WO2014119978A1 - Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel - Google Patents

Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014119978A1
WO2014119978A1 PCT/MX2013/000012 MX2013000012W WO2014119978A1 WO 2014119978 A1 WO2014119978 A1 WO 2014119978A1 MX 2013000012 W MX2013000012 W MX 2013000012W WO 2014119978 A1 WO2014119978 A1 WO 2014119978A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biodiesel
glycerin
mixture
electrodes
decantation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2013/000012
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Pedro Gabriel GONZÁLEZ ESTRADA
Dino Alejandro PARDO GUZMÁN
Felipe CARO RAMOS
Guillermo Javier KITAZAWA MOLINA
José Martín VELEZ DE LA ROCHA
Hiram GUTIERREZ LIZARRAGA
Adilene Margarita LAREZ MOLINA
Cinthya Araceli RUIZ PARDO
Juan Pedro CAMOU ESTEBAN
Iván Roberto KAWAMINAMI GARCÍA
Original Assignee
González Estrada Pedro Gabriel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by González Estrada Pedro Gabriel filed Critical González Estrada Pedro Gabriel
Priority to PCT/MX2013/000012 priority Critical patent/WO2014119978A1/fr
Publication of WO2014119978A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014119978A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity

Definitions

  • the separation of two liquids of different density can be done by equipment designed for this purpose, called decanters. Normally, the liquid present in greater proportion forms the external phase. The liquid that is present in a smaller proportion, either in suspension or in emulsion, forming drops that, for design purposes, can be considered discrete particles.
  • Decantation or sedimentation of the suspended particles occurs because, due to their higher density, they form a phase that accumulates at the bottom of the container containing the liquid mixture.
  • the suspended drops are deposited at the bottom at a rate that is proportional to the square of the particle diameter, is also proportional to the difference between the relative densities of the two liquids, and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the liquid that forms the phase external When heat is applied to the mixture, and therefore the viscosity decreases, the temperature is directly proportional to the rate of decantation.
  • the equation that summarizes all of the above is known as Stokes's Law.
  • Various methods are used to increase the decantation rate. Joining suspended particles or droplets is one of the procedures that greatly increases the efficiency of decanters and settlers. When the particles are solid, this process is known as flocculation; When they are liquid it is called coalescence. When the particles or drops are grouped, they form particles of greater weight and size, thereby increasing the decantation rate.
  • the presence of water in the ternary system promotes a reduction in viscosity and an increase in the polarity of the glycerin fraction, which are very advantageous in their decantation under conditions of rest or centrifugation.
  • intermediate compounds of the trans-esterification reaction such as mono- and diglycerides, or saponified compounds, derived from secondary reactions between the catalyst and triglycerides, leads to the stabilization of a persistent emulsified system.
  • the stable emulsion contains hydrated glycerin as a dispersed phase; mono- and diglyceride esters and intermediates as a dispersing phase, and saponified compounds as emulsifying agents.
  • the alcohol component remaining in the process is subdivided in proportion between the two phases.
  • a theoretical alternative in order to overcome the problem of glycerin separation would be to reduce the alcohol content by distillation and subsequent catalyst neutralization, with the addition of a mineral acid.
  • These measures may give rise to other problems for the purification process, such as the partial inversion of the reaction - with the formation of the intermediate compounds (mono and di-glycerides) and the precipitation of fatty acids, due to the neutralization of saponified compounds.
  • the point of balance between these two steps is difficult to establish and highly dependent on the characteristics of the reaction load.
  • Methanol more reactive than ethanol, is used more frequently in industrial processes. However, due to its toxicity, it is being replaced by ethanol, which in addition to being less toxic can be obtained from a renewable source.
  • the type of catalyst used, the reaction conditions, the type and concentration of impurities in the reaction medium determine the course of the yield and the by-products obtained in the trans-esterification of triglycerides.
  • One of these reaction byproducts is the formation of soaps, which leads to stable emulsions.
  • glycerin is dispersed in the biodiesel in the form of droplets; With its surfactant action, the deposit of soap molecules on the surface of the drops that give rise to the emulsion. For this reason, the step in which glycerin is separated from biodiesel constitutes a critical step in the industrial process.
  • Patent document EP2332903 refers to a process for the purification of biodiesel obtained from castor seed oil, for the purpose of promoting the efficiency of the separation of the glycerin fraction formed during the trans-esterification reaction of a mixture of petroleum-derived long chain triglycerides in the presence of ethanol and an alkaline catalyst. More specifically, the present invention relates to the application of a method for electrostatic separation of the glycerin fraction to conventional processes for the industrial production of biodiesel. The invention now proposed is intended to solve this problem by drastically reducing the time for phase separation.
  • Patent application EP2349521 describes a vertical electrostatic coalescer comprising a first and second electrode surface, and a horizontally arranged foraminous surface.
  • the first electrode surface and horizontally arranged foraminous surface are at ground potential.
  • the surfaces of the first and second electrodes share the same flat orientation with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the vessel.
  • the unique arrangement of the vessel and opposite pairs of surfaces of the first and second electrodes provide for a substantially uniform voltage field around a perimeter of the vessel and an effective voltage field for coalescence within a center of a vessel.
  • a circular distribution tube or in the form of a distribution housing, serves to absorb the impulse of the incoming emulsion current and distribute the current inside an vessel.
  • Figure 1 is a conventional perspective view of the decanter device of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side longitudinal section of the decanter device of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, in question.
  • Figure 3 is an upper longitudinal section of said decanter device of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the decanter device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the decanter device, in comment.
  • Figure 6 is a conventional perspective view of the internal components of the decanter device of this invention.
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of Figure 6, where side perforations are seen.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the integral system for the decantation of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, of the present invention.
