WO2014146140A2 - A mnemonic relative position international keyboard system set on new focus field platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a system comprised of a suite of tools and steps resulting in solutions and component attributes to optimally produce a writing instrument to serve the need for a small keypad on electronic devices in a global marketplace. Qwerty was designed for the mechanical typewriter age with an ad hoc arrangement of letters, which inhibits the invention of new devices. OrrPad maximizes motor-skill on the small platform to optimize a digital writing instrument for electronic interface, that best accommodates the world's writing systems, permitting a vast new ecosystem of devices. OrrPad meets the motor-skill and language needs for new devices and emerging global marketplace far better than Qwerty. Its small platform and optimized motor-skill allows typing accuracy on small devices, not possible with a micro-Qwerty, resulting in new devices and the possibility of an education in the pocket of billions of children worldwide, which the too-wide, two-handed, inherently poor motor-skill Qwerty prohibits. Children do not need a big two-handed keyboard, just an OrrPad as a typing device that enables proper and accurate typing, in the world's languages; that stores lessons in its drive, and serve as a combination mouse-keyboard that can connect to other PCs, monitors or web without the need for a big PC, separate mouse or big keyboard. Orr Pad keypad design logic is analogously equivalent to the potential benefits of proposing a metric standard of measurement over the arbitrary medieval standard of inches and feet. The Orr Pad system allows the construction of a matrix of human language on a tiny keypad that can fit on the increasing array of electronic devices, with one hardware software worldwide where each language is organized in a common way so memory-friendly that user can cognitively memorize the layout scheme at first use- in any language. The Orr pad system provides a writing instrument and communication tool for the electronic age in a global communication era.

Description

PCT PATENT APPLICATION versus 10x3 as a platform is analogous to base- 10 as a system for counting versus base-2 as a binary

Title: A mnemonic relative position International system.) Just as the Qwerty-style adds or subtracts keyboard system set on a new focus-field platform. the number of keys as needed. For example,

Inventor: Nancy Beth Orr, California USA Qwerty expands keys on a keyboard to accommodate function, punctuation keys, etc. OrrPad too, may add or detract keys as needed to ABSTRACT the 5x6 or 6x5 base for specific needs or devices.

The invention is a system comprised of a suite of In order to discover a platform for the optimal tools and steps resulting in solutions and digital writing instrument, all focus field grids that component attributes to optimally produce a approximately fit under one hand were evaluated writing instrument to serve the need for a small and the world's major languages and their writing keypad on electronic devices in a global systems were analyzed to find structural marketplace. Qwerty was designed for the mnemonic elements within each language to build mechanical typewriter age with an ad hoc a mnemonic pattern out of those elements for arrangement of letters, which inhibits the invention each, that best enhances memory and motor-skill. of new devices. OrrPad maximizes motor-skill on This task revealed that of all possible focus field the small platform to optimize a digital writing grids, the 5x6 or 6x5 format was the best platform instrument for electronic interface, that best for the maximum number of world's languages, accommodates the world's writing systems, while still being small enough to be used under permitting a vast new ecosystem of devices. one hand, or reached by one thumb. Some languages can be accommodated and claimed on a

OrrPad meets the motor-skill and language needs 5x5 and others could use larger platforms, such as for new devices and emerging global marketplace 5x8, 6x8, etc. The prior art reveals a few 6x5 far better than Qwerty. Its small platform and layouts in the Latin script, but all fail to adequately optimized motor-skill allows typing accuracy on show or teach how to create a global platform to small devices, not possible with a micro-Qwerty, serve as a digital writing instrument, of the world's resulting in new devices and the possibility of an key writing systems, with both Latin and non- education in the pocket of billions of children Latin keypads within one system, and provide new worldwide, which the too-wide, two-handed, systems for punctuation, function accents and inherently poor motor-skill Qwerty prohibits. special letters. An ABC 6x5 vertical or horizontal Children do not need a big two-handed keyboard, is also claimed without the cross mnemonic. just an OrrPad as a typing device that enables

proper and accurate typing, in the world's 2. A keyboard mnemonic of language languages; that stores lessons in its drive, and properties: A mnemonic is a memory aid of the serve as a combination mouse-keyboard that can many bits comprising a greater whole, whereby connect to other PCs, monitors or web without the each part has a relationship within the whole that need for a big PC, separate mouse or big keyboard. the brain recognizes, which by memorizing the whole, one memorizes the detailed myriad of

Orr Pad keypad design logic is analogously parts.

equivalent to the potential benefits of proposing a A melody, for example, is a mnemonic, as each metric standard of measurement over the arbitrary note is memorized as the details of remembering medieval standard of inches and feet. The Orr Pad the melody as a larger entity. Once one begins the system allows the construction of a matrix of song as a whole, the minute details are durably human language on a tiny keypad that can fit on remembered, often for life. If the same musical the increasing array of electronic devices, with one notes were to be scrambled, very few of the single hardware software worldwide where each units of notes would be memorized. Memory is language is organized in a common way so preferential to learning sequences, strings, blocks, memory-friendly that user can cognitively pitch patterns, cross-patterns or other patterns of memorize the layout scheme at first use- in any related units of individual bits of memes, while language. The Orr pad system provides a writing unrelated information bits tends to be discarded by instrument and communication tool for the the brain as orphans. The alphabet order is a potent electronic age in a global communication era. mnemonic string as it is learned when we are very young. The use of the alphabet on a two-handed

1. The OrrPad System is based on a 5x6 or 6x5

typewriter where the alphabet order is broken grid as the structural point of departure rather than

between two hands is harder to control as a tool. the 10x3 so-called "standard" layout. (5x6 of 6x5

Whereas the OrrPad presents the full writing set of letters under one hand on a focus field ready for seeks to maximize the memory of a brain-map of operation as a writing tool. Unlike Qwerty, that is the location of keys to enhance motor-skill. Each an ill-conceived jumble of letters with no OrrPad is a erne-Matrix on a focus-field small mnemonic whatsoever, the OrrPad system creates enough to satisfy as a one-hand writing instrument. mnemonic layouts where each letter has a One-Hand 5x6 or 6x5 Grid focus field enables qualitative relationship to all other letters in a the reach of all keys under one hand without spatial pattern that the brain recognizes. looking at the keys; much as an accountant can

The OrrPad organizes the world's writing systems keep eyes on a spreadsheet while rapidly operating mnemonically on the 5x6 or 6x5 grid in the best a ten-key calculator, because the calculator is meme-matrix layout possible to enhance motor- entirely under one hand and number order is skill. OrrPad balances a letter mnemonic with the relative. Eyes stay on the page, not looking at the neurophysiological and physical factor underlying keyboard. Users can look at the monitor, TV optimal human tool-use, as well as the modern screen if OrrPad is on a remote, pilots out the need to have a small keypad suitable for the window, or soldiers can keep eyes on their heads- electronic and Internet age, while reflecting up display while typing, not looking at the existing writing and language customs. A matrix keyboard. The 6x5 grid is claimed in this patent as of language values is identified in each specific a new use as an omni-mode global writing language or writing system organized in a instrument, but since mnemonic vertical finger mnemonic layout on the 5x6 or 6x5 grid or more assignments are lost, 5x6 is a second choice. grids if possible. Mnemonic strings or mnemonic Cross-Coordinate Navigation of vowels and blocks of letters sometimes cross-positioned, and consonants, or other Mnemonic blocks of other preferably with vertical finger assignments to sublanguage properties, as reference coordinates to system of creating mnemonic layouts in the create a relative position "map" to locate keys, world's languages by arranging upon the 5x6 akin to a musical instrument where each platform, the letters of each language are sound/letter has a predictable relationship to all organized as mnemonic grids, mnemonic blocks, others and to the whole.

preferably in vertical column finger assignments, The OrrPad preferred mode was selected for use and by other methods to create a mnemonic layout. by the blind. The layout can be cognitively

The OrrPad objective is to provide the ideal memorized at first use, and with minimal practice, writing instrument for electronic devices, that can it may be operated with one-hand without the need permits a new ecosystem of useful devices, to to look at the keypad. However, there are many maximize motor-skill and linguistic accessibility. other layouts also claimed within this system. The best possible technique to achieve the digital One Thumb Stamp and Masking mode allows writing instrument ideal is a small meme-matrix the keypad to be operated as small as a postage comprised of mnemonic threads of letters cross- stamp, if the software has an OrrPad claimed woven into an x-y grid, which confers geo-location "masking" feature, which masks all but a small attributes akin to the x-y coordinates of latitude point of finger contact to allow precision selection. and longitude grids on maps. Instead of numbers

Vertical Alphabet allows finger assignments to be imposed artificially on a map, the OrrPad

more readily memorized in alphabetical order. identifies intrinsic linguistic properties and

patterns of the writing systems of the world and Index Finger Fan layout allows the "smarter" arranges them into a mnemonic matrix unique to index finger the range of freedom to observe its the writing system of each language. Because the natural fan motion to cover keys of columns A&E. properties are already in the brain of the native

Thumb Sweep allows the thumb to access speaker, the brain will intuitively recognize that function keys in a natural horizontal sweep below each letter has a qualitative relationship to all other

fingers and in a natural Toggle between thumb and keys in a woven spatial-linguistic pattern the brain

fingers to alternate between functions and letters. will recognize through use, similar to musical

instruments, which organizes each sound to have a Key Assignment Load of each finger is qualitative relationship to all other sounds in a commensurate with the neural capacity of each spatial relationship that reflect those qualities. finger. A "smart" finger, such as the index finger Sounds are organized along a "spine" as a point of (due to higher neuronal capacity) has more keys reference all variant sounds, ideally in a grid. assigned to it. Whereas Qwerty has more keys However, on the OrrPad, language properties are assigned to the less coordinated baby fingers. organized as mnemonic strings instead of musical Global Language Scripts: For billions across the notes. Other keyboard layouts tout virtue based on globe, and for those who write in multiple frequency of use or other criteria, while OrrPad languages, this system can be applied to any script. An Education in every child's pocket worldwide calculate distances along a tidy xy axis, since keys is possible, as the OrrPad can serve as an are uneven and offset, and not even arrayed in a educational platform on handhelds to allow kids to tidy honeycomb. (2) Qwerty assigns the bulk of type correctly with an easy punctuation system on letters and shift duty to the pinkies, which are the a small hand-pad, rather than typing acronyms weakest fingers, and the fingers with the least such as OMG and THNX because Qwerty at 10 amount of brain matter dedicated to their control. keys wide is ill suited for handheld use. One (2) The 10x3 base requires two hands, which are cannot type a term paper easily on a Qwerty essentially two wide and fuzzy focus fields. (3) smartphone, but could with an OrrPad handheld. Qwerty forces us to engage the hands and brain in an unnatural symmetric use of the hands, rather

Universal Application of OrrPad is possible for

than complementary cooperation of the left and computers, TV, public kiosk, vehicle air or sea

right hands, which ordinarily is a hallmark of craft, or on any device (PC PDA/Mp3/Phone/GPS)

human tool use, ever since man acquired the to enable a universal input system.

ability to use tools. The human brain divides responsibility between the two hands: the so-called

SUMMARY:

less dominant hand (usually the left) The 10x3 base interferes with the brain's optimal preference

The invention is a global keyboard platform to use tool in a complementary rather than system. The OrrPad solves the need to provide a symmetric relationship.

small one hand or one thumb capable keypad that

can fit on the increasing array of small electronics The Qwerty layout is not an ordered system. It is a on which the Qwerty design is ill-fitting at 10 keys myth that it was designed to separate the most wide while the preferred embodiment of OrrPad is frequently used pairs, as the letters ER is the most a narrower 5 or 6 keys. frequently used pair in the English language. The

Qwerty layout was designed as a sales gimmick

A novel or new use of the 5x6 or 6x5 grid as a that put the letters that spell YOUR keyboard platform standard as the structural point TYPEWRITER on the top row so that salesmen of departure upon which to set the world's writing had two words they could type for prospective systems in mnemonic layouts that maximize buyers, to conceal from potential buyers the motor-skill and thus accessibility for both the able difficulty of using Qwerty.

and disabled, to create a global electronic writing

instrument to serve everyone. This small form- It is so difficult to memorize the layout of Qwerty factor makes possible a whole new class of even on a full size keyboard that before auto- computer products, promoting business and correct secretaries were needed to work fulltime to communication opportunity, and enables an type for others. Navigating "asdghjkl" or: education in every child's pocket worldwide. "zxcvbnm" of the "qwertyuiop" is difficult because there is no mnemonic pattern to help

FIELD OF THE INVENTION: memory. The Miss Nimble Fingers USA typing This invention satisfies the pressing need for a champion of 1952 needed 1 ,660 hours of practice small, comfortable, memory-friendly multi-lingual per year, for 6 years, to achieve her typing speed. alphanumeric optimized global one-hand keyboard Typing was so difficult that secretaries were system as an efficient writing instrument. The Orr essentially trained specialists at typing: hired to Pad one-hand form permits a new ecosystem of type other people's thoughts. The typist was so electronic devices. It increases access for the able valuable, they spent their time typing, not thinking. or disabled, on devices that are one or two-handed, Today, everyone needs to do their own thinking watch-sized, palm-sized, desktop or laptop sized, and their own typing for email, web, and document mounted, virtual reality, and in the small form creation. Kids now average up to as many as 100 much needed for the world's writing systems, the texts per day, most of which without correct new array of small electronic devices for billions punctuation, capitalization, or spelling absent of new users, and an education in every pocket. automated spelling correction. Students need a handheld that allows them to use it for educational purposes and to create bona fide documents.

PRIOR ART: OrrPad offers an educational tool in every pocket.

The 10x3 Qwerty-style standard keyboard base

Qwerty results in texting OMG and THNX on discourages, rather than encourages, motor-skill.

smartphones, instead of writing words out properly ( 1 ) The 10x3 base has each key in an uneven offset

or relying on predictive text correction. Micro- relationship to its neighbors, instead of a grid,

qwerty is a poor writing tool and discourages which discourages motor-skill, as the brain cannot proper punctuation. It thus cannot serve as a key that users adopt new skills every year, with every educational platform, as kids cannot write properly new product, so it is possible for the industry to on micro-Qwerty absent auto-correct, and teachers finally give the world a best mode writing-tool, are concerned about the negative impact it has on which would be a benefit to humanity; for the writing and typing ability of young people. example, billions of children could have an education in their pocket if they had a better digital

The QWERTY Division of Labor is a Problem:

writing tool allowing them to write properly, while TWO HAND FULL SIZE manufacturers better profit by opening a large new ecosystem of a new class of products to be made.

OrrPad can incorporate outside innovations into its system. It appears no one has hitherto recognized the potential of the OrrPad principles

and elements to the point of proving a viable platform system as Orrpad has done. Where there

As many as 21 keys are assigned to the right is the incidence of isolated 5x6 or 6x5 base pinkie finger: the shortest and weakest finger. keyboard layouts or other OrrPad features, which was not developed into a system, they need not be

One index finger or two thumbs carry the load on a orphaned. Suitable layouts or other Orrpad micro-Qwerty with one finger or the left thumb compatible features in the public domain or under assuming the greater burden. a prior patent can be incorporated into the Orrpad.

No claim is made for any prior art in the public domain that is incorporated or prior art that is

Mnemonic cross positioning: OrrPad teaches licensed into the Orrpad family. However, Orrpad how to weave patterns of the world's writing has advanced beyond the prior art, and has systems to serve as mnemonic keyboards. Each established its own claims including a new claim key or sound has a qualitative relationship to all of a platform system and a system for creating other keys in a spatial pattern, analogous to a mnemonic layouts. OrrPad substantially teaches its musical instrument or spatial location benefits of system, including why and how to draft mnemonic latitude and longitude. For example: keyboard layouts for the 5x6 platform.

1 . ABC and AEIOU are cross-position in latitude

Examples of devices on which OrrPad may be and longitude coordinates like GPS navigation.

applied: email and web capable phones, PDAs, This applies to Roman, Cyrillic and Greek writing

music players, navigation systems, all-in-one one- systems and their many derivative languages.

handed combination mouse-and-keypad for PC

2. ABC order is intact for vowels and consonants. (MousekeyPad), multi-function combination a A new column begins at each vowel. portable hard-drive with self-contained keypad

(OnePad), virtual reality SpacePad where one may

3. Each finger is assigned a vowel and all the

merely type in space, a WatchPad, an letters in that column. Thumbs control its natural

alphanumeric capable remote control or calculator sweep of functions and punctuation. Users will

and a musical instrument, etc.

acquire definitive motor-skill just be using the pad.

"Cross-navigational" coordinates, allows the brain Featured is an optimal method for organizing to maximally locate keys: mentally memorizing human language as a mnemonic matrix that allows the layout with one use and acquiring maximum a user to maximally memorize a layout at first use, motor speed with minimal practice. For optimal applicable to multiple languages, resulting in the memory, the pad is oriented vertically. achievement of a woven matrix of human language. Introduced is a cross-navigational

OrrPad does not organize all writing systems like memory mnemonic of blocked or woven threads Roman, Cyrillic and Greek. Korean cross- of linguistic properties applicable to multiple positions vowels and syllables without an languages. Proprietary methods teaches how to intersection. Brahmi OrrPads weave places of achieve Relative Position System typing whereby articulation, while Japanese is organized according each key and character has a maximal qualitative to vowel sounds. Chinese, Arabic and Hebrew relationship in spatial pattern of each key to all each employ unique layout techniques. other keys, akin to a musical instrument, thus

We all benefit if the world is Finally given the aiding user interface, cognitive memory, motor- option of a layout that can serve as a better one- skill and utility. Intervals of sound in a spatial hand writing tool. The industry already requires pattern are the two related mnemonic properties of how music is memorized by the human brain. The spatial, structural sequential, and linguistic OrrPad applies both properties by organizing the relationship to the whole. Through blocking and writing systems of human language similar to the cross-navigation, the Orr Pad gives each part way a musical instrument is organized. The (letter) a spatial and linguistic relationship to the OrrPad arranges letters of over 150 languages into whole in a system. Like GPS, RPS (Relative a mnemonic where each sound has a qualitative Position System) typing, with cross-coordination relationship to all other sounds in a spatial pattern. of references, establishes planes of latitude and longitude and allows the brain to maximally

Other features of the OrrPad system includes: calculate the positions of keys.

accent access methods, hardware design principles,

user skill principles, disability aides, a scientific Cross Navigational Arrangement of the Roman calculator, language matrix techniques and musical Character Set: Consonants are in vertical keypad, etc. The Orr Pad provides one keypad alphabetical order in columns begun with the worldwide that can fit on small electronic devices occasion of a Vowel: which are laid in horizontal or any application requiring keyed entry or alphabetical order serving as reference points. mnemonic display of letters. Each finger moves up and down to control the vertical domain of resident consonants below its

With less practice than on Qwerty, the preferred assigned vowel while retaining alphabetical order. embodiments of the Orr Pad system can be Vertical arrangement allows instant alphabetical optimally used one-handed without looking at the memorization of letter assignments for each finger. keyboard. This is useful at the desk for one-handed A keypad with an innate logic where each part operation of a keypad or a combined mouse-and- (letter) has a spatial and linguistic relationship to keypad for use by one hand; and essential for the whole as a system provides a mnemonic and mobile handheld PDA or phone units, GPS motor memory structure; and thus, the enabling of navigation in a moving vehicle; military blind and virtual reality spacekeypads.

applications and other one-handed, virtual reality

or sight-less need situations. English and the Roman character set is the base

with 1 15+ accents, to serve 48 languages and up to

Path of Invention: The invention is based on

2 billion speakers. Alternative character sets expertise in the acquisition of motor-skill and

currently offered and organized with a common analysis of the world's writing systems

logic include: Greek, Cyrillic, fully accented representing 50 languages and over 250 million

A Common Organization of Language- One

speakers; Chinese ideograms serving over 2 billion human brain has produced the myriad of unique

people; Japanese, 1 10 million speakers; Korean, and varied human language. The Orr Pad keypad

63 million speakers; Brahmi scripts with 1 billion system converts into practical technology a

speakers of more than 16 languages; Arabic, for common method to organize and present different

400 million speaking 27 languages; and Hebrew. writing systems on one keypad tool; that both

echoes the way the human brain innately organizes

Accent System- The Roman character languages language and reflects and respects five-thousand

(except English) require accents to understand years of local writing customs.

written communication. Orr Pad introduces a robust and highly intuitive accent system to finally

Orr Pad Mnemonic Blocking and/or Cross

make easily accessible the 100 or more accents of Navigation is a technique whereby linguistic

the Roman character set, accents for the Cyrillic properties are displayed in a block or pattern as a

character set and any other character set with their mnemonic aid; ideally in a cross arrangement of

myriad array of diacritics and special characters. vertical and horizontal coordinates to assist in the

This accent system includes an innovative location of keys. This is similar to astronomical,

Sequential shift key to access accents by tapping a celestial maritime or GPS navigation systems;

shift or option key to choose the desired accent except Orr Pad is somewhat like a musical

clustered on its host letter. The accent system may instrument in that each letter has an innate

be deployed as software on Qwerty systems as qualitative relationship one to the other by

well as Orr Pads.

blocking and crossing linguistic values rather than

merely superimposing a numbered grid as in GPS.

Hand Brain Language Tool Axis- The Orr Pad The use of linguistic properties make the Orr Pad

hardware preferences were designed informed by technique akin to a musical instrument in that each

the way the human brain and hand produces tool sound has a spatial and an innate pitch relationship

use. The homo-sapiens brain development of to every other sound and here each key has a increased lateralization, which enabled the fine Vertical movement is the "Y axis" of the keypad. articulation of tools, is a precondition neural Moving the typing hand horizontally on (the X change that allows the articulation of detailed axis) reduces motor-skill. Arranging most keys in language: including writing skill. Orr Pad research a vertical arrangement increases motor-skill. has produced a preferred embodiment, which

A World Language Matrix keypad enables a offers a one-handed pad to exploit this innate

Rosetta Stone type tool and writing instrument for human right-hand, left-brain Language Tool Axis.

either modern or ancient languages.

Finger channeling flow is vertical the way fingers

move with an open index finger fan to exploit its

Other Applications- A member of the Orr Pad range and relative neural "intelligence". All

system is a combination mouse and keypad assignments are according to the unique neural and

(mousekeypad) is introduced; plus the relative coordination capacity of each finger. The

spacekeypad, watchkeypad, Orr Pad scientific thumb movement is in a toggle and sweep

calculator, a MusickKeypad, Direct 411 Directory, consistent with natural thumb to index articulation;

and other accommodations for the blind, deaf and flow, strength and neural capacity.

paralyzed are given, and are so claimed herein.

Relative System Typing enables a Spacckcypad- 14. The charter of Orr Pad is to offer a design

Orr Pad relative position system typing, where and method to produce a global standard, motor each key has a unique spatial and linguistic memory friendly, electronic interface writing tool. relationship to the whole, enables a claimed virtual

reality spacekeypad where the user may merely

OrrPad solves problems of: ( 1 ) A small keyboard type in space, breaking electromagnetic or acoustic

(2) World languages (3) Mobility (4) Extended fields, lines, forces, signals or other; emanating

consumer use.

from a watch-like device or other, to achieve

proximity detection; rendering the user without the

Meeting Today's Public Need for:

need for a hardware keypad.

I - A world standard keypad system: suitable for all sized products, especially small electronics,

Vertical Assignment channels of the alphabet

accessible in all languages and motor-memory improves typing skill. This is because all fingers

friendly (so as to facilitate those learning) and to move relative to the forearm at the wrist and a

provide keyed entry access for as many people as single alphabetical mnemonic allows users to

possible.

know where letters may be found by finger

2- Access to keyed entry on maximum number of assignments for each mnemonic block. If the hand

devices; improved access particularly needed on remains moving up-and-down on the vertical

small electronics

plane, the vertical Y axis remains constant and

3- Access to maximum number of Languages on thus the frame of reference for the fingers (which

one master keypad design

move relative to the wrist) remains constant, thus

4- Access to language Accents to provide full significantly improving typing skill. However, if

access for language expression for indigenous the wrist is moved horizontally, sawing back-and- languages

forth, the frame of reference becomes more

diffuse, thus reduces accuracy of typing. For one

Problems solved by Orr pad keypad system: handed typing, a vertical arrangement helps

I - Small electronic access

preserve Relative Position references. All touch

2- One world standard keypad

typing motor-skill depends on the establishment of

3- World language access in small form a reliable frame of reference (the wrist in this case,

4- Language accent access

rather than the home keys are Qwerty) from which

5- Orr Pad mnemonic system allows keypad layout neural connections encode precise distance along

to be memorized at first use. This method is an XY axis for the neural connections to encode

applied to the other languages, which can also be how far a finger should move from the point of

memorized at first use.

reference to the target key. Preserving one axis

6- Improved cognitive and motor memory design (the vertical Y axis) allows the user to "extend"

to solve QWERTY's problem of poor typing skill. the frame of reference of the wrist to include the

7- Improved accessibility to the left-brain right- domain of the keypad. The domain of the keypad

hand language tool axis

arena is the reach of fingers relative to the wrist in

8- Improved use of the hand, its function, and its the vertical, rotation, and fan scope of reach.

conformation to an electronic keypad.

9- Informed by field research in understanding the neurophysiology of motor-skill. 10- Maximizes speed and ease of use matters worse; curiously, half of Qwerty is even

1 1 - Improved access by the handicapped honeycomb half uneven. This uneven offset

12- Improved accessibility for the writing systems arrangement of hardware keys is the worst of the world's languages. Thus improving access possible arrangement from which to establish to global education and preservation of culture. motor-skill. The most stable plane is the flat

1 2- Improved versatility: Can enable new products striking surface and yet, the original typewriter had and are so claimed such as novel: calculator, a an uneven strike surface as keys were graduated in Mousekeypad, a Musickeypad, a Spacekeypad. terrace relief where keys higher keys were Mousekeypad. Watchkeypad, etc. unnecessarily elevated- making motor-skill less

13- Standard text keypad interface to electronic likely still. It made it more difficult akin to the instruments such as scientific, medical industrial, way the most complicated multi-terraced organs robotic and military user interfaces. are more difficult to master than just playing the

14- Standard dispatch and inventory input keypad. piano on one horizontal "terrace" plane

15- Allows QWERTY and AZERTY etc. to be

used simultaneously with some of the features of The trick to assisting motor skill is to design the OrrPad. Allows concurrent use while hardware that establishes three planes of reference transitioning to the new standard. from which all keys may be found systematically:

1 . STRIKE SURFACE

Reference to "Qwcrty" in this patent refers to 2. VERTICAL SPINE for each finger to slide up and the 10 key across standard keyboard hardware base down according to the capacity of each finger. onto which may be placed Qwerty or any of its 3. HORIZONTAL PLANE in vertical steps according derivatives in any language such as Azerty, to natural finger reach

QwertZ or any character set of any language.

The flaws of Qwerty are as follows:

1 ) No Vertical Spine: Qwerty has keys that are not

only offset- but offset unevenly. Offset and uneven

are two separate flaws. Uneven or offset letter BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: positions are more likely to result in a more diffuse

memory. Fingers physically move vertically up Two Documents:

and down: like waving bye-bye. The whole hand ( 1 ) Devices upon which is placed a 5x5, 5x6 or must move to find keys on the horizontal plane. 6x5 OrrPad layout in various writing systems. Fingers waving bye-bye can easily find 50 keys Some devices are claimed as novel.

just by moving up and down without moving the (2) Sample Layouts in different writing systems. wrist, hand or forearm. The spine of any keypad is

the establishment of a straight vertical plane of

reference from which the user may slide up and

down to find all keys. Fingers on a keyboard

should be able to find keys by merely moving up

and down as the first plane-of-motion to establish

optimal motor-skill. Deviations from the vertical

spine should be secondary. On Qwerty every

motion is offset and or uneven on the vertical

plane. Just as a keyboard needs horizontal home

keys to establish a horizontal axis from which

fingers memorize all relationships- keyboards also

need a vertical axis as a frame of reference from

which to anchor memory of position. Establishing

a vertical axis by straight grid alignment is lacking

in Qwerty. Look at your Qwerty keyboard and

you will see the distances between the center of

the two superior letters of the ASDF row and the

inferior letters of the QWERTY row is offset and

uneven. It is not even a tidy honeycomb.

Additionally, he superior letters of the ZXCV row

and the inferior letters to the ASDF row are offset

in honeycomb. All of Qwerty keys are offset with

no vertical spine as frame of reference. To make OrrPad— Technical Specification Notes

Cross Coordinate Navigation along an xy axis is EXAMPLE ONE: CROSSING OF VOWELS AND a compelling technique for spatial location used in CONSONANTS OR VOWELS AN D SYLLA BLES: seafaring navigation, missile guidance, GPS and The three-vector matrix of a writing input system satellite technologies. where the order of vowels, consonant and syllables

Spatial location by cross coordinates may also be serve as Cross-Navigational matrix Orr Pad:

used in a writing input system for digital devices. Consonants are in vertical alphabetical order in Instead of imposing an artificial numerical grid, columns begun with the occasion of a Vowel: such as a numbered latitude and longitude for which are laid in horizontal alphabetical order spatial location, OrrPad is more akin to a musical serving as reference points.

instrument, which are hand operated musical tools

designed so that, each sound has a qualitative Cross-weave or cross-block relationship to all other sounds, in a predictable of writing-system values spatial location within a pattern, with an xy axis.

Each sound has a qualitative, and ultimately

quantitative, relationship in a pattern that informs

where to find all sounds relative to each other.

OrrPad organizes the world's writing systems

similar to a musical instrument. The elements of

the world's writing systems are mnemonically

organized in a pattern, within a predictable frame Vowel Order: Horizontal Longitude Reference of reference, to best enable the location of letters. Consonant Order: Vertical Latitudinal Reference

Each part (letter) has a relationship to the whole in 1. Surface Strike Plane of fingers serves as the a system. A keypad possessing an innate logic will first spatial point of reference for motor-skill. enable each letter to serve as reference points and

thus speed, comfort and accuracy. It also enables a 2. Vowels are placed in native order as a prime new class of electronic products. vector, at one side, top or bottom of the matrix.

Any sequential or informational criteria can 3. Consonants or Syllables intersect vowels in the establish coordinates for latitude and longitude and native order speakers learned as children.

become a cross-positional arrangement. A

numerical grid, sequential criteria, qualitative A consonant meme-block is begun at the structural features, or mnemonic strings of related occasion of each vowel, in alphabetcial order, to information can be applied to create a cross- creat a cross-coordinate nexus as a navigational navigational arrangement; including, but not reference to facilitate cognitive and motor-memory limited to the elements listed below: Horizontal:

• Motor Mnemonics · Cognitive Mnemonics · A B C D A E I O u Mathematical Relationships · Musical E F G H B F J P V Relationships · Linguistic Structure · Letters · I J K L M N C G K Q W Alphabetical Order · Alphabet Songs · O P Q R S T D H L R X Consonants · Consonant Order · Vowels · Semi- U V W X Y z M S Y Vowels · Vowel Order · Syllables · Phonetics N T Z

• Songs · Sounds · Rhythm · Rhymes · In the Roman Cross navigational Orr Pad, the Pronunciation · Words · Names · Meanings · navigational elements include the mnemonics of: Stories · Spelling · Acronyms · Compounds · ( 1 ) Cross-positional Navigation of (2) Horizontal Patterns · Numbers · Letter Shape* Keyboard Vowel Order and (3) Vertical Consonant Order in Shape · Key Shape · Key Color · Character or (4) Alphabetical order for both Vowels and Letter Frequency of Use · Piggybacking · Off Key Consonants, with (5) Accents found Clustered on

• Accents · Symbols · Character Shapes · Host Keys, accessed by a (6) Sequential Shift or Character Scripts · Strokes · Radicals · Onsets · dedicated Option Key(s) (7) on a motor-memory Diacritics · Diphthongs · Gutturals · Palatals · 5x6 or 5x5 one-hand focus field grid. (8) Blocking Cerebrals · Dentals · Labials · Sibilants · or clustering of four writing elements: vowels, Aspirants · Tones, etc. consonants, accents and punctuation. OrrPad- Technical Specification Notes

The cross position can intersect alphabetical order are more accurate on their better-designed musical such as "A" in AEIOU crossing with the instruments than with their typing skills; hour for alphabetical order of ABCD. The "A" holds an hour of practice. Even if they spend more hours intersecting position for both vowels and over a lifetime typing than playing music, the consonants in alphabetical order. However, music playing tends to be more error free than vowels may be simply laid in one direction their eternally error-plagued typing. Qwerly is a (horizontal or vertical) and consonants may be laid badly designed as a hand tool. The vertical cross in an oppositional order (vertical or horizontal). navigation keypad has the relative organization Because of the well-organized nature of the of a musical instrument, where each key has a Korean language a Cross-positional keypad relationship to the whole; along the vertical axis of natural finger flow; which provides the first

In the preferred embodiment: ( 1 ) Vowels are laid

reference in all instrumentation upon which motor- horizontally in a top block in alphabetical order.

memory can be fostered. Musical instru ments all (2) A vertical channel of consonants in

have each sound in a logical relationship to all alphabetical order begins at the occasion of a

other sou nds. This is why musicians can vowel. (3) The reverse arrangement is also claimed

ultimately be more accurate; even though whereby vowels are laid vertically and consonants

musicianship is a much more complicated task are laid horizontally with the apparent advantage

than typing. With the necessary practice, typing on of reading in the more familiar horizontal

an Orr Pad can be like playing music fluently. alphabetical order to which we are accustomed and

thus users might believe they prefer the horizontal

Japanese: A cross-navigational keypad in consonant with vertical vowel arrangement.

Japanese keeps perfect alphabetical order in four However the preferred embodiment for a

crossed dimensions (rather than merely the two of mnemonic keypad is the vertical consonant order

the Roman Orr Pad). It also blocks eight linguistic with horizontal vowels because of the fol lowing

values of written communication: vowels, and over-whelming memory advantage: a) Each finger

their descendant consonant syllables, diacritics, moves up and down to control the vertical domain

consonants, accents and punctuation. Plus radicals of resident consonants below each vowel. This

and their descendant character trees to vertical arrangement of consonant alphabetical

accommodate four scripts on the same tiny order allows the immediate memorization of the

keypad: Chinese, Roman, Hiragana and Katakana. letter order following under each vowel for each

finger. Thus, for example, in the Japanese cross-

The Process: Begin with optim ally sized navigation of vowels and syllables, the user knows

hardware: The I ^s' Orr Pad Meme Matrix all syllables using the sound of "A" falls in the

mnemonic aide is to choose a Focus Field by vertical domain of the index finger.

selecting a smaller-than-a-palm keypad hardware foundation with small fingertip sized keys

VERTICA L ALPH A B ETI CA L OR DER allows the user arranged in the preferred 5x6 straight grid so that to memorize finger assignments instantly. Motor- fingers can move in vertical chan nels with memory follows with actual physical practice.

additional punctuation, function, and accent keys easily accessed by a Thu mb Toggle & Sweep.

Natural flow of finger movement is vertical,

(like a child waving fingers bye-bye up and down).

Mnemonic Letter Layout- The 2^nd mnemonic is Thus, it is a vertical axis of finger flow along

the placement of Vowels in Horizontal which is best laid alphabetical order to promote

Alphabetical Order to establish a plane of motor-memory. Fingers are independent entities- it

longitude. Users can memorize the top 5 vowel is easiest to acquire motor-memory for each finger

letters instantly.

when each finger has its own easy-to-memorize set

of letter assignments along a clear referential axis. The 3^rd mnemonic is the crossing of the horizontal Anyone can instantly remember ADCD for the vowel plane by Consonants in Vertical index finger, etc. This is why "home" keys were Alphabetical Order. The user may thus simply identi fied, to artificially create a point of reference memorize that the layout of the keypad is: vertical from which motor memory is hung. However, the alphabetical order and at the occasion of a body has its own innate point of reference- the vowel a new row is begu n.

natural vertical flow of finger movement. As 4^lh Finger Assignments: Consonants in vertical evidenced in the learning of musical instruments, alphabetical order crossed with horizontal vowels motor-memory is expedited, when one in alphabetical order allows instant memorization cognitively memorizes the finger assignments of the letter assignment for each finger.

before attempting practice. Musicians attest they OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes

As each finger descends in its natural channel Information may be blocked horizontally or of movement, the user knows the top vowel vertically in relative positions that enhance utility. begins the alphabetical sequence of consonants for In an Orr Pad blocking is an important tool (and each finger. The mnemonic follows the alphabet the choice of what and how to block) to enable a song sequence we all remember from childhood. keypad with greater economic, mnemonic or ergonomic value than the Qwerty arrangement.

Claim 2: A blocking arrangement with cross of

blocks of letters to create a cognitive mnemonic Korean Samples of blocked Orr Pad grids: to assist in the navigation on a keypad for input All Horizontal Korean: Vertical Vowel Sidebar: into electronic devices Blocking of information

with or without cross-position of blocks or

intersected cross-coordinate navigational weaves

as a technique to create a mnemonic and navigable

matrix grid of human language or other

information:

A crossed or blocked positional arrangement of

values such as vowels and consonants or syllables

(or other information set) cluster blocked possibly Conversely, Japanese, Roman, Greek and Cyrillic intersected to create a navigational tool to assist in have an alphabetical order where vowels happen to the location of characters or symbols on a intersperse the consonant order very four or six keyboard or other product with an array of letters in a single sequence to permit a cross- information. Studies show remembering blocks of navigational mnemonic.

information of units of 5 to 7 items is easiest.

