIG. 4, the three-dimensional beamforming is a stereo beamforming that considers both the horizontal azimuth and the vertical elevation angle. Shape technology, which can adaptively adjust the horizontal azimuth angle and adaptively adjust the vertical pitch angle, so as to distinguish between the receiving end of different azimuth angles and the receiving end of different pitch angles. In the existing beam selection method, one beam is transmitted at the same time, as in the long term evolution system.

(LTE: Long Term Evolution), the protocol is Release 8 version, referred to as R8 version, and beamforming by port 5, which selects the beam to transmit data through the first type of communication node. There are two beams transmitted simultaneously, such as in the Long Term Evolution (LTE), the protocol is Release 9 version, referred to as R9 version, beam shaping by port 7 and port 8, which requires the second type of communication. The node feeds a pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI: Pre-coding Matrix Indicator) and a rank indicator (RI: Rank Indicator) to implement beam selection. Or according to the channel heterogeneity of the time division multiplexing system, the first type of communication node selects a beam for transmitting data. These methods limit the number of beams for transmitting data, such as one or two. On the other hand, because only the first type of communication node or the second type of communication node selects the beam for transmitting data, it is not accurate enough, or Larger feedback volumes, such as those based on PMI and RI feedback in R9, require feedback PMI and RI. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a beamforming method, a method, apparatus, and storage medium for determining an index set, achieving beamforming accuracy of beamforming and reducing feedback, improving system performance, and increasing system coverage.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned requirements, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a beamforming method, where the beamforming method includes:

Send the original beam;

Receiving, by the second type of communication node, an initial beam index set determined according to the original beam; determining a destination beam used to transmit data according to the initial beam index set.

The second type of communication node is an application terminal.

Preferably, the step of transmitting the original beam comprises:

A set of antennas with the same polarization direction is selected to transmit the original beam.

Preferably, the step of transmitting the original beam comprises: Selecting a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or selecting a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

The step of determining a destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set includes:

Selecting an index from the initial beam index as the first compared index in turn, and deleting from the initial beam index set, if the first compared index satisfies one of the following conditions, the first compared index is merged into the destination Beam index set:

The distance between the weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the beam weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets is greater than a second threshold, wherein the distance refers to the chord of the two weight information Distance

Bl. The correlation between the weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the beam weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets is less than a third threshold, wherein the correlation refers to two weight information. Inner product

Cl. The weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the index weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets are not in the same group, wherein the beam grouping is pre-determined;

The beam corresponding to the target beam index set is determined to be the target beam.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for determining an initial beam index set, where the method for determining an initial beam index set includes:

Receiving a signal corresponding to the original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculating channel quality information;

And determining, according to the channel quality information, an initial beam index set, and feeding back to the first type of communication node.

Preferably, the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device.

Preferably, the channel quality information includes, but is not limited to, received power, received signal to noise ratio, and One of the received signal-to-noise ratio and the received carrier-to-noise ratio.

The determining the initial beam index set according to the channel quality information includes: determining a channel quality information maximum value in the original beam;

Defining a beam index corresponding to the original beam as a set of original beam indexes, sequentially selecting an index from the original beam index as a second compared index, and deleting the second compared index from the original beam index set, if the following conditions are met First, merging the second compared index into the initial beam index set:

A2. The channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam is greater than the first threshold; b2. The channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information are less than the second threshold, And the distance between the weight information of the compared index corresponding beam and the weight information of the index corresponding beam in any other original beam index set is greater than a third threshold, wherein the distance refers to a chord of two weight information. Distance

C2. The channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information are different from the second threshold, and the weight information of the compared index corresponding beam and any other original beam index set The correlation of the weight information of the index corresponding to the beam is less than the fourth threshold, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

D2. The channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information are different from the second threshold, and the compared index corresponding beam weight information and any other original beam index set The weight information of the index corresponding beam in the index is not in the same group, wherein the beam grouping is pre-divided.

Preferably, the first threshold value may include at least one of the following:

e. Pre-configured fixed values;

f. an average of channel quality information of all beams in the original beam;

g. Aligning the channel quality information of the original beam in descending order, and sequentially taking the average of the channel quality information of the original beam that is greater than the number of beams corresponding to the initial beam index set. Value.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a device for implementing beamforming, where the device includes: a sending module, configured to send an original beam;

The receiving module is configured to receive the initial beam index set determined by the second type of communication node; the first determining module is configured to determine the target beam according to the initial beam index set. A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a device for implementing beamforming, where the device includes: a calculating module, configured to receive an original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculate channel quality information of the beam;

a second determining module, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to channel quality information of the beam;

And a sending module, configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node. A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the method according to any one of the first aspects of the embodiments of the present invention. .

A sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the method according to any one of the second aspects of the embodiments of the present invention. .

The above technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

In the beamforming method of the embodiment of the present invention, the beam is selected by the cooperation of the first type of communication node and the second type of communication node, and the beam feedback amount is reduced, the accuracy of the selection beam is improved, and the wireless communication system is improved. The performance increases the coverage of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. la is a schematic diagram of an H-face fan-shaped Ra eight antenna;

Figure lb is a schematic diagram of an E-faced fan-shaped eight-eight antenna;

Figure lc is a schematic diagram of a pyramidal eight-antenna; Figure Id is a schematic diagram of a conical Lap eight antenna structure;

2a is a schematic diagram of a single-polarized linear array structure in an array antenna system

2b is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized linear array structure in an array antenna system

2c is a schematic diagram of a single-polarized planar array structure in an array antenna system

2d is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized planar array structure in an array antenna system

Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional beamforming structure with different azimuth angles of the same pitch angle; Figure 3b is a two-dimensional beamforming diagram with different azimuth angles of different elevation angles.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional beam!!

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for beamforming according to an embodiment of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are directed to the problem that the determination of the beam for transmitting data is not accurate enough and has a large amount of feedback, and provides a beamforming method, a method and device for determining a beam to be fed back, and the first type of communication node and the The second type of communication nodes cooperate to select the beam, which reduces the beam feedback amount, improves the accuracy of the selected beam, improves the performance of the wireless communication system, and increases the coverage of the system.

As shown in FIG. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beamforming method, which can be applied to a system including at least one second type of communication node, where the beamforming method includes:

Step 10: Send an original beam.

Step 20: Receive an initial beam index set determined by the second type communication node according to the original beam.

Step 30: Determine a target beam used to transmit data according to the initial beam index set. In the node, the first type of communication node selects the target beam by cooperation with the second type of communication node, Improving the accuracy of beamforming; wherein the second type of communication node determines the initial beam index set according to the original beam and feeds it back to the first type of communication node; the first type of communication node determines the initial beam index set according to the initial beam index set. Target beam. Preferably, the initial beam index set and the destination beam may be one, two or even multiple, and the number of beams may be determined according to the size and selection method of the information to be transmitted, thereby increasing the coverage of the system.

The second type of communication node is an application terminal.

The second type of communication node in the embodiment of the present invention is an application terminal, such as a data card, a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a Bluetooth, etc., but is not limited thereto, and all terminals capable of receiving data It is applicable in the present invention.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step 10 include:

Step 101: Select a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit the original beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the antenna array of the dual-polarization linear array is used for transmitting the original information, step 101 is performed to select a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit the original beam, so that the energy is concentrated in a useful direction. Increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the system, thus increasing the coverage of the system.

Step 102: Select an antenna of the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or select a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the planar array antenna is used when transmitting the original information, step 102 is performed to select a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or select the same group arranged in the same column. The antenna in the polarization direction transmits the original beam. The weighting process of the antenna unit enables the data to be transmitted in a specified direction, so that the energy concentration is in a useful direction, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is increased, thereby improving the performance of the wireless communication system.

6 fj匕

dagger.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step 30 include:

Step 301: sequentially select an index from the initial beam index as the first compared index. And deleting from the initial beam index set, if the first compared index satisfies one of the following conditions, the first compared index is merged into the target beam index set:

Al. The distance between the weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the beam weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets is greater than a second threshold, wherein the distance refers to the chord of the two weight information Distance

Bl. The correlation between the weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the beam weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets is less than a third threshold, wherein the correlation refers to two weight information Inner product

Step 302: Determine that a beam corresponding to the target beam index set is a target beam.

In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation of the steps 301 and 302 is as follows: The received initial beam index set is S2, the destination beam index set is S3, and S3 is initialized to an empty set. Step 301: Select a beam in S2, if it satisfies one of the following conditions, merge into the set S3: al: the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set are greater than the second gate Limit Dl. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance of the two weight vectors; bl: the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set are less than the third threshold D2. Here, the correlation refers to the inner product of two weight vectors; cl: the weight information corresponding to the beam is not in the same group as the weight corresponding to any one of the beams in the S2 set, where the beam grouping is pre-divided. Step 301 is repeated until the set S2 is empty. Step 302: Determine the number of elements in the S3 set as the number of beams of the final transmitted data, and the beam corresponding to the index in S3 is the destination beam finally used to transmit data.

