WO2014161264A1 - 一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014161264A1
WO2014161264A1 PCT/CN2013/082225 CN2013082225W WO2014161264A1 WO 2014161264 A1 WO2014161264 A1 WO 2014161264A1 CN 2013082225 W CN2013082225 W CN 2013082225W WO 2014161264 A1 WO2014161264 A1 WO 2014161264A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
power
low
uplink
terminal
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PCT/CN2013/082225
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹建明
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014161264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014161264A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0069—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link in case of dual connectivity, e.g. decoupled uplink/downlink
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cooperative processing between a macro base station and a WCDMA low power base station, and in particular to a cooperative processing between a wideband code division multiple access WCDMA macro base station and a WCDMA low power base station.
  • These low-power base stations may be used for hotspot or hotspot coverage. Deploying low-power base stations can cause the following problems:
  • the uplink coverage boundary between the macro base station and the low power base station is relatively far from the downlink coverage boundary, that is, there is a so-called Large upper and lower unbalanced areas, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Large upper and lower unbalanced areas can cause users in the unbalanced area to cause great interference to low-power base stations.
  • the user load in the downlink coverage of the low-power base station is not high, it can be tolerated, but when the low-power base station has downlink coverage.
  • the uplink interference from the unbalanced area terminal UE may be affected, and the low power base station cannot control the unbalanced area UE, so that the low power base station downlink coverage area user is seriously affected by the unbalanced area user. Interference affects business performance.
  • the uplink power control is controlled by the low power base station, so the HS of the HSDPA user is The DPCCH uplink feedback channel power is low, which causes the channel quality CQI and the HARQ ACK/NACK response decoding error in the HS-DPCCH, so that the HS-PDSCH is retransmitted several times, resulting in poor downlink performance of HSDPA of these users.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and system for cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station, which can better solve the mutual interference problem in the deployment of the macro base station and the low power base station.
  • a method for cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station includes:
  • the macro base station and the low power base station respectively measure uplink power of the terminal;
  • the macro base station determines, according to the measured uplink power and the uplink power measured by the low power base station, whether the terminal is located in the unbalanced area;
  • the low power base station When the terminal is located in the unbalanced area, the low power base station receives the uplink signal sent by the terminal, and the macro base station sends the downlink signal to the terminal;
  • the unbalanced area is a portion where the uplink coverage area of the low power base station between the macro base station and the low power base station is more than the downlink coverage area.
  • the step of measuring the uplink power of the terminal by the low power base station includes:
  • the low power base station measures the uplink power of the terminal, and compares the uplink power with the power reporting threshold. When the uplink power is greater than the power reporting threshold, the low power base station sends the uplink power of the terminal to the macro base station.
  • the method further includes:
  • the macro base station transmits the feature information of all the active terminals in the coverage area to the low power base station, so that the low power base station measures the uplink power of the corresponding terminal according to the feature information.
  • the step of determining, by the macro base station, whether the terminal is located in an unbalanced area between the macro base station and the low power base station comprises:
  • the macro base station subtracts the uplink power measured by the low power base station from the uplink power measured by the macro base station, and obtains an uplink power difference value of the terminal;
  • the macro base station determines that the terminal is located in the unbalanced area.
  • the method further includes: after the macro base station determines that the terminal is located in the unbalanced area, the macro base station sends a notification message for separating the uplink physical channel and the downlink physical channel of the same radio link to the low-power base station, so that the macro base station Cooperating with a low power base station.
  • the method further includes:
  • the low-power base station After receiving the uplink signal from the terminal, the low-power base station forwards the uplink signal to the macro base station, so that the macro base station schedules the corresponding downlink signal according to the uplink signal, and sends the downlink signal to the terminal through the downlink physical channel.
  • the low-power base station and the macro base station belong to the same cell or different cells that belong to the same frequency.
  • a system for cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station comprising a low power base station and a macro base station, wherein:
  • the low-power base station is configured to: measure uplink power of the terminal, and when the terminal is located in the uplink coverage area of the low-power base station between the macro base station and the low-power base station, and the unbalanced area of the downlink coverage area, the low-power base station receiving terminal sends Uplink signal
  • the macro base station is configured to: measure uplink power of the terminal, and determine, according to the measured uplink power and the uplink power measured by the low power base station, whether the terminal is located in the unbalanced area, and when determining that the terminal is located in the unbalanced area, the macro base station is to the terminal. Send a downlink signal.