Additionally, crossed information, preferably In Korean, the language the order of vowels and intersected, maximizes ease of navigation. consonants is learned by rote in a separate Blocking, unitizing to 5-7, cross positioning and sequence rather than in one consecutive sequence, where possible- with intersecting weaves, thus a blocked rather than intersected arrangement produces the most navigable matrix of on a small keypad. If vowels were interspersed in information. Orr Pad provides a system to create a one sequence, intersection would be possible or if flexible and maximally navigable matrix of world the keypad was very large, then Korean can be language on a keypad. Claimed is the system and displayed cross-navigationally with all 140 its individual component techniques. syllable sounds found where their component vowels and consonants intersect as phoneme. (See

(a) Grid with intersected information blocks Korean section of this patent). However, a grid of (AEIOU intersect alphabetically with consonants.) 140 syllables is too large. Since this full display is In this case, a new column of the matrix grid is too large for small electronic units, the inventor begun at the occasion of a vowel preserving has produced a blocked mnemonic method.

alphabetical order of both vowels and consonants

on a grid; thus making cross-navigation latitude (c) Cross Blocking with or without intersection is and longitude references and intersections on a when a block of information is in one direction keypad possible. and the other block runs in the opposite direction.

Roman Vertical or Horizontal Alphabetical Order Cross-blocked example: Blocked example:

Horizontal Vowel w/

Vertical Consonant: All Vertical Korean:

(b) Positional blocking without intersection:

Where intersection is not possible information may

be organized by the positional blocking of

information as a mnemonic aid, (such as vowels The cross blocking occurs naturally in intersected versus consonants or syllables; on sides or top and matrices such as the Roman, Cyrillic, Greek, bottom or other pattern within a matrix. OrtPad - Technical Specification Notes

Japanese, Brahmi; and partially in Arabic and be preferred and is also claimed when blocking on Hebrew. Cross blocking in a matrix where there is a keypad grid is employed.

no intersection would be selected to more closely

comply to the logic of a world standard of a cross- On a keypad, the surface plane of keys, or the navigational language matrix. However, it is not breaking of a signal plane with the movement of a required, as the all vertical Korean still complies to finger, is plane number one with two or more the matrix vertical channeling feature ideal for cross-coordinates; which may or may not intersect, space-keypads, where a user merely types in space. to establish a useful organizational mnemonic of Additionally, the vertical pairings are related to letters or other information.

one another in shape and sound, while the

horizontal vowel layout, though more familiar and HORIZONTAL, & VERTICAL ORGANIZATION IN more akin to the horizontal disposition of other OTHER LANGUAGE C HA RACTE R SETS: PART 2 language keypads, the horizontal breaks the vowel

"X" and "Y" cross coordinates of writing system sound pairing between the 5^lh and 6^lh vowels while

elements were found by the inventor in over 100 the vertical preserves this relationship in an

languages, however not al l of the patterns in the extremely fast and tidy mnemonic; which still ends

varying languages are of the crossing of vowels up reading left to right, and the vertical aspect is in

and consonants at a nexus point. For example keeping with the fact that Korean was originally

Korean is organized where vowels and consonant written vertically and still is done so in

order are in separate sequences as a table. Thus, applications that have remained in the vertical

the Korean OrrPad results in not one, but many custom. Both are possible, and claimed.

possible patterns of block n patterns of blocks of vertical and horizontal vowels and consonants to

See Korean section for its Preferred Embodiments

produce syllables.

Japanese weaves threads of vowels, syllables and

The two best Korean solutions are the adoption of

diacritics; and, unlike in English, the Japanese either 2 horizontal rows of vowels with broken

OrrPad also allows all syllable sounds of each vowel meme pairs or the preferred embodiment

vowel to be assigned to one descending finger and below of 5 double vowel memes that preserves

remarkably those syllable sounds can remain in both traditional Korean order and the global

alphabetical order.

Romanized position of "A" in the far left corner.

One human brain with a neural capacity for

Korean Preferred Embodiment:

language produced all of the disparate languages of the world. But these languages of the world are exactly that- disparate- and distinctly different one from the other. Thus, each language OrrPad is quite different reflecting the unique organization of each language system. The Orr Pad employs a system of organizing the different linguistic values of a given language into some kind of woven entity whereby values of that language are displayed as a mnemonic weave of that language.

Any VOWE L ORDER or REASSIGNMENT

Vowels are encircled and comprise two rows or In the Orr Pad, vowel order is often used as a columns. As in other Orr Pads, vowels, mnemonic thread for use in a weave. Orr Pad consonants, syllables or other linguistic values reflects the fact that vowels in the various may be blocked vertically or horizontally or as a languages are di fferent in their disposition and combination of vertical and horizontal. Blocking organization and thus recommends placing a high can place the vowel block (or other linguistic value on arranging vowel order according to the values such as diacritics) at the sides or bottom. traditional custom of native speakers.

Blocking is also claimed if a blocked arrangement

of characters is placed on the Qwerty style Music as a Mnemonic: A powerful mnemonic is keyboard hardware. the song each child sings to leam the alphabet of the script of their language. A song better encodes

Preference in blocking should be given to the memory of sequential order than merely flatly alphabetical order, but in special instances, when droning the alphabet sequence because the up and weighing competing values, breaking order may down sounds of the letters forms a cross-position OrrPad— Technical Specification Notes matrix on a spine of time duration, along which syllables that begin with the 9 vertical consonant each sound goes up or down in pitch. Written sounds: KST-NHM-YRW.

music reflects this as an xy axis chart of the pattern

of pitch along an axis of time duration. If the This "cross" of 5 vowels and 9 consonant sounds alphabet were taught with no song, just as a single is all the Japanese need to remember in order to flat string, with no vertical pitch, the alphabet learn every syllable possible in Japanese language: string would be much harder to memorize; like

remembering the sequence of the numbers of Pi. A I U E O

The matrix of pitch along the spine of duration K

creates a mnemonic structural matrix that helps us s

memorize the sounds and letters. Additionally, T

alphabet songs are our earliest and first exposure N

to the alphabet and therefore the most durable H

language mnemonic for each of us. M

can leam the cross-weave above les shown in the table below:

Inherent Mnemonic Cross Weave of Song A I U E O

Vertical Spine: Up-and-down changes in pitch. Ka Ki Ku Ke Ko

Horizontal Thread: Progression in time and lyric Sa Si Su Se So

Ta Ti Tu Tc To

A song illustrates the mnemonic power of crossed N;i Ni Nu Ne No

X and Y threads of information. The vertical spine Ha Hi Hu He Ho

(pitch) woven with a horizontal "string" (time Ma Mi Mu Me Mo

progression of connected meaning) In this case Ya Yi Y Ye Yo

where there is no lyric, the vertical spine of pitch Ra Ri Ru Re Ro

crosses just a progressive (time) thread of an Wa Wi Wu We Wo otherwise disconnected string of information

(alphabet) which becomes connected to the pitch The OrrPad organizes a matrix of the human thread to eventually become a meaningful thread. language writing systems of the world.

The changes in pitch allows us to more easily

memorize a string of information of otherwise A fullly cross-woven Japanese OrrPad might look unrelated letters. If mathematics were taught using like this: Vowels in red. Black are syllables. song- or crossed mnemonics of any kind- learning

would be enhanced. OrrPad has invented and

encourages the implementation of mnemonic

cross-weaving of language values on keypads to

thus capitalize on the mnemonic and navigational

advantage of cross positional arrangement. Both

cognitive memory and motor-skill navigation are

maximized when cross-woven patterns of

mnemonic threads are used.

Languages that are organized and taught with an

XY cross of linguistic values do not need an

alphabet song. For example, Japanese needs no

alphabet song if a mnemonic is taught to children

which established a weave of vowels crossed with

consonants to create syllables. In Japanese, a

horizontal axis can be established by 5 vowels

AIUEO crossed with 9 vertical consonants sounds

beginning with: ST-NHM-YRW. Each row

repeats 5 vowel sounds to create the 48 Japanese OrrPad - Technical. Specification Notes

Notice the Roman alphabet is an alternate script on maximizing consistency of resonant letter the Japanese OrrPad. It is cross-woven here placement from one language to another.

weaving vowels with consonants descending from

each vowel in alphabetical order. Each column The Orr Pad system weighs values and depending begins at the occasion of a vowel. on the use and need of the manufacturer marries the competing values into a compromise. Thus,

OrrPad favors the order that follows tradition vowel order may be approximate or rearranged in as close as possible for the native speaker. OrrPad any order such as AIUEO, UOIEA, AEIOY, does not routinely conform vowels or other letters AEIOUY, and is so claimed in this patent according to Roman custom such as found on application or other combinations OR order of other keypads where sounds of other languages are vowels as appropriate to the language or use. required to fit to Roman custom. Remarkably, Vowel order may be in the order customary to the OrrPad has been very successful in managing to particular language or rearranged to afford a better find a pattern that preserves native order that fit or accommodation to the keypad or partner resonates with the order of other languages. This languages of the keypad. A claim is made for any is principally because the diverse human languages order of the vowels in any language character set. were produced by one human brain and the human Vowel order examples are given below. Order may brain organizes language the same way with be rearranged or omitted per the linguistic or space diverse manifestation. The trick was to recognize demands of the particular keypad. Traditional primary patterns of human language that could be order strings as point of departure used in OrrPad found in all languages. For example, all given below:

languages have vowels. Many languages have

more than 5 vowels. For example, Korean has 10 1 - Latin Vowel order: A E I O U

vowels. However, all vowels roughly correspond

2- Greek Vowel order: A E I O Y

or descend from 5 vowels sounds.

3- Cyrillic Vowel order:

There has been a fashion whereby keypads have A E £ iVi ¾ O Y BI I0 3 iI been conforming other languages to the English or

4- Chinese "Vowel" order:

Roman order. This is not necessary, however if

(Bopomofo and Pinyin)

preferred by a client; a claim is made for OrrPad

keypads that make other languages conform to the

5- Japanese Vowel order:

Roman order or English phonetic sound. Example

given below in Japanese: &> 7 Translating to: (A I V E O).

Instead of traditional Japanese order below which

6- Korean Vowel order:

OrrPad favors preserving:

} > 1 i _{* *} „. -n _ 1 fc ^ 5 . ο Translating to: (A I U E O).

(a) (ya) (o) (yo) (o) (yo) (u) (yu) (u) (i)

Also is claimed in an OrrPad where the order of

characters is made to conform to English sounds or 7- Hindi Vowel order:

Roman alphabet order; for example:

¾> X. ^ -}o 5 Translating to: (A E I O U).

(a ½a) (i ee) (ou uu) (ae aae) (o ou)

Also claimed is the Orrpad where English or

Roman order is made to conform to the order of

Cross Navigation in Other Languages: cross- other languages.

blocking navigational techniques can be used in other languages and are also claimed.

OrrPad favors preserving native order for the

market of native speakers because it is preferable Example 2: In Japanese, a cross arrangement of to their needs and their mnemonic linguistic Vowels and Sounds or Syllables may be used for threads. Furthermore, children bom into that navigation and is claimed in this patent.

language will continue to learn traditional order: if

for no other reason than that dictionaries, name Example 3: In Korean, Vowels and Consonants directories and encyclopedias, etc are already in may be arranged horizontally and vertically to the traditional alphabetical order. Children must significantly improve navigation. It does not have learn that order to easily use references traditional a cross point like the Roman or Japanese cross to their native tongue. Besides, the Orr Pad navigation Orr Pad. Korean has the next best design, more than any other design possible, thing; which is a horizontal arrangement of vowels preserves native order as much as possible while and a vertical arrangement of consonants. An OrrPad- Technical Specification Notes integrated cross-navigational weave with a mnemonic, thumb toggle. The only advantage of common axis point such as found in the Roman, Example 2 is a horizontal reading of alphabetical Greek, Cyrillic and Japanese Orr Pads is not on the order seems more familiar; but it is ultimately far Korean keypad. Instead, the Korean Orr Pad less mnemonically functional.

enjoys benefits of cross arrangement without an

integrated axis point of a woven pattern. 3b. CROSSING of Vowels and Alphabet Order is C LAIMED -The crossing of vowel order and

Claim 3 - A keypad layout of letters with the alphabet order is claimed in any direction or shape CROSSING of VOWEL and CONSONANT arranged in any orientation: vertical, horizontal, ORDER as a letter arrangement. mirror, upside-down, diagonal, offset, curvilinear,

The cross-navigational Vowel Consonant Orr Pad 3-D, varying sizes, key distances, changes in key has a keypad arrangement whereby the keypad shape or tactile quality, etc.

reads its letters in alphabetical order with a special

difference: at the occasion of a vowel a new ROMAN FOCUS FI ELD G RI DS :

column or row is begun. While maintaining The current typing standard is a wide 10x3 Qwerty maximum alphabet order, a new row is begun at keyboard. The OrrPad introduces a new standard each vowel, thereby creating an intersection of two for the Internet and small electronics age, by reuniversally known, powerfully retained, childhood ordering writing systems to fit beneath one thumb. mnemonics to aid in the memory of the location of OrrPad identifies one "focus field" or more, if they keys: the alphabet song of letter order and vowel exist, to underserve the language matrix for a one- order; Roman alphabet letters include: A E I O U thumb writing tool. Focus field layouts have been as the vowel-set for the alphabetical order of: A B identified in all world scripts and most languages. C D E F G H I J K L O N P Q R S T U V W X In another section of this patent find the discussion Y Z. Other letters, languages, and language of the theory of how to create a digital writing characters may be applied to this system and are so instrument and the task of identifying all focus claimed. fields and best mode. In the Roman Accent section find a full comparison of this system set of 8

Example 1 : Example 2

claimed Roman alphabet focus field layouts:

5x6 6x5

A E 1 O U A B C D

Roman Focus Field Grids with Layouts

B F J P V E F G H

Also claimed w/ any piggies

C G K Q w 1 J K L M N

5x6 6x5

D H L R X O P Q R S T

A E 1 o 11 A B C D

M S Y U V W X Y z

B F J P V E F G H

N T z

C G K Q w I J K L M N

D H L R X o P Q R S T

The above Example 1 Orr Pad features the

M

mnemonic ideals of: s Y U V w X Y z

N T z

A Focus Field (2) arranged as a Grid, (3) smaller

5x6 5x6 4x7 than a palm sized (4) with letters presented in the

A B C D E A B C D E A B C D

alphabetical-order when possible including: (5)

F G H I J F G H I J E F G H

Vertical alphabetical order of letters in (6) Vertical

K L M N o K L N O I J K L finger channels, featuring (7) Cross-navigational

P Q R S T P Q R S T M N O P

coordinates by juxtaposing (8) A lphabetical order

U V W X Y U V W X Y

of vowels serving as end row horizontal Q R S T z z U V W X coordinates against (9) a vertical and discrete

Y z main body of consonants also in alphabetical

5x6 5x5 w/ 1

order. ( 10) Ideally, with a shared intersecting axis p'ggy 4x7

A F K P u A F K P u A G M T of mnemonic meaning at the horizontal and

B G L G L

vertical point of juxtaposition of the referential Q V B Q V B H N U

C H M R w C H M R w C I 0 V navigational coordinates with ( 1 1 ) extra key

D I N S X D 1 N S X D J P w spaces available for dedicated accent or

E J 0 T Y E J O T Yz E K Q X punctuation keys which can be accesses by a ( 1 2)

z F L R Y thumb toggle or sweep.

s z

Example 2 shares all features except: it is (Sec Roman Accents for a comparison of layouts) unnecessarily wider, and no vertical alphabetical All layouts above arc set on a focus field grid, order with its highly valuable finger channeling which is the basis of a one-thumb or one-hand writing tool. However, not all focus fields or OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes layouts arc best mode. The specifics of the layout claimed, in case manufacturers insist on another can better endow it as a writing tool. The task is to focus field base, because the best mode, and order elements of each writing system in comparison of all modes, is not obvious to the mnemonic blocks in such as way that each letter

has a qualitative relationship to all other letters in a average person or manufacturer, since motor-skill spatial pattern that the brain recognizes, even if a is not their domain of expertise.

pattern is not cognitively noticed. Since it is not The choice of layout for devices is usually made obvious, the average person is not likely to by those with expertise in computer science, recognize best mode. Yet, whichever field is ergonomics, or business, which confers no selected, manufacturers and users alike are then expertise in writing systems and motor-skill, saddled with any unnoticed limitations, just as the which perpetuates their familiar flawed Qwerty; public was saddled with Qwerty, today's poor even though the majority of the world's population default as a one-hand writing tool. Since English is of billions of people have never used a 10x3 the world's largest single language, and the keyboard, or any keyboard. Yet, they will in the Chinese the largest single user of Roman script, next decade. Why saddle many billions of new and 80 other unique languages also use the Roman users with the 10x3? Qwerty is too wide for one- script; the choice of focus field grid and layout for hand use and offered no motor-skill or linguistic the world's Roman script is not a decision to make advantages from the day it was ill conceived. absent understanding of motor-skill, which relies Tablets, like iPad, become desktops because they on the brain's language-tool axis, (which is neither need a desk surface in order to type with two computer science nor ergonomics), while equally hands, or become a laptop with an attached satisfying the needs of all other writing script keyboard while a one-hand OrrPad would allow users, which collectively comprise a comparable one-hand typing on a tablet.

number of users. See the technological

discussions, Roman Accents, and each of all other

scripts for an analytic comparison of layouts as a

writing tool according to language and motor-skill.

OrrPad can produce focus field grid shapes for

other scripts, but not all scripts well on all grids.

For example some Asian scripts would do well

with grid of 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. However, 8 is almost

as long as a Qwerty and is to be encouraged to be

reduced to fit on a new class of products possible

with a more square-ish keyboard. In the incident

of 4 key base, it can be a standalone small pad or

placed on a larger 5 or 6 grid to accommodate

other languages on a device. 4x7 is just too long to

serve as best mode.

Alphabetical order, meme blocking, cross- positioning, vertical finger assignments, etc., all

underpin motor-skill and the keypad as a digital

writing instrument.

All of these Roman layouts can fit in a small space

and operated with one thumb, but in order to

promote manufacturer selection of the best mode

writing instrument, the claimed system of 8

Roman focus field layouts below is needed to

discourage arbitrary device design and encourage

the best informed engineering of a global writing

tool, to fit all devices and language markets. They

may all seem the same, but for many linguistic and

motor-skill reasons the best mode to serve as a

writing tool is the vertical 5x6 AIEOU cross.

However, the whole system of 8 layouts is also OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes

SPACE-KEYPAD OR SPACE-PAD: A claim for a Touch-Fabric: If an inexpensive fabric, capable space-keypad, or space-pad, is made whereby one of receiving typed input was inexpensive enough, may merely type in free space, by breaking a field, even clothing could offer a small field of "touch- emanating from a base of a watch-type device on fabric" to receive the typed input of the soldier, so the wrist, ring, clothing, or other base. that one could type on a pants leg or other surface.

The OrrPad layout makes this possible, because

The mnemonic OrrPad AEIOU CROSS layout the layout allows blind-use in the dark, where one enables the space-pad, as a space-pad is best- need not see the keys, Yet fabric keyboards can served by a narrow field for one-hand use, and also be imprinted with visible key-face letters. vertical fan finger assignments in alphabetical

order. Qwerty is too wide for a space-pad, keys are The best layout is the AEIOU ABC cross. offset unevenly, and all keys cannot be reached However, if Qwerty or other layout is employed it without moving the hand, violating the necessary is also claimed in this patent as a space-pad. relative position for locating in free space.

The use of a space-pad is well within the SPACE-PAD- Finger Assignment Example A: capability of the average person. If the user is

already skilled in the use of a hard or touchscreen

vertical Orrpad and the layout is embedded into

memory as a motor-skill, the user does not need to

"see" the keys, but may merely type on unmarked

spatial domains. The input could be seen on a

head-up display or other monitor. Dancers and

athletes "find" points in free space with great

precision, and so might typists find free spaces.

Yet, even if the user has no prior skill, the OrrPad

layout allows the user to cognitively carry a mental

map of letter layout because vertical finger

assignments allow all consonants to be found

descending from vowels in alphabetical order.

Vertical finger assignments and knowing the order

of vowels lets a beginner find all consonants, even

at first use. The spatial shape that the fingers exact y to w ere t e r own ngers a natura y. follow would be curved following the natural way

fingers move in the spatial domain. Wherever it is The placement of all finger motion happens to be that fingers fall is the domain of the keyboard. relative to the wrist, and so must a space-pad That spatial shape is curved. The motor-skill of accommodate wrist-relative motion. Wherever the free space typing is made possible by the OrrPad hand moves so too moves the "keypad". Qwerty is layout. A hurdle is that it would need to be turned both too wide for one-hand space-pad and does not off and on conveniently, so that it is not on lend itself to a relative-to-the-wrist arrangement. continuously. Thus, for this, a surface is useful. The relative position in Qwerty is relative-to-the- home-keys, not the wrist. Users, in theory, are

Any Surface Keyboard: Similar to a space-pad, is supposed to return their fingers to the home keys the typing onto any surface, which would feel before striking their next letter. A keypad more natural to type with surface contact, and arrangement that allows finding spaces within technologically easier to implement. motion relative-to-the-wrist makes the ideal space- typewriting instrument. This is because all fingers

A combat soldier in the field, in the dark of night,

naturally already move relative-to-the-wrist. Thus could quietly type communications in complete

the ideal keypad exploits the hand's natural finger darkness on a small portable wafer-like keypad

movement relative-to-the-wrist, as this is the placed anywhere, such as placed on one's leg,

natural default. A space-keypad layout should chest, arm, or on a surface within a vehicle, instead

have letters available in a pattern whereby fingers of using the relatively large clunky laptop now

can access all letters within the small domain of found in military vehicles. Input can be seen on a

motion from the wrist to finger-reach. After all, heads up or monitor display.

wherever the hand moves, so too is found the

Also: See image of an OrrPad for use on a fighter spatial keyboard.

jet console, with before and after images. OrrPad- Technical Specification Nofes

RIGHT HAND SPACEPAD- LEFT-HAND SPACEPAD- Finger Assignment Example B: Finger Assignment Example D:

RIGHT HAND SPACEPAD- LEFT-HAND SPACEPAD- Finger Assignment Exam] Finger Assignment Example E:

iddle Index

Horizontal Space-Pad Layout Options:

I O A F P

A E J P B G L Q

B F Q U X C H M R U X

C G L R V Y D I N S V Y

D H M S W Z E J O T W Z N T OrrPad— Technical Specification Notes

3c PIGGY-BACK VARIATIONS- Piggysimultaneously preserves their approximate backing is used to allow a keypad to be fewer mnemonic orders as a learned as a child.

keys and/or rows. Letters infrequently used are Approximate order may be employed for one or the best candidates for piggy backing. Alphabet more of the following reasons:

order of piggy backing is kept approximately 1 - To fit characters onto keys. 2- To reduce the intact, so that the user may still employ the overall numbers of keys and/or number of rows. mnemonic of alphabet order to remember where 3- To maximize the overall preservation of any keys are located! The value of reducing the size of native alphabetical order. 4- To minimize variation the keypad with Piggybacking should be weighed in design from language to language. 5- To against the value of a full layout. Examples of maximize coherence between host and guest piggy backing in the Latin alphabet are given languages. 6- To optimize utility of accent and below. An Orr Pad may have multiple variations option keys. 7- To wholly improve the of piggybacking. In addition to reducing the understanding or the function of the keypad. number of keys and rows, piggybacking is used in

Example of Approximate alphabet order: other language character sets and in multi-

Piggybacked in the following:

language keypads. A claim is made for multi-

A B

language piggybacking with more piggyback c D

E F G H

examples given in the multi-language section of

I ^J L M N

the Orr Pad patent.

O Q P R S T

u V W X _Z

Piggyback Example 1 : Piggyback Example 2:

PIGGYBACK J, Q, Z (5x 5) PIGGYBACK. J, Q, X(5x 5) Transposing position of alphabetical order slightly

A E I O U A E I O U as in: P still allows RPS (relative position

B F ¹ K P_Q V B F ^J system) typing; as approximate alphabetical order

Po

C G L R W C G L R W allows the user still use cross-coordinate references to help locate keys. A possible reason D H M S X D H M S ^X Y

for approximating alphabet order in this case is to N T Y_Z N T z allow any piggybacked letter on the left to be activated by an option key programmed to just

Piggyback Example 3: Piggyback Example 4: activate any letters on the left. Another reason

PIGGY- J, Q, M, S, X, Z PIGGY J, Q, M, S, X, Z would be to allow all characters of a particular (5x4) (5x4)

language to be located on the left of center. Both

A I O u A E I o u are acceptable reasons to give an approximate, B ^J K o V B F ^J K P₀ V rather than perfect, alphabetical order.

C L R_s w_x C G L Rs W

D N T There is value to the order of the letters as well

Y_z D H 'N T ^XY_Z

as an independent value to having a straight grid. Even without arrangement on a straight grid, this

Piggyback Example 5: Horizontal Example 6: arrangement of the letters remains claimed because

6 PIGGY- J, K, P, Q, X, Z 4 PIGGY: K J, Q, Z

(5x4) the value of the cross navigation remains even

A E I o u though the value of the grid is lost.

A B c D

Horizontal Offset Vertical Offset B F ^J L ^{K P} R ^Q V E F G H A B C D A E I O U C G M S w I L M N E F G H B F J P V D H N T O R S T I J K L M N C G K Q W Q

O P Q R S T D H L R X U V W x Yz U V W X Y Z M S Y

N T Z

3d. APPROXIMATE Alphabetical order. ORRPAD TROJAN HORSE FOCUS FIELD

If alphabetical order is approximately preserved, a ARRANGEMENTS: Trojan Horse Orr Pads are the keypad remains within the bounds of the OrrPad claimed second-string Orr Pad design alternatives with slight rearrangements of the alphabetical that are not the preferred embodiment of the order of letters; as approximate order still permits vertical AEIOU cross grid. They may appear to be the user to localize any letter by alphabetical order a matrix, but are not: hence a perfectly good- cross-coordinates. The AEIOU order and A-Z looking Trojan Horse at first glance; but filled with order (ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ) hidden demons to be-devil the manufacturer, interface in a cross arrangement that software programmer and end-user alike. In OrrPad- Technical, Specification Notes contrast, each AEIOU ABC cross-navigational

grid is extraordinarily well-organized according to The matrix accomplishes its position as most ideal the way natives learn their language in the design given the constraints of ( 1 ) the way human universal way world human language. language is constructed and is learned, (2) the way the human mind acquires motor-memory (3) the

Misleading to deploy a Trojan Horse and a misuse way the human hand is shaped and works and of the opportunity to have an extremely well- given (4) the cultural language and writing organized user interface for electronic customs that already exist. The four items above communication, language logical are prior constraints to which any k

Some manufacturers may choose the secondary

embodiments and Orr Pad has the know how to In the interests of short-term earning or design organize them as well as is possible to interface shortsightedness one of the inferior embodiments one unto the others, thus a claim is made for them may be selected. If this occurs and it becomes the should they be selected. Some examples of standard through

claimed secondary Trojan Horse embodiments

include: (a) HORIZONTAL ABC G I D, (b) Because on the surface, certain embodiments may VERTICAL ABC GRID, (C) HORIZONTAL CROSS- superficially appear to be a language matrix, the NAVIGATIONAL GRID, (d) QWERTY ADAPTED patent can help protect the public from products

FOCUS FIELD GRID, (e) ROMAN ADAPTED ORDER. that appear to have equal utility but in fact do not

Each appears on the surface to be meeting the need and cannot, and encouraging the use of the ideal for a global keypad for electronic devices as each protects the public interests. In order to protect the looks like it "fits" on small devices and each of the public from manufacturers choosing inferior inferior embodiments has one or more desirable layouts to avoid the nominal licensing fee of this features. However, it is the vertical AEIOU cross- patent the inventor claims some of the inferior navigational vertical ABC 5x6 focus field grid that layouts that may masquerade as a world language is the preferred embodiment because it uniquely matrix at first glance, but are not. Some examples best enables a world language matrix, as well as are given below:

being the most enabling design for the futuristic

mousekeypad and spacekeypad and creating a HORIZONTAL ABC G RI D: To date, until Orr Pad workable single hardware software interface research, it seems the full value of a 5x5 grid, 5x6 worldwide on any device. A world language grid as a focus field foundation for a world matrix in the palm of one's hand can be a crucial language matrix as a motor-memory hand tool for instrument in the cross communication between language production, preservation of language speakers of diverse languages, allow universal diversity and communication potential has been electronic access and be a tool to maximally unanticipated by manufacturers. It is Orr Pad preserve and or integrate world languages. Trojan research with its innovative and flexible system Horse arrangements physically "fit" on the pad. that can demonstrate the value of the focus field Look similar or seem to have an advantage, but and thus establish the 5x5 or 5x6 grid in the this is an illusion: the Trojan Horses cannot deliver marketplace as the hardware foundation solution to the public the long-term, personal and global for communication and text input using a small advantages as the matrix. keypad interface.

The invention of the most ideal world language The 5x5, the 5x6 or 4x7 grids are not currently the matrix is the signature of this patent filing. standard for electronic communication and text However, initially a manufacturer (or user) may production in the marketplace. Today, the use of a not recognize this advantage and may choose focus field grid exists (with an ABC layout) on lesser embodiments over the ideal. Individual other products such as the 4x7 ABC grid on UPS features of this patent may be employed a la carte inventory hand units or the 5x6 ABC grid of the and should be patent protected in their own right. Road Navigator.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the need

for a maximally universal keypad on small Where these grids have been used, the enormous electronics. The preferred embodiment solves this human language-tool potential of the grid was not problem where the others have hidden failings that exploited or anticipated, nor did these devices may not be identified by casual observers. If inspire or teach others of the value of the manufacturers had recognized the cocktail of foundation grid as evidenced by their limited design elements that enables a world matrix design, mis-design, and limited use of the grid. keypad, it would have been already been invented. OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes

The best use of the 5x6 grid is as a world language vertical channeling of alphabetical order the matrix matrix using the AEIOIU . enables a world standard keypad If manufacturer's choose the ABC grid to avoid the AEIOU grid and

A B C D E A B C D vertical channeling This would be a great F G H I J E F G H disservice to the public.

L M N O I J K L P Q R S T M N O P Encouraging the Trojan horse of the ABC grid in

U V W X Y Q R S T the marketplace may foreclose the possibility of a z U V W X world language matrix whereby users worldwide

Y z may navigate not only their own language but the matrix allows the possibility of other languages to

TH E A BC FOCUS FIELD GRID. At the onset of this be accessed and navigated with ease as all of the invention process there were no focus field grids languages of the matrix share a common method found in the patent literature or marketplace. of organization. If you can use the matrix for your Records of the calendar of this invention are own language you can substantially access other available. During the lengthy patent process to languages. It has been one human brain that design and produce a patent filing for a complete produced all of the disparate languages and the Orr system for a world language matrix, a few focus Pad matrix organizes language according to their field ABC grids have appeared such as on the UPS common roots- vowels, consonants, syllables, inventory unit and Road Navigator. The inventor radicals, ideograms, diacritic markings, etc- all knows of no others. They all appeared after the organized on one tiny matrix with each part of the inventor's development of the grid research and language found in the same place on the same none of them have influenced the marketplace as keypad worldwide. One hardware software they have not been propagated as a design. worldwide. The ABC grid cannot accomplish this.

If the ABC grid could have accomplished this, the

Additionally, The language matrix value of the inventor would have employed it and encouraged grid seems to have not been anticipated by these its use because of the superficial fact that the manufacturers. The use of the ABC grid minimizes horizontal disposition is more familiar to users. the potential world language matrix value of the However, it is the preferred AEIOU embodiment focus field grid. ABC is not a matrix of human that is the only way to create the most complete language and has only three desirable features: matrix of world language which is the best way small size, alphabetical order, and the focus field possible to organize human language on one small mathematical proportions ideal for creating a communication device that can be used world language matrix by the use of the AEIOU worldwide. The establishment of a world language cross navigation and the matrix cross positioning matrix keypad suitable for small electronics of all the other languages woven in one tiny requires being placed on a focus field. The ABC keypad. Unicode can now fit on the face of a cell horizontal grid has a focus field and alphabetical phone. One hardware-software worldwide. The order, but it has no mnemonic linguistic blocking, inventor makes a claim on the 5x5 or 5x6 grid on no cross navigational advantage, no vertical new products. channel alphabetical mnemonic. Additionally, it has no organizational mapping relationship such as

It is Orr Pad research, innovation and principles of cross-navigational organization that can be held in cognitive memory, motor-memory and linguistics common across other languages.

across world language that can demonstrate the

new use and high value of the grid as a keypad that The maximum number of world languages may be has heretofore been unanticipated. A manufacturer preserved for posterity and the maximum number or potential licensee may deploy an ABC of persons may access electronic communication horizontal grid on the Orr Pad foundation and with the maximum motor-skill with the vertical mislead the consumer into believing they have the AEIOU-ABC cross-navigational keypad. full benefits of the Orr Pad system, just because it However, the horizontal AEIOU cross- looks, at first glance, like the general dimensions navigational keypad and the ABC grid (both of the preferred 5x6 embodiment of the cross horizontal and vertical) is also claimed in this navigation Orr Pad. The Orr Pad system is a patent.

matrix of human language that can fit in the palm

of one's hand. Cross-navigation of blocked HORIZONTAL 5X6 ABC G RID: AS this layout is linguistic properties allows instant cognitive already employed on the Road Warrior GPS memorization of each layout. Combined with navigational keypad, OrrPad claims this layout for OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes all other uses. Road Warrior did not anticipate the Should the ABC grid become the standard for potential value of the 5x6 focus field grid for small electronics, humanity loses this opportunity general typing purposes such as cell phones, land in the history of human technology to adopt the phones, PDA's, pagers, remote controls, best possible keypad designed for electronic use. mousekeypads, spacekeypads, watchpads,

OnePads, etc. OrrPad makes a claim for all uses A B C D E

of the ABC 5x6 grid layout, except for those F G H I J

devices which may already be found to employ the L M N O

5x6 ABC grid. P Q R S T

U V W X Y

The ABC grid, at first glance, may appear to have z

the advantages of the AEIOU cross-navigational HORIZONTA L ABC GRID W/ DROP OR PIGGY keypad. However, the AEIOU cross pad is a far LETTER: the horizontal ABC 5x5 or 5x6 grid with superior as a writing instrument. It allows the user a dropped Z or the piggybacked Z (or other to immediately memorize the letter assignments piggybacked letter) on the 5x5 or 5x6 grid should for each finger as follows: for example in the users prefer an ABC on the meme-malrix 5x6 or Roman AEIOU OrrPad— each finger is assigned a 5x5 hardware. The drop Z and piggy Z are claimed sequence of letters in alphabetical order beginning in their own right on any pad arrangement.

with the occasion of a vowel. The AEIOU cross

pad comprises a matrix of world languages in a ABC Horizontal w/ I ) Drop Z or 2) Piggied Letter maximally woven pattern of consistent intuitive

logic that the brain recognizes even if not B C D E A B C D E explained cognitively. Cross-navigation is the G H I J F G H I J state-of-the-art technology for the location of L M N O K L M N O position that science has ever found. OrrPad has Q R S T P Q R S T made new use of cross-navigation as a writing U V W X Y U V W X Yz instrument. The AEIOU OrrPad provides the z

brain XY coordinates to create references for the

location of letters. In the example above Z is piggied but any letter

Although the AEIOU cross pad is the preferred can be piggied and is so claimed as an OrrPad. embodiment, Orr Pad feels it is in the best interests However, non-cross navigational pads are not as of humanity to also claim the ABC grid. Orr Pad easy to navigate because they do not possess the is concerned that if Orr Pad does not own the navigational and memory advantage of the general use patent for the ABC horizontal grid, crossing of values.

licensees may choose the ABC horizontal grid

over the AEIOU cross pad because they do not VERTICAL ABC GRID: A claim is made for the realize the many motor, neuro-physiological, Vertical alphabetical arrangement of letters. The cognitive and multi-language benefits of the vertical arrangement is particularly powerful in AEIOU cross upon superficial inspection as it enabling a spacekeypad where users may simply requires the benefits to be explained to the type in space. This is because with a vertical potential user. Additionally, if the ABC grid is not arrangement, a user may more readily memorize claimed, the licensee may simply wish to avoid letter assignments for each finger when the letters license fees for the AEIOU and thus deliberately run in alphabetical order. Although the vertical or inadvertently rob the end-user in the public cross-navigation arrangement is the best for a domain from the advantages of the AEIOU cross- spacekeypad and world language matrix, it is navigational writing instrument. However, if the possible a licensee will choose to place an ABC on ABC grid is claimed by OrrPad for all applications a grid. The vertical ABC arrangement is claimed (other than where is may be already employed) for its innovation in enabling vertical manufacturers will have licensing costs associated memorization of ABC order finger assignments. with both the ABC grid and the AEIOU cross and

thus not have a financial motive to impose the A F P U A F P U A G M T inferior ABC grid on the public. Current keypads B G L Q V B G L Q V B H N U such as Qwerty were not designed for the C H M R W C H M R W C I O V electronic age and the increasing array of small D I S X D I N S X D J P W electronics. Nor was it designed E J O T Y E J O T Yz E Q X

Z F L R Y

S Z OrrPad - Technical Specification Notes

Horizontal Cross-Navigational Grid: Horizontal the OTHER DESIGNS, except when using the cross-navigational keypads possess the cross- Universal Keypad and when in violation of claims navigational memory advantage; but as they do not of the One Pad Universal Keypad. Any partnered channel vertically, they lack the memory superimposition of an Orr Pad on QWERTY or advantage of each finger being able to "memorize" other keypad design is claimed:

its assignment immediately, especially in the case

of a spacekeypad. Additionally, the four squares in Examples of Qwerty Partnering- the bottom row allow a thumb toggle of other ^QA w_E I ^RO ^Tu features such as accents in the Roman key-set.

Horizontal Cross-navigational grid matrices are ^YB 'J Op ^pv generally not the preferred embodiment but are ^AC ^SG ^DK Q °w claimed in this patent and there are occasions

where it could be the preferred layout principally ^HD ^JH ^KL ^LR ^zx because the horizontal ABC is familiar. The ^XM ^CS v_Y

horizontal AEIOU cross-navigation layout is ^BN ^Qz claimed.