  • Example 1 Preferred mode for the realization of the device and a system, for decanting a mixture of biodiesel with glycerin, of the present invention.
  • the present example describes one of the preferred embodiments for the realization of the decanter device for a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, of the present invention, which comprises a horizontally arranged bottom trapezoidal tank (1) in channel "V", which is divided into two sections (I and II); where the first section is crossed longitudinally by a straight tube (2), where the mixture of biodiesel and glycerin is introduced. Side holes (3) are provided along the tube, to minimize the area of turbulence.
  • an inclined plate (4) is installed, to favor the separation of the particles by density difference, forcing the flow of mixture that leaves those holes ( 3) to ascend and descend following the path that determines the angle of inclination of such plates (4).
  • At least one first pair of electrodes (5) is inserted, which will be fed with a certain voltage, so that they form an electric field that will accelerate the decantation of the glycerin.
  • a first glycerin sensor (S1) is also included.
  • a zigzag channel is provided, which is formed by a set of vertical plates (6), to orient the flow of mixture in the horizontal path and alternate direction, and thus increase the residence time of the flow mix.
  • a second pair of electrodes (7) connected to a voltage source is placed in the final part of said zigzag channel. This also integrates a second glycerin sensor (S2).
  • an outlet control valve for glycine (A4) is provided, which deposits the glycerol in its respective container (G) and a control valve for the output of pure biodiesel (A3), the which will deposit it in its container of pure biodiesel (B2).
  • the electrical current consumption of this second pair of electrodes (7) will be indicative that the glycerin separation has been completed.
  • the amperage level of the last pair of electrodes will be used to control the feed flow received by the decanter.
  • the electrodes have their respective insulated terminals (13) so that multiple high voltage electric power supply variables (8 and 9) are connected to their respective sources.
  • the glycerin sensors (S1 and S2) are connected to a processing unit (11), to monitor and control the degree of decantation or recovery of glycerol; said processing unit (11) contains: at least one electrical conductivity sensor, at least one electrical current sensor installed in each high voltage electrode module, a conductivity indicator, with reading associated with the degree of glycerol decantation.
  • the processing unit (11) is an electronic device that receives and processes signals from the sensors, particularly the glycerin sensor (10), to make decisions about the flow of water to be injected into the decanter device and the electric field to be applied. .
  • the processing unit (11) has a multivariable modeling algorithm that minimizes in real time the glycerin impurities present in the biodiesel flow through the glycerin valve (A4), depending on the DC and AC characteristics of the voltage applied by the sources of power and luxury of water injected into the decanter.
  • the decanter device has a source of impure biodiesel (B1) and a source of water (12), which are connected, by means of pipes, to the supply tube (2) of said device; and it is provided with a control valve for the amount of impure biodiesel (A1) and a control valve for the amount of water (A2).
  • the present invention also provides a system for the decantation of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin, where the decanter device described above intervenes. Therefore, said system comprises the decanter apparatus already referenced and all external components, to carry out a process of decanting a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin.
  • the action of the electric field is due to the polar character of the glycerol molecule. These molecules form dipoles that are electrically oriented in the same direction, in the presence of a continuous electric field, attracting each other; also the drops lose their sphericity when deformed by the action of the electric field, reduce their surface tension and favor the contact between them and therefore their coalescence.
  • coalescence is favored because the suspended drops are agitated by the variation of the electric field, favoring the contact between them, resulting in a greater coalescence, resulting in a higher decantation rate.
  • Example 2 Operation and procedure, for the decantation of a mixture of biodiesel and glycerin.
  • the flow containing the mixture of glycerol and fatty acid methyl esters enters the decanter described in example 1, through the feed tube (2) that distributes this flow through multiple perforations (3) along the feed tube (2) .
  • the inclined plates (4) orient the flow in vertical path, facilitating the decantation due to the difference in densities of the fluids that make up the mixture.
  • the first pair of electrodes (5) generates an electric field in the first section of the decanter. This electric field accelerates the decantation, as it stimulates the coalescence of the glycerin particles suspended in the biodiesel.
  • Glycerol flows through the bottom of the decanter, whose bottom has a slope.
  • the fluids pass to the second section of the decanter consisting of a series of vertical plates (6) that orient the flow in alternate directions, in order to allow a longer residence time with which a complete separation of the fluids is achieved.
  • the electric field is caused by the second pair of electrodes (7).
  • the current consumption in each section of the apparatus, by the electrodes is monitored by the processing unit (11), and is used as a reference for the degree of fluid separation.
  • the mixing feed valves, the glycerol and biodiesel outlet valves located respectively in the lower and upper part of the second section of the decanter, are controlled by said unit (11).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nouvel appareil pour accélérer le procédé de purification du biodiesel, au moyen d'une séparation de la glycérine par décantation assistée par un ensemble d'éléments, comprenant une série de paires de plaques soumises à une différence de potentiel électrique alternant, qui induisent des champs électriques d'intensité plus faible au niveau de l'entrée du flux de biodiesel et de la glycérine au niveau de l'appareil, et d'intensité plus forte au niveau de la sortie du biodiesel purifié. L'appareil induit un flux laminaire du mélange entrant de biodiesel et de glycérine à travers des canaux étroits soumis à un champ électrique haute fréquence pour faciliter le processus connu de coalescence et de décantation de la molécule de glycérine. Il en résulte un système pouvant réduire à moins de 10% la vitesse de décantation par rapport au système classique de décantation par repos.
PCT/MX2013/000012 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel WO2014119978A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MX2013/000012 WO2014119978A1 (fr) 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MX2013/000012 WO2014119978A1 (fr) 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014119978A1 true WO2014119978A1 (fr) 2014-08-07