  • the low power base station is further configured to:
  • the uplink power and the power reporting threshold are compared, and when the uplink power is greater than the power reporting threshold, the uplink power of the terminal is sent to the macro base station.
  • the macro base station is further configured to: subtract the uplink power measured by the low power base station from the uplink power measured by the macro base station, obtain an uplink power difference value of the terminal, and compare the uplink power difference value with the boundary power difference gate. a limit value, when the measured power difference is greater than zero and less than the boundary power difference threshold, determining that the terminal is located in an unbalanced area, and transmitting, to the low-power base station, an uplink physical channel and a downlink for the same wireless link The physical channel performs a separate notification message so that the macro base station and the low power base station cooperate in communication.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of uplink and downlink boundaries of a macro base station and a low power base station provided by the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a network diagram of a macro base station and a low power base station deployed according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a macro base station and a low power base station jointly determining whether a UE is in an unbalanced area according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station for an unbalanced area R99 user according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station for an unbalanced area HSDPA user according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station for an unbalanced area HSUPA user according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a cooperative communication relationship between a macro base station and a low-power base station independent cell deployment and each regional UE according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing mapping relationship between uplink and downlink physical channels of two cells, a macro base station, and a low power base station in a case where a macro base station and a low power base station are in a separate cell deployment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cooperative communication relationship between a macro base station and a low power base station in a combined cell deployment manner and a UE in each area according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing mapping relationship between uplink and downlink physical channels of a cell, a macro base station, and a low power base station in a case where a macro base station and a low power base station are combined in a cell deployment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the macro base station is connected to the low power base station by using an optical fiber or a high speed microwave or the like.
  • the communication solves the interference problem between the macro base station and the low power base station unbalanced area UE by separating the uplink physical channel of the same radio link from the downlink physical channel.
  • the base station determines whether the UE is in an unbalanced area based on the uplink signal measurement.
  • the downlink physical channel and the uplink physical channel of the radio link established by the user in the unbalanced area implement separation between the macro base station and the low power base station.
  • the downlink physical channel DPCH of the radio link of the R99 user for an unbalanced area exists in the macro base station, and the uplink physical channel DPDCH/DPCCH exists in the low power base station; the downlink physical of the radio link of the HSDPA user for an unbalanced area
  • the channel HS-PDSCH/HS-SCCH exists in the macro base station, and the uplink physical channel HS-DPCCH exists in the low power base station; the downlink physical channel E-AGCH/E-RGCH/ of the radio link of the HSUPA user for an unbalanced area
  • the E-HICH exists in the macro base station, and the uplink physical channel E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH exists in the low power base station.
  • the macro base station and the low power base station are respectively independent cells or combined into one cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the steps include:
  • Step 201 The macro base station and the low power base station respectively measure uplink power of the terminal.
  • the macro base station sends the feature information of all the active terminals in the coverage area to the low power base station, and the low power base station measures the uplink power of the corresponding terminal according to the feature information, and when the threshold is reported, the low power base station will The uplink power of the terminal is sent to the macro base station.
  • Step 202 The macro base station determines, according to the measured uplink power and the uplink power measured by the low power base station, whether the terminal is located in the unbalanced area.
  • the macro base station subtracts the uplink power measured by the low power base station from the uplink power measured by the macro base station, obtains an uplink power difference value of the terminal, and compares the uplink power difference value with a boundary power difference threshold value, when the uplink When the power difference is greater than zero and less than the boundary power difference threshold, the macro base station determines that the terminal is located in the unbalanced area.
  • Step 203 When the terminal is located in the unbalanced area, the low power base station receives the uplink signal sent by the terminal, and the macro base station sends the downlink signal to the terminal.
  • the macro base station sends a signal for separating the uplink physical channel and the downlink physical channel of the same radio link to the low-power base station.
  • the low-power base station receives the uplink signal from the terminal through the uplink physical channel, and forwards the uplink signal to the macro base station, so that the macro base station schedules the corresponding downlink signal according to the uplink signal, and sends the downlink signal to the downlink physical channel. terminal.
  • the unbalanced area is a portion where a low power base station between the macro base station and the low power base station has a coverage area more than a downlink coverage area.
  • the low-power base station and the macro base station belong to the same cell or different cells that belong to the same frequency.
