WO2014145282A1 - Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant - Google Patents
Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014145282A1 WO2014145282A1 PCT/US2014/030016 US2014030016W WO2014145282A1 WO 2014145282 A1 WO2014145282 A1 WO 2014145282A1 US 2014030016 W US2014030016 W US 2014030016W WO 2014145282 A1 WO2014145282 A1 WO 2014145282A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sewage water
- treatment system
- coupled
- portable
- sludge
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002879 macerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical class ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 58
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- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
- C02F2201/007—Modular design
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/26—H2S
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2301/026—Spiral, helicoidal, radial
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to municipal sewage treatment facilities and methods , and particularly to a sewage plant adapted for short-term service at temporary locations to mitigate interim short-falls of sewage treatment capacity. More particularly, this invention relates to a portable, unitary, non-biological sewage treatment system adapted to be moved without disassembly on national and state highways between temporary sites, and the apparatus and methods employed to make such sewage treatment facilities portable.
- the majority of wastewater treatment plants in use today for treatment of municipal sewage are of the biological type.
- a mobile sewage treatment and water reclamation system for rapid deployment to augment existing wastewater systems and/or provide interim service in lieu of permanent facilities includes: (a) a denaturing stage wherein raw sewage is first ground into suspendable grit, its pH first lowered to kill acid- sensitive bio-organisms, then raised to kill base-sensitive bio-organisms, and then neutralized; (b) a clarifying stage employing an inverted-cone tank to circulate the solution after injection with chemicals to flocculate small particles for collection in a layer for siphoning off; and (c) a disposal stage wherein clarified water passes through media filters to remove remaining solids and odors, the effluent water being clean enough for irrigation, aquatic life and discharge into waterways; and wherein sterile sludge is pressed into semi-dry solids, then
- Figure 1 shows a schematic of the wastewater treatment system of the present invention.
- Figures 2 details the reaction vessel of the wastewater treatment system of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 shows a bottom plan view of the reaction vessel of Figure 2.
- Figures 4A - 4B depict perspective and front elevational views, respectively, of the reaction vessel of Figure 2.
- Figures 5A - 7 details alternate embodiments of the header shown in Figure 4A.
- Figures 8A - 8B show a physical layout of a portable version of the wastewater treatment system of Figure 1.
- Figure 9 depicts elevated side perspective view the reactor vessel trailer of the wastewater treatment system of Figures 1 and 8B.
- Figure 10 shows the pretreatment vessel trailer of the treatment system of Figure 1.
- Figures 11A - 11H depict displays for the control module for the system of Figure 1.
- the portable wastewater treatment system of the present invention comprises both method and apparatus adapted to provide a portable, unitary, rapidly deployable system on two trailers which can be set up for providing sewage and wastewater treatment on a temporary or permanent basis.
- the system first will be discussed as a method, or process, and then a discussion follows of the physical layout which enables quick deployment and mobility.
- the method employed by the present invention comprises chemically treating wastewater first with an acid such as sulfur dioxide (S0 2 ), and then with an alkaline such as lime (calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), to disinfect the liquid and solids of both high and low pH tolerant organisms, then neutralizing the pH of the resulting fluid and processing it to precipitate and separate solids from liquid water, both of which then can be returned to the environment.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the process.
- Raw wastewater is introduced into the system via conduit 1 where it enters a macerating stage, represented in Figure 1 by macerating pump 20, which reduces suspended solids in the wastewater to a size range of 30- 200 microns.
- separate pretreatment stage 130 buffers influent wastewater flow and feeds it steadily into the treatment system at conduit 1.
- Pretreatment stage 130 includes screens (not shown) for straining out large, solid objects and a macerating system 20A that reduces remaining solids to the ranges specified above.
- screens not shown
- a macerating system 20A that reduces remaining solids to the ranges specified above.
- Pretreated wastewater flows into the system through check valve 22 and proceeds directly into influent surge tank 7, where it is partially disinfected. Just upstream of influent surge tank 7, the wastewater is injected with a acid such as sulfur dioxide (S0 2 ) which lowers its pH to kill acid-intolerant microorganisms.
- S0 2 sulfur dioxide
- the acid is injected in an amount sufficient to reduce the pH of the wastewater to between 2 and 2.5, resulting in a residual sulfur dioxide content of at least 20 ppm up to 100 ppm, preferably around 75 ppm.
- inorganic acids such as compounds of bromine and chlorine, halogen compounds, chloramines and ozone can serve the purpose of lowering the pH of influent wastewater.
