WO2014167552A1

WO2014167552A1 - Essential oil and aloe for treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by demodex, especially marginal blepharitis, a pharmaceutical composition containing essential oil and/or aloe and the use of essential oil and aloe and their compositions for the production of a preparation used in treatment and prophylaxis of the mentioned inflammations

Info

Publication number: WO2014167552A1
Application number: PCT/IB2014/060668
Authority: WO
Inventors: Maciej OSĘKA; Beata ROMAN; Emilia JAREMKO-PIEKARSKA; Aleksandra SĘDZIKOWSKA
Original assignee: Ofta Sp. Z O. O.
Priority date: 2013-04-11
Filing date: 2014-04-11
Publication date: 2014-10-16
Also published as: EP2983684B8; PL223972B1; EP2983684B1; EP2983684A1; PL403509A1

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is an essential oil selected from the group including eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and aloe for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex, for use especially when the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis. The subject of this invention is also the use of essential oils and aloe for the production of a preparation for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex and a pharmaceutical composition containing as an active ingredient at least one of the above mentioned essential oils and/or aloe.

Description

Essential oil and aloe for treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by

Demodex, especially marginal blepharitis, a pharmaceutical composition containing essential oil and/or aloe and the use of essential oil and aloe and their compositions for the production of a preparation used in treatment and

prophylaxis of the mentioned inflammations

The subject of the patent is essential oil such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, and mint oil and aloe for treatment and prophylaxis of inflammation caused by Demodex, especially marginal blepharitis, a pharmaceutical composition containing such an essential oil and/or aloe as well as the use of essential oil and aloe for the production of a medicine used in treatment and prophylaxis of the mentioned inflammation.

Demodex is an arachnid, a member of the mite family, it is one of the best-known ectoparasites - Demodicidae family, among which two species parasitize humans: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis. The occurrence of Demodex is extremely common. In tests carried out on different populations it was found that the percentage of people infected with Demodex ranges between 15 and 80%. The proportion of people infected with Demodex rises with the increase in age, which is probably connected with decreased immunity in elderly people. Some sources report 84% in the population of people at the age of 60 and even 100% in people above the age of 70. In children it occurs very rarely and it mainly affects children with immunity disorders. The scarcity of occurrence in children may result from small amounts of sebum secreted by sebaceous and tarsal glands.

Infections caused by mites such as Demodex are spread by contact transmission and most probably by dust which may contain eggs. Humans cannot contract the infections from animals because Demodex is species-specific.

Demodicidae are ectoparasites and both species live in hair follicles and sebaceous glands on the skin of the face, where they feed on lipids and products of sebaceous secretion. The ones occurring in greatest numbers are located in the region of the nose, around the eyes, on the forehead and chin, sometimes they can parasitize other parts of the body e.g. the skin of the hands and feet. Tests carried out in the last 20 years indicate that the cause of marginal blepharitis may

be the fact that Demodex live in the hair follicles of eyelashes and probably in the

openings of meibomian glands, where they feed on their secretion. By blocking the

openings of sebaceous glands ducts Demodex cause changes in the eye's tear film

resulting from a lipid layer deficiency and inflammations caused by the accumulation of - - secretion in the glands. Demodex living in sebaceous glands of the skin may lead to an

inflammation in the form of acne rosacea.

Marginal blepharitis caused by Demodex

Marginal blepharitis is a big clinical problem in ophthalmology practice. Demodex, living

in the hair follicles of eyelashes, causes persistent, chronic marginal blepharitis and

blepharoconjunctivitis.

Marginal blepharitis involves a dysfunction of eyelid glands. There are two types of

marginal blepharitis:

anterior - involving mainly a dysfunction of sebaceous glands opening to the

hair follicles of eyelashes

posterior - involving a plugging of meibomian glands orifices.

Demodex, by moving in the follicle, mechanically irritate the papilla and the hair bulb

and their metabolic waste causes chemical irritation and swelling of the papilla. The

objective symptoms of marginal blepharitis are: thickening and redness of the eyelid, a

discharge on the surface of the eyelid margin and often symptoms of a dry eye

syndrome. The subjective symptoms of marginal blepharitis are: severe itching, pain

and a gritty sensation under the eyelids.

