CN104660311A - Beam forming method, and method and device for determining initial beam indexing collection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a beam forming method, and a method and device for determining an initial beam indexing collection, and relates to the field of wireless communication. The beam forming method is applied to a system which at least comprises one second category communication node, wherein the beam forming method comprises the following steps: sending an original beam; receiving an initial beam indexing collection determined by the second category communication node according to the original beam; determining a target beam which is used for sending a data through the initial beam indexing collection. Through the cooperation of the first category communication node and the second category communication node, the beam is selected, when the feedback quantity of the beam is reduced, the accuracy of choosing the beam is improved, the property of the wireless communication system is improved, and the coverage area of the system is enlarged.

Description

Beam forming method, method and device for determining initial beam index set

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a beamforming method, a method and an apparatus for determining an initial beam index set.

Background

Beam forming is a signal processing technology, and for horn antennas, as shown in fig. 1, each horn antenna forms a beam in a fixed direction, forms beams in multiple directions through multiple horn antennas to meet the requirement of coverage, and selects a horn antenna in the direction in which a signal is to be sent to send when sending data, thereby achieving the purpose of directionally sending data. For array antenna systems, such as the linear array shown in fig. 2a and 2b, it can also be the planar antenna array shown in fig. 2c and 2 d. Beamforming enables data to be transmitted in a specified direction by performing weighting processing on antenna units. Through the directional data transmission of the beam forming, the energy is concentrated in a useful direction, the signal to noise ratio of the system is increased, and the coverage range of the system is improved.

Beamforming can be adjusted only in horizontal azimuth, as shown in fig. 3a, to distinguish between mobile stations with different horizontal azimuths, and for the same horizontal azimuths, mobile stations with different vertical elevation angles cannot be distinguished, or adjusted only in vertical elevation angles, as shown in fig. 3b, to distinguish between users with different elevation angles. These two types of beamforming are called two-dimensional beamforming. Of course, the beam can also be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical dimensions at the same time to form three-dimensional beam forming, as shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional beam forming is a three-dimensional beam forming technology considering both the horizontal azimuth angle and the vertical pitch angle, and can adaptively adjust both the horizontal azimuth angle and the vertical pitch angle, thereby distinguishing the receiving ends with different azimuth angles and also distinguishing the receiving ends with different pitch angles.

In the existing beam selection methods, there is a method for simultaneously transmitting a beam, for example, in a Long Term Evolution system (LTE), a protocol of the method is Release8 version, R8 version for short, and beam forming is implemented by a port 5, and the method selects a beam to be transmitted with data through a first type of communication node. For example, in a Long Term Evolution system (LTE), a protocol of the system is Release9 version, referred to as R9 version, and beamforming implemented by a port 7 and a port 8, and the system needs a second type of communication node to feed back a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) and a Rank Indicator (RI) to implement beam selection. Or the first type communication node selects the beam for transmitting data according to the channel reciprocity of the time division multiplexing system. These methods limit the number of beams for transmitting data, such as 1 or 2, on the other hand, because only the first type communication node or the second type communication node selects the beam for transmitting data, they are not accurate enough, or have a large feedback amount, such as in the PMI and RI feedback-based method in R9, they need to feedback PMI and RI.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a beam forming method, a method and a device for determining a beam to be fed back, which can realize the accuracy of beam selection of beam forming, reduce the feedback quantity, improve the system performance and increase the coverage of the system.

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beamforming method, which is applied to a system including at least one second type communication node, where the beamforming method includes:

transmitting an original beam;

receiving an initial beam index set determined by the second type of communication node according to the original beam;

and determining a destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set.

And the second type communication node is an application terminal.

Further, the step of sending the original beam specifically includes:

and selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit the original beam.

Further, the step of sending the original beam specifically includes:

and selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

Wherein, the step of determining the destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set specifically includes:

sequentially selecting one index from the initial beam indexes as a first compared index, deleting the first compared index from the initial beam index set, and merging the first compared index into the destination beam index set if the first compared index meets one of the following conditions:

a1. the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is larger than a second threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

b1. the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is smaller than a third threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

c1. the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set, wherein the beam group is divided in advance;

and determining the beam corresponding to the target beam index set as a target beam.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for determining an initial beam index set, which is applied to a system including at least one first-type communication node, and the method for determining the initial beam index set includes:

receiving signals corresponding to original beams sent by the first-class communication nodes, and calculating channel quality information;

and determining an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information, and feeding back the initial beam index set to the first type communication node.

Further, the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device.

