WO2014172763A1 - Independent self-steering axle for a semi-trailer with pneumatic elevator - Google Patents

Independent self-steering axle for a semi-trailer with pneumatic elevator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014172763A1
WO2014172763A1 PCT/BR2014/000110 BR2014000110W WO2014172763A1 WO 2014172763 A1 WO2014172763 A1 WO 2014172763A1 BR 2014000110 W BR2014000110 W BR 2014000110W WO 2014172763 A1 WO2014172763 A1 WO 2014172763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axle
semi
trailer
self
pneumatic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2014/000110
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
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WO2014172763A8 (en
Inventor
Luis Carlos. FANTI
Original Assignee
Fanti Luis Carlos
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Publication date
Application filed by Fanti Luis Carlos filed Critical Fanti Luis Carlos
Publication of WO2014172763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014172763A1/en
Publication of WO2014172763A8 publication Critical patent/WO2014172763A8/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D13/00—Steering specially adapted for trailers
    • B62D13/04—Steering specially adapted for trailers for individually-pivoted wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
    • B60G11/27—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs wherein the fluid is a gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/34—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs
    • B60G11/46—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also fluid springs
    • B60G11/465—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also fluid springs with a flexible wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/003—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/04—Trailers
    • B60G2300/042—Semi-trailers

Definitions

  • This patent application is for an INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT especially a self-acting self-steering axle that can be mounted on semitrailers without having to change its original configuration, with emphasis on the use of only one. tire at each end of the axle which, with the distance from the chassis, increases the curving power of the trailer preventing the tires from dragging on the ground ensuring greater tire economy, makes the trailer more agile and favors fuel economy.
  • the self-steering axle is intended for use on but not limited to semi-trailers and / or trailers.
  • the fourth existing self-steering axle currently uses the filipated tire system, that is, two tires at each end of the axle and their attachment is very far from the other axles, which incurs numerous drawbacks, among which are:
  • the mentioned patent presents as an inventive concept an additional axle spaced from the other axles of the semi-trailer with filipated tires, ie 4 tires at each axle tip, but with the spacing of the other axles is far ahead of the load center.
  • the semi-trailer creating a huge drag friction of the tires with the ground in the steepest curves, degrading the tread and spoiling the tires, and having two tires on each side mischaracterizes as self-directional as it cannot have a curve radius greater than twelve degrees either side by the proximity of the tires to the chassis of the semi-trailer having to ride with the additional axle raised within cities, in addition to the other drawbacks mentioned above.
  • THE INDEPENDENT SELF-TRUCK FOR PNEUMATIC LIFT TRAILER aims to provide greater cornering power by having only two tires, one at each end of the axle, favoring a 45 ° cornering radius for each side making a total of 90 °, This allows you to walk quietly within the city with the vehicle loaded and the self-steering axle lowered.
  • INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE SHAFT WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT conceptually having only one tire at each end of the axle provides a lower than conventional PBT, and can be added to the vehicle on the six-axle lift by raising the PBT by 6ton from 48,500kg to 54,500kgs below the established maximum
  • the standard is 57ton and can be pulled by tractor horse 6X2 or 4X2 not requiring 6X4 for this set.
  • THE INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT has as its differential the approach of the additional axle with a distance of only 1.35m from the nearest axle, because in this type of configuration the minimum clearance required is 1.20m from the semi-trailer, which contributes to better drivability, there is no problem of passing through level curves or some spring breakers as the additional axle is close to the other axles in the higher structural reinforcement part of the semi-trailer, increasing braking power and cornering stability giving greater safety for road users, as it has the same braking power of the ten-ton axle, but only uses six tons with the highest braking power equivalent to four tons less inertia.
  • INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT raises the PBT of the semi-trailer giving it greater load capacity within regulatory standards.
  • This four axle has a 54,500kg PBT, compared to a bitrem, they travel with the 57ton PBT, 2,500kg less in the same configuration, contributing to the versatility of a semi-trailer to carry often indivisible high-cubic loads. Higher average speed with lower fuel consumption, less pollution and safer driver and road users, with higher hill speeds reducing the chance of rear-end collisions.