Marginal blepharitis is usually chronic. Remission periods are interrupted by periods

when the symptoms become more acute, exacerbated.

In the course of the parasite's growing in the follicle, the base of the eyelash may

become dislocated and misdirected. One of the symptoms of infection is excessive loss

of eyelashes.

Sometimes complications arise in the form of a bacterial inflammation of the hair follicle

caused by staphylococcus - hordeolum or chalazia.

The medical condition caused by the presence of Demodex is called demodicosis. The

following processes are responsible for the symptoms of demodicosis: blockage of

follicles and leading out tubules of sebaceous glands, reactive hyperkeratinization and

epithelial hyperplasia, mechanical transmission of bacteria and/or fungi (secondary

bacterial/mycotic infection), the host's inflammatory reaction to the presence of

parasite's chitin, stimulation of the host's humoral responses and cell-mediated

immunological reaction caused by the presence of mites and their excretion. The condition is frequently misdiagnosed as an allergic inflammation or a bacterial or mycotic infection. The process of changes caused by Demodex may display no clear pathological changes. In some patients the symptoms are not very distinctive. Patients complain mainly about persistent itching, burning sensation and redness of the eyelids. Long-term marginal blepharitis

Treated and untreated long-term marginal blepharitis may lead to the deformation of the eyelid margins and conditions resulting from it such as the damage of the cornea, lagophthalmos, drying out of the eye surface. Additionally, there may arise complications connected with long-term use of medicine, such as: viral corneitis, bacterial inflammation of the surface of the eye caused by drug-resistant bacteria and the damage of the eye's tear film, leading to excessive drying of the surface of the eye. Currently used treatment of marginal blepharitis

Currently used treatment of marginal blepharitis mainly comes down to symptomatic treatment, that is easing of the inflammation of the eyelid margins. The medicine used in such cases are mainly steroid medications in the form of eye ointments or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of eye drops. Additionally, topical antibiotics in the form of ointment or drops are used, or combination antibiotic-steroid drugs in the form of ointment or drops.

The effectiveness of treatment with substances such as: metronidazole ointment, silver nitrate, or mechanical removal of lid margin debris is questionable. The only preparation showing therapeutic effect was mercuric oxide ointment, which for reasons of safety and because of the binding regulations cannot be used.

Yet, in most cases the troublesome symptoms return after inflammatory treatment.

Moreover, during the currently used treatment, especially with steroid drugs, one needs to have patience because the fight against this parasite is not easy. The treatment should be started not earlier than in autumn, when the sun is no longer so high.

Ignoring this recommendation can cause discolouration of the skin because the drugs against Demodex sensitise the skin tosunlight. The second condition is the necessity to use disposable towels by all the household members during the treatment, as well as boil the towels that have been used thus far. Failure to meet the conditions may cause secondary infections with the parasite.

That is why there is still an unfulfilled need for developing a remedy for the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex, especially around the eyes, in particular a preparation for the treatment and prophylaxis of marginal blepharitis.

The use of essential oils as medicinal and cosmetic products is well known. And thus, the international patent application W01995032723 A 1 disclosed a fitotherapeutic remedy for the treatment of skin damage and lesions, which consists of the extract of ingredients which can be extracted from sage (Salvia officinalis), ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceoiata), broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) and mistletoe (Viscum album). The international patent application WO 200016752 A2 described a method of treatment of an epithelium condition in a patient, such as inflammation, an insect bite, an allergic reaction, sunburn, eczema, swelling, acne, dry skin, oily skin, bad odour, chafe, cut and bruising, which makes use of a device for cosmetic aromatherapy treatment of a patient with an aromatherapy composition containing essential oils and a polymeric matrix.

The use of essential oils was also described in the international patent applications WO 200905861 A1 , WO 201 1 09139 A2, WO 2012050763 A2 and in the Japanese patent application JP 20121 1 1727 A.