Preferably, the channel quality information includes, but is not limited to, one of received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

Wherein, according to the channel quality information, the step of determining the initial beam index set specifically includes:

determining the maximum value of channel quality information in the original beam;

defining a beam index corresponding to an original beam as an original beam index set, sequentially selecting one index from the original beam indexes as a second compared index, deleting the second compared index from the original beam index set, and combining the second compared index into the original beam index set if one of the following conditions is met:

a2. the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index is larger than a first threshold value;

b2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is larger than a third threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

c2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is smaller than a fourth threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

d2. and the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than a second threshold value, and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set, wherein the beam group is pre-divided.

Further, the method for determining the first threshold value at least includes:

e. a pre-configured fixed value;

f. an average of channel quality information for all beams in the original beam;

g. and arranging the channel quality information of the original beams in a descending order, and sequentially taking the average value of the channel quality information of the original beams with the number larger than that of the beams corresponding to the initial beam index set.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for realizing beam forming, which is applied to the first type communication node, and the device comprises:

a transmitting module, configured to transmit an original beam;

a receiving module, configured to receive an initial beam index set determined by a second communication node;

a first determining module, configured to determine a destination beam according to the initial beam index set.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for realizing beam forming, which is applied to the second type of communication nodes, and the device comprises:

the computing module is used for receiving the original wave beam sent by the first type of communication node and computing the channel quality information of the wave beam;

a second determining module, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information of the beam;

a sending module, configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node.

The technical scheme of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

in the beam forming method of the embodiment of the invention, the beam is selected through the cooperation of the first-class communication node and the second-class communication node, so that the beam feedback quantity is reduced, the accuracy of beam selection is improved, the performance of a wireless communication system is improved, and the coverage range of the system is increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a prior art H-plane sectored horn antenna;

FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a prior art E-plane sectored horn antenna;

FIG. 1c shows a schematic diagram of a prior art horn antenna;

FIG. 1d shows a schematic diagram of a prior art conical horn antenna;

FIG. 2a shows a schematic diagram of a single polarization linear array in a prior art array antenna system;

figure 2b shows a schematic diagram of a dual polarized linear array in a prior art array antenna system;

figure 2c shows a schematic view of a single-polarized planar array in a prior art array antenna system;

figure 2d shows a schematic view of a dual polarized planar array in a prior art array antenna system;

fig. 3a shows a schematic diagram of two-dimensional beamforming with different azimuth angles and the same pitch angle in the prior art;

fig. 3b shows a schematic diagram of two-dimensional beamforming with the same azimuth and different elevation angles in the prior art;

fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of three-dimensional beamforming in the prior art;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating steps of a beamforming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a beam forming method, a method and a device for determining a beam to be fed back, aiming at the problems that the determination of the beam for sending data is not accurate enough and has larger feedback quantity in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beamforming method applied to a system including at least one second type communication node, where the beamforming method includes:

step 10, transmitting an original beam;

step 20, receiving an initial beam index set determined by the second type communication node according to the original beam;

and step 30, determining a destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set.

In the embodiment of the invention, the target wave beam is selected through the cooperation of the first-class communication node and the second-class communication node, so that the accuracy of wave beam forming is improved; the second type of communication node is used for determining an initial beam index set according to the original beam and feeding back the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node; the first type of communication node determines the destination beam according to the initial beam index set. Furthermore, the initial beam index set and the target beam may be one, two or even multiple, and the number of beams may be determined according to the size of the information to be transmitted and the selection method, thereby increasing the coverage area of the system.

And the second type communication node is an application terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the second type of communication node is an application terminal, such as a data card, a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a bluetooth, and the like, but is not limited thereto, and all terminals capable of receiving data are applicable to the present invention.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step 10 include:

step 101, selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit an original beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the antenna array of the dual-polarized linear array is used for transmitting the original information, step 101 is executed to select a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit the original beam, so that the energy is concentrated in a useful direction, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is increased, and the coverage area of the system is increased.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of step 10 include:

and 102, selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if the planar array antenna is used for transmitting the original information, step 102 is executed to select a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or select a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam. The antenna units are weighted, so that data can be directionally transmitted according to the appointed direction, energy is concentrated in the useful direction, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is increased, and the performance of the wireless communication system is improved.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific step of step 30 includes:

step 301, sequentially selecting one index from the initial beam indexes as a first compared index, deleting the first compared index from the initial beam index set, and merging the first compared index into the destination beam index set if the first compared index satisfies one of the following conditions:

a1. the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is larger than a second threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

b1. the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is smaller than a third threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

c1. the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set, wherein the beam group is divided in advance;

step 302, determine the beam corresponding to the target beam index set as the target beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the steps 301 and 302 are implemented as follows:

let the received initial set of beam indices be S2, the destination set of beam indices be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. Step 301, selecting a beam in S2, and merging into the set S3 if it satisfies one of the following conditions: a 1: the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is greater than the second threshold value D1. Here, the distance refers to the chordal distance of two weight vectors; b 1: the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than a third threshold D2. Here, the correlation refers to the inner product of two weight vectors; c 1: the weight information corresponding to the beam is not in the same group as the weight corresponding to any beam in the S2 set, where the beam grouping is pre-assigned. Step 301 is repeated until the set S2 is empty. Step 302: and determining the number of elements of the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, and determining the beam corresponding to the index in S3 as the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Preferably, the beam grouping in step c1 refers to beams that are pre-assigned by the first communication node and the second communication node, and satisfy the conditions of vector orthogonality between groups and intra-group correlation, and the grouping standard can be performed according to the general standard in the communication technology. The second threshold D1 and the third threshold D2 may be determined as an average value determined by trial and error, or may be artificially set, and may be determined according to the accuracy of the transmitted data, and the like, and are not limited to a fixed value.

In order to better achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for determining an initial beam index set, which is applied to a system including at least one first-type communication node, where the method for determining the initial beam index set includes:

step 40, receiving a signal corresponding to the original beam sent by the first-class communication node, and calculating channel quality information;

and step 50, determining an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information, and feeding back the initial beam index set to the first type communication node.

In the embodiment of the invention, the target wave beam is selected through the cooperation of the first-class communication node and the second-class communication node, so that the accuracy of wave beam forming is improved; the second type of communication node is used for determining an initial beam index set and improving the accuracy of beam selection.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, the first type communication node is a wireless communication device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device, such as a macro base station, a micro base station, a repeater, a relay, a remote device, a wireless access point, and the like, but is not limited thereto, and all wireless communication devices capable of sending data are applicable to the present invention.

Further, in the above embodiments of the present invention, the channel quality information includes, but is not limited to, one of received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

In the embodiment of the invention, different channel quality information can be selected according to different requirements of the first-class communication node and the second-class communication node to determine the initial beam index set, and a plurality of better choices can be simultaneously combined.

Further, in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, the specific step of determining the initial beam index set according to the channel quality information in step 50 includes:

step 501, determining the maximum value of channel quality information in an original beam;

step 502, defining a beam index corresponding to an original beam as an original beam index set, sequentially selecting one index from the original beam indexes as a second compared index, deleting the second compared index from the original beam index set, and merging the second compared index into the original beam index set if one of the following conditions is satisfied:

a2. the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index is larger than a first threshold value;

b2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is larger than a third threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

c2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is smaller than a fourth threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

d2. and the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than a second threshold value, and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set, wherein the beam group is pre-divided.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific implementation of step 501 and step 502 is as follows:

let the set of beam indices corresponding to the original beam be S1, the initial set of beam indices be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. Step 502, selecting a beam in S1, deleting the beam from S1, and merging the beam into the set S2 if the beam satisfies one of the following conditions; a 2: the channel quality information of the beam is greater than a first threshold value TH 1; b2, the difference between the channel quality information of the beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than the second threshold value D1, and the distance between the corresponding weight information and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is greater than the third threshold value D2. Here, the distance refers to a chord distance of two pieces of weight information; b2: the difference between the channel quality information of the beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than a second threshold value D1, and the correlation between the corresponding weight information and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than a fourth threshold value D3. Here, the correlation refers to an inner product of two weight information; c 2: the difference between the channel quality information of the beam and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than a second threshold value D1, and the corresponding weight information is not in the same group as any beam in the S2 set, where the beam groups are pre-divided. Step 502 is repeatedly performed until the set S1 is empty. The indexes in S2 are M beam indexes in the initial beam indexes, and the number of elements in the S2 set is determined as the number M of beams to be fed back.

Preferably, the beam grouping in step d2 refers to beams that are pre-assigned by the first communication node and the second communication node, and satisfy the conditions of vector orthogonality between groups and intra-group correlation, and the grouping standard can be performed according to the general standard in the communication technology. The second threshold D1, the third threshold D2, and the fourth threshold D3 may be determined as an average value determined by trial and error, or may be artificially set, and may be determined according to the accuracy of the transmitted data, and the like, and are not limited to a fixed value.

In the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the first threshold value at least includes:

e. a pre-configured fixed value;

f. an average of channel quality information for all beams in the original beam;

g. and arranging the channel quality information of the original beams in a descending order, and sequentially taking the average value of the channel quality information of the original beams with the number larger than that of the beams corresponding to the initial beam index set.