  • Fig. 1 Perspective view of independent self-steering axle for pneumatic lift semi-trailers
  • Fig. 2 Exploded view of independent self-steering axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift
  • Fig. 3 Perspective view of the independent self-directing axle for semi-trailer showing installed on the chassis of a semi-trailer;
  • Fig. 4 Side view of semi-trailer with independent self-directing axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift installed;
  • Fig. 5 Perspective view of independent self-steering axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift, showing the axle in curved situation;
  • Fig. 6 Side view of a semi-trailer with the conventional axle.
  • THE INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE FOR PNEUMATIC LIFT TRAIL refers to an independent, easy-to-install, simple-to-build self-steering axle (1) comprising a beam-type axle (2) with axle sleeves at the end, compression springs (3), side and horizontal dampers (4) (5), air brakes (6), air suspension (7), center support springs (8), air pockets (10) and pneumatic elevator (11).
  • the self-steering axle (1) is independent of the other axles of the semi-trailer (SR), is fixed by welding or any other means to the chassis (C) by the upper face of the center bracket (9). It is provided with a substantially rectangular body (12) which receives on its sides (13 and 14) the fixing of the self-directional axis (1) by means of the support (15) by screws (16), six on each side.
  • Said support (15) in its upper part has the fixing screws (16) next to the central support (9) that allows the easy installation and removal of the entire self-steering shaft assembly for any maintenance, and in the lower part of this support (15) ) comprises an open housing (17) with central screw (18) for securing and supporting the springs (8).
  • the springs (8) in turn, have a U-bolt (32) with screw (33) and at the other end, opposite the open housing (17), have the air pockets (10) for support purposes. the suspension and to absorb the impacts, the springs (8) are fixed next to the beam type axis (2) by means of double clamps (19) with nuts (20).
  • the beam type axle (2) with axle sleeves at the ends having only one wheel (21) at each axle end and the distance of the wheel (21) from the semi-trailer chassis (22) is what allows the radius of 45 ° bend on each side, thus favoring the tire-less bend.
  • Each wheel (21) has a pneumatic brake (6) with its own air reservoir (R) specific to the self-steering axle (1), giving full effectiveness to the brakes (6) and suspension (7).
  • the beam type axle (2) has a pin (23) juxtaposed to the spring (8) that receives a side damper (4) fixed to the chassis (C) by the bracket (24) and screw (25) holding the damper (4). ) in a slightly inclined position favoring the suspension of the steered axle (1).
  • steering arms Parallel to the beam-type shaft (2), there are two steering arms (26 and 27), the one (26) having a tubular iron bar (28) with articulation at the ends and fixed to the tip of the beam-type shaft (2). and juxtaposed the steering arm (27) is in turn provided with two horizontal shock absorbers (5) with two compression springs (3) inserted into the arms of each damper tip (5) and these fixed to the support (29) and this one Attached to the bottom base (30) of the air pockets (10) and spring tip (8), these steering arms have the main function of always keeping the wheels (21) aligned in the event of elevation of the self-steering axle (1).
  • said directional axle (1) is provided with a pneumatic lift (11) fixed to the semi-trailer chassis (SR) by welding or any other type of attachment, whose position is superior and aligned with the beam type axle (2)
  • SR semi-trailer chassis
  • said lift becomes necessary to avoid the opposite direction of the maneuver, because it is self-directional.