The international patent application WO 200912679 8A1 disclosed a composition of Salvia hispanica seed extract and a method of preparing it, which can be used to alleviate or prevent illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases, arthritis pain, inflammation, platelet aggregation or to treat the dry eye syndrome, premenstrual symptoms or to modify the immune response in people or animals.

The international patent application WO 2010141591 A1 refers to the composition of an ophthalmic emulsion useful in the treatment of eye diseases including the dry eye syndrome, which in one realisation contains oil with omega-3 acids, which comes from a botanic source such as Salvia hispanica among other things. The emulsion according to the patent can be used to deliver different medicinal products in the form of eye drops in order to treat different eye diseases such as the dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, conjunctivitis, marginal blepharitis, allergies and infections.

However, in the European patent description EP 1 185178 B1 a pharmaceutical composition containing plant essential oils and extracts in a gel carrier for use in fighting against insects, especially parasitic insects like ectoparasites such as lice, mites, and fleas.

Nonetheless, none of the found documents disclosed the use of essential oil such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex, especially marginal blepharitis, nor did they disclose the use of such oil for the production of a drug for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of the listed inflammations.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention was to find an effective remedy for the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex, especially around the eyes, in particular a remedy for the treatment and prophylaxis of marginal blepharitis. Thorough testing was conducted in the search for substances that are effective in fighting against Demodex, which will be able for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations, especially marginal blepharitis. Unexpectedly, it was found that natural essential oils and aloe display a biocidal activity towards Demodex, preventing and curing inflammations caused by these organisms.

And thus, in one aspect the subject of this invention is an essential oil selected from the group including: eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is essential oil for the use in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is sage essential oil, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sclarea.

In another aspect the invention refers to the use of an essential oil selected from the group including: eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and aloe for the production of a preparation for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is the use in which the inflammation caused by

Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is the use in which the essential oil is sage essential oil, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sclarea.

In another aspect, the subject of this invention is aloe for the use for the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is aloe for the use in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is aloe selected from the group including: Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe arborescens Mill.

In another aspect the invention refers to the use of aloe for the production of a preparation for the use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is the use in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is the use in which aloe is selected from the group including: Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe arborescens Mill.

In another aspect the subject of this invention is a pharmaceutical composition, which as an active ingredient contains at least one active ingredient selected from the group including an essential oil such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and aloe for the use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

Preferably, the subject of this invention is a composition for the use in which the

inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

Preferably, the subject of this [nyention is a composition, which contains water; at least

one essential oil selected from the group including: eucalyptus oil, camphor oil,

lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and/or aloe, emulsifier/thickening agent;

emulsion stabilizer and emollient.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention contains water in the amount of

10-90% by weight, aloe in the amount of 0,01-100% by weight (adjusted to 1 :1

depending on the degree of concentration of the raw material) and/or at least one

essential oil selected from the group including: eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil,

fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil in the amount of 0,1-80% by weight,

emulsifier/thickening agent in the amount of 0,5-15% by weight, emulsion stabilizer in

the amount of 0-15% by weight and emollient in the amount of 0-25% by weight.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention contains fatty acids esters as an

emulsifier/thickening agent, acrylic polymers, polysaccharides, cellulose thickeners as

emulsion stabilizers, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, esters, triglycerides, ceramides, waxes,

vegetable oils, squalanes, mineral oils, silicones and the like as emollients.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention additionally contains at least one

agent from among the group including a preservative, moisturizer, demulcent and

complexing agent.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention contains an emollient; at least

one substance selected from among the group including eucalyptus oil, camphor oil,

lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and aloe and a thickening agent.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention contains an emollient in the

amount of 20-80% by weight, aloe in the amount of 0,01-100% by weight (adjusted to

1 :1 depending on the degree of concentration of the raw material) and/or at least one

essential oil selected from the group consisting of eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender

oil, fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil in the amount of 0,1-80% by weight; a thickening

agent in the amount of 1-45% by weight.

