WO2014117899A1

WO2014117899A1 - Compact and integrated direct current distribution point for a rail sub-station

Info

Publication number: WO2014117899A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/076780
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yohann CHAUVAT; Denis AIRAULT; Jean-Louis DUCHON
Original assignee: Soreel Societe De Realisation D'equipements Electriques
Priority date: 2013-01-31
Filing date: 2013-12-16
Publication date: 2014-08-07
Also published as: FR3001584B1; FR3001584A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a direct current distribution point for a rail sub-station, comprising at least: a rectification cabinet (23) comprising a rectifier combined with an isolating switch; an ultra-fast circuit-breaker cabinet (24); a control cabinet (25); a switchgear cabinet (26); a cabinet (28) comprising a general low-voltage board; and a cable-connection cabinet (27). Said cabinets are assembled on a single mobile support (21) in the form of three separate sub-sets separated two-by-two by electrical insulation means (29A, 29B): a first sub-set comprising said rectification cabinet; a second sub-set comprising said ultra-fast circuit-breaker cabinet and said control cabinet; and a third sub-set comprising said switchgear cabinet, said general low-voltage board, and said cable-connecting cabinet. Third means (29C) for electrical insulating from the ground are mounted between said mobile support (21) and said sub-sets.

Description

Compact and integrated DC distribution block for railway substation.

1. field of invention

The field of the invention is that of the power supply of railway networks, in particular for trams and subways. More particularly, the invention relates to traction energy installations for transforming a low-voltage AC power supply (for example, 3 × 585 Volts) into a low-voltage direct voltage (for example, 750 volts), intended to power the rolling stock. .

Conventionally, a railway line is divided into electrical sections, which are delimited by section insulators, to the right of substations (SSR).

In a substation, three distinct parts can be distinguished: high-voltage cells (HV), high-voltage / low-voltage transformers (HV / LV), conversion, protection and distribution cells for DC and auxiliary power and the system control / command.

An example of a substation is illustrated schematically in FIG. 1. It thus comprises an HT cell (x1), a HV / LV transformer (x2) and a rectifier group 11, transforming the low voltage voltage (for example 3x585V) into a DC voltage (for example 750 volts). Each rectifier group 11 feeds two electrical sections, respectively an upstream section 12 and a downstream section 13. The insulators 14 make it possible to cut the connection between two electrical sections. This sectioning makes it possible, on the one hand, to feed each section, generally by two sources, which makes it possible to reduce the voltage drops in line, and, on the other hand, to confine an electrical fault to a portion of line only. .

The rolling stock can be powered by several systems: overhead contact line (LAC), third rail, ground feed (APS), ... 2. prior art

Substations are relatively complex installations, which generally require major installation, assembly and testing. Indeed, the currents transported are very high, and safety is a major concern. In addition, the maintenance of these systems is relatively heavy.

Generally, a substation consists of a set of independent cabinets, providing the various necessary functions (HV cells, transformer, rectifying, sectioning, ultra-fast disjunction, traction distribution, control / command, ...) . These cabinets must be installed, then interconnected and tested, which represents a significant amount of work, sometimes in unsuitable conditions. Often, because of these specific facilities on site, the substations are slightly different from each other, which makes maintenance very difficult.

3. objectives of the invention

The invention particularly aims to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.

More specifically, an object of the invention is to provide a technique for simplifying the electrification of railway lines, and in particular the production and installation of conversion cells, protection and distribution of direct current and auxiliary and the control / command system, in particular, of railway substations.

Thus, an object of the invention is to provide a technique for optimizing the assembly and implementation of such equipment.

The invention also aims to provide such a solution, to reduce the overall size of a substation, as well as its cost of manufacture, installation and maintenance.

4. main features of the invention These objectives, as well as others which will appear subsequently, are achieved according to the invention by means of a DC distribution block of a railway sub-station, comprising at least:

a rectification cabinet, comprising a rectifier, adapted to receive an alternating current and delivering a combined direct current to an isolation disconnector (making it possible to separate the downstream portion of the rectifier from a protection / distribution portion of the direct current);

an ultra-fast disjunction cabinet;

a sectioning cabinet, controlling the supply of one of several electrical sections of said substation;

a control / command cabinet of said distribution block and said substation;

a cabinet comprising a general low-voltage switchboard, comprising equipment protection members of said distribution block and said substation;

a cable connection cabinet.

