WO2014183613A1 - 具有防爆缓冲功能的装甲车窗体紧固结构及其紧固方法 - Google Patents

具有防爆缓冲功能的装甲车窗体紧固结构及其紧固方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014183613A1
WO2014183613A1 PCT/CN2014/077242 CN2014077242W WO2014183613A1 WO 2014183613 A1 WO2014183613 A1 WO 2014183613A1 CN 2014077242 W CN2014077242 W CN 2014077242W WO 2014183613 A1 WO2014183613 A1 WO 2014183613A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fastening
transparent window
force arm
frame
armored vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/077242
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢晓斌
李震
谢隽永
Original Assignee
一禾科技发展（上海）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 一禾科技发展（上海）有限公司 filed Critical 一禾科技发展（上海）有限公司
Publication of WO2014183613A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014183613A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6621—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together with special provisions for fitting in window frames or to adjacent units; Separate edge protecting strips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • F41H5/263—Mounting of transparent armoured panels, e.g. bulletproof windows on vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/58—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of borders, cleats, or the like
    • E06B3/5807—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of borders, cleats, or the like not adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66

Definitions

  • Armored vehicle form fastening structure with explosion-proof cushioning function and fastening method thereof
  • the invention relates to various armored vehicles in the field of national defense construction, in particular to a fastening structure of a transparent form of an armored vehicle with an explosion-proof cushioning function and a fastening method thereof.
  • Armored vehicles are generally referred to as armored military or police vehicles.
  • armored military or police vehicles In order to adapt to the characteristics of modern warfare, as well as to combat terrorist activities and maintain public security, the development of various military, police and civilian armored vehicles has made great progress in recent years, such as armored personnel carriers and armored riot vehicles. Armored trains and so on.
  • the characteristics of armored vehicles are high-level off-road maneuverability, with certain protection and firepower. Therefore, the windshield of the vehicle and the side window glass must also have corresponding protection capabilities.
  • the current armored vehicle form mounting structure mostly incorporates a bullet-proof glass or a riot-proof glass into a frame structure similar to a U-shaped groove, with a sealant around, and some methods for the metal rib on one side of the form. Blue fastening.
  • Such an installation form is not integrated with the armored vehicle, and the form is basically in a free state. Once subjected to an explosion of the outside of the vehicle or an impact load of the bullet, the form is not broken into small particles like tempered glass, but is partially localized.
  • the RET hold value of the form (glass weight after explosion shock / glass weight before explosion shock), although larger than ordinary glass, is always less than 1 and cannot be equal to 1.
  • the area of the window is usually reduced during the design, or the width of the ribs on both sides of the window is increased.
  • the result is that the visual field of the driver and the like are synchronously reduced. Small, it brings inconvenience to the driving of the vehicle and the observation of the insiders.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an armored vehicle window mounting structure.
  • the transparent window of the present invention can be selected from bulletproof glass, explosion-proof glass or riot glass according to requirements, without any limitation.
  • the fastening system of the present invention is a dynamically generated fastening system having a stable pre-stressed structure.
  • Prestressing force is generally referred to as the tensile stress in the process of material formation or other object formation, and the compressive stress introduced by the corresponding technology and process, and the pre-induced compressive stress constitutes the material. Or the prestressed structure of the object.
  • Techniques and processes for introducing compressive stress into a material or article to form a stable prestressed structure are generally referred to collectively as prestressing techniques.
  • a material or article having a pre-stressed structure is generally referred to as a pre-stressed material or a pre-stressed article.
  • the prestressed structure of a material or article can improve the performance of the material or article.
  • the use of materials or articles generally refers to an increase in their own rigidity, an increase in their own anti-vibration properties, and an increase in their own elastic strength, thereby increasing the durability of the material or article and its safety during use.
  • the prestressing technology has been used in ancient times, and it is a process in which the ancient Chinese used to improve the performance of living utensils and to reinforce the compensation of labor tools.
  • Such as barrel ferrules introduction of pre-stress
  • barrel ferrules introduction of pre-stress
  • prestressed structures have been greatly used in construction and other fields, and prestressed materials have also broken through the constraints of high-strength steels, and gradually become high in strength and light in weight.
  • the process of introducing compressive stress into a material or object under the action of external force is generally referred to as the process of generating pre-stress in the material or object.
  • any elastic material, under the action of external force can generate built-in pre-stress, and the external force acts as a process of pre-stressing of the elastic material.
  • the dynamic process generated by the pre-stressing of the elastic material is controlled by the foreign object to form a built-in pre-stressed stable structure of the material or object.
  • the invention uses an elastic fastening component to introduce a compressive stress by generating an external force by pressing the component, and uses a transparent window to control the dynamic process of the introduction of the compressive stress, and finally forms a stable prestressed structure in which the elastic material and the transparent window are integrated, thereby Finish and achieve the fastening effect of the transparent form. Due to the stable and pre-stressed structure of the elastic material and the transparent window, the overall physical properties are greatly enhanced, so that the firmness, stability, safety and convenience of the transparent form fastening installation are greatly enhanced.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the current armored vehicle window mounting structure technology, and provide a method for exciting and controlling the dynamic generation process of the elastic material pre-stress, forming a stable prestressed structure integrally formed of the elastic material and the transparent window, thereby completing and Achieve the fastening effect of the transparent form.
  • an armored vehicle window mounting structure comprising a mounting frame and a transparent window fixed to the main body of the armored vehicle through the mounting frame; the mounting frame is formed with a first mounting slot The side of the transparent window is inserted into the first mounting slot; the side of the transparent window is coupled with a frame body, and the frame body and the first mounting slot are formed with each other.
  • the frame body includes a pressing component and a fastening component, and the fastening component generates a pre-stress by the cooperation of the pressing component and the transparent window to fasten the transparent window.
  • the fastening assembly includes two arcuate arms symmetrically clamped on opposite sides of the transparent window, and the two arcuate arms are interposed to form an enclosure space, and the arcuate arms include the first a force arm and a second force arm connecting the first force arm, a joint of the first force arm and the second force arm forming a slip end, the first force arm being away from the second One side of the force arm forms a compression end, the second force arm forms a fastening end on a side away from the first force arm, and the pressure end of the first force arm receives the compression of the compression component and The first force arm and the second force arm generate pre-stress with the transparent window.
  • the compression assembly includes a first pressure strip and a second pressure strip; the two sliding ends of the arcuate arm abut against the surface of the first pressure strip; The pressing end abuts against the outer side surface of the second pressure strip, and the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm rest against the two sides of the transparent window;
  • the first pressure bar and the second pressure bar are fastened by bolts, and the second pressure bar presses the two pressure receiving ends of the arcuate arms to be displaced toward the first pressure bar, and the two of the arcuate arms
  • the sliding end is displaced from each other at a surface of the first pressure strip, and the two fastening ends of the arcuate arm are constrained by the transparent window, thereby driving the first force arm and the second
  • the force arm generates a pre-stressed fastening of the transparent window.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the transparent window is positionally adjusted in a first direction and a second direction by the enclosure space.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the mounting frame forms the first pressure strip, and the first pressure strip and the second pressure strip are fastened by bolts to form the mounting structure to install the transparent window In the first installation slot.