Preferably, the composition according to the patent contains fatty alcohols, fatty acids,

esters, triglycerides, ceramides, waxes, vegetable oils, squalanes, mineral oils,

silicones as emollients, and it contains waxes, dextrins as thickening agents.

Preferably, the composition according to the patent additionally contains at least one

agent from among the group including an antioxidant, moisturizer and demulcent.

I Preferably, the composition according to the patent contains sage essential oil as an active ingredient, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sclarea.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention contains aloe as an active ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and and Aloe arborescens Mill.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention is for topical application in the form of emulsion, cream, gel, ointment, dressing, paste, foam, plaster, spray or solution.

Thanks to their unexpected biocidal properties against Demodex, essential oils such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil and aloe can be used in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex, especially marginal blepharitis, in the form of a pharmaceutical composition containing such an essential oil and/or aloe. Essential oils and/or aloe for the use according to this invention, taking into account the specificity of the treated condition, preferably can be administered in the form of preparations for topical application such as emulsion, cream, gel, ointment, dressing, paste, foam, plaster, spray or solution. These preparations can be applied on the eyelid for the purpose of treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations, especially marginal blepharitis, as well as e.g. topically, on the skin in other areas for the purpose of treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations, e.g. acne inflammations, especially those caused by Demodex. Both water and lipid formulations can be used in the preparations, whose frame formulations are presented in the examples below.

The way the preparation is used according to the invention is also essential, which takes into account the life cycle of Demodex, which lasts approximately 2-4 weeks, as well as its daily activity. The parasite is active mainly at night. Sunrays paralyse Demodex, forcing it to move back into deeper layers of skin. The developed dosage scheme includes topical application of the preparation according to the patent once a day, especially at night-time, for the period of approximately 2 weeks, then a 2-week break and another period of using the preparation for the next 2 weeks.

The present invention will be illustrated with the following examples.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

In vitro experiments

As a result of the carried out research into the use of different substances, which may have biocidal activity against Demodex it turned out that essential oil such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil show very strong biocidal activity against these organisms.

The experiments were conducted in the following way:

Freshly obtained eyelashes were placed on a microscopic slide with a teardrop, onto which solutions of -drugs and substances of different concentrations^{^}were^" sprinkled. The whole of it was placed in a humidity chamber to avoid drying of the preparation. Mobility of Demodex was monitored under the microscope at different time intervals. As a control group Demodex was placed in Ringer's solution and it was monitored how long they survived in this solution.

The influence of the following was tested:

> paraffin oil

> liquid silicone (Polydimethylsiloxane 4% Cyclopentasiloxane 86%)

> liquid silicone (Polydimethylsiloxane) of sea buckthorn oil

> aloe juice

> natural essential oils: sage, mint, camphor, fennel, eucalyptus and lavender The results of the tests are presented in table 1 below.

Table 1

Average Minimum Maximum

AGENT: length of length of length of survival survival survival

Ringer's solution 92 hours 35 hours 156 hours paraffin oil 120 hours 80 hours 48 hours liquid silicone (Polydimethylsiloxane 4%

100 hours 52 hours 68 hours Cyclopentasiloxane 86%)

liquid silicone (Polydimethylsiloxane) 55 hours 40 hours 90 hours sea buckthorn oil 72 hours 20 hours 85 hours aloe 9 hours 2 hours 11 hours eucalyptus oil 23 minutes 19 minutes 30 minutes

16,5

camphor oil 11 minutes 27 minutes

minutes

lavender oil 14 minutes 5 minutes 18 minutes

27,5

fennel oil 25 minutes 37 minutes

minutes

sage oil 7 minutes 2 minutes 14 minutes sage oil 50% 32 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes sage oil 25% 85 minutes 31 minutes 150 minutes sage oil 12,5% 175

