WO2014167113A1 - Method and device for early detection of damage to plant cell structures - Google Patents
Method and device for early detection of damage to plant cell structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014167113A1 WO2014167113A1 PCT/EP2014/057427 EP2014057427W WO2014167113A1 WO 2014167113 A1 WO2014167113 A1 WO 2014167113A1 EP 2014057427 W EP2014057427 W EP 2014057427W WO 2014167113 A1 WO2014167113 A1 WO 2014167113A1
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- Prior art keywords
- force
- plant cell
- sample
- cell structure
- contact surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
Abstract
Method and device for early detection of damage to plant cell structures, wherein the method comprises the following steps: Controlled application of a force with predetermined magnitude and for a predetermined period to a plant cell structure sample that is located between two contact surfaces and has an upper and a lower surface, and determining whether a change takes place on at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied.
Description
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EARLY DETECTION OF DAMAGE TO
PLANT CELL STRUCTURES Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the field of plant cell structures, and particularly to a method and device for early detection of damage to plant cell structures.
Background of the invention
Besides an intact cell membrane, one of the most important factors affecting the vitality of a plant cell is a stable, intact cell wall, since otherwise - due to osmotic processes - hydrostatic overpressure (also called "Turgor pressure") cannot be built up in the cell. With good water supply in a vital plant, as much as 7 bar (= 700 kPa) Turgor pressure can be created in the leaf cells. When water is scarce (e.g., because of drought, salty water or disease) Turgor pressure falls rapidly, leading to the decay of the cell wall, destruction of the cell membranes, and ultimately the death of the cells and cellular tissue. Damage such as brown spots occurs because the chlorophyll is broken down. A person skilled in the art would talk of the onset of necrosis, that is to say a non-programmed cell death as opposed to apoptosis. Necrosis can occur in small areas, but just as well in large areas of the plant. Turgor pressure is an essential parameter for the plant. The magnitude of
Turgor pressure determines growth, productivity, and the quality of its fruit. The magnitude of Turgor pressure itself is determined by climatic conditions, hydration and availability of nutrients (fertilisers, soil composition, and so on). Necrosis occurs when certain nutrients are not available, for example when concentrations of phosphate, potassium, nitrogen and/or trace elements such as boron, iron and nickel are very low. The pH value of the soil, attack on the roots by pathogens as well as the water and salt content of the soil can prevent uptake of these
essential substances even if they are present.
On the other hand, necrosis can also be provoked by a pathogenic infection, e.g., problems with fungi and bacteria (also viruses) can arise in the presence of excessive moisture, causing necrotic patches particularly on the leaves. Nematodes can also be responsible for necrosis.
In summary, it may be observed that necrosis (destruction of the turgescent cell tissue) is not a disease, but rather a symptom of diseases, deficiencies and/or stress.
Brief description of the invention
In view of the above, it is very important for the farmer to be able to detect damage to the plant cell structure (such as the beginnings of the necrotising process) early, that is to say before "brown spots" appear on the leaves, so that he can take appropriate steps to counteract these effects (such as changing the fertiliser concentration, changing the watering schedule, applying pesticides, etc.). Above all, he must also know the degree to which the stock of cultivated plants or fruit trees is affected. In larger fields, in theory each plant must be equipped with a simple and very inexpensive detector system that detects the earliest stage of the necrotising process, even before visible damage occurs (and the associated negative financial effects). The term "damage" is understood to mean necrosis and also the secretion of substances (e.g., resins, salts, oils) as part of a defence reaction to diseases or other deficiencies. Other reactions, which are also referred to generally as "damage" in the sample under examination may be a compaction/hardening of the cell structure, scale formation, discoloured spots on the leaves, discolouration/fading (oxidation), a change in the density, shape and size of the chloroplasts, or even a structural change (e.g., lignification of the cell walls, thickening of the cell walls). All such changes, or damage, may then be detected by suitable means.
One object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simple, inexpensive method and device that would enable early detection of damage to plant cell structures. This object is solved with the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims describe additional aspects of the present invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a method for early detection of damage to plant cell structures is provided. The method comprises the following steps: controlled application of a force with predetermined magnitude and for a predetermined period to a plant cell structure sample that is located between two contact surfaces and has an upper and a lower surface, and determining whether a change takes place on at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied.