  • the low-power base station may include a baseband processing unit BBU and a low-power radio remote unit RRU, or may only have a low-power radio remote unit RRU, and does not include a baseband processing unit BBU, and the macro base station may pass the low A power BBU connection can also be connected to the low power RRU.
  • FIG. 3 is a network diagram of a macro base station and a low power base station deployed according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, one or more low power base stations are deployed in a macro base station cell coverage, and a low power base station and a macro base station are wired. A network connection is made by a transmission method (for example, an optical fiber) or a wireless transmission method (for example, a high-speed microwave). among them:
  • a transmission method for example, an optical fiber
  • a wireless transmission method for example, a high-speed microwave
  • the low-power base station is configured to: measure the uplink power of the terminal, compare the measured uplink power and the power reporting threshold, and send the uplink power of the terminal to the macro base station when the uplink power is greater than the power reporting threshold, When the macro base station determines that the low-power base station uplink coverage area between the macro base station and the low-power base station is more than the unbalanced area of the downlink coverage area, the low-power base station receives the uplink signal sent by the terminal;
  • the macro base station is configured to: measure the uplink power of the terminal, subtract the uplink power measured by the low power base station from the uplink power measured by the macro base station, obtain the uplink power difference value of the terminal, and compare the uplink power difference value with the boundary power difference threshold value. And determining, when the uplink power difference is greater than zero and less than the boundary power difference threshold, that the terminal is located in an unbalanced area, and sending, to the low-power base station, an uplink physical channel and a downlink for the same wireless link.
  • the physical channel performs a separate notification message and then sends a downlink signal to the terminal.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a macro base station and a low power base station jointly determining whether a UE is in an unbalanced area according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the specific steps are as follows:
  • the macro base station and the low power base station cooperate to measure and judge.
  • the macro base station Notifying the low-power base station of the feature information of all active users in the coverage area (such as the uplink scrambling code and the slot format, etc.), and the macro base station and the low-power base station respectively measure the power of the activated users in the macro coverage area (for example, the uplink of the UE)
  • the uplink power of a UE measured by the low power base station is greater than the set threshold (ie, the power reporting threshold), and the low power base station transmits the measured uplink power to the macro base station, and the macro base station compares the macro base.
  • the uplink power measured by the station and the uplink power measured by the low power base station If yes, and then the macro base station determines that the UE is in an unbalanced area between the macro base station and the low power base station, wherein the boundary power difference threshold value can be set.
  • the macro base station when the macro base station determines that the UE is in an unbalanced area between the macro base station and the low power base station, the macro base station will notify the low power base station of "uplink and downlink physical channel separation message", that is, the macro base station transmits to the low power base station for the same
  • the notification message that the uplink physical channel of the wireless link is separated from the downlink physical channel, so that the macro base station only sends the downlink signal to the UE (not receiving the uplink signal of the UE), and the low-power base station only receives the uplink signal of the UE (does not send the downlink signal) Give the UE).
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station for an unbalanced area R99 user according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a macro base station macro cell transmits a DPCH signal, Receiving a DPDCH/DPCCH signal; the low power base station receives the DPDCH/DPCCH signal but does not transmit the DPCH signal.
  • the DPDCH/DPCCH signal received by the low-power base station is forwarded to the macro base station by using an optical fiber or the like, and the macro base station performs uplink channel estimation on the uplink pilot Pilot signal included in the DPCCH signal forwarded by the low-power base station, and the decision is included in the downlink DPCH signal. How the TPC command is transmitted in the DPCCH.
  • the macro base station performs uplink baseband processing on the DPDCH signal forwarded by the low power base station, and then sends the DPDCH signal to the RNC.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of cooperative communication between a macro base station and a low power base station for an unbalanced area HSDPA user according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a macro base station macro cell transmits an HS-PDSCH/ The HS-SCCH/DPCH/F-DPCH signal does not receive the HS-DPCCH/DPCCH signal; the low-power base station receives the HS-DPCCH/DPCCH signal but does not transmit the HS-PDSCH/HS-SCCH/DPCH/F-DPCH signal.
  • the low-power base station forwards the received HS-DPCCH/DPCCH signal to the macro base station through an optical fiber or the like, and the macro base station responds to the radio link according to the ACK/NACK CQI TPC command included in the HS-DPCCH/DPCCH signal forwarded by the low-power base station.
