WO2014120303A2 - Détecteur de rayonnement - Google Patents

Détecteur de rayonnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014120303A2
WO2014120303A2 PCT/US2013/067038 US2013067038W WO2014120303A2 WO 2014120303 A2 WO2014120303 A2 WO 2014120303A2 US 2013067038 W US2013067038 W US 2013067038W WO 2014120303 A2 WO2014120303 A2 WO 2014120303A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
amounts
detector
discrete
geographic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/067038
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014120303A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark DELGADO
Jay HAKSAR
Original Assignee
Koyr, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koyr, Inc. filed Critical Koyr, Inc.
Publication of WO2014120303A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014120303A2/fr
Publication of WO2014120303A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014120303A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments

Definitions

  • a radiation detector that measures ionizing radiation. These may include use in a nuclear facility such as a nuclear power plant or a nuclear powered ship. A university or research facility working with radioactive materials may also have a need for radiation detectors. Further, an emergency response force such as a military or civilian first responder unit or a hazardous materials unit may require the need for a radiation detector.
  • the applications may be required for regular use, such as to ensure that there is no leakage at a nuclear facility, university, or within a nuclear-powered vessel. The applications may further be for emergency situations.
  • a variety of radiation detectors are currently in use. Examples include various types of Geiger counters, scintillation counters, Germanium detectors. Each of these detectors is effective in detecting and/or measuring ionizing radiation. These detectors may be stationary and positioned at a specific location of interest. Alternatively, the detectors may be portable to be carried by a user to a variety of different locations.
  • the report may be required on both a regular basis such as during normal operation of the various facilities and vessels, in addition to any detections of elevated radiation levels. It is often cumbersome and time-consuming to prepare the necessary reports. There is a need to automate the recording requirements.
  • the detectors should be accurate and also provide a way to report the data to a user in a meaningful manner.
  • the present application is directed to radiation detectors and methods of use.
  • One embodiment is directed to a system for measuring radiation within a geographic area.
  • the system includes a number of mobile user devices that each include a communication circuit configured to wirelessly communicate with a stand-alone portable radiation detector that is operative to measure radiation levels, a device control circuit configured to determine one or more discrete radiation amounts based on radiation measurement data received from the radiation detector, and to determine a geographic location of the stand-alone radiation detector that corresponds to each of the one or more discrete radiation amounts.
  • the system also includes a web server with a server control circuit and a memory. The web server receives from each of the mobile user devices the determined geographic locations and the
  • corresponding radiation amounts aggregates the geographic locations and the corresponding radiation amounts, and transmits to a computing device display data for a selected geographic area that includes the geographic locations and the corresponding radiation amounts.
  • the system may also include that the web server is further configured to predict where a clandestine isotope is located based on the radiation amounts. Further, the web server may be configured to determine an epicenter with a highest detected radiation within the selected geographic area.
  • the web server may be configured to automate completion of forms based on the received geographic locations and the corresponding radiation amounts.
  • Each of the mobile user devices may further include an electronic display to display a map with an indication of the discrete radiation amounts at the corresponding determined geographic locations.
  • Each of the mobile user devices may include a positioning unit that determines the geographic location of the device.
  • Each of the device control circuits may be configured to execute program code that is downloaded from the web server.
  • Each of the mobile user devices may include a port configured to connect via a wire with one of the stand-alone radiation detectors.
  • Another embodiment is directed to a method of measuring radiation within a geographic area.
  • the method includes: establishing a wireless connection between a mobile user device and a portable stand-alone radiation detector operative to measure radiation; wirelessly receiving at the mobile user device radiation measurement data from the stand-alone radiation detector via the wireless connection with the radiation measurement data having been recorded at different geographic locations for a given radioactive isotope; analyzing the radiation measurement data to determine one or more discrete radiation amounts; determining for each of the discrete radiation amounts a geographic location of the stand-alone radiation detector at a time when the radiation measurement data corresponding to the discrete radiation amount was recorded; wirelessly communicating the discrete radiation amounts and the corresponding geographic locations from the mobile user device to a web server; aggregating the discrete radiation amounts and the corresponding geographic locations; and transmitting display data that includes the discrete radiation amounts and the corresponding geographic locations within a geographic area to a computing device.
  • the method may also include displaying a map of the geographic area on an electronic display of the mobile user device, and displaying on the map an indication of the discrete radiation amounts at the corresponding determined geographic locations.
