WO2014178633A1 - Filtre à particules d'essence pour moteur à injection directe d'essence - Google Patents

Filtre à particules d'essence pour moteur à injection directe d'essence Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014178633A1
WO2014178633A1 PCT/KR2014/003823 KR2014003823W WO2014178633A1 WO 2014178633 A1 WO2014178633 A1 WO 2014178633A1 KR 2014003823 W KR2014003823 W KR 2014003823W WO 2014178633 A1 WO2014178633 A1 WO 2014178633A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catalyst
cell wall
cell
direct injection
gasoline
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2014/003823
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김홍래
송진우
한현식
Original Assignee
희성촉매 주식회사
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Application filed by 희성촉매 주식회사 filed Critical 희성촉매 주식회사
Publication of WO2014178633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014178633A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1021—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1023—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/903—Multi-zoned catalysts
    • B01D2255/9032—Two zones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/908—O2-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/014—Stoichiometric gasoline engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/60—Discontinuous, uneven properties of filter material, e.g. different material thickness along the longitudinal direction; Higher filter capacity upstream than downstream in same housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
    • F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa

Definitions

  • the gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine directly injects gasoline into a cylinder filled with air by directly injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine to inject the fuel through the air intake path behind the conventional intake valve. It is one of the most efficient engines in terms of fuel efficiency and power, but it is more efficient than the injection, but it is more efficient in terms of fuel efficiency and power. Discharge. Particulate matter for GDI-engine vehicles conforming to the Euro-6 regulations will be regulated in two stages, with a primary regulation of 6 ⁇ 10 12 particles / km, equivalent to 10 times that of diesel vehicles, and equivalent to future diesel vehicles 6 The standard will be strengthened to x 10 11 particles / km.
  • diesel particulate filter is a filter technology that collects particulate matter discharged from a diesel engine in a filter, burns it, regenerates it, and collects particulate matter and continues to use it.
  • CSF Catalyzed
  • Such an oxidation catalyst coating filter can effectively remove particulate matter as well as HC, CO and NOx in exhaust gas.
  • the filter forming material may be a metal, an alloy or a ceramic, and a cordierite-based honeycomb filter is known as a representative example of a filter made of ceramic.
  • FIG. 2 is a SEM photograph of the catalyst layer coated on the cell wall
  • FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of the catalyst layer formed inside the cell wall.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a cordierite-based catalytic GPF filter according to the present invention.
  • a plurality of through cells 12 ′ and 12 ′′ are divided into porous cell walls 13 and formed in a stagged manner on the inlet side 9a and the outlet side 9b.
  • the first catalyst coating layer 30 is formed on the first half of the cell wall surface of the inlet opening cell 12 ', and the outflow side
  • a second catalyst layer (30 ') is formed in the second half inside the cell wall of the opening cell (12 "), thereby providing a catalytic filter for gasoline direct injection engine soot filtration.
  • the present invention may be implemented with the following features, but is not limited thereto.
  • the first catalyst coating amount coated on the first half of the cell wall surface of the present invention may be present in a larger amount than the second catalyst deposition amount deposited on the second half inside the cell wall.
  • the first catalyst coating layer 30 component and the second catalyst layer 30 ' may be the same or different.
  • the first catalyst coating layer component and the second catalyst layer are characterized by supporting at least one species selected from the group consisting of noble metals of platinum group such as Pt, Rh, Pd, and the second catalyst layer 30 'is made of ceria, zirconia, etc. It may further include an oxygen storage component (OSC) including.
  • OSC oxygen storage component
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and the term 'section' in the description of the present invention is perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction unless otherwise specified. It is defined as the cross section of.
  • the second half may be understood as the side through which the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through the filter
  • the first half is defined as the side into which the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is introduced.
  • the 'first half' and 'second half' are not necessarily terms for dividing the filter in the longitudinal direction, and may be understood as some of the first half and some of the second half depending on the exhaust gas and engine conditions.
  • a catalyst 30 made of platinum group elements, other metal elements, oxides thereof, or the like is coated or supported on the surface or the pore surface of the cell walls 13 inside the cells 12 'opened in the inflow end surface 9a.
  • the openings of the respective through cells 12 ', 12 "are sealed by plugging 15 on either end face 9a, 9b side.
  • the entire filter structure cross section shows a checkerboard shape.
  • the density is set to around 200 / inch 2 and the thickness of the cell wall 13 is set to about 0.3 mm.
  • the exhaust gas entering the inside of the cell 12 'opened at the inflow end surface 9a passes through the cell wall and is a particulate matter.
  • a plurality of through cells 12 ', 12 "having a substantially square cross section is formed regularly along the axial direction, and each through cell 12', 12" has a The thin cell walls 13 are partitioned from each other.
  • About half of the cells 12' are among the plurality of cells. Is opened in the inflow end surface 9a, and the remaining cells 12 "are opened in the outflow end surface 9b.
  • the first catalyst coating layer 30 made of a platinum group element or other metal element, its oxide, or the like is coated on the surface of the first cell wall 13 inside the inlet-side opening cell 12 'via the cell wall surface.
  • a second catalyst layer 30 ' having the same or different composition as that of the oxidation catalyst is formed in the inner half of the cell wall (the cell wall itself) of the outlet side opening cell 12 ".
  • a small amount of thin second catalyst layer 30 ' is formed in the latter half compared to the first catalyst layer 30 in the first half, and more specifically, the thickness L is formed on the cell wall surface of the inlet-side opening cell 12' in the first half of the cell longitudinal direction.
  • the exhaust gas is supplied to the catalytic filter 10 accommodated in the casing mounted on the GDI engine vehicle at the inflow side 9a end face, and enters the cell 12 'opened at the end face.
  • the flowable exhaust gas passes through the cell wall 13 of the first half 50, the exhaust gas comes into contact with the exposed first catalyst component 30 to undergo HC, CO NOx oxidation and reduction.
  • Purified gaseous components and entrained particulate matter components collide with the longitudinal end point plugging 15 to reach the cell wall second half 60.
  • a relatively thin coating layer 30 ′ is formed in the second half of the cell wall, so that the gas component and the particulate matter component may easily pass through the second half cell wall pores. Therefore, a large amount of particulate matter accumulation is observed in the latter half compared to the first half.
  • components such as HC, CO, and / or NOx contained in the gas are further oxidized, reduced, and purified by the second catalyst layer 30 ', and the trapped particulate matter has a predetermined internal filter temperature. When the temperature is reached, it is complexed and combusted by the action of a noble metal catalyst such as Pt.
  • the second catalyst layer 30 ′ since the second catalyst layer 30 ′ includes a large amount of oxygen storage material, the particulate matter may be easily combusted in a GDI engine in which exhaust gas lacks an oxidizing material.
  • the configuration according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a new model) and the comparative configuration (hereinafter, referred to as the former configuration in which only the first catalyst coating layer 30 is formed on the entire surface of the inner cell wall of the inlet side opening cell 12 ' Model), particulate matter, HC, CO and NOx reduction rates were measured.
  • Catalytic filters apply conventional commercial catalyst components.
  • Euro-5 test conditions apply.
  • the new model improved HC, CO and NOx reductions by about 10% and new particulate matters by about 15%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un filtre à particules d'essence pour un moteur à injection directe d'essence, et plus spécifiquement un filtre à particules d'essence (FPE) pour un moteur à injection directe d'essence (GDI), selon laquelle la position et la quantité de revêtement d'un catalyseur à appliquer dans le sens longitudinal d'une cellule du filtre à particules d'essence sont commandées de manière à améliorer les propriétés de contact avec le gaz d'échappement et les ingrédients de catalyseur, ce qui permet d'améliorer le rendement de conversion et de réduire la perte de pression du moteur due au gaz d'échappement. Le filtre à particules d'essence pour le moteur à essence à injection directe comprend : une pluralité de cellules traversantes (12', 12") définies et séparées par des parois cellulaires poreuses (13), et deux extrémités (15) sur un côté entrée (9a) et un côté sortie (9b) sont bouchées en quinconce, une première couche de revêtement de catalyseur (30) étant formée sur la demi-partie avant d'une surface de paroi de cellule d'une cellule ouverte côté entrée (12'), et une deuxième couche de catalyseur (30') étant formée sur la demi-partie arrière d'une paroi de cellule interne d'une cellule ouverte côté sortie (12").
PCT/KR2014/003823 2013-05-02 2014-04-30 Filtre à particules d'essence pour moteur à injection directe d'essence WO2014178633A1 (fr)