119 minutes 61 minutes minutes

sage oil 10% (with triglycerides of caprinic and

36 hours 30 hours 40 hours caprilic acids)

sage oil 5% (with triglycerides of caprinic and

40 hours 20 hours 60 hours caprilic acids)

sage oil 0,5% (with triglycerides of caprinic and

80 hours 72 hours 96 hours caprilic acids)

mint oil 10,5

6 minutes 19 minutes minutes

mint oil 50% ( with triglycerides of caprinic and

43 minutes 28 minutes 70 minutes caprilic acids)

sage oil 25% + mint oil 50% (with triglycerides of

14 minutes 7 minutes 18 minutes caprinic and caprilic acids)

sage oil 10% + mint oil 50% (with triglycerides of

15 minutes 7 minutes 21 minutes caprinic and caprilic acids)

sage oil 5% + mint oil 50% + camphor oil 20%

7 minutes 3 minutes 8 minutes (with triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acids)

sage oil 5% + mint oil 50% + fennel oil 20% (with

7 minutes 4 minutes 9 minutes triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acids)

sage oil 5% + mint oil 50% + lavender oil 10%

8 minutes 3 minutes 10 minutes (with triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acids )

sage oil 5% + oil solution of aloe (with triglycerides

8 hours 2 hours 1 hours of caprinic and caprilic acids)

sage oil 5% + aloe 2 hours 30 minutes 5 hours sage oil 0,5% + aloe 8 hours 2 hours 10 hours sage oil 0,1 % + aloe 9 hours 2 hours 11 hours

The first tested substances in which biocidal activity against Demodex was established were essential oils such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, and mint oil used alone or in mixtures. That is why it was initially stated that the optimal preparation for the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations, especially those caused by Demodex, would be a preparation containing selected oils or their mixtures. However, it turned out that essential oils irritate the skin of eyelids when used in higher concentrations. Therefore, a further search was carried out for an additional substance with a high safety profile. Unexpectedly, it turned out that aloe, a commonly used substance showing the desirable properties, also has biocidal properties against Demodex, thanks to which a composition containing aloe alone as an active ingredient, or a mixture of one of the above essential oils and aloe will be effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations, especially those caused by Demodex, in the intended time interval.

Example 2

Preparing pharmaceutical compositions

Taking into account above all the safety of using essential oils especially in the area around eyes, as well as improving the barrier function of skin, epidermis and properties supporting the immune response of skin infected by Demodex, a product was developed in which the ingredients with such a spectrum of activity were selected. The use of aloe in the formula eliminates itching and burning which accompany inflammations.

D-panthenol (provitamin of B5) imparts elasticity to skin and reduces irritation/relieves irritation.

Hyaluronic acid together with Fucogel® create a film and ensure comprehensive moisturising of the irritated skin.

Because of its composition similar to the lipid layer of human skin, lanolin shows strong moisturising and softening properties and has a favourable influence on regenerative and repairing processes of damaged skin.

The developed product for specialist protection and eyelid care

• helps to remove the accumulated impurities/debris and discharge on eyelids and eyelid margins

• alleviates symptoms of irritation caused by different external factors (such as e.g. Demodex)

• moisturises the sensitive eyelid skin and stimulates regenerative processes

• eliminates discomfort connected with the drying and damage of epidermis Moreover, as a result of the analysis of the in vitro tests results, where the effectiveness against Demodex and the safety profile were established and the fact that the preparation will be applied topically at night-time, compositions were developed which show activity in the period of 4-8 hours. A water solution of aloe 1 :1 also shows effectiveness in this time frame. Concentrated aloe is used for production, most frequently at the degree of concentration 200: 1.

In the case of preparations to be used on eyelids, the concentration of essential oils will be lower and will be 10% by weight.

However, in preparations for topical use in case of acne, the concentration of essential oils will be higher, it will be 80% by weight.

Devices used to prepare the formulation:

- mechanical mixer - IKA RW 20 D

- laboratory homogeniser - VELP OV 5 - general laboratory balance

Two frame formulations were developed, one containing water phase and oil phase, the second one is lipid-based.

If not indicated otherwise, the numbers given in percent (%) mean % by weight.

Frame formulation no. 1

^*The composition may contain aloe of different concentrations

Additionally, the composition may contain any one of preserving agents, any moisturising, soothing agents, any complexing agent.