  • the downlink HS-PDSCH data transmission of the information scheduling macro base station.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of a macro base station and a low power base station according to an embodiment of the present invention for an unbalanced area HSUPA Schematic diagram of the user's cooperative communication, as shown in FIG. 7, for the unbalanced area HSUPA service user, the macro base station macro cell transmits the E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH signal, and does not receive the E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH. /DPDCH/DPCCH signal; The low power base station receives the E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH signal but does not transmit the E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH signal.
  • the low-power base station forwards the received E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH signal to the macro base station through an optical fiber or the like, and the macro base station determines according to the E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH signal forwarded by the low-power base station. Transmission of the downlink E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH signal of the macro base station.
  • the low-power base station receives the uplink signal of the user in the unbalanced area, and can change the uplink interference of the unbalanced area user to the low-power base station into a useful signal, and at the same time, the low-power base station receives the user in the unbalanced area.
  • the signal is better, which can reduce the uplink signal transmission of users in the non-equilibrium area, thereby improving the uplink capacity.
  • the above method is received and processed by the low power base station.
  • the HS-DPCCH signal avoids the macro base station receiving and processing HS-DPCCH, and a decoding error occurs.
  • the method for the coordinated transmission and reception of the macro base station and the low-power base station for the unbalanced area UE is applicable to different cells of the same frequency of the macro base station and the low power base station respectively; and the macro base station and the low power base station belong to the same cell, That is, the case where the macro base station and the low power base station are combined into one combined cell.
  • Cell 1 has two types of radio resources in the macro base station. One is that the macro covers the uplink physical channel resource and the downlink physical channel resource of the radio link RL in the balance area, and the other is the unbalanced area RL and the soft handover SHO area RL. Downlink physical channel resources.
  • Cell 1 has uplink physical channel resources of the unbalanced area RL and the SHO area RL in the low power base station.
  • the cell 2 has the uplink physical channel resource and the downlink physical channel resource of the low power base station balance area RL and the SHO area RL in the low power base station.