Preferably, the beam grouping in step cl refers to a beam that is pre-divided by the first communication node and the second type of communication node, and satisfies the conditions of vector orthogonality and intra-group correlation between the groups, and the grouping standard thereof It can be carried out according to general standards in communication technology. The determination of the second threshold value D1 and the third threshold value D2 may be an average value determined by trial and error, or may be an artificially set value, which may be determined according to the accuracy of the transmitted data, etc., and is not limited to a fixed value. .

In order to achieve the above objective, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for determining an initial beam index set, which is applicable to a system including at least one first type of communication node, and the method for determining an initial beam index set includes:

Step 40: Receive a signal corresponding to the original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculate channel quality information.

Step 50: Determine an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information, and feed back to the first type of communication node.

The method of the foregoing embodiment of the present invention may be specifically applied to the second type of communication node of the foregoing system, and the destination beam is selected by the cooperation of the first type of communication node and the second type of communication node, thereby improving the accuracy of beamforming; The second type of communication node is used to determine the initial beam index set and improve the accuracy of the selected beam.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device. The first type of communication node in the embodiment of the present invention is a wireless communication device, such as a macro base station, a micro base station, a repeater, a relay, a remote device, a wireless access point, etc., but is not limited thereto, and all can be sent. Wireless communication devices for data are applicable in the present invention.

Preferably, in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, the channel quality information includes, but is not limited to, one of a received power, a received signal to noise ratio, a received signal to interference and noise ratio, and a received carrier to interference and noise ratio.

In the embodiment of the present invention, different channel quality information may be selected according to different requirements of the first type of communication node and the second type of communication node to determine an initial beam index set, or multiple interfaces may be combined at the same time, such as this. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the received power and the received signal to noise ratio are used together to determine the beam to be fed back, and the accuracy of beam selection is improved.

Preferably, in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, in step 50, according to the channel quality information, The specific steps for determining the initial beam index set include:

Step 501: Determine a maximum value of channel quality information in the original beam.

Step 502: Define a beam index corresponding to the original beam as a set of original beam indexes, and sequentially select an index from the original beam index as a second compared index, and delete the second compared index from the original beam index set, if The second compared index is merged into the initial beam index set by one of the following conditions:

In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation of the steps 501 and 502 is as follows: The set of beam indexes corresponding to the original beam is S1, the initial beam index set is S2, and S2 is initialized to an empty set. Step 502: Select a beam in S1 and delete it from S1. If it satisfies one of the following conditions, merge into the set S2; a2: The channel quality information of the beam is greater than the first threshold TH1; b2: The channel quality information of the beam differs from the maximum value of the channel quality information by less than the second threshold value D1, and the corresponding weight information is associated with any one of the beams in the S2 set. The weight information distance is greater than the third threshold value D2. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance of the two weight information; b2: the channel quality information of the beam differs from the maximum value of the channel quality information by less than the second threshold value D1, and the corresponding weight information and any one of the S2 sets The weight information correlation of the beam is less than the fourth threshold value D3. Here, the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information; c2: the channel quality information of the beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information differ by less than the second threshold value D 1, and the corresponding weight information and the S2 set Any one of the beams is not in the same group, and the beam packets here are pre-divided. Step 502 is iterated until the set S1 is empty. The index in S2 is the M beam index in the initial beam index, and the number of elements in the S2 set is determined as the number M of beams to be fed back.

Preferably, the beam grouping in step d2 refers to a beam in which the first type of communication node and the second type of communication node are pre-divided, and the vector orthogonal to the group and the intra-group correlation are satisfied, and the grouping standard can be based on the communication. The general standard in technology is carried out. Wherein, the determination of the second threshold value D1, the third threshold value D2, and the fourth threshold value D3 may be an average value determined by trial and error, or may be an artificially set value, and may be based on accuracy of transmission data, etc. The decision is not limited to a fixed value.

In the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, the first threshold value may include one of the following: e. a pre-configured fixed value;

f. an average of channel quality information of all beams in the original beam;

g. Aligning the channel quality information of the original beam in descending order, and sequentially taking an average value of channel quality information of the original beam that is greater than the number of beams corresponding to the initial beam index set.

The method for determining the first threshold value in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above three methods, and other methods capable of accurately determining the first threshold value are applicable in the present invention.