- the wastewater can be treated with ultraviolet light equipment, though UV disinfecting with current technology is quite expensive. Sulphur dioxide thus is preferred, because it is plentiful, inexpensive, comparatively safe to handle, non-carcinogenic and easily can be provided in a variety of ways, depending upon the preference of operators of the system.
- Acid injection system is injected in an amount sufficient to reduce the pH of the wastewater to between 2 and 2.5, resulting in a residual sulfur dioxide content of at least 20 ppm up to 100 ppm, preferably around 75 ppm.
- Liquid sulfurous acid when mixed with water, ionizes into sulfur dioxide and water.
- a preferred embodiment of the acid injection system would include on-board storage tank 50 containing liquid sulfurous acid which, when fed by chemical forwarding pump 52 through feed conduits 15, ISA, 15B, is injected directly into the stream of wastewater both upstream (through chemical feed valve 54) and downstream (through chemical feed valve 55) of influent surge tank 7. This arrangement allows an operator (not shown) to select a desired sulfur dioxide injection point based on system operation and the nature of the influent wastewater.
- An alternate embodiment for the sulfur dioxide injection system comprises using gaseous sulfur dioxide in commercial cylinders.
- sulfur dioxide injection system comprises a sulfur dioxide generator (not shown) installed downstream of influent check valve 22, so that the influent wastewater flows through a chamber in the presence of burning sulfur and oxygen, thereby absorbing the necessary sulfur dioxide produced in the combustion process.
- chemical storage tank 50, chemical storage tank valve 51, chemical feed pump 52, chemical feed valve 53, chemical feed conduits 15, 15A, 15B and chemical feed valves 54, 55 could be eliminated.
- the alkaline injection system comprises alkaline storage tank 61 from which alkaline forwarding pump 63 feeds the chemical through alkaline feed conduit 17 to the alkaline injection point just downstream of branch pont 2A.
- the alkaline solution is a strong hydroxide compound such as lime (calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide ( OH), depending on the wastewater to be treated.
- lime calcium hydroxide
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- OH potassium hydroxide
- the flocculent injection system comprises flocculent storage tank 56 from which flocculent forwarding pump 58 feeds the chemical through flocculent conduit 16 to the injection point into the wastewater stream just upstream of static mixer 27.
- flocculent storage tank 56 from which flocculent forwarding pump 58 feeds the chemical through flocculent conduit 16 to the injection point into the wastewater stream just upstream of static mixer 27.
- flocculent forwarding pump 58 feeds the chemical through flocculent conduit 16 to the injection point into the wastewater stream just upstream of static mixer 27.
- Different wastewater compositions require different flocculent treatments.
- Municipal waste though surprisingly consistent, even including septic systems such as portable toilets which contain high concentrations of biocides, is high in organic compounds and
- Agricultural waste also can be high in bio-organisms but also includes high concentrations of nitrates and nitrites from fertilizer runoff.
- Industrial waste can vary radically, but often contains both bioorganisms and nitrates. All three may require different flocculent compounds.
- the flocculent is a liquid, iron-based, inorganic chemical such as ferric chloride (FeCL), ferrous sulfate (FeS0 4 ) or aluminum sulfate (A1S0 4 ), depending on the wastewater being treated.
- FeCL ferric chloride
- FeS0 4 ferrous sulfate
- A1S0 4 aluminum sulfate
- a polymer injection system comprises polymer storage tank 66 from which polymer forwarding pump 68 feeds the chemical through polymer feed conduit 18 to be injected into the wastewater stream immediately upstream of static mixer 27. Differing types of influent wastewater may require use of different types of polymers. The correct polymer for each application is determined by testing the influent wastewater.
- Some polymers that may be used with the system include, but are not limited to: CAT FLOC, CAT FLOC+HI, CAT FLOC+LO, CAT CO HI, AN FLOC HI, AN FLOC MED, and AN CO. All are manufactured and distributed by PFP Technology of Houston, Texas. Static Mixer
- Static mixer 27 comprises a small, one (1 ft.) foot diameter tank for mixing the chemicals injected into the wastewater just upstream thereof.
- a static device it is preferable to blenders and impellers which may clog and break down over time.
- the device buffers and creates turbulence in the wastewater flow, causing the injected chemicals to become thoroughly mixed.
- Static mixer 27 contains no moving parts, and accomplishes the mixing by directing the flow tangentially into and out of a small tank. The tangential entry and exit causes the solution to move in a circular motion inside the small tank, thereby causing the necessary turbulence for mixing.