  • the first pressure bar and the mounting frame form a matching portion; the at least one elastic buffer member is disposed between the frame and the mounting frame.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the bottom of the frame is provided with a sliding buffer device.
  • the mounting frame includes a frame and a cover plate fixed to the frame, and the frame and the cover plate cooperate to form the first mounting groove.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the side of the transparent window is recessed to form a second mounting groove and incorporates a T-shaped member;
  • the ⁇ -shaped member includes a back plate and a ridge formed on the back plate, a ridge is embedded in the second mounting groove, the back plate abuts against the second pressure strip, and the first pressure bar, the second pressure bar and the ⁇ -shaped piece are fastened through a bolt
  • the back plate and the ribs drive the first force arm and the second force arm of the fastening component to generate a pre-stress to fasten the transparent window.
  • a spacer is disposed between the transparent window and the back plate.
  • the sliding end of the arcuate arm has a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • a further improvement of the invention is that the thickness of the second force arm forms a thick to thin gradient from the slip end to the fastening end.
  • the compressed end of the arcuate arm of the fastening component extends downward to form a rotational positioning rib, and the second pressure strip is formed with a rotational positioning corresponding to the rotational positioning edge of the fastening component. groove.
  • the pre-stress is generated by pressing the fastening component together with the cooperation of the pressing component and the transparent window, and the transparent window becomes a main control component for generating the pre-stress, and the fastening component is selected
  • the elastic material under the action of external force, forms a stable pre-stress inside the material and stores it, and together with the transparent window and the pressing component constitutes a fastening system with stable pre-stress and pre-stress characteristics, the beneficial effects including but not limited to :
  • the transparent frame of the present invention is combined with a pre-stressed rigid frame body, and is fixed to the mounting frame by the frame body, thereby preventing the transparent window from being deformed by external force impact and then escaping from the mounting frame, thereby making the invention Armored vehicle transparent
  • the security of the form installation structure is greatly improved.
  • the cushioning effect of its sensitivity is also quite obvious.
  • a transparent window or other component is suddenly affected by the ambient temperature, an uneven internal stress is generated due to poor thermal shock resistance of the material itself; during the installation and during use, it may be caused by an external force impact.
  • the internal stress is unevenly distributed.
  • the entire prestressed system can adjust the corresponding prestressing amount by the deformation of the elastic material, thereby buffering the unbalanced internal stress that may occur, so as to be transparent to the transparent form and even the entire armored vehicle. The protection of the form installation structure.
  • the prestressed structure is wrapped, and the transportation and installation process does not cause damage to the section, and the glass is always subjected to plane force, not to section stress, and does not generate destructive internal stress, glass Its own security performance is guaranteed.
  • the pre-stressed edging can also provide an outward pulling force to the frame to resist the deformation caused by the impact, and effectively slow down the time and extent of the deformation, and provide the maximum amount of personnel for the vehicle. Protection.
  • the present invention does not cause irregular pressing and surface deformation due to fastening to the transparent window during the entire pre-stress fastening implementation, and avoids errors due to the components and errors of the transparent window itself.
  • the resulting flat form has both flatness and self-balanced internal stress damage, which greatly enhances the safety and resistance of the entire armored vehicle's transparent window mounting structure.
  • the elastic cushioning member and the sliding buffer device of the present invention provide a very effective buffering effect for the first time after the transparent window is impacted by an explosion or the like, which can obviously slow down and reduce the crushing of the window after being impacted. Time and probability, significantly improve the safety protection of the transparent form structure of the entire armored vehicle.
  • the prestressed fastening process of the present invention is to pre-stress the fastening component by tightening the relevant bolts.
  • the selection of the raw materials of each component and the geometric design are adopted in the previous design module. After the workers can tighten the relevant bolts in place, the preset tightening force can be obtained without being affected by uncertain factors such as the operating force, which greatly reduces the operating conditions and technical requirements.
  • the edge of some armored vehicles has a circular arc.
  • the second force arm of the fastening component is split into a plurality of jaws, so that the fastening end of the fastening component can be more closely attached to the arc surface of the armored vehicle window, so that the fastening component does not damage the armored window Under the premise of the internal stress of the body, the armored vehicle form is tightened more firmly and stably.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the overall structure of an armored vehicle of the armored vehicle form fastening structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between a transparent window and a mounting frame of a buffered armored vehicle window mounting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a connection structure between a transparent window and a mounting frame of a buffered armored vehicle window mounting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connection structure between a transparent window and a frame of a buffered armored vehicle window mounting structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a plan view showing the connection structure of the transparent window and the frame of the buffered armored vehicle window mounting structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 9 is a plan view showing the fastening assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a first pressure bar according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of a second pressure strip of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the principle of the fastening process of the frame body and the transparent window in the armored vehicle window mounting structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of the pulley assembly of the present invention
  • 14-15 is a schematic structural view of the system when the transparent window of the present invention is impacted;
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of the transparent window and the mounting frame of the armored vehicle window mounting structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view showing the connection structure between the transparent window and the mounting frame of the armored vehicle window mounting structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is an exploded view of Figure 17;
  • 19-21 are cross-sectional views of a frame body according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of the fastening assembly of the armored vehicle window fastening structure of the present invention. detailed description
  • a mounting frame 1 and a transparent window 2 fixed to the armored vehicle body 5 through the mounting frame 1 are included (
  • the explosion-proof glass or the bulletproof glass may be selected, and is not limited thereto;
  • the mounting frame 1 is formed with the first mounting groove 10, and the side of the transparent window 2 is inserted into the first mounting groove 10; and the side of the transparent window 2
  • the frame 3 is combined with the first mounting groove 10 to form an interfitting mounting structure.
  • the frame 3 includes a pressing component 31 and a fastening component 32 through the pressing component 31 and the transparent form.
  • the mating compression fastening assembly 32 of 2 generates a pre-stress to secure the transparent window 2.
  • the frame 3 and the mounting frame 1 form a matching portion 3111, 111; and at least one elastic buffer member 35 is disposed between the frame 3 and the mounting frame 1.
  • the bottom of the frame body 3 is provided with a sliding buffer device.
  • the sliding buffer device is provided with a pulley assembly 33; and the transparent window 2 to which the frame body 3 is mounted is placed on the lower frame 11 through the pulley assembly 33.
  • the limiting portions 3111, 111, the sliding cushioning device, and the elastic cushioning member 35 collectively form a mounting structure.