The method for determining the first threshold value in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above three methods, and other methods capable of accurately determining the first threshold value are all applicable in the present invention.

Further, for better describing the method of the present invention, the following is exemplified:

specific example 1:

in this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is assumed to be a mobile terminal. Configuration of N on a base station_beamA horn antenna, e.g. N_beamAnd may be a positive integer of 12, 15, 18, 24, etc. Each horn antenna can send wave beams in different directions, and at the same time, the base station can select 1 or more horn antennas to send data for the same terminal, wherein the number sent by the horn antennasThus, directional, is a beam. The base station and the terminal complete the selection of the horn antenna for transmitting data, namely beam selection.

(1) Base station in N_beamAnd in each time slot, one horn antenna is sequentially selected to send signals, and each time is bound with one horn antenna index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_beamThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein, the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_Beam。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum M CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index transmitted from the terminal and selects a beam from among them to be finally used for transmitting data by the following method.

Let the initial set of all received beam indices be S2, the final set of destination beam indices used to transmit data be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is accomplished by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) at S2, a beam index with the largest channel quality information CQIi is selected, deleted from S2, and merged into the set S3.

(4.2) selecting a beam in S2 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3 and removing it from S2. The beam grouping here refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, each group of beams is three physically adjacent horn antennas, for example, the first group is { N }_Beam1,2, group i is { i-1, i, i +1}, where the numbers in parentheses are the beam indices, which correspond to the physically arranged horn antennas.

(4.3) repeating step (4.2) until the set S2 is empty.

And (4.4) determining the number of elements of the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S3 are the beams finally used for transmitting data.

And (4) the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process through the steps (1) to (4), and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process may be performed periodically at a certain period. Or by the terminal triggering the base station when necessary. Or the base station may trigger according to the current channel quality information.

Here, the time slot is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system or an OFDMA symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing multiple Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, a received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio, or the like. This will not be repeated here.

In another embodiment, the selection of M initial beams in step (3) may be performed as follows:

let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to transmit data be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is done by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) at S1, a beam index is selected, deleted from S1, and merged into the set S2.

(3.2) selecting a beam in S1 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2 and removing it from S1. The beam grouping here refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, each group of beams is three physically adjacent horn antennas, for example, the first group is { N }_Beam1,2, group i is { i-1, i, i +1}, where the numbers in parentheses are the beam indices,which corresponds to the physically arranged horn antenna.

(3.3) repeating step (3.2) until the set S1 is empty.

And (3.4) determining the number of elements in the S2 set to be the number M of initial beams, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S2 are the initial M beams.

In this case, step (4) may directly determine the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Specific example 2:

in this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is assumed to be a mobile terminal. Each sector of the base station is configured with Nt linear arrays of antennas, each antenna has the same polarization direction, such as a positive 45 ° polarized antenna or a negative 45 ° polarized antenna or a horizontal polarized antenna or a vertical polarized antenna, and the antennas are arranged as shown in fig. 2 a. The Nt antennas can pass through N_BeamA weight vector virtualizes it into N_BeamBeams of different directions. Wherein, its weight vector is W_i,W_iIs N_tX 1 is a column vector with norm 1, i 1, …, N_Beam. A simple example is that it is a DFT vector, i.e. a vector of DFTsθ_iI.e. the pointing direction of the beam. The base station and the terminal complete beam selection for transmitting data through the following steps.

(1) Base station in N_BeamIn each time slot, a beam weight vector is sequentially selected to carry out weighting on the antenna to form a beam forming sending signal, and each moment is bound with a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_BeamThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein, the channel quality corresponding to the ith time slotThe information is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_Beam。

(3) The terminal feeds back the maximum M corresponding beam indexes to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index transmitted from the terminal and selects a beam from among them to be finally used for transmitting data by the following method.

Let the initial set of all received beam indices be S2, the final set of destination beam indices used to transmit data be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is accomplished by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) selecting a channel quality information CQI in S2_iThe largest beam index, and remove it from S2, merge it into set S3.

(4.2) selecting a beam in S2 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3 and removing it from S2. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chordal distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) repeating step (4.2) until the set S2 is empty.

And (4.4) determining the number of elements of the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, wherein the beam corresponding to the index in the S3 is the final destination beam for transmitting data.

And (4) the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process through the steps (1) to (4), and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process may be performed periodically at a certain period. Or by the terminal triggering the base station when necessary. Or the base station may trigger according to the current channel quality information.