- the wastewater then exits static mixer 27, and proceeds via clarifier feed conduit 4 to reaction vessel 28, where solids are removed. Solids precipitation and removal
- clarifier, or reaction vessel, 28 comprises an inverted, cone-shaped chamber having a cylindrical top section where disinfected liquid water accumulates awaiting filtering. Wastewater enters at reaction vessel 28's lowest point 82 ( Figures 2 - 3) and flows radially upwards in a swirling, rotating path to exit through header 85 disposed at the top of the cylindrical tank portion of reaction vessel 28. The significance of this flow pattern is discussed in more detail herein below.
- Reaction vessel 28 is designed so that wastewater enters reaction vessel 28 on a tangent at the bottom through injection port 82. This causes the wastewater to flow in a circular motion (counter-clockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere) while rising upwards through the vessel.
- Cone-shaped lower portion of reaction vessel 28 has walls that slope on an angle no greater than 29 degrees from vertical. At such slope, clumps of flocculated, suspended solid materials are prevented by gravity from sticking to the interior faces of reaction vessel 28. This aids in the settling of the solids, and results in a floating blanket of sludge (not shown) disposed in the lower third of reaction vessel 28. This blanket of sludge is maintained at a thickness of three to four feet by periodically removing sludge from reaction vessel 28 through sludge exit valve 41 and sludge conduit 12 to sludge storage tank 42.
- the sludge processing system is described in more detail below. Headers
- header means for siphoning off the disinfected and de-flocculated wastewater directs it toward finishing filters 35, 36.
- the header means allows sufficient fluid to pass out of clarifier 28 so that there is no pressure differential created.
- the header means allows for collection of the liquid across the entire upper surface of reaction vessel 28, thereby promoting smooth, laminar flow toward filters 35, 36, which are discussed in more detail below.
- the header means comprises header 85 depicted in Figure 4A. Header 85 is a tree-like, lateral structure having a central manifold 86 with parallel collector arms 87 disposed parallel to and spanning the water's surface in the top of reaction vessel 28. See Figures 5A - 5C.
- header 85 for the header means include hub radial design 185 ( Figures 6A - 6B) and upper collector design 285 ( Figure 7).
- hub radial design 185 Figures 6A - 6B
- upper collector design 285 Figure 7
- One having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that all variations of header design are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- the disinfected wastewater exits reaction vessel 28 through water conduit 5 and proceeds to stilling well 30.
- Stilling well 30 comprises a simple, columnar accumulator that reduces turbulence and flow, thereby allowing additional time for any remaining, minute, unsettled particles to settle out of suspension.
- the wastewater then exits stilling well 30 via conduits 6, 7A where it is re-pressurized by pressurizing pump 33 to a conduit pressure of between 40 and 60 PSI (pounds per square inch). Finishing filtering
- depth filter 35 a conventional multi-media filter utilizing filter media consisting of alternating layers of sand, garnet and anthracite.
- filter media consisting of alternating layers of sand, garnet and anthracite.
- the wastewater travels in a downward path through depth filter 35, it removes any remaining particles larger than approximately 15 to 20 microns.
- occasional backwashing is required. This is accomplished using water from the finished water storage tank 37, utilizing backwash conduit 10, and pressurizing pump 33.
- the disinfected, filtered wastewater exits depth filter 35 it may still retain residual amounts of sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide itself deodorizes the wastewater stream, but it has its own odor which might be noticeable in the discharged water effluent.
- finishing filter 36 is a conventional carbon filter utilizing granular active carbon media. As the disinfected, filtered wastewater travels in a downward path through finishing filter 36, any residual color and odor that may be present (though unlikely) is removed.
- an underdrain system allows sufficient liquid to pass out of the filters while maintaining a differential pressure of between .5 psi to 3 psi. This creates a back pressure in filters 35, 36 which keeps the liquid flowing evenly and throughout the square area of the vessel.
- the wastewater treatment system of the present invention controls the disinfection process by automatically regulating the amount of H 2 S0 3 (sulfurous acid), or S0 2 (sulfur dioxide), based on the output of a residual sulfite analyzer (not shown).
- the analyzer is positioned at the output of the finishing filters and provides a feedback loop to the system' s control modules, discussed below.
- a suitable residual sulfite analyzer would be Model number A15/66-2- 1, manufactured by Analytical Technology Incorporated. From finishing filter 36, the disinfected, filtered wastewater is transported via finished water conduit 9 to finished water storage tank 37.
- the treated wastewater can be discharged to the desired reuse via discharge pump 38 and discharge conduit 11, though some of it periodically will be utilized for filter backwashing via backwash conduit 10, as discussed herein above.