A , E₂ l₃ 0₄ U ₅ A₆ E₇ I g 0₉ U₀

A B C I)

E F G H I J K L M N °Q ^,:W ^JE^{K P}R° T Y ^FU^J \^{K P}0° ^VP O P Q R S T ^c A ^c;S ^LD ^SF ^WG^{X C}H J ^L '*L^{S w} U V W X Y z

H_{Z χ}Ν T_C YyZ Dg l (_{N M} N T X YZ

Non-Cross-navigational & Non-Vertical Alphabet:

A B C D E F G H I 12"' QWERTY 5x6: Motor-memory grid with J K L M N O P Q R QWERTY motor mnemonics.

S T U V W X Y Z (a) Left-side I^s1/ Right-side 2^nd Stacked

(b) Left-to-Right Row-by-Row

7. The Orr Pad can be any SIZE Q w E R T Q w E R T

Below are listed 6 basic size ranges. Item #2, 3, 4, Y u I O P Y u I O P are preferred embodiments as the ideal comfort A s D F G A s D F G range, but larger or smaller are also claimed. H J K L Z H J K L Z

1 - BigScreen or Super-size X c V B NM X c V B NM

2- Desktop Laptop or Notebook-size

Any VARIATION of 1 or 2 hand, Left or Right

3- Palm-size

hand, 1 or 2 side or combined with other

4- Phone-size

features is claimed. Keypads may have one or more

5- Watch-size

sections. They may be placed on any unclaimed

6- Ring or Pen-size, etc. hardware (QWERTY, AZERTY, etc) or the claimed Orr

Pad meme-matrix world grid. Orr Pads can be vertical

8. OrrPad keypad designs are claimed in any or horizontal, reshaped, of any width, row-to-column MANUFACTURING MATERIAL. Including ratio, language, alphanumeric combination. Orr Pads but not limited to: plastics, wood, metals, may be combined other OrrPad features or unclaimed composite, natural or man-made materials, with features (such as GPS) or writing, LCD or other panels, LCD, or otherwise lighted or backlit keypads, mouse, calculator. Examples include, but not limited to: having flat, raised, recessed keys, with touch-pads Example 1 : Alpha-Numeric w/Panel (reversible) and computer screen keypads, etc. A E I O U 1 2 3

B F J P V 4 5 6

10 Any partnering combination with QWERTY C G K Q W 7 8 9

(or other design) adjacently, superimposed or D H L R X * 0 #

piggybacked with features of the Orr Pad is o o M s Y I ^" ; I

claimed. A claim is made for any of the Orr Pad

design features if paired with QWERTY. Such as:

alphabet or number arrangements in ANY Example 2: Alpha-Numeric (Piggy) language, the accent-diacritic key, language I 2 3 A E I O U

character changing key, the yellow-pages directory 4 5 6 B F ^JK P_Q V

feature. No claim is made for patent provisions of 7 8 9 C G L R W

* 0 # D H M S X OrrPad- Technical Specification Notes

O O O O O N T Yz 1 2 3 A B C D E

4 5 6 F G H I J

Example 3: Alpha-Calculator w/ extra functions

7 8 9 K L M N O

A E O U 0 0 0 • 0 # P Q R S T

B F P V 7 8 9 0 0 0 u V W X Y

C G K Q w 4 5 6 x o o o 0 0 0 0 z

D H L R X 1 2 3 -

O 0 M S Y • 0 Example 10: Horizontal ABC (Piggy Z)

0 N T Z O 0 1 2 3 A B C D E

0 0 O o 0 o 4 5 6 F G H 1 J o o o o o 0 o o o 7 8 9 K L M N O

Example 4a: MIRROR * 0 # P Q R S T

U O 1 E A A E I O U o o o U V W X Yz

V P J F B B F J P V Example 11: Vertical ABC (Corner Z) W Q K G C C G Q W A F K P U 1 2 3

X R L H D D H L R X B G L Q V 4 5 6

Y S M O 0 O O S Y C H M R W 7 8 9

Z T N O O 0 O N T Z D 1 N S X * 0 #

Example 4b: MIRROR w/TelCalc & Panel E J O T Y O O O

U O I E A 1 2 3 V E I O U O 0 O O z O O O

V P J F B 4 5 6 B F J P V Example 9: Vertical ABC (Piggy Z) W Q G C 7 8 9 C G Q W 1 2 3 A F K P U

X R L H D * 0 # D H L R X 4 5 6 B G L Q V

Y S O 0| 1 O O M S Y 7 8 9 C H M R W

Z T N O O Pa el O O N T Z * 0 # D I N S X

Example 14: MATCHED Pair o o o E J O T Yz

A E 1 O U A E l O U

B F J P V B F J P V C G K Q C G K Q W D H L R X D H L X

0 O M S Y 0 O M S Y

O O N T Z O O N T Z

Example 5: SPLIT Top on Left

A E I O li D H L R X

B F J P V O O M S Y C G K Q W O O N T Z

Example 6: Horizontal AEIOU cross

A B C Q o o 1 2 3

E F G H o o 4 5 6

I J K L M N 7 8 9

O P Q R S T * 0 #

U V W X Y Z o o o

Example 7: Alpha-Numeric (Top Numbers)

2 3

4 5 6

I 2 3 4 5 7 8 9

6 7 8 9 0 0 #

A E I O U A E r o u

B F J P V B F j P V

C G K Q W C G K Q w

D H L R X D H L R X

O O M S Y O O M S Y O O N T Z O O N T Z

Examples: Horizontal ABC (Corner Z) 31139

24

OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D

Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/ 1 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

OnePad:

A Flip Cover OrrPad OnePad Hard Drive is

equipped with a flip cover screen (or slide screen)

to serve as s a monitor. It can be oriented vertically

or horizontally or even with a swivel mechanism

to flip it back as an easel stand or flipped flat to the

back of the unit when used as a desk mouskeypad.

Folding clamshell OnePad w/ hard drive. With

Optional phone, PDA, mini PC or other feature

Simple Phone Style One Pad or Orrpad text

capable phone- Optional flip back monitor to

allow better mousekeypad operation when plugged

into a desktop monitor. A rotating monitor would

allow better web browsing capability: 3.2b. The Blind OrrPad is claimed for those with sight-deficits. This is very helpful to the blind as

3. Orrpad as an input keyboard on a phone: the OrrPad layouts can be memorized without the

Only 5 keys wide (good for fat fingers) benefit of sight. The OrrPad mnemonics are easily memorized at first use, and like a musical

Prior Art: Compared to micro-Qwerty: instrument the brain recognizes that each letter has

Ten keys across, is too many keys wide, and the a qualitative relationship to the whole and can keys are narrow predict the location of each letters in a spatial relationship to the whole. Furthermore, the keypad

5. Orr Pad for those with a Disability The Orr is entirely under one hand. The Braille OrrPad is

Pad system offers many features for the blind, deaf offered in English and its variants, and is also mute, or even quadriplegic; and others with special claimed in other character sets with a different needs. An OrrPad would be the best keyboard Braille system. Braille enabled OrrPad devices layout for the systems designed for quadriplegics can offer sound to state which letter was struck. who choose letters from a monitor, by mouse or by

nodes implanted in the brain, because the layout 3.2c. Finger Guides of raised or depressed areas has mnemonic order. enhances RPS (Relative Position System) typing, and optional finger guides can assist the beginner

6. The Blind- An electronic writing tool for the or physically impaired.

blind an early Orr Pad invention. 3.2d. Braille Bump Key faces for the Blind may Focus Field: Claimed is the Orr Pad focus field be employed. We have optional colored key faces, grid base of 4x7, 5x5 and 5x6 as a new use.. why not bumps?

Cross Layout: Also claimed is the mnemonic

layout of the AEIOU cross or meme blocks. 3.2e. Audio Feedback Verification for the Blind Vertical Channeling: Vertical channeling of any may be optionally employed for the blind to verify mnemonic allows the user to instantly memorize with a sound, with each strike, the identity of each the letter assignments for each finger. The OrrPad key which key has been struck for numbers, was initially conceived in a horizontal layout and letters, punctuation, and function keys, etc.

then turned vertically, as it is easier to use blindly.

3.1 Quadriplegic Communication Pad- An improvement is claimed for the system whereby a quadriplegic person can control a cursor on a computer screen with his thoughts alone. This feat is accomplished by implanting an electrode in the brain, in the area that controls the hand. As the quadriplegic person thinks about moving the hand

Orr Pad: for Blind Use he is gradually able to effect moving the cursor on the screen and thus able to control a computer and communicate with the outside world. The Orr Pad OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

AEIOU layout better enables a neural implant ( I ) The one mnemonic string is:

system of cursor control because the Orr Pad ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ AEIOU layout is a much easier and a more

neurophysiologically efficient layout to enable the A B c D E F G

location of keys. The problem with Qwerty and the

electrode cursor device is that as Qwerty requires H I <- • end J K

more "searching" the user confuses the electrode

and thus effects less control over the cursor with L M • ^• • N 0

his more diffuse and confused thoughts alone.

Searching on an AEIOY system is direct and P Q end sp <- R S logical, not random. Furthermore, the astronomy,

maritime and GPS inspired Relative Position T u V W X Y Z

System navigation organization and the musical

instrument aspects of the AEIOU layout where After: OrrPad improves user interface by each key has a logical systemic relationship to the providing multiple mnemonic strings and the XY whole, allows the brain to "learn" the "system" not element of cross navigation references: The just the precise location of each key as one must AEIOU cross (horizontal or vertical) OrrPad is with the disorganized Qwerty. It is easier for an the most mnemonic layout possible for the location electrode user to find keys on an AEIOU Orr Pad of Roman letters. The AEIOU cross has 7 than it is to find a letter on the random QWERTY mnemonic alphabetical strings plus 5 cross arrangement. The Orr Pad has systemic logic that intersections creating X and Y coordinates to the neurophysiology of the brain will recognize; allow the brain to find Roman letters the easiest while QWERTY has no logic the brain recognizes. way physically possible.

OrrPad for the Quadriplegic: Advances in A E I O u neuroscience has yielded a new approach to

B F J P V

enabling the quadriplegic to operate a computer.

Researchers have been able to successfully implant C G K Q w

electrodes into the brain of a paralyzed person in

D H L R X

the area of the brain that controls forefinger, hand

or eyelid etc motion. As the paralyzed person M S Y

imagines using that body part he sends signals N T z

from the brain to the computer and gradually is

able to learn to control a cursor on a computer For a quadriplegic screen keypad the horizontal screen to select onscreen letters and button, etc. AEIOU cross layout is the preferred embodiment

OrrPad can enhance the success of the brain as it is accessed by visual means, not motor-skill. implant user interface by providing the best layout

possible. OrrPad makes the location of keys easier A B c D

for the brain to calculate with frames of reference, E F G H

mnemonic blocks, vertical finger assignments, and

cross navigation with X and Y coordinates. I J L M N

Before: Qwerty was tried first but it proved o P Q R S T

difficult for users to find anything with no u V w X Y Z

cognitive mnemonic whatsoever and motor-skill

does not apply once it is no longer used by the two The horizontal AEIOU cross has:

hands as in normal typing: 7 mnemonic alphabetical strings:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 (1 ) ADCD

(2) EFGH

Q W E R T Y U I O P (3) IJKLMN

(4) OPQRST

A S D F G H J L (5) UVWXYZ.

(6) AEIOU

Z X C V B N M (7) ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Before: So, researchers tried an alphabetical

layout with only one mnemonic- the single Plus 5 cross intersections to establish 5 X and Y alphabetical sequence. It was easier for users. coordinates: AEIOU OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

Cross intersections break-up an otherwise single 3.4. The Mute: Those who cannot speak for alphabetical string of the ABC mnemonic to create themselves; the mute, could carry an Orr Pad to reference points within alphabetical order and thus speak for them. A person no capable of speech establishes X and Y cross-coordinates. could carry their little Orr Pad, type in their text and have the text speak aloud for them, or the

X and Y cross coordinates allows the brain to

person to whom they are communicating could pinpoint location just as X and Y coordinates

read their input. The Orr Pad design best enables allows location finding in GPS and maritime

this because of the small and rapid user-friendly navigation where X Y coordinates are also used.

interface in multiple languages that can Tit in the palm of the hand. The tiny thumb operated Qwerty keypad is too clumsy and slow compared to the

3.2f. Public Access- Claimed is public access to preferred embodiment of the Orr Pad.

Orr Pad. MOUNTED: The unique one-hand

capability of the preferred embodiment of the Orr 3.5. Hospital Patient Communicator, Patient Pad enables mounted placement of the Orr Pad Monitor and Care Chart- Claimed is a bedside keypad on flat, angled or wall surfaces allowing communication device that can fit in one hand or at one hand touch-typing for the maximum number bedside to be used by the bed-bound. The Orr Pad of persons and languages not possible with a can be employed to access hospital personnel, Qwerty (Azerty, etc.) style keypad. email and type documents or surf on the internet or control hospital TV or monitors. The Orr Pad can

PLUG AND CARRY: Furthermore, if desired, blind be used as a phone or to retrieve or send email and (or other) persons could carry and plug-in their can include an Mp3 player. It could be enabled own Orr Pad to communicate on any public or with a claimed option of an Orr Pad feature private computer made accessible with a plug-in whereby the key-set may be changed into tilled port for USB or Firewire, etc., This would also be icon images representing various communication useful for any person with a claimed "One Pad". needs of the ill such as an emergency call button; The only public accommodation needed would be but also non-emergency or urgent requests such as to have a port for USB or Firewire, etc. on public "water" or "pain", If the unit cannot be hand devices by which to attach an Orr Pad. Part of the operated by the patient it might be equipped with beauty of the Orr Pad design is that it does not speech operation or a biting mechanism for those necessarily rely on Braille; the fact that the Orr unable to use their hands. Additionally, a claim is Pad preferred embodiment layout enhances motor- made for allowing the One Pad (or a separate pad) memory makes it possible to type, with practice, to keep track of the patient's vital information such exceedingly accurately even in one handed as heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, applications, such as mounted or handheld as well intracranial pressure, blood gas levels, blood as on a desk surface. medication levels, etc, as well as doctor and healthcare worker input such as the patient's chart,

Ideally, if the Orr Pad became a standard interface records of medication and treatment. The pad for public access units, pay phones, cell phones would stay with the patient, insuring better care. and in offices etc, the blind could always be able

to communicate electronically wherever they

might be, if the Orr Pad was commonly used as a 4. Orr Pad "One Pad" for Students: If each keypad interface. student had their own Orr Pad enabled One Pad as a Mouskeypad with hard drive they would only need to plug it into a monitor at school. Thus they

3.3. Orr Pad for the Deaf- The Orr Pad for the would be responsible for their own data and Deaf enables the input of text so the deaf would be

hardware. This would substantially save money able to make a phone call and speak by inputting

for schools if they only needed to provide a text to be read or the transmutation of their text monitor for each desk in each room, not an entire into aural speech. The deaf could type and computer for each desk in each room. Students communicate their conversations in real time on an

may use a laptop for full-sized use, with an Orr Orr Pad enabled phone. Recipients would be able

Pad / One Pad as their small device that can be to read the conversation if they too have an Orr

carried in a pocket or purse that also has an Mp3 Pad keypad or any text messaging box on their player feature and phone in one unit. Orr Pad / phone If all phones had an Orr Pad, All deaf

One Pad units may contain educational persons could communicate by text or synthesized

applications that allows the student to study even speech to all other persons if text capable Orr Pads

without a full-sized computer or with heavy books were available.

to carry. The books can be within the Orr Pad / OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

One Pad, by downloading reading materials or by and with minimal practice, it may be operated with reading directly on the web. Online courses and one-hand without the need to look at the keypad. teacher course notes and assignments are currently

•Masking Feature allows the keypad to be available. A laptop cannot always be carried safely

operated as small as a postage stamp, if the or easily: a OnePad can be carried in the pocket

software has an OrrPad claimed "masking" thus more safely by students than a laptop.

feature, which identifies the center of contact, essentially masking all but a small point of finger

5. Orr Pad for Military Applications: contact to allow precision selection in a small area, The Orr Pad keypad system would allow each even though the finger covers a much larger area. soldier to carry his own One Pad with all of his Masking allows fingers to act as a precision stylus. information and communication needs in hand and

be able to type one-handed, full handed or even • Vertical Alphabet allows fingers to locate keys one thumbed in the Held using a small monitor or a along a vertical mnemonic spinal assignment heads-up display rather than relying on a large unique to each finger, not possible with a laptop in a military vehicle. He/she could type horizontal mnemonic.

with the Orr pad attached to his wrist as a watch or • Index Finger Fan layout allows the "smarter" on his clothing and type one-handed in the dark. index finger the range of freedom to observe its The two thumb-operated Qwerty uses a visual hunt natural fan motion to cover keys of columns A&E. and peck with one or two thumbs or one finger.

The OrrPad keypad preferred embodiment design • Thumb Sweep allows the thumb to access allows the operation of a full alphanumeric keypad function keys in a natural horizontal sweep below with one hand while simultaneously operating a fingers and in a natural Toggle between thumb and vehicle and keeping one's eyes on the travel path fingers to alternate between functions and letters. ahead. Ideal for: aircraft, submarines, spacecraft, • Key Assignment Load of each finger is cars, trucks, tanks and other vehicles. commensurate with the neural capacity of each finger. A "smart" finger, such as the index finger

Military Wearables: Soldiers can place, attach, (due to high neuronal capacity) has more keys or embed an OrrPad to their pants leg or other assigned to it. Whereas Qwerty has more keys location to allow them to type with just one hand, assigned to the less coordinated baby fingers; thus, and not have to hold a device with the other hand. users index hunt and peck on Qwerty.

• Global Language Scripts: For billions across ilitary Vehicles - F-16 Fighter Jet the globe, and for those who write in multiple languages, this system can be applied to any script.

BEFORE- current hunt-and-peck design of the F- • Universal Application of OrrPad is possible for 16 Fighter jet pilot keypad: any vehicle air or sea craft or on any device

(PC PDA Mp3/Phone/GPS) to enable a universal

AFTER- with Orr Pad: input system.

F- 16 FIGHTER JET Orr Pad enabled Pilot Keypad:

• Cross-Coordinate Navigation of vowels and

consonants, or meme blocks of other language

properties, as reference coordinates to create a

relative position "map" to locate keys, akin to a

musical instrument where each sound/letter has a

predictable relationship to others and to the whole.

• One Hand 5x6 Grid enables reach of all keys

under one hand without looking at the keys, much

as an accountant can keep eyes on a spreadsheet

while simultaneously rapidly operating a ten key

calculator, because it is with under one hand. Eyes

stay on the page, not looking at the keyboard.

Pilots can look out the window or at a heads-up

display while typing, not looking at the keyboard. 6. A Human Language Matrix- Orr Pad for

^• Blind was designed for use by the blind. The Foreign Language Access:

layout can be cognitively memorized at first use, OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

The Orr Pad keypad system enables a matrix of

the world's writing systems. The inscription

known as the Rosetta Stone once permitted the

translation of an extinct language by multiple side- by-side record of known languages. Today, in

reference to the Rosetta Stone, the RosePad is a

keypad that can write, identity and translate either

ancient languages in the field for archeologists and

other interested parties.

7. Samples of Modern Orr Pad Scripts:

ROMAN ORRPAD CYRILLIC ALPHABET: serves 600 million speakers of 50 Euro-Asiatic Cyrillic languages

GREEK ORR PAD serves 1 1 million speakers and CH INESE ORR PAD: Pinyin & Wubizixing serves International scientific standard of Greek symbols 1.3 billion speakers of 8,000 Chinese dialects in

Mainland China with an alternate of Cang Jie and OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Mililary, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

for offshore Chinese- Bopomofo piggybacked and

Q9 on the number panel for users in Taiwan and

Hong Kong. Japanese and Korean OrrPads also

feature Chinese characters. (SEE Chinese section

for preferred Chinese OrrPads)

BKAIIMI ORRPAD- is an intricately woven cross- navigational linguistic system that can be applied to 16 different unique Brahmi scripts. Although

the actual letters of the 16 scripts are different, the

JAPANKS O R PAD: Hiragana presented below. 16 Brahmi scripts share similar linguistic roots. Katakana matches with one-to-one mapping and (SEE Brahmi section for best mode Brahmi Chinese and Roman scripts piggybacked to OrrPad)

provide full Japanese language and writing

capability in all Japanese scripts of Hiragana,

Katakana, Romaji and Kanzi Chinese characters:

7a. Orr Pad Musical Instrument: Claimed is a digital musical instrument (DMI) on a one or two OrrPad focus fields. A piano is not the size of a OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

focus field: it possesses two work arenas the size of keyboards or other instruments to be able to of an octave moving within the peripheral reach of write their own musical compositions, thus four octaves per hand. The Orr Pad musical enabling more persons to write their own music, keyboard contains its musical scale within one (or even absent musical instrument motor-skill. two) hand-sized focus fields. In the electronic age,

without the need for acoustic capability, there is no Currently, keyboards and sampling of other reason why a keyboard instrument cannot be made person's works are the principle means of to be small. After all, violinists and guitarists move composition on digital instruments today. their hands in very small focus fields to depress Digitizing vocal information into compositions strings. The Orr Pad keypad system claims the use could revolutionize music making and increase of the keys of a focus-field (a set of keys that can access to the joy of song writing. The means of fit within the reach of one hand) as a digital making such a device is simple and is a new-use musical instrument. Shown in the enclosed combination of existing technologies: allow drawing is a schematic of how the sounds of the composers to record their voice and simply modify musical staff might be arranged on a 5x8 hand- the software user interface to make using vocal sized keypad. However, any-sized focus field is input as easy as keyboard input as the basis of claimed. A smaller focus field such as 5x5 would musical composition or modifying existing simply have fewer octaves available. The digital compositions. A voice-based composer requires musical instrument (DMI) may be adapted for the only a vocal recording input method and Qwerly and is so claimed. The inventive idea is corresponding software interface. It is not still the same. The instrument can be integrated necessary to have a musical keyboard available or into another device or a standalone device played skill to play it. If you can hum or sing, you can with one or two hands. have those compositions written into music and then electonically changed into instruments. Here,

Note Modifying Toggle: Additionally, the the voice becomes a means and a point of inventor claims the toggling capability of each key departure for creating and modifying musicalor the purpose of modifying its sound qualities in composition. However with a keyboard one would a similar fashion as a violinist might wiggle strings have the additional means of accessing and in his left hand or with his bow in his right to modifying musical notes that perhaps was initially modify sound qualities or to provide a means of created by the singing voice.

transforming a natural sound into a sharp or flat as

found in the utility of piano black keys which

provides sharp flat versions of the adjacent natural 8. Orr Pad Scientific or Business Calculator: notes; or other modification of sounds. Claimed is an Orr Pad Business and Scientific

Calculator whereby: a full text keypad is

7b. Voice-based Composer: The new use integrated onto a calculator. For use as one or claimed, which permits the recording and more (or other purpose) such as the following: modification of the voice for the purpose of

inputting melody or sound as the basis of new (1) A Mathematical Alphabetical Directory is musical composition or to modify existing musical claimed which allows the user to alphabetically compositions on an OrrPad. This would allow locate scientific or business calculation functions. users to merely hum or sing new melodies or For example: listing "logarithmic functions" under melody modifications into their Orrpad as a the letter "L" or "Square root symbol may be musical device and then have the electronic found clustered with the letter "S".

capability to rework those sounds or pitch

sequences into any instrument or octave or other (2) Word Problem Capability by making the musical modification by any person. Thus, anyone alphabetical keypad available to the calculating who can hum could compose. Even notes deemed functions to state and solve mathematical word faulty, hummed or sung by, could be corrected at problems. This claimed innovation of a text will by the composer. Nearly every human being calculator could be used to state and solve word is endowed with the ability to play a musical problems such as "How much is 3.016% of instrument, their natural musical instrument, is the $89,045.16?"

wind instrument of their natural voice. Digitizing

those sounds will allow users to compose and (3) Alphabetical Text Augmentation of calculations correct flaws, transpose into musical score and or numerical lists tables or charts. A combination transpose those vocal sounds into any instrument alphabetical keypad and calculator makes available or combination of instruments. This tool could an alphabet to augment mathematical functions also allow those who do not have the motor-skill OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

with ordinary text such as item listings like "Rent" found the innovation is still claimed. (See separate or "Dr. Smith" or "coefficient". section for "Orr Pad Scientific Calculator Claim" (4) International Standard for the location of the in this patent filing.)

International Language of Scientific Greek Keys:

The innovation is claimed of locating international I CLAI M : ORR PAD SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR: Greek and scientific functions where they can be The Orr calculator can have any of the options of a alphabetically found. The Greek symbols, business or scientific calculator; but unlike other scientific and mathematical functions are clustered calculators, the Orr calculator features the on or near the host letter with the closet

following aids; all of which are helpful to the alphabetical relationship. Thus, placement of

disabled in locating keys, as an underlying system international Greek scientific symbols on or near of logic is given.

an alphabetical host such as listing the Greek

16.1 Alphabetical Function Location- Functions symbol and mathematical function of delta "Δ" are listed as logically as possible with the first way under the host letter D or beta "β" under "B" being to look under the letter heading of the which is also in correct Greek order; or listing in a function according to alphabetical order. The name queue of choices square root and sine as well as of the function can be matched to the letter of the the Greek symbol and mathematical function of key face. This feature makes it substantially easier "∑" under the host of the letter "S". The Orr Pad to find functions. For example, "exponent" is preferred embodiment design with the AEIOU / found under the letter key E. "Cosine" is found ABC cross navigation allows the best consistency under C. "Radians" is found under R. "Tangent" possible of congruent international placement of under T and so forth. Any function or symbol both a Greek and Roman alphabetical order. needed on a calculator can be organized in the Orr However, the claim is made for Greek clustering alpha-proximate locator system.

on any keypad design. 16.1 .1 Piggybacking of Functions- If and when the target alphabetical order key already has an

This system would finally permit convenient

occupant function, secondary and additional casual and integrated insertion of full text

functions under that same letter may be capability in business, scientific and other

piggybacked and found with shift or option keys. mathematical documents and vice versa and

Symbols for functions found by using shift and standardize the location of scientific functions on

option keys may be shown on the face of the keys calculators so that they are located where they are

in the comer or may just be seen after striking the most easily found: alphabetically.

shift or option

Orr Pad Scientific Calculator: 16.1 .2 Proximal Alphabetical Location of

Functions- In addition to, or alternatively; vg Ωί ι / 1

functions may be located on adjacent keys laterally

or diagonally in keeping with an approximate alphabetical order; so that functions are clustered adjacently in the environs of the alphabetical

Cos CDeg^Y KLN^K Q%⁶ W '/x 4 5 6 x target. In the example below, D is already g^ad ^≡Xx^y 1 2 3 - occupied by "decimal"; so an additional function,

Dec Hyp*¹ Lo

"degree", was located diagonally adjacently under

O O Mod ^μ Sine* Yso^ · 0 = + G. This way, users can find most functions by looking for them alphabetically and then shifting

O O NN! Τ₃η^τ Ζ ^{ζ ζ} O O O O or looking on adjacent keys.

16.1 .3 Shape & Concept Location of Functions-

Orr Calculator Text keypad on QWERTY: In addition to looking in alphabetical order,

Q% VV l/X Exp Rad Tan Y-SD U-Sci Inv 0+/-ΡΪ Π including an alpha-proximate adjacent key search, and option or shift keys; the next locator Ave Sine rac G-Deg Hyp J K-LogN Log

mnemonics are ideas, shape or sound, etc. For

Zx^z Xx*y Cos Wx Bin NN! Mod example, letters O and U; which have been given in other arenas as symbols of universality may be

All claims of the Orr Scientific Calculator or Orr

used for more "universal" general functions such Business Calculator are made for any language

as +- and sci. An example of a shape mnemonic is and any style text keypad, such as Qwerty, not just

the Orr Pad preferred embodiment. Though the as follows: Q bears a visual resemblance to Θ and precise order of symbols may be modified until a % are thus located clustered with Q.

consensus within the scientific community is OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

16.2. Scientific & Business Functions given here Claimed is a communication or information device are examples of how to apply the Orr method of with a keypad or a phone or both affixed to the combining an alphanumeric keypad with a body on the wrist in a similar fashion as a watch calculator and the Orr method of function location. and can also be inclusive of a watch. The Orr Pad However, functions are not just restricted to the preferred embodiment keypad design best enables functions given in these examples. Any other the placement of a keypad on the wrist because of function is claimed when employing the Orr its suitability for being made small and operated method. Other functions deemed necessary by a with one hand or a stylus. (See fig. drawing) user or manufacturer may be incorporated into a

Claimed is a wrist-based spacekeypad or spacepad keypad by the Orr method.

whereby signals are cast and or received by a

16.2.2. Orr Calculator Specialized Layers may device worn on the wrist to create a keypad in free be changed with an option key; in the same way space into which a user may type. An Orr we change language character sets in order to spacepad can cast a hardware free keypad for users access the specialized calculators such as: to type in free space or a claim for a wrist based everyman calculator, tax, stock-market, loan, laser keypad whereby a laser keypad is cast onto a investment, actuary or other business calculators, a surface from the wrist device so that the user may real estate calculator, engineering calculator, a enjoy the familiarity of typing on a hard surface. graphing calculator, astronomical calculator, etc.

Additional functions may be substituted, custom- programmed, or added by shifting and/or adding

another change of character/function layer. 10. Orr Pad Spacekeypad or Spacepad: Claimed

16.3 The Alphanumeric Typing Calculator. The is a spacekeypad communication or information idea of placing a scientific or business calculator device, worn on the wrist like a watch, as a ring, or on top on an alphanumeric keypad also provides other method, to set a field to thus enable a for a keypad with which to type text. The Orr spacepad, whereby the user merely types in space Scientific Calculator can type text of any usual into the field cast from the watch-like device, purpose, and for accounting may type text which registers the placement of the fingers to headings, to identify a list of accounted items or enable the user to break a field to create a signal, more fully describe a mathematical problem. that is entered as keystroke information. A writing

16.3.1 Word Problems- The Orr Pad also enables instrument that allows the user to type or the technology to read, write, understand and solve handwrite in free space or on any surface. Input of word problems, such as "What is 5% of 100?" just letters is transmitted to the user's PDA or by typing in the text of the question, or with voice computer monitor, holographic or other spatial recognition, asking the question verbally. The On- visual as writing.

alphanumeric keypad claims these features. Can be

Any suitable receiver system can be implemented. compatible with existing word problem software

One example is an Orr Pad claimed system, such as Math Cad.

similar to that of the naturally occurring dolphin

16.4 Languages- As English, Roman and Greek reception of signals, which could calculate the Letters are the current standards in the scientific precise spatiotemporal location of finger community, the keypad complies with that relationships or relationship of fingers to the wrist standard. The Orr methods may also be adapted to and thus keystroke input. On the end of each other languages and are similarly so clamed. Any finger, or writing stylus, can be a reception array language keypad can be made to have an On- unit with offset receivers in relationship one to the scientific calculator and may be may be applied to other (like dolphin teeth) to allow the accurate other language keypads. perception of distances relative to the base even

16.5 The Calculator Option- The Orr Scientific while the base might moving and changing Calculator may be an option for any keypad. dynamically, the relationship between fingers and Selected by option keys or menus, similar to the base remains constant.

changing a language. Additionally, a computer

can have a pop-up on-screen Orr calculator I CLA IM- SPACEKEYPAD: Claimed is a: (a) window that may be clicked on and off as needed. "spacekeypad" or "spacepad" or other name;

whereby a user may merely type fingers in space and the location of the fingers breaks a signal emanating from a device, such as worn on the wrist, or other, to effect a keystroke and input.

9. Wristpad, Watchpad or Watchphone: OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts. -

A one-hand spacekeypad layout must permit each

key to have a unique position relative to the fixed

wrist so that which spacekey signal being broken is

unambiguous. Qwerty cannot permit this. The Orr

Pad AEIOU cross grid modified for spacepad use

enables the one-hand spacepad. A layout may be

pre-set or custom set according to the user.

To custom set the key positions of the spacepad

layout, the user turns on the "layout setting" option

and sets each layout key as follows: the user

merely types in space the short alphabetical -V- sequence for each finger; wherever the finger falls

is where that key may be set. For example, the

letters ABCD are assigned to the index finger, the ^'-5 ^"r

user types ABCD vertically in space and where the '-ψ.₍

fingers fall is where the spacekeys shall be once

the user agrees to "set" the positions. -z-^'-^f

Example: The Spatial Domain of one Spacekey. TMI;.MH The field broken is not a square, but a threshold, or

reigon violated. The threshold can be modified to

size, sha

VERTICAL FINGER CHANNELING: Vertical channeling of alphabetical order significantly improves motor-memory and enables ease of use on a spacekeypad application. This is because each finger is assigned keys in alphabetical order

making cognitive memory near instantaneous and

Spatial position of spacekeys may be set and reset motor-memory easier to acquire with applied according to the most natural position for the practice. A spacepad could be blind if needed but user's finger placement: For example: the vertical would require practice and thus a motor-memory sequence of ABCD and EFGH may be fan shaped aid such as vertical alphabetical order to assist this to match the fan action of the assigned index process is vital for the success of the user- and the finger. Or U may be dropped lower than 0 to success of the product. With vertical alphabetical accommodate the shorter pinkie finger if the order the mind can more quickly memorize an pinkie finger is assigned the letters U V W X Y Z. index finger assignment of ABCD- EFGH than memorizing an index finger assignment of TYGHBN. Fingers naturally move up-and-down principally in vertical channels; rather like waving bye-bye. The best method to memorize letter assignments for is to maintain a vertical alphabetical order for each finger.

The spacekeypad claim includes other aspects: (b) A spacepad device which emanates a signal; such as from a claimed Orr Pad watchkeypad or

other watch-like or even a claimed ring device

worn on the finger or wrist or other body part or claimed signal device held into place by or as

NATURAL POSITION OF A FOUR-FINGER FALL IN A clothing or merely held in the hand or placed on a LEFT-HANDED ORIENTATION: surface or emanating from an external support

whereby a signal system may be cast forth that can be broken by the movement of fingers into a^' "space" designated for a particular key. The inventor claims the innovation of casting a keypad in a position relative to the wrist or in a ring OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

device casting a signal of finger movement default of the spacepad allows only one key to be relative to each finger, or affixed by or embedded struck at a time.

into the body or clothing which casts a pad arena

(i) A custom 3-D Spatial Arena Grid is claimed relative the worn device such as cast from a waist

whereby (he user types his space keypad into this device, eyeglasses, head wear or armband, etc;

air and setting his grid dimensions in an Orr Pad, thus, allowing the user to move their hand in space

Qwerty, any custom manner or to his or her finger and wherever the wrist goes (or other relative

movements. OR:

position signal emanating device) so will the

(j) The device can emanate a fixed-design 3-D keypad follow.

Spatial Arena Grid or a fiat fixed qwerty suitable only for the one-hand spacepad.

The Orr Pad preferred embodiment of the

Spacepad introduces the innovations of: (c) There is currently a grid on the market that casts a Keypad signals emanating relative to the wrist so fixed grid onto a surface; however the Orr Pad that the keypad moves where the hand moves. claims innovative features beyond their invention : Since the fingers and hand have a fixed range of (a) The casting of a signal from a watch-like motion relative to the wrist any motion of the device so that the keypad moves with the hand and fingers is unam biguous relative to the wrist thus thus the signal grid is relative to the user's wrist or this innovation enables the one hand wrist front other fixed position from where the signal projection spacekeypad. (d) Alternatively, a Orr emanates. A fixed relative position is essential in Pad wrist device may project a keypad, laser, enabling a spacekeypad. The inventor exploits the holographic or other, below the wrist of one hand fact that fingers always move precisely relative to onto which the user may type with the other hand. the wrist. Thus a clean keypad grid may be cast This is called a Two Hand Wrist Projection form the wrist and the fingers may move in that method and would be the easiest to implement spatial arena to type.

with today's technology. The inputted information b) THE 3-D ASPECT is an innovation, so users may could be read on a watch screen or transmitted to a type in space more readily, if the shape and larger screen (on either a one hand or two hand positional disposition of the spacekeys is variable spacepad.) There may or may not be an image for in size, shape, position and curvature and size, etc. the user to see. In principle an image is not to accommodate the shape on the way their necessary for operation, but may be necessary to personal fingers naturally fall. This feature marks appeal to the new user. Once users acquire motor- the key location boundary to be broken to fit memory they could type blindly in space with where the fingers move, rather than on a surface; confidence; yet a visible guide would always and is (b) a customizing feature of the Spacepad remain desirable.