For the purposes of the present invention, the term "controlled application of a force with predetermined magnitude" is understood to mean the directed, deliberate or controlled - as opposed to purely random - application of a force having a desired value (that is to say a value that is not created spontaneously).
For the purposes of the present invention, the term "plant cell structure" is understood to mean: a plant, a plant organ, plant tissue, multicellular plants, plant systems, cell structures (such as algae, for example), fungi, cell structures of various organisms, undifferentiated tissue, differentiated tissue. Specific examples include leaves, stems, fruits, peduncles, or roots. Hence, the idea that forms the basis if the invention is to induce a controlled change in the plant cell structure or a sample thereof. For example, according to the invention the occurrence of necrosis is induced in targeted manner. This is achieved preferably with a force having a value that would not cause any change or damage such as necrosis in a healthy plant. However, when applied to a plant that is already damaged, this deliberate pressure increase on the sample leads to a deliberately induced changed. This in turn provides early diagnosis of a state according to the invention.
In a preferred embodiment, the force may be exerted by two magnets positioned opposite one another. But the force can also be applied by an ultrasonic source or using gas or compressed air. According to a further alternative, the force is exerted via a spring clip.
Hence, according to a preferred embodiment, a change that is created on at least one of the two surfaces of the cell structure sample may serve as the basis for deducing damage to the plant cell structure. The step of determining damage comprises an evaluation step, for example. In this context, for example, the colour, configuration or shape (or combinations of these features) of the plant cell structure sample may be evaluated at the site where the force was or is being applied. The determination step (or in a preferred embodiment the evaluation step) may be performed while the force is still being applied in targeted manner to the sample, or subsequently thereto, immediately after the force has been removed, or with a time delay. It is also possible to carry out the determination step by exciting an ultrasonic signal by using a laser and detecting the ultrasonic signal that is generated thereby.
The force is set for example to a predefined value that corresponds to a pressure on the sample of the plant cell structure between 20 kPa and 1000 kPa. In general, the force should be set such that early detection of damage is rendered possible in the previously damaged plant cell structure where the damage is not yet visible. This may depend among other things on the type of sample that is to be examined and/or the type of damage that is to be detected.
The predetermined period of the targeted force application is in the range from one day up to about two weeks for example.
The predetermined value of the force and the predetermined period of force application are varied according to the plant cell structure that is to be examined with the method according to the invention. Alternatively or in addition thereto, the predetermined value of the force and the predetermined period for which the force is applied is varied according to the damage that is to be examined.
Evaluation is carried out for example with the aid of an optical magnifying lens. According to a preferred embodiment, this may be a part of the device used, as will be described hereinafter.
The method preferably also comprises the illumination of at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied. This illumination step is preferably carried out during the determination step. However, the sample may optionally be illuminated already during the force application period. Alternatively, the sample may be shaded while the force is being applied to prevent the effect of light.
According to an optional aspect, the method further comprises filtering a specific colour spectrum in order to amplify the discolouration caused by the application of force.
According to one aspect, the method further comprises organising or assigning the colouring, size or shape on at least one of the two sample surfaces to a specific type of damage to the plant cell structure.
The evaluation may be carried out with the aid of a calibration scale, for example. This may be supplied by a computer application for example. The computer may be a notebook, a laptop, a tablet PC or a smartphone. The computer application is configured for example such that it provides a suggestion for countermeasures when damage to the plant cell structure is detected.
The determination of a change to at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force was or is applied preferably reveals necrosis. The sample may be a flat sample.
According to a further aspect, the invention provides a device that is designed to enable early detection of damage to plant cell structures. The device is preferably a detector. The device comprises a first and a second clamping element. The first clamping element in turn comprises a first contact surface that is permeable for electromagnetic radiation, and a first force element, which is arranged on the surface opposite the first contact surface. The first force element enables electromagnetic radiation to access the contact surface. On the other hand, the second clamping element has a second contact surface and a second force element, which is arranged on the surface opposite the second contact surface. The device is designed or configured such that it is able to hold a sample of a plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces.