  • the macro base station and the low power base station are combined into one logical cell, that is, the macro base station and the low power
  • the cooperative communication relationship with the UEs in each area in the case of the base station combined cell deployment is as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11. specifically:
  • the cell 1 has two types of radio resources in the macro base station. One is that the macro covers the uplink physical channel resource and the downlink physical channel resource of the balanced area RL, and the other is the downlink physical channel resource of the unbalanced area RL.
  • Cell 1 There are two types of radio resources in the low-power base station, one of which is the uplink physical channel resource of the unbalanced area RL, and the other is the uplink physical channel resource and the downlink physical channel resource of the low-power base station balance area RL.
  • the above technical solution can solve the mutual interference problem in the deployment of the macro base station and the low power base station, and the invention has strong industrial applicability.

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Abstract

一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法及系统，所述方法包括：宏基站和低功率基站分别测量终端的上行功率；宏基站根据其测量的上行功率与低功率基站测量的上行功率，确定终端是否位于不平衡区；当终端位于不平衡区时，低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信号，宏基站向终端发送下行信号；其中，所述不平衡区是位于宏基站与低功率基站之间的低功率基站上行覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的部分。上述技术方案能够解决宏基站与低功率基站部署中的相互干扰问题。

Description

一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及宏基站与 WCDMA低功率基站之间的协同处理技术领域，特 别涉及宽带码分多址 WCDMA宏基站与 WCDMA低功率基站之间的协同处 理。
背景技术
近几年移动宽带业务发展迅猛， 各种 3GPP制式智能终端 （手机、 数据 卡、 iPad等） 的数据业务井喷式应用直接导致热点地区数据流量呈现爆炸式 增长趋势， 仅仅增强传统的宏小区性能很难完全解决问题， 需要在原传统的 宏基站网络基础上提供新的网络解决方案。 移动通信行业达成高度共识， 釆 用在宏小区中部署同频的低功率基站 （例如 Micro、 Pico或 Metro基站） 的 方法来解决急速增长的数据流量需求。
这些低功率基站可能应用在热点或热区覆盖， 部署低功率基站会导致以 下问题发生：
1、 由于宏基站与低功率基站的输出功率相差很大， 而上行接收功率相差 并不大， 导致宏基站与低功率基站之间的上行覆盖边界与下行覆盖边界相距 较大， 即存在所谓的较大的上下行不平衡区， 如图 1所示。 这个不平衡区的 存在会导致不平衡区的用户对低功率基站带来很大干扰， 当低功率基站下行 覆盖范围内的用户负载不高时， 还能够容忍， 但是当低功率基站下行覆盖范 围内的用户上行负载需求较高时，会受到来自不平衡区终端 UE的上行干扰， 而低功率基站又没法控制不平衡区 UE,导致低功率基站下行覆盖区用户受到 不平衡区用户的严重干扰而影响业务性能。
2、在宏基站与低功率基站之间的下行切换区内， 由于对于服务小区是宏 小区的高速下行分组接入 HSDPA用户，上行功控受制于低功率基站的控制， 因此 HSDPA用户的 HS-DPCCH上行反馈信道功率较低， 导致 HS-DPCCH 中包括信道质量 CQI, HARQ ACK/NACK应答译码错误，从而使 HS-PDSCH 重传数次， 导致这些用户的 HSDPA下行性能变差。 发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法 及系统， 能更好地解决宏基站与低功率基站部署中的相互干扰问题。
为解决如上技术问题， 釆用如下技术方案：
一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法， 包括：
宏基站和低功率基站分别测量终端的上行功率；
宏基站根据其测量的上行功率与低功率基站测量的上行功率， 确定终端 是否位于不平衡区；
当终端位于不平衡区时， 低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信号， 宏基站 向终端发送下行信号；
其中， 所述不平衡区是位于宏基站与低功率基站之间的低功率基站上行 覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的部分。
可选地， 低功率基站测量终端的上行功率的步骤包括：
低功率基站测量终端的上行功率， 并将所述上行功率与功率上报门限进 行比较， 当所述上行功率大于所述功率上报门限时， 低功率基站将所述终端 的上行功率发送至宏基站。
可选地， 低功率基站测量终端的上行功率前， 还包括：