According to the invention, said cabinets are assembled on a single mobile support, in the form of three subsets separated in pairs by first and second electrical insulation means:

a first subassembly comprising said recovery cabinet;

a second subassembly comprising said high-speed switchgear cabinet and said switchgear cabinet;

a third subassembly comprising said control / command cabinet, said low-voltage general board and said cable connection cabinet,

and third electrical insulation means with respect to the ground are mounted between said movable support and said subsets. Thus, the invention proposes a new, reliable and efficient approach, according to which the DC distribution block for a railway substation, also hereinafter referred to as "intelligent continuous distribution block", forms a single unit, compact and transportable. , completely assembled and tested at the factory. From the beginning, it integrates the necessary isolations, which are optimized and tested.

According to a particular embodiment, said first and second electrical insulation means comprise a U-shaped profile having a polyester resin matrix, having a separation thickness between two of said subsets of at least 60 mm.

According to a particular characteristic, said third insulation means may comprise a set of insulators and / or ventilation grids made of an insulating material, inserting a separation thickness between said subsets and said support of at least 60 mm.

According to another aspect of the invention, said movable support may have at least two sleeves for inserting a fork of a forklift.

Thus, the distribution block of the invention is easily transportable.

The distribution block may further comprise a dual ventilation system, on the one hand in the lower part at said third electrical insulation means and on the other hand in the upper part of at least some of said cabinets.

This ensures efficient ventilation of the distribution block. In particular, the roof of at least the recovery cabinets, high-speed disjunction and sectioning can be raised via a ventilation baffle system, having ventilation grids set back from the vertical walls of said cabinets.

According to another aspect of the invention, said ultrafast separation cabinet can comprise at least one circuit breaker, comprising a part of power and a control part, mounted on a removable carriage that can take three distinct positions:

a plugged position, wherein said power portion and said control portion are connected;

- A withdrawn position, wherein said power portion and said control portion are disconnected; and

a test position, wherein said power portion is disconnected but said control portion remains connected.

It is thus possible to test the high-speed circuit breaker simply and efficiently.

A protective flap whose vertical displacement can be provided, which is controlled by the horizontal movement of said removable carriage, via mechanical transmission means.

Said carriage may in particular carry a mechanical indicator indicating the current position of said carriage.

In another aspect, said recovery cabinet may include at least one disconnector whose movement is provided by motorization means, equipped with a manual emergency control.

Advantageously, the distribution block of the invention has a plurality of access doors distributed over at least the two longitudinal sides of said distribution block.

Thus, maintenance of the distribution block is particularly easy, with access from the front and the back.

5. list of figures

Other advantageous features of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, given by way of a simple illustrative and nonlimiting example and the appended drawings in which:

Figure 1, already commented on in the preamble, schematically illustrates the general principle of a railway substation; FIGS. 2A to 2E show an embodiment of a DC distribution block of a railway substation according to the invention:

Figure 2A: front view, closed doors;

- Figure 2B: front view, open doors;

Figure 2C: rear view, open doors;

Figure 2D: top view;

Figure 2E: exploded system view;

Fig. 3 is a simplified example of a unifilar of a traction energy distribution;

Figure 4 is a simplified block diagram of the system of the invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates the cabinet for rectifying, protecting and isolating the distribution block of FIGS. 2A to 2E, without its doors;

FIG. 6 illustrates a diode bridge in a semi-removable version of the cabinet of FIG. 5;

Figure 7 shows more precisely the disconnector and its motorization of the cabinet of Figure 5;

FIG. 8 illustrates the ultrafast disjunction cabinet;

Figures 9A and 9B illustrate the mechanical indicator of the removable carriage of the cabinet of Figure 8;

FIG. 10 illustrates the sectioning cabinet of the distribution block of FIGS. 2A to 2E;

FIG. 11 is a simplified electrical diagram of the system implemented by the invention, notably showing the insulations;

Figure 12 illustrates a lower part of one of the cabinets, having a ventilation;

Figure 13 shows an upper part of one of the cabinets, also equipped with ventilation; Figure 14 shows, exploded, the lower insulation means, and the corresponding ventilation.