  • the method may also include comparing each of the one or more discrete radiation amounts to a predefined threshold for the isotope, and based on one of the one or more radiation amounts exceeding the predefined threshold, providing a safety warning to a user of the mobile computing device.
  • the radiation measurement data from the stand-alone radiation detector may be raw data that has not been analyzed by the stand-alone radiation detector.
  • Determining the geographic location of the stand-alone radiation detector may include using positioning data obtained at the mobile computing device.
  • the radiation measurement data received from the stand-alone radiation detector may be in a predetermined format that includes either CSV or JSON.
  • the method may also include storing the discrete radiation amounts and the corresponding geographic locations over an extended period of time.
  • the method may also include predicting where a clandestine isotope is located based on the radiation amounts.
  • the method may also include determining an epicenter with a highest detected radiation within the geographic area.
  • the method may also include automating completion of forms based on the received geographic locations and the corresponding radiation amounts.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a user device operative to receive such measurements from the detector.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a detector operative to obtain radiation measurements.
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart diagram illustrating a process of a user device receiving and analyzing data from a detector.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of multiple detectors in communication with a user device.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a user device.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a web server in communication with multiple user devices.
  • Figures 7-9 are exemplary display screens on a user device.
  • the present application is directed to devices and systems for measuring radiation within a geographic area.
  • the detector is incorporated within or communicates with a user device that includes one or more applications for processing and/or displaying information about radiation detected by the detector.
  • the system is configured to further provide a map to indicate the geographic location of radiation measurements.
  • the detector may be a stand-alone unit, or may be incorporated into a user device.
  • the user device may comprise a variety of different computing devices, including but not limited to a mobile cellular telephone, a smart phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, and a personal digital assistants (PDA).
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • the user device is configured to run an Android or Apple iOS operating system.
  • the device 20 includes a control circuit 21 operative to control the overall functionality of the device 20.
  • the control circuit 21 may include one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or other programmable devices.
  • the control circuit 21 may be configured to execute program code stored within the device 20, or accessible by the device, to control the various components and their functions.
  • the program code may be stored in memory 25, or may be downloaded from a server upon request (e.g., as a web application).
  • the device 20 also includes a display 22, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) for providing a graphical user interface for the program code.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • a graphics circuit may include one or more processors, decoders, buffers, and program codes configured to receive image signals and render an image on the display 22.
  • a keypad 28 is included for user input to control the functionality of the device 20. The keypad 28 may be a separate element, or may be incorporated into the display 22, such as through a touch-screen configuration.
  • a communications circuit 23 provides access to a wireless communication network, to facilitate communication between the device 20 and a remote server (see, e.g., Fig. 6).
  • the circuit 23 may include a radio frequency transmitter and receiver for transmitting and receiving signals through an antenna 24.
  • the communications circuit 23 may also include audio processing functionality, and further be configured to send and receive information through various formats, such as but not limited to electronic mail, text messages, files, and streaming audio and video.
  • Memory 25 may include one or several types of non-transitory memory, including, for example, read-only memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical storage devices, or the like.
  • one or more physical memory units may be shared by the various components.
  • Other embodiments may have physically separate memories for one or more of the different components.
  • a clock 26 is associated with the control circuit 21 that measures the various timing requirements for specific events.
  • the clock 26 may be independent from the control circuit 21 as illustrated in Figure 1 , or may be incorporated within the control circuit 21.
  • the device 20 may further include a GPS component 27 for receiving coordinate information to determine a geographic position of the device 20.
  • An input/output (I/O) port 29 may provide a wired connection with the detector 10, or with another electronic device.
  • Figure 2 illustrates one embodiment of a stand-alone radiation detector 10 that communicates with the user device 20.
  • the detector 10 includes a control circuit 1 1 that controls the operation of the detector 10.
  • the control circuit 1 1 may include one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, ASICs, or other programmable devices.
  • control circuit 1 1 includes a Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC).
  • PIC Programmable Interrupt Controller
  • Non-transitory memory 12 may be operatively connected to the control circuit 1 1.
  • the memory may store processing logic for the control circuit 1 1.
  • a GPS component 16 may also be included with the detector 10 to determine the geographic location of the detector 10.
  • the detector 10 further includes a sensing unit 13 that is configured to measure radiation levels.