  • the present patent application is novel and inventive thanks to the independent self-steering axle being easy to install and simple to construct, guaranteeing greater semitrailer bending power, raising the PBT while giving higher loading power and providing greater versatility and speed. in the climbs with even fuel savings, which added to the industrial application makes it worthy of patent privilege.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

Independent self-steering axle for a semi-trailer with pneumatic elevator, especially for an independently actuated self-steering axle (1) capable of being fitted on semi-trailers (SR) without it being necessary to change the original configuration thereof, which has a simple construction, notably for the use of only one wheel at each end of the axle, which, together with the distance from the chassis, increases the ability of the semi-trailer to follow a curve, preventing the wheels from dragging over the ground and thereby ensuring longer tyre life, and this makes the semi-trailer more flexible and enhances fuel economy, said axle comprising a beam axle (2), with stub axles at the end, compression springs (3), horizontal (5) and lateral dampers (4), pneumatic brakes (6), pneumatic suspension (7), springs (8) for the central support (9), airbags (10) and pneumatic elevator (11).

Description

EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM  INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE WITH
ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO  PNEUMATIC LIFT
Trata a presente solicitação de Patente de Invenção de um EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO especialmente de um eixo autodirecional de atuação independente passível de ser montado em semirreboques sem que seja necessário alterar a sua configuração original, com destaque para a utilização de apenas um pneu em cada ponta do eixo que, com a distância do chassi, aumenta o poder de curva da carreta evitando que os pneus se arrastem no solo garantindo maior economia dos pneus, torna a carreta mais ágil e favorece a economia de combustível. This patent application is for an INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT especially a self-acting self-steering axle that can be mounted on semitrailers without having to change its original configuration, with emphasis on the use of only one. tire at each end of the axle which, with the distance from the chassis, increases the curving power of the trailer preventing the tires from dragging on the ground ensuring greater tire economy, makes the trailer more agile and favors fuel economy.
CAMPO DE APLICAÇÃO  APPLICATION FIELD
O eixo autodirecional tem como campo de aplicação a utilização em semirreboques e/ou reboques, porém não limitados a estes.  The self-steering axle is intended for use on but not limited to semi-trailers and / or trailers.
CONVENCIMENTO  CONVENTION
O quarto eixo autodirecional existente atualmente utiliza o sistema de pneus filipados, ou seja, dois pneus em cada ponta do eixo e sua fixação é bem distante dos demais eixos, o que incorre em inúmeros inconvenientes, dos quais destacam-se:  The fourth existing self-steering axle currently uses the filipated tire system, that is, two tires at each end of the axle and their attachment is very far from the other axles, which incurs numerous drawbacks, among which are:
> Maior atrito dos pneus no solo em curvas mais acentuadas;  > Greater tire friction on the ground at steeper turns;
> Degradação do pavimento e dos pneus;  > Degradation of the road surface and tires;
> Possui um raio de curva limitado pela proximidade dos pneus com o chassi do semirreboque;  > Has a turning radius limited by the proximity of the tires to the semi-trailer chassis;
> Com o eixo avançado em relação aos demais, favorece o efeito "L" em dias de chuva devido ao balanço do semi-reboque; > Alto risco de fissura ou quebra do chassi do semirreboque devido a sobrecarga no eixo associado às curvas de níveis em estradas não pavimentadas e alguns quebra molas. > With the advanced axle in relation to the others, it favors the "L" effect in rainy days due to the semi-trailer balance; > High risk of cracking or breaking of the semi-trailer chassis due to axle overload associated with contours on unpaved roads and some spring breakers.
Pensando nessas dificuldades, os fabricantes mais atentos às necessidades de mercado procuram desenvolver equipamentos que proporcionam ótimo resultado, simplicidade construtiva, fácil manuseio e de baixo custo, em conformidade com o foco desse pedido de privilégio, características essas que têm ganhado espaço no mercado de consumo.  With these difficulties in mind, manufacturers that are more attentive to market needs seek to develop equipment that provides optimum results, constructive simplicity, easy handling and low cost, in accordance with the focus of this privilege request, features that have gained space in the consumer market. .