Preferably, in order to better describe the method of the present invention, an example is as follows:

Specific embodiment 1 :

In this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is a mobile terminal. N _beam horn antennas are configured on the base station. For example, the N _beam can be 12, 15, 18, 24 Equal positive integer. Each horn antenna can transmit beams in a different direction. At the same time, the base station can select one or more horn antennas to transmit data for the same terminal, wherein the data transmitted by the horn is directional, and is a beam. . The base station and the terminal complete the selection of the P-eight antennas for transmitting data, that is, beam selection, by the following steps.

(1) The base station sequentially selects a horn antenna to transmit signals in N _beam time slots, and each time is bound to a latitude eight antenna index.

(2) The terminal selects to receive the signal transmitted by the base station in the N _beam time slots, and calculates the channel quality information of the corresponding received signal, such as the received power. Wherein the channel quality information corresponding to the i-th time slot is, two i _· ·, Ν Β

(3) The largest feedback from the terminal, the corresponding beam index is fed back to the base station.

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal, and selects the beam finally used to transmit the data by the following method.

Let all the received initial beam index sets be S2, and the destination beam index set used to send data is S3, and S3 is initialized to an empty set. The final determination of the beam is completed by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) Select a channel index with the largest channel index in S2 and remove it from S2 and merge it into set S3.

(4.2) Select a beam in S2 and remove it from S2, which is not in the same group as any beam in S3. Here, the beam grouping means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, each group of beams is physically adjacent to three horn antennas. For example, the first group is 1, 2}, and the i-th group is { Il, i, i+l}, where the number in parentheses is the beam index, which corresponds to the physically arranged antenna.

(4.3) Repeat step (4.2) until set S2 is empty.

(4.4) Determine the number of elements in the S3 set as the number of beams of the final transmitted data, and the beam corresponding to the index in S3 is the beam that is finally used to transmit data. Through the steps (1) - (4), the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process, and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process can be performed periodically in a certain cycle. Or it is performed by the terminal after triggering the base station when necessary. It may also be performed after the base station triggers according to the current channel quality information.

The time slot here is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, or an OFDMA symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal to noise ratio, a received signal to interference and noise ratio, a received carrier to interference and noise ratio, and the like. It is no longer exhaustive here.

In a further embodiment, selecting M initial beams in step (3) can be performed as follows:

Let all the original beam index sets be Sl, the initial beam index set used to send data is S2, and S2 is initialized to an empty set. The final determination of the beam is completed by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) Select a beam index in S1 and remove it from S1 and merge it into the set S2.

(3.2) Select a beam in S1 and remove it from S1, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2. Here, the beam grouping means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, each group of beams is physically adjacent to three horn antennas. For example, the first group is {^ _∞m , l, 2}, The i group is {il, i, i+l}, where the number in parentheses is the beam index, which corresponds to the physically arranged antenna.

(3.3) Repeat step (3.2) until set S1 is empty.

(3.4) It is determined that the number of elements in the S2 set is the number M of the initial beams, and the beam corresponding to the index in S2 is the initial M beams. At this time, step (4) can directly determine the destination beam of the final transmitted data.

Specific embodiment 2:

In this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is a mobile terminal. Each sector on the base station is equipped with an Nt linear array of antennas, each of which has the same polarization direction, such as positive 45. Polarized antenna or negative 45° polarized antenna or horizontally polarized antenna or vertically polarized antenna. The antenna array is shown in Figure 2(a). The Nt antenna can be virtualized into N s _{∞m beams in} different directions by N s _{∞ m} weight vectors. Where, its weight vector is a column vector with a norm of x, xl, i = U _Beam. A simple example is that it is a DFT vector, ie

^ = ^[1 ... e^w^ f . θ is the direction in which the beam is directed. The base station and the terminal complete the beam selection of the transmitted data by the following steps.

(1) The base station sequentially selects a beam weight vector to weight the antenna to form a beamforming transmission signal in each time slot, and each time is bound to a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal selects to receive the signal transmitted by the base station in the time slots, and calculates the channel quality information of the corresponding received signal, such as the received power. The channel quality information corresponding to the i th slot is Cg/, i = U

(3) The M corresponding beam indexes with the largest feedback from the terminal are fed back to the base station.

(4.2) Select a beam in S2 and remove it from S2, the beam and S3 Any one of the beams is not in the same group. Here, the beam grouping means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the weight information in each group of beams is related and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) Repeat step (4.2) until set S2 is empty.

(4.4) Determine the number of elements in the S3 set as the number of beams of the final transmitted data, and the beam corresponding to the index in S3 is the destination beam that is finally used to transmit data.