Frame formulation no. 2

*The composition may contain aloe of different concentrations

Additionally, the composition may contain any one of antioxidants, any one of moisturising and soothing agents.

The technological process (prescriptions no. 2.1-2.2): The weighted-out amount of water was brought to the boil and cooled down to the temperature of approximately 80°C. Olivem 1000 (cetearyl alcohol and fatty acids of olive oil ester (Cetearyl Olivate), sorbitan and fatty acids of olive oil ester (Sorbitan Olivate)) was heated to the temperature of approximately 75°C (until completely molten) and added to the water phase. The whole was homogenized for a few minutes until a homogeneous mixture was obtained, then the process of slow cooling was started. At the temperature of approximately 40°C an essential oil was added and the whole was mixed until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. While continuing the cooling, hyaluronic acid (HA), Fucogel and Aloe Vera, D-panthenol and Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate) were added, each time stirring until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. At the end the preservative Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol and 3-[(2- ethylhexyl)oxy]-1 ,2-propanediol in the ratio 9:1 ) was added.

2.1

Item Ingredient % (by weight) number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 0,1

3 Aloe Vera^* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000 (INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan 5,5

Olivate)

5 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

6 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

7 D-panthenol 1 ,0

8 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3-[(2- 1 ,1

ethylhexyl) oxy] -1 ,2- propanediol in the ratio 9:1 )

9 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate 0,1

diacetate)

^*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200:1

2.2

Item Ingredient %

number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 0,5

3 Aloe Vera^* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000(INCI:Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan 5,5

Olivate)

5 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

6 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

7 D-panthenol 1 ,0 8 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 ,1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol, in the ratio 9: 1 )

9 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate 0,1

diacetate )

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200: 1

The technological process (prescription no. 2.3): The weighted-out amount of water was brought to the boil and cooled down to the temperature of approximately 80°C. Olive 1000 (cetearyl alcohol and fatty acids of olive oil ester (Cetearyl Olivate), sorbitan ester and fatty acids of olive oil (Sorbitan Olivate)) was heated to the temperature of approximately 75°C (until completely molten) and added to the water phase. The whole was homogenized for a few minutes until a homogeneous mixture was obtained, then the process of slow cooling was started. At the temperature of approximately 40°C an essential oil was added and the whole was mixed until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. While continuing the cooling, hyaluronic acid (HA), Fucogel and Aloe Vera, D-panthenol and Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate) were added, each time stirring until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. At the end the preservative Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol and 3-[(2- ethylhexyl)oxy]-1 ,2- propanediol) was added.

2.3

Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200:1

The technological process (prescription no. 4-16): The weighted-out amount of water was brought to the boil and cooled down to the temperature of approximately 80°C. Olivem 1000 (Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) and the other ingredients of the oil phase Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid were heated to the temperature of approximately 75°C (until a homogeneous mixture was obtained) and were added to the water phase. The whole was homogenized for a few minutes until a homogeneous mixture was obtained, and then the process of slow cooling was started. At the temperature of approximately 40°C an appropriate essential oil was added and the whole was stirred thoroughly. While continuing the stirring Acrylates/Acrylate C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer was/were added, after obtaining a homogeneous mixture it was neutralized with TEA Triethanolamine. Next to the homogeneous mixture were added in turn HA, Fucogel and Aloe Vera, D-panthenol and tetrasodium glutamate diacetate, each time stirring the whole for a few minutes. At the end the preservative Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol and 3-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]- 1 ,2- propanediol) was added.