(e) The breaking of signals or a signal relative A one-hand space keypad has ( 1 ) an arrangement position detection method may be used. (0 Thus, of letters that allows the user to type in space, also claimed is movement detection relative to the because each key assignment has a specific other fingers rather than the movement of fingers relationship to the whole of the other keys relative relative to the wrist. Signals and thus relative to the forearm, wrist fingers; or other point of position detection may be received and or reference where a field may be cast onto which transmitted by rings, embedded devices, special one types. When the arm is moved, therefore the nail polish or other form of tracking changes in the entire system is moved.

relative position movements of fingers, (g) Orr Pad

claims the optional innovation of: A three- ( l b) Whereas with qwerty, the keypad does not dimensional spatial arena keypad that the signals conform to the hand, the hand conforms to the create. The 3D innovation allows the fingers to keypad; moving the hand over the keypad as find a discrete area designated for a particular key required, violating the relative position of keys more readily than being limited to an emanated located in relationship to the wrist, to strike keys. keypad with a flat surface. Emanating a keypad in

three dimensions shapes allows maximum ( l c) The small Orr Pad layouts enables a one-hand flexibility of the keypad to conform to where spacekeypad because each individual person may fingers most naturally fall. Whereas the two-hand type in space to set the position of each finger spacepad could emanate a flat screen, the one-hand assignment, by breaking a field, to establish for spacepad is likely to be curved to follow natural each person, a unique location for each key finger-fall positions, (h) Additionally, a 4^lh relative to a unique position of each of the other dimension of time can be introduced whereby the keys. OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

A limitation of the Qwerty is that its arrangement the field at the unique place of each letter or of letters does not facilitate relative position typing function relative to the whole of the cast field. in space. If the keypad moves with the wrist, it is

difficult for qwerty cannot offer relative position

as it is very wide, fingers cross signals spaces, the 1 1. Mobile Police or Medical Emergency keys are offset one to the other, and the absence of Dispatch One Pad Terminal: The Orr Pad system mnemonic to the layout makes it more difficult for enables comfortable full-text typing on a small users to begin to memorize the position of the electronic device. Each police officer or keys. The Qwerty however could be used, if emergency personnel in the field (or other field desired on the one-hand spacepad emanating form worker) could have a tiny hand-held computer the bottom of the wristpad. Even then, one would communication device with them at all times or be typing with one hand and the cross navigation mounted in their car like a GPS navigation system. keypad would be preferable, but Qwerty could be The user may type one-handed without looking at used on the one-hand spacepad and is so claimed. the keypad while still operating a vehicle or could remove and hold the unit in hand: for one thumb,

The Orr Pad enables a spacekeypad as the user is two-thumb, one index finger or full one-hand able to easily type in space the Orr Pad operation. The small unit may have its own small arrangement, break a field, and establish the key screen, but when mounted, it could automatically position for their hand. Each key location will be be connected to larger screen. The Police (or able tot have a unique position relative to the Emergency personnel or other field worker) could whole that a user can memorize and execute. The take their OnePad back into the office (or home) above definition of the spacekeypad innovation containing their own information to be connected and method is claimed as part of the domain of the to a larger desktop monitor. Their One Pad can be Orr Pad. Some of Qwerty's limitations to enable a continuously updated by the main police or spacekeypad are as follows: Qwerty is too wide at emergency dispatch office and also serve as a ten keys across. An Orr Pad can offer 5 keys phone for the men in the field.

across. With ten keys, the hand would have to

sweep significantly at the wrist to find a unique 12. A Yellow Pages Keypad, Direct Directory, position relative to the fixed portion of the Direct 41 1 or 91 1 Service by typing: The Orr forearm. As it is, even an Orr Pad requires some Pad enables a small keypad suitable for placement lateral wrist motion, although minimal, to establish not only on mobile phones, but also on phones unique positions of each key relative to the manufactured for home or office use, which would forearm. It is on the forearm, just above the wrist, allows 41 1 and 91 1 by typing requests of where on may wear, a watch or watch-like device, assistance, which may be provided by phone or bracelet or implant, etc.; or other device that directory companies, or city emergency dispatch. casts a field: infrared, radio or other, that may be

"broken" when the fingers "type" in space. This Claimed is a Direct Directory or Direct 411 or innovation is claimed whether the user employs an 911 whereby a user directly types requests and Orr Pad letter layout or not. A claim is made for receives a direct reply to their request on the any arrangement of keys that the user chooses in screen of their phone or other receiving device. order to type in "space" into a field set by a device

which moves when the arm moves; but not when

the hand and fingers move in order to type. A This would be of great economic value to phone distinction is made between the innovation of a directory companies as it would reduce the number laser infrared or other field cast such as in the field of 41 1 live operators that were necessary and cast onto a flat table onto which one types and the directory requests could be better controlled by the Orr Pad innovation of having a field be cast from user and at less expense to the consumer.

the wrist to enable the Orr Pad spacekeypad. The preferred embodiment of the Orr Pad allows Casting the field from the wrist area allows the easy one-hand dialing or one index finger or one user to "carry" the field wherever they move their thumb control as users presently employ on their arm. However, a second innovation required to go current phones. The 5 key across Orr Pad can fit along with the fied being cast from an arm device, neatly on hand-held cordless phones or on the the is an arrangement of keys whereby each key has a base of desk phones.

relationship to the whole, no matter where one

moves one's arm: the wrist, hand and fingers and Direct 411 Directory is claimed for any keypad hand can move freely across the cast field to break layout including Qwerty, etc. in any language on a phone or other device. OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1 /91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

Direct 41 1 for Mule, Speech Impaired or those small viewing screen, full-text-and-mouse who speak a Foreign Language on phones would electronic computer document creation and where allow the hearing impaired or those speaking a airwave phone or internet is available, full-text foreign language to type 41 1 inquiries from any communication and web-browsing would be phone and access Yellow Pages and Directory possible with an Orr Pad keypad.

Services without speaking or hearing,

16. Orphaned Orr Pad / One Pads for the Poor:

13. Hotel & Hospitality Phone (Not a claim, just a suggestion to increase access)

An OrrPad enabled in-house phone system in The biggest problem of universal access to hotels and other businesses can provide typing electronic communication is access for the poor, capability to allow guests to order room service, the illiterate and those without electricity, receive messages, direct questions to the fronldesk computers or internet coverage. Electronics are or concierge and type 41 1 Directory requests. If expensive; and society faces having two groups: web-connected, guests could get restaurant or the have and the have-nots of access to electronic tourist info, or check email. communications. Orr Pad suggests the Orr Pad

One Pad units; which are no longer used by their owners, are considered Orphaned Orr Pads. The Orphaned Orr Pad/ One Pads or other used

14. GPS Units: The one handed capability of Orr electronic devices; can be recycled to help with the Pad makes it far better suited than Qwerty for use goal of universal access to electronic while operating an auto, aircraft, or sea-craft. The communication highways, by donating their old vertical ABC allows immediate memorization of units to be adopted by the needy and receive a tax letter assignments for each finger. Exceptional deduction for their donation. Orr Pad devices can multi-language capability allows users, such as in be very small, therefore inexpensive and very auto rental, to conveniently change language to language rich; and of course, motor-memory user suit the changing customer. There were $ 14 friendly. Thus, Orr Pad One Pads and phones with billion sales of GPS units in year 2003. embedded Orr Pads and Internet access can be the small language capable and user-friendly first electronic typing communication and information devices for developing peoples.

15. TV Remote: An OrrPad enabled combination

Remote + Keyboard + Mouse woild alllow one 16. Combined-use Applications: Orr Pad claims hand or one thumb input into a remote control in the innovation of the combined use of any Orr Pad system innovation with any non-OrrPad product order to communicate with the TV. One could

directly type the name of a movie, search the TV such as, but not limited to: cell phones, pagers, or cable guide, search the Help section, order a land phones, navigation systems such as GPS, any pay-per-view film, etc. Or, if connected to the remote control device, personal digital assistants web, make Twitter and Facebook comments, or (PDAs), translators, information devices, surf the web, or check email, all with the remote communications devices, internet devices, photo contro and TV as monitor. The OrrPad layout or video devices, computer keyboards, keypads in allows users to type letters while keeping eyes on general, mouse (mice?), security systems, ATM the monitor. By year 2000, there were over 1 machines, information kiosks, musical and music billion televisions worldwide. playing devices; or any other product, invented or not yet invented, in combination with any Orr Pad system innovation. The above are some example products, but not limited to, that are potential

13. Public Phones, Kiosk or Registration licensees of Orr Pad innovations. (See Drawings Modules can be equipped with an OrrPad: for pictures)

14. Hand Power: Orr Pad claims a hand-crank

powered version of an Orr Pad PDA or phone or

other communication device to empower those

without access to electricity or internet to power

their device and thus receive phone and internet

access through airwaves when available. If the

user has an Orr Pad keypad enabled device with OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 41 1/91 1 , Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

16. Any Orr Pad feature is claimed on any 1 - Onboard: Auto/Truck/Plane/Spacecraft/Boats/ device or APPLICATION Subs/Taxis or other vehicles.

1 - Yellow Pages / 41 1 Directory or 91 1 for 20- Any Size Monitor, Desk, Notebook, Laptop, Phone, PC, PDA, etc. Phone, Hand-held, Hip-top, Watch, etc.

2- Phones of any kind: Home, public, office, 21 - Micro or mini Watch or Pen-sized computers, computer, mobile, PDA, 3G, etc. phones, GPS, or PDA's

3- MouseKeyPads and one-hand keypads 22- Police or Emergency or Medical or Dispatch

4- CD/Mp3 players, Radio Tuners; or any other Terminals, or Morse code applications. media players. 23- Braille and Speech or Hearing impaired

5- Navigation systems, GPS or any other Keypad applications

6- ATM machines 24- Para or Quadriplegic, Cerebral Palsy or other

7- TV, TV Remote, web TV remote and disability enabling applications.

Convergence TV keypad applications 25- Cyborgs, robots, virtual reality keypads or

8- Musical application using Orr keypad features artificial brains.

9- Games 26- 3G or other convergence technology

10- Alphabet or Typing Tutor teaching tools 27- Neural implant information input applications. 1 1 - Cameras 28- Touch Screen Pad, Point and click keypad.

12- Alarms or Security Systems 29- Any non-electronic presentation of the keypad

13- Inventory Input systems or Sales Registers arrangements, such as an image

14- Language Translators and Transliterators 30- Credit Cards

15- Calculators 31 - Any electronic device or computer; and any

16- Electronic Wallets, Currency or Smart Cards other present, past or future technology or

17- Machines for stenography, court reporter, application that employs a keypad.

shorthand, phonetic phonography, etc. (See Drawings for sample images of

18- Any Remote input or control device potential combined-use applications)

OrrPad - Language Scripts: INTRO 1. Roman 2. Greek 3. Cyrillic (+A1I Euro OrrPad) Part C 1 -4

4a-c. All-Euro OrrPad: Ronian-Greck-Cyrillic 4a ALL EURO PAD- GREEK 5X6: (4b is a 5x5)

The All Euro OrrPad combines Roman, Greek,

and Cyrillic scripts, to represent the major

languages of Europe claimed in either 5x6 or 6x5

orientation. Each Euro Orr Pad writes in over 100

languages. In the All Euro Orr Pad, Roman, Greek

and Cyrillic letters are all in native alphabetical

order. Vowels are clustered in a block for all

languages. Consonants are also blocked for all

languages. It is most mnemonic as an AEIOU

cross. Vertical alphabet channeling allows instant

knowledge of typing assignments for each finger.

4a. ALL EURO PAD- ROMAN:

4c. A

With Greek and Cyrillic as alternates. 5x5 piggied. LL EURO PAD- GREEK 6X5:

Piggied Cyrillic can easily be expanded fully

^• Roman vowels (red) Consonants (black)

• Includes 1 15 Roman accents (green)

• Greek (5x6 pad) is found on lower left (in blue)

^• Cyrillic (5x5) on lower right (pink) Semi-piggied

^• The BFJPV row can accommodate punctuation

• Piggied 5x5 or full Cyrillic 5x6 or 6x5 is claimed

(See 4c for expanded Cyrillic)

The expression Piggied is short for piggybacked,

where more than one character is found on a key.

In this version, letters B+ Ϋ.< + E are piggied on

Roman B+ 1+ E. However, B can be de-piggied

and placed on the Roman F key to the right and

4e. A

still remain in a blocked Cyrillic proxy LL EURO PAD- CYRILLIC 5X6

Also claimed when rotated to become a 6x5, alphabetical order; as F is free, since Cyrillic E is

This OrrPad shows full Cyrillic on keyfaces with piggied with Roman E.

Roman and Greek as alternate scripts.

languages

4b and c. ALL EURO PAD- GREEK 5x5, 5x6, 6x5 : Alternate writing, scripts, accented and special With Cyrillic and Roman as alternate. 5x5 piggied. letters, are found using varied methods for change,

• Greek (red & black) such as shift, accent, option keys, or a menu for a

• Roman on upper left (blue) few letters, and locked for writing scripts if needed

• Cyrillic at upper right (pink)

NEXT document: Chinese OrrPad

This Euro OrrPad writes over 100 languages OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4

CHINESE OR PAD: IDEOGRAPHAPHV Everyday Use of Chinese Writing by non-

Chinese ideograms offer written communication Chinese language speakers is found in Japan, for the five major Chinese languages and Korea, plus select populations in Southeast Asia. numerous local Chinese dialects. Chinese writing Chinese Orr Pads are combined with Korean, is in everyday use in Japan, Korea and Southeast Japanese and other character sets. In these non- Asia where significant written Chinese is standard, Chinese nations, although the characters are mixed with their local phonetic scripts. Chinese, they are not read in spoken Chinese.

Instead, the Chinese characters are read in the local

CHINESE LANGUAGES: Mandarin (Beijing, et al) language. The Japanese read the same Chinese Jin, Wu, Hui, Xiang · Cantonese, Penghui, characters Chinese speakers read, but in Japanese (Guandong)- Hakka, Kejia (HongKong) · Wu spoken language and the Koreans read Chinese (Shanghai)- Min, Fuijian (Taiwan); plus an characters in Korean spoken language. They do estimate of 8,000 local dialects. Additionally, not read thinking or speaking Chinese language in Chinese is spoken by Chinese emigres worldwide. Mandarin or Cantonese. They use Chinese characters but express that character in their native tongue. For example, the Chinese character, meaning woman, ^~ would not be read by Japanese people in spoken Mandarin, but rather it would be read as the Japanese word for woman. Thus, Japanese, Korean and Chinese people read Chinese characters in their own language. The inventor reads the Chinese characters in English.

OrrPad can type in any form of Chinese writing:

Mainland China: Taiwan/ HK: Korea/Japan:

• Pinyin · Bopomofo · Hanzi 8$2 • Simplified · Traditional · Kanji itT) • Chinese Phonetic Language, etc.

OrrPad can adapt numerous input methods:

1. Phonetic Roman: Pinyin, Wade-Giles, Yale, Cantonese Pinyin, Penkyamp, and any other.

MB ¾8 J* 2. Phonetic Chinese: Zhuyin Bopomofo, or other.

3. Morphological/Shape: Wubizixing, Simplified tJj Λ Cangjie, Cangjie, Q9, Four-Corner Method

82 4. Stroke: Five-Stroke method, Dayi method, CKC

Chinese Input System, Stroke Count method.

5. Numeric Pad: Q9, Four-Corner Method or Five-Stroke Method. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4

CHINESE is written and spoken in its various TAIWAN & HONG KONG: (2) BOPOMOFO Zhuyin is forms by 1.3 billion people. Most languages use a a phonetic form of Chinese taught in Taiwan, phonetic system where letters represent sounds of where the most complicated written Chinese form the spoken language. However, Chinese does not (3) TRADITIONAL CHINESE is the standard. There have phonetic sound letters but characters are an estimated 56,000 Traditional Chinese representing ideas. For example the Chinese characters. Bopomofo and Traditional Chinese, as characters meaning sun 0 and moon^ combined a system, allows speakers of all ages, from lowest into a single character of: B Ά means "bright" as to highest levels of literacy to communicate. this is a quality both the sun and moon share. Children start with phonetic Bopomofo and Since ideas are expressed rather than sounds, gradually learn Traditional ideographic characters. Chinese ideographic text may be read and The more characters someone knows, the more understood across the myriad of different sounding texts one can read. Adequate "newspaper" literacy spoken languages. Those who are literate in China, is about 6,000 traditional characters. Bopomofo, Japan and Korea, and South Asia who have which gives the phonetic sound of the word, is learned Chinese characters can read them, even often written next to the traditional character in though they speak different languages and case the reader needs the extra help.

pronounce the characters completely differently.

JAPAN & KOREA- (4) KAN.II and HANZI, are names

TRADITIONAL CH IN ESE is used mostly outside of given to the Traditional Chinese characters that are China in Taiwan, Japan, Korea, etc. It is comprised used in Japan and Korea. Japan has an official list of 50,000 or so characters: each representing of 2500 Kanji characters for use in Japan.

individual ideas rather than sounds. The "ideas"

OrrPad includes these Chinese methods:

are written as STROKES of the pen; and when

layered, these strokes create the stroke-layered 1 . Pinyin or other Roman Method OrrPads are ideogram characters of Chinese. Each addition of a input methods using Roman letters to phonetically stroke adds complexity of meaning. There are 12 write Chinese language according to the sound of types of stokes. Up to 33 such stokes can be the words, which is then transcribed automatically layered into one character. Each character fits into into Chinese characters by software. Pinyin Orr a uniform rectangular shape. Strokes are layered in Pad may be combined with other Chinese OrrPads. a specific order. Chinese was originally written All Pinyin vowel accents are accommodated. vertically but may also be written horizontally.

The ideas are organized by RADICALS which is a 2. Cangjie Method OrrPad (-fr£S$fuA)£ ) sorts simple stroke character representing the simplest Chinese characters into four morphological groups form of an idea such as A meaning "person". By based on radical shapes, which are the shapes that adding stokes to the radical, one achieves greater represent the simplest ideas from which more differentiation of that concept such as "sales complex ideas and characters are constructed. person" or "teacher person". Example below: 3. Wubi Method OrrPad (aS-g^S OrrPad)

Sample Construction of a Chinese Character: Wubi, short for Wubizixing (H ^ ), is an input method based on stroke structure of characters rather than phonetic pronunciation or shape.

Person: Man: Chivalrous Knight:

4a. Five Stroke Method OrrPad (.E¾¾J ) The

Notice, in the example above, the carry over of the

Wubi Hua or Five Stroke method, is radical A meaning "person" in all three words.

based on the stroke order of the actual writing of

MAINLAND CHINA: ( I ) PINYIN is the official Chinese characters using the numerical keypad. phonetic system of Mandarin in Mainland China 4b. Four Corner method (E ft ©) The Four and is written with Roman letters. The Roman corner method locates Chinese characters by OrrPad serves PinYin plus its extra accent depressing just four numerical digits that each markings. It is included on all Chinese Orr Pads. represent a style of stroke used in Chinese writing ( 2) SIM PLI FIED CHIN ESE is a stroke-simplified to access all characters, however complex.

version of Traditional Chinese invented to increase

literacy. Simplified Chinese Orr Pad input 5. Bopomofu Method Orrpad is a phonetic methods include, but are not limited to: (a) Qwerty Chinese writing method comprised of unique 35 adaptation method, (b) Pinyin Translation method characters, which reflect radicals used in Taiwan. whereby Chinese is typed in phonetic Pinyin and

6. Other, including Qwerty remap to OrrPad grid. software translates Pinyin into Chinese characters. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chi Part C - 4

Part l a-g. ROMAN PHONETIC METHODS: was invented by the British in 1858, modified in l a. Chinese Mandarin Pinyin (ftf lli): Pinyin is a 1912, but was superseded by Pinyin in 1979.

Wade-Giles is still understood and used mostly by system whereby Roman script to used to

Chinese and foreigners outside of Mainland China. phonetically write Chinese languages. The 26

A Wade-Giles OrrPad writes using unique accents. Roman letters with 26 vowel accents designed for

Chinese language pronunciation is the official Comparison of Pinyin and Wade-Giles Mandarin: system for phonetic writing of Mandarin in Example: the word At ifc in Pinyin is Beijing, Mainland China. Pinyin was approved in 1958, whereas the same word in Wade-Giles is Peking. and in 1979, Mao Tse Tung decreed Pinyin as a

replacement for the Wade-Giles phonetic system. Character: Pinyin: Wade-Giles: The International Organization for Standardization = Beijing = Peking (ISO) adopted pinyin as the international standard = Mao Zedong = Mao³ Tse²-tung' of Romanizing modern Mandarin Chinese. Pinyin iS = TaibSi = T'ai²-pei⁵ was designed for Mandarin only, the largest

Chinese spoken language; and it is not a perfect fit

for other spoken Chinese languages. Thus, other All Cantonese phonetic methods can use Orr Pads: forms of Pinyin and Romanization methods are ld/e: (d) Meyer-Wempe and (e)Yale Cantonese used for Cantonese and other Chinese languages. phonetic Roman methods are the most commonly used systems for Cantonese, and are both claimed l a/b/c. Pinyin Mandarin OrrPad with accents.

when applied to an OrrPad grid.

AEIOU cross (a) vertical and (b) horizontal, and

(c) OrrPad ABC squares, are claimed. If. Penkyamp (iJf ) Cantonese Pinyin OrrPad

(*|in#f li) is a phonetic Roman method to transliterate Cantonese Chinese, which is spoken in south Mainland China, plus Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Kuala Lumpur, and U.S., etc. Since Mandarin and Cantonese are mutually unintelligible one to the other, phonetic Pinyin is not mutually understood. They each need their own Roman method and OrrPad can write both.

1g. Jyutping Cantonese Pinyin: is a recent form of a Roman system adopted by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong, adaptable as an OrrPad.

OrrPad preserves both alphabet and character order as learned by native Chinese speakers.

Diacritic Accents are accessed by an OrrPad

Qwerty keyboards do not preserve alphabet order, accent access method to write the 26 accented

which means Qwerty is less user-friendly than an vowels to convey the tones of Mandarin. Tone- OrrPad. The alphabet song taught to children is the accents are: 1 macron, 2 acute, 3 hacek, 4 grave. most powerful mnemonic for writing and typing. It

Tones Numbers can be placed after vowels as an is a musical mnemonic, and our first, and thus our alternate means of conveying 4 Mandarin tones, most durable memory of ABCs. Children in the which may be converted into the 4 vowel accents. west learn their ABC's to the songs Twinkle For example: Adding a tone number, such as: "Ni3 Twinkle Little Star or Baa Baa Black Sheep. hao3", it can automatically convert to "NI hao". However, children in China are taught a Pinyin

Alphabet Song that is not either of those melodies.

Input Method Editor (IME) software allows

Although using a different melody (shown below), keyboards, including a Pinyin OrrPad, to produce

when Chinese children learn their ABCs they also thousands of Chinese characters from 26 Roman

learn the order of the OrrPad.

letters. You type Roman letters and then the IME

software coverts the text into Chinese characters.

OrrPad makes a claim when applied to any Roman

phonetic methods such as: Wade-Giles Jyutping,

Penkyamp, Meyer-Wempe and Yale.

I c. Wadc-Giles is an early phonetic writing form

of Chinese using the Roman (Latin) letters. It was O P 0- R S T. U V W, X Y z the standard in older (pre 1979) texts. Wade-Giles OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chi: Part C - 4

The OrrPad form of Cangjje is far superior to

Part 2a-c: MORPHOLOGICAL METHOD the Qwerty version of Canjiie for these reasons:

2. Cangjie Method OrrPad sorts The Cangjie OrrPad preserves both the order of the Chinese characters into four morphological four Cangjie categories of Chinese character (shape) groups that represent ideas as radicals. A shapes and Roman alphabetical order. In contrast, Roman letter represents each idea-shape; and from a Qwerty version of Cangji scrambles both the that anchor may the user find and construct all Roman alphabetical order; as well as scrambling complicated characters. This provides a mnemonic the Cangjie morphological order. The Cangj ie morphological method to find Chinese characters. morphological organization combin '¹ - ^{; ,} a mnemonic using the Roman alphabet order gave

The Cangjie system, from which the

Cangjie its promise of ease of use. Since Qwerty

OrrPad Canjiie is derived was invented as a

is not in alphabetical order, it scrambles the order computer input method in 1 79 by Chu Bang Fu

of the Roman alphabet and the mnemonic (ί£ Βίίί ). He named it after Cangjie, the man

categories invented in Cangjie; thus, Qwerty attributed with inventing the first written Chinese. Canjiie destroyed the mnemonic platform upon which the Cangjie system was conceived. In

Typewriting Chinese Characters using Cangjie:

contrast, OrrPad delivers the Cangjie goal of

The Canjiie typing method is similar to how one

providing mnemonic anchors as the OrrPad learns Chinese character construction as a child.

preserves alphabetical and Cangjie category order. To type using the Cangjie method, the user

chooses a mnemonic "anchor type" that represents Additionally, OrrPad offers a vertically channeled an idea embodied as a radical Chinese character.

mnemonic allowing users to write Cangjie one The ideas are grouped as: Elements, Strokes, Body handed and promoting "blind" use whereby users and Shapes, derived from a radical exactly similar need not look at the keypad.

to the process of character construction learned as

a child. After selecting the leading anchor idea OrrPad also enables a very small version of character, further logically derived ideas will stem Cangjie that can fit on a mouse or touchscreen or from the anchor, to thus take the simplest Chinese watch, in an easier to use method with a more character idea and then find or construct that idea mnemonic layout for the many users who already into the most complex Chinese characters. employ the more difficult Qwerty Cangjie method.

EXAMPLE: in order to write the character $

CLAIM: OrrPad makes a claim for an improved meaning "vehicle", one would input † B † to

Cangiie method by adapting it to the 5x6 base grid construct the character: OrrPad system making a new use claim of Cangjie.

Predictive text systems may be applied to Cangjie, How Cangjie organizes character access:

but are not required to be able to use effectively.

Four Cangj ie Morphological Shape Anchor Types:

Qwerty Cangjie: As a computer input-system (Color Blocked for educational purposes) each idea was represented by a Roman letter on

Element St rok e Bod Shape

Qwerty keyboards. Thus, Cangjie typing already

exists on Qwerty with mi llions of people skilled in Four Cangj ie character shape anchors with subsets: its use. OrrPad greatly improves the Cangjie

system by applying it to the OrrPad, thereby (1 ) Element Set: (letters A B C D E F C) maximizing the organizational intent of Cangjie. Representing the elements.

Qwerty Cangjie jumbles alphabet and shape type: (2) Stroke Set: (letters H I J K L M N)

Representing the simple strokes.

^' Q W Έ . R T ^*Y U I O P

- - ? ? σ (3) Body Set: (letters O P Q ft)

-it b i A ' Representing parts of the human body.

A S D F G H J K L (4) Shapes Set: (letters S T V V W Y)

Representing the complex character shapes. Z X C V B N M X and Z represents difficult and special characters. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4

Sample of ideogram construction from idea radical 2a/b/c. Cangje Orrpad: Notice the order of the ELEMENT SET (A B C D E F G): Cangjie shape-idea system, and order of the

Roman alphabet are preserved. Both are claimed.

Sun: a. Canjie 5x6 - Vertical alphabet.

Moon:

Metal:

Wood:

Water:

Fire:

Eanh:

STROKE SET (I I J J K L M N):

Bamboo: H ^r ^j & ^> ^ fe &

Weapon:

b. Canjie 6x5 - Horizontal alphabet.

Bom S I (O P Q R):

Person:

Heart:

Bond:

Mouth:

SHAI'E SET (S T U V Y): Simplified Cangjie Method or ]$/¾) is claimed when converted to the 5x6-6x5 OrrPad

Corpse. S rather than the 10x3 form. Canjie is a Chinese input method in which the user enters only the first

Twenty: T and last keystrokes of the Cangjie system. A list is displayed offering the Chinese characters with Mountain: U

those two components. The user chooses a

Woman: _V ~k ΤΓ >£ "ft character from the list. Simplified Cangjie is suitable for users who are already familiar with

Field: W W Cangjie, as it is a shorthand form of regular

f " ¾ 35 Cangjie. Simplified Cangjie is one of the few input

Fortune: Y ^ jc methods pre-installed on Chinese-capable personal computers. Simplified Cangjie is popular in both Taiwan and Hong Kong. Users in Hong Kong

X & Z. user-defined Shapes:

speak Cantonese rather than the Mandarin spoken

The character iijr meaning "user-defined" is in Taiwan and Mainland China. Thus, Hong sometimes placed on the letter Z along with ί , Kongese will prefer Cangjie or Simplified Cangjie, as they cannot use either Pinyin or the Zhuyin moved from letter X (leaving on X). These (Bopomofo) methods, which are based on the changes can also be applied to an OrrPad. pronunciation of Mandarin. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4

Part 3 ab: STROKE STRUCTURE M ETHOD 3b. Wubi 6x5 Chinese OrrPad: horizontal

3. Wubi Method ) Wubi is

short for Wubizixing

u3 bi3 zi4

xing2), is a computer input method for Chinese

text, and is claimed if converted on the 5x6-6x5

platform instead of the 10x3 platform. The Wubi

method is based on the stroke structure of

characters rather than pronunciation or shape,

making it possible to input unfamiliar characters,

and not be limited to any spoken Chinese dialect;

e.g. Software works for Simplified or Traditional.

Wubi OrrPad includes Roman script for Pinyin.

How Wubi works:

Each GROUP is assigned a type of STROKE:

1 : Horizontal (— )

2: Vertical ( I )

3 : Falling left ( J )

3c. Wubi 5x6 OrrPad Horizontal - top vowels

4: Dots or Falling right ( )

W OrrPad Wubi is better than Qwerty Wubi

Comparison shows a Vertical Wubi OrrPad keeps

3a. Wubi 5x6 Ch inese OrrPad : 5x6 Vertical alphabetical order in stroke groups, unlike Qwerty: A preferred embodiment OrrPad

OrrPad Horizontal stroke= Letters ABCD+2Spaces OrrPad Vertical stroke = Letters E F G H+2Spaces OrrPad Fall left stroke = Letters I J K L M N OrrPad Dot/Fall-right stroke = Letters P Q R S T OrrPad Hook stroke = Letters V W X Y

Qwerty Horizontal stroke = Letters GFSDA Qwerty Vertical stroke = Letters HJKLM Qwerty Fall left stroke = Letters TREWQ Qwerty Dot Fall-right stroke = Letters YUIOP Qwerty Hook stroke = Letters NBVCX

CLAIM: The adaptation of the Wubi system to either a vertical or horizontal 5x6 or 6x5 OrrPad grid, or if enhanced by other OrrPad features.

OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4 .

t um . orzonta an vertca are ot came .

Though vowels run sidesaddle, vertical is also best

for one hand or thumb typing in 4b and 4c. OrrPad - Language Script 4 linese Part C - 4

5. REMAP M ETHOD ORR PAD: Keyboards can be 5a, Qwerty Remap Traditional Chinese OrrPad : re-invented by re-mapping it from its orginal The OrrPad must re-map Qwerty location of letters Qwerty-intended schematic, onto an OrrPad grid, into an OrrPad layout. The folowing input method which is the family of 5x6, 5x6, 6x5, 5x7 to 5x 10 based on "character shape" demonstrates in the grids that serve as the base of the OrrPad system. font called "Kai", but any font can be used.

When remapped, any Qwerty-intended keyboard

automatically becomes a part of the OrrPad family. Here is a a 5x6 AEIOU cross-position traditional

Chinese OrrPad. 6x5 is also claimed. Each of 24

OrrPad employs the 5x5, 5x6, 5x7 and 5x8 grids, keys contains 72 subordinate characters:

occaisionally expanded to 5 1 0 with the 5x6 as the

point of departure; while today's Standard A u U u i 1 ( ) il I J keyboards, on which Qwerty sits, employs the \ ···;·· ·ν· « ^■i f

10x3 grid as its point of departure, expanded to a

I t i- f J j P V 13x4 grid of keys as needed. .ϊί (lit ;¾ 'Ψ «·. -

The 10x3 base Standard keyboard, which hosts c i} a k 0 H w w Qwerty and hundreds of other layouts, in hundreds < ii-j- A. -¾ •lift of languages and special purpose layouts, is a de

1.) ii I I h ! R r X facto worldwide system. OrrPad has developed a

i* ^■l <] · j!!i ^■i'l'f. I | new worldwide system standard.

M in S S Y y

Orrpad claims any remap of a layout of input ;f. ]■)/■ W .¾ # )^" method designed for the 1 0x3 Standard (Qwerty)

N n l / ' .. · , keyboard grid family, when remapped to the 5x5 ih *ϊ Hij ilj ·;,!(^■ .(i to 5x8 grid family; and also claims re-maps from

non-Qwerty shaped keyboards, which may also be

re-mapped to an OrrPad grid to gain entry to the In this keyboard, Chinese is mapped to merely 24 OrrPad system, and is also claimed here. keys with a Chinese character host corresponding to each of the alphabet keys (except X and Z) on a

Remapping might be employed when a value is standard US (Qwerty) keyboard. When remapped placed on preserving valuable existing paradigms; to a 5x6-6x5 to and 5x8 grid, it is claimed as an however, a remap could also be made with careless OrrPad. Remapping lo a 5x5 to 5x8 grid, when disregard to the underlying liguistic structure or combined with is an OrrPad.

organization of writing conventions, useful as a

mnemonic or motor-skill. In part, to keep all 5x6 To type Chinese, one may select a character from based pads of a high quality that best balances the 24 host key characters showing on the face of these considerations: any layout designed for 3 10 each of the 24 keys. Each of these 24 host keys Qwerty or other grid, that is remapped onto 5x6 carries 72 "tenant" characters clustered within based grids are claimed as an OrrPad. each host to total merely 96 characters for the user to learn to be able to type in Chinese. The user

CLAIM: Any remap of an input method, in identifies which of the host character shapes is Chinese or any language whatsoever, that was closest to the desired Chinese character; and from designed for another grid, such as the 10x3 to 1 3x4 that point of departure, is able to find the best Standard Qwerty or other grid, that is re-mapped character to use. Extra keys can be assigned to the 5x5, 5x6, 5x7 or 5x8 key grids is claimed by characters or symbols deemed most useful.

OrrPad. OrrPad best identified, developed, and

taught the utility of the 5x6 base-grid family, to

create a worldwide system, not in prior existence,

to best serve a myriad of products and allow a new

class of products. The utility of 5x5 to 5x 10 grids

as a system is different than 10x3 based grids. If

remapped to 5x6 base grids, it becomes an OrrPad.

In contrast, an isolated 5x6 grid keyboard does not

qualify as launching a new worldwide system.

OrrPad demonstrated how a 5x6 based keyboard

can serve as a new standard for electronic input. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chi: Part C - 4

Part 6ab: NUMERICAL METHODS adapted to OrrPad An alternate, more morphologically accurate, where the stroke-shape best matches the vowel-

6a. Five Stroke method (-E¾¾J ) The Wubi Hua shape on a PinYin keypad:

(3L¾≥¾), or Five Stroke method, is a Chinese

input method for writing text on computer devices. Five Stroke (using Six Keys) AEIOU-V OrrPad: Wubi Hua is based on the "stroke order" of the

actual writing of Chinese characters and is input / A: Downward Right-to-Left Strokes using the numerical keypad. - E: Horizontal Strokes

I I: Vertical Strokes

Five Stroke Method is most often used in • O: Dot Strokes

Mainland China to write Simplified Chinese ? U: All Other strokes.

characters, but can also input the for Traditional \ V: Downward Left-to-Right

Chinese characters, which employs more strokes.

Wubi Hua is easy to learn, if you know how to CLAIM: A claim is made on any adaptation of the construct Chinese characters, rather than just to Five Stroke Wubi Hua system to the 5x6-6x5 grid read them. The greatest potential weakness is that or when reconfigured with other OrrPad features. a Wubi Hua "number code" can result in a match

of dozens (and occasionally hundreds) of

characters. Although each character ultimately has

a unique code, characters whose order of strokes is 6b. Four Corner method, (_3 ^ 5¾), encodes idiosyncratically rearranged in a peculiar way due Chinese characters by selecting four numerical to a person's unique writing style, means some digits per character (in some cases, an additional characters may not be readily found, especially if digit is used). It began as a method of indexing writing Traditional Chinese. Chinese characters in dictionaries, and was popular before the use of pinyin. It was later

How the Five Stroke Method works: adapted as an input method for computers.

Keys numbered from 1 to 5 are assigned a type of

stroke. On an OrrPad, keys numbered 1-5 or the How the Four Corner Method works:

vowel keys AEIOU may represent strokes: The four digits used to encode each character are chosen according to the "shape" of the four corners

- 1 or A: Horizontal Strokes of each character, i.e. the upper left, upper right, I 2 or E: Vertical Strokes, lower left and lower right corners.

/ 3 or I: Downward Right-to-Left Strokes

A 4 or O: Dot Strokes or Downward Left-to-Right The shapes are memorized by this Chinese poem: ? 5 or U: All Other strokes, such as Hooks.

To input any character, press the keys

corresponding to the first four strokes of a

character and then the key corresponding to the

last stroke of a character. For characters that have

The number 1 represents a horizontal stroke, 2 a four strokes or less, press 0 after the last stroke.

vertical or diagonal stroke, 3 a dot stroke, 4 two strokes in a cross shape, 5 three or more strokes in

It is ca l led Five Stroke M ethod not because of the

which one stroke intersects all others, 6 a box- five keys, but because in principle characters can

shape, 7 where a stroke turns a corner, 8 the shape be located in five strokes, even if the character

takes more stokes to write with pen on paper. of the Chinese character Λ and its inverted form, and 9 is used for the shape of the Chinese

Roman characters are written by strokes as well. A character and its inverted form. Zero is used more intuitive way to use AEIOU is to have the where there is either nothing in a corner, or the morphology (shape) of the letters reflect the shape part in a corner is already represented by a of a Chinese stroke as follows: previous corner, or where a corner has a dot stroke followed by a horizontal stroke.

/ A: Downward Right-to-Left Strokes

E: Horizontal Strokes CLAIM: A claim is made for the redesign to adapt I I: Vertical Strokes the Four Corner Method for use on any 5x6-6x5

•\ O: Dot Strokes or Downward Left-to-Right form factor of OrrPad.