6. description of an embodiment

6.1 general presentation of the intelligent block of continuous distribution of the substation

As previously mentioned, railway substations are usually assembled on site, from a set of cabinets delivered independently. The invention proposes a completely different approach, according to which certain functions of the substation are integrated in the same very compact assembly, forming a transportable monobloc assembly mounted on a single support. It can be delivered virtually ready for use, after being assembled and tested in the factory. Risks and costs are thus limited.

FIGS. 2A to 2E show several views of a particular embodiment of the invention:

Figure 2A: front view, closed doors;

Figure 2B: front view, open doors;

Figure 2C: rear view, open doors;

Figure 2D: top view;

figure 2E: view of the exploded system.

As can be seen in these figures, the invention is based in particular on the implementation of a single support 21, or skid, which receives all the elements (cabinets) necessary to perform the functions of the equipment described below. a substation. This skid 21 is advantageously equipped with two sleeves 22 _A and 22 _B , allowing the handling of the entire intelligent block of continuous distribution of the substation using a forklift, whose forks are received in these scabbards.

Thus, it is easy to move the entire intelligent block of continuous distribution of the substation, during assembly, and then to its place of installation. he it is sufficient to provide a flat reception surface so that the intelligent continuous distribution unit of the substation is permanently installed.

The intelligent continuous distribution block of a substation according to the invention is therefore a single, one-piece, compact and integrated system, transportable as a whole previously assembled and tested.

The intelligent continuous distribution block of the railway substation consists of several cabinets, which are grouped into three subsets:

subset I:

a cabinet 23 for rectification (RED) and automatic isolation sectioning (SIA);

subset II:

a cabinet 24 ultra high speed disjunction containing one or two ultrafast circuit breakers;

a cabinet 25 for severing traction;

- subset III:

a control cabinet 26;

a cell 27 for connecting the low voltage cables of all the equipment;

a low voltage general board (TGBT) 28.

6.2 insulation

According to the invention, specific isolations 29 _A and 29 _B are provided respectively between subsets I and II and between subsets II and III. These isolations 29 _A and 29 _B are obtained by two aspects:

providing an isolation distance in the air, for example at least 60 mm;

a U-shaped profile composed of a polyester resin matrix, with a mixed structure with glass masts and / or roving reinforced.

A third insulation _29c is provided between all the cabinets and the floor, and more precisely the skid 21. As illustrated in FIG. 14, this insulation is provided in two ways: providing an isolation distance in the air, for example of at least 60 mm;

insulators 141 associated with ventilation grills 142 of insulating material respecting the required level of insulation.

These isolations are also visible in the wiring diagram of the substation of FIG. 11.

Thus, the intelligent continuous distribution block of the substation of the invention incorporates, from the outset, the necessary insulation, without it being necessary to define and realize later, during its installation. These insulations are optimized, and tested, during manufacture.

6.3 ventilation

The intelligent continuous distribution block of the railway substation of the invention also provides a ventilation system, the air being able in particular to penetrate in the lower part by grids 210 (which advantageously also provide at least a portion of the insulation 29 _c ).

The air intake is performed by the bottom of the intelligent continuous distribution unit of the substation by the ventilation grids 210, made of a material respecting the Protection Index (IP) located between the SKID and the framework of cabinets, as illustrated more precisely in Figure 12.

In the upper part of the cabinets, ventilation 211 which will be described in more detail later are also provided. The air evacuation, in particular on the Rectifier / SIA, HARD, and Sectioning cabinets is carried out by the top of the cabinet, for example according to the technique illustrated in FIG. 13. The roof 131 is raised via a baffle system respecting the Required Protection Index (IP).

These ventilation openings in the lower part and in the upper part promote natural ventilation inside the unit.

6.4 factory assembly

All the interconnections between the different power equipment (RED, SIA, DUR, sectioning) are realized directly, in factory, on the system. The ranges provided for external connections may be as follows:

in the upper or lower part of the rectifier, for connection with the transformer. In the configuration with a connection at the top, it is also possible to make a "bar-type" connection, allowing the connection between the transformer and the rectifier; in the lower part for the output of the sectioning cabinet.

All low voltage interconnections between the control cabinet, the TGBT and the power equipment (RED, SIA, DUR, sectioning) are also made directly at the factory. The low voltage connections of the elements of the other elements of the substation can be made in the connection cell.