  • the pulley assembly 33 includes a pulley seat 331 and a pulley 332 disposed in the pulley seat 331; wherein the pulley seat 331 is fastened to the bottom of the first pressure bar 311 by bolts.
  • the fastening component 32 includes two arcuate arms 321 symmetrically clamped on both sides of the transparent window 2, and the material thereof should be selected from materials having considerable strength and elasticity and toughness, such as metal.
  • the arcuate arm 321 includes a first force arm 3211 and a second force arm 3212 connecting the first force arm 3211.
  • the joint of the force arm 3211 and the second force arm 3212 forms a sliding end 3213, and the sliding end 3213 has a circular arc surface or a sloped surface to ensure less resistance during the sliding process; the first force arm 3211 is far away
  • One end of the second force arm 3212 forms a compression end 3214, and the pressure receiving end 3214 extends downward to form a rotation positioning edge 3217.
  • the second force arm 3212 forms a fastening end 3215 on a side away from the first force arm 3211.
  • the fastening end 3215 is combined
  • the pressure plate 3216, and the connection area of the pressure plate 3216 and the second force arm 3212 are recessed inwardly to form a pressure plate position adjustment area 3218.
  • the pressure plate position adjustment area 3218 can realize the slight self position adjustment of the pressure plate 3216 during the fastening process, so that The transparent window 2 is attached to the flat portion 2, and the pressed end 3214 of the first force arm 3211 is pressed by the pressing assembly 31 and cooperates with the transparent window 2 to drive the first force arm 3211 and the second force arm 3212 to generate prestress.
  • the first force arm 3211 is a short straight arm
  • the second force arm 3212 is an arcuate arm
  • the thickness of the second force arm 3212 forms a thickness from the sliding end 3213 to the fastening end 3215. With a thin gradient, this structure ensures that the entire curved arm is fully and evenly deformed and is not easily broken.
  • a plurality of bolt holes are formed between the two pressure receiving ends 3214 of the fastening component 32.
  • An adhesive such as UV glue
  • a double-sided tape such as 3M glue
  • a cushion such as a rubber sheet
  • the direction of the extension of the transparent window 2 in FIG. 5 is taken as the X-axis direction
  • the thickness direction of the transparent window 2 is taken as the Y-axis direction
  • the height direction of the transparent window 2 is taken as the Z-axis direction
  • the X-axis is perpendicular to the Y-axis
  • the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis.
  • the mounting frame 1 includes a frame 11 and a cover 12 fixed to the frame 11, and the frame 11 and the cover 12 cooperate to form a first mounting groove 10.
  • the compression assembly 31 includes a first pressure strip 311 and a second pressure strip 312.
  • the first pressure strip 311 is folded to form a limiting portion 3111, and the first pressure strip 311 has a cross section of ","; the middle portion of the surface of the second pressure strip 312 is coupled with the rotating positioning edge 3217 along the X-axis direction to provide two lengthwise rotations.
  • the positioning groove 3121 has a radius equal to or slightly larger than the radius of the rotating positioning edge 3217, so that when the system is in the pre-fastening and fastening state, the rotating positioning edge 3217 can be effectively positioned in the rotating positioning groove 3121. With the rotation, the two sliding ends 3213 are displaced only in the Y-axis direction on the inner side surface of the fixed plate 1211.
  • the two sliding ends 3213 of the arcuate arm 321 abut against the surface of the first pressure bar 311; the two pressure receiving ends 3214 of the arcuate arm 321 abut against the surface of the second pressure bar 312, and the two fastening ends 3215 of the arcuate arm 321 abut Rely on the two sides of the transparent form 2.
  • the first pressure strip 311 and the second pressure strip 312 are fastened by bolts, and the second pressure strip 312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 3214 of the bow arm 321 to the first pressure strip 311, and the two sliding ends 3213 of the arcuate arm 321 are
  • the surfaces of the first pressure strip 311 are displaced away from each other, and the two fastening ends 3215 of the arcuate arms 321 are constrained by the transparent window 2, thereby driving the first force arm 3211 and the second force arm 3212 to generate a pre-stressed transparent window.
  • the transparent window 2 is adjusted in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction by the enclosed space 320.
  • the side of the transparent window 2 is recessed to form a second mounting groove 21 and is coupled with a T-shaped member 22;
  • the T-shaped member 22 includes a backing plate 221 and a rib 222 formed on the backing plate 221, and the protruding strip 222 is embedded and passed through the structure.
  • the glue 25 is fixed in the second mounting groove 21, the back plate 221 abuts against the second pressure strip 312, and the spacer 24 is disposed between the back plate 221 and the transparent window 2; the first pressure bar 311 and the fastening component 32 And the second pressure strip 312 forms a plurality of through holes, wherein the back plate 221 and the rib 222 form a plurality of screw holes that are engaged with the through hole; the first pressure bar 311 and the fastening component 32 are fastened through the bolt.
  • the second pressure strip 312 and the T-shaped member 22 thereby drive the first force arm 3211 and the second force arm 3212 of the fastening assembly 32 to generate a pre-stressed fastening transparent window 2.
  • the second pressure strip 312 presses the two pressure receiving ends 3214 of the arcuate arms 321 of the fastening assembly 32 toward the first pressure strip 311, and the two sliding ends 3213 of the arcuate arms 321 of the fastening assembly 32 are The surfaces of the first pressure strips 311 are displaced from each other, and the two fastening ends 3215 of the arcuate arms 321 of the fastening assembly 32 are constrained by the transparent window 2, thereby driving the first force arms 3211 and the second of the fastening assembly 32.
  • the force arm 3212 generates a pre-stressed, secured transparent window 2.
  • the connection area of the ⁇ -shaped member 22 and the transparent window 2 is increased, thereby increasing the frame 3 and the transparent window 2.
  • the overall joint strength, while the jaw 22 increases the length of the threaded hole for the bolt passing between the first pressure strip 311, the fastening assembly 32 and the second pressure strip 312, so that the bolt has a longer pitch and is enhanced.
  • the strength and reliability of the screw connection between the first pressure strip 311 and the second pressure strip 312 further ensure a stable and firm connection between the frame 3 and the transparent window 2.
  • the ⁇ -shaped member 22 is first joined to the second mounting groove 21 of each side of the transparent window 2 by the structural adhesive, and then the frame 3 is mounted, and the first pressure bar 311 is disposed on the fastening component.
  • the outer side of the first force arm 3211 is disposed between the first force arm 3211 of the fastening component 32 and the back plate 221 of the jaw 22, and the fastening ends 3215 of the arcuate arm 321 of the fastening component 32 are abutted.