The device is set up in such manner that it is able to apply a targeted force with predetermined value and for a predetermined period of time to a sample of a plant cell structure with an upper and a lower surface that is retained between two contact surfaces.
The force is set for example to a predetermined value that corresponds to a pressure on the sample of the plant cell structure between 20 kPa and 1000 kPa. In general, the force should be set such that early detection of damage is rendered possible in the previously damaged plant cell structure where the damage is not yet visible. This may depend among other things on the type of sample that is to be examined and/or the type of damage that is to be detected.
The first force element preferably enables access for ultrasound and the first contact surface is also permeable to ultrasound.
For the purposes of the invention the phrase "permeable to electromagnetic radiation" is understood to mean that electromagnetic radiation with a certain long waveband is able to pass through the contact surface. In a preferred embodiment, the contact surface is transparent or permeable for the visible spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm. This waveband may also fall within a different range, e.g. infrared (700 nm to 1000 nm), ultraviolet (1 nm to 380 nm), or even microwaves (1 mm to 10 cm). One application in the infrared range may be thermal imaging, for example. However, detection methods are also conceivable in the ultraviolet range (fluorescence) and the microwave range (radar).
The second contact surface is preferably permeable for at least either ultrasound or electromagnetic radiation. The second force element preferably also has access for at least either ultrasound or electromagnetic radiation to the second permeable contact surface.
The applied external force of a predetermined value may be of an electrical, mechanical (e.g., spring) or magnetic nature. Ultrasound or gas (compressed air) applications are also possible. In order to apply the force of a predetermined value, at least one of the two force elements preferably consists of an annular magnet. Alternatively, at least one of the two force elements consists of a clip or spring clamp (e.g., microfix S (B3630Fz60), produced by Wolfcraft GmbH Kempenich, Germany). The first force element preferably comprises an optical magnifying lens, which is arranged in the access to the first permeable contact surface.
It is further preferred if at least one of the two permeable contact surfaces is made from a luminous foil.
It is further preferred if at least one of the two permeable contact surfaces is furnished with a colour filter.
The position of one of the two force elements relative to the other force element is preferably adjustable to enable the effective force to be altered. This may be provided by means of a screw thread, for example. The screw thread may be used for example to adjust the position of the magnet in the one clamping element relative to the mating clamping element thereof. The force that is brought to bear on the other clamping element by the first clamping element may be increased or decreased by varying the axial position of the magnet. For this purpose, the magnet comprises an internal thread, for example. This enables the distance between the two magnets to be adjusted. Since the magnetic interaction between the two magnets depends on the distance between them, it is thus possible to adjust the force and therefore the pressure on the sample in controllable manner by rotating the magnet.
If the force element should have the form of a spring clamp, the force may be adjusted via a rubber band attached to the rear thereof, for example.
The contact surface of the one clamping element is preferably the same shape and size as the contact surface of the opposite clamping element. Regardless of the respective sizes thereof, it must be ensured that a desired force or pressure can always be applied to the sample.
The upper surface of the first clamping element, and accordingly the upper surface of the mating clamping element, are preferably flat. But other, non-flat (e.g., rounded) upper surfaces are also possible, to enable measurements to be taken on other plant part, such as on a stalk, for example.
The device preferably has a width of between 1 mm and 40 mm in cross section parallel to the sample to be examined.
According to a further aspect, the invention provides a device that is designed to enable early detection of damage to plant cell structures. The device comprises a first and a second clamping element. The first clamping element in turn comprises a first contact surface that is permeable at least for ultrasound. The second clamping element comprises a second contact surface. The device is designed or
configured such that it is able to hold a sample of a plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first clamping element also allows access for electromagnetic radiation, and the first contact surface is also permeable to electromagnetic radiation.
The second contact surface is preferably also permeable for at least either ultrasound or electromagnetic radiation.
In addition, one of the two contact surfaces is preferably capable of holding an ultrasound source, wherein the ultrasound source exerts a purposeful or targeted or selected force on the plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces.