The insulations, provided in particular by the elements 29 _A , 29 _B and 29 _c are made and tested at the factory. The homogeneity between the various equipment also makes it possible to reduce the stock of spare parts, and to simplify maintenance. Indeed, the components of identical functions integrated in the cabinet are, preferably, and as far as possible, homogeneous.

The fact of performing the monoblock assembly at the factory allows all electrical, functional and interface tests between the elements to be carried out and validated at the factory. This increases security and reliability, and simplifies on-site installation and maintenance.

As can be noted in FIGS. 2A to 2E, the intelligent continuous distribution block of the substation has doors at least on the two longitudinal facades, and preferably on at least three walls, so as to facilitate access during maintenance.

6.5 electrical and functional structure

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a unifilar of the traction energy distribution provided by the invention. The AC low-voltage electric current 31 is supplied to the rectifier 32, which converts to a direct current, for example 750 volts. An automatic isolating switch 33, or motorized, provides insulation. Two ultra fast circuit breakers 34A and 34B provide protection, then the disconnection panel 35 provides distribution, to supply the two sections.

Functionally, the intelligent continuous distribution block of the substation of the invention comprises the elements illustrated in FIG. 4:

RED recovery;

automatic isolating switch SIA;

high speed circuit breaker DUR;

traction cutting SL;

- IST switch;

- TGBT;

Remote control.

Apart from the intelligent continuous distribution block of the substation of the invention itself appear the transformers TRT, and the control computer PCC.

6.6 constitution of cabinets

Each of the cabinets constituting the intelligent continuous distribution block of the railway substation of the invention will now be described in greater detail.

6.6.1 RED and SIA cabinet

structure

Figure 5 illustrates the cabinet 23 rectifying and isolation isolation switch, without its doors and walls.

This cabinet comprises a power compartment consisting of a bridge of six or twelve diodes 51, if necessary, filtering and smoothing elements upstream and / or downstream of the diode bridge 51, comprising for example a self 52, and a motorized pole switch 53.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the diode bridge 51 can be semi-withdrawable, that is to say it can be slid to allow its maintenance (replacing a diode, for example) after being disconnected upstream and downstream.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the disconnector 71 is advantageously motorized, using a motor 72, equipped with a manual emergency control 73.

This compartment may also include different measuring and / or protection devices.

The cabinet also includes a second control compartment, consisting of the actuator of the disconnector, and relaying means and protection.

functions

The function of the game of the diode bridge 51 is to convert the three-phase alternating input signal BT into a continuous output signal, corresponding to the consumption characteristics of a rail power supply network for the traction energy necessary for the operation of the rolling stock on the track. The diode bridges can be equipped with filters upstream, downstream and in parallel with the diodes, in order to reduce the harmonics, to avoid overvoltages when switching a diode, and to smooth the output signal. Measuring instruments are used to measure the voltage and current at the output of the rectifier.

A surge arrester element can be connected at the output of the rectifier, between the positive and negative poles.

The function of the disconnector is to isolate the upstream circuit (rectifier assembly) of the downstream circuit (set DUR + disconnector).

6.6.2 HARD Cabinet

- structure

The ultrafast disjunction cabinet 24 is illustrated in FIG. 8. More precisely, FIG. 8 represents one of the two cabinets present in the intelligent continuous distribution block of the substation of FIGS. 2A to 2E. This cabinet has three compartments:

- a circuit breaker compartment; a control / LV control compartment;

a busbar compartment.

The circuit breaker compartment 81 includes in particular an ultra fast circuit breaker, mounted on a removable trolley 811, which can take three distinct positions:

a disconnected position, in which the control and power parts are disconnected;

a test position, in which the power part is disconnected, and the control part remains connected, in order to allow tests to be performed on the ultra fast circuit breaker;

a plugged position, in which the control and power parts are connected.

A handle 812 makes it possible to control the movement of the carriage between the skewered and the withdrawn positions. This displacement can, for example, be performed by making two movements of a quarter of a turn using this handle.

As illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B, an indicator, or mechanical indicator is provided, indicating directly, and without requiring power supply, the position of the truck:

- Figure 9A: trolley unplugged: green indicator 91;

Figure 9B: Socked position: red indicator 91.