Family

ID=51262620

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/MX2013/000012 WO2014119978A1 (fr) 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014119978A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104474743A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-01 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种连续分离生物柴油和甘油的装置
EP3108948A1 (fr) * 2015-06-26 2016-12-28 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Coalesceur électrostatique liquide/liquide à contre-courant
EP3064277A3 (fr) * 2015-03-02 2017-06-21 Mahle International GmbH Dispositif de filtre a carburant

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0089471A2 (fr) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-28 National Tank Company Séparateur électrique à plaques inclinées
US5554301A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-09-10 Universal Environmental Technologies, Inc. Water clarification system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0089471A2 (fr) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-28 National Tank Company Séparateur électrique à plaques inclinées
US5554301A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-09-10 Universal Environmental Technologies, Inc. Water clarification system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104474743A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-04-01 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种连续分离生物柴油和甘油的装置
EP3064277A3 (fr) * 2015-03-02 2017-06-21 Mahle International GmbH Dispositif de filtre a carburant
US9976525B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2018-05-22 Mahle International Gmbh Fuel filter device
EP3108948A1 (fr) * 2015-06-26 2016-12-28 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Coalesceur électrostatique liquide/liquide à contre-courant

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9975064B2 (en) Systems and methods for unipolar separation of emulsions and other mixtures
US20040094421A1 (en) Dual frequency electrostatic coalescence
JPS6260927B2 (fr)
CN111825174B (zh) 一种用于水包油乳化液的破乳装置和方法
JPH0149525B2 (fr)
CN202530047U (zh) 一种原油电脱水装置
WO2014119978A1 (fr) Électropurification accélérée de biodiesel
US20130220816A1 (en) Removal of Glycerin From Biodiesel Using An Electrostatic Process
US4200516A (en) Electrostatic coalescing system
US20200002623A1 (en) Systems and processes for separating emulsified water from a fluid stream
BR112013002736B1 (pt) método de remoção de água
US4224124A (en) Electrostatic coalescing system
CN106310944B (zh) 用于分离介质内颗粒和小液滴的介电电泳电极及电极阵列
US10786757B2 (en) Compact electrocoalescer with conical frustum electrodes
US20190023995A1 (en) Systems and processes for separating emulsified water from a fluid stream
CN105176578B (zh) 一种原油电脱盐/脱水装置及方法
Ampairojanawong et al. Development of purification process using electrocoagulation technique for biodiesel produced via homogeneous catalyzed transesterification process of refined palm oil
RU2706316C1 (ru) Магнитоэлектродегидратор
GB1120579A (en) A distributor for fluids
RU119630U1 (ru) Электродегидратор
SU1333364A1 (ru) Способ обезвоживани и обессоливани водонефт ных и водомасл ных эмульсий и устройство дл его осуществлени
JP3283498B2 (ja) 電気分解式汚水処理装置
RU2751346C1 (ru) Электродегидратор
US3437581A (en) Electric emulsion treater for crude oil
JPH04135602A (ja) 電気脱塩装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13873411

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13873411

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1