- the finished water can be used directly for irrigation, discharged into a waterway, or further processed for drinking water.
- the sludge storage system receives settled particulates, or sludge, from reaction vessel 28 via sludge exit valve 41 and sludge conduit 12.
- the sludge storage section consists of sludge storage tank 42 and sludge mixer 43.
- Sludge mixer 43 keeps particulates in the sludge in suspension pending processing through filter press 48.
- the sludge exits sludge storage tank 42 via air operated diaphragm pump 44 and is directed to sludge tank 42.
- the sludge then is pumped through filter press conduit 13 and into filter press 48 for de-watering.
- Filter press 48 accumulates sludge and compresses it, extracting liquid material from the sludge and returning it to influent surge tank 7 through liquid return conduit 14.
- a suitable filter press 48 module for the purpose is available as Model FP00456-FP630G32L-22-7AXC, from M.W. Watermark, LLC, of Holland, Michigan. Once filter press 48 has been filled, the flow of sludge is halted and filter press 48 is allowed to drain for approximately 5 minutes. Filter press 48 is then opened, and the pressed solids are removed for drying and other processing for re-use. These solids may be used as soil amendments, additives for animal feed stock, or burned as fuel to generate heat or possibly electricity. Power consumption, capacity and controls
- the above described wastewater system may be of various sizes, but for the transportability feature described below, it is limited in size to treating between 14,400 gallons and 57,600 gallons of wastewater during a 24 hour period. This is ample for most temporary applications, and can serve a municipal system with hundreds of typical houses connected. If larger volumes are required, multiple units can be staged in parallel in sufficient numbers to handle the required flow. In this preferred size embodiment, power consumption requires only a 240 volt supply, either single phase or three phase, with a capacity of fifteen (15 kw) kilowatts or less.
- Figures 11A - 11H depict screen prints of various control modules for an operator to control the wastewater treatment of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, images on Figures 11A - 11F represent real-time control buttons for operating the depicted equipment. Transportability
- FIG. 8A - 10 the portable wastewater treatment system of the present invention is shown completely contained on two elongate trailers 100, 200 adapted to be towed by tractor 91 along on national and local highways from one site to another.
- the entire system remains on trailers 100, 200 and operates without having first to be assembled nor disassembled for transportation.
- Trailer 100 comprises elongate deck 101 surrounded by side rails 105 and having a longitudinal axis extending between front tongue 103 and rear truck 110.
- Truck 110 comprises a transverse axle coupled to trailer 100 by conventional means and fitted with dual wheels and tires of proper size and strength to support the weight of trailer 100 with all the equipment installed onto deck 101.
- Tongue 103 includes conventional towing hitch equipment (not shown) adapted to mate with tractor 91's "fifth wheel” trailer rigging for safe transportation on highways.
- tongue 103 when trailer 100 is in transportation mode, to be towed by tractor 91, tongue 103 is elevated above the rear wheels of tractor 91 with trailer 100's rear wheels engaging the ground 93.
- Figure 8B when trailer 100 is installed and prepared for operation of the waste treatment system of the present invention, tongue 103 is in a much lower position than shown in Figure 8A, and base rails 106 engage ground 93 to support trailer 100. Wheels 111 of truck 110 are lifted off of ground 93 and no longer bear the weight of trailer 100.
- ground 93 preferably comprises a level concrete pad at least the length and width of trailer 100 so that the waste treatment system of the present invention is leveled and stabilized against shifting soil conditions.
- a slab preferably is at least twelve (12 in.) inches thick and reinforced with sufficient steel reinforcing rods to withstand moment forces tending to bend and crack it.
- reaction vessels 28 are disposed at the rear of deck 101 nearest to truck 110. Reaction vessels 28 also are the largest components, and stand the tallest of all the equipment on trailer 100.
- well 102 may be provided as a recess for the bottom of reaction vessels 28 to extend below deck 101 to achieve low enough clearance for transporting trailer 100 on national and local highways with the least amount of regulatory licensing and oversight. Wells 102 can be as deep as the height of base rails 106.
- influent surge tank 7 represents the entry point to trailer 100 of influent wastwater, as discussed herein above in conjunction with Figure 1.
- filters 35, 36 which are the last stage of treatment of disinfected and flocculated water before it is discharged from the system through finished water storage tank 37, also disposed immediately forward of reaction vessels 28.
- the lightest and most easily lifted equipment on trailer 100 are chemical tanks 50, 56, 61, 71 containing the acid, alkali, flocculant and polymer additives introduced into the wastewater stream as discussed above.