ESTADO DA TÉCNICA O atual estado da técnica antecipa alguns documentos de patentes que versam sobre a matéria em apreço como MU8900628-3 DISPOSIÇÃO CONSTRUTIVA APLICADA EM REBOQUE E SEMIRREBOQUES que refere-se a um semi-reboque dotado de um a três eixos convencionalmente dispostos no chassi, dito semirreboque que apresenta na porção média do chassi um quarto eixo distanciado dos demais eixos. O quarto eixo preferentemente é de rodagem simples elou autodirecional. STATE OF THE ART The present state of the art anticipates some patent documents relating to the subject matter as MU8900628-3 CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO TRAILERS AND TRAILERS which refers to a semi-trailer equipped with one to three axles conventionally arranged in the chassis. , said semi-trailer that presents in the middle portion of the chassis a fourth axle distanced from the other axles. The fourth axle is preferably single-wheeled and self-steering.
Neste caso, a patente mencionada apresenta como conceito inventivo um eixo adicional distanciado dos demais eixos do semirreboque com pneus filipados, ou seja, 4 pneus em cada ponta do eixo, porém, com o afastamento dos demais eixos fica muito a frente do centro de carga do semirreboque criando um enorme atrito de arrasto dos pneus com o solo nas curvas mais acentuadas, degradando o piso e estragando os pneus, e por ter dois pneus em cada lado descaracteriza como autodirecional, pois não consegue ter um raio de curva maior que doze graus para cada lado pela proximidade dos pneus com o chassi do semirreboque tendo que andar com o eixo adicional levantado dentro de cidades, alem dos demais inconvenientes supracitados. In this case, the mentioned patent presents as an inventive concept an additional axle spaced from the other axles of the semi-trailer with filipated tires, ie 4 tires at each axle tip, but with the spacing of the other axles is far ahead of the load center. of the semi-trailer creating a huge drag friction of the tires with the ground in the steepest curves, degrading the tread and spoiling the tires, and having two tires on each side mischaracterizes as self-directional as it cannot have a curve radius greater than twelve degrees either side by the proximity of the tires to the chassis of the semi-trailer having to ride with the additional axle raised within cities, in addition to the other drawbacks mentioned above.
NOVO PRODUTO NEW PRODUCT
Ciente do estado da técnica, suas lacunas e limitantes, o inventor, após estudos e pesquisas criou a EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO em questão, que em linhas gerais, concebe um eixo autodirecional de atuação independente passível de ser montado em semirreboques sem que seja necessário alterar a sua configuração original, com destaque para a utilização de apenas um pneu em cada ponta do eixo que, com a distância do chassi, aumenta o poder de curva da carreta evitando que os pneus se arrastem no solo garantindo maior economia dos pneus, torna a carreta mais ágil e favorece a economia de combustível.  Aware of the state of the art, its shortcomings and limitations, the inventor, after studying and researching, created the INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE AXLE WITH A PNEUMATIC LIFT in question, which, in general, conceives a self-steering axle of independent action that can be mounted on semi-trailers It is necessary to change its original configuration, emphasizing the use of only one tire at each end of the axle which, with the distance from the chassis, increases the curving power of the trailer preventing the tires from dragging on the ground ensuring greater economy of the tires. tires, makes the trailer more agile and favors fuel economy.
O EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO tem como objetivo oferecer maior poder de curva pelo fato de possuir dois pneus apenas, um em cada ponta do eixo, favorece o raio de curva em 45° para cada lado perfazendo um total de 90°, com isso, permite andar tranquilamente dentro da cidade com o veiculo carregado e o eixo autodirecional abaixado.  THE INDEPENDENT SELF-TRUCK FOR PNEUMATIC LIFT TRAILER aims to provide greater cornering power by having only two tires, one at each end of the axle, favoring a 45 ° cornering radius for each side making a total of 90 °, This allows you to walk quietly within the city with the vehicle loaded and the self-steering axle lowered.
O EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO conceitualmente por ter apenas um pneu em cada extremidade do eixo proporciona um PBT menor do que o convencional, e poderá ser somado ao veículo no conjunto de seis eixos elevando o PBT em 6ton indo de 48.500kgs para 54.500kgs abaixo do máximo estabelecido pela norma que é de 57ton podendo ser tracionado por cavalo trator 6X2 ou 4X2 não necessitando de 6X4 para este conjunto. INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE SHAFT WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT conceptually having only one tire at each end of the axle provides a lower than conventional PBT, and can be added to the vehicle on the six-axle lift by raising the PBT by 6ton from 48,500kg to 54,500kgs below the established maximum The standard is 57ton and can be pulled by tractor horse 6X2 or 4X2 not requiring 6X4 for this set.
O EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO possui como diferencial a aproximação do eixo adicional distanciando apenas 1 ,35mts do eixo mais próximo, pois neste tipo de configuração, o afastamento mínimo requerido é de 1 ,20mts, do semirreboque, o que contribui para uma melhor dirigibilidade, não se tem o problema de passar por curvas de níveis ou algum quebra molas, já que o eixo adicional está junto dos demais eixos na parte de maior reforço estrutural do semirreboque, eleva o poder de frenagem e estabilidade em curvas dando maior segurança aos usuários de vias publicas, pois tem o mesmo poder de frenagem do eixo de dez toneladas, mas utiliza apenas seis toneladas tendo o poder de frenagem maior equivalente a inércia de quatro toneladas a menos.  THE INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT has as its differential the approach of the additional axle with a distance of only 1.35m from the nearest axle, because in this type of configuration the minimum clearance required is 1.20m from the semi-trailer, which contributes to better drivability, there is no problem of passing through level curves or some spring breakers as the additional axle is close to the other axles in the higher structural reinforcement part of the semi-trailer, increasing braking power and cornering stability giving greater safety for road users, as it has the same braking power of the ten-ton axle, but only uses six tons with the highest braking power equivalent to four tons less inertia.
O EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO eleva o PBT do semirreboque dando maior capacidade de carga para o mesmo dentro das normas reguladoras. Com esse quatro eixo tem se um PBT de 54.500kgs, em comparação com um bitrem, eles trafegam com o PBT de 57ton, 2.500kilos a menos na mesma configuração, contribuindo com a versatilidade de um semirreboque em carregar cargas de alta cubagem muitas vezes indivisíveis, maior velocidade média com menor consumo de combustível, menor poluição e mais segurança ao condutor e usuários da via, com velocidade maior em subidas o que reduz a chance de colisões traseira.  INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVE AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT raises the PBT of the semi-trailer giving it greater load capacity within regulatory standards. With this four axle has a 54,500kg PBT, compared to a bitrem, they travel with the 57ton PBT, 2,500kg less in the same configuration, contributing to the versatility of a semi-trailer to carry often indivisible high-cubic loads. Higher average speed with lower fuel consumption, less pollution and safer driver and road users, with higher hill speeds reducing the chance of rear-end collisions.
VANTAGENS Em suma, o eixo autodirecional reivindicado apresenta como vantagens mais preponderantes: BENEFITS In short, the claimed self-steering axle has the most prominent advantages:
> Garante maior poder de curva do semirreboque;  > Guarantees higher bending power of the semi-trailer;
> Eleva o PBT dando maior poder de carga;  > Raises the PBT giving higher loading power;
> Proporciona maior versatilidade e velocidade nas subidas com a redução do PBT em 2.500kgs;  > Provides greater versatility and speed when climbing with the reduction of PBT by 2,500kg;
> Garante a economia de combustível;  > Guarantees fuel economy;
> Economia de pneus;  > Tire economy;
> Evita o desgaste do solo, devido ao pouco atrito em curvas; > Simples construtividade;  > Prevents soil wear due to low friction in curves; > Simple constructivity;
> Baixo custo de produção;  > Low production cost;
> Fácil manuseio;  > Easy handling;
> Ótima relação custo x benefício.  > Great cost-benefit ratio.