Through the steps (1) - (4), the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process, and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process can be performed periodically in a certain cycle. Or it is performed by the terminal after triggering the base station when necessary. It may also be performed after the base station triggers according to the current channel quality information.

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal to noise ratio, a received signal to interference and noise ratio, a received carrier to interference and noise ratio, and the like.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight of any beam in the S2 set The information distance is greater than Dl. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance d = ^\-\ W _i ^H W _j \ ^{2 of the} two weight information; wherein the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight of any beam in the S2 set The information correlation is less than D2. Here, correlation refers to the inner product of two weight information; wherein, the superscript indicates a conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, selecting the M feedback beams in step (3) may be as follows get on:

(3.1) Select the beam index with the largest channel quality information in S1 and delete it from S1 and merge it into set S2.

(3.2) Selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and removes it from S1, the beam is not in any one of the beams in S2. In the same group. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the weight information in each group of beams is related and the chord distance is as large as possible. The weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) Repeat step (3.2) until set S1 is empty.

(3.4) Determine the number of elements in the S2 set as the number of beams to be transmitted M, and the index corresponding to the index in S2 is the initial M beams.

At this time, step (4) can directly determine the destination beam of the final transmitted data.

Of course, in another embodiment, step (3.2) may be replaced by: selecting a beam with a channel quality information greater than TH1 in S1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and It is deleted from S1, and the weight information corresponding to the beam is greater than the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance of the two weight vectors = small - \ ww _} \ ; where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in another embodiment, step (3.2) may be replaced by: selecting a beam with a channel quality information greater than TH1 in S1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and It is deleted from S1, the beam corresponds to The weight information has a correlation with the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation refers to the inner product r = of two weight vectors; where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific Example 3:

In this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is a mobile terminal. Each sector on the base station is equipped with an antenna of Nt root linearly polarized arrays, and each antenna may be positive 45. Polarized antenna or negative 45° polarized antenna or horizontally polarized antenna or vertically polarized antenna. The antenna array is shown in Figure 2 (b). This Nt antenna can be virtualized into beams in different directions by ^ weight vector. Wherein, the weight vector is ^, ^ is N, and the norm of x1 is 1 to i = \, , N _ne A simple example is an antenna sub-array in the same polarization direction, which is a DFT vector, ie =, [1 _β ^{2 π] θ} ' ... ¹ f . 6;. is the polarization direction antenna sub-array

^ _t

The direction of the beam, the weight vector of the entire antenna array can be expressed as the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection of the transmitted data by the following steps:

(1) The base station sequentially selects the weight vector of one sub-array in the time slots to weight the antennas of the same polarization direction to form a beam transmission signal, and each time is bound to an index.

Wherein, selecting the weight of the sub-array to transmit data can reduce the time slot of the transmitting beam by multiple.

(2) The terminal selects to receive the signal transmitted by the base station in each time slot, and calculates channel quality information of the corresponding received signal, such as received power. The channel quality information corresponding to the i-th time slot is C3⁄4/, and i = U _B

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal, and selects a beam that is finally used to transmit data by the following method. Let all the received initial beam index sets be S2, and the destination beam index set finally used to send data is S3, and S3 is initialized to an empty set. The final determination of the beam is completed by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) Select a beam index in S2 and remove it from S2 and merge it into the set S3.

(4.2) Select a beam in S2 and remove it from S2. This beam is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) Repeat step (4.2) until set S2 is empty.

(4.4) Determine the number of elements in the S3 set as the number of beams of the final transmitted data, and the beam corresponding to the index in S3 is the selected final selected beam, and use the weight corresponding to the beam to form the weight of the entire antenna array. And use the weight of the entire array to send the beam of the data. Use the weight of the subarray to generate the weight of the entire array as

Through the steps (1)_(4), the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process, and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process can be performed periodically in a certain cycle. Or it is performed by the terminal after triggering the base station when necessary. It may also be performed after the base station triggers according to the current channel quality information.

The time slot here, the OFDM symbol in the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, or the OF DMA of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (OFDM) symbol.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: Select one of S2 The beams are removed from S2, and the weight information corresponding to the beam is greater than the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance d = ^\-\W _i ^H W _j \ ^{2 of the} two weight vectors; wherein the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight of any beam in the S2 set The information correlation is less than D2. Here, the correlation refers to the inner product of two weight vectors r = \W _l ^H W _J \ where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, selecting the M feedback beams in step (3) can be performed as follows:

Let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to send data is S2, and S ^{2 is} initialized to an empty set. The final determination of the beam is completed by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.2) Select a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and delete it from S1, the beam is not in any one of the beams in S2. In the same group. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-divided. For example, the weight information in each group of beams is related and the chord distance is as large as possible. The weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) Repeat step (3.2) until set S1 is empty.