- sludge storage tank 42 is positioned to collect sludge from both vessels 28.
- Filter press 48 may be installed atop truck deck 120 rearward from reaction vessels 28 and above truck 110.
- appropriate piping, conduits and valves (not shown) are required to be in place to interconnect the equipment into the sequence of stages discussed herein above in conjunction with Figure 1.
- Such piping, conduits and valves are contained completely within the confines of rails 105 surrounding deck 101.
- pretreatment reservoir 130 is disposed on second trailer 200 and adapted to be towed by its tongue 203, supported by its truck 210, and installed on a second concrete slab 93 as discussed above for the wastewater treatment system of the present invention.
- Pretreatment reservoir 130 comprises a large, water- and sewer gas- tight tank 131 adapted to receive raw sewage from municipal sanitary sewer systems, septic tank trucks and other sources of wastewater intended to be processed by the present invention.
- Pretreatment reservoir 130 also provides a buffering system whereby a steady flow of influent wastewater is fed into influent surge tank 7, keeping the wastewater treatment system of the present invention operating smoothly and at maximum capacity despite potentially erratic arrival of raw sewage, especially from septic truck arrivals.
- the incoming wastewater first passes through a grinder (not shown) to reduce the size of the solids to particles in the range of 200 microns (nominal).
- tank 130 is loaded with wastewater being stored in anticipation of treatment, the wastewater is continuously circulated through the grinder using a pair of booster pumps 20A operating in parallel.
- tongue deck 204 provides a platform for the above equipment, including macerating pump 20 and other devices adapted to carry out such preparatory work, so that it need not be housed on wastewater treatment system trailer 100.
- Valve 22 couples to conduit 1 to feed wastewater from pretreatment reservoir 130 into influent surge tank 7 located on trailer 100.
- a suitable grinder for the above describe application is the "Muffin Monster" model 30004T- 1204-DI, available from JWC Environmental of Costa Mesa, California, USA.
- the grinder must be supplied with a compatible "Rock Trap" to prevent very dense material such as rocks, bolts, nuts, etc. from reaching the grinder.
- Suitable pumps for the above described pretreatment application are available as Model AC8SJS 1V800B012104 from Finish Thompson, Inc., of Erie, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Suitable valves for the pretreatment system can be manually or automatically actuated, stainless steel butterfly valves available as Model 4- 396-967-000 from ABZ, Inc., of Chantilly, Virginia, USA.
- Suitable check valves required in the above pretreatment system are available as Center Line Valve Company Model
- trailer 100 Fully loaded with the wastewater treatment system described above and depicted in Figure 8A, trailer 100 weighs approximately 25,000 pounds.
- Trailer 100 preferably is approximately eight and one-half (8 1 ⁇ 2 ft.) feet wide, forty-five (45 ft.) feet long, and with the equipment depicted in Figure 8A aboard, no more than thirteen and one-half (13 1 ⁇ 2 ft.) feet high.
- Trailer 200 though having substantially the same horizontal dimensions, need not be nearly as tall, preferably being approximately ten (10 ft.) high.
- trailers 100, 200 as depicted and described are sufficiently small and light weight that the entire system can travel on the highways and local roads of most if not all states of the United States without obtaining wide-load and heavy equipment permits and without escorts and clearance supervision for overpasses, bridges and the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (29)
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EA201591536A EA030134B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
JP2016503309A JP6364473B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable non-biological circulation sewage treatment plant |
MDA20160094A MD4670C1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment system |
ES14764337T ES2750549T3 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Cyclic, non-biological, portable wastewater treatment plant |
RSP20191262 RS59352B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
PL14764337T PL2969973T3 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
SG11201608751YA SG11201608751YA (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
US14/775,695 US10710916B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
CN201480016040.3A CN105209394B (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable abiotic type circulating sewage processing equipment |
CA2905608A CA2905608C (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
MX2015012903A MX2015012903A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant. |
SI201431385T SI2969973T1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
EP19188657.1A EP3738936A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
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BR112015023423-2A BR112015023423B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | PORTABLE WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD |
UAA201509466A UA118187C2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
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SA515361143A SA515361143B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-15 | Portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
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US16/283,747 US11161761B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-23 | Method for treating wastewater using a portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
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CY20191101036T CY1122100T1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-10-03 | PORTABLE, NON-BIOLOGICAL CIRCULAR WASTE TREATMENT UNIT |
US17/483,336 US20220112111A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-09-23 | System and method of treating wastewater using a portable, non-biological, cyclic sewage treatment plant |
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