? U: A l l Other strokes. OrrPad - Language Script 4 Chinese Part C - 4

Part 7a-c: OTHER CHINESE ORRPADS 7b. RADICAL OR FREQUENCY HOST METHODS:

Traditional Chinese input methods on an OrrPad

7a. ORRPAD CHINESE STROKE M ETHODS: The Orr can employ the algorithms for: (1 ) Frequency of Pad Stroke Method of writing Chinese can be one use of Chinese characters, and (2) Organize access character set option alone on a keypad or a according to a Radical tree of Chinese characters, character set writing option in combination with following an access algorithm of frequency of use other character sets or Chinese Orr Pads. In the and stroke number; combined with access by: (3) Orr Pad Stroke Method, Chinese characters may Predictive text options or (4) Scrolling choice be input the old fashioned way: stroke-by-stroke. option selection, or other selection method such as The stroke Orr Pad option provides the 12 basic (5) The Radical Orr Pad method of host clustering, stroke keys and with the help of predictive text making the radical, or most frequently used users have the possibility of writing known characters, the host to provide access to locating characters in much faster time than possible absent its many variant descendants

predictive texting or Orr Pad advancements. The

OrrPad Stroke Method uses predictive text in a

new and novel way and is so claimed.

Sample Chart of Horizontal Stroke variants:

H— ' ) I L £. / Z,

B— A J L ti b ^ t

4 ^ A u r j_ n - >

h 5 7¾ X -tr Λ Λ - Λ

P Λ 7J T Λ. Jl g H

NEXT: Japanese OrrPad

A list of the 50,000 possible Chinese characters

does not need to be included to follow this patent. OrrPad - Language Script 5 Japanese Part C - 5

OrrPad offers access according to vowel sounds in a vertical array: e.g. Ka, Sa, Ta, Na, etc., as well

Japanese (Nihongo) is spoken by 1 10 million the familiar system of consonant sound clusters on people. Japanese sentences are written with a single keys such as Ka, i, Ku as found on mixture of four character scripts: their native Japanese Qwerty-style and IME, modified for 5x6. phonetic Hiragana and Katakana, ideographic

Hiragana and Katakana form the foundation of Kanji (Chinese characters), and Romaji (Roman)

the Japanese OrrPad. Both are organized letters, plus Arabic numerals. Sentence example:

linguistically ideally in a cross-navigational pattern of horizontal vowels with all syllables containing that vowel descending vertically from

Katakana (green), Kanji (red), Hiragana (black), each host vowel. Typically, a key with: or Roman letters and Arabic numerals (in blue). toggles between Hiragana and Katakana. The key

Hiragana and Katakana are separate Japanese ¾:£ converts Kana to Kanji. Kanji (Chinese phonetic syllable scripts with identical linguistic characters) can also be typed by using one of the organization. Each script represents the 48 syllable OrrPad methods of Chinese input, while Romaji sounds of Japanese spoken language. The script is standard on the Japanese OrrPad. Keys Katakana letter shapes were originally derived Λ " ^or Λ^¾¾ will change input back to Hiragana. from abbreviated parts of Chinese characters.

The Hiragana or Katakana Orr Pad is a weave Katakana was a phonetic Japanese script used by

of 10 vertical and 12 horizontal mnemonic threads men and Hiragana later evolved from it as a

cursive floral form to be used as "women's intersecting 120 times, whereby each sound has a writing." Today, everyone uses all four scripts. predictable qualitative relationship to all others.

Kanji is the Japanese word for Chinese characters.

The Japanese government routinely maintains a

list of Chinese Characters for General Use with

1 ,945 regular Chinese characters, plus 166 special

characters. All government agencies must write

Kanji (Chinese characters) only within this list, but

Japanese citizens may use whichever Chinese

characters they wish in their own writings.

Although most words can be written using any

script, there is a convention of use obeyed for each

script: The angular and masculine Katakaiw is

used to write foreign words and names, common

animals, objects and plants, emphasized words,

and technical terminology. Whereas the feminine

Hiragana is used to wrile inflectional endings of

adjectives, verbs and particles and words that have The Japanese Orr Pad is organized as follows: no kanji representation. Kanji (Chinese) is used to

1 - The Japanese OrrPad is set on a 5x6-6x5 grid write nouns, adjective stems and Japanese names. that can be expanded if needed to a 5x8-8x5 for Romaji (Roman) letters are used for foreign terms, access to all syllables with minimal shifting. If on names and acronyms like NATO. Children learn a 5x9 of a touchscreen, no shift is needed. It can Hiragana first, followed by Katakana, Kanji and also be set horizontally, with vowels at the side. Romaji. When an infrequently used Chinese

character is written, furigana can be written beside 2 - The 5 Japanese vowels are found in the order as it, which is a tiny Hiragana phonetic "translation". learned as a child. Each vowel leads a column or Traditionally, Japanese was written like Chinese in row containing all syllable sounds with that vowel. tategaki columns reading from top to bottom, with

3- Vowels are a frame of reference to find columns being read from right to left. After World

syllables. For example all "a" syllables follow the War II, reading horizontally left-to-right became

"a" vowel. Vertical arrangement of a mnemonic of more popular while Chinese vertical columns still

syllables based on the vowel allows finger remain read vertically top to bottom. Both are seen

assignments to be easily memorized.

today. Arabic numerals read left-to-right.

4- By applying a shift or option key to OrrPad,

The Japanese Orr Pad can write all four of

each key can represent 3 (or more) variants, which Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji and Romaji scripts.

means that 30 keys can represent 90 characters. OrrPad - Language Script 5 Japanese Part C - 5 lab. Hiragana 5x6 (or 5x5 with piggied N T Z)

5. The diacritic markings of: - > jr are used to Bottom row: character shift key and diacritics. modify the "i" sound of the Japanese vowel V\ A preferred embodiment.

All possible combinations are Orr-logically found

indicated on the 2^nd column under the vowel: V

be found on dedicated keys,

or via Sequential Shift, Dedicated Accent Key,

or as a list of Accented Options that can be

Cycled. If a target letter is held-down its variants

appear in a small pop-up box or on the actual

writing area. The accented options can be selected

by mouse or touch, or cycled until selected by

release or an extra strike of another key.

6. Dkuon and Handkuon \■_> o diacritics modify

2ab. Hiragana 5x6, 5x5 A preferred syllables Ha, Hi, Fu, He, Ho into Ba Bi Bu, Be, embodiment. To create a 5x5 replace the aeiou Bo, and a, Mi, Mu, Me, Mo, into Pa, Pi, Pu, Pe, cross with a Romaji ABC block with a pigged Z. Po, accessed via sequential strike, accent keys, as a and o can be made via a diacritic key. vowel shift option, or Hold Select and/or Cycle.

8. Or

option

allow

scripts

9. Ka

can b

metho

10. H

Chine

syllab

Chin

rred wels are

7'j placed (out of line with its syllables) against the syllable block as row I instead of as column I or -tc ¾· -¾ vice versa in any 6x6 orientation. The 8^th column-

-V t!i rti

y row syllables would be piggied into their vowel v in sisters. The remaining key would serve diacritics.

OrrPad - Language Script 5 Japanese Part C - 5

4 Hiragana : top and Katakana : bottom (in 7. Katakana 5x6 (shown with phonetic guide)

5.

phonetic guide)

6.

OrrPad - Language Script 5 Japanese Part C - 5

13. Hiragana 5x6 with full Diacritic row, shown without grid-lines:

1 1. Hiragana Katakana 5x6 with phonetic guide:

OrrPad - Language Script 5 Japanese Part C - 5

PRIOR ART: The Japanese Industrial Standard The Japanese Double-thumb method can be features Qwerty for Romaji and Hiragana. applied to an Orrpad. OrrPad improves upon the The Q, W, E, R, T, Y keys correspond to: idea of thumb shift keys by mnemonically organizing the Japanese letters on a 5x6 matrix to accommodate the 30 keys to allow one-hand

(Wh ich sounds in English as: la, te, i, su, ka, ri)

typing, rather than the Qwerty 10x3 designed for Note that both Japanese vowel and syllable order

the mechanical age.

is scrambled.

Furthermore, the letters are organized on the

Dou ble-Thumb-shift Japanese keyboards:

OrrPad according to phonetic relationship rather

1 . I f a character key is struck alone, the character

than according to expected frequency of use. indicated on the bottom of the key is input.

2. If a key is struck simultaneously with the shift

The OrrPad belter accommodates shift keys struck key on the same side, the character at the top of the

by thumbs than Qwerty, which requires a specially key is input.

made Qwerty with shift keys moved to where the

3. If a character key is struck simultaneously with

space key lies at the center. A shift key depressed the shift key on the opposit side, the voiced sound

by a thumb, rather than a pinkie, is more is input.

comfortable for either Simultaneous Shift or

4. If a key is struck simultaneously with the

Sequential Shift as on the typical English Qwerty semivoiced sound key. the semivoiced sound is

keyboard. Furthermore, the shift keys of the input.

OrrPad are Sequential Shift rather than

The key layoul of the Fujitsu Thumb Shift

Simultaneous Shift as found on the Qwerty keyboard has 30 keys, and was determined as

version. Sequential Shift means lhal one does not follows: ( 1 ) Characters with a voiced sound were

need to hold the shift key while awkwardly not placed at the lop of keys. (2) Characters with a

simultaneously depressing the target letter. high frequency of occurrence were arranged to be

Finally, on the OrrPad, the Sequential Shift key easy to strike. (3) Keys were laid out based on the

can simply be struck once for the second choice, frequency with which a character occurs next after

and twice (double-clicked) for the third choice a given character (transition probability) to

before (or after, depending on how the software is minimize the amount of finger movement, and

set) striking the target key. If the shift key is not enable alternate use of the left and right thumb.

used at all, and only the target key struck, the first choice on the face of the key is selected. On a

The Japanese OrrPad organizes the layoul of the

touch screen, it is possible for the keys can be sounds of Japanese in the phonetic system that

subdivided so that no shift key is needed at all. children learn on a grid. Thus, on the OrrPad, each

sound has a qualitative relationship to all other

sounds arrayed in a grid, like a musical instrument,

where with use, the brain of the user will recognize

where any sound should be found.

Prior Art:

NEXT: Korean OrrPad OrrPad - Language Script 6 Part C - 6

6. O R PAD KOREAN SYLLABIC WRITINC SYSTEM (a) Positional blocking without intersection:

Since the intersection of a vowel and consonant is

63 million people speak Korean in Korea, China, inherent to Korean, information is best organized Japan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Russia and the by a block pattern of vowels and consonants, in United States. Korean is called: Hangul in South Korean alphabetical order, as a mnemonic aid. Korea and Chosungul in North Korea and both use Blocking of information in a pattern rather than the same written form. Korea is the major with single cross-keys is a technique to create a manufacturer and exporter of keypads. mnemonic and navigable matrix for Korean.

The Korean language is already intelligently Korean Blocked Orr Pad grids: Claimed organized. Korean has 140 characters to represent All Horizontal Korean: Vertical Vowel Sidebar: the 140 phonetic sounds of Korean. This is

difficult to fit on a tiny keypad. However, the Orr

Pad produces all 140 syllables by dividing

syllables into their component 14 consonants and

10 vowels. Korean characters always have two

parts, a consonant and a vowel to construct each of

the character-syllables that make up the 140

phonetic sounds. To create a Korean character, a

consonant and a vowel are struck in succession, (c) Cross Blocking with or without intersection is just as they are written. On the electronic when a block of information is set in one direction keyboard, the most commonly used characters can and the other block runs in the opposite direction. be programmed to automatically take their partner Blocked is when mnemonic blocks of information with just one strike. Should an alternative be run in the same direction.

preferred, the strike of the alternative vowel will

correct the default to the preferred syllable. Thus, Cross-blocked example: Blocked example: all 140 characters can be typed as they are written. (Both are claimed OrrPads)

Korean Syllabary Guide- 10 Vowels (horizontal) Horizontal Vowels w/

and 14 Consonants (vertical) combine to create all Vertical Consonants: All Vertical Korean: syllable sounds of Korean.

At the intersection of a vowel and consonant a

Korean syllable is produced.

In Korean, the language the order of vowels and consonants is learned by rote in separate vowel or consonant sequences rather than in one consecutive sequence, thus only a blocked rather than intersected arrangement is possible, as there is no single sequence to cross.

If consonants were interspersed with vowels in one

sequence, as found in the Roman, Greek and

Cyrillic alphabets, intersection is possible. Also, if

In the above table of Korean, syllable vowels are the keypad were very large, then Korean could be laid horizontally and consonants vertically, making displayed cross-navigationally with all syllable the learning of letter-parts of phonemes and the sounds found where their component vowels and production of syllables easier. Originally, Korean, consonants intersect. (See table above) Since such like Chinese was written vertically. If children a display is too large for small electronic units, the learn a table, especially as a cross-blocked one, the inventor has produced a blocked method, which is Orr Pad below naturally follows as a Korean small, flexible, providing a mnemonic for the keypad for electronic interface. Any vertical or construction of Korean syllables, and also displays horizontal combination is claimed. the Roman and Chinese Korean user requires. OrrPad - Language Script 6 Korean Part C - 6

Cross-blocking seems the most befitting of a world Korean Double Vowel Memes:

standard keypad that also reflects the native

organization of the Korean language. The Korean

cross-blocked matches the world matrix standard

and the horizontal top display of Korean vowels is

familiar and thus attractive to users. However it

lacks the benefit of vertical order of letters that The above row is in perfect Korean alphabetical better enables memory of finger assignments and a order. One can now notice that the second vowel of space-keypad. each meme is " Y" variation of the first vowel:

Cross blocking in a matrix seems to be the way to A(ya) O(yo) O(yo) U(yu) j(i) most closely comply to the logic of a a cross- > > 1 Ί ^ - ^ TI _ 1 navigational matrix, absent an intersecting nexus.

However, not all verisons of blocking are equal. Each leading vowel can be modified by one stroke The All Vertical Korean has blocked mnemonics, change to add a Y sound to that vowel to make: yet also has the benefit of offering vertical A into YA

channeling feature ideal for space-keypads, where 0 into YO

a user merely types in space. O into YO

U into YU

Additionally, the vertical pairings are related to ϋ into I

one another in shape and sound, while the

horizontal vowel layout, though more familiar and Linguistically, Y and I are interchangeable.

more akin to the horizontal disposition of other Each 2^nd vowel is a Y variation of the preceding. language keypads, the horizontal breaks the vowel

On a keypad 5x5 or 5x6 an optimal Korean vowel sound pairing between the 5^th and 6^lh vowels while

mnemonic, weighing all factors, may be in a the vertical preserves this relationship in an

vertically paired, horizontally read graphic ordered extremely fast and tidy mnemonic; which still ends

as shown below. Notice the lower character with up reading left to right, and the vertical aspect is in

the Y sound is a slight sound (and shape) keeping with the fact that Korean was originally

modification of the top phoneme character. The Y written vertically and still is done so in

sound is achieved by the modification of one applications that have remained in the vertical

stroke change to the lead vowel. The mnemonic is custom. Both are possible, and claimed.

now 5 units of a double meme (read vertically left to right) and easier to memorize than 10 individual

The All-Vertical Korean is recommended as the

keys of 5 each, in vertically offset pairings; thus, fastest and easiest to use for Korean speakers in

less related memes.

the long-term. It's only illusory disadvantage is the

unfamiliar top row; but when the mnemonic Optimal 5x5(6) Arrangement of Korean Vowels pairing the top two rows is pointed out, the

mnemonic infinitely speeds use over the dual

horizontal absent cross navigational intersection as

found in the other top horizontal vowel displays.

Korean Vowel Pairings 2x5: As it turns out, Orr

Pad organization of the vertical vowel pairings

create meme pair units running in a vertical- horizontal matrix of 5 pairs. (A meme is a block of

related information memorized together as a unit.)

The Korean double vowel meme units,

demonstrated graphically below, reveals the The order of the vowels may be reversed to run underlying linguistic organization that results in vertically reading right to left and is so claimed. the inventor's optimal Korean keypad for Korean has a customary precedent whereby it can electronic interface: be written vertically and read right to left as well as written horizontally and read left to right. The Orr Pad can use all directions. OrrPad - Language Script 6 Korean Part C - 6

The preferred embodiment is the alphabetical This spatial arrangement of vowels better displays order in which the characters were learned for the (than Qwerty or any other pad) the original child. In the following manner below: however, brilliant organization of Korean writing as first set the reverse order is also claimed reading right to in 1444 C.E. This Orr Pad arrangement of Hangul left. Below is the preferred vowel embodiment can interchange with Chinese or Roman alphabets direction because it reflects the left-to-right and can be made-to-fit on the face of a phone or reading influence beginning with an "A' vowel, other small device to meet the needs of the global yet the original vowels of Korean are the strokes electronic age. The extra keys are available for the anticipated use of popular syllables, double of (ύ) meaning "earth" and ^ (i) meaning vowels, special characters and punctuation, etc.

"man". All other vowels were constructed by

adding a dot representing "heaven" which became Korean Consonants:

modified into the short dash we see today. The examples above are given as information- blocked Orr Pad with separated vowels and

This charter of this patent is to produce a user- consonants still in perfect alphabetical without friendly interface for global electronic intersection of coordinates. In Korean, because communication. The first obstacle to placing a consonants are written first, the inventor keypad on the increasing array of small electronic recommends keeping the vowel block above the communication devices is the width of the 10 key consonant block below so that a consonant may be wide Qwerty. The two best Korean solutions are selected followed by a vowel with views of both the adoption of either 2 horizontal rows of vowels selections thus unobstructed by fingers. However, with broken vowel meme pairs or the preferred the inventor does anticipate and claim a lower or embodiment below of 5 double vowel memes that side vowel block arrangements should it be preserves both traditional Korean order and the preferred. Additionally, since the basic Korean global Romanized position of "A" in the far left alphabet uses only 24 key boxes, popularly used corner. characters can be assembled on the many extra keys remaining on any one of these designs. This

Thus, the embodiment below is the best solution is anticipated and thus is so claimed in this patent. for a 5 key wide keypad. It reads beautifully in

both traditional Korean and Romanized Currently, Korean and other language keypads do alphabetical order: ( 1) in the traditional vertical not display information in linguistic blocks on a order read right-to-left beginning with earth — grid in this manner. The charter of the Orr Pad is and man ' ; and (2) it simultaneously reads as to produce a global standard, motor-memory double vertical memes in the Roman order of left- friendly, electronic interface communication tool. to-right beginning with ^r which is the vowel of A blocked solution on a grid to help locate vowels "A". The vertical memes allows immediate and consonants, especially when display of memorization of finger assignments and any intersection is not possible, produces an optimal Korean speaker could easily learn to memorize the layout and is so claimed.

order of keys for each finger in just a moment.

The vertical order means one learns only 5 memes Vowels are encircled and comprise two rows or not 10. columns. As in other Orr Pads, vowels, consonants, syllables or other linguistic values

More Korean Preferred Embodiments: claimed may be blocked vertically or horizontally or as a combination of vertical and horizontal. Blocking can place the vowel block (or other linguistic values such as diacritics) at the sides or bottom. Blocking is also claimed if a blocked arrangement of characters is placed on the Qwerty style keyboard hardware.

Preference in blocking should be given to alphabetical order, but in special instances, when weighing competing values, breaking order may

be preferred and is also claimed when blocking on a keypad grid is employed. OrrPad - Language Script 6 Part C - 6

In the Korean Orr Pad example below, the 10 6B. KOREAN ORR PAD, SAMPLE KEYFACES: vowels comprise the top two rows: with

consonants below. The Roman, Greek, Cyrillic,

and Japanese all have vowels arranged in the top > - ^ _ row also- as one unifying organizing principle of

world language electronic interface. However, it is > 1 «. ⁷¹ 1 possible to create Orr Pads with the vowels

arranged at the side or foot of the pad, rather than -| i— t= s Π

the top in common with the other languages. As

the Korean 140 unit syllabary can be displayed as

a mere 24unit alphabet, there are extra keys t A o τ

remaining to accommodate a selection of favorite

Korean syllables just as the current Qwerty Korean

keypad displays. Five keys on the 5x6 grid are thus ^ ^ 3X "6" available for the most frequently used Korean

syllables as well as the employment of the This preferred Korean Orr Pad reads vowels standard shift key to access frequently used horizontally and consonants vertically. However, syllables. The final single free key can be the all-vertical above is best for motor-skill, while dedicated to character set changing to Chinese or the all horizontal may be superficially appealing to Roman. As Koreans speakers read and use Chinese consumers, and are claimed as Orr Pads too. characters mixed with their Korean syllables and

sometimes write Roman letters; a solution for A mnemonic ideal is part horizontal and part blending these three character sets on a small vertical in a pattern the brain recognizes. However, keypad is required for an optimal Korean keypad the general public, unaccustomed to vertical for small electronic devices. The preferred orientation, (or mixed orientation) may choose the embodiment of the Korean Orr Pad includes horizontal version as their preferred version; Roman and Chinese characters. However, any without knowledge of the mnemonic advantages of combination of Orr Pad languages is possible. both horizontal and vertical orientation, or just vertical. If an all horizontal orientation is selected,

The most basic Korean Orr Pad includes the many Orr Pad features are still present, but it is a following: ( 1 ) A 5x5 or 5x6 international standard pad lacking vertical orientation, which loses the Focus Field (2) Vertical Channeling in ideal for space-keypad; where one may merely alphabetical order of separated consonants to aid type in space and easily memorize each finger's motor-memory (3) Horizontal display of vowels in letter assignments by merely memorizing the blocked alphabetical order on the preferred alphabetical order of the vertically-read international Orr Pad vowel top rows, A Block consonants, with vowels easily memorized Mnemonic, (not necessarily cross navigation). (4) alphabetically as well. Vertical finger assignments Orr Pad Sequential Toggle Key for character set are best for motor-skill and a space-keypad. In an changing. (5) Korean, Chinese and Roman all horizontal this finger assignment mnemonic character sets. advantage is not possible.

NEXT: Brahmi OrrPad

OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

Brahmi Roots .

7a. ORR PAD BRAHM I SYLLABIC ALPHABET Scripts of India derived from Brahmi Script

Northern: Indo-European Southern: Dravidian

Over 1 .5 billion people speak 29 languages written in

over 40 Brahmi scripts. Brahmi is the ancestral family

script first devised in antiquity from which all modern

Brahmi scripts are descended- branching into a myriad

of unique scripts. Modern forms still carry the original

linguistic organization of the ancient Brahmi. Orr Pad

created a unified system of organizing these many

disparate Brahmi languages onto one keypad by

reaching back and employing this fundamental

ancestral phonetic organization as the basis for the

Brahmi OrrPad.

World Distribution of Brahmi derived

BRAHMI ORR PAD- BRAHMI is a mother term for Sanskrit-written Indie languages. There are two major branches of Indie languages: the northern Indo- European family of about 40 Indie languages and the southern family of 73 Dravidian languages and dialects. Both of these language families are quite

different and their speech cannot be understood one to the other. However, the Brahmi script developed in the

BRAHMI SCRIPT originated in northeast India and northeast was adopted by the south as well. Thus, they became the ancestor to most of the scripts of South share the same ancient Brahmi script lineage for Asia, Southeast Asia, Tibet, Mongolia and Manchuria. writing. Additionally, Brahmi script spread beyond The linguistic organization of atakana of Japan India and was adopted as a writing system by many shows Brahmi ancestry, even though the letter other language families all across north and south Asia morphology is uniquely Japanese. Brahmi numerals from Java to Mongolia. Over a period of 2300 years, are the ancestor of the Hindu-Arabic numerals, which each of these language families has followed their own are now used worldwide. evolution of Brahmic writing resulting in each language having a unique writing script and system

7c. ORR PAD BRAHMI LANGUAGES includes: stemming from this common shared lineage of ancient

Brahmi writing.

NORTH INDIA* Devanagari · Hindi · Sanskrit ·

Marathi · Mundari · Nepali · Gondi · Gujarati · All Brahmi scripts are taught according to the place Punjabi · Bengali · Assamese · Oriya · Tibetan · of articulation of the production of the sound of each Manipuri etc.

phonetic, with a one-to-one correspondence. (Each

SOUTH. INDIA * Kannada · Tamil · Telugu · Sinhala. letter exactly represents each sound.) Like the OrrPad, etc. NORTH ASIA · Mongolian, SOUTHEAST the sounds of Brahmi are learned organized on a grid; ASIA* Burmese · Lao · Thai · Khmer · Javanese ·

thus, each single sound in Brahmi has a qualitative Malayam PACIFIC' Balinese · Tagalog · Batak relationship to all other sounds, arrayed on the utility •Buginese, etc.

equivalent of xy coordinates. Qwerty-style 10x4 Brahmi keyboards jumble this order, while OrrPad

Roman script has been taught in the Indian subembodies it into a one-handed input system for any continent for five centuries: as India was the Jewel of Brahmi script. All keys are accessible with one thumb the British Empire for 500 years. Roman script as an

cupped under one hand, or expanded to two hands. official script of India and should be included as an

alternate on their keypads. OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7 Hindi OrrPad: OrrPad, than Qwerty. patterns of Brahmi mnemonic squares, in laid according by can palatals, an arrangement as a child, to all while consonant of Brhami

pairs:

by on Qwerty.

in places of a shift to

And, hosts all sibilants OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

Row 5 of features the familiar horizontal five-key bar 7a. Devanagari (Hindi) without phonetic guide:

The preferred embodiments are a vertical display of of: *T i found on Qwerty, for users who

consonants in columns, or as a horizontal consonant want the least deviation from Qwerty while gaining display in rows, also claimed.

OrrPad advantages. Thus every key on this OrrPad

features the face key found on Qwerty keyboards.

Qwerty five-key bar:

ST*

Orrpad 7a. five-key bar:

OrrPad improves keyspace efficiency over Qwerty by

placing a sibilant T and a resonant on shift places

on the bottom row left empty on Qwerty.

By observing Qwerty order on these 5 keys, the

Brahmi order is slightly scrambled. (While OrrPad 7b.

is an alternate that better preserves Brahmi order of

resonants, semi-vowels and sibilants.)

Hindi 6x5"

Diacritic Marks are found on 6* row or column keys:

Hi-Accents (hats): Lo-Accents (shoes and socks)

S

: l o

• — c «

7a. Row 6 also hosts special characters.

Conjunct Letters are formed by typing parts that

auto-combine by software into unique compounds.

Note: Other Brahmi scripts would use their equivalent

characters with the same OrrPad organization. Same

organization: with a different morphology.

OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

7b. Dcvanagari (Hindi) OrrPad: 5x5 diacritic 6^lh is a B. Below is the "B pattern" that any Brahmi construction method with half letters and a diacritic 6^lh OrrPad may alternatively organize consonants. row-column that reflects older typwriter organization. Notice that although consonants appear as reoriented A diacritic row-column may alternatively be placed vertically, also note that the vowels can be placed under or above vowels, or at the side of vowels if above or at the side of this consonant scheme, vowel are vertical. Variants at top in small print. providing a unique set of layouts, all claimed.

D_ltena_s be placed above or below the consonant

All

5^A Row Labials: ^ *r ¾ *r

Here arc the places of articulation of the above arc: p f b bh m

Vertical Consonants in Columns:

Shown next is how an OrrPad could look Columns: 1" 2^nd - 4 ⁾1 5^th places of articulation hold to the 'B' pattern:

« = ϊ c a e si:

a ea

: Horizontal Consonants as Rows: ½ u

1" Row Gutturals: ¾r ^ ^

¾r < 2"^ Row Palatals:

<? Row δ Ι ϊ Τ

4"" Row Dentals: π «r ¾^" ^

S"¹ Row Labials: ττ ^ *r «r

Resonant Row 3Γ OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

The Brahmi 7c Orr Pad begins as follows: organized method which can be learned by others to

Selection of a Focus Field grid according to device. improve keypad design now and in the future.

A Brahmi 5x5 with a 6^th diacritic row (or column if 2- The mnemonic Brahmi layout arranges vowels and reoriented) permits 5 dedicated vowel keys, 5 diacritic consonants in pattern variations of places of keys and 20 consonant keys featuring full faces of articulation, reflecting order speakers learn as a child. Brahmi gutturals, palatals, cerebrals, dentals, labials:

3- Cross-blocked linguistic thread mnemonics (not x-y with piggy-backed "n" and "m" letters, semi-vowels,

cross-navigation intersections such as in Roman, sibilants and compound characters.

Cyrillic or Greek OrrPads) are found in Brahmi Orr

The 5x6-6x5 focus field allows the best organization Pads with Vowels in traditional Brahmi alphabetical of relative-position layouts of Hindi and other scripts; order reading horizontally left to right (organized making it possible to access all letters with one hand according to morphological construction.) or one thumb, being the best fit on small devices with Here are the primary Hindi Brahmi vowels:

expansion to two-handed versions possible.

Expanded Brahmi: Brahmi OrrPads must offer

Brahmi phonetic (alphabetical) order is observed in expanded versions of their 5x6-6x5 embodiments,

either vertical or horizontal orientation.

provided as an essential user-option of the system, that

when the 5x6-6x5 is expanded more syllables have 4- Ideally, consonants are organized alphabetically in their own dedicated keyface when required by users, vertical channels, which enhances mnemonics and or when a two-handed embodiment is needed, in: 5x7, access. The Brahmi OrrPad is woven with a mnemonic 5x8, 5x9, 6x5, 6x6, 6x7, 6x8. The first inventive step in both vertical and horizontal mnemonic threads. If a is the same on expanded versions as 5x6-6x5 layouts. horizontal arrangement in selected, the Orr Pad

OR: The 5x7 Brahmi Orr Pad is more commodious linguistic organization is preserved even when the pad and accommodates 5 vowel keys, 5 diacritic keys and is turned sideways. Consonant letters may be read 25 consonant keys: all consonants showing on key either horizontally or vertically in this Orr Pad pattern; faces; with only compound characters, sibilants and while preserving organization of linguistic structural semi-vowels piggybacked. divisions and alphabetical order in a cross mnemonic and on a focus field.

OR: A 5x8 OrrPad is the second of the three top 5- Consonants can be organized according to the configurations recommended by OrrPad. (The first and phonetic (sound) groupings of the Brahmi languages. third being 5x6 and 5x5). The 5x8 Brahmi still These groupings are in the alphabetical order native requires one row of piggybacking but is favored speakers learnt as children. Thus, consonants are in because a 5x8 best allows an international standard both alphabetical and linguistic order. Brahmi OrrPad large size especially for Asian languages. offers 74 mnemonic strings in alphabetical order.

OR: A 5x9 Brahmi Orr Pad displays on the keyface all Consonants are not only alphabetical, but also in the 5 vowel keys, 4-8 diacritic keys, all 25 basic linguistic divisions according to the way Brahmi consonant keys, the 8 semi-vowel sibilant keys, and 4- languages are taught to native speakers using 8 dedicated compound keys. groupings of: Vowels, Semi-vowels, Diacritics, and

Consonants which are organized in blocks comprising

OR: A Brahmi 6x5, 6x6 or 6x7, 6x8 can also be

the traditional speech groupings of: Gutturals, Palatals, configured with Orr Pad organizational logic.

Cerebrals, Dentals, Labials; plus piggybacked

On any Brahmi Orr Pad, other letters or punctuation Sibilants and Compound structures. Rarely used letters may be found with predictive text, a scroll-select can be piggybacked such as the many "n" characters. system, or as an option on number keys, etc. or on Variations of each character are also piggybacked extra, dedicated rows or columns. according to morphology. The variations are created

A Brahmi Orr Pad can be organized with two focus by combining a primary character with a modifying fields and used with two hands with side-by-side focus sound value; found in the diacritic row.

fields. (Qwerty is essentially two focus fields.) Variations of each consonant are secondary characters However, Qwerty hardware positions keys offset, one to be found on the related host. Rogue letters may be to the other, in uneven fashion, so it is not a very found on the nearest related letter according to sound focused focus field. Additionally, Qwerty does not or morphology as space allows.

organize language mnemonically or in a neuro-

Brahmi Diacritics are found in a horizontal dedicated physiologically motor or cogniiively friendly manner.

Orr Pad addresses and improves these aspects, both diacritic row, preferably at the accent or diacritic foot motor and cognitive, in an idealized; yet flexible, well- of the Orr Pad, but diacritics can be placed at the top or side or piggy-backed as well. OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

7. Devanagari (Hindi) OrrPad: 5x5 Diacritic Marks, basic set:

Diacritic software exceptions can allow construction

of all vowels (or consonants) without adding more

keys to do so, by utilizing common diacritics for

unique shapes such as found in ¾> . In order to reduce

the number of keys occupied by unique vowels with Hi-Lo morphological Organization:

unique "hat" diacritics, instead of dedicating a key to

either the whole letter or the diacritic, which is only Hi-Accent Diacritics (hats):

used on the vowel ?, the letter is constructed by

typing in sequence a common diacritic after to

modify the vowel, except that in this case, the shape of

the hat diacritic changes, once composed. Thus by Lo-Accent Diacritics (shoes and socks)

this diacritic formula we can construct

Note: no strike of + or =

A software capability of diacritic "exceptions to the

default" is necessary because today's software often

has a default that any diacritic accent can be placed on Hindi OrrPad 5x6-6x5 with Hi-Lo diacritic keys: any letter. However, for example, the accented vowel

¾ does not exist in written Hindi, and other

combinations, such as:

Composing Subordinal letters with Ordinals:

Because of the vast number of diacritics that must be

assigned a dedicated key, this OrrPad fits Hindi on a

tiny pad, by giving keyface priority to ordinal letters,

to reduce keyfaces occupied by subordinal letters that

are composed of ordinal parts.

For example, Hindi keyboards can feature the Conjuncts: Compound and Double Letters are subordinal vowel 3ΤΓ with a key dedicated to it combinations of either consonants or vowels, into one accessed by the shift key. However, OrrPad composes uniquely shaped letter in its own right. They are not found on the Brahmi foundation chart of letters, but 3TT by striking two ordinals in sequence: 3Γ+Γ=3Τί are listed and taught after the foundation is learnt. On (Note: no keystrike of + or =). electronics, when a user types two parts of a conjunct

Composing subordinal 3TT with ordinals employs the or double in sequence, software can automatically create the conjunct; thus, these uniquely shaped letters same number of keystrikes (since no shift key is

do not need to be displayed on the face of keys. needed) as having a key dedicated to it that requires a

on any Hindi keyboard and is used to create modify

Primary Brahmi Vowel couplets (row or column): W IS *T 5T ? ¾ Ψ

Piggy characters: Sa Va Sa La ya ha

a a i T u O e ai o au OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

Other Brahmi Scripts: The OrrPad platform serves all Brahmi scripts:

Over 1 .5 billion people speak 29 languages written in

Each Brahmi script language variant observe the

over 40 scripts derived from 16 ordinal Brahmi scripts. same OrrPad organization, albeit with unique

All Brahmi scripts can be embodied as a keyboard character shapes and solutions Tor unique differences

applying the OrrPad platform and are so claimed. and writing customs. Indo-European Northern Brahmi

languages, each with a unique angular script, as well

as the many Southern Brahmi Dravidian languages North Brahmi Indie angular scripts each written with unique curly styles of Brahmi script

(such as Tamil) can be represented as an OrrPad. 1. DEVANAGARI- 180 million use this

script to write Hindi in India, plus millions writing

Below is an example of Thai to show how it follows

Marathi, Nepali and about 18 other Prakit languages Brahmi place of articulaiton organization.

2. BENGALI-ASSAMESE-

Thai versus Hindi:

230 million people of India and Bangaladesh to write Sanskrit, Bengali, and the Assamese languages.

3. GURMUKHI-

The Brahmi Punjabi script is used by 100 million in rii (anusvara) h (visarga) India, Pakistan and "Bollywood"

Consonants 4. GUJARATI ¾ ΓΠ CtiMPused by 50 million

in India and Pakistan

Gutturals: n ka ¾ ^ kha fi ri ga ¾q _gha 1 na

Palatals: ¾ ^ ca ft ^ eha ^ ja QJ fTjha ¾3? fia — South Brahmi Indie curly scripts -

Cerebrals: 5 3 tha iH ¾ da ©j Sdhai Uf a 5. KANNADA 40 mil in South India

Dentals: 51 Cf to £1 ¾f tha

6. TAMIL - 55 million in Sri Lanka

Labials: iJ R pa Wfi ptu Vi ^ ba iVf bha JJ J-f ma . r~>

7. SlNHALA 16 million in Sri Lanka

Semivowels: LJ^ ya 1 ^ ra 1 ^ va

Sibilants: Sino-Tibetan Brahmi Scripts— —

Aspirate: W tj ha s = ' (avagraha) · the apostrophe

8. TI BETAN million in the Himalayas

fSSooo j _^

Thai Sanskrit Vowels and Consonants 9. BURMESE ¹ 43 million in Burma

(Thai is next to its Hindi equivalent)

- — - Austro-Asiatic Brahmi Scripts .

The other Brahmi scripts, such as Thai shown above,

are organized in the same system as Hindi. Although 10. K HMER- ^ W^ 9* : 16 million in Cambodia the overall organization is shared, the script

morphology (shape) is not; plus nuances in 1 1 . LAO-

20 million in Laos pronunciation, and writung customs are not identical c in

between Hindi and Thai, nor other Brahmi languages, 12. THA1- Θ ΠΉ Ϊ m £J 60 million in Thailand, etc. however the OrrPad platform accommodates these

differences between all Brahmi scripts. 13. JAVANESE (IS 82 million in Indonesia

The Brahmi OrrPad is a well-organized phonetic 14. BALINESE W ^ · 3 million in Indonesia weave. There are multiple cross threads on each row 15. MA LA YAM ffl-_-JGD0<3o 38 million in Malaysia and column which intersect 34 different linguistic

threads in 34 different directions, all 34 of which 16. TACALOG ^V ^TJ ^ 28 m. in the Philippines follow the alphabetical order the native speaker leams

as a child, with variants constructed by morphology. OrrPad - Language Script 7 Brahmi - Hindi Part C - 7

Places of Articulation for an English OrrPad:

(For comparison to Brahmi articulation)

We can see that English does not observe the same

organization as Brahmi places of articulation patterns.

English Places of Articulation:

1-TrueVowels (AEIOU) are adjacent on top rows.

2. All consonants are in lower rows

3. Semi-Vowels (WY) are both at far right.

4- Resonant consonants (L R) are adjacent.

5- Nasal Stop consonants (MNS) are adjacent.