(3.4) Determine the number of elements in the S2 set as the number of beams to be transmitted M. The index corresponding to the index in S2 is the initial M beams.

Of course, in another embodiment, step (3.2) can be replaced by the following method: Select a beam in the SI whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and delete it from S1. The weight information corresponding to the beam and any of the S2 sets The weight information distance of one beam is greater than Dl. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance of two weight vectors = small -

Where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in another embodiment, step (3.2) may be replaced by: selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is greater than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and It is deleted from S1, and the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any one of the beams in the S2 set are less than D2. Here, correlation refers to the inner product of two weight information r =

Where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific Example 4:

In this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is a mobile terminal. Each sector on the base station is equipped with an antenna of an Nt root plane array, and each antenna has the same polarization direction, for example, positive 45. Polarized antenna or negative 45° polarized antenna or horizontally polarized antenna or vertically polarized antenna. The antenna array is shown in Figure 2(c). These antennas are arranged in N ₁ rows and M ₁ columns. This Nt antenna can be virtualized into beams in different directions by ^ weight vector. Among them, its weight vector is ^, ^ is the column vector of the norm of xl, i two, ··', _{Β Β} wake up. A simple example is that the weight of the antenna of each column is the DFT vector, ie w;=^[\ β ^2π]φ · ... ― _Wi f. That is, the direction of the beam of the column, / = i, ..., N _v . The weight of the antenna of each row is the DFT vector, ie =_^[1 ... _e ² - . That is, the direction of the beam of the line beam, m ii, '', N _h . The base station column uses the weights corresponding to the beams in these two directions to form the final weight W = W ^k ® W or = ® , V ^h the weight of the same column antenna, ^^ is the weight of the same row of antennas, ® represents the kronecker product. The base station and the terminal pass two The selection process of the beam is completed in one stage.

In the first stage, the beam selection for the same column antenna is completed by the following steps.

(1) The base station sequentially selects one beam weight ^v vector in N _v time slots to weight the antennas of the same column to form a beamforming transmission signal, and each time is bound to a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal selects to receive the signal transmitted by the base station in N _v time slots, and calculates channel quality information, such as received power, of the corresponding received signal. The channel quality information corresponding to the i-th time slot is (3⁄4/,, i2\,··', Ν _ν .

(3) The corresponding feedback of the maximum beam index of the terminal feedback to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal, and determines the beam shaping weight of the column. In the second phase, the selection of the same row of antenna beams is accomplished by the following steps:

(1) The base station sequentially selects a beam weight ^ ^3⁄4 vector in N _A time slots to weight the antennas of the same row to form a beamforming transmission signal, and each time is bound to a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal selects a signal received from the base station in the time slots N _h, and calculates the received signal corresponding to the channel quality information, such as reception power. The channel quality information corresponding to the i-th time slot is (3⁄4/,, i = \, '", N _h .

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal, and determines the beam index of the antenna of the line by the following method.

(4.2) Select a beam in S2 and remove it from S2, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3. Here, the beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal pre-divided. Preferably, for example, the weight information in each set of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) Repeat step (4.2) until set S2 is empty.

(4.4) It is determined that the number of elements in the S3 set is the number of beams of the final transmitted data, and the beam corresponding to the index in S3 is the beam finally used to transmit data.

Through the steps (1) - (4) the base station and the terminal complete the second stage beam selection process,

^^ Set the weight corresponding to the selected beam. The base station determines the beam weight determined by the first stage and the weight determined by the second stage to form the final weight. Which process can be

W _m =W _o ^v _pt ®W^m = m --m _k , or W _m =W ^nn , where ® represents the kronecker product. The base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process can be performed periodically in a certain cycle. Or it is performed by the terminal after triggering the base station when necessary. It may also be performed after the base station triggers according to the current channel quality information.

In a further embodiment, the second stage of the step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any one of the S2 sets The weight information distance of the beam is greater than Dl. Here, the distance refers to the chord of the two weight information is separated by = -1 if ; where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, the second stage of the step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any one of the S2 sets The weight information correlation of the beam is less than D2. Here, correlation refers to two weights The inner product of the quantity r =

Where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, the selection of the M feedback beams in step (3) of the second phase can be performed as follows:

(3.3) Repeat step (3.2) until set S1 is empty.