  • a slide cushioning device is attached to the frame 3 at the bottom of the transparent window 2, which is a pulley assembly 33. Then, the transparent window 2 on which the frame 3 has been mounted is disposed in the first mounting groove 10, and the limiting portions 3111, 111 are fitted to each other, and then the elastic buffer member 35 is disposed between the frame 3 and the frame 11. Then, the cover 12 is fixedly mounted on the frame 11 to form a notch; at this time, the elastic buffering member 35 is located in a space surrounded by the frame 3, the frame 11 and the cover 12; the transparent form 2 is adjusted to a preset After the position, the rubber strip 14 is sealed at the notch.
  • the working principle of the entire fastening process is further described below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 12.
  • the two compression ends 3214 of the arcuate arms 321 are displaced in the direction of the first pressure bar 311 by the compression of the second pressure bar 312, and the rotation positioning edge 3217 is rotated.
  • the cooperation with the rotary positioning groove 3121 ensures that the compression end 3214 does not shift in the X-axis direction during the movement, and the distance between the compression ends 3214 of the two bow arms is controllable during the fastening process ( At the same time, the two sliding ends 3213 abut against the surface of the first pressure strip 311 in the direction of the x-axis, and the two fastening ends 3215 are displaced close to each other in the direction of the x-axis until they are transparent.
  • the transparent window 2 of the present invention when the transparent window 2 of the present invention is subjected to impact, if the impact force is small, the transparent window 2 is not deformed and generates a displacement in the impact direction under the impact force, and the elastic buffer member 35 is pressed.
  • the rubber strip 14 serves as a cushioning effect, and the transparent window 2 can be reset by the elastic cushioning member 35 after the impact force disappears.
  • the transparent window 2 of the present invention receives a large impact
  • the transparent window 2 is made of a laminated glass such as bulletproof or explosion-proof glass
  • the transparent window is still bonded to the whole by film bonding.
  • the presence of the frame 3 ensures that the periphery of the transparent window 2 is substantially free from deformation and contraction. Therefore, the initial escape is prevented; when the deformation of the transparent window 2 is large, thereby causing the displacement of the periphery of the first mounting groove 10 to escape, the periphery of the transparent window 2 further passes through the limit on the frame 3.
  • the structure 3111 is engaged with the notch to limit the position; thereby preventing the transparent form 2 from being pulled out after the impact.
  • connection structure of the second pressure strip 312 and the transparent window 2 in this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 19; or as shown in FIG. 20, a convex portion is formed in the middle of the second pressure strip 312 itself.
  • the ribs of the second pressure strip 312 are directly fixed in the second mounting groove 21 through the structural adhesive 25, and the spacer 24 is disposed on the second pressure strip 312 and the transparent window.
  • the second mounting groove 21 is not provided on the side of the transparent window 2, and the T-shaped member 22 is not required, and the transparent window 2 is fastened only by the pre-stressed structure.