6. Stop Consonants (BCDTG PQ) are all upper-half.

Only the T stop is in the lower quadrant.

7. Fricative consonants are near letters they modify

according to Grimm's Law. B to F, P to V; and J to I

according to rules of Spanish vs. Germanic; and P to V

and V to W according to modifying rules of English

vs. German.

NEXT: ARABIC and HEBREW OrrPad OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic and Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

SEMITIC LANGUAGE SCRIPTS

Arabic script may serve alone or as a host to other languages which use Arabic script, also follow the scripts in 5x5, 5x6 or 6x5 in any orientation. Shown same overall organization as Arabic, accommodating below is Arabic script with Roman script on a 5x6 to their idiosyncrasies, such as extra or omitted letters, serve as a point of reference. However, Roman 6x5 is different diacritic marks and construction elements. also claimed with Arabic, or Arabic with other scripts OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic and Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

NEXT: HEBREW OrrPad Written Hebrew:

a) As in Arabic, Hebrew is written right to left.

9. HEBREW Script OrrPad b) Also like Arabic, Hebrew is an Abjad writing system, meaning it is an alphabet of consonants only.

Hebrew is the ancient language of the Jewish people c) Vowels are implied by consonant context or may and is now an official language of the state of Israel. be indicated with diacritic markings called points, After the 3^rd century BCE, Hebrew was replaced with which are usually reserved for formal writing only. Aramaic as the everyday spoken language of the d) There are several weak consonants that are vowelJews. For centuries Hebrew was to be found only in like; which in other languages evolved fully into written or liturgical form; however, it was taught for vowels. In Hebrew, they may act as long vowels. religious ritual to Jewish adherents worldwide. These are: alef, vav, and yod. Short vowels are

Spoken Hebrew: In the last century, Hebrew was indicated by points or left for the reader to discern. revived from being dead to an everyday language and e) In Hebrew, each letter also acts as a numeral. is now spoken by 7 million people in Israel with However, the Hebrew speaker has generally adopted smaller communities speaking Hebrew worldwide. the international system of 1 , 2, 3, 4, etc.

Limited Hebrew recitation is taught for religious rites f) Five consonants have two forms: a normal and a to as many as 13 million persons worldwide. final form, which appears when that consonant is the final letter of a word. These can be presented on a

Yiddish: Hebrew script is also used to write the keypad clustered together with software adapting the Yiddish language, which is non-Semitic in origin, form to the text or a keypad may have a separate key linguistically analyzed as a Turkic-Slavic blend of dedicated to each form. The five pairs are:

Central Asiatic and Southeast European derivation, kaf D "J, mem D D, nun 0 ], peh D *"), sadeh 2 f* with many German loan words, as the language of

the Ashkenazim, who now abandon it. There are far The Hebrew OrrPad is organized considering: many more texts in Yiddish, written with Hebrew 1. Preservation of Hebrew alphabet-numerical order. letters, than texts penned by ancient Hebrew people. 2. Accommodation of vertical channeling to allow

World Distribution of Spoken Hebrew today: immediate memorization of each sequence of letters assigned to each finger. Horizontal mnemonics are provided as an alternate.

3. Blocks: Weak Consonants, Numbers. Diacritic Points in "diamond" keys.

4. Alternate script accommodation of minimum of both Roman and Arabic scripts. The two scripts most

often paired with Hebrew.

Hebrew. All Hebrew OrrPads preserve Hebrew logic OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic and Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

Hebrew may sit alone or with other language scripts

in 5x5, 5x6 or 6x5 in any orientation. Shown below Hebrew #2 of GROUP A (reads RIG HT to left) 5x6 is Hebrew with Roman on a 5x6 to serve as a point of Clapping Vowels: Open final form consonants: kaf reference. 6x5 is also claimed or with any other script 1 D, mem□ ¾, nun ] 3, and peh η D.

Hebrew #1 of GROUP A (reads RIGHT to left) 5x5

Clapping Vowel Block are "weak consonants"

An OrrPad preferred HEBREW embodiment:

The 5x6 Hebrew # 2 is the same base as 5x5 Hebrew # 1 group A (also reading RIGHT to Left) except this

one extends to a 5x6 row keypad by "opening" 5

letters with two forms so that each letter may be accessed separately. Assigning separate keys to the

Pros: ( 1 ) Hebrew alphabet reads left to right: as is final form of the 5 consonants is necessary only when the Hebrew custom. (2) All characters are in exact auto-correction software cannot be made available- Hebrew alphabetical order arranged vertically so that or if users prefer this version. Opening the doubled finger assignments may be memorized instantly and consonants pushes the keypad to be a 5x6 pad. This "blind" skill is optimized. (3) Motor-skill and finger keypad should be considered as an extended version assignment memory-friendly vertical order in this of its parent: Hebrew #1 group A RIGHT to Left. pad observes exact Hebrew alphabetical order. (4)

Weak consonants are in a blocked pattern (in pink

and circled) (5) Numbers 1 - 10 are in a neutral Hebrew #3 GROUP A (reading LEFT to right) 5x5 vertical right block (shaded yellow). However, the Clapping Vowel Blocks ("weak consonants") right number block is preferred as it establishes

correct numerical order throughout the number

sequence. (6) This keypad is the best for left hand

use, which frees the right hand for exclusive mouse

work. (7) Blocked diacritic diamonds can handle all

Hebrew diacritic "point" marking which identifies

Hebraic vowel sounds. Diacritic "points" can also be

found by the Orr sequential shift or by accent system

software. (8) Lower 6^lh row may be used for other

options. Cons: ( 1 ) Numerical order reads right to left:

which is not their custom (or anybody else's)

However, Hebrew writers are likely to use the regular

number pad for normal numerical input. Users may

still choose Hebrew number expression with Hebrew

characters on this keypad. So, this negative is a non- issue. (2) Non-mnemonic top row numbers: 100-60- 20-6-1.

OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

Pros: ( 1 ) Keypad #3 is the best for right hand use as Hebrew #5 of GROUP B (reads RIGHT to left) 5x5 weak consonants and diacritics sit under the index An OrrPad preferred HEBREW embodiment: finger. (2) Hebraic alphabetical order is consistent

with Roman and the general international order of

left to right. (3) All characters are in exact Hebraic

alphabetical order arranged vertically so that finger

assignments may be memorized instantly and "blind"

skill is optimized. (4) Weak consonants are in a

blocked pattern: in pink and circled (5) Numbers 1 - 10 are in a vertical left block (yellow). (6) Numbers

count left to right as is the Hebrew custom. (7)

Numbers 100, 200, 300, 400 is a vertical right block.

(8) Blocked diacritic diamonds can handle all

Hebrew diacritic "point" marking which identifies

Hebraic vowel sounds. Diacritic "points" can also be

found by the Orr sequential shift or by accent system

software. (9) Lower 6^lh row may be used for other

options. Cons: Alphabetical order reads left to right,

which is not Hebraic custom. Although a big plus is

that this allows the numbers to read in correct order.

Finger assignments memory-friendly vertical order in

this pad observes exact Hebrew alphabetical order.

(2) Non-mnemonic top row numbers: 1-6-20-50-90.

Hebrew #4 of GROUP A (reads LEFT to right) 5x6

Clapping Vowels. Open final form consonants: kaf

1 3, mem D Ώ, nun† J, and peh H D. Hebrew #6 of GROUP B (reads RIGH T to left) 5x6 An OrrPad preferred HEBREW embodiment:

The Hebrew OrrPad #4 above is the same base as the

parent pad called: Hebrew #3 of group A (reading

LEFT to Right) except this one extends to a 5x6 row

keypad by "opening" 5 letters with two forms so that

each letter may be accessed separately. OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic and Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

OrrPad - Language Script 8 and 9 Arabic and Hebrew Part C - 8 and 9

Hebrew #10 expands piggybacked letters, if needed

when software lacks automatic final form correction. Hebrew #13 GROUP C variation (LEFT to R) 5x5:

Hebrew # 1 1 GROUP C (read LEFT to right) 5x5

Cl

He x5

Hebrew #12 GROUP C (read LE FT to right) 5x6

Cl Mm, Nn, Pp.

The flawed Hebrew 10x3 standard keyboard scheme assigns Hebrew letters to a key that hosts a Roman letter with a similar sound when possible. Following the ad hoc Qwerty layout causes the Hebrew 3 10 layout to disorganize the inherent logic of Hebrew.

Besides, Qwerty has no logic to emulate. A rumor that Qwerty divided frequently used pairs in English is false, as letters E and R is the most frequent pair. All Hebrew OrrPads preserve Hebrew logic, each in a unique way, and adaptable to 5x5, 5x6 or 6x5 format.

OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

ACCENTS OF ROMAN SCRIPT LANGUAGES OrrPad offers several accent access methods.

The preferred (and OrrPad claimed) accent

There are about 80+ languages that use the

access is a dedicated accent key that is struck Roman (Latin) script alphabet. Some languages

after a letter to mimic the handwritten method of require extra characters while others are absent

adding accents after a letter is written. After the need for some letters. OrrPad accommodates

striking a target letter, if the accent key is struck cases of extra or absent letters. Accents, or

accent choices will rotate in a queue and show diacritic marks, refine the vowel sounds that

on the document or in a popup. In most cases, then shape consonant differences in language.

only one or two strikes are needed to add accents Accents are required by the about half of the

of a given language and rarely four or more. If speakers of Roman script languages for written

the dedicated accent key is held down, all accent communication to be understood. About 40

choices for the target letter will show. Multiple Roman script languages do not require accents.

accent keys dedicated to specific accents may be

1. ENGLISH, which uses an unaccented Roman preferred for languages with many accents. The Latin layout, is the flagship language of the OrrPad claimed Sequential Shift may be utilized. Roman script and of the International OrrPad. Accent methods in the prior art can also be used, English is the most used language in the world, such as: depressing an option key and target spoken by 500 million native speakers with an simultaneously, or holding down the target letter additional 1 billion secondary speakers. More to expose and select from a pop-up queue, which books, articles, ads, and papers are printed in may require a mouse absent a touchscreen. English than any other language. It is the

official language of the USA, UK, Australia and A ORR PAD

New Zealand, and an official language of . -^■V....

Canada, India, the UN, and other nations.

English derives from a North Germanic Indo- B F J P V

European base, modified by 60% Latin and

French. English has no accents itself, but when C - G K Q w ..

combined with an OrrPad accent package, it can

write about 85+ Roman script languages by D' -H / 'L' . R\ X accessing 1 15+ accents, plus special letters.

M 'S ^"

ENGLISH 5X6 (no accents)

-'N\

A E I O U ^{" •}Z"

B F J P V Row 2 (or Col 2) of accented Roman OrrPads have no accents, just one special letter, freeing

C G K Q W the row (or column) as a zone for other options,

D H L R X symbols or punctuation and is claimed for such use. A 6x6 or other orientation is also claimed.

S Y

ACCENTED ROMAN 6X5 ORR PAD

N T Z

..B

ENGLISH 6X5 (no accents) ; c -D'

A B C D / ' E\- F G

E F G H

/ ' I J M -'Ν·

I J K L M N

O P

O P Q

Q R S T 's,-

U V w X Y z _lT»,. V ^"w... x . ..V OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Languages Part C

AN ACCENTED ROMAN ORRPAD CAN WRITE 80+ LANGUAGE TEACHING MODULES in the LANGUAGES WITH ACCENTS OR SPECIAL LETTERS: OrrPad method and platform provide an

EUROPE: 1 -Albanian 2-Basque 3-Belarusian introduction to the geo-linguistic demographics of languages with accent modules to make better 4-Breton 5-Catalan 5-Cornish 6-Creole 7- Croatian 8-Czech 9-Danish 10-Dutch-Flemish- decisions about which accents and languages to Afrikaans 1 1 -English 12-Esperanto 13-Estonian provide and how to do so; useful for UX and 14-Finnish 15-French 16-German (accented) operating system engineers, app and software and NewGerman (no umlaut or β) 17-Gaelic- developers, hardware device engineers and Irish 18-Gaelic-Scottish 19-Hungarian 20- manufacturers. Without the organization of Icelandic-Faroese 21 -Georgian 22-Italian 23- accents according to geo-lingual markets and Latin (ancient) 24-Latvian 25-Lithuanian 26- numbers of potential speakers, manufacturers Maltese 27-Manx 28-Norwegian 29-Polish 30- cannot make the best informed decisions about Portuguese 31 -Romanian 32-Slovak 33-Slovene which accents to provide and how to organize 34-Spanish 35-Swedish 36-Ukrainian 37-Welsh. them for users to add or omit on a user interface. Plus: 38-Braille and 39-Morse Code. Each developer needs to provide accent access, AFRICA: 40-Afrikaans 41 - inyarwanda 42- and each user needs to refine accents needed. irundi 43-Ndebele 44-Pedi 44-Sesotho 45- Having all accent and character options pop-up siSwati 46-Somali 47-Soninke 48-Swahili 49- for users can offer too many or too few options. Toucouleur 50-Tsonga 51 -Xhosa (Bantu) 52- OrrPad teaching modules introduce which Zulu. MIDEAST: 53-Armenian (when written accent kits to enable.

using Roman script) 54-Azeri 55-Turkish. Currently, in the standard keyboard platform is AMERICA: 56-Aymara (Bolivia) 57- the two-hand 10x3 keyboard with the layout as a Greenlandic 58-Navaho (USA) 59-Papiamento variant from Qwerty. In France the layout is the (Caribbean) 60-Quechua. ASIA: 61 -Balinese Azerty, while in Germany the layout is the 62-Indonesian 63-Malay 64-Maldivian 65- QwertZ, etc. OrrPad offers the first viable one- Pinyin (China) 66-Tagalog (Philippines) 67- hand writing tool in the world's writing systems. Thai (also in Brahmi script) 68-Vietnamese. OrrPad standardizes Roman access and provides OCEANA: 69-Trukese 70-Fijian 71-Ikiribati needed accents and extra characters. Every 5x6- 72-Kosraean 73-Nauruan 74-Neo-melanesian 6x5 layout is made more viable by the entire (TokPisin) 75-Nukuoro 76-Palauan 77- OrrPad platform, as duly improved. One Ponapean78-Trukese 79-Tuvaluan 80-Woleaian. essential way OrrPad proves the very viability of any and all 5x6-6x5 one-handed typing

Many languages are at risk of becoming instruments is by teaching methods of how extinct due to the modernization of traditional accents are accommodated on the 5x6-6x5. Any communities. OrrPad nurtures the world's 5x6-6x5 layout is made more viable as a linguistic cultures via their native language and general-purpose writing tool by OrrPad and is or writing system giving them access to so-claimed. The Otey patent vaguely refers to participate in the world community, while also languages but failed to teach how accents or preserving their distinct cultural diversity to other languages are achieved on the 6x5. The avoid a monoculture, which risks erasing the Accent Access system is claimed on OrrPads, wealth of independent cultures. and also if arranged on any other keyboard including any other 5x6-6x5 layouts, Qwerty,

ROMAN LANGUAGE SET DEMOGRAPHICS Azerty, Dvorak, or small focus fields. OrrPad accent systems can be used for other scripts, and

Few people in the world have the knowledge to

on all various focus fields and layouts, including be able to design a global keyboard. Absent

Qwerty, and is so claimed. Roman script world language viability, it was impossible to

languages are claimed under Orrpad in any adopt any new layout or one-handed platform.

language in any orientation including: 4x5, 5x5, OrrPad alone teaches and demonstrates the

5x6, 6x5, 5x8, 6x7, or 6x8.

viability of the 5x6-6x5 as a global platform,

proving it can be globally adopted for one- handed devices and more. OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

ROMAN LANGUAGE - ACCENTED ORRPADS:

2. ALBANIAN - skqip 3. BASQUE - Euskam

ALBANIAN is its own branch of the Indo- SPOKEN BY: 660,000 people in Spain and European family with no close relatives. It may France in the Basque region of Euskal Herria. be written using these scripts: Latin, Greek, BASQUE ACCENTS : Nn

Arabic, Elbasan, and Beitha Kukju. ACCENT SYMBOL: 1 (tilde) on N

SPOKEN BY 6.5 million in Montenegro, BASQUE has no known linguistic relatives Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo, Greece, Bulgaria, ACCENT ACCESS: One or no accent key is Ukraine, Italy. needed. Just an option key to access the tilde.

ALBANIAN ACCENTS: Aa Ee ζϋξ Kk BASQUE Euskara 5x6

3 AcCENTS ircumflex-cedilla-umlaut on AE+C

A ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key is needed, E I O u

by a strike after the letter is entered, which B F J P V

imitates the more natural handwritten method of C G K

adding an accent after a letter is written. An opt Q w

key struck simultaneously can also be used to D H L R X

access an accented letter. M S Y

ALBANIAN Shqip 5x6 N~ T z

A E.. I o u BASQUE Euskara 6x5

B F J P V

A B C D

c. G K Q w

H L R X E F G H

M S Y I J K L M N~

N T z O P Q R S T

ALBANIAN Shqip 6x5 u V w X Y z

A B c₄ D

BASQUE PRONUNCIATION KEY:

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Hh li Jj k

E.. F G H

Hi [Ml [ M l ( HI [ej ΐ

I J K L M N LI LI II Mra Nn Nil Oo 0q Rr Rrrr Ss m W [ml (" 1 [J>] [ « 1 m [u] [ ' ] m

O P Q R S T Ti Ts is Tx tx Tz lz UII Vv X* Y Zz

m i?i [u, u] . H [ »]

w m H i ] [?)

U V X Y z

ALBANIAN PRONUNCIATION KEY: Accents are required:

I [ m OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

4. BRAILLE ORRPAD 5. BRETON- Brezhoneg

SPOKEN BY about 350,000 in Brittany, France.

For those with sight-deficits, an OrrPad is BRETON belongs to the Brythonic branch of the particularly helpful as OrrPad layouts can be Celtic language family.

memorized without the benefit of sight.

ACCENTS: 4 A E I O ύ U I) N ABSENT: t) S

The OrrPad mnemonics are easily memorized at An accent key can be struck twice to add the first use, and like a musical instrument the brain accent to AEI or N. It can be struck 4 times to recognizes that each letter has a qualitative cycle through the full queue of options for U. relationship to the whole and can predict the

location of each letters in a spatial relationship BRETON Brezhoneg 5X6

to the whole. Furthermore, the keypad can sit

under one hand. A E I 0

B F J P V

The Braille OrrPad is claimed in 5x6 or 6x5

orientation in English and Roman character C G K Q w

language variants, but is also claimed for other D H L R X

focus fields and character sets with different

M

Braille patterns. Braille OrrPad devices can s Y

offer sound verification stating aloud which N~ T z

letter or function has just been struck.

BRETON Brezhoneg 6x5

BRAILLE Roman

A B C D

E F G H

E J K L M N

o P Q R s T

u V W X Y z

The Celtic languages are Indo-European in origin. They died out on continental Europe by the late 5th century, but are still spoken in Brittany and the British Isles. Celtic Gaulish of France is now dead, but still found on ancient inscriptions.

Living Insular Celtic is divided into two branches: Goidelic includes: Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic and Manx; and Brythonic, which includes Breton, Cornish and Welsh (listed below under W and see

"Gaelic" below to find Irish and Scottish Gaelic.)

Many presume the Celts spoke a common language, but they are as different as French is to English or German with their own adaptation of the Roman alphabet. Below is a comparison of the Celtic languages using the phrase 7 live in Cornwall':

• Cornish - Trigys ov yn Kernow

• Breton - E Kernev- Ve r emaon o chom

• Welsh - Dw i'n byw yng Nghernyw

• Irish - Τά me i mo chonai i gCorn na Breataine

• Scots Gaelic - Tha mi a'fiiireach anns a ' Chom

• Manx - Ta mee cummal ayns y Chorn OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

6. CATALAN - Catalan 7. CORNISH - Kernewek

CATALAN was originally a Gaulish dialect. No Cornish, a sister language of Breton, is nearly extinct. influence of Iberian, Germanic or Arabic. SPOKEN BY a few thousand speakers in Cornwall, SPOKEN: by 10 million in Spain in the provinces with 300 fluently, due to a revival effort in process. of Girona, Lleida, Valencia, Alacant, Barcelona, Old Cornish dates from 800 to 1250 AD when it was Castella de la Plana, Tarragona, and the Balearic essentially the same as Breton. Medieval Cornish Islands; in France, in the Pyrenees; Andorra, lasted until 1540 when many Cornishmen were killed and in parts of Cuba and Argentina. in the Prayer Book Rebellion when their books were ACCENT SYMBOLS: 3 required by law to be written in English, not Latin or

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key need be Cornish. Many English re-located to Cornwall, which struck once or twice to add either accent to A or had seaports for English merchants and English colonists travelling to America. Cornishmen were

E, and only one strike to add the accent to C. A

prominent in the Scientific Revolution. A Cornish sustained-depress followed by a popup menu, or

scientist invented the first electric light (Davys), his the Sequential Shift/Option can also be utilized.

\ / \ assistant Faraday, discovered electromagnetism, and

ACCENTS: l o Aa Aa Ee Ee Cornish steam engineers led the British industrial steam engine and locomotive revolution, which

(acute-grave-cedilla) on AE +C flooded more non-Cornish speakers into Cornwall.

The Cornish language drew its last breath at the end

CATALAN Catalan of the 19^lh century after the demand for Cornish engineering led to the diaspora of the Cornish

I O u engineering captains abroad with his work team (and

B F J P V often much of the close-knit village) wherever

Cornish engineering, steam engine, locomotive and c, G K Q w mining expertise, or seamen and merchants were in demand. The last native-born fluent speaker of the

D H L R X Cornish language died in 1891 .

M S Y CORNISH Kernewek 5x6

N T z

A E I O u

CATALAN Catalan B F j P V

B D C G K Q w

' v: F G H D H L R X

I J K L M N M S Y

0 P Q R S T N T z

u V w X Y z CORNISH Kernewek 6x5

CATALAN PRONUNCIATION KEY: Accents are required: A B C D

m !*. <; >] i n E F G H

s i 1

m

ά I J K L M N

[·! . «l m

O P Q R S T

U V W X Y Z OrrPad - Pan C Accent System - Roman Languages Part C

8. CROATIAN - hrvatskijezik 9. CZECH - ieStina, or: iesk jazyk

SPOKEN B Y: 18.5 million in Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia CZECH is a Western Slavonic language related to and Montenegro, the USA and Turkey, Slovak, Polish, and Serbian.

CROATIAN: is a South Slavonic language known SPOKEN BY: 12 million in the Czech Republic. collectively as Serbo-Croat. NUMBER OF ACCENTS: 15

SERBO-CROAT is one spoken language, which sounds

the same, but it is written in three different scripts. Aa Ee Ee ίί 0ό Uu Uu

The Serbs adopted the Cyrillic alphabet while the Cc D^vd Nn Rf §s^w Tt Yy Z/

Croats adopted the Latin alphabet. After Turkey

conquered Serbia and Bosnia, Islam spread to Bosnia A-ac, C-wd, D-wd, E-ac, E-wd, I-ac, N-ac, O-ac, R- and so Arabic script is also used. wd, S-wd, T-wd, U-ac, U-dt, Y-ac, Z-wd

CcCcDfiSsZz QWXY ACCENT SYM BOLS: 3 (acute-wedge-bolle) on

(wedge-acute-eth) on CDSZ (C-wd, A E I O U + C D N R S T Y Z

-ac, D-eth, -wd, Z-wd)

ACCENT ACCESS: Even though there are many

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key strike is

accented letters, since only three diacritic marks are needed to add the first accent to CDS or Z and two

used, but only two on any one letter, just one accent strikes to add the second accent for C or D.

strike is needed to add one accent to ACIDNORTY Alternatively, a sustained press and popup menu; or

and two strikes to add the second accent to E or U. A the use of the Sequential Shift/Option.

sustained press and popup menu or the use of the Sequential Shift/Option can also be used.

Hrvatskijezik

CZECH Cestina 5x6

A E I O u

B Γ J P V Ά E l Ό ^'u

C^" G K B F

Q w J P V

C G K Q w

D H L R X

D H L R" X

M S^" Y

N T Z^" M s^* Ύ

Hrvatskijezik 'N z

CZECH CeStina 6x5

A B cr ir

E F G H Ά B cr

Έ^ν F G H

I J K L M N

Ί J K L M 'N

O P Q R S^" T Ό P Q R S^V r u V w X Y 'υ^' V w X Ύ

: Croatian requires : Accents are required for accents to understand written communication: readers to understand written Czech:

Aa Bl> Cc Cc Cc Dd Dz dz Dd Ee Ff Gj Hh li Kk Aa Aa Bb Cc tt Dd Dd^" Ee Ei Ee Ff Gg Hh

Aa BO Uii i|<i Tih Aa Uu TA Ee Ψψ In j ( a j |T] [ g ] [ n ] ( « )

[ e ] ( x [ li ii Jj Kk Mm Nil Nii Oo 00 Pp Oq Rr Rf

LI Lj (j Mm N.i Nj ill Oo Pp Rr Ss SS Tt Uu Vv Zz Zz

Jb Ji Ha rt, Oo Ππ Pp Cc lilui V'y Ss SS Tt Tt' Uu Oil Uii Vv Ww St Yy Yy Zz Zz

[ t] OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

10. DANISH - Danska 1 1 . DUTCH. FLEMISH, AFRIKAANS -Nederlands.

SPOKEN BY: 25 million in Holland (Netherlands), the

SPOKEN BY: 6 million in Denmark, Greenland, Belgian Flanders provinces (Ghent, Brahant, urban Norway, southern Sweden, and Schleswig Antwerpen, Limburg) and the Dutch colonies of

Surinam and Indonesia.

Germany where it holds minority language

AFRIKAANS is the Dutch dialect of the Dutch Boer status. Also, found in Danish communities the

colony, now in South Africa. With slight differences, USA.

o the same language is called Dutch in the Netherlands

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 3 JE& Aa 00 is called Flemish in Belgium.

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 20 across AEIOU and Y is

DANISH is a North Germanic language largely sometimes accented

mutually intelligible with Norwegian and aaaa eeee 1 1 1 1 oooo uuuu y Swedish. Danish is a descendant of Old Norse,

ACCENT ACCESS: If just one accent key is available, their common language during the Viking Era.

the user would strike as many as four times to access ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key is needed all four accents. However, four accent keys can be to modify A or O. Alternatively just the made available if preferred. (They can occupy the Sequential Shift/Option feature, or hold-popup. four free keys.) Or use a pop-up menu, or Sequential

Shift/Options.

DANISH Danska 5x6

DUTCH, FLEMISH, AFRIKAANS

Nederlands, Vlaams 5x6

Aae^" E I 10 u

Ά\. Λ 'Ε\. .^'if

B F J P V

B F J P V

C G K Q w

C G K Q w

D H L R X

D H L R X

M S Y

N T z M s Y

Λ N T z

DAN ISH Danska 6x5 DUTCH, FLEMISH, AFRIKAANS

Nederlands, Vlaams 6x5

Ase^' B c D t

A A .. B c D

E F G H

I J K L M N Λ Έ\. F G H Λ ··

/O P Q R S T Λ 'Γ .. J K L M N

U V w X Y z Λ '0\. P Q R S T

A 'LJ\. V w X Y z

DUTCH ALPHABET: The Dutch-Flemish alphabet requires accents to be understood when written. Aa Aa Aa Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ee Ee Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii ΙΪ Ii ΙΪ Jj Kk LI Mm Nn 0ό Οό Οό Οό Ρρ Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Uu Uu Uu Uu Vv fw Xx Yy Zz OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages PartC

1. ENGLISH is the flagship language of the Roman 13. ESTONIAN- Eesti

OrrPad as the most common language in the world. ESTONIAN is a Finno-Ugric language related to English is accent free, but its plain alphabet serves as Finnish. The difference between the two is that a base to host about 100 or more accented languages.

Finnish has loan words from Swedish, while

The English OrrPad is found at top of this list. It can Estonian contains words of German origin, plus host all accents, no accents, or a selection of accents words from Russian, Latin, Greek and English. or any special letters needed to accommodate any SPOKEN BY: 1.1 million people in Estonia other Latin script based writing systems.

ACCENTS: Aa Oo Oo Uii C 11

ACCENT ACCESS: Many English language speakers ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key is needed. occasionally use French loan words or other loan The accent key is struck after the letter to place words from other European languages. Thus for an accent as is done in handwriting. Just one English users, just one accent key, a pop-up, or other strike is needed to add the first accent choice on lightweight accent system is needed to offer a set of ACOUSZ, and two strikes to add the tilde accent accents an English user might need. on A or O. Or use a depress-pop-up, or

Sequential Shift/Option accent features.

12. ESPERANTO

ESTONIAN Eesti

NUMBER OF ACCENTS: None ~A.. E I ..0~ u..

SPECIAL LETTERS: CX Gx Hx Sx B F J P V

ESPERANTO 5X6 C G K Q w

A E I o u D H L R X

B F Jx P V M S Y

Cx Gx K Q \V N T Z~

D Hx L R X ESTONIAN Eesti

M Sx Y

~A.. B C^v D

N T z

E F G H

ESPERANTO 6X5

I J K L M N

A B Cx D

E F Gx Hx ..o~ P Q R S^w T

I Jx K L M N u.. V W X Y Z"

O P Q R Sx T K : Estonian requires its accents to understand written communication:

U V w X Y Z Aa Bb · Cc Cc Del Ee Ff dp Hh

m [t] [·] ['] [^kl [») ii] [)]

Aa Bb Cc Cx Dd Ee Ff Gg Gx Hh Hx Ii Jj Jx Kk Kk LI m Nil Oo Pp Oq Rr Ss Si Zz

LI Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Sx Tt Uu Vv Zz [«j [m] [n] |o) t I ['] [ss] [J] Is]

[«] M |v] ) Is] l [ ] I ] OrrPud - Part C Accent System - 40+ oman Languages Part C

H. FINNISH -Suomi 15. FRENCH - Fran ais

FRENCH is a Romance language directly descended

SPOKEN BY: 5 million in Finland, Sweden, from popular Latin combined with Gaulish Celtic, Norway, Estonia, Canada and Russia. Finnish is written since at least 800 AD. It is related to Spanish and Italian, which was popular Latin combined with a Finno-Ugric language related to Estonian

regional dialects.

FINNISH ACCENTS: 2 Aa Oo SPOKEN BY: 70 million people in France, Belgium, ACCENT SYMBOLS: 1 (umlaut) on A O Canada, Monaco, Switzerland, Italy, the USA, ACCENT ACCESS : Just one accent key is needed Africa, the Caribbean and some Pacific islands. or the Sequential Shift/Option accent features FRENCH ACCENTS 13 and 1 LIGATURE CE: Aa Aa

EeEe Ee Ee ίϊ ϊί ΟδίΕα: ϋίι Οΰ Cc

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 5 (acuie-grave-circumflex-

FINNISH Suomi umlaut-cedilla) to total 12 accents on AEIOU+C

ACCENT ACCESS: One to four accent keys can be

A.. E I 0.. u used, or a pop-up menu or queue as Sequential

Shift/Options

M S Y B F J P V

N T z C, G K Q w

D H L R X

FINNISH Suomi M S Y

A.. E I o.. u N T z

B F J P V FRENCH Fran is

C G K Q w Λ Α~ B C, D

D H L R X

A 'E\. F G H

FINNISH PRONUNCIATION KEY: A U V W X Y z

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ef Ff Og Hh li Ij k- LI Mm Nn

PROS NCIATI .V KKY: Trench requires ics accents for

[ »] [») [ l [d] |e) |l] [₉1 I h 3 [j] [k] [I) [m] [n]

readers to understand written communication:

Oo Pp Q(| Rr Ss Ti Un Vv Ww .¾ V^'y Zz Aa Oo

[ »] [ Pl ['1 (s ] HI [»1 [v] |v] [a] [y] |ts ) [s] (

_[» ._j OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

16. GERMAN - Deutsch 17. GAELIC. IRISH - Gijei/ge S^^-AC

SPOKEN BY: 120 million in Austria, Germany, and IRISH GAELIC is a Celtic language closely related to Switzerland. Germany recently proposed a method of Manx Gaelic and Scottish Gaelic. Irish Gaelic was re-spelling that eliminates the need for the umlaut. written in the Ogham script until Christianity was However, all previously published work still carries introduced. Medieval Irish scribes are credited with the umlaut and support for accents has improved. preserving numerous written works of Western

GERMAN ACCENTS: Aa 00 Oii EXTRA: β Civilization that were destroyed elsewhere during the

Protestant Reformation and civil wars, Since most ACCENT SYMBOL: 1 (umlaut) on AOU

Irish now also speak English, the full Roman ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key is needed or

alphabet should be made available to the Irish. The the Sequential Shift/Option accent features

Irish also have an Irish-style Latin script used since

GERMAN Deutsch the Middle Ages and still seen in print and on signs today. Dotted consonants appear in Irish script font.

A.. E I O.. u.. A.. B C D

SPOKEN BY: 80,000 people who use Irish as their

B F J P V E F G H everyday language. About 1 million people claim knowledge of the language in Ireland, the UK, USA,

C G K Q w I J K L M N Canada and Australia.

D H L R X O.. P Q R S T ABSENT: J K Q V W X Y Z EXTRA

M S Y U.. V W X Y z ACCENTS: A E I O U Lowercase i has no dot.

N T z Consonants can be dotted, including:

Aa Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk nLl Mm Bb Cc Dd Ff Gg Mm Pp Ss Tt Nn Oo 06 Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz Usually seen when using a Gaelic style font.

German once required the umlaut to understand IRISH GAELIC Gaeilge

written German. Recently, German was adapted for

the Internet by respelling all German without the \ E Ί O u timlavt. For example, umlaut can now be spelled as s

"uemlaut". With only one accent, this respelling was B F .! P Y considered feasible; however, even this one change

C G is. I

(on three letters) offers limited success in eliminating

accents. Any existing published work cannot comply. D H L R X

OrrPad makes the re-spelling of languages

unnecessary with its accent support. M^' s^'

The Germanic branch of Indo-European is a N T / ^■ .

centum language including: Flemish, English,

Faroese, Frisian, High German, Low German, IRISH GAELIC Gaeilge

Gutnish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. The

linguistic cradle of the Germanic languages was in B c D

Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and the lower Elbe.

After 1000 BC, the isolation of a unique mix of Έ F G H

families, which included an Indo-European language

I

resulted in Germanic languages being about 20% J K L M N

Indo-European. Grimm's Law describes this phonetic

shift from ancient Indo-European values to modern Ό' P Q R S T

Germanic values; in a formula whereby the Indo- European p, t, k becomes the Germanic /, th, h; the U V w X \ z Indo-European b, d, g become Germanic p, t, k; and

Δ Λ b b C c O Tj e e F F S s h h I i Indo-European bh, dh, gh became Germanic b, d, g.

(The Grimm brothers are best known as the

collectors of Grimm's Fairy Tales.) L l m m tl n O o p p R n S p C c U u OrrPad - Part C Accent System - Roman Languages Part C is. GAELIC. SCOTTISH - G idhiig 19. HUNGARIAN - Magyar

SPOKEN BY: 60,000 (about! % of the HUNGARIAN: is a Uralic language not related to population) in Scotland, mostly in the Outer Slav, Latin, Germanic, or Baltic.

Hebrides, Highlands, Strathclyde regions, and in SPOKEN: by 15 million in Hungary, Romania Cape Breton, Canada. 10% of Scottish Gaelic and Slovakia

speakers live in Glasgow. A Norse-Gaelic form ACCENTS- of Gaelic is found in coastal Scotland. Most

urban Scottish speak English and thus the full Aa C V Ee ίί όό Οό' 06 ύύ IJu ί)ϋ Latin alphabet should also be available. ABSENT: Q W X Y

SCOTTISH GAELIC belongs to the Goidelic ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the branch of the Celtic languages. The alphabet is Sequential Shift/Option accent features called Betih Luin Nuin after the first three letters

BLN of the Ogham alphabet that was once by HUNGARIAN Magyar

Celtic peoples until Christianity arrived. In the Ά Έ I Ό^"..

1500s due to the incursion of English peoples 'u^"

into Scotland, Scottish Gaelic and Irish Gaelic B F J P V

diverged to become more substantially distinct

languages one from the other. G K Q

ABSENT LETTERS: J Q V W X Y Z D H L R

ACCENTS: AA EE I 00 U M S Y

N T z

SCOTTISH GAELIC G idhiig

HUNGARIAN Magyar

Έ' O' ^vu

B F 1 P V A B cr D

C G K Q \\ Έ F G H

D H L R X

Ί J K L M N

M S Y

N T 7. Ό".. . P n R S T

^'u".. V Y X Y Z

SCOTTISH GAELIC Gaidhiig

: Accents are required

A' B C D to understand written Hungarian:

Aa Aa Bb Co Cscs Del DZ dz Ee Ee Ff Gg Oy© Hh

Έ' F G H [ »] [» I [ 6 ] [Tl] IT) [i ] [ Λ2] ( 0 [κ ] [I] i g] 111 [ h] li ίί Jj Kk LI Ly ly Mm Nn Ny iiy Oo Οό Οΰ Οό

I J K L M N (M (M

O' P R S T Ρμ Ri Ss Sz sz It Ty iy Uu Ui^'i Oii Oii Vv Zz Zs zs

I P I ['] [J] [ s] [(] [c ] [u ] [ u: ] [y] [y ] | v] U ^' ' Ί Z

Other Celtic: Breton is listed above with Cornish

and Manx. Welsh is alphabetically listed below. OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ oman Languages Part C

20. ICELANDIC AND FAROESE- isienska 21. ITALIAN - itaiiano

SPOKEN BY: 60 million in Italy, Eritrea, and

Icelandic is the contemporary language of

Switzerland.