(3.4) Determine the number of elements in the S2 set as the number of beams to be transmitted M, and the index corresponding to the index in S2 is the index corresponding to the M beams to be fed back.

At this time, the step (4) of the second stage can directly determine the destination beam of the final transmitted data. Of course, in a further embodiment, the second step (3.2) can be replaced by the following method:

Selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting it from S1, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any of the S2 sets The weight information distance of one beam is greater than Dl. Here, the distance refers to the chord distance of the two weight information = small - \ ww _} \ ; where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector. Of course, in a further embodiment, the second step (3.2) can be replaced by the following method:

Selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting it from S1, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any of the S2 sets The weight information correlation of one beam is less than D2. Here, correlation refers to the inner product of two weight vectors r =

Wherein, the superscript H represents a conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific embodiment 5:

In this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is a mobile terminal. Each sector on the base station is configured with an antenna of an Nt root plane array, and each antenna has a polarization direction, such as positive 45. Polarized antenna or negative 45° polarized antenna or horizontally polarized antenna or vertically polarized antenna. The antenna array is shown in Figure 2(d). These antennas are arranged in ₁ row and ₁ column. The Nt antenna can be virtualized into N _{B∞m beams in} different directions by N _{B ∞ m} weight vectors. Where, its weight vector is ^, N is a column vector with a norm of x1, ί = , '··, Ν _Β A simple example is the weight of the antenna of each column. It is a DFT vector, ie J =~^[l β ^2πιφ ' ... e is the direction of the beam of the column, / = 1,.. N _V . The weight of the antenna in the same polarization direction of each row is the DFT vector, ie _m ^A =~^[i β ^2π]θ ' ... Μ ₂ f. That is, the direction of the beam of the line beam, 1 = \,·'·, Ν _ν , the weight vector of all the antennas of the line can be expressed as the base station column using the weights corresponding to the beams in the two directions to form a final

The weight is = ^A ® ^v , or = ^v ® ^A , where ^{ν is} the weight of the same column of antennas, W ¹¹ is the weight of the same row of antennas, and ® is the kronecker product. The base station and the terminal complete the selection process of the beam in two stages.

In the first stage, the beam selection for the same column antenna is completed by the following steps. (1) The base station sequentially selects one beam weight vector in N _v time slots to weight the antennas of the same column to form a beamforming transmission signal, and each time is bound to a weight vector index.

(1) The base station sequentially selects a beam weight vector in N _A time slots to weight the antennas of the same polarization direction in the same row to form a beamforming transmission signal, and each time is bound to a weight vector index. .

(4.2) Select a beam in S2 and remove it from S2, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3. Here, the beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal pre-divided well. For example, the weight information in each group of beams is related and the chord distance is as large as possible, and between groups The weight vectors are orthogonal.

(4.3) Repeat step (4.2) until set S2 is empty.

Step (1) - (4) The base station and the terminal complete the selection process of the second stage beam, and the weights corresponding to the selected beams are J^, m = m _x , --- m _k , then the line Beam shaping weight of the antenna

. The weight of the beam determined by the base station through the first phase

The weights determined in the second phase form the final weight. Which process can be

W _m = W _o ^v _pt ® W^m = m _l , --m _k , or W _m = W <8>W;, m = m _k , where ® represents the kronecker product. The base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process can be performed periodically in a certain cycle. Or it is performed by the terminal after triggering the base station when necessary. It may also be performed after the base station triggers according to the current channel quality information.

In a further embodiment, the second stage of the step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any one of the S2 sets The weight information distance of the beam is greater than Dl. Here, the distance is the chord of the two weight vectors = -1 if ; where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, the second step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: selecting a beam in S2 and deleting it from S2, the weight information corresponding to the beam and the S2 set The weight information correlation of any one of the beams is less than D2. Here, correlation refers to the inner product of two weight vectors r =

Where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

(3.3) Repeat step (3.2) until set S1 is empty.

Selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting it from S1, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any of the S2 sets The weight information distance of one beam is greater than Dl. Here, the distance refers to the sinus distance of the two weight information - \ ww _} \ ; where the superscript H represents the vector Conjugate transposition.

Of course, in a further embodiment, the second step (3.2) can be replaced by the following method:

Selecting a beam in S1 whose channel quality information is larger than TH1, or a beam whose channel quality information differs from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting it from S1, the weight information corresponding to the beam and any of the S2 sets The weight information correlation of one beam is less than D2. Here, correlation refers to the inner product of two weight information r = Where the superscript H represents the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In order to achieve the above objective, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for implementing beamforming, which can be applied to a first type of communication node, and the device includes:

The sending module 01 is configured to send the original beam.