Here, the time slot is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system or an OFDMA symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing multiple Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, a received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio, or the like.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: one beam in S2 is selected and deleted from S2, and the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in S2 set is greater than D1. Here, the distance means a chordal distance of two weight informationWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: and selecting a beam in the S2, and deleting the beam from the S2, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation refers to an inner product of two weight information; where superscript denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, the selection of the M feedback beams in step (3) may be performed as follows:

let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to transmit data be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is done by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) the beam index with the largest channel quality information is selected in S1, deleted from S1, and merged into the set S2.

(3.2) selecting and deleting from S1 a beam in S1 having channel quality information greater than TH1 or a beam having channel quality information differing from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2. The beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) repeating step (3.2) until the set S1 is empty.

And (3.4) determining the number of elements in the S2 set as the number M of beams to be transmitted, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S2 are the initial M beams.

In this case, step (4) may directly determine the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with the channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or the beam with the channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is larger than D1. Here, the distance refers to the chordal distance of two weight vectorsWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or a beam with channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight vectors is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific example 3:

in this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is assumed to be a mobile terminal. Each sector of the base station is provided with Nt linear dual-polarized arrays of antennas, each of which may be a positive 45 ° polarized antenna or a negative 45 ° polarized antenna or a horizontal polarized antenna or a vertical polarized antenna, and the antennas are arranged as shown in fig. 2 b. The Nt antennas can pass through N_BeamA weight vector virtualizes it into N_BeamBeams of different directions. Wherein the weight vector is W_i,W_iIs N_tX 1 is a column vector with norm 1, i 1, …, N_Beam. A simple example is an antenna sub-array in the same polarization direction, which is a DFT vector, i.e. a vectorθ_iThat is, the direction of the beam of the antenna sub-array in the polarization direction, the weight vector of the whole antenna array can be expressed asThe base station and the terminal complete beam selection for transmitting data through the following steps.

(1) Base station in N_BeamIn each time slot, the weight vector of a sub-array is sequentially selected to weight the antenna in the same polarization direction to form a beam transmitting signal, and each time and one time are transmittedAnd (5) index binding.

The time slot of the transmitting beam can be reduced by times by selecting the weight of the subarray to transmit data.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_BeamThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein,the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_Beam。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum M CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index transmitted from the terminal and selects a beam from among them to be finally used for transmitting data by the following method.

Let the initial set of all received beam indices be S2, the final set of destination beam indices used to transmit data be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is accomplished by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) at S2, a beam index is selected, deleted from S2, and merged into the set S3.

(4.2) selecting a beam in S2 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3 and removing it from S2. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chordal distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) repeating step (4.2) until the set S2 is empty.

(4.4) determining the number of elements in the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, determining the beam corresponding to the index in S3 as the selected final selected beam, forming the weight of the whole antenna array by using the weight corresponding to the beam, and transmitting the beam of data by using the weight of the whole array.

The weight of the entire array is generated by using the weight of the sub-array,

and (4) the base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process through the steps (1) to (4), and the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process may be performed periodically at a certain period. Or by the terminal triggering the base station when necessary. Or the base station may trigger according to the current channel quality information.

Here, the time slot is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system or an OFDMA symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing multiple Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, a received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio, or the like.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: one beam in S2 is selected and deleted from S2, and the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in S2 set is greater than D1. Here, the distance refers to the chordal distance of two weight vectorsWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) is replaced by the following method: and selecting a beam in the S2, and deleting the beam from the S2, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight vectors is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, the selection of the M feedback beams in step (3) may be performed as follows:

let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to transmit data be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is done by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) the beam index with the largest channel quality information is selected in S1, deleted from S1, and merged into the set S2.

(3.2) selecting and deleting from S1 a beam in S1 having channel quality information greater than TH1 or a beam having channel quality information differing from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2. The beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) repeating step (3.2) until the set S1 is empty.

And (3.4) determining the number of elements in the S2 set as the number M of beams to be transmitted, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S2 are the initial M beams.

In this case, step (4) may directly determine the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with the channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or the beam with the channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is larger than D1. Here, the distance refers to the chordal distance of two weight vectorsWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) may be replaced by:

selecting one of S1And deleting the beams with the channel quality information larger than TH1 or the beams with the channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3 from S1, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beams and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight information is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific example 4:

in this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is assumed to be a mobile terminal. Each sector of the base station is provided with Nt planar arrays of antennas, each having the same polarization direction, such as positive 45 ° polarized antennas or negative 45 ° polarized antennas or horizontal polarized antennas or vertical polarized antennas, the antennas are arranged as shown in fig. 2c, and the antennas are arranged in N₁Line M₁And (4) columns. The Nt antennas can pass through N_BeamA weight vector virtualizes it into N_BeamBeams of different directions. Wherein, its weight vector is W_i,W_iIs N_tX 1 is a column vector with norm 1, i 1, …, N_Beam. A simple example is that the weights for each column of antennas are DFT vectors, i.e.φ_lI.e. the direction of the train of beams, 1, …, N_v. The weights for the antennas in each row are DFT vectors, i.e.θ_mI.e. the pointing direction of the beam of the traveling beam, m is 1, …, N_h. The base station column forms the final weight value by using the weight values corresponding to the beams in the two directionsOrHere, W^hWeight of the same row of antennas, W^hThe weights of the antennas in the same row are used,representing the kronecker product. The base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process through two stages.