  • the sensing unit 13 may include a variety of different configurations.
  • the sensing unit 13 is a Geiger counter that includes a Geiger-Muller tube filled with a low-pressure inert fill gas.
  • the tube includes cylindrical walls that are constructed of metal or coated with a conductive material.
  • the Geiger counter also includes a wire that extends through a center of the tube.
  • Another embodiment of the sensing unit 13 includes a scintillation counter that has a photomultiplier tube and a scintillation crystal.
  • the crystal is constructed from one or a variety of materials that fluoresces when struck by ionizing radiation.
  • the tube measures the light from the crystal with the output being fed through an amplifier.
  • Yet another embodiment of the detector 10 includes a Germanium detector.
  • the device 10 also includes a filter 18 to perform filtering of measurement data from the sensing unit 13.
  • the filter 18 may be software-based, or may be implemented as a hardware- based filter.
  • the filter 18 reduces and/or eliminates electrical noise and interference coming from the sensing unit 13.
  • the filter 18 can be tuned using analog or digital components to eliminate noise at a certain frequency.
  • the various embodiments of the sensing unit 13 may be contained partially or entirely within a detector housing 19. In other embodiments, the entirety of the sensing unit 13 is exterior to the housing 19.
  • the control circuit 1 1 is configured to convert radiation measurement data to a format readable by the user device 20, such as a Comma Separated Value (CSV) or JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format, and to transmit that data to the user device 20 via transceiver 14 for analysis and/or display.
  • the control circuit 1 1 may be further configured to aggregate the data over a predefined number of measurement periods before transmitting the data.
  • the control circuit 1 1 may be configured to perform some analysis on the data (e.g., detecting whether measurements exceed predefined radiation thresholds, record counts per second, energy levels).
  • the transceiver 14 may be configured to provide wireless or wired connectivity with the user device 20.
  • the transceiver may provide connectivity through one or more of a variety of different wireless protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth, Ethernet, WiFi, USB, and ZigBee.
  • the transceiver 14 may further include an I/O port 15 for wired
  • the detector 10 may further include one or more indicators 62, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or LCD displays, for indicating various thing ' s to a user.
  • the indicator 62 could be used to indicate status of the detector 10, whether a radiation level has exceeded a predefined threshold, etc. Additionally, the indicator 62 may provide an indication of what radioactive isotopes the detector 10 is currently calibrated to measure, whether the detector 10 is on/off, battery life, and a connection to the user device 20.
  • the detector 10 may also include an input device 17 for configuring the control circuit.
  • the input device 17 could comprise a switch or dial to select a radiation detection range, an isotope for which detection is desired etc. Some example settings may include a calibration for cobalt-60, cesium-137, and strontium-90.
  • the input device 17 determines which of a plurality of control circuits 1 1 is turned ON (with each control circuit being calibrated for measuring a particular isotope). In the same or another example, the input device 17 adjusts a potentiometer to retune the control circuit 1 1 to measure for a desired isotope.
  • the user device 20 and detector 10 have been illustrated as separate devices, it is understood that the functionality of the user device 20 and the detector 10 may also be combined into a single unit 90 as illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the user device 90 includes many of the same components and functionality as the user device 20 described above and illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the device 90 includes a sensing unit 101 that is controlled by the control circuit 21.
  • the sensing unit 101 may be configured as a Geiger counter, scintillation counter, or Germanium counter as described above.
  • the sensing unit 101 may be contained partially or entirely within a detector housing 19. In other embodiments, the entirety of the sensing unit 13 is exterior to the housing 19.
  • Figure 3 illustrates an example method 100 implemented by the user device to receive and process measurement data from a stand-alone detector 10.
  • Figure 7 includes a display on the user device 20 for the user to access the relative processes.
  • the user device 20 communicatively connects with the detector 10 (step 102). This connection may occur through various different wireless protocols, including but not limited to Bluetooth, Ethernet, WiFi, USB, and Zigbee. Alternatively, or in addition to a wireless connection, connection may be through a wired connection through the respective ports 15, 29.
  • radiation measurement data from the detector 10 is received at the user device 20 through a defined communication protocol, such as FTP, SSH, HTTP and TCP in a format readable by the user device 20 (e.g., CSV, JSON) (step 104).