A seguir, explica-se a invenção com referência aos desenhos anexos, nos quais estão representados de forma ilustrativa e não limitativa:  The following explains the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which they are illustrated by way of illustration and not limitation:
Fig. 1 - Vista em perspectiva do eixo autodirecional independente para semirreboque com elevador pneumático;  Fig. 1 - Perspective view of independent self-steering axle for pneumatic lift semi-trailers;
Fig. 2 - Vista explodida do eixo autodirecional independente para semirreboque com elevador pneumático;  Fig. 2 - Exploded view of independent self-steering axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift;
Fig. 3 - Vista em perspectiva do eixo autodirecional independente para semirreboque, mostrando instalado no chassi de um semirreboque;  Fig. 3 - Perspective view of the independent self-directing axle for semi-trailer showing installed on the chassis of a semi-trailer;
Fig. 4 - Vista lateral do semirreboque com o eixo autodirecional independente para semirreboque com elevador pneumático instalado;  Fig. 4 - Side view of semi-trailer with independent self-directing axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift installed;
Fig. 5 - Vista em perspectiva do eixo autodirecional independente para semirreboque com elevador pneumático, mostrando o eixo em situação de curva; Fig. 6 - Vista lateral de um semirreboque com o eixo convencional. DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADAFig. 5 - Perspective view of independent self-steering axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift, showing the axle in curved situation; Fig. 6 - Side view of a semi-trailer with the conventional axle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
O EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO, objeto desta solicitação de Patente de Invenção, refere-se a um eixo autodirecional (1 ) independente, de fácil instalação e simples construtividade, compreendido por um eixo tipo viga (2) com mangas de eixos na extremidade, molas de compressão (3), amortecedores (4) laterais e horizontais (5), freios pneumáticos (6), suspensão pneumática (7), molas (8) do suporte central (9), bolsas de ar (10) e elevador pneumático (1 1). THE INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE FOR PNEUMATIC LIFT TRAIL, subject of this patent application, refers to an independent, easy-to-install, simple-to-build self-steering axle (1) comprising a beam-type axle (2) with axle sleeves at the end, compression springs (3), side and horizontal dampers (4) (5), air brakes (6), air suspension (7), center support springs (8), air pockets (10) and pneumatic elevator (11).
Mais especificamente, o eixo autodirecional (1) é independente em relação aos demais eixos do semirreboque (SR), é fixado por meio de solda ou qualquer outro meio existente ao chassi (C) pela face superior do suporte central (9), suporte este dotado de um corpo (12) substancialmente retangular que recebe em suas laterais (13 e 14) a fixação do eixo autodirecional (1) por meio do sustentador (15) por parafusos (16), sendo seis de cada lado.  More specifically, the self-steering axle (1) is independent of the other axles of the semi-trailer (SR), is fixed by welding or any other means to the chassis (C) by the upper face of the center bracket (9). It is provided with a substantially rectangular body (12) which receives on its sides (13 and 14) the fixing of the self-directional axis (1) by means of the support (15) by screws (16), six on each side.
Dito sustentador (15) em sua parte superior possui os parafusos (16) de fixação junto ao suporte central (9) que permite a fácil instalação e remoção de todo o conjunto do eixo autodirecional para eventuais manutenções, e na parte inferior deste sustentador (15) compreende um caixa aberta (17) com parafuso central (18) para fixação e apoio das molas (8).  Said support (15) in its upper part has the fixing screws (16) next to the central support (9) that allows the easy installation and removal of the entire self-steering shaft assembly for any maintenance, and in the lower part of this support (15) ) comprises an open housing (17) with central screw (18) for securing and supporting the springs (8).
As molas (8) por sua vez, possui um grampo em "U" (32) com parafuso (33) e na outra extremidade, oposta a caixa aberta (17), possui as bolsas de ar (10) com objetivo de dar suporte a suspensão e absolver os impactos, as molas (8) são fixadas junto ao eixo de tipo viga (2) por meio de grampos (19) duplos com porcas (20). O eixo tipo viga (2) com mangas de eixos nas extremidades dotada de apenas uma roda (21) em cada ponta do eixo e o distanciamento da roda (21) em relação ao chassi (22) do semirreboque é o que permite o raio de curva de 45° para cada lado favorecendo desse modo a curva com menos desgaste dos pneus. The springs (8), in turn, have a U-bolt (32) with screw (33) and at the other end, opposite the open housing (17), have the air pockets (10) for support purposes. the suspension and to absorb the impacts, the springs (8) are fixed next to the beam type axis (2) by means of double clamps (19) with nuts (20). The beam type axle (2) with axle sleeves at the ends having only one wheel (21) at each axle end and the distance of the wheel (21) from the semi-trailer chassis (22) is what allows the radius of 45 ° bend on each side, thus favoring the tire-less bend.