  • an armored vehicle window mounting structure of the present invention has the same main structure as that of the first embodiment, except that the first embodiment is not provided.
  • a buffer structure and the mounting frame 1 forms a first pressure strip 311, and the first pressure strip 311 and the second pressure strip 312 are fastened by bolts to form a mounting structure to mount the transparent window 2 in the first mounting slot. .
  • the second force arm 3212 of the fastening component 32 can be split into a plurality of jaws to better conform to the arc surface of the armored vehicle form.
  • the fastening assembly secures the armored vehicle form more firmly and stably without damaging the internal stress of the armored vehicle form itself.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有防爆缓冲功能的装甲车窗体紧固结构及其紧固方法，包括安装框体（1）和通过安装框体（1）固定于装甲车主体（5）上的透明窗体（2），安装框体（1）形成有第一安装槽（10），透明窗体（2）的侧边插设于第一安装槽（10）内，透明窗体（2）侧边结合有一圈框体（3），框体（3）与第一安装槽（10）之间形成有相互配合的安装结构，框体（3）包括压迫组件（31）和紧固组件（32），通过压迫组件（31）和透明窗体（2）的配合压迫紧固组件（32）生成预应力进而紧固透明窗体（2）。该紧固结构强度高，适应面广。

Description

具有防爆緩冲功能的装甲车窗体紧固结构及其紧固方法 技术领域
本发明涉及国防建设领域中的各类装甲车辆，尤指一种具有防爆緩冲功能的装甲车透明 窗体的紧固结构及其紧固方法。 背景技术
装甲车一般是对装有装甲的军用或警用车辆的统称。 为了适应现代战争的特点， 以及打 击恐怖活动、 维护社会治安等多方面需要， 各类军用、 警用还有民用装甲车的发展近年来取 得了较大的进步， 比如装甲运兵车、 装甲防暴车、 装甲运妙车等等。 装甲车的特性是具有高 度的越野机动性能， 有一定的防护和火力作用， 因此车辆的挡风玻璃以及侧窗玻璃等窗体也 必须具有相应的防护能力。
然而目前的装甲车窗体安装结构， 大多是将防弹玻璃或防暴玻璃等窗体镶嵌于类似 U 型槽的边框结构内， 周边设密封胶， 有的会对窗体一侧的金属挡边进行法兰紧固。 这样的安 装方式窗体与装甲车并未形成一体， 窗体基本处于自由状态，一旦受到车外爆炸或枪弹的冲 击荷载时， 窗体虽然不会如钢化玻璃般全部碎成小颗粒， 而是局部破碎并且在冲击的作用下 产生一个冲击方向的形变并在内部胶体的作用下保持完整， 但是窗体必然发生整体弯曲变 形， 且此时窗体的外形尺寸会小于边框的内径。 因此窗体就可能整体从边框中逃逸而飞往车 内， 造成车辆内人员的伤亡， 而起不到其应有的防护作用。 窗体的 RET保持值（爆炸冲击 后玻璃重量 /爆炸冲击前玻璃重量） 虽然比普通玻璃大， 但始终小于 1而无法确保等于 1。
为了减小上述缺陷对车内人员安全的影响， 设计时通常会将窗体的面积缩小， 或者增加 窗体两侧挡边的宽度， 其结果都造成了驾驶员等车内人员的视野同步减小， 给车辆的驾驶及 车内人员的观察等带来了不便。
另外由于窗体与车辆并未形成一体， 两者之间是存在空隙的， 当车辆遭到爆炸或发生剧 烈震动时， 作为脆性材质的窗体与刚性边框之间必然发生刚性碰撞， 导致窗体自身首先出现 应力集中甚至碎裂而失去防护作用。
上述关于装甲车透明窗体的安装方式及结构目前仍存在一定的缺陷，且没有针对性的解 决措施与技术方案，因此相关安全隐患始终存在，也成为一直困扰相关技术人员的一大难题。
然而随着时代的进步， 装甲车在国防等领域的应用越来越普遍， 可是能够有效提升装甲 车透明窗体紧固支承结构安全性与便捷性的核心技术仍未解决。针对此类影响国防建设以及 人民生命财产安全的重要问题， 目前尚无比较合理的解决方式， 而本发明填补了此领域的空 白。 发明内容 本发明目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷， 而提供一种装甲车窗体安装结构， 本发明所述透 明窗体可根据需要选用防弹玻璃、 防爆玻璃或防暴玻璃等等， 不受任何限制。
本发明中的紧固系统是一种动态生成的、 具有稳定预应力结构的紧固系统。 预应力 [prestressing force]—般是指材料制作中或其他物件形成过程中， 预先对其在外荷载作用下的 受拉区，使用相应的技术和工艺引入的压应力，预引的压应力构成材料或物件的预应力结构。 在材料或物件中引入压应力， 形成稳定的预应力结构的技术和工艺一般统称为预应力技术。 拥有预应力结构的材料或物件一般称为预应力材料或预应力物件。
众所周知， 材料或物件的预应力结构可以改善材料或物件的使用性能。 材料或物件的使 用性能一般是指其自身刚性的提高， 自身抗震动性能的提升， 自身弹性强度的增强， 从而增 加材料或物件的耐久性和在其使用过程中的安全性。
预应力技术古已有之， 乃中国古人籍此改善生活用具性能， 加固补偿劳作工具的一种工 艺。 如木桶套箍（引入预应力）可以耐久防漏等。 最近五十多年， 随着预应力技术的不断突 破， 预应力结构在建筑等领域获得了极大的应用， 而预应力材料也突破了高强度钢材等的制 约， 逐步向强度高、 自重轻、 弹性膜量大的聚碳纤维和聚酯纤维类等非金属型转变。
但遗憾的是，预应力材料或物件至今的大部分应用依然还局限于改善材料和物件自身的 物理性能领域。 作为预应力材料， 其物理性能固然有显著加强， 但其内置的稳定的预应力结 构必有其应有使用的创新领域。
在外力的作用下， 材料或物件中引入压应力的过程， 一般称为材料或物件内置预应力的 产生过程。 一般而言， 任何弹性材料， 在外力的作用下， 都可产生内置预应力， 外力的作用 过程， 就是弹性材料内置预应力产生的过程。 对弹性材料内置预应力产生的动态过程用外物 实施控制， 就形成材料或物件的内置预应力的稳定结构。
本发明使用弹性紧固组件， 通过压迫组件产生外力对其引入压应力， 并使用透明窗体来 控制压应力引入的动态过程， 最后形成弹性材料和透明窗体一体的稳定的预应力结构， 从而 完成和达到透明窗体的紧固效果。 由于弹性材料和透明窗体拥有一体的稳定的预应力结构， 整体的物理性能大大加强， 从而透明窗体紧固安装的牢固度、 稳定度、 安全度和便利度也大 大加强。
本发明的目的是解决目前装甲车窗体安装结构技术的不足，提供一种对弹性材料预应力 动态产生过程的激发和控制， 形成弹性材料和透明窗体一体的稳定的预应力结构， 从而完成 和达到透明窗体的紧固效果。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明公开了一种装甲车窗体安装结构， 包括一安装框体和通过 所述安装框体固定于装甲车主体的透明窗体； 所述安装框体形成有第一安装槽， 所述透明窗 体的侧边插设于所述第一安装槽内； 所述透明窗体的侧边结合有一圏框体， 所述框体与所述 第一安装槽之间形成有相互配合的安装结构， 所述框体包括一压迫组件和一紧固组件， 通过 所述压迫组件和透明窗体的配合压迫所述紧固组件生成预应力进而紧固所述透明窗体。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述紧固组件包括两个对称夹持于所述透明窗体两侧的弓形 臂， 两弓形臂之间夹设形成一围合空间， 所述弓形臂包括第一力臂与连接所述第一力臂的第 二力臂， 所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂的连接处形成滑移端， 所述第一力臂于远离所述第二 力臂的一侧形成受压端， 所述第二力臂于远离所述第一力臂的一侧形成紧固端， 所述第一力 臂的受压端接受所述压迫组件的压迫并配合所述透明窗体驱使所述第一力臂与第二力臂生 成预应力。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述压迫组件包括一第一压力条和一第二压力条； 所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述第一压力条表面；所述弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述 第二压力条的外侧表面， 所述弓形臂的两紧固端^!氏靠于所述透明窗体两侧面；