2.4

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 2,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000 (INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 3,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 2,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

7 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

8 D-panthenol 1 ,0

9 Acrylates/CI 0-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

10 Triethanolamine 0,23

1 1 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 , 1

ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol

12 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0, 1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200: 1

2.5

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water to 100

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0,5 4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 3,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 2,5

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 5,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,23

12 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 ,1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0, 1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200: 1

2.6

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera^* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000 (INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0, 1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200:1

2.7

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100 2 Sage oil 15,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Aery lates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200: 1

2.8

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 20,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000 (INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

12 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 , 1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200:1 2.9

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0,05

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200:1

2.10

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0, 1

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan 4,5

Olivate)

5 Oliwax LC (Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, Sorbitan 3,0

Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25 12 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 ,1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

^*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 200: 1

2.11

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 5,0

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/CI O-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

12 Euxyl PE 90 0 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 ,1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 1 :1

2.12

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 5,0

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0 10 Aery lates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 1 :1

2.13

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 2,5

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Aery lates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

12 Euxyl PE 90 0 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 , 1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0, 1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 1 :1

2.14

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 1 ,5

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyl Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0 8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

12 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanbl , 3- [(2- 1 ,1 ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

^*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 1 :1

2.15

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera^* 0,5

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyi Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate)

6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0,1

^*Aloe Vera o degree of concentration200: 1

2.16

Item Ingredient % number

1 Water up to 100

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Vera* 0, 1

4 Olivem 1000(INCI: Cetearyi Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate) 4,5

5 Oliwax LC (INCI: Cetyl Palmitate, Sorbitan Palmitate, 3,0

Sorbitan Olivate) 6 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 3,0

7 Fucogel 1.5P 3,0

8 HA (low molecular, sodium salt) 0,5

9 D-panthenol 1 ,0

10 Acrylates/C 10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer 0,2

1 1 Triethanolamine 0,25

12 Euxyl PE 9010 (2-phenoxyethanol , 3- [(2- 1 , 1

ethylhexyl)oxy] -1 2- propanediol)

13 Dissolvine GL-47-S (Tetrasodium glutamate diacetate ) 0, 1

*Aloe Vera degree of concentration 1 :1

The technological process (prescriptions no. 2.17-2.26): To the weighted-out amount of triglycerides of caprinic acid were added in turn Lanolin, white beeswax (Cera Alba), the whole was heated to the temperature of 75°C (until the ingredients were completely molten). The whole was stirred until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. Then the process of cooling was started and at the temperature below 40°C Aloe Ferox and the appropriate essential oil were added, each time stirring until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.

2.17

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1 2.19

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 50,0

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Aloe Ferox^* 5,0

4 Cera Alba 15

5 Lanolin 20

^*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.20

Item Ingredient % number

^ Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 55,0

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Ferox^* 5,0

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20,0

^*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.21

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 57,5

2 Sage oil 2,5

3 Aloe Ferox^* 5,0

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin " 20,0

^*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.22

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 59,0

2 Sage oil 1 ,0

3 Aloe Ferox^* 5,0

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20 *Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.23

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 42,5

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 2,5

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.24

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 59,0

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 1 ,0

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20,0

^*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.25

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 59,5

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Ferox^* 0,5

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.26

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 59,9

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 0, 1

4 Cera Alba 15,0

5 Lanolin 20,0 *Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

Technological process (prescription no. 2.27): To the weighted-out amount of triglycerides of caprinic acid were added in turn Lanolin, white beeswax (Cera Alba), the whole was heated to the temperature of 75°C (until the ingredients were completely molten); The whole was stirred until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. Then the process of cooling was started and at the temperature below 40°C the appropriate essential oil was added, the whole was stirred until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.

2.27

Technological process (prescription no. 2.28-2.37): To the weighted-out amount of triglycerides of caprilic and caprinic acid were added in turn Lanolin, Rheopearl KL2, the whole was heated to the temperature of 85°C (until the ingredients were completely molten). The whole was stirred until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. Then the process of cooling was started and at the temperature below 40°C Aloe Ferox and the appropriate essential oil were added, each time stirring until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.