宏基站将其覆盖区域内所有激活终端的特征信息发送至低功率基站， 以 便低功率基站根据所述特征信息， 测量相应终端的上行功率。
可选地， 所述宏基站确定终端是否位于宏基站与低功率基站之间的不平 衡区的步骤包括：
宏基站将低功率基站测量的上行功率减去宏基站测量的上行功率， 得到 终端的上行功率差值；
比较所述上行功率差值与边界功率差门限值；
当所述测量功率差值大于零且小于所述边界功率差门限值时， 宏基站确 定终端位于不平衡区。 可选地， 该方法还包括： 宏基站确定终端位于不平衡区后， 宏基站向低 功率基站发送用于对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离 的通知消息， 以便宏基站和低功率基站协同通信。
可选地， 该方法还包括：
低功率基站通过上行物理信道收到来自终端的上行信号后， 将所述上行 信号转发至宏基站， 以便宏基站根据所述上行信号， 调度相应的下行信号， 并通过下行物理信道发送至终端。
可选地,低功率基站与宏基站属于同一小区或分别属于同频的不同小区。
一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的系统， 包括低功率基站和宏基站， 其中：
所述低功率基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 并当终端位于宏基站与 低功率基站之间的低功率基站上行覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的不平衡区时, 低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信号；
所述宏基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 并根据其测量的上行功率与 低功率基站测量的上行功率， 确定终端是否位于不平衡区， 当确定终端位于 不平衡区时， 宏基站向终端发送下行信号。
可选地， 所述低功率基站还设置成：
比较其测量的上行功率与功率上报门限， 并当所述上行功率大于所述功 率上报门限时， 将所述终端的上行功率发送至宏基站。
可选地， 所述宏基站还设置成： 将低功率基站测量的上行功率减去宏基 站测量的上行功率， 得到终端的上行功率差值， 并比较所述上行功率差值与 边界功率差门限值， 当所述测量功率差值大于零且小于所述边界功率差门限 值时， 确定终端位于不平衡区， 并向低功率基站发送用于对同一无线链路的 上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离的通知消息， 以便宏基站和低功率基 站协同通信。
上述技术方案能够解决宏基站与低功率基站部署中的相互干扰问题。 附图概述
图 1是相关技术提供的宏基站与低功率基站的上行边界与下行边界示意 图图；
图 2是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的流程图； 图 3是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站部署组网图；
图 4是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站协同判断 UE是否在不 平衡区的流程图；
图 5是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 R99 用 户的协同通信示意图；
图 6 是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 HSDPA 用户的协同通信示意图；
图 7是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 HSUPA 用户的协同通信示意图；
图 8是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站独立小区部署情况下与 各区域 UE的协同通信关系图；
图 9是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站独立小区部署情况下两 个小区与宏基站和低功率基站的上下行物理信道映射关系图；
图 10 是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站合并小区部署情况下 与各区域 UE的协同通信关系图；
图 11 是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站合并小区部署情况下 小区与宏基站和低功率基站的上下行物理信道映射关系图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细说明， 应当理解， 以下所 说明的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例通过光纤或高速微波等将宏基站与低功率基站连接以进行 通讯， 通过对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道分离来解决宏基 站与低功率基站不平衡区 UE的干扰问题。 具体地说， 基站基于上行信号测 量判断 UE是否处于不平衡区域。 处于不平衡区域的用户建立的无线链路的 下行物理信道与上行物理信道实现在宏基站与低功率基站的分离。 针对某不 平衡区域的 R99用户的无线链路的下行物理信道 DPCH存在于宏基站，而上 行物理信道 DPDCH/DPCCH 存在于低功率基站； 针对某不平衡区域的 HSDPA用户的无线链路的下行物理信道 HS-PDSCH/HS-SCCH存在于宏基站, 而上行物理信道 HS-DPCCH 存在于低功率基站； 针对某不平衡区域的 HSUPA用户的无线链路的下行物理信道 E-AGCH/E-RGCH/E-HICH存在于 宏基站， 而上行物理信道 E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH存在于低功率基站。 特别地， 本发明中， 宏基站与低功率基站分别为独立小区或合并为一个小区都是适用 的。
图 2是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的流程图， 如 图 2所示， 步骤包括：
步骤 201、 宏基站和低功率基站分别测量终端的上行功率。
在所述步骤 201中， 宏基站将其覆盖区域内所有激活终端的特征信息发 送至低功率基站 ,低功率基站根据所述特征信息 ,测量相应终端的上行功率， 上报门限时， 低功率基站将所述终端的上行功率发送至宏基站。
步骤 202、宏基站根据其测量的上行功率与低功率基站测量的上行功率， 确定终端是否位于不平衡区。
可选地， 宏基站将低功率基站测量的上行功率减去宏基站测量的上行功 率，得到终端的上行功率差值，比较所述上行功率差值与边界功率差门限值， 当所述上行功率差值大于零且小于所述边界功率差门限值时， 宏基站确定终 端位于不平衡区。