通过螺栓紧固所述第一压力条与所述第二压力条，所述第二压力条压迫所述弓形臂的两 受压端向所述第一压力条方向位移，所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述第一压力条的表面发生相 互远离的位移， 所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述透明窗体的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与 所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述透明窗体。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述透明窗体通过所述围合空间进行一第一方向与一第二方 向的位置调整。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述安装框体形成所述第一压力条， 通过螺栓紧固所述第一 压力条与所述第二压力条形成所述安装结构进而将所述透明窗体安装于所述第一安装槽内。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述第一压力条与所述安装框体形成相互配合的限位部； 所 述框体与所述安装框体之间设置有至少一弹性緩冲件。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述框体的底部设置有滑动緩冲装置。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述安装框体包括框架和固定于所述框架上的盖板， 所述框 架和所述盖板配合形成所述第一安装槽。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述透明窗体的侧边凹陷形成第二安装槽并结合有一 T 型 件； 所述 τ型件包括一背板和形成于所述背板的凸条， 所述凸条嵌设于所述第二安装槽内， 所述背板抵靠所述第二压力条， 通过螺栓贯穿紧固所述第一压力条、 所述第二压力条以及所 述 τ型件的背板与凸条，从而驱使所述紧固组件的第一力臂与第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述 透明窗体。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述透明窗体和所述背板之间设有一垫片。
本发明的进一步改进在于， 所述弓形臂的滑移端呈圆弧面或斜面。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述第二力臂的厚度自所述滑移端至所述紧固端形成一由厚 至薄的渐变。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述紧固组件的弓形臂的受压端向下延伸形成有一旋转定位 棱， 所述第二压力条对应所述紧固组件的所述旋转定位棱形成有旋转定位槽。
本发明由于釆用了以上技术方案， 使其具有的有益效果是：
在本发明的装甲车窗体紧固结构中，通过压迫组件和透明窗体的配合一起压迫紧固组件 生成预应力， 透明窗体成为了生成预应力的一主控制件， 紧固组件选用的是弹性材料， 其在 外力作用下， 材料内部即形成稳定的预应力并储存起来， 与透明窗体、 压迫组件一起组成稳 定的预应力和预应力特征的紧固体系， 其有益效果包括但不限于：
1. 本发明透明窗体四周结合有一预应力结构刚性框体， 并通过该框体与安装框体固定， 防止了透明窗体受到外力冲击发生形变后整体自安装框体逃逸，从而使得本发明装甲车透明 窗体安装结构的安全性大大提高。
2. 所述预应力结构受到外界影响时， 其敏感性的緩冲作用也是相当明显的。 比如， 当 透明窗体或其他部件突然受到环境温度影响，由于材料本身的热冲击性能差而产生分布不均 的内应力时； 在安装过程中以及使用过程中， 由于可能受到的外力撞击而产生分布不均的内 应力时。 此时整个预应力体系都可以通过弹性材料的形变大小来调节相应的预应力大小， 以 此对可能发生的不均衡内应力进行緩冲，从而很好地起到对透明窗体乃至整个装甲车透明窗 体安装结构的保护作用。
3. 本发明窗体加工后即实现预应力结构包边， 运输及安装使用过程不会造成断面的损 坏， 且玻璃始终为平面受力、 而非断面受力， 不产生破坏性内应力， 玻璃自身的安全性能得 到了保障。 另外当窗体受到爆炸等冲击荷载时， 预应力包边还可以为窗体提供向外的拉力来 抵御冲击造成的形变，并且有效减緩形变产生的时间与程度，最大限度为车内人员提供防护。
4. 本发明在整个预应力紧固的实施过程中， 都不会产生由于紧固对透明窗体造成不规 则的压迫和表面形变，避免了由于各构件的误差和透明窗体本身的误差而可能导致的透明窗 体既有的平整度和自身均衡的内应力的破坏， 大大增强了整个装甲车透明窗体安装结构的安 全性和抵抗外力的能力。
5. 本发明弹性緩冲件与滑动緩冲装置的釆用在透明窗体受到爆炸等冲击后的第一时间 提供非常有效的緩冲作用， 可明显减緩与降低窗体受到冲击后破碎的时间与概率， 显著提高 整个装甲车透明窗体结构的安全防护性能。
6. 本发明预应力紧固的实施过程是通过拧紧相关螺栓来压迫紧固组件而使其产生预应 力， 在具体操作时， 通过前期的设计模块中对各个组件原材料的选择及几何形状的设计， 后 期工人只需将相关螺栓拧紧到位即可得到预设的紧固力，无须受到操作力度等不确定因素的 影响， 大大降低操作条件和技术要求。
7. 在实际运用当中， 部分装甲车窗体边缘呈圆弧面。 在本发明中， 紧固组件第二力臂 分裂成多个夹爪， 可使紧固组件中的紧固端更贴合于装甲车窗体的圆弧面， 使紧固组件在不 破坏装甲车窗体自身内应力的前提下， 更牢固与稳定地紧固装甲车窗体。 附图说明
图 1为本发明装甲车窗体紧固结构的装甲车整体结构侧视图；
图 2为图 1的左视图；
图 3 为本发明第一实施例带緩冲的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与安装框体连接结 构剖面图；
图 4 为本发明第一实施例带緩冲的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与安装框体连接结 构立体图；
图 5为图 4的分解图；
图 6 为本发明第一实施例带緩冲的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与框体的连接结构 立体图；
图 7为图 6的分解图； 图 8 为本发明第一实施例带緩冲的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与框体的连接结构 平面图；
图 9为本发明紧固组件的平面示意图；
图 10为本发明第一实施例的第一压力条的立体图；
图 11为本发明第二压力条的立体图；
图 12为本发明装甲车窗体安装结构中框体与透明窗体紧固过程原理示意图； 图 13为本发明滑轮组件的结构示意图；
图 14-15为本发明透明窗体受到冲击时的系统结构示意图；
图 16为本发明第二实施例的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与安装框体连接结构剖面 图；
图 17为本发明第二实施例的装甲车窗体安装结构的透明窗体与安装框体连接结构立体 图；
图 18为图 17的分解图；
图 19-21为本发明多种实施例的框体截面图；