In the first stage, the beam selection for the same column of antennas is completed by the following steps.

(1) Base station in N_vIn each time slot, a wave beam weight value W is selected in turn_l ^vAnd the vector weights the antennas in the same 1 column to form a beam forming sending signal, and each moment is bound with a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_vThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein, the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_v。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal and determines the beam forming weight of the column as。

And in the second stage, the selection of the antenna beams in the same row is completed through the following steps:

(1) base station in N_hWithin each time slot, one beam weight value is selected in turnAnd the vector weights the antennas in the same row 1 to form a beam forming sending signal, and each moment is bound with a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_hThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein, the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_h。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum M CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index transmitted by the terminal and determines the beam index of the antenna of the row as follows.

Let the initial set of all received beam indices be S2, the final set of destination beam indices used to transmit data be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is accomplished by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) at S2, a beam index is selected, deleted from S2, and merged into the set S3.

(4.2) selecting a beam in S2 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3 and removing it from S2. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chordal distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) repeating step (4.2) until the set S2 is empty.

And (4.4) determining the number of elements of the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S3 are the beams finally used for transmitting data.

The base station and the terminal complete the selection process of the wave beam in the second stage through the steps (1) - (4), and the weight corresponding to the selected wave beam is assumed to beWave determined by base station through first stageWeight valueAnd the weight determined in the second stage forms the final weight. Wherein this process may be <math><mrow> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>W</mi> <mi>opt</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&CircleTimes;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>w</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow></math> Or <math><mrow> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>W</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mi>h</mi> </msubsup> <mo>&CircleTimes;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>w</mi> <mi>opt</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow></math> Here, ,representing the kronecker product. And the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process may be performed periodically at a certain period. Or by the terminal triggering the base station when necessary. Or the base station may trigger according to the current channel quality information.

Here, the time slot is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system or an OFDMA symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing multiple Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, a received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio, or the like.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) of the second stage is replaced by the following method: one beam in S2 is selected and deleted from S2, and the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in S2 set is greater than D1. Here, the distance means a chordal distance of two weight informationWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) of the second stage is replaced by the following method: and selecting a beam in the S2, and deleting the beam from the S2, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight vectors is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, the selection of M feedback beams in step (3) of the second stage may be performed as follows:

let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to transmit data be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is done by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) the beam index with the largest channel quality information is selected in S1, deleted from S1, and merged into the set S2.

(3.2) selecting and deleting from S1 a beam in S1 having channel quality information greater than TH1 or a beam having channel quality information differing from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2. The beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) repeating step (3.2) until the set S1 is empty.

(3.4) determining the number of elements in the S2 set to be the number M of beams to be sent, and determining the beam corresponding to the index in S2 to be the index corresponding to the M beams to be fed back.

In this case, step (4) of the second stage may directly determine the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) of the second stage may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with the channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or the beam with the channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is larger than D1. Here, the distance means a chordal distance of two weight informationWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) of the second stage may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or a beam with channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight vectors is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; wherein the superscript H representsThe conjugate transpose of the vector.

Specific example 5:

in this embodiment, the first type of communication node is assumed to be a base station, and the second type of communication node is assumed to be a mobile terminal. Each sector of the base station is provided with Nt planar arrays of antennas each having a polarization direction, e.g. positive 45 ° or negative 45 ° polarized antennas or horizontally or vertically polarized antennas, arranged as shown in fig. 2d, which are arranged in N₁Line M₁And (4) columns. The Nt antennas can pass through N_BeamA weight vector virtualizes it into N_BeamBeams of different directions. Wherein, its weight vector is W_i，W_iIs N_tX 1 is a column vector with norm 1, i 1, …, N_Beam. A simple example is that the weights for each column of antennas are DFT vectors, i.e.φ_lI.e. the direction of the train of beams, 1, …, N_v. The weights of the antennas in the same polarization direction in each row are DFT vectors, i.e.φ_lI.e. the pointing direction of the beam of the traveling beam, l 1, …, N_vThe weight vector of all antennas in the row can be expressed asThe base station column forms the final weight value by using the weight values corresponding to the beams in the two directionsOrHere, W^vWeight of the same row of antennas, W^hThe weights of the antennas in the same row are used,representing the kronecker product. The base station and the terminal complete the beam selection process through two stages.