According to a further aspect, the invention relates to the use of the device according to the invention in the method according to the invention.
The invention thus represents a method and detector that are suitable for on-site use and are able to withstand variations and wide extremes in weather conditions (for example, sandstorms, wind, rain). A highly advantageous cost to benefit ratio is achieved, since significant damage can be prevented with the aid of a low-cost detector, for example in the context of large plantations containing several tens of thousands of trees, for example.
The invention is also advantageous because the method is not or minimally invasive, that is to say it only impinges on the plant cell structure at defined and highly localised sites.
Short description of the drawing
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the detector according to the present invention; and
Fig. 2is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the detector according to the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention
In the following, the present invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to embodiments thereof and the figures.
The arrangement on which the invention is based is represented schematically in Fig. 1. The principle is based on the fact that the process of necrotisation is accelerated in a small area of the leaf or of another plant organ by the application of an external force (possibly amplified by constant shading). Initial stress- or pathogen-related damage to the cell wall means that only very low Turgor pressure can be created (even with optimum water supply conditions). When an external pressure of suitable magnitude is applied to a small area of the plant organ (e.g., a leaf), the water is squeezed into the surrounding area, and the cell walls and cell membranes are damaged in such a way that the necrotic processes are accelerated by biochemical and biophysical processes (e.g., release of intracellular enzymes). After a certain time, the site turns brown (the chlorophyll that is responsible for photosynthesis is broken down), while the surrounding area is still green, i.e., the cells are still intact. As explained in the preceding, other reactions besides necrosis can also be caused by the described application of force, and these may also be processed with suitable detectors and evaluation methods to determine the possible presence of a disease or deficiencies.
Figure 1 shows one possible embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the device consists of two clamping elements comprising two small, annular magnets (2a, 2b) as force elements, each of which is insulated on one side by a permeable, mechanically stable foil or plate (3 a, 3b) as the contact surface. It would also be conceivable to implement only one magnet and produce the mating part from a non-magnetic metal. Moreover, it would also be sufficient if only one of the two foils/plates were permeable.
Leaf 4 is clamped between the two foils or plates 3a, 3b. In this way, a force or pressure is exerted on leaf 4 via annular magnets 2a, 2b. The force and consequently the pressure on the sample of the plant cell structure may be between 20 kPa and 1000 kPa (e.g., in the case of succulents).
In order to maintain the best possible control over the force applied, one of the two magnets 3 a, 3b might be constructed such that the distance thereof is adjustable via a threaded rod for example, in order to adjust the force that acts on the tissue.
The force or pressure may also be applied for a defined time. This time is preferably between one day and about two weeks. Said time also depends on the nature of the sample that is to be examined and/or the type of damage that is to be detected. In order to minimise the damage to the tissue, the detector system should ideally have a size from 1 mm to 40 mm.
If damage is already present, for example from disease or deficiency (inadequate nutrition), the controlled application of force causes necrosis and consequently discolouration to develop. This can be observed by the farmer through access 1, in this case an optical access, and he can take appropriate countermeasures.
Figure 2 shows a further embodiment of the present invention. Besides the features of figure 1, which are indicated by the same reference signs, this embodiment also comprises an optical magnifying lens or foil 5 integrated in upper annular magnet 3 a, which enables the farmer to see the colour of the leaf spot more quickly and easily. The leaf spot may also be illuminated by a suitable light source through the opening in the lower annular magnet 3b (depending on the observed waveband), so that colour changes are rendered clearly visible even in the early stage. Foil/lens 5 may also be provided with a colour filter that amplifies the specific discolouration of the leaf spot. Particularly in the infrared range described in the preceding, a leaf spot may exhibit striking highly visible effects when an infrared transmission filter is used.
Illumination may be supplied by a flashlight, the app on a smartphone or tablet, or by light emitting diodes or luminous foils (with e.g., battery connection or solar cells). The colour, size or shape of the leaf spot may also be classified according to a specific plant culture with the aid of a calibration scale, for example via a mobile application (e.g., on a smartphone or tablet PC) and assigned to the corresponding deficiency, pest infestation etc. A suggestion regarding suitable countermeasures therefor may also be obtained directly.