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KR20130049192 2013-05-02
KR10-2013-0049192 2013-05-02

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107084030A (zh) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-22 日本碍子株式会社 蜂窝结构体
DE102017116405A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2017-10-26 FEV Europe GmbH Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Beladung eines Partikelfilters mit Asche
EP3501648A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-26 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Filtre à particules catalityquement actif
CN111801160A (zh) * 2018-02-26 2020-10-20 巴斯夫公司 用于汽油机废气后处理的催化剂
US11623179B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2023-04-11 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter
US11702971B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2023-07-18 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006136784A (ja) * 2004-11-11 2006-06-01 Cataler Corp フィルタ触媒
KR20110023154A (ko) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-08 현대자동차주식회사 배기가스 필터 시스템
WO2011133503A2 (fr) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-27 Basf Corporation Systèmes de traitement des émissions d'un moteur à essence comportant des filtres à particules pour moteur à essence
JP2013500857A (ja) * 2009-08-05 2013-01-10 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア ガソリンエンジン排ガス処理システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006136784A (ja) * 2004-11-11 2006-06-01 Cataler Corp フィルタ触媒
JP2013500857A (ja) * 2009-08-05 2013-01-10 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア ガソリンエンジン排ガス処理システム
KR20110023154A (ko) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-08 현대자동차주식회사 배기가스 필터 시스템
WO2011133503A2 (fr) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-27 Basf Corporation Systèmes de traitement des émissions d'un moteur à essence comportant des filtres à particules pour moteur à essence

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107084030A (zh) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-22 日本碍子株式会社 蜂窝结构体
DE102017116405A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2017-10-26 FEV Europe GmbH Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Beladung eines Partikelfilters mit Asche
DE102018116870A1 (de) 2017-07-20 2019-01-24 FEV Europe GmbH Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Beladung eines Partikelfilters mit Asche
EP3501648A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-26 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Filtre à particules catalityquement actif
WO2019121372A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-27 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Filtre à particules à activité catalytique
US11179676B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-11-23 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter
US11185820B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2021-11-30 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Multi-layer three-way catalytic converter
US11291952B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2022-04-05 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Single-layer 3-way catalytic converter
US11623179B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2023-04-11 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter
US11628400B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2023-04-18 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter
US11702971B2 (en) 2017-12-19 2023-07-18 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Catalytically active particulate filter
CN111801160A (zh) * 2018-02-26 2020-10-20 巴斯夫公司 用于汽油机废气后处理的催化剂

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