Iceland, yet the most conservative descendent of ITALIAN is a Romance language related to Spanish, Old Norse. Ucelandic readers can still read Old French, Portuguese and Romanian. Italian, like the Norse Sagas without much difficulty. Icelandic oiher Romance languages, is the direct offspring of requires accents for written communication to Latin and of all the major Romance languages Italian be understood. retains the closest resemblance to Latin with a great

SPOKEN BY: 275,000 in Iceland and Faroese number of ancient Oscan and Umbrian elements. Islands Italian is considered a single language with numerous dialects, with the Tuscan dialect most dominating the

ACCENTS : A a Ee Ii Oo Oo Uii Italian peninsula standard.

ICELANDIC EXTRA CHARACTERS: Όό, T*J ABSENT LETTERS: K W Y ACCENTS: 20

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key needed or Aa Ee Ee ίί K B

the Sequential Shift/Option accent features 0ό Oo IJu IJu

ACCENT MARKS: 3: acute, grave, circumflex

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the Sequential Shift/Option accent features

ICELANDIC and FAROESE isienska

ITALIAN itaiiano

A 35 E ί 0 ύ

A E :r O^v If

B F J -P V

B F J P V

C G K Q w

C G K Q \\

-D H L R X D H L R X

M S Y M S V

N T z N T z

ITALIAN itaiiano

ICELANDIC AND FAROESE Isienska

A^{^} B C D

A se B c -D Έ^¾ F G H

E F G H Λ 'Ρ J K L M N f J K L M N r P Q R S T

O -P Q R S T u V w X Y z

ύ V w X Y z Aa Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ee Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii fi it ϊϊ Jj Kk LI Mm Nn Oo Oo Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Ti Uu ύύ IJu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz

: Italian require accents for readers to understand written communication: ei OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

22. LATIN (Ancient): 23. LATVIAN - Atviesu valoda

Latin is the alphabet grandmother of the Roman LATVIAN is a Baltic language related to OrrPad, but it is absent 8 letters of the modern Lithuanian and Old Prussian

Roman alphabet. SPOKEN BY 1.4 million in Latvia. Also,

THE ANCIENT LATIN ALPHABET is descended from populations in USA, Russia, Australia, Canada, the Etruscan alphabet, which evolved from the Germany, UK, Sweden, Lithuania, Ukraine, Greek alphabet. The earliest known Latin Estonia, Brazil, Belarus

inscriptions, date to the 6th century BC. Roman

inscriptions are found throughout Europe and

SsUu ΪΪ also in the Middle East and North Africa.

A-dt, C-wd, E-dt, G-hk, I-dt, K-hk, L-hk, N-hk, R-hk,

By 1500, about 70% of all books in the world S-wd, U-dt, Z-wd

had been written in classical Latin. Local SYMBOLS: 3 (hook-wedge-dot) on A E I U + vernacular forms of Latin accounted for the CG K LN RSZ ABSENT: Q W X Y majority balance. Thus, by 1500 most books ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the were written in Latin. Sequential Shift/Option accent features

ACCENTS: None. There are no accents and there

LATVIAN Atviesu valoda

were no lower case letters. Only 23 uppercase

m ·

letters. The letters J, U and W were added to • •

E I

the alphabet at a later stage to write languages o u

other than Latin. J is a variant of I, U is a F J P V variant of V, and W was introduced as a

'double-v' to make a distinction between the ^v G _t K_t Q w sounds we know as V and 'w' in non-Latin H R. X languages.

ABSENT IN ANCIENT LATIN: J U V W M s^v Y K, X, Y and 7L were used for words of Greek N. T z^v origin, preserving the Greek legacy of the Latin

alphabet LATVIAN Atviesu va loda

LATIN (ANCIENT)

A' B C^v D

A E I O I A B C D E^" F G H

B F P E F G H

Γ J M N.

C G I^" Q I JK L M N

D H L R . O P Q R S T O P Q S^V T

M S ¥ *- V. X ¥ 7L IT V vv X Y 7

N T S

LATVIAN PRONUNCIATION KEY: Accents are required to understand written Latvian:

ABC D EFGH

Aa Aa Bl) Cc tl Dl Dzdz Did* Ee. Ei Ff Gj Gg IKLMN OPQRSTXYZ [a] [a] [b] [Ϊ3] [J] W [3¾ [¾) ['] [9] [J]

Ancient Latin is suitable for an archeological Hh Chch li li Jj Kk ft- LI L| Mm Nn n version of OrrPad for the scripts of the ancient (<] (>] [i] ti:] lil {«) [c] Ml !"l ["1 !"] [J>1 world, whose layouts are also claimed by OrrPad. Oo Pp Rr Rr Ss 55 Tl Liu Od Vv Zz li

[» ] [pi [r] [s] [J] |t| [u] [u:J [z] [5) OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ Languages Part C

24. LITHUANIAN -uetuvi kaiba 25. MALTESE - Main

LITH UANIAN is a Baltic language related to

Latvian and Old Prussian. It is considered the SPOKEN BY 350,000 people on the Mediterranean island of Malta

oldest surviving Indo-European language and

thought to have retained Proto-Indo-European MALTESE ACCENTS: CC" Gg^* -Hh Zz (PIE) features such as pitch-accent and a (c-dot, g-dot, h-eth, z-dot)

complex inflexion case system. Some words ACCENT SYM BOLS: 2 (dot-eth) on C G H Z

MALTESE developed directly from Arabic, but after resemble Sanskrit and Latin.

870 AD was re-shaped by heavy Italian influences. SPOKEN BY: 3.5 million in Lithuania. Also:

ACCENT ACCESS : Sequential Shift/Option feature Poland, USA, Brazil, Argentina, Canada,

Uruguay and UK. MALTESE Malti

ACCENTS: 9 A-hk, C-vvd, E-hk, E-dt, I-hk, S- wd, U-hk, U-dt, Z-wd A E I O u

4_¾ ¾e_?Ee ¾U_?u₅Uu'Cc Ss Zz B F J P V

SYMBOLS : 3 (hook-wedge-dot) on AE IU+ CSZ • •

C G K Q w

ABSENT: Q W X UNIQUE ORDER: Y

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the D H L R X

Sequential Shift/Option features M S Y

•

LITH UAN IAN Lietuvhf kalba N T z

•

'ς O X MALTESE Malti

•

B F J P V A B C D

c G_£ K Q w •

E F G -H

D H L R X

I J K L M N

M S^v Y

O P Q R S T

N T z^v

U V w X Y z^*

LITHUANIAN Uetuvhj kalba

MALTESE PRONUNCIATION KEY: Accents are required to

A, B c D understand written Maltese:

X F G_s H (»] ) _' ] ( ¾ ]

J K L M N

O P Q R S^v T

X V w X Y z

LITHUANIAN PRONUNCIATION KEY: Accents are required 26. MANX- Yn Ghael

to understand written Lithuanian:

A

1 * 1 Manx began in the 5^lh century when the Isle of Man was first settled by Gaels and Norse. It became LI

[™1 distinctly Manx after the Norse kingdom of Man ended in the I4'^h century. However, Manx too [ «51 [ 51 became extinct in spoken form with the emergence of the modern English era after 1800, but Manx is now taught on the Isle of Man to revive it. OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

MANX M Ghael 28. POLISH - Jzyk polski, polszczyzna

6x5 5x6

A POLISH is a West Slavonic language related to:

B C D A E I 0 u Czech, Slovak and Serbian.

E F G H B F J P V SPOKEN BY: 3.5 million people in Poland,

I J K L M N C G Q w Lithuania, Belarus, the UK, USA and Canada.

0 P Q R S T D H L R X POLISH ACCENTS: 9

u V w X Y Z M S Y

N T z An Cc F,e_? 06 Ν^ή Ss Zz Zz

A-hk,C-ac, E-hk,L-slash, N-ac, O-ac, S-ac, Z-ac, Zdt

ACCENT SYMBOLS:

27. NORWEGIAN— Norsk 4 (hook-acute-slash-dot) onAEO + CLNSZ

ABSENT: Q V X

SPOKEN BY: 5 million in Norway. Norwegian is .a ACCENT ACCESS: Sequential Shift/Option modern Western North Germanic language with two feature

major dialects: Nynorsk, which is the descendent of

Old Norwegian; and Bokmal, also called Dano- zyk polski

Norwegian or Riksmal, is more accurately a form of POLISH ?

Danish. Nynorsk is prevalent in rural areas; and

Bokmal in the cities. Since 1951 there has been an

effort to effect a merger of the two dialects. A. E_t I Ό u

LIGATURES & ACCENTS: /£∑e 00 Aa B F J P V

ACCENT ACCESS: Sequential Shift/Option feature c' G K Q w

NORWEGIAN Norsk D H L R X

A^°as E I 10 u M ^'s Y

B F •

J P V ^'N T z

C G K Q w

D H L R X POLISH j zyk polski

M S Y B c' D

N T z

F G H

NORWEGIAN Norsk

A°X B c D 0 Ρ Q R

E F G H

u V w X

I J K L M N

POLISH PRONUNCIATION KEY: Letters require accents for

/O P Q R S T readers to understand written Polish:

Aa Aa Bb Cc Cc Del Ee E_S Ff Of. Hh li Jj l LI LI

U V w X Y z [a] Hi [«] in [9] !■! C « J li) I ^kl I'l I"!

Mm Nil Nil Oo Οό Pp Rr Ss Ss Tl Uu Ww Vy Zz Zi ti ch z dz elz dz sz zcz OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C rUGUESE - Portugues 30. ROMANIAN - Limba Romdn

SPOKEN B Y: 155 million in Portugal, Brazil, SPOKEN BY: 24 million people in: Romania, Mozambique, Angola, Guin6, Cape Verde. The Moldova and Ukraine.

closest linguistic root relatives are local

ACCENTS:

Asturian (Bable), Galician, some Spanish, but Aa Aa ϊΐ Ss^t ABSENT: re-shaped under Arabic and Berber Sephardic Q

influence. ACCENT SYMBOLS: 5

ACCENTS: 9 (acute-dip-circumflex-cedilla-hook)

Aa Aa £ς Ee Oo όό Oo ϋϋ on A I + S T a-cf, a-dip, I-cf, s-cedilla, t-hk

ROMANIAN is a Romance language of ancient

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 9 (tilde-cedilla-circumflex-

Latin origin with words from Slavic languages, acute-topdash-umlaut) ON AEOU + C a-tilde, a-

French, Old Church Slavonic, German, Greek cf, c-cedilla, e-cf, o-cf, o-ac, o-tilde, o-topdash,

and Turkish.

u-um

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the

Sequential Shift/Option accent features Sequential Shift/Option accent features

ROMANIAN - Limba Romana 5x6

PORTUGUESE Portugues

E I O u

A E I o u.. B F J P V

B F J P V c G K Q w

c. G K Q w D H L R X

D H L R X M s, Y

M S Y

N z

N T z

ROMANIAN - Limba Romana 6x5

PORTUGUESE Portugues

A B c D

Α^Λ B C D

E F G H

E F G H

I J K L M N I J K L M N

O P Q R S. ^T,

O P Q R S T

u V w X Y Z

U.. V W X Y z

: Accents are required to : Portuguese requires understand written Romanian:

accents to understand written communication: OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Languages PartC

31 SLOVAK- Slovensky 32 SLOVENE- siovenski

SLOVAK is a Western Slavonic language related SLOVENE is a South Slavonic language related to to Czech, Polish, and Serbian. Serbian, Croatian, Macedonian and Bulgarian. SPOKEN BY: 5.5 million people in Slovakia. SPOKEN BY: 2 million people in Slovenia, ACCENT SYMBOLS: 4 (acute-umlaut-wedge- Austria, Hungary and Italy.

tilde) to create 16 accents onACDEIO + LN ACCENTS: Cc" Ss^" Zz"

RST YZ ACCENT SYMBOLS: 1 (wedge) on C S Z

Aa Aa Ee ίίόό Οό ύύ Cc ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the

Sequential Shift/Option accent features

DcT Ll^'Nfi Rr SsSsft Zz

(a-ac, a-um, c-wd, d-vvd, e-ac, I-ac, L-ac, n-til, SLOVENE siovenski

o-ac, o-wd, r-ac, s-wd, t-wd, u-ac, y-ac, z-wd)

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key or the

A E I O u

Sequential Shift/Option features

B F J P V

SLOVAK Slovensky

cr G K Q w

A.. Έ Ί o ^'u D H L R X

B F J P V

M S Y

C G K Q w

N T

D~ H 'L R X

SLOVENE siovenski

M Ύ

N~ T z~ A B C D

E F G H

SLOVAK Slovensky

I J K L M N

Ά.. B c D" O P Q R S^v T

Έ F G H U V W X Y z

I J K 'L M 1ST

SLOVENSKI PRONUNCIATION KEY: Slovene requires

Ό" P Q R V T accents to understand written communication:

'u V w X Y z (») 1°) [Tl («1 ['1 [gl

It

SLOVAK PRONUNCIATION KEY: Slovak requires accents el m i») m ("i n.'] m m to understand written communication:

[·] OrrPad - Pari C Accent System - 40+ iman Languages Part C

33. SPANISH Esp noi 34. SWEDISH Svenska

SPOKEN BY: 330 million in Spain, Africa, the USA,

Caribbean, South America (except Brazil), and the SWEDISH is a North Germanic language in the Philippines. Scandinavian branch very closely related to Danish, ABSENT: W Norwegian and Icelandic.

ACCENTS: Aa Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu Uii Nn SPOKEN BY: 10 million in Sweden, Finland, USA

SYM BOLS: 3 (acule-umlaui-tilde) on AEIOU + N SWEDISH ACCENTS:

SPANISH is a Romance language related to Italian, Aa Aa Oo

Portuguese and French. The Popular Latin spoken

by Roman armies formed the basis of the many ACCENTS SYMBOLS: 2 (bolle-umlaut) on AO Spanish dialects. The Castilian dialect gradually ACCENT ACCESS: One accent key strike will add an became the Spanish standard. accent to AOU. Or Sequential Shift/Option features

ACCENT ACCESS: Just one accent key struck once

will produce the accent on EION. Two strikes will

produce the second accent on A or U. Or use the SWEDISH - Svenska

sustained-hold pop-up or Sequential Shift/Option

accent access. A E I O.. U..

SPANISH Espanoi B F J P V

Έ I 0 ^'u.. C G K Q w

B F J P V D H L R X

C G K 0 w M S Y

D H L R X N T z

M s Y

SWEDISH - Svenska

N~ T z

A^° B C D

SPANISH Espanoi

E F G H

B C D I J K L M N

Έ F G H O.. P Q R S T

U.. V W X Y Z

I J K L M N^"

Ό P Q R S T

Swedish Alphabet: Aa Aa Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg

^'u.. V w X Y z Hh Ii Jj Kk LI Mm Nn Oo Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt

Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz

SPANISH PRONUNCIATION KEY: SDanish reauires accents

to understand written communication: OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

35. WELSH - Cymraeg

AFRICAN (ROMANIZED) CHARACTER SETS :

SPOKEN BY: 650,000 people in Wales (Cymru) and a

population in Patagonia Argentina. 36. AFRI KAANS- Also see Dutch

ACCENTS: (no accents in Welsh)

Afrikaans is a Germanic language derived from

ABSENT: .1 Q V X Z Dutch with Malay and local African additions.

WELSH IS related to Cornish and Breton, and more Afrikaans has a base of Dutch brought to South distantly to Irish, Manx and Scots Gaelic. Africa by Dutch colonists, blended with Malay Since nearly all Welsh speakers also speak and write and other local African languages. Afrikaans English, the full set of letters needed for English

was spoken first by the Malay people on the should also be given to Welsh speakers.

Cape of Good Hope in the 17^,h century.

WELSH Cymraeg SPOKEN B Y: 10 million as one of the 1 1 official languages of the Republic of South Africa.

A E I O u ACCENT ACCESS: Strikes on the accent key will rotate a queue of 4 accent choices for AEIOUY.

B F ,\ P V Since there are four choices, they can each have a dedicated accent key. Or use the sustained-

C G K Q w hold pop-up or Sequential Shift/Option accent

D H L R X access.

M S Y DUTCH, FLEMISH, AFRIKAANS

nds, Vlaams

WELSH Cymraeg

B F J P V

A B C D C G K Q w

E F G H

D H L R X

I .1 K L M N

M S Y

O P Q R S T

Λ N T z

* 'ΙΓ.. V W X Υ ζ OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Languages Part C

37. SWAHILI- A Bantu African language

MI D-EAST AND ASIAN

SWAHILI is a major language of the 1 800 African ROMANIZED CHARACTER SKTS:

languages and is one of the official languages of the

African Union: along with Arabic, English, French

and Portuguese. Swahili was written in Arabic in the 38. AZERI

1 8^LH century, but is now customarily written with the Azeri is a Turkic language spoken by 31 million Roman script. people in two forms: North Azeri and South

SPOKEN BY: Swahili is a Bantu family language Azeri. S OKEN BY: 6 million in Azerbaijani, spoken by about 5 million people as a firsl language 23.5 million in Iran, 300,000 in Iraq, 285,000 in in Tanzania, Burundi, Congo (Kinshasa) Kenya,

Georgia, 160,000 in Armenia, 530,000 in Mayotte, Mozambique, Oman, Rwanda, Somalia,

South A frica, Uganda, UAE and the USA. Swahili is Turkey, 30,000 in Syria, 1 12,000 in Russia, and an official language of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya thousands in Afghanistan.

and is used as a lingua franca throughout East A frica

Azeri is written in three scripts: Arabic, as a second language to 30-50 million speakers.

Cyrillic and Latin. The Arabic script in a Persian ACCENTS: G ' Ng' ABSENT: Q il V X

form was adopted when Islam was introduced in However, the absent letters should be made available

the 7^,h century, but as a Turkic language and for as many Swahili speakers also need the full Latin

script. political reasons the Arabic script was deemed

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 1 on the letter G as in ng'. ill suited. In 1939, Cyrillic was imposed for ACCENT ACCESS: Sequential Shift/Opt feature most of the 20^lh century under Soviet occupation. Several Roman character methods

SWAHILI of Africa have been introduced in the theory that a Turkic language would work best in a Roman script, as

A E I O u is employed in Turkey. The Azerbaijan nation

B adopted new Latin alphabets successively. The

F J P V

Roman Azeri OrrPad incorporates the characters

C G ' K Q w of the newest system, plus the letters still used

D H L R X by people under the older Latin regimes. A full

Azeri OrrPad would include character-set

M S Y options for Arabic, Cyrillic and Latin.

N T z NON-ROMAN LETTERS: 3 (schwa) 0[ h 3 Θ

SWAHILI of Africa ACCENTS: A ό i ι,ϋ ς G § z

ABSENT: VV (can be piggied under V)

A B C D ACCENT ACCESS: One accent key or option shift

E F G ' H AZERI 5X6

I J K L M N A.. E 3 •I, ΘΟ.. u..

O P B F J P Vw

Q R S T

U V w X Y z h G K Q Y

c, oi L R z-

D H M 3 S,

3 E X N T OrrPad - Pari C Accent Sysiem - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

AZE l 6x5 40. INDONESIAN Bahasa

A.. B h c, D 3E Indonesian is a Malayan Austronesian language.

SPOKEN BY: 30 million people in Indonesia as a

E 3 F C^" Ci| H X first language and a 140 million as a second language including 75 million native speakers of

^•1 , J K L M N

Javanese. Indonesian has three scripts. A unique eO. P Q R 3 S, T native script, Arabic script after becoming the most populous Islamic nation in the world; and u.. Vw Y Z after Indonesia became a Dutch colony, the

Latin script was also employed to write

The Azeri order should be preserved. Schwa Indonesian.

is the most commonly used letter in the current ACCENTS: A E E I

regime and can sit on a separate key and piggied

on E. Absent letters are removed or piggied. W INDONESIAN 6X5 INDONESIAN 5X6 can be made available for those who need it

under V. I> can be piggied with B and CDE A^" B C D A^W ' E^M I., o u moved into the space if the corner needs to be E^" F G H B F J P V utilized by an accent or option key or other I.. J K L M N C G K Q W letter or function. 5x5 and 6x5 is claimed. O P Q R S T D H L R X

U V W X Y Z M S Y

N T Z

39. BALINESE Basa Bali

Balinese is an Austronesian language spoken by 41. MALAY Bahasa Melayu

about 3 million people on the Indonesian island

of Bali, the island of Lombok, and in Malay is an Austronesian language spoken by 1 8 Nusapenida, Java and Sulawesi. Balinese was million in Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, first written in a curly Brahmi script. Religious Brunei and Thailand. When Islam arrived in the texts date from the 1 I ^th century, that were copies 14th century, the Arabic script was adapted to of works written on palm leaves. Children learn write Malay. By the 17th century the Dutch and both scripts, but favor Latin. British, replaced the Arabic script with the Latin alphabet. The oldest Malay writings are 7^lh

BALINESE Basa Bali century inscriptions found in Sumatra written in

6x5 5x6 a Brahmi Indian Srivijaya script.

A B C D A E I 0 u MALAY Bahasa Melayu

E F G H B F J P V

I J K L M N C G Q w 6x5 5x6

O P Q R S T D H L R X

U V W X Y z M S Y A B C D A E I O u

N T z E F G H B F J P V

I J K L M N C G K Q w

O P Q R S T D H L R X

u W X Y z M S Y

N T z OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

42. CHINESE ΡΙΝΥΓΝ 43. ROMAJI (see Japanese section)

(see Chinese for more detailed information)

SPOKEN BY: 1 billion Chinese speakers. Pinyin is The unaccented Roman alphabet serves as the not a spoken language, but is the official phonetic Roman phonetic alphabet for Romaji to write written form of Mandarin Chinese instituted by Mao Western words, as one of the four official Tse Tung in mainland the People's Republic of

Japanese scripts; along with their native scripts China. Mandarin is the main spoken Chinese

language of PRC and Taiwan with over 600 million of Hiragana and Katakana Japanese, plus anji speakers. There is also a Cantonese system of Pinyin with 2500 Chinese characters.

called Penkycamp, Cantonese is a Chinese language

in southern China and Hong Kong. Mandarin and 6x5 5x6

Cantonese is unintelligible one to the other.

However, written Chinese characters and can be A B C D A E I O u written and read by both groups of speakers. While E F G H B F J P V Pinyin letters can write a phonetic form of both I J K L M N C G K Q w Mandarin and Cantonese Chinese. O P Q R S T D H L R X

ACCENTS: 26 accents distributed across the 5 vowels U V w X Y z M S Y a a a a e e e e e 1 1 1 1 N T z δ ό ό ό ΰ ύ ΰ ύ ϋ ύ ύ ύ ϋ

PINYIN: is used as a principle Chinese computer 44. TAGALOG Filipino

input system in the People's Republic of China. Tagalog (Filipino) is an Austronesian language Users type the Mandarin or Cantonese word of the Philippines, with a unique ancestral using Pinyin letters: and then software translates character set, but is commonly written using the the Pinyin into Chinese ideographic characters. Roman set.

ACCENTS: N~ EXTRA: NG

CHINESE PINYIN 5x6

TAGALOG Filipino

a a a e e e e c. ϊ ί i i o ό 6 ό ϋύύύϋΰϋΰϋ

A E I O u A E I O u

B F J P V B F J P V

C G K Q w

C G K Q w

D H L R X

D H L R X

M S Y

N T z M S Y

~ Ng T z

CH INESE PINYIN 6x5

a a a A B C D A B c D

e e e ec E F G H E F G H

T i l i I J K L M N I J K L M ~ Ng

5 ό 6 ό o P Q R S T O P Q R S T

ΰύύι Γι ϋίίϋ u V W X Y z U V w X Y Z OrrPad - Pan C Accent System - 40+ man Languages Part C

45. TURKISH rurkce 46. VIETNAMESE - ning v

SPOKEN BY: 50 million speakers in: Turkey and SPOKEN B Y: 55 million people in Vietnam and a Northern Cyprus. It is a non-European small population in the USA

language by a non-European people, but who

use a Euroepan script. ACCENTS : Aa Aa Dd Ee Oo Oo'

ACCENTS: Ii Oo Uti Gg^v Ss_^ Uu'

ACCENT SYMBOLS: DIP-CIRCUMFLEX-ETH-

ABSENT: Q X W ABSENT: F J W Z

ACCENT SYMBOLS: 4 (cedilla-wedge-umlaut) VIETNAMESE is an Austro-Asiatic language on I O U + C G S

originally written with a version of Chinese

ACCENT ACCESS: An accent key or Sequential script known as Chu-nom or Norn until the 20^TH Shift/Option feature century. Today only quoc ngu a Latin

orthography is used.

TURKISH ΤΜςβ ACCENT ACCESS : An accent key or Sequential

Shift/Option feature

A E I o.. U..

VIETNAMESE Tiing Viet

B F J P V

A E^» I *0' U' c . G^v K Q w

B F

D H L R X J P V

C G K Q vv

M s, Y

-D H L R X

N T z

M S Y

TURKISH Turk N T z

A B c, D

VIETNAMESE ning Viet

E F G^v H

A B c -D

I J K L IN

E* F G H

o.. P Q R S, T I J K L M N u.. V w X Y z P Q R S T

U' V w X Y z

TURKISH PRONUNCIATION KEY: Letters require accents

for readers to understand written Turkish; VIETNAMESE PRONUNCIATION K EY; Accents are required

C I.

to understand written Vietnamese; .<- ο ··' OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

AMERICAN ROMANIZED CHARACTER SETS 48. NA VA HQ - NA VAJO Dine bizaad

Navaho is an Athabaskan language spoken by about 150,000 people in the American

47. AYMARA ay mar aru southwest. Navaho speakers served as code communicators in WWII. The full Latin letter-

SPOKEN BY: about 2 million speakers in set should be available as Navaho live in the Bolivia, with another 200,000 in Peru, and a few USA where English is needed.

thousand in Chile and Argentina. The Aymara

people have ancient pictographs, which never ACCENTS: AAA EF^ Ijj OQQ fclQ L evolved into an actual writing system. Although ABSENT: F P Q R V X Y Z

not all Aymara speakers speak Spanish, since

Spanish is a major language in the regions

NAVAHO Dine bizaad

where Aymara speakers live, the letters needed

for Spanish should be included on Aymara A \ E\

OrrPads. i\ 0 u

B F J P V

ABSENT: B D E F G O V Z

C G K Q w

AYMARA aymar aru 5x6

D H ^• L R X

A.. E I.. O U.. M S Y

B F J P' V N" T z

C G K ' Q» W

NAVAHO D, me bizaad

D H ' L R X

A', B C D

M S Y

N T Z E\ F G H

I', J K /L M N '

AYMARA avmar aru 6x5

o\ P O R S T

A.. B C D U V w X Y z

E F G ΙΓ

A A EE$■ 11 OQ0, B, Ch , Ch' , D, D1, Da, G, Gh. H,

I.. J K' L M N Hw , J, ', w, L, t, M , N\ S, Sh , T, T' t, TL.

O P' Q R S T'

49. MORSE CODE is the International

U.. V W X Y z telegraphic system, still in possible use today. In addition to tapping actual dots and dashes, any OrrPad can be typed normally, yet transmit dots and dashes. (S-O-S is three dots and 3 dashes)

6x5 5x6

A B C D A E I O u

E F G H B F J P V

I J K L M N C G K Q w

O P Q R S T D H L R X U V W X Y Z M S Y N T z OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

ORR PAD ACCENT ACCESS can be used on any Note: OrrPads can be set to allow any accent to other layout, including the OrrPad Roman focus be placed on any letter. Sometimes this means fields below and other in the section on Focus too many options are available users never use. Fields in this patent, plus other OrrPad layouts

herein, and other platforms, such as Qwerty, (1) FULLY ACCENTED ROMAN ORR PAD Azerty, Dextr, Frog Pad, ABC grids, etc. ^■v.....^. "E\ .. I - - .-'0' 7.. .· u "

Roman OrrPad Focus Fields:

N T z M

A B C D E A D c D E A B C D ~' N", T

F G I I I J F G 11 I J E F G II

K L N O L M N 0 I J K. L

P (2) ROMAN 5X6 ACCENTS & PUNCTUATED 2™

R S T M N O P Row

Q R S T P Q

U V X Y u V W X Y Q R S T

@A

Z z u V W X

Y z

' "B. -_F= /{( J )}\ +-P # V<V>^A

A F K P u A F P u A G M T

'G ^* ; K: Q? w».

B G L Q V B G L 0 V B U N ϋ

C II M R w C II M R w C I O V

D I N s X D I N S X D J P W - D' $ -H / 'L' . X

E J O T Y E J O T Yz E K Q X

z F L R Y M

S Z

~'N',

A QWERTY ACCENT ORR PAD IS THE QWERTY

layout with an accent access feature of OrrPad.

OrrPad Accent Access features may be placed (3) ROMAN 6X5 "ABCD-AEIOU CROSS" on any other platform, and is so claimed. . Ά · ,B C ^' -D'

Qwerty is not quite an international standard for /IT ' V "W,. X 'Z^'- Roman script. For example, the Azerty layout

for the Dutch language is used in Belgium, CON: The 6x5 is wider with 6 keys across. The while Qwerty, not Azerty, is used in Holland for 6x5 does not have finger assignments with a the Dutch language, just a step across the vertical mnemonic. All vowels are in one border. Plus, accent access is inconsistent on the column and its free 2^nd column (rather than row) 10x3. OrrPad offers one standard to serve all for piggied special letters or punctuation language variants to enable an international possibly burdening the index. No four "free" standard applicable to a one or two hand system. keys in the corner for thumb toggles.

PRO: Finger load is mostly on upper four rows. OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

OTHER ACCENTED ORRPAD FOCUS FIELDS used letter in the alphabet. The vertical is a better layout from that persepctive, as "E" in the far lower left corner on a pad in vertial

(4ab) A LL ACCENT ABC 5X6-6X5 SQUARE.

alphbetical order, with I and O distributed across The ABC Square 5x6-6x5 is claimed by OrrPad

the index and middle fingers.

in both horizontal or vertical alphabetical order.

The ABC layout has Z row or column can host

option keys dedicated to functions or

punctuation. The ABC Square claims the (5) ALL ACCENT ABC 5x6 SQUARE, LEFP Z repositioning on the letter Z to the right to free "A"... . B

the lower left four keys may be used, as a ;c D'

function keys accent or punctuation. F G\ H /V-.. J

(4a) ALL ACCENT A BC 5X6 SQUARE, DROP Z

/ ' L\ M ^■'Ν- , 'c

.--"Α^¾'· ... B ^' D'

P Q , S ,T

F 'G \ H .· "r... J /ir- ... V ^'w... X ...'Υ^'

,K / 'L\ M -^'Ν-, ~'Cf /.. 'z^'-

P Q R , 's.- PRO: (a) Claimed in this keypad is the layout in

5x6-6x5, and the accent and punctuation system,

/if -. ... V ^"w... X (b) Claimed is the use of the extra keys on the

'ζ^'- bottom row as shift, option, function, accent, or punctuation keys.

(4b) A LL ACCENT ABC 6x5 SQUARE, HIGH CON : The Z is in the critical position for the thumb. The thumb is too valuable a digit to

/' A^¾v. . F -P . ,-' if ·... z dedicate to the letter Z which is used in the

B English language only . 1 % of the time. The

'G\ / ' L\ Q V

natural position for the thumb is precisely where

;c -H M ' W... the Z is placed on this pad. Orr Pad suggests the

AEIOU cross navigation pad or the

- D' . .'N-. X repositioning of the letter Z to the right (or ' E\.. J ■■ Ύ piggybacking any letter) to free the all-important lower left for thumb use.

PRO: (a) It is a preferred embodiment option

when users want the familiarity of ABC in an

array without the four "free" keys in a corner, (6) ROMAN ALL ACCENT A BC 5x5 GRID

(b) The ABC Square 5x6 dedicates most keys of (PIGGY Z) and other horizontal ABC piggy the 6^lh row to function or punctuation, while the variations. Z use is less than 1 % of all strikes. 6x5 dedicates the 6^,h column to upper free keys . B

for punctuation, and lower keys possibly to ;c D'

functions, (c) On the 6x5, the letters most used F G\ -H . i J

are in a tiny 4x5 grid under one hand in vertical

alphabetical order. K / 'L\ M -'N-. - ~'Cf v.

CON: (a) This 5x5-6x5 does not have a clever P Q R\ 's,- mnemonic like like the AEIOU cross, (b) A /if -. ... v ^'w... X ...Ύ 'ζ possible disadvantage of the ABC horizontal

arrangement is the letter "E" with I and O are in

the far upper right corner on a pad in horizontal PRO: (a) The 5x5 piggy pad would be good as a alphabetical order, which is the least accessible Roman alternate when users want the familiarity as the pinkie finger is short. (The ring finger of ABC and a smaller 5x5 keypad is desired, (b) would be used). Yet, the letter "E" is the most The ABC piggy allows a full 6* row to be OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C dedicated to function, or punctuation, (c) It can (a) Imperfect AEIOU cross, (b) Not as easily be un-piggied by placing Z on the 6^lh row. mnemonic, but affords a comfortable reach. (d) Claimed is the layout plus use of 6 keys on

the 6^th (bottom) row for functions.

CON: (a) A disadvantage of this arrangement is (9) HORIZONTA L ROMAN A LL ACCENT A BC the letter "E" is in the far upper right corner, 4x7 G RI D: PRO: Vowels are almost grouped. which is the least accessible. Yet, "E" is the YZ on the right allows thumb toggling. YZ on most used letter in the alphabet, (b) The ABC the left allows better access to Y.

horizontal loses the mnemonic advantage of

t Ά - .. Β 'C - D'

vertical alphabetical order for finger

assignments, (d) This horizontal ABC does not ■Έ\. F G -H

allow a dedicated piggy special letter 2^nd row or .· '.Γ, J I ' .

column like an AEIOU cross pad. (e) The 5x5

does not work as well accomodating language M -'Ν· . O /.. P

character sets as a 5x6 or 6x5, which offers Q 'S T

more keys to accommodate other scripts.

... v ' w ... X

(7) ACCENTED ROMAN ORRPAD WITH opi i pi : ...v ^·■

PIGGIES: is suitable for those languages absent

letters of the Roman alphabet, such as Welsh Alternate: .. 'Y

etc. This 5x5 has three piggies on the 2^nd row. CON: TOO tall

"A":... , - 'E\. / ' I ... .- 'if -. (10) ANY and/or FANCIFUL: Any use of the benefits of the OrrPad platform system is

B F ^•P Q Vw claimed on any layout whatsoever. Plus, to avoid adoption of suboptimal layouts, any 5x6-6x5

'C \ G , / 'L\ R . X layout is claimed to benefit from the OrrPad platform. To avoid suboptimal layouts, even

- D- H M 'S- z FANCIFUL variations of an AEIOU is claimed such as:

^■'Ν·. T

... B

(8) VERTICAL ROMAN ALL ACCENT ABC 6x5

"DROP O": This claimed arrangement is a --D'

preferred embodiment.

.- "A"... M Q G ' -H I

D' -H P ,T X

„.'Y^V 'z -

Other scripts such as Cyrillic that also have

PRO: This excellent 6x5 arranges frequently accents are claimed using OrrPad accent logic. used letters (except Y) comfortably under finger

pads, not fingernails. In vertical alphabetical

order. Vowels AEIU and Y are in top row. O is

off-placed but visually still in alphabetical

AEIOU sequence. UVWXYZ in total are used

in only 8. 1 % of all keystrokes in English. (Y

only 1 .9%, Z less than 1 % of keystrokes.) CON: OrrPad - Part C Accent System -40+ Roman Languages PartC

MASTER LIST OF ACCENTS OF I UK ROMAN SCRIPT MASTER LIST ROMAN ACCENTS & SPECIAL LETTERS At least 14 accent diacritic marks modify 5 vowels

and 12 consonants in Roman alphabet languages: Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa Aa ^A¾ AEa:

VOWELS: Λ E I 0 υ BbCc ςς Cc Cc 0Φ c^' © Dd Dd^'Dd

1- ACUTE- { ' } A E ί ό ύ

2- GRAVE- { ' } Ee Ee Ee Ee Ee Ee Ee Ee ¾e€

A E 1 0 ϋ

3- CIRCUMFLEX- { ^Λ } A e ί ό ύ Ff fl/ Gg Gg GgGgGgHh Hh -H

4- UMLAUT- { ^" } A E I 0 ϋ

5- BOLLE- { ^* > A ϋ

6- SLASH- { / } 0 Ii ίί ΪΪ Ii ϊϊ li ϊϊ Ii Jj Kk J K^'K'

7- TILDE- { ^* } A Ϊ ό 0 Ll LI W Ll^'.n, t £ Mm Nn Nn Nn Np Nfi

8- HOOK- { A e ! y

9- DOT- { ^' } A E I ο· υ OO 0ό Οό 06 Οό 06 Οδ Οδ CEoe 0ø Ω

10- BAR- { - } A E I 0 υ

11- CEDILLA- { , } Ρρ.Ρ TtQqRr Rf Rr r ®Ss Ss SS^V 6 TtYTt^'

10- WEDGE- { - } E

12-DBLACUTE- {" } ό ϋ Uu ύύ ϋύ ϋύ t)u iu ύϋ ϋι yi¾

14- DIP- { " } A ό ϋ Vv Ww WW w W.. Xx

LIGATURE: JE (Ε

CONSONANTS: C D H .1 G K L NP S T WY Z YyYyYy¥ YYY Y^ZZZZ ZZ ZZZ^''

1 -ACUTE: { ' } C g LN R S - 1 BASIC ROMAN ACCENT MARK LIST:

2-GRAVE- { " } W Υ / .. Λ v

3-ClRCUMFLEX- { ^Λ } j W Ϋ c

4-CEDILLA- { _a } ς R 5

5-UMLAUT- { " } W Ϋ BASIC ACCENTS BY FREQUENCY OF USE

6-BOLLE- { ° } ·· Λ v

t Primary:

7-SLASH- { / }

8-TILDE- { ~ } N S Secondary: ' / _ ° " ~ ^W

9-HOOK- { _c } C ? τ

10-WEDGE: {^" } C D G R S Τ ζ f -

11-DOT: {'} C G L ζ Pin Yin Chinese Accents:

12-DBLACUTE: {"}

13-BAR- {-} DH -PETH T aaaa heeeee

14-DlP- {" } ύ

Article- u 1 1 1 1 O o o o o

REGIONAL ACCENT GROUPS for ROMAN SCRIPT

Latin Europe: (6) u u u u u u u uu

Acute: Circumflex: Cedilla: Tilde: Grave: Bar.