步骤 203、 当终端位于不平衡区时， 低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信 号， 宏基站向终端发送下行信号。
在所述步骤 203中， 宏基站确定终端位于不平衡区后， 宏基站向低功率 基站发送用于对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离的通 知消息， 使低功率基站通过上行物理信道接收来自终端的上行信号， 将所述 上行信号转发至宏基站， 以便宏基站根据所述上行信号， 调度相应的下行信 号， 并通过下行物理信道发送至终端。
可选地， 所述不平衡区是位于宏基站与低功率基站之间的低功率基站上 行覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的部分。
可选地,低功率基站与宏基站属于同一小区或分别属于同频的不同小区。 所述低功率基站既可能包括基带处理单元 BBU与低功率射频拉远单元 RRU, 也可能仅有低功率射频拉远单元 RRU,不包括基带处理单元 BBU, 所 述宏基站可以通过与所述低功率 BBU连接，也可以与所述低功率 RRU连接。
图 3是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站部署组网图， 如图 3所 示， 一个或多个低功率基站部署在宏基站小区覆盖范围内， 低功率基站与宏 基站通过有线传输方式（例如光纤）或无线传输方式（例如高速微波）进行 组网连接。 其中：
低功率基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 比较其测量的上行功率与功 率上报门限， 并当所述上行功率大于所述功率上报门限时， 将所述终端的上 行功率发送至宏基站， 此外， 当宏基站确定终端位于宏基站与低功率基站之 间的低功率基站上行覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的不平衡区时， 低功率基站 接收终端发送的上行信号；
宏基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 将低功率基站测量的上行功率减 去宏基站测量的上行功率， 得到终端的上行功率差值， 比较所述上行功率差 值与边界功率差门限值， 当所述上行功率差值大于零且小于所述边界功率差 门限值时， 确定终端位于不平衡区， 此时， 向低功率基站发送用于对同一无 线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离的通知消息， 然后向终端发 送下行信号。
图 4是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站协同判断 UE是否在不 平衡区的流程图， 如图 4所示， 具体步骤如下：
首先， 需要确定宏基站覆盖区域中哪些 UE处于宏基站与低功率基站之 间的非平衡区， 通过宏基站与低功率基站来协同测量判断。 具体地， 宏基站 把其覆盖区域内所有激活用户的特征信息 (例如上行扰码和时隙格式等)通知 给低功率基站， 宏基站和低功率基站分别测量宏覆盖区域内这些激活用户的 功率（例如 UE的上行 DPCCH导频 Pilot 的 RSCP等 ) , 当低功率基站测量 的某个 UE的上行功率大于设置的门限（即功率上报门限） ， 低功率基站就 把测量的上行功率发送给宏基站，宏基站比较宏基站测量的上行功率 和低功 率基站测量的上行功率 。 如果满足 ， 且 ， 那么宏基站判断该 UE就处于宏 基站与低功率基站之间的不平衡区， 其中， 边界功率差门限值 可设置。
然后， 当宏基站判断 UE处于宏基站与低功率基站之间的不平衡区时， 宏基站将通知低功率基站 "上下行物理信道分离消息" ， 即宏基站向低功率 基站发送用于对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离的通 知消息， 使得宏基站仅仅发送下行信号给该 UE (不接收该 UE上行信号）， 低 功率基站仅仅接收该 UE上行信号 (不发送下行信号给该 UE)。
图 5是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 R99 用 户的协同通信示意图， 如图 5所示， 针对于非平衡区域 R99业务用户， 宏基 站宏小区发射 DPCH信号， 不接收 DPDCH/DPCCH信号； 低功率基站接收 DPDCH/DPCCH 信号， 但是不发射 DPCH 信号。 低功率基站接收到的 DPDCH/DPCCH信号通过光纤等方式转发给宏基站，宏基站对低功率基站转 发的 DPCCH信号中所包含的上行导频 Pilot信号进行上行信道估计， 决策在 下行 DPCH信号包含的 DPCCH中 TPC命令如何发射。宏基站对低功率基站 转发的 DPDCH信号进行上行基带处理后发送给 RNC。
图 6 是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 HSDPA 用户的协同通信示意图，如图 6所示，针对于非平衡区域 HSDPA业务用户， 宏基站宏小区发射 HS-PDSCH/HS-SCCH/DPCH/F-DPCH 信号， 不接收 HS-DPCCH/DPCCH信号； 低功率基站接收 HS-DPCCH/DPCCH信号，但是 不发射 HS-PDSCH/HS-SCCH/DPCH/F-DPCH 信号。 低功率基站将收到的 HS-DPCCH/DPCCH信号通过光纤等方式转发给宏基站， 宏基站根据低功率 基站转发的 HS-DPCCH/DPCCH信号所包括的 ACK/NACK CQI TPC命令等 无线链路反馈信息调度宏基站的下行 HS-PDSCH数据发送。
图 7是本发明实施例提供的宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 HSUPA 用户的协同通信示意图，如图 7所示，针对于非平衡区域 HSUPA业务用户， 宏基站宏小区发射 E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH 信号， 不接收 E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH 信 号 ； 低 功 率 基 站 接 收 E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH 信 号 ， 但 是 不 发 射 E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH 信 号 。 低 功 率 基 站 将 收到 的 E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH信号通过光纤等方式转发给宏基站，宏 基站根据低功率基站转发的 E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH/DPDCH/DPCCH信号来决 策宏基站的下行 E-HICH/E-AGCH/E-RGCH/DPCH信号的发送。