  • a defined communication protocol such as FTP, SSH, HTTP and TCP in a format readable by the user device 20 (e.g., CSV, JSON)
  • Figure 8 includes a display on the user device 20 that is visible to the user indicating the ability to take a measurement.
  • Figure 9 is a display indicating the location at which the data will be obtained.
  • the received data may include raw data that has not yet been analyzed, or may include analyzed data that has been processed to some extent by the detector 10.
  • the data may be sent to the user device 20 at the time it is measured at the detector 10, or may be saved at the detector 10 and transmitted on periodic intervals.
  • the user device 20 analyzes the data using one or more stored algorithms to determine discrete radiation measurements (step 106).
  • the data received from the detector 10 is raw sensor data that requires additional computations at the user device 20.
  • Another embodiment includes the detector 10 processing or otherwise determining the radiation levels which are forwarded to the user device 20 and require no additional computations.
  • the user device 20 is further configured to compare received measurement data to a predefined threshold amount of detected radiation. If this amount is exceeded, the user device 20 may transmit a warning message to a user, optionally through the detector 10, indicating that detected excessive levels of radiation are hazardous.
  • the user device 20 also determines the geographic location of the detector 10 at the various locations where the radiation readings were obtained, and maps each measurement to its associated location (step 108).
  • the geographic location may be determined by the GPS unit 16 in the detector 10 and the location information sent to the user device 20 with the radiation data.
  • the geographic location may also be determined by the GPS unit 27 of the user device 20 that geographically tracks the position of the user device 20 and maps the location data to the radiation measurement data.
  • the user device 20 provides an indication of a received radiation measurement on the display 22 (step 1 10). For example, this may include a table entry of a new measurement, may indicate a magnitude of a most recent measurement, may include such data overlaid on top of a map, etc. Thus, this information may be displayed in a variety of formats that correlates the radiation readings with the geographic location at which the readings were obtained, and the radiation measurements may be displayed in real-time on a map to provide the viewer with an indication of their various recorded radiation level measurements.
  • the map may be stored in memory 25, or may be retrieved from a website, such as Google Maps or Bing Maps as needed.
  • the user device 20 is further configured to perform data logging (steps 1 12-1 16). Radiation measurement and associated geographic data recorded over a period of time are stored at the user device 20 (step 1 14). The amount of data stored may vary depending upon the needs of the user.
  • the user device 20 may be further configured to display the data for an extended period of time (step 1 16).
  • the format of the displayed information may be comparable to the previously displayed information (i.e., step 1 10), or may provide for additional and/or different presentation formats.
  • the data from the user device 20 is transmitted to a server where it may be stored as necessary for further processing (step 1 18).
  • the transmission of the data may be provided in various wireless formats and using various protocols.
  • the user device 20 includes detection software to implement the method 100. That software may be executed as a standalone dedicated application (e.g., an Android or iOS application), or may be executed as a browser-based web application that loads from a server (e.g., web server 80).
  • the embodiment described above with reference to Figure 3 includes the user device
  • the user device 20 receiving data from a single detector 10.
  • the user device 20 may further be configured to receive data from multiple different detectors 10 as illustrated in Figure 4. In such an embodiment, the user device 20 receives the relevant data from each of the detectors 10 and processes the information accordingly.
  • the user device 20 may be configured to display data separately from each of the detectors 10.
  • the user device 20 may also be configured to analyze the data in a combined format from two or more of the detectors 10 and display the combined information. This could be useful in a disaster relief vehicle (e.g. a mobile unit containing multiple detectors with one or more user devices 100 in communication with all of those detectors), and could also be useful in a large vessel, such as a nuclear submarine where it may be desirable to have detectors spread throughout the vessel. Additionally, this configuration may also be useful for portable area monitoring networks, portal monitoring on the border, and placing devices on shipping containers at loading docks.
  • a disaster relief vehicle e.g. a mobile unit containing multiple detectors with one or more user devices 100 in communication with all of those detector
  • measurement data processed by the user device 20 may be transmitted to a server, such as a web server 80.
  • a server such as a web server 80.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment with multiple user devices 90 including combined detectors transmitting information over a wireless network to the web server 80.
  • the user devices 90 may transmit the data on a continuous basis, or may periodically submit the data.
  • the data may be sent to the web server 80 in various formats.
  • the devices 100 may be configured to transmit their measurement data to the server 80 simultaneously, in real time, or upon obtaining measurements from their associated detectors.