图 22为本发明的装甲车窗体紧固结构中紧固组件的另一较佳实施例示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
请参阅图 1-3 , 在本发明一种装甲车窗体紧固结构的第一较佳实施例中， 包括一安装框 体 1和通过安装框体 1固定于装甲车主体 5的透明窗体 2 (可选用防爆玻璃或防弹玻璃等、 并不限定）； 安装框体 1形成有第一安装槽 10, 透明窗体 2的侧边插设于第一安装槽 10内； 且透明窗体 2的侧边结合有一圏框体 3 , 框体 3与第一安装槽 10之间形成有相互配合的安 装结构， 框体 3包括一压迫组件 31和一紧固组件 32, 通过压迫组件 31和透明窗体 2的配 合压迫紧固组件 32生成预应力进而紧固透明窗体 2。 框体 3与安装框体 1形成相互配合的 限位部 3111、 111 ; 框体 3与安装框体 1之间设置有至少一弹性緩冲件 35。
且框体 3底部设置有滑动緩冲装置， 本实施例中滑动緩冲装置釆用滑轮组件 33; 安装 有框体 3的透明窗体 2通过滑轮组件 33搁置于下部的框架 11上。本实施例中，限位部 3111、 111、 滑动緩冲装置以及弹性緩冲件 35共同形成安装结构。
结合图 13所示， 滑轮组件 33包括一滑轮座 331和设置于滑轮座 331内的滑轮 332; 其 中滑轮座 331通过螺栓紧固于第一压力条 311底部。
请参阅图 8-9 , 紧固组件 32包括两个对称夹持于透明窗体 2两侧的弓形臂 321 , 其材料 应选用具有相当强度， 同时兼具一定弹性与韧性的材料， 如金属、工程塑料、 高分子材料等； 两弓形臂 321之间夹设形成一围合空间 320, 弓形臂 321 包括一第一力臂 3211与一连接第 一力臂 3211的第二力臂 3212, 第一力臂 3211与第二力臂 3212的连接处形成滑移端 3213 , 该滑移端 3213呈圆弧面或斜面可以在保证在滑移过程中产生的阻力更小； 第一力臂 3211于 远离第二力臂 3212 的一侧形成受压端 3214 , 该受压端 3214 向下延伸形成有旋转定位棱 3217; 第二力臂 3212于远离第一力臂 3211的一侧形成紧固端 3215 , 紧固端 3215上结合有 压板 3216,且压板 3216与第二力臂 3212的连接区域向内凹陷形成一压板位置调节区 3218, 通过该压板位置调节区 3218可在紧固过程中实现压板 3216微小的自身位置调节，以使其更 平整地贴附透明窗体 2, 第一力臂 3211的受压端 3214接受压迫组件 31的压迫并配合透明 窗体 2驱使第一力臂 3211与第二力臂 3212生成预应力。 在本实施例中第一力臂 3211为一 短直臂， 第二力臂 3212为一弧形臂， 且第二力臂 3212的厚度自滑移端 3213至紧固端 3215 形成一由厚至薄的渐变， 该种结构可以保证整个弧形臂充分和均匀形变， 不易折断。 紧固组 件 32的两受压端 3214之间配合形成有复数个螺栓孔。 压板 3216与透明窗体 2之间可涂抹 粘结胶（如 UV胶）或夹设双面胶（如 3M胶）或塾设緩冲垫（如橡胶片） 。
请参阅图 4-11 , 为便于描述现在该实施例中作以下定义： 以图 5中透明窗体 2的通长延 伸方向作为 X轴方向， 以透明窗体 2的厚度方向作为 Y轴方向，以透明窗体 2的高度方向作 为 Z轴方向， 且 X轴垂直于 Y轴， Z轴垂直于 X轴与 Y轴构成的平面。
安装框体 1包括框架 11和固定于框架 11上的盖板 12, 框架 11和盖板 12配合形成第 一安装槽 10。
压迫组件 31 包括一第一压力条 311和一第二压力条 312。 其中第一压力条 311翻折形 成限位部 3111 , 第一压力条 311截面呈 " ， 型； 第二压力条 312的表面中部沿 X轴方向 配合旋转定位棱 3217设置了两条通长的旋转定位槽 3121 , 该旋转定位槽 3121的半径等于 或略大于旋转定位棱 3217的半径， 这样当系统分别处于预紧固与紧固状态时， 旋转定位棱 3217可以有效地在旋转定位槽 3121 内定位与进行转动， 两滑移端 3213才会在固定板 1211 内侧表面仅沿 Y轴方向位移。
弓形臂 321的两滑移端 3213抵靠于第一压力条 311的表面；弓形臂 321的两受压端 3214 抵靠于第二压力条 312的表面， 弓形臂 321的两紧固端 3215抵靠于透明窗体 2两侧面。
通过螺栓紧固第一压力条 311与第二压力条 312, 第二压力条 312压迫弓形臂 321的两 受压端 3214向第一压力条 311方向位移， 弓形臂 321的两滑移端 3213于第一压力条 311表 面发生相互远离的位移， 弓形臂 321的两紧固端 3215受到透明窗体 2的限位， 从而驱使第 一力臂 3211与第二力臂 3212生成预应力紧固透明窗体 2; 透明窗体 2通过围合空间 320进 行 X轴方向与 Z轴方向的位置调整。
透明窗体 2的侧边凹陷形成第二安装槽 21并结合有一 T型件 22; T型件 22包括一背板 221和形成于背板 221的凸条 222, 凸条 222嵌设并通过结构胶 25固定于第二安装槽 21内， 背板 221抵靠第二压力条 312, 且背板 221与透明窗体 2之间塾设有垫片 24; 第一压力条 311、 紧固组件 32和第二压力条 312形成相互配合的复数个通孔， 背板 221与凸条 222形成 与该通孔配合的复数个螺孔； 通过螺栓贯穿紧固第一压力条 311、 紧固组件 32、 第二压力条 312以及 T型件 22, 从而驱使紧固组件 32的第一力臂 3211与第二力臂 3212生成预应力紧 固透明窗体 2。 通过螺栓的紧固， 第二压力条 312压迫紧固组件 32的弓形臂 321的两受压 端 3214向第一压力条 311方向位移， 紧固组件 32的弓形臂 321的两滑移端 3213于第一压 力条 311表面发生相互远离的位移， 紧固组件 32的弓形臂 321的两紧固端 3215受到透明窗 体 2的限位， 从而驱使紧固组件 32的第一力臂 3211与第二力臂 3212生成预应力紧固透明 窗体 2。 由于 T型件 22的凸条 222通过结构胶 25结合于第二安装槽 21内增大了 Τ型件 22与透 明窗体 2的连接面积， 从而加大了框体 3与透明窗体 2的整体连接强度， 同时 Τ型件 22为 穿设于第一压力条 311、 紧固组件 32和第二压力条 312之间的螺栓增加了螺孔长度， 使得 该螺栓拥有更长的螺距，增强了第一压力条 311与第二压力条 312之间螺接的强度及可靠性， 进一步保证了框体 3与透明窗体 2的稳定牢固连接。
在透明窗体 2出厂前， 先通过结构胶将 Τ型件 22结合于透明窗体 2各侧边的第二安装 槽 21 , 接着安装框体 3 , 将第一压力条 311设置于紧固组件 32第一力臂 3211的外侧； 第二 压力条 312设置于紧固组件 32第一力臂 3211和 Τ型件 22背板 221之间，紧固组件 32弓形 臂 321的两紧固端 3215抵靠于透明窗体 2的两侧面； 然后通过依次穿设于第一压力条 311、 紧固组件 32、 第二压力条 312和 Τ型件 22的螺栓紧固第一压力条 311和第二压力条 312, 第二压力条 312压迫紧固组弓形臂 321的两受压端 3214向第一压力条方向位移， 紧弓形臂 321的两滑移端 3213于第一压力条的表面发生相互远离的位移，弓形臂 321的两紧固端 3215 受到透明窗体 2的限位， 从而驱使弓形臂 321生成预应力紧固透明窗体 2。 在透明窗体 2底 部的框体 3上安装滑动緩冲装置， 本实施例为滑轮组件 33。 然后将已安装有框体 3的透明 窗体 2设置于第一安装槽 10内， 并使得限位部 3111、 111相互配合， 然后将弹性緩冲件 35 设置于框体 3和框架 11之间； 再将盖板 12安装固定于框架 11上， 形成槽口； 此时弹性緩 冲件 35位于框体 3、 框架 11和盖板 12围成的空间内； 将透明窗体 2调整到预设位置后， 在槽口设置橡胶条 14密封。