2.28

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1 2.29

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 34,5

2 Mint oil 50,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

4 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

5 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.30

Item Ingredient % number

Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 34,5

2 Fennel oil 50,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

4 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

5 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.31

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 34,5

2 Lavender oil 50,0

3 Aloe Ferox^* 0,5

4 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

5 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.32

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 34,5

2 Camphor oil 50,0

3 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

4 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

5 Lanolin 5,0 *Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.33

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 24,5

2 Sage oil 10,0

3 Mint oil 50,0

4 Aloe Ferox^* 0,5

5 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

6 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.34

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 9,5

2 Sage oil 25,0

3 Mint oil 50,0

4 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

5 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

6 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.35

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 9,5

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Mint oil 50,0

4 Camphor oil 20,0

5 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

6 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

7 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.36

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 9,5 2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Mint oil 50,0

4 Fennel oil 20,0

5 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

6 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

7 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

2.37

Item Ingredient % number

1 Triglycerides of caprinic and caprilic acid 19,5

2 Sage oil 5,0

3 Mint oil 50,0

4 Lavender oil 10,0

5 Aloe Ferox* 0,5

6 Rheopearl KL2 (Dextrin palmitate) 10,0

7 Lanolin 5,0

*Aloe Ferox degree of concentration 1 :1

Claims

1. An essential oil selected from the group including eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

2. An essential oil according to claim 1 for the use in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

3. An essential oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is sage essential oil, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sciarea.

4. The use of an essential oil selected from the group including eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil, for the production of a preparation for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

5. The use according to claim 4, in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

6. The use according to claim 4 or 5, in which the essential oil is sage essential oil, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sciarea.

7. A pharmaceutical composition, which as an active substance contains at least one active substance selected from the group including an essential oil, such as eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil, mint oil, for use in the treatment and prophylaxis of inflammations caused by Demodex.

8. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 7, which additionally contains aloe.

9. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8, in which aloe is selected from the group including Aloe vera, Aloe ferox and Aloe arborescens Mill.

10. A composition according to any of claims 7-9 for use, in which the inflammation caused by Demodex is marginal blepharitis.

11. A composition according to any of claims 7-10, which further contains water; emulsifier/thickening agent; emulsion stabilizer and emollient.

12. A composition according to any of claims 7-12, which contains 10-90% of water by weight, aloe in the amount of at least 0,01-100% by weight (adjusted to 1 :1 depending on the degree of concentration of the raw material) and at least one essential oil selected from the group including eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil in the amount of 0,1 -80% by weight, emulsifier/thickening agent in the amount of 0,5-15% by weight, emulsion stabilizer in the amount of 0-15% by weight and emollient in the amount of 0-25% by weight.

13. A composition according to any of claims 1 1 -12, which contains fatty acids esters as an emulsifier/thickening agent, acrylic polymers, polysaccharides, cellulose thickeners as emulsion stabilizers, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, esters, triglycerides, ceramides, waxes, vegetable oils, squalanes, mineral oils, silicones and the like as emollients.

14. A composition according to any of claims 7-13, which additionally contains at least one agent from among the group including a preservative, moisturizer, demulcent and complexing agent.

15. A composition according to any of claims 7-10, which further contains an emollient and a thickening agent.

16. A composition according to claim 15, which contains an emollient in the amount of 20-80% by weight, aloe in the amount of at least 0,01 % by weight (adjusted to 1 :1 depending on the degree of concentration of the raw material) and at least one essential oil selected from the group consisting of eucalyptus oil, camphor oil, lavender oil, fennel oil, sage oil and mint oil in the amount of 0, 1 -80% by weight; a thickening agent in the amount of 1-45% by weight.

17. A composition according to claim 15 or 16, which contains fatty alcohols, fatty acids, esters, triglycerides, ceramides, waxes, vegetable oils, squalanes, mineral oils, silicones as emollients, and it contains waxes, dextrins as thickening agents.

18. A composition according to any of claims 15-17, which additionally contains at least one agent from among the group including an antioxidant, moisturizer and demulcent.

19. A composition according any of claims 7-18, in which the active ingredient is sage essential oil, especially natural sage essential oil, such as Salvia hispanica oil, common sage Salvia officinalis oil or other species including Salvia triloba (fruticosa), Salvia lavandulifolia and Salvia sclarea.

20. A composition according to any of claims 7-19 for topical application in the form of emulsion, cream, gel, ointment, dressing, paste, foam, plaster, spray or solution.