Accents may be organized for access

North Europe: (3) Umlaut: Bolle: Slash: Thorn: according to placement location such as upper- lower or vowel-consonant, etc., morphology ' / (shape), frequency of use, other custom, or

Slavic Europe: (5) according to the linguistic divisions of Latin,

Hook: Wedge: Dot: Double: Acute: Dip: Germanic or Slavic, etc. OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C

ACCENT ACCESS CLAIM: (2) Sequential Shift or Sequential

CLAIM : OrrPad claims a dedicated accent key Option: To reduce the number of keys on a struck after a target letter, to produce a rotation keyboard, and permit one-thumb typing on a of a queue of options on the application in use, small keyboard, the common shift key must be (or popup), or claiming a new use of holding made to be sequential, not simultaneous. This down the option key to reveal accents. Access is allow the shift to be struck in sequence to access by striking the number of times needed, after, or a capital letter rather than struck simultaneously. while depressing a letter. Secondly, if this is the case, the shift or option key may also be utilized to add accents and

A Dedicated Accent Opt Key of one or more special letters, especially if they are set in the of the four empty keys in the lower left hand Orr claimed Sequential Shift mode; whereby the corner of the layout, or another key. The user shift key is set to work in sequence to achieve a may then accent any letter simply by striking change of case. Instead of depressing a shift or the Accent Option key after striking the target option simultaneously with another key to letter. For example, Albanian only has one achieve change in case or an option, striking the accent for each of four letters A, E, C or K. If shift should be in sequence without holding both any of these letters is struck, followed by the keys simultaneously.

accent opt key, the accent for the target letter Additionally, accents may be found, if the shift would appear. If there are multiple accents for a or option key is held down for a critical time letter, the accent key may be struck until the duration, the accent or special character options correct accent appears, as variants rotate would appear as a queue for the previously through a queue cycle. If the target or accent typed letter, and be shown rotating through a key is held down, all accent choices are exposed queue if there are multiple options for that letter, for that letter. Adding accents after the target is until the desired variant appears. In order to the fastest most natural way to input accents, achieve one-handed operation, the user may and is especially useful for those languages that depress until releasing when the auto-queue have much accenting such as French, Dutch, presents the correct variant. Alternatively, the Hungarian, Italian or Pinyin. The four "free" user may hold the shift or option key down to keys in the lower left corner of the layout can launch the queue, and then begin to strike the easily be dedicated to individual accents, shift or option key as needed to rotate through punctuation or thumb keys. If there are a great the option queue one by one. Since most number of accents, they may be divided languages only have one or two accents for a morphologically across more accent opt keys. given letter, users would usually only need to For example: by shape, or upper versus lower double-click to find an accent after the queue is accents, or other means of division, etc. launched. In exceptional cases, four accents However, most languages only have one or two exist for letters. In the post-mechanical accents per letter, which means the four free typewriter era, there is no reason to hold down keys do not have to be fully dedicated to the shift key simultaneously to achieve a change accents. Another method of accent access such of case. Change of case can be done in sequence as Sequential Shift or Sequential Option, today since there is no need to physically raise described below. the typing cartridge manually as was necessary with the mechanical typewriter. If Sequential

Striking an accent key after the letter is faster Shift is adopted, then holding down the shift or and more natural, akin to handwriting, rather option key to queue through accent and special than holding down the letter to manually characters is possible. Accents or other special conjure and then select from a menu of choices, letters may also be queued with the target letter especially for people who must type accents all or punctuation option keys. For example, if the day in their language. However, an onscreen letter A is held down it will no longer type menu method may also be made available to multiples of that letter, but instead will launch a access accents on an OrrPad, especially to

menu queue, which the user may select; or after access accents not in the default language of the the queue is launched, the user may then begin user's device. OrrPad - Part C Accent System - 40+ Roman Languages Part C to rotate through the queue by striking the target Choices made available by the SEQUENTIAL letter, including the key-face variant until the SHIFT KEY or DEDICATED OPTION KEY is not correct choice is found. The letters may appear limited to accents. It can offer any character, as a menu on the screen, or better yet, may accent, punctuation mark etc, or mathematical appear on the document where the letter is being functions in alphabetical order that one chooses written, so the user can see what is being to program on that letter. This is a more offered and stop the queue of accent options satisfying alternative to the current "Insert, when the correct accent variant is in place on Symbol, Select" method currently found on MS the document. On a touchscreen, a letter may be Word. SEQUENTIAL SHIFT KEY Or DEDICATED depressed, and held until the finger slides onto OPTION KEYS may be placed on any device: the accent with one-hand. If using a Qwerty desktop, laptop computers, phones, etc using Orr keyboard for a laptop or desktop or tablet Pad layouts or Qwerty, Azerty or other keypads. keyboard, the user may depress the desired key

and then tap the option or shift key until the

queue rotates on the document to the desired

AN ACCENTED ROMAN ORRPAD CAN WRITE 80+ option, or the mouse may be used to select form LANGUAGES WITH ACCENTS OR SPECIAL LETTERS: a menu. If the OrrPad punctuation system is

adopted, a key dedicated to special letters, may EU ROPE: 1 -Albanian 2-Basque 3-Belarusian also provide a queue for the accents associated 4-Breton 5-Catalan 5-Cornish 6-Creole 7- with the last letter depressed. Plus, accent access Croatian 8-Czech 9-Danish 10-Dutch-Flemish- may be achieved by other methods, such as Afrikaans 1 1 -English 12-Esperanto 13-Estonian depressing for a menu. OrrPad accent methods 14-Finnish 15-French 16-German (accented) and can be adapted to Qwerty, or other layouts, and NewGerman (no umlaut or β) 17-Gaelic-Irish are so claimed. 18-Gaelic-Scottish 19-Hungarian 20-Icelandic- Faroese 21 -Georgian 22-Italian 23-Latin (ancient) 24-Latvian 25-Lithuanian 26-Maltese

ORR PAD ACCENT OR SYMBOL ACCESS 27-Manx 28-Norwegian 29-Polish 30-

METHOD- When the user strikes a letter Portuguese 31 -Romanian 32-Slovak 33-Slovene followed after the letter as by the OrrPad 34-Spanish 35-Swedish 36-Ukrainian 37-Welsh. Claimed DEDICATED ACCENT OPTION KEY, Plus: 38-Braille and 39-Morse Code.

accent choices become available for the selected AFRICA: 40-Afrikaans 41 -Kinyarwanda 42- letter. With each successive click of the Kirundi 43-Ndebele 44-Pedi 44-Sesotho 45- SEQUENTIAL SHIFT, or DEDICATED ACCENT siSwati 46-Somali 47-Soninke 48-Swahili 49- OPTION KEY, a queue of choices is rotated until Toucouleur 50-Tsonga 51 -Xhosa (Bantu) 52- the needed accent is found by appearing Zulu. MIDEAST: 53-Armenian (when written preferably on the document, or in a menu. using Roman script) 54-Azeri 55-Turkish.

AMERICA: 56-Aymara (Bolivia) 57-

If not by clicking multiple times: selection can Greenlandic 58-Navaho (USA) 59-Papiamento be achieved by clicking with the mouse, (Caribbean) 60-Quechua. ASIA: 61 -Balinese scrolling until stopped, and or a highlighting 62-Indonesian 63-Malay 64-Maldivian 65- method of selection from a list. The list of Pinyin (China) 66-Tagalog (Philippines) 67-Thai accents available may be the short list of those (also in Brahmi script) 68-Vietnamese. customarily placed on the selected letter to be OCEANA: 69-Trukese 70-Fijian 71-Ikiribati accented, or any accent whatsoever in a fixed or 72-Kosraean 73-Nauruan 74-Neo-melanesian custom order. Furthermore, the strike order (TokPisin) 75-Nukuoro 76-Palauan 77- may be programmed with the accent key Ponapean78-Trukese 79-Tuvaluan 80-Woleaian. preceding or following striking the letter to be

accented.

See Next Document OrrPad Punctuation - Scientific Calculator

MORPHOLOGICAL PUNCTUATION KEYS: 2. The COMMA KEY or CURVED KEY can host those punctuation marks that possess a curved shape, such

Claimed is the morphological organization of as: comma, semi-colon, apostrophe, quotation marks punctuation, which can be accessed by a system

and left and right parentheses; as well as those whereby marks are subdivided into morphological punctuation marks which have both a curved shape groupings to reduce the overall number of keys and other morphology such as the question mark needed to access marks.

which possesses a curve in addition to its dot shape.

PUNCTUATION HOSTED BY NUMBERS may be 3. LINE SHAPES represented by the DASH KEY can host matched to by morphological shape as much as is

those punctuation marks which are composed of possible. For example: 1 !, 2, 3 $, 4 <, 5 >, 6 %, 7 #, straight lines, such as the principally horizontal line 8 &, ( is hosted on 9 and O hosts the right ).

marks of: dash, underscore and equal signs.

If ONE key is provided, it opens a full panel with all Subdivisions of LINE SHAPES can be organized as: choices organized according to morphology and horizontal lines, vertical lines, right slanted lines and frequency of use.

left slanted lines.

Or, if two keys available: 4. SYMBOL: Symbols are represented on the face-key 1. DOT, 2. COMMA.

by the @ sign, since it is now used so frequently. And queued under the @ sign we would find other

Suggested morphological divisions for FOUR keys:

symbols such as: $, #, %, &, etc.

I . DOT. 2. COMMA. 3. SYMBOL 4. DASH.

Four Punctuation Keys on a MousekeyPad:

If there is only space for FIVE or SIX keys,

S

frequency of use trumps morphology. However, YMBOL, COMMA, DOT, DASH (or SLASH) morphology should be observed when possible:

5. SLASH: If there is no room for a dedicated 1. DOT 2. COMMA. 3. DASH. 4. SYMBOL and 5-6.

vertical line key then the dash key may also host the SLASH and/or QUESTION MARK. For example: DOT

hosts colon, comma and semicolon, DASH hosts marks with vertical lines such as: the plus sign, square brackets, and vertical line. The straight line underscore, SYMBOL hosts asterisk.

family of marks containing a slanted diagonal line can be found on the dash key or on its own key

Suggested morphological divisions of SEVEN or

dedicated to diagonal lines hosted by the SLASH KEY EIGHT keys would allow choosing according to

and include the right facing diagonal line marks of: frequency of use, which is not morphological, and

the right slash, hashed pound mark, as well as the left following morphology where possible after

facing diagonal line marks such as: the check mark, considering frequency of use.

left slash, left or right arrow, greater than or equal to 1. 1. DOT 2. COMMA. 3. DASH 4. SYMBOL 5. SLASH,

signs; or other mark containing a diagonal line can be 6. QUESTION, 7. BRACKETS 8. FOREIGN.

place logically in this queue. Most of these marks are

Any derivation of morphological punctuation rarely used; so, in a pinch for space, if there is only division is claimed. an allotment for one key hosting LINEAR punctuation marks then the DASH KEY could host the horizontal, the vertical and the slanted line marks. If there is

The minimum of two marks is hosted by each shape,

which are located preferably on adjacent keys, with room for an extra key then there can be a dedicated

SLASH KEY containing the slanted line punctuation the total expected number of punctuation marks

ranging from 16 - 60 to be determined by and or a VERTICAL KEY hosting the vertical line manufacturer or users. marks.

TAP ACCESS: The most used punctuation marks can be accessed with one to three taps, which feels rather

1. The DOT KEY can host those punctuation marks

like double-clicking, and it is not annoying. However, that contain dot shapes, such as: period, colon, semicolon, exclamation mark, asterisk and bullet; as well people do still need occasional access to a greater as curved shapes that also feature a dot shape such as range of lesser-used marks. Additionally, it is the question mark, which can also be queued on the claimed that the lesser-used families of marks can be CURVE key, as an example how, depending on the accessed via shift or alt keys to shorten the length of number of marks needed and key-faces available, the rotating queue. For example, if there is only space that there is flexibility to the system. for one DASH KEY for all line marks, the user could either tap through the queue of horizontal marks to eventually access the vertical marks later in the queue OrrPad Punctuation - Scient ific Calculator or the user could strike the shift (option, function or

alt key or other key chosen to be so programmed) to

skip the horizontal line marks and jump into the ORR PAD 'B ROW' PUNCTUATION ROW:

middle of the queue where the morphology changes

to vertical lines and thereby lessen the time taken to The most important punctuation ideally has dedicated tap through the queue. keys, such as described by the Morphological

Punctuation scheme or other method. Instead of

Numbers may be piggied on punctuation keys assigning the rarely used characters such as J / Δ π (perhaps on very tight keyboards) as punctuation is accessed via option key on the B Row (or column in more commonly used than numbers. A claim is made a horizontal AEIOU cross) the B Row can carry for punctuation as a first strike and numbers accessed many more useful characters. Since the number of via shift or opt keys. Qwerty features numbers as special marks is quite large, the "B" Row can assume first strike characters, I claim the alternative where the burden of a selection of rarely used punctuation punctuation is the primary strike with numbers and symbols; however, it can bear any and all piggied and accessed by striking a shift, option or alt punctuation if needed.

key. Alternatively, I claim the numbers be accessed

not by the shift key but by an alt or option or The B row begins with the letter B on the AEIOU dedicated number access key when numbers are cross OrrPad with a task of shouldering the B rated secondary strike characters piggied on other keys. marks and symbols.

I claim access to punctuation variants on a given key Since the accents in Roman alphabet languages do the method of the user striking the key through the not fall on the letters: B, F, J, P, V it is possible to queued marks until the desired punctuation choice assign that row to punctuation with use of accent or appears on the user's text. The user thus need not option keys. Additionally, the letters , M, Q and X look at the keys to hunt and peck for the desired do not have accents in Roman languages. The Orr mark, but rather the user could simply remember a Pad design can allow users to memorize the fact that few morphological shapes such as dot, dash, slash most punctuation options can be located on the and curve or other shape and then tap that key until second row under all of the vowels. It is to be noted the desired variant appeared in the user's text. that it is already the habit of users of qwerty to strike the shift key to access most punctuation options on

The user could keep eyes on the screen, not on the number keys. Rare exceptions may be accommodated keyboard; and by selecting and tapping the shape as in the Greek pi symbol n or the Icelandic -P option closest to the desired mark the user may locate any as well as % hosted on the letter P. Punctuation may punctuation mark desired. The typist can see the also be found, as is custom on dedicated keys, on morphological variants in the actual text rotate and numerals and as select options.

stop tapping when the desired mark appears.

The ' free' four-corner keys can handle punctuation or

Should the user type too quickly and skip over the punctuation may be dropped to the function keys on desired mark, the user may use the delete button to lower rows if the pad allows space for more rows. backspace to the desired mark or the user may

continue to tap through the rotating queue of choices See in first pad, that the OrrPad with All Roman on that key until the desired mark reappears again. If Accents leaves the 'B" row free for other work, while the user needs multiple of any one mark such as in the next pad, the B row, other keys are populated three dots to create an ellipse, the user need only with all marks of the standard Qwerty:

hold the key down to get multiple strikes of one

mark. If the user needs multiple strikes of a mark

deeper in the queue, for example in the third

position; the user merely taps three times and holds

the key down on the third tap to achieve multiple

strikes of the third position mark. Morphological

Punctuation queue keys can be on a dedicated

punctuation row or column or mixed anywhere the

manufacturer or user chooses punctuation to be

found.

I also claim below the dedicated B, F, J, P, V

punctuation row; or other row, column or block.

OrrPad Punctuation - Scientific Calculator

PUNCTUATION 'B' ROW: on a keyface of its own. In fact, if pinched for space, even just one ORR PAD SEQUENTIAL STRI KE

" @A" ' ! E V ■■ ' < >., -Ό· " .. OrnoiN K iev can control the striking of all accents and any clustered punctuation.

' "Β·*@ ._F= /{( J

The difference between an Orr Pad sequential strike

, c - G ; : Q? ^* w-.. shift or option key and the simultaneous strike shift f and option keys of current pads is that they are

-"D' S -H R" , X generally employed in manner; whereby shift keys and selected keys are stuck simultaneously allowing

^•

M 'S for only one alternative choice. However, with an Orr

Pad sequential strike option key, one may click the

~'N\ option key numerous times until the desired choice is

• . . .. selected. The cluster host may be struck first followed by the Orr Pad sequential strike option key

' making greater use of the "B" Row or vice versa, whereby the Orr Pad sequential strike punctuation users do not need to rely on number option key is struck followed by the cluster host. The shifts for punctuation can can reserve numbers for punctuation options may be displayed on the host numerical, phone and calculator use. The most keys or shown on the LCD, or other screen.

commonly used punctuation such as period (dot),

comma, apostrophe, slash, dash and question mark M ATH EMATICAL FUNCTIONS can be found using Orr are ideally on dedicated keys. The row below or Pad host clustering. For example sine or square root above the letters may be so assigned or the four is to be found clustered with the letter "S", etc. Math corner keys and the option keys then would be function option key(s) may be dedicated or any Orr assigned below the four left-corner keys. In principle Pad sequential option key used for accents or any punctuation can be assigned to any letter, such as punctuation will allow access to mathematical a vertical bar hosted on the letter "i". functions. Alternatively, a display scroll method may Mnemonics should be used if possible, such as J be the tool to select mathematical functions.

hosting the "jacket" brackets /{( J )}\ . B can host Roman Punctuation examples, but not limited to: ball shapes: ' "Β·*. F can host flat entities like -_F =

P can host plus, percentage, poundsign, pi and other : ; ?i I " " " < > / | \ ( ) { } I I mathematical shapes starting with the ltter P: +- @·*% V # & _- +- · ÷=≠< > <>±

P%#n:. While V can host: V<V>^A wich are all shaped

like V. Brackets could be assigned to the letter "b" $ €£ ®©™33 Voo §1| c> 7r /nfl using the OUR PAD ALPHABETICAL HOST LOGIC

versus Morphological logic, or the exclamation mark Punctuation may remain on numerals as customary. on "e". Or 'b' for ball shapes like bullets or brackets Example below. However, Orr Pad suggests a and "a" can alpha-logically host @. Alternatively, preference be given to leave the numeral keys free of using the Orr Pad alpha neighbor rule, @ may be punctuation to allow them to be occupied with phone found just below "a" to also adhere to the 2^nd row and calculator tasks exclusively, if possible.

punctuation default rule. The # sign can be found on 1 ! 2@ 3# 4$ 5%

"p" or, as is custom, found with the phone number 6^Λ 7& 8* 9( 0) keys. All of the usual punctuation found clustered

under the Qwerty keys can remain the same, but a

better keypad would employ OrrPad mnemonics for

an improved new use version. A claim is made for

the assignment of punctuation to letters to the 2^nd

row (or 2^nd column in a horizontal AEIOU cross

OrrPad) and for assigning punctuation according to

alphabetical order and shape, and letters not

customary to other pads such as Qwerty.

Additionally, punctuation may still be found on the

numbers as in qwerty, etc. However, making use of

the Orr Pad 2^nd Row Punctuation innovation allows

ample room for many punctuation options. The 2^nJ

Row, with 5 keys, and one punctuation option key,

can scroll a few options per key in a queue, to

accommodate secondary lesser-used punctuation not OrrPad Punctuation - Scientific Calculator

ORR PAD SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR: The Orr have been given in other arenas as symbols of calculator can have any of the options of a universality may be used for more "universal" business or scientific calculator; but unlike other general functions such as +- and sci. An calculators, the Orr calculator features the example of a shape mnemonic is as follows: Q following aids; all of which are helpful to the bears a visual resemblance to Θ and % are thus disabled in locating keys, as an underlying located clustered with Q.

system of logic is given.

16.2. Scientific & Business Functions given

16.1 Alphabetical Function Location- here are examples of how to apply the Orr Functions are listed as logically as possible with method of combining an alphanumeric keypad the first way being to look under the letter with a calculator and the Orr method of function heading of the function according to location. However, functions are not just alphabetical order. The name of the function can restricted to the functions given in these be matched to the letter of the key face. This examples. Any other function is claimed when feature makes it substantially easier to find employing the Orr method. Other functions functions. For example, "exponent" is found deemed necessary by a user or manufacturer under the letter key E. "Cosine" is found under may be incorporated into a keypad by the Orr C. "Radians" is found under R. "Tangent" under method.

T and so forth. Any function or symbol needed

on a calculator can be organized in the Orr 16.2.2. Orr Calculator Specialized Layers alpha-proximate locator system. may be changed with an option key; in the same way we change language character sets in order

16.1 .1 Piggybacking of Functions- If and when to access the specialized calculators such as: the target alphabetical order key already has an everyman calculator, tax, stock-market, loan, occupant function, secondary and additional investment, actuary or other business functions under that same letter may be calculators, a real estate calculator, engineering piggybacked and found with shift or option calculator, a graphing calculator, astronomical keys. Symbols for functions found by using calculator, etc. Additional functions may be shift and option keys may be shown on the face substituted, custom-programmed, or added by of the keys in the corner or may just be seen shifting and/or adding another change of after striking the shift or option character/function layer.

16.1.2 Proximal Alphabetical Location of 16.3 The Alphanumeric Typing Calculator. Functions- In addition to, or alternatively; The idea of placing a scientific or business functions may be located on adjacent keys calculator on top on an alphanumeric keypad laterally or diagonally in keeping with an also provides for a keypad with which to type approximate alphabetical order; so that text. The Orr Scientific Calculator can type text functions are clustered adjacently in the of any usual purpose, and for accounting may environs of the alphabetical target. In the type text headings, to identify a list of accounted example below, D is already occupied by items or more fully describe a mathematical "decimal"; so an additional function, "degree", problem.

was located diagonally adjacently under G.

This way, users can find most functions by 16.3.1 Word Problems- The Orr Pad also looking for them alphabetically and then enables the technology to read, write, understand shifting or looking on adjacent keys. and solve word problems, such as "What is 5% of 100?" just by typing in the text of the

16.1.3 Shape & Concept Location of question, or with voice recognition, asking the Functions- In addition to looking in question verbally. The Orr alphanumeric alphabetical order, including an alpha-proximate keypad claims these features. Can be compatible adjacent key search, and option or shift keys; with existing word problem software such as the next locator mnemonics are ideas, shape or Math Cad.

sound, etc. For example, letters O and U; which OrrPad Punctuation - Scientific Calculator

16.4 Languages- As English, Roman and Greek that degree is now located under J because it is Letters are the current standards in the scientific adjacent diagonally to D in this specific layout community, the keypad complies with that in keeping with approximate order.

standard. The Orr methods may also be adapted

to other languages and are similarly so clamed. Example:16.6.3a Math functions on QWERTY: Any language keypad can be made to have an Q% Wl/X Exp Rad Tan Y-SD U-Sci Inv 0+/-Pi Π Orr scientific calculator and may be may be Ave Sine Dec Frac G-Deg Hyp J -LogN Log applied to other language keypads.

Zx^z Xx^Ay Cos VVX Bin NNI Mod

16.5 The Calculator Option- The Orr Example: 16.6.3b Scientific Calculator on

Scientific Calculator may be an option for any an ABC Drop Z pad

keypad. Selected by option keys or menus,

similar to changing a language. Additionally, a

computer can have a pop-up on-screen Orr

calculator window that may be clicked on and

off as needed.

Sine angent

16.6 Orr Calculator Examples: In these Wx Wi/x Xx^y

diagrams, markings seen as: "O" are placeholders for additional function keys

Example: 16.6.4a Horizontal

Orr Alpha-Numeric Scientific Calculator:

Example: 16.6.1

Average Exponent Inverse 0+/- USci Avg Exp Inv 0+/- U

Binary f raction J Pi n VVx Bin Frac J Pi π Wx 7 8 9 ÷

Cosine GDegree KLogNat Q% W '/x

Cos GlJeg KLNQ% W'/X 4 5 6 x

Decimal Hyperbolic Log Radian x_xy

Modulo

YSD 1 2 3 -

NN! Tangent Zx^z o o Mod Sine YSD • 0 - +

Example: 16.6.2

Orr Pad Scientific Calculator with Greek symbols: 0 o NNI Tan ZX^Z o o 0 0 li ^ΩΠ+/-

Example: 16.6.4b Vertical

Pi n VVx Orr Alpha-Numeric Scientific Calculator:

Average xponent Inverse o+/- USci

Binary F raciion J Pi n Wx

^EXx^y Cosine GDegree KLog at Q% W '/x

∑_ς ψ_ν Decimal Hyperbolic Log Rad

MeniR MemC

Modulo VSine YSD

¾x^z

em- Mem+ NN! Fangenl Zx^z

16.6.3 Orr Calculator on Standard O 7 8 . 9 o

QWERTY, AZERTY & ABC or other pads The

0

Orr calculator may be placed on any keypad. 4 5 6 0 Examples: any ABC grid or the standard o 1 2 3 0 QWERTY are shown below. A claim is made if

functions are indicated by the letter alphabetical o 0 O order as a means of locating functions. Notice OrrPad Punctuation - Scientific Calculator

MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS can be found Because Orr Pad introduces a common way to using Orr Pad host clustering. For example sine organize letters and functions, scientific symbols or square root is to be found clustered with the may be accessed as selectable text options found letter "S", etc. Math function option key(s) may under each letter; accessed by the Sequential be dedicated or any Orr Pad sequential option Shift, a Dedicated Accent or math function key. key used for accents or punctuation will allow Additionally, when calculations are desired, one access to mathematical functions. Alternatively, may access scientific functions in calculator a display scroll method may be the tool to select mode and punctuation or accents when in text mathematical functions. mode.

SAMPLE TWO-HAND ALPHABETICAL SCIENTIFIC TYPING CALCULATORS

O 0 o o TAB SPACE-BAR ENTER DELETE

o o o o ?

Mem- Mem+ emR MeniC /V verage Γ-vxponertl I nverse 0+/- Usci

g φ φ

7 8 9 ^PBinary Fraction J %Pi Π VVx

Y K ø

4 5 6 \_osine '/x

1 2 3 Decimal

0 + Modulo Sine. Sq Y

o o o o N N! ^TTangem ^Ζχ^Ζ

CE o ENTER 4

o o 0 0 ACC TAB SPACE-BAR DELETE

MemR MemC Mem- Mem+ Avg ^Binary Cosine ^Decimal - @

7 8 9 "Exp Frac ^GDeg ^Hyp . ,

4 5 6 X I nverse ^ΦΙ ^KKlogNa, ^Log ^Modulo N

1 2 3 - ^Ωο₊/- Pi Π ⁹Q% Radian^∑SqRoot ^TTan

• 0 — υ

+ Usci Wx W '/x ^ΞΧ^ Υ₅₀ ^ζΖχ^ζ

CE O ENTER SHIFT CTRL ALT 4 ARROW KEYS

Claims

CLAIMS this keyboard are claimed for that device, plus there are devices made possible by OrrPad. Plus, there are other OrrPad innovations, such as

The new use of the 5x6-6x5 grid as the

Morphological Punctuation, Sequential Shift, nucleus of a global keyboard platform and

post letter Accent Access, specific device method, to solve the need of a one-hand

combinations, that are actually stand alone and keyboard as a general purpose writing tool, as an

are not required as part of the "platform" and alternative or supplement to the current standard

need to be kept separate in the claims.

10x3 grid global keyboard platform, which with

its wide form-factor cannot offer best-mode one-

The platform claim is any 5x6-6x5 layout when hand use. There are a number of 5x6 or 6x5

combined with function keys sufficient to layouts in the prior art but none could enjoy

control a PC.

adoption by the computer industry absent a

sufficiently developed system to prove the new

Attributes of a 5x6-6x5 global keyboard form factor and its applicability to all languages.

platform are:

The platform is comprised of the following

A System of Layouts of the world's writing classes of attributes below, from which

systems on the 5x6-6x5 grid sufficient to serve combinations of elements of the attributes may

the majority of the world's population, be variably selected, and or its methods or

including:

teaching modules applied on a keyboard

embodied for a given device, application, geo-

ROMAN, GREEK AND CYRILLIC:

linguistic market or purpose; as it is unlikely or

A novel use of the AEIOU-consonant cross of only rarely that the entirety of all attributes of

the Roman (Latin) alphabet on a 5x6 grid, and a the global keyboard platform be embodied at

novel or new-use of the AEIOU-consonant cross once.

on a 6x5 grid as the nucleus for a global keyboard platform.

Global keyboard Platform Claim Summary:

Claimed are novel mnemonic layout

I teach how to achieve a global keyboard

arrangement with the cross position of platform with the 5x6-6x5 grid as host to replace

consonants at the incident of vowels in or supplement the current 10x3 standard, which

alphabetical order. The AEIOU-consonant cross is also a global keyboard platform, because the

is claimed as a new-use of this technique to proposed 5x6-6x5 platform offers improved

serve as a global keyboard platform for the one-hand use, not possible on the too-wide

writing systems of Roman (Latin), Greek, 10x3, and thus the proposed new platform offers

Cyrillic and their derivative languages, and so the opportunity to invent new devices hampered

claimed. Some layouts may have piggybacked by the 10x3.

letters and or near alphabetical order. Also claimed is a calculator that offers Greek letters

The new platform must be the 5x6-6x5 nucleus,

on a Roman layout to provide a writing tool as convert the major writing systems into a system

part of the calculator, and also organize of layout arrangements (ideally mnemonic),

mathematical functions alphabetically in Roman offer accent and punctuation access, and resolve

order, with Greek letters hosted on the Roman the idiosyncrasies of specific languages as they

letters for scientific use.

are rolled out. Furthermore, it must offer

function modifier keys chords to control a PC or

CHINESE: of the Chinese OrrPad include a new- other devices or applications, as needed; but not

use of Chinese Canjie, Wubi, and Stroke necessarily for all applications or devices, so it

methods by conversion to the 5x6-6x5 global must be flexible. The prior art using a 5x6-6x5

keyboard platform.

grid does not show function keys sufficient to

control a PC. Additionally, specific devices with JAPANESE: claims a new-use of the AEUIO when required by users, or when a two-handed Syllabic Order on the 5x6-6x5 global keyboard embodiment is needed, in: 5x7, 5x8, 5x9, 6x5, platform, syllabic system is converted in new 6x6, 6x7, 6x8. Key inventive steps are the same and familiar ways to the 5x6-6x5 platform with on expanded embodiments as on the 5x6-6x5 options for smaller and expanded keyboards. layouts.

Covered is Hiragana, Katakana and Romaji.

(The 2500 Chinese character used in Japan is SEMITIC writing systems including and Hebrew, accessed using a Chinese OrrPad method.) The and Arabic script languages and their derivative Japanese OrrPad offers expanded versions of languages are claimed when organized on a 5x5, their 5x6-6x5 embodiments in 5x8, 8x5 and 5x9, 5x6 or 6x5 keyboard platform and or by using provided as a necessary part of the system, the OrrPad method and techniques.

where the 5x6-6x5 organizational logic is the

same, but users will require that the keyboard In addition to the conversion of the world's platform offer a layout version allowing more writing systems to a common platform using syllables to have their own dedicated key face, numerous claimed techniques as a method, also or as a two-handed version. claimed are methods of organizing other keys essential to writing purposes and operation of

KOREAN: layouts are claimed by OrrPad using a devices.

technique of block positioning on a 5x5, 5x6 or

6x5 grid. Other Keys necessary for a writing tool and input or control of a device, including: Accent

BRAHMI writing systems and their derivative access, punctuation production, and function scripts and languages are converted to compact keys:

mnemonic layouts claiming a new-use of the

places of articulation to fit on a global keyboard (i) Accent Access methods of OrrPad.

platform.

(ii) Punctuation methods of OrrPad.

The first inventive step of the Brahmi OrrPad

method is to map the five places of articulation (iii) Function keys, sufficient to the purpose, of the Brahmi consonants (1 -Guttural, 2-Palatal, and arranged in accessible function modifier 3-Cerebral, 4-Dental, and 5-Labial) to five rows chords needed for writing purposes or to control or columns in several mnemonic patterns, which a PC or other device.

is not possible on the 10x3 Qwerty platform.

Each consonant shift is in familiar pairs. Primary Teaching Modules convey an understanding of vowels are laid according to a combination of the world's writing systems, their demographics order and morphology with variants of each and construction to serve the OrrPad methods shape accessed by construction with a diacritic for creating keyboards for a new global shift and diacritic keys, which can also be keyboard platform. The science of motor-skill morphologically organized. and tool use, methods of making mnemonic layouts, and geo-linguistic background is

The 5x5 diacritic 6^th is a construction method provided to teach how to add to the platform so which allows composition of characters by half that new languages, devices and purposes can be letters and a diacritic 6⁴ row or column, which served.

may be placed furthermost or adjacently to

vowels. NEW DEVICES enabled by OrrPad are described within and are also claimed.

The Brahmi OrrPad must offer expanded

versions of their 5x6-6x5 embodiments, METHOD AND TECHNIQUES of OrrPad are also provided as an essential option for users of the claimed to create a global keyboard platform. system, so that when the 5x6-6x5 is expanded This platform was hitherto unrecognized, even more syllables have their own dedicated keyface though parts of it are in the prior art, but not combined as a whole sufficient for utility as a global platform that can be adopted on a wide scale basis, until now.

OrrPad Applications: MousekeyPad, MousekeyDrive, OnePad, Phones, Disabilities, Accessibility- Part D 1 Musical Instrument, Hospitals, Military, Calc, Direct 411/911, Spacepad, Sample Scripts.

i CLAIM- OHM PAD SPECIAL APPLICATIONS of the 2a. OrrPad enabled Desktop Mousekeypad: OrrPad system including but not limited to:

2b. MousekeyPad or MousekeyDrive:

L The OrrPad system and/or any keypad or

feature is claimed on any modality be it device, A combinaiton MousekeyPad on a hard-drive. mouse, phone, computer, handheld, tablet, vehicle,

display, cloud, or kiosk, as hardware or software. 2c. An iPhoiie enabled as a Mousekeypad or:

3. MousekeyDrive: The camera can serve as

2, The MousekeyPad is a claimed invention of infrared or laser source.

Orrpad: which is a combination one hand keypad

and mouse. The MousekeyPad is claimed for any The two units are combined into one single- alphanumeric layout placed on a mouse, preferably handed unit to enable one-handed mouse-use and one handed. Non-OrrPad layouts also claimed. typing. The Mousekeypad was originally intended

The user may place the MousekeyPad on a desk to mostly for desktop use to eliminate the back-and- type and mouse with the same unit under one forth from the keyboard to separate mouse. It can hand. MousekeyPads may also be used hand-held also be integrated onto any device, laptop, PC, (one or two handed), operated remotely, or on a touchscreen or handheld.

touchscreen, or Internet. A phone may be turned

into a mouse-keypad. The MOUSEKEYPAD is an independent claim of the

Orr Pad keypad system for a combination mouse

The mouse can be a classic rolling or infrared with (any style) keypad.

mouse, or alternatively a top mounted ball or

toggle mouse, or any other mouse technology.

3. MousekeyDrive is claimed as a combination

The claim in this patent is the new use

keypad-and-mouse-in-one-hand combined with a combination of the pairing of a small (preferably

portable bootable hard drive other storage media. one handed capable) keypad on the top face of a

The MousekeyDrive has a keypad and mouse on a mouse, small phone, music-player (e.g. iPod or

hard drive allowing users to take their data and Zune, etc.) PDA, (e.g. Blackberry, Palm) TV

applications on the road and just plug into a remote control, calculator or other small device to monitor to view their personal hard drive. The allow the user to use the device to type and mouse

MousekeyDrive allows users to retain all contents with one unit under one hand. Thus, users can use

of their hard-drive on this device, which also can their mouse-keypad-enabled phone, PDA, mouse,

serve as mousekeypad, to access the contents, by etc. to communicate with another computer.

interacting with a monitor, TV or a PC as a monitor only, without for security and portability.

A mouse-keypad can be omnimode meaning it

It can or need not have a phone.

may be one or more of the following: (1)

handheld, (2) employed by one or two hands, (3)

3a. MousekeyDrive or MousekeyPad:

wearable or carry-able, (4) placed on a desk, a lap,

or other generally horizontal surface, (5) mounted

on a wall or other vertically inclined surface (6)

mounted in a vehicle (7) mounted on or in an

information or registration center, kiosk, computer,

ATM, phone, or other information or 4. OnePad: is a keypad, mouse and hard-drive communication device. with a viewing monitor. It may include a phone, music player, camera, web browser and bootable

The keypad layout of a mousekeypad can be PC hard-drive (or next generation "drive"). This Qwerty or other design. However, the 5 key across unit allows individuals to carry everything with OrrPad layouts with vertical channeling of them: including their own hard drive, to just alphabetical order are best mode for the communicated with a monitor for full sized views, mousekeypad as it provides maximum omnimode or use as a mini hand-held computer with its small operation and mnemonic advantages to the user. built-in monitor when on the road. As the OrrPad layout was designed for the blind, typing can be

The MOUSEKEYPAD was a solution to the problem one handed or one thumb; with practice, without of juggling a two handed keyboard as well as an looking at the keys. The Orr Pad layouts enable independent mouse; a set-up that really requires a One Pad because of its motor-memory friendly 1 three hands; as users must type then change units or 2 hand multi-language design. However, a to the independent mouse: back and forth, back claim is made for any keypad layout placed on a and forth. Mouse or hard drive to create a One Pad.