下面配合图 8、 12来进一步说明整个紧固过程的工作原理， 弓形臂 321的两受压端 3214 在第二压力条 312的压迫作用下向第一压力条 311方向位移， 通过旋转定位棱 3217与旋转 定位槽 3121的配合保证了受压端 3214在移动过程中不发生 X、 Υ轴方向上的偏移， 两个弓 形臂受压端 3214之间的距离在紧固过程中是可控（不变）的， 同时两滑移端 3213抵靠于第 一压力条 311表面沿 Υ轴方向发生相互远离的位移， 而两紧固端 3215沿 Υ轴方向发生相互 靠近的位移直至抵靠于透明窗体 2的侧面， 因此两紧固端 3215的压板 3216间的距离也是可 控的， 其在透明窗体 2上的紧固位置点也是可控的； 进一步通过第二压力条 312压迫两受压 端 3214向第一压力条 311方向位移，进而驱使两滑移端 3213沿 Υ轴方向继续相互远离， 而 两紧固端 3215此时抵靠于透明窗体 2的侧面并由此受到限位， 第一力臂 3211及第二力臂 3212由此发生形变并生成预应力， 至此具有稳定预应力结构的透明窗体 2与框体 3达到紧 固状态， 透明窗体 2获得紧固。 同样的， 当预应力需要解除时， 只要将相应螺栓松开， 弓形 臂 321的形变会恢复到之前未紧固状态， 此时预应力自动消失， 整个装甲车窗体安装结构的 部件都是无损耗的和可重复使用的， 不仅节约了成本， 同时也非常环保。
请参阅图 14, 当本发明的透明窗体 2受到冲击时， 若冲击力较小， 透明窗体 2不发生 形变并在冲击力的作用下产生冲击方向的位移，压迫弹性緩冲件 35和橡胶条 14起到緩冲的 效果， 冲击力消失后透明窗体 2可在弹性緩冲件 35的作用下复位。
请参阅图 15, 当本发明的透明窗体 2受到的冲击较大， 由于透明窗体 2釆用防弹或防 爆玻璃等夹胶玻璃， 所以透明窗体破碎后仍靠胶片粘接为一整体， 此时虽然透明窗体 2的中 部受到冲击发生形变，但是由于框体 3的存在保证了透明窗体 2的周边基本未产生形变收缩， 从而防止了初步的逃逸； 当透明窗体 2发生的形变较大， 从而带动其周边发生逃逸出第一安 装槽 10的位移时，透明窗体 2的周边又进一步通过框体 3上的限位结构 3111配合槽口进行 限位； 进而防止了透明窗体 2受到冲击后的整块脱出。
请参阅图 19-21 , 本实施例中第二压力条 312与透明窗体 2的连接结构如图 19所示； 另 外也可如图 20所示， 在第二压力条 312本身的中部形成凸条， 此时无需 T型件 22, 可直接 将第二压力条 312的凸条通过结构胶 25固定于第二安装槽 21内， 此时垫片 24塾设于第二 压力条 312与透明窗体 2之间。也可如图 21所示，透明窗体 2的侧边不开设第二安装槽 21 , 也无需 T型件 22 , 只通过预应力结构对透明窗体 2进行紧固。
请参阅图 16-18, 在本发明的第二较佳实施例中， 本发明的一种装甲车窗体安装结构其 主要结构与第一实施例相同， 区别在于： 不具备第一实施例中的緩冲结构， 且安装框体 1形 成第一压力条 311 , 通过螺栓紧固所述第一压力条 311与第二压力条 312形成安装结构进而 将透明窗体 2安装于第一安装槽内 10。
进一步参阅图 22所示， 当装甲车窗体边缘呈圆弧面时， 紧固组件 32的第二力臂 3212 可以分裂成多个夹爪， 以更贴合于装甲车窗体的圆弧面， 使紧固组件在不破坏装甲车窗体自 身内应力的前提下， 更牢固与稳定地紧固装甲车窗体。
以上结合附图实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域普通技术人员可根据上述说明对 本发明做出种种变化例。 因而， 实施例中的某些细节不应构成对本发明的限定， 本发明将以 所附权利要求书界定的范围作为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种具有防爆緩冲功能的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 包括一安装框体和通过所述安装框 体固定于装甲车主体的透明窗体； 其特征在于， 所述安装框体形成有第一安装槽， 所述透明 窗体的侧边插设于所述第一安装槽内； 所述透明窗体的侧边结合有一圏框体， 所述框体与所 述第一安装槽之间形成有相互配合的紧固结构， 所述框体包括一压迫组件和一紧固组件， 通 过所述压迫组件和透明窗体的配合压迫所述紧固组件生成预应力进而紧固所述透明窗体。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述紧固组件包括两个对 称夹持于所述透明窗体两侧的弓形臂， 两弓形臂之间夹设形成一围合空间， 所述弓形臂包括 第一力臂与连接所述第一力臂的第二力臂，所述第一力臂与所述第二力臂的连接处形成滑移 端， 所述第一力臂于远离所述第二力臂的一侧形成受压端， 所述第二力臂于远离所述第一力 臂的一侧形成紧固端，所述第一力臂的受压端接受所述压迫组件的压迫并配合所述透明窗体 驱使所述第一力臂与第二力臂生成预应力。
3. 如权利要求 2 所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述压迫组件包括一第一 压力条和一第二压力条；
所述弓形臂的两滑移端抵靠于所述第一压力条表面；所述弓形臂的两受压端抵靠于所述 第二压力条的外侧表面， 所述弓形臂的两紧固端^!氏靠于所述透明窗体两侧面；
通过螺栓紧固所述第一压力条与所述第二压力条，所述第二压力条压迫所述弓形臂的两 受压端向所述第一压力条方向位移，所述弓形臂的两滑移端于所述第一压力条的表面发生相 互远离的位移， 所述弓形臂的两紧固端受到所述透明窗体的限位， 从而驱使所述第一力臂与 所述第二力臂生成预应力紧固所述透明窗体。
4. 如权利要求 3 所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述透明窗体通过所述围 合空间进行一第一方向与一第二方向的位置调整。
5. 如权利要求 4 所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述安装框体形成所述第 一压力条，通过螺栓紧固所述第一压力条与所述第二压力条形成所述紧固结构进而将所述透 明窗体安装于所述第一安装槽内。
6. 如权利要求 4 所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述第一压力条与所述安 装框体形成相互配合的限位部； 所述框体与所述安装框体之间设置有至少一弹性緩冲件。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的紧固结构， 其特征在于： 所述框体的底部设置有滑动緩冲装置。
8. 如权利要求 1~7 中任一项所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于， 所述安装框体 包括框架和固定于所述框架上的盖板， 所述框架和所述盖板配合形成所述第一安装槽。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的紧固结构， 其特征在于： 所述透明窗体的侧边凹陷形成第二安 装槽并结合有一 T型件；所述 T型件包括一背板和形成于所述背板的凸条，所述凸条嵌设于 所述第二安装槽内， 所述背板^ I氐靠所述第二压力条， 通过螺栓贯穿紧固所述第一压力条、 所 述第二压力条以及所述 T型件的背板与凸条，从而驱使所述紧固组件的第一力臂与第二力臂 生成预应力紧固所述透明窗体。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的装甲车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于所述透明窗体和所述背板之
间设有一垫片。
11. 如权利要求 2~7中任一项所述的装曱车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于： 所述弓形臂的 滑移端呈圆孤面或斜面。
12. 如权利要求 2~7中任一项所述的装曱车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于所述第二力臂的 厚度自所述滑移端至所述紧固端形成一由厚至薄的渐变。
13. 如权利要求 2~7中任一项所述的装曱车窗体紧固结构， 其特征在于： 所述紧固组件 的弓形臂的受压端向下延伸形成有一旋转定位棱，所述第二压力条对应所述紧固组件的所述 旋转定位棱形成有旋转定位槽。
14. 一种应用权利要求 1~7中任一项的紧固结构对装甲车窗体进行紧固的方法。
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