Cada roda (21) é dotada de freio pneumático (6) com reservatório (R) de ar próprio e específico para o eixo autodirecional (1), dando toda a efetividade para os freios (6) e suspensão (7).  Each wheel (21) has a pneumatic brake (6) with its own air reservoir (R) specific to the self-steering axle (1), giving full effectiveness to the brakes (6) and suspension (7).
Ainda no eixo tipo viga (2), possui um pino (23) justaposto à mola (8) que recepciona um amortecedor (4) lateral fixado ao chassi (C) pelo suporte (24) e parafuso (25) mantendo o amortecedor (4) em posição levemente inclinada favorecendo a suspensão do eixo direcional (1 ).  Still on the beam type axle (2), it has a pin (23) juxtaposed to the spring (8) that receives a side damper (4) fixed to the chassis (C) by the bracket (24) and screw (25) holding the damper (4). ) in a slightly inclined position favoring the suspension of the steered axle (1).
Paralelo ao eixo tipo viga (2), há dois braços direcionadores (26 e 27) sendo o (26) dotado de uma barra de ferro tubular (28) com articulação nas extremidades e fixada na ponta do eixo tipo viga (2), igualmente e justaposta o braço direcionador (27) por sua vez é dotado de dois amortecedores horizontais (5) dotados de duas molas de compressão (3) introduzidas nos braços de cada ponta do amortecedor (5) e estes fixados no suporte (29) e este fixado na base (30) inferior das bolsas de ar (10) e ponta da mola (8), esses braços direcionadores tem como principal função manter sempre alinhadas as rodas (21) no caso de elevação do eixo autodirecional (1).  Parallel to the beam-type shaft (2), there are two steering arms (26 and 27), the one (26) having a tubular iron bar (28) with articulation at the ends and fixed to the tip of the beam-type shaft (2). and juxtaposed the steering arm (27) is in turn provided with two horizontal shock absorbers (5) with two compression springs (3) inserted into the arms of each damper tip (5) and these fixed to the support (29) and this one Attached to the bottom base (30) of the air pockets (10) and spring tip (8), these steering arms have the main function of always keeping the wheels (21) aligned in the event of elevation of the self-steering axle (1).
Por fim, dito eixo direcional (1) é dotado de elevador pneumático (11) fixado no chassi do semirreboque (SR) por meio de solda ou qualquer outro tipo de fixação, cuja posição é superior e alinhado ao eixo tipo viga (2) que por meio de grandes grampos (31) abraçam o eixo tipo viga (2) e quando acionado, promove a elevação de todo o conjunto do eixo direcional (1) sendo necessário para pequenas manobras e quando o semirreboque estiver sem carga, ocasião que, quando carregado fica na posição abaixada, porém se necessário aplicar a marcha ré, a elevação se torna necessária para evitar o sentido oposto da manobra, pelo fato de ser autodirecional. Finally, said directional axle (1) is provided with a pneumatic lift (11) fixed to the semi-trailer chassis (SR) by welding or any other type of attachment, whose position is superior and aligned with the beam type axle (2) By means of large clamps (31) they hug the beam type shaft (2) and when actuated, it promotes the elevation of the whole steering axle assembly (1) being necessary for small maneuvers and when the semi-trailer is unloaded, when when loaded it is in the down position, but if necessary reverse, the lift becomes necessary to avoid the opposite direction of the maneuver, because it is self-directional.