Tests have shown that a simple, extremely inexpensive detector system of such kind may be used to reveal changes in the stability of cell walls or cell integrity in an orchard at a very early stage. Necrosis takes place considerably sooner in the shaded leaf spot of the detector system than in the surrounding area, which show not visual changes for a significantly longer period. Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail with the aid of the figures and associated description, this representation and detailed description are intended to serve solely illustrative and exemplary purposes and are not intended to be limiting of the invention in any way. Of course, persons skilled in the art would be able to make modifications and variations to the present invention without exceeding the scope of the following claims. In particular, the invention also encompasses embodiments that include any combination of features that have been identified or illustrated in the preceding with respect to various aspects and/or embodiments. The invention also encompasses individual features in the figures even if they have been shown there in conjunction with other features and/or have not been identified in the preceding.
Furthermore, the term "comprise" and forms derived therefrom do not preclude other elements or steps. The indefinite article "a(n)" or "one" and forms derived therefrom also do not preclude a plurality. The functions of multiple features in the claims may be performed by a single unit. The terms "substantially", "about", "approximately" and the like in conjunction with a property or value also particularly
define the property or value precisely. All reference signs used in the claims are not to be construed as limiting of the scope of said claims.
Claims
Method for early detection of damage to plant cell structures, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
controlled application of a force with predetermined magnitude and for a predetermined period of time to a plant cell structure sample that is located between two contact surfaces and has an upper and a lower surface, and
determining whether a change takes place on at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied.
Method according to claim 1, wherein the force is exerted by two magnets positioned opposite one another.
Method according to claim 1, wherein the force is exerted by an ultrasound source.
Method according to claim 1, wherein the force is exerted by gas or compressed air.
Method according to claim 1, wherein the force is exerted via a spring clip.
Method according to claim 1, wherein a change occurring on at least one of the two upper surfaces of the sample of the plant cell structure enables a conclusion to be made to the effect that the plant cell structure has suffered damage.
Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the determination step comprises the evaluation of at least one features selected from colour, size, and shape of the sample of the plant cell structure at the site where the force has been or is being applied.
8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the determination step comprises excitation to generate an ultrasonic signal through the sample of the plant cell structure using a laser and detecting ultrasonic signal that is generated.
9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the force is set to a predetermined value corresponding to a pressure on the sample of the plant cell structure between 20 kPa and 1000 kPa. 10. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined period of time is in the range from one day to two weeks.
11. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined value of the force and the predetermined period of time the force is applied, are adjusted according to the plant cell structure.
12. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined value of the force and the predetermined period of time the force is applied, are adjusted according to the damage that is to be examined.
13. Method according to any of claims 6 to 12, wherein the evaluation is carried out using an optical magnifying lens.
14. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the method also comprises:
illuminating at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied.
15. Method according to claim 14, wherein the step of illumination is carried out during the determination step.
16. Method according to any of claims 6 to 15, wherein the method also comprises:
filtering a specific colour spectrum to amplify the colour created by the
application of force.
Method according to any of claims 6 to 16, wherein evaluation also comprises: assigning the colour, size or shape on at last one of the two surfaces of the sample to a specific form of damage to the plant cell structure.
18. Method according to any of claims 6 to 18, wherein the evaluation is carried out with the aid of a calibration scale, which is provided by a computer application.
19. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the computer application is set up so as to provide a suggestion for countermeasures when damage to the plant cell structure is detected.
Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the determination of a change on at least one of the two surfaces of the plant cell structure sample at the site where the force is or has been applied, indicates the possible existence of necrosis. 21. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sample is a flat sample.
Device for enabling early detection of damage to plant cell structures, wherein the device comprises:
a first clamping element, comprising:
a first contact surface, which is permeable to electromagnetic radiation; and
a first force element, which is arranged on the surface opposite the first contact surface, and wherein the first force element enables electromagnetic radiation to access the first contact surface;
a second clamping element, comprising:
a second contact surface;
a second force element, which is arranged on the surface opposite the
second contact surface;
wherein the device is designed to hold a sample of a plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces.