  • combined user device/detectors are shown in Fig. 6, it is understood that the illustrated web server 80 may also be used with separate user devices 20 and detectors 10.
  • the detectors 10 may be handheld devices that a field user would keep on their person to take measurements. However, in one example, the detectors 10 may be supplemented or replaced by stationary detectors that are permanently located at predefined locations throughout a geographic area, and the user device 20 may be in communication with a plurality of those detectors at any given time. This could be useful, for example, at an airport or border crossing where it may be desirable to detect unauthorized transport of illicit nuclear materials but detector mobility is not desired.
  • the web server 80 includes a processor 82, non-transitory memory 84, and one or more input/output (I/O) devices 86.
  • the processor 82 includes one or more control circuits (e.g., microprocessors) operative to aggregate measurement and location data received from the plurality of device pairs 90 in memory 84.
  • the server 80 may provide a map display of all or selected measurements in a selected geographic area. For example, if an area was known or suspected to have high radiation levels, field users could be deployed with user devices 20 and detectors 10 to obtain measurements for various assigned sub-areas, and an administrative user could access the server 80 to view a map display of all of those measurements.
  • multiple devices 100 could act in a coordinated fashion to perform radiation detection monitoring for a larger geographic area than would be feasible with a single device 20 and detector 10. This could be particularly useful, for example, in disaster relief efforts, where an area has a nuclear emergency and a coordinated detection effort is needed.
  • the administrative user could filter the map and measurements based on various criteria (e.g., selecting only measurements above a certain threshold, and/or selecting only measurements in a certain geographic area).
  • the server 80 is configured to predict where a clandestine isotope is located based on measurements submitted by a plurality of detectors. This may be performed, for example, by determining an epicenter having the highest detected radiation levels in a given geographic area.
  • the server 80 could be used to automate the completion of various nuclear safety forms that would otherwise require manual completion.
  • the server 80 could be used for paperwork and database entry.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des dispositifs et des procédés permettant de mesurer un rayonnement au sein d'une zone géographique. Le détecteur est intégré à un dispositif utilisateur ou communique avec un dispositif utilisateur qui comprend une ou plusieurs applications servant à traiter et/ou à afficher des informations concernant le rayonnement détecté par le détecteur. Le système est conçu pour fournir également une carte indiquant l'emplacement géographique des mesures de rayonnement.
PCT/US2013/067038 2012-10-30 2013-10-28 Détecteur de rayonnement WO2014120303A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261720261P 2012-10-30 2012-10-30
US61/720,261 2012-10-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014120303A2 true WO2014120303A2 (fr) 2014-08-07
WO2014120303A3 WO2014120303A3 (fr) 2014-10-02

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN112313757A (zh) * 2018-06-22 2021-02-02 法玛通公司 在放射性区域中干预的方法和组件
WO2022093934A1 (fr) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-05 Gold Standard Radiation Detection, Inc. Dose de rayonnement à résolution temporelle et cartographie de santé dans des environnements extrêmes

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US20040232323A1 (en) * 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 University Of Alabama-Huntsville Method, system and computer program product for collecting and storing radiation and position data
US20050027196A1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-03 Fitzgerald Loretta A. System for processing patient radiation treatment data
US20070018807A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2007-01-25 Craig William W Cellular telephone-based radiation detection instrument
US20090012745A1 (en) * 2007-07-05 2009-01-08 Purdue Research Foundation Nuclear detection via a system of widely distributed low cost detectors
US7629580B2 (en) * 2005-02-10 2009-12-08 Bushberg Jerrold T Dynamic emergency radiation monitor

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US20070018807A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2007-01-25 Craig William W Cellular telephone-based radiation detection instrument
US20040232323A1 (en) * 2003-05-20 2004-11-25 University Of Alabama-Huntsville Method, system and computer program product for collecting and storing radiation and position data
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US20090012745A1 (en) * 2007-07-05 2009-01-08 Purdue Research Foundation Nuclear detection via a system of widely distributed low cost detectors

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112313757A (zh) * 2018-06-22 2021-02-02 法玛通公司 在放射性区域中干预的方法和组件
WO2022093934A1 (fr) * 2020-10-28 2022-05-05 Gold Standard Radiation Detection, Inc. Dose de rayonnement à résolution temporelle et cartographie de santé dans des environnements extrêmes

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