Portanto, o presente pedido de patente de invenção se reveste de novidade e atividade inventiva graças ao eixo autodirecional independente ser de fácil instalação e simples construtividade garantindo maior poder de curva do semirreboque, elevando o PBT dando maior poder de carga e proporcionando maior versatilidade e velocidade nas subidas com economias inclusive de combustível, que somado a aplicação industrial o faz merecedor do privilégio de patente.  Therefore, the present patent application is novel and inventive thanks to the independent self-steering axle being easy to install and simple to construct, guaranteeing greater semitrailer bending power, raising the PBT while giving higher loading power and providing greater versatility and speed. in the climbs with even fuel savings, which added to the industrial application makes it worthy of patent privilege.

Claims

REIVINDICAÇÕES
1) EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO, refere-se a um eixo autodirecional (1 ) independente, caracterizado por um eixo tipo viga (2) com mangas de eixos nas extremidades, molas de compressão (3), amortecedores (4) laterais e horizontais (5), freios pneumáticos (6), suspensão pneumática (7), molas (8) do suporte central (9), bolsas de ar (10) e elevador pneumático (1 )'.  1) INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING SELF-AXLE SHAFT, refers to an independent self-steering axle (1), characterized by a beam type axle (2) with end axle sleeves, compression springs (3), shock absorbers (4) side and horizontal (5), pneumatic brakes (6), air suspension (7), central support springs (8) (9), air pockets (10) and air lift (1) '.
2) EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por o eixo tipo viga (2) ser dotado de uma roda (21) em cada ponta do eixo.  Independent self-steering semi-trailer axle with pneumatic lift according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam-type axle (2) is provided with a wheel (21) at each end of the axle.
3) EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO de acordo com as reivindicações 1 e 2, caracterizado por o distanciamento da roda (21) em relação ao chassi (22) do semirreboque (SR) é o que permite o raio de curva maior.  Independent self-steering axle for pneumatic semi-trailer according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the distance of the wheel (21) from the chassis (22) of the semi-trailer (SR) is the one which allows the greatest turning radius.
4) EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por possuir dois braços direcionadores (26 e 27) sendo o (26) dotado de uma barra de ferro tubular (28) com articulação nas extremidades e o braço direcionador (27) por dotado de dois amortecedores horizontais (5) com molas de compressão (3). 5) EIXO AUTODIRECIONAL INDEPENDENTE PARA SEMIRREBOQUE COM ELEVADOR PNEUMÁTICO de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por possuir elevador pneumático (11) fixado no chassi do semirreboque (SR). 4) Independent self-steering axle for semi-trailer with pneumatic lift according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two steering arms (26 and 27), the one (26) having a tubular iron bar (28) with articulation at the ends and the arm. driver (27) with two horizontal shock absorbers (5) with compression springs (3). INDEPENDENT SELF-DRIVING AXLE WITH PNEUMATIC LIFT according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a pneumatic lift (11) attached to the semi-trailer chassis (SR).
PCT/BR2014/000110 2013-04-23 2014-04-04 Independent self-steering axle for a semi-trailer with pneumatic elevator WO2014172763A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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BRBR102013010210-5A BR102013010210A2 (en) 2013-04-26 2013-04-26 Independent self-steering axle for pneumatic lift semi-trailers
BRBR102013012105 2013-04-26

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB667667A (en) * 1947-07-25 1952-03-05 Viberti Off Spa Improvements in steering of vehicles having three axles
DE1655138A1 (en) * 1967-02-20 1971-10-21 Sauer Roman Franz Self-aligning axle
US7131652B2 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-11-07 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Steering damper and backup lock beam attachment

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB667667A (en) * 1947-07-25 1952-03-05 Viberti Off Spa Improvements in steering of vehicles having three axles
DE1655138A1 (en) * 1967-02-20 1971-10-21 Sauer Roman Franz Self-aligning axle
US7131652B2 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-11-07 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Steering damper and backup lock beam attachment

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WO2014172763A8 (en) 2015-08-20

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