Device according to claim 22, wherein the first force element allows access ultrasound, and the first contact surface is also permeable for ultrasound.
Device according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the second contact surface is permeable for at least either ultrasound or electromagnetic radiation, and the second force element comprises a corresponding access to the second contact surface.
25. Device according to claim 22 or 24, wherein at least one of the two force elements is in the form of an annular magnet.
26. Device according to claim 22 or 24, wherein the first and second force elements consist of a clamp or spring clip.
27. Device according to any of claims 22 to 26, wherein the first force element also further comprises a magnifying lens, arranged in the access to the first contact surface.
28. Device according to any of claims 22 to 27, wherein at least one of the two permeable contact surfaces is made from a luminous foil.
29. Device according to any of claims 22 to 28, wherein at least one of the two permeable contact surfaces is provided with a colour filter.
30. Device according to any of claims 22 to 29, wherein the distance between the two force elements can be adjusted to enable the applied force to be changed.
31. Device according to any of claims 22 to 30, wherein one of the two force elements may be adjusted in terms of its distance from the other with the aid of a screw thread so that the applied force is changed.
Device according to any of claims 22 to 31 , wherein the device has a width of between 1 mm and 40 mm in cross section parallel to the sample to be examined.
33. Device designed to enable early detection of damage to plant cell structures, wherein the device comprises:
a first clamping element, comprising:
a first contact surface, which is permeable to at least ultrasound; and a second clamping element, comprising:
a second contact surface;
wherein the device is designed such that it is able to hold a sample of a plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces thereof.
Device according to claim 33, wherein the first clamping element allows access for electromagnetic radiation and the first contact surface is also permeable to electromagnetic radiation.
35. Device according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the second contact surface is permeable to ultrasound or electromagnetic radiation.
Device according to claim 33, 34, or 35, wherein at least one of the two contact surfaces allows an ultrasound source to be held.
Device according to claim 36, wherein a purposeful force can be exerted on the sample of the plant cell structure between the two contact surfaces by means of the ultrasound source.
38. Use of the device according to any of claims 22 to 37 for early detection of necrosis in plant cell structures.
39. Use of the device according to any of claims 22 to 37 for early detection of diseases or deficiencies on the basis of secretion of substances. 40. Use of the device according to any of claims 22 to 37 in the method according to any of claims 1 to 21.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013006350.7 | 2013-04-12 | ||
| DE102013006350 | 2013-04-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014167113A1 true WO2014167113A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
Family
ID=50693620
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2014/057427 WO2014167113A1 (en) | 2013-04-12 | 2014-04-11 | Method and device for early detection of damage to plant cell structures |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR095790A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014167113A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6208420B1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-03-27 | Satake Corporation | Method and apparatus for estimating quality of grains |
| US20040115755A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2004-06-17 | Croy Ronald Robert David | Method and apparatus for detecting response to damage and diagnostic method therefor |
| US7660698B1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2010-02-09 | Agrihouse, Inc. | Phytometric intelligence sensors |
| US20110049264A1 (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2011-03-03 | Dirk Zimmermann | Method and device for determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample |
-
2014
- 2014-04-08 AR ARP140101505A patent/AR095790A1/en unknown
- 2014-04-11 WO PCT/EP2014/057427 patent/WO2014167113A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6208420B1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-03-27 | Satake Corporation | Method and apparatus for estimating quality of grains |
| US20040115755A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2004-06-17 | Croy Ronald Robert David | Method and apparatus for detecting response to damage and diagnostic method therefor |
| US7660698B1 (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2010-02-09 | Agrihouse, Inc. | Phytometric intelligence sensors |
| US20110049264A1 (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2011-03-03 | Dirk Zimmermann | Method and device for determining a pressure parameter of a plant sample |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| LAURY CHAERLE ET AL: "Imaging techniques and the early detection of plant stress", TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE, vol. 5, no. 11, 1 November 2000 (2000-11-01), pages 495 - 501, XP055126255, ISSN: 1360-1385, DOI: 10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01781-7 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR095790A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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