In the first stage, the beam selection for the same column of antennas is completed by the following steps.

(1) Base station in N_vIn each time slot, a wave beam weight value W is selected in turn_l ^vAnd the vector weights the antennas in the same 1 column to form a beam forming sending signal, and each moment is bound with a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_vThe signal transmitted by the base station is received in each time slot, and the channel quality information, such as the received power, of the corresponding received signal is calculated. Wherein, the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_v。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index sent by the terminal and determines the beam forming weight of the column as。

And in the second stage, the selection of the antenna beams in the same row is completed through the following steps:

(1) base station in N_hWithin each time slot, one beam weight value is selected in turnAnd the vector weights the antennas in the same polarization direction in the same row 1 to form a beam forming sending signal, and each moment is bound with a weight vector index.

(2) The terminal is selected at N_hReceiving signals transmitted by a base station in a time slot and calculating the channel of the corresponding received signalQuality information, such as received power. Wherein, the channel quality information corresponding to the ith time slot is CQI_i，i＝1,…,N_h。

(3) Terminal feedback maximum M CQI_iFeeding back the corresponding beam index to the base station

(4) The base station receives the index transmitted by the terminal and determines the beam index of the antenna of the row as follows.

Let the initial set of all received beam indices be S2, the final set of destination beam indices used to transmit data be S3, and S3 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is accomplished by the following steps (4.1) to (4.4).

(4.1) at S2, a beam index is selected, deleted from S2, and merged into the set S3.

(4.2) selecting a beam in S2 that is not in the same group as any of the beams in S3 and removing it from S2. The beam grouping here means that the base station and the terminal are pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chordal distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between groups are orthogonal.

(4.3) repeating step (4.2) until the set S2 is empty.

And (4.4) determining the number of elements of the S3 set as the final number of beams for transmitting data, wherein the beams corresponding to the indexes in the S3 are the beams finally used for transmitting data.

The base station and the terminal complete the selection process of the wave beam in the second stage through the steps (1) - (4), and the weight corresponding to the selected wave beam is assumed to beThe beamforming weights of the row of antennas can be extended toThe base station determines the beam weight value through the first stageAnd the weight determined in the second stage forms the final weight. Wherein this process may beOrHere, ,representing the kronecker product. And the base station transmits data to the terminal according to the finally determined beam. This process may be performed periodically at a certain period. Or by the terminal triggering the base station when necessary. Or the base station may trigger according to the current channel quality information.

Here, the time slot is an OFDM symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system or an OFDMA symbol in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing multiple Access (OFDMA).

In another embodiment, the channel quality information in step (2) may also be a received signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, a received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio, or the like.

In a further embodiment, step (4.2) of the second stage is replaced by the following method: one beam in S2 is selected and deleted from S2, and the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in S2 set is greater than D1. Here, the distance refers to the chordal distance of two weight vectorsWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In a further embodiment, the step of the second stage(4.2) the following method was used instead: and selecting a beam in the S2, and deleting the beam from the S2, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight vectors is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In another embodiment, the selection of M feedback beams in step (3) of the second stage may be performed as follows:

let all the original beam index sets be S1, the initial beam index set used to transmit data be S2, and S2 be initialized as an empty set. The final determination of the beam is done by the following steps (3.1) to (3.4).

(3.1) the beam index with the largest channel quality information is selected in S1, deleted from S1, and merged into the set S2.

(3.2) selecting and deleting from S1 a beam in S1 having channel quality information greater than TH1 or a beam having channel quality information differing from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, which is not in the same group as any of the beams in S2. The beam grouping refers to the base station and the terminal being pre-assigned, for example, the weight information in each group of beams is correlated and the chord distance is as large as possible, and the weight vectors between the groups are orthogonal.

(3.3) repeating step (3.2) until the set S1 is empty.

(3.4) determining the number of elements in the S2 set to be the number M of beams to be sent, and determining the beam corresponding to the index in S2 to be the index corresponding to the M beams to be fed back.

In this case, step (4) of the second stage may directly determine the final destination beam for transmitting data.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) of the second stage may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with the channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or the beam with the channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the distance between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is larger than D1. Here, the distance means a chordal distance of two weight informationWhere the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

Of course, in further embodiments, step (3.2) of the second stage may be replaced by:

and selecting a beam with channel quality information larger than TH1 in S1 or a beam with channel quality information different from the maximum channel quality information by less than D3, and deleting the beam from S1, wherein the correlation between the weight information corresponding to the beam and the weight information of any beam in the S2 set is less than D2. Here, the correlation means that the inner product r of two weight information is | W_i ^HW_jL, |; where the superscript H denotes the conjugate transpose of the vector.