The carriage 811 controls, moreover, a flap 82 for access to the busbar 83 at the rear of the circuit breaker. This flap 82 has openings 821, allowing the passage of the bars when the carriage is in the skewed position. The flap 82 closes automatically when removing the circuit breaker. For this, the flap 82 is slidably movable vertically and connected to the carriage by a set of rods 84, so that the horizontal movement of the carriage simultaneously drives the vertical movement of the flap. The circuit breaker compartment also includes a mechanical locking mechanism of the carriage in the disconnected position, as well as a line test plate.

The control / LV compartment includes:

- a protection and control module;

a display on the front;

a relay and the associated protections.

The busbar compartment includes:

racking pliers (movable part on the removable rack); an upstream connection range;

a downstream connection range;

sensors for the detection of the value of the current and the voltage.

functions

Ultra-fast circuit breakers protect and isolate the overhead line section (power line below the rolling stock), against faults and possible overloads. In addition, they are locatable in local or remote mode, and allow the separation of upstream production parts and downstream distribution, by a removable drawer. They are secured by a mechanical lock, to allow any maintenance action on the electrical section safely. Finally, they are able to communicate with the circuit breakers of adjacent substations.

6.6.3 sectioning cabinet

- structure

Figure 10 schematically illustrates the sectioning cabinet 25. The cabinet includes in particular at most one motorized bypass switch (IST 101), and one to four manual disconnectors (SL 102). It may also include zero to two voltage presence plates, for driving the presence of DC voltage, zero to two disconnectable bars and / or zero to two arrester elements.

functions

The sectioning cabinet is used to supply the upstream and / or downstream electrical section (s). The disconnectors are disconnecting devices, to isolate or feed each electrical section of the substation. These line disconnectors are not manoeuvrable under load.

The remote-controlled emergency switch (IST) 101 allows two electrical sections to be connected, if necessary.

6.6.4 control / command cabinet

The control / control cabinet 26 comprises the control automation of the intelligent continuous distribution block and the railway substation. This cabinet can be equipped with control / control elements on the front of the cabinet, for example, in the form of a touch screen, and / or an optical sign with the necessary buttons and the corresponding lights.

6.6.5 TGBT

The TGBT 28 is equipped with the protection devices of the system and the equipment of the substation.

Claims

1. DC distribution block for a railway substation, comprising at least:

a rectifying cabinet, comprising a rectifier, able to receive an alternating current and delivering a direct current, combined with an isolation disconnector;

an ultra-fast disjunction cabinet;

a control / command cabinet of said distribution block and said substation;

a cable connection cabinet,

characterized in that said cabinets are assembled on a single movable support, in the form of three subsets separated two by two by first and second electrical insulation means:

a first subassembly comprising said recovery cabinet;

a third subassembly comprising said control / command cabinet, said low-voltage general board, and said cable connection cabinet,

and in that third electrical insulation means with respect to the ground are mounted between said mobile support and said subassemblies.

2. Distribution block according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second electrical insulation means comprise a profile of U having a polyester resin matrix, having a separation thickness between two of said subsets of at least 60 mm.

3. Distribution block according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said third insulation means comprise a set of insulators and / or ventilation grids of an insulating material, inserting a separation thickness between said sub-assemblies and said support of at least 60 mm.

4. Distribution block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said movable support present at least two sleeves for insertion of a fork of a forklift.

5. Distribution block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a dual ventilation system, on the one hand in the lower part at said third electrical insulation means and secondly in the upper part of at least some of said cabinets.

6. Distribution block according to claim 5, characterized in that the roof of at least the recovery cabinets, high-speed disjunction and sectioning is raised via a ventilation baffle system, having ventilation grids placed in removal of the vertical walls of said cabinets.

7. Distribution block according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said high-speed circuit breaker comprises at least one circuit breaker, comprising a power portion and a control portion, mounted on a removable trolley can take three distinct positions:

- a plugged position, wherein said power portion and said control portion are connected;

a withdrawn position, wherein said power portion and said control portion are disconnected; and a test position, wherein said power portion is disconnected but said control portion remains connected.

8. Distribution block according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a protective flap whose vertical movement is controlled by the horizontal displacement of said withdrawable carriage, via mechanical transmission means.

9. Distribution block according to any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that said carriage carries a mechanical indicator indicating the current position of said carriage.

10. Distribution block according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has a plurality of access doors distributed over at least the two longitudinal sides of said distribution block.