The receiving module 02 is configured to receive an initial beam index set determined by the second type of communication node. The first determining module 03 is configured to determine the target beam according to the initial beam index set. The specific structure of the foregoing sending module 01 may include a wireless transmitting interface such as a transmitting antenna or a transmitting antenna array.

The specific structure of the receiving module 02 may include a wireless receiving interface, such as a receiving sweet antenna or a receiving antenna array.

The specific structure of the first determining module 03 may include a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium stores a readable instruction; the processor is connected to the storage medium through an internal communication interface or an address bus and a data bus; The processor runs the readable instructions to implement a function of determining a target beam from the initial set of beam indices. The processor can be a microprocessor, a central processing unit or a digital signal processor or the like. In a specific implementation process, the first determining module 03 may also be an electronic component having a processing function, such as a programmable logic array.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for implementing beamforming, which can be applied to a second type of communication node, and the device includes: The calculating module 04 is configured to receive the original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculate channel quality information of the beam;

a second determining module 05, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to channel quality information of the beam;

The sending module 06 is configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node.

The specific structure of the computing module 04 may include a calculator or a processor having computing functions. The specific structure of the second determining module 05 may include a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium stores a readable instruction; the processor is connected to the storage medium through an internal communication interface or an address bus and a data bus; The processor runs the readable instructions to implement a function of determining a target beam from the initial set of beam indices. The processor can be a microprocessor, a central processing unit or a digital signal processor or the like. In a specific implementation process, the first determining module 05 may also be an electronic component having a processing function, such as a programmable logic array.

The specific structure of the sending module 06 may include a transmitting interface, such as a transmitting antenna. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first type of communication node and the second type of communication node cooperate to select a beam, which reduces the beam feedback amount, improves the accuracy of the selected beam, improves the performance of the wireless communication system, and increases The coverage of the system. All of the embodiments of the beamforming method described above and the method of determining the initial beam index set and their beneficial effects are applicable in the system for beamforming.

The embodiment of the invention further describes a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the method applicable to any one of the first type of communication nodes. .

Another embodiment of the present invention also describes a computer storage medium having stored therein computer executable instructions for executing the method applicable to the second type of communication node. The computer storage medium may be a storage device having a storage function such as a USB flash drive, an optical disk, a DVD, or a magnetic tape; and the computer storage medium is preferably a non-transitory storage medium.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Modifications made in accordance with the principles of the invention are understood to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

A beamforming method, the beamforming method, comprising:

Send the original beam;

2. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the second type of communication node is an application terminal.

3. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the original beam comprises:

4. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the original beam comprises:

Selecting a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or selecting a group of antennas of the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set comprises:

Bl. The correlation between the weight information of the first compared index corresponding beam and the beam weight information corresponding to the index in any one of the initial beam index sets is less than a third threshold, wherein the correlation Sex refers to the inner product of two weight information;

A method for determining an initial beam index set, the method for determining an initial beam index set, comprising:

7. The method of determining an initial beam index set according to claim 6, wherein the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device.

8. The method of determining an initial beam index set according to claim 6, wherein the channel quality information comprises, but is not limited to, one of a received power, a received signal to noise ratio, a received signal to interference and noise ratio, and a received carrier to interference ratio.

9. The method for determining an initial beam index set according to claim 6, wherein the determining the initial beam index set according to the channel quality information comprises:

Determining a maximum value of channel quality information in the original beam;

A2. The channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam is greater than the first threshold; b2. the channel quality information of the second compared index corresponding beam and the channel quality information The maximum value difference is smaller than the second threshold value, and the weight information of the reference index corresponding beam is greater than the third threshold value of the weight information of the index corresponding beam in any other original beam index set, where The distance refers to the chord distance of two weight information;

10. The method of determining an initial beam index set according to claim 9, wherein the first threshold value comprises at least one of the following:

e. Pre-configured fixed values;

f. an average of channel quality information of all beams in the original beam;

11. An apparatus for implementing beamforming, the apparatus comprising:

a sending module configured to send the original beam;

The receiving module is configured to receive the initial beam index set determined by the second type of communication node; the first determining module is configured to determine the target beam according to the initial beam index set.

12. An apparatus for implementing beamforming, the apparatus comprising:

a calculation module, configured to receive an original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculate channel quality information of the beam; a second determining module, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to channel quality information of the beam;

And a sending module, configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node.

A computer storage medium having stored therein computer executable instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

A computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, the computer executable instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 6 to 10.