In order to better achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing beamforming, where the apparatus is applied to a first type communication node, and the apparatus includes:

a sending module 01, configured to send an original beam;

a receiving module 02, configured to receive an initial beam index set determined by a second communication node;

a first determining module 03, configured to determine a destination beam according to the initial beam index set.

In order to better achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing beamforming, where the apparatus is applied to a second type of communication node, and the apparatus includes:

a calculating module 04, configured to receive an original beam sent by the first type of communication node, and calculate channel quality information of the beam;

a second determining module 05, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information of the beam;

a sending module 06, configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type communication node.

In the embodiment of the invention, the beams are selected through the cooperation of the first-class communication nodes and the second-class communication nodes, so that the beam feedback quantity is reduced, the accuracy of beam selection is improved, the performance of a wireless communication system is improved, and the coverage of the system is increased. All the embodiments of the beam forming method and the method for determining the initial beam index set and the beneficial effects thereof are applicable to the system for realizing beam forming.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A beamforming method applied to a system including at least one second type communication node, wherein the beamforming method comprises:

transmitting an original beam;

receiving an initial beam index set determined by the second type of communication node according to the original beam;

and determining a destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set.

2. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the second type of communication node is an application terminal.

3. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the original beam specifically includes:

and selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction to transmit the original beam.

4. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the original beam specifically includes:

and selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same row to transmit the original beam or selecting a group of antennas with the same polarization direction arranged in the same column to transmit the original beam.

5. The beamforming method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the destination beam for transmitting data according to the initial beam index set specifically comprises:

sequentially selecting one index from the initial beam indexes as a first compared index, deleting the first compared index from the initial beam index set, and merging the first compared index into the destination beam index set if the first compared index meets one of the following conditions:

a1. the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is larger than a second threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

b1. the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set is smaller than a third threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

c1. the weight information of the beam corresponding to the first compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any initial beam index set, wherein the beam group is divided in advance;

and determining the beam corresponding to the target beam index set as a target beam.

6. A method for determining an initial beam index set, which is applied to a system including at least one communication node of a first type, the method for determining the initial beam index set comprising:

receiving signals corresponding to original beams sent by the first-class communication nodes, and calculating channel quality information;

and determining an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information, and feeding back the initial beam index set to the first type communication node.

7. The method of determining an initial set of beam indices of claim 6 wherein the first type of communication node is a wireless communication device.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the channel quality information comprises but is not limited to one of received power, received signal-to-noise ratio, received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and received carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step of determining the initial beam index set according to the channel quality information specifically comprises:

determining the maximum value of channel quality information in the original beam;

defining a beam index corresponding to an original beam as an original beam index set, sequentially selecting one index from the original beam indexes as a second compared index, deleting the second compared index from the original beam index set, and combining the second compared index into the original beam index set if one of the following conditions is met:

a2. the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index is larger than a first threshold value;

b2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the distance between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is larger than a third threshold value, wherein the distance refers to the chord distance between the two weight information;

c2. the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is smaller than a second threshold value, and the correlation between the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set is smaller than a fourth threshold value, wherein the correlation refers to the inner product of the two weight information;

d2. and the difference between the channel quality information of the beam corresponding to the second compared index and the maximum value of the channel quality information is less than a second threshold value, and the weight information of the beam corresponding to the compared index is not in the same group with the weight information of the beam corresponding to the index in any other original beam index set, wherein the beam group is pre-divided.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the determining of the first threshold value at least comprises:

e. a pre-configured fixed value;

f. an average of channel quality information for all beams in the original beam;

g. and arranging the channel quality information of the original beams in a descending order, and sequentially taking the average value of the channel quality information of the original beams with the number larger than that of the beams corresponding to the initial beam index set.

11. An apparatus for implementing beamforming, applied to a first type of communication node, the apparatus comprising:

a transmitting module, configured to transmit an original beam;

a receiving module, configured to receive an initial beam index set determined by a second communication node;

a first determining module, configured to determine a destination beam according to the initial beam index set.

12. An apparatus for implementing beamforming, applied to a second type of communication node, the apparatus comprising:

the computing module is used for receiving the original wave beam sent by the first type of communication node and computing the channel quality information of the wave beam;

a second determining module, configured to determine an initial beam index set according to the channel quality information of the beam;

a sending module, configured to send the initial beam index set to the first type of communication node.