总而言之，通过以上方法，让低功率基站接收不平衡区用户的上行信号， 可以把不平衡区用户对低功率基站的上行干扰变成有用的信号， 同时由于低 功率基站对不平衡区用户的接收信号较好， 可以减少非平衡区用户上行信号 的发射， 从而可以提升上行容量。
另外， 对于切换区中宏小区用户， 以上方法通过低功率基站接收处理
HS-DPCCH信号， 避免宏基站接收处理 HS-DPCCH, 出现译码错误。
以上宏基站与低功率基站针对不平衡区 UE釆用协同发射和接收的方法 既适用于宏基站与低功率基站分别属于同频的不同小区； 也适用于宏基站与 低功率基站属于相同小区， 即宏基站与低功率基站合并为一个逻辑小区 ( Combined Cell ) 的情况。
对于属于同频的不同小区的情况， 即宏基站与低功率基站独立小区部署 情况下与各区域 UE的协同通信关系如图 8和图 9所示。 具体地：
1、小区 1在宏基站中有两种无线资源存在，其一是宏覆盖平衡区无线链 路 RL的上行物理信道资源和下行物理信道资源， 其二是不平衡区 RL和软 切换 SHO区 RL的下行物理信道资源。
2、 小区 1在低功率基站中存在不平衡区 RL和 SHO区 RL的上行物理 信道资源。
3、 小区 2在低功率基站中存在低功率基站平衡区 RL和 SHO区 RL的 上行物理信道资源和下行物理信道资源。 对于宏基站与低功率基站合并为一个逻辑小区的情况， 即宏基站与低功 率基站合并小区部署情况下与各区域 UE的协同通信关系如图 10和图 11所 示。 具体地：
1、 小区 1在宏基站中有两种无线资源存在， 其一是宏覆盖平衡区 RL的 上行物理信道资源和下行物理信道资源， 其二是不平衡区 RL的下行物理信 道资源。
2、 小区 1在低功率基站中有两种无线资源存在， 其一是不平衡区 RL的 上行物理信道资源， 其二是低功率基站平衡区 RL的上行物理信道资源和下 行物理信道资源。
尽管上文对本发明进行了详细说明， 但是本发明不限于此， 本技术领域 技术人员可以根据本发明的原理进行各种修改。 因此， 凡按照本发明原理所 作的修改， 都应当理解为落入本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性
上述技术方案能够解决宏基站与低功率基站部署中的相互干扰问题, 此本发明具有很强的工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的方法， 包括：
宏基站和低功率基站分别测量终端的上行功率；
宏基站根据其测量的上行功率与低功率基站测量的上行功率， 确定终端 是否位于不平衡区；
当终端位于不平衡区时， 低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信号， 宏基站 向终端发送下行信号；
其中， 所述不平衡区是位于宏基站与低功率基站之间的低功率基站上行 覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的部分。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 低功率基站测量终端的上行功率 的步骤包括：
低功率基站测量终端的上行功率， 并将所述上行功率与功率上报门限进 行比较， 当所述上行功率大于所述功率上报门限时， 低功率基站将所述终端 的上行功率发送至宏基站。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其中， 低功率基站测量终端的上行功率 前， 还包括：
宏基站将其覆盖区域内所有激活终端的特征信息发送至低功率基站， 以 便低功率基站根据所述特征信息， 测量相应终端的上行功率。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 所述宏基站确定终端是否位于宏 基站与低功率基站之间的不平衡区的步骤包括：
宏基站将低功率基站测量的上行功率减去宏基站测量的上行功率， 得到 终端的上行功率差值；
比较所述上行功率差值与边界功率差门限值；
当所述测量功率差值大于零且小于所述边界功率差门限值时， 宏基站确 定终端位于不平衡区。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 该方法还包括： 宏基站确定终端位于不 平衡区后， 宏基站向低功率基站发送用于对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与 下行物理信道进行分离的通知消息， 以便宏基站和低功率基站协同通信。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 该方法还包括：
低功率基站通过上行物理信道收到来自终端的上行信号后， 将所述上行 信号转发至宏基站， 以便宏基站根据所述上行信号， 调度相应的下行信号， 并通过下行物理信道发送至终端。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任意一项所述的方法， 其中， 低功率基站与宏基站 属于同一小区或分别属于同频的不同小区。
8、一种宏基站与低功率基站协同通信的系统，包括低功率基站和宏基站， 其中：
所述低功率基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 并当终端位于宏基站与 低功率基站之间的低功率基站上行覆盖区域多于下行覆盖区域的不平衡区时 , 低功率基站接收终端发送的上行信号；
所述宏基站设置成： 测量终端的上行功率， 并根据其测量的上行功率与 低功率基站测量的上行功率， 确定终端是否位于不平衡区， 当确定终端位于 不平衡区时， 宏基站向终端发送下行信号。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的系统， 其中， 所述低功率基站还设置成： 比较其测量的上行功率与功率上报门限， 并当所述上行功率大于所述功 率上报门限时， 将所述终端的上行功率发送至宏基站。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的系统， 其中， 所述宏基站还设置成： 将低功 率基站测量的上行功率减去宏基站测量的上行功率， 得到终端的上行功率差 于零且小于所述边界功率差门限值时， 确定终端位于不平衡区， 并向低功率 基站发送用于对同一无线链路的上行物理信道与下行物理信道进行分离的通 知消息， 以便宏基站和低功率基站协同通信。
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