WO2014114239A1 - 一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014114239A1
WO2014114239A1 PCT/CN2014/071132 CN2014071132W WO2014114239A1 WO 2014114239 A1 WO2014114239 A1 WO 2014114239A1 CN 2014071132 W CN2014071132 W CN 2014071132W WO 2014114239 A1 WO2014114239 A1 WO 2014114239A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacity
station
beams
capacity station
dormant state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/071132
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴艺群
张舜卿
陈雁
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP14743493.0A priority Critical patent/EP2942998B1/en
Publication of WO2014114239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014114239A1/zh
Priority to US14/805,322 priority patent/US9674709B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/04—Traffic adaptive resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
    • H04W52/0206—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks in access points, e.g. base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for activating a capacity station by using a beam. Background technique
  • wireless communication services have evolved from low-rate voice services to high-rate multimedia data services.
  • cellular network operators actively apply wireless access technologies with higher capacity and transmission rate.
  • macro base stations with large transmit power to ensure network coverage.
  • Small cell sites with capacity enhancement are also deployed in hotspot areas according to the characteristics of service distribution to meet local high capacity and high data rate requirements.
  • the macro base station for the purpose of ensuring coverage is hereinafter referred to as a coverage station
  • the small base station for the purpose of capacity enhancement is a capacity station.
  • the energy consumption of cellular networks is becoming more and more concerned.
  • the energy consumption of base station equipment accounts for about 80% of the energy consumption of the entire cellular network. It is proposed to let some base stations go to sleep when the network load is low to reduce network energy consumption. The load of the actual network changes with time. When the network load is low, some capacity stations can be put into a sleep state to save energy. The load of these capacity stations is carried by other capacity stations or coverage stations; when the network load increases, These capacity stations can be reactivated to share the network load. As shown in the schematic diagram of the cellular network structure shown in FIG.
  • the load can be reduced to an appropriate level by activating the capacity stations in some areas.
  • the spatial distribution information of the load is obtained through signaling interaction between the coverage station, the capacity station, and the user, to determine whether to activate the capacity station at the corresponding location.
  • signaling interaction is often performed. All need to activate each capacity station, the frequent conversion of the status of the capacity station and the above signaling interaction will consume additional energy, which is of little help to reduce the network energy consumption. Therefore, there is a need for a solution that efficiently and accurately activates a capacity station and reduces network energy consumption while meeting network service requirements. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for activating a capacity station by using a beam, so as to enable an efficient and accurate activation of a capacity station, and reduce network energy consumption while meeting network service requirements.
  • the present invention provides a method for activating a capacity station by using a beam, which is characterized by comprising:
  • the set of the to-be-transmitted beam is set for the capacity station in the dormant state, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one beam;
  • the determined capacity station in the dormant state that needs to be activated is activated.
  • the setting, by the capacity station in a dormant state, the set of to-be-transmitted beams includes:
  • a set of beams pre-configured by the overlay station is set as a set of beams to be transmitted.
  • the location and the coverage area of the capacity station according to the dormant state are set for the capacity station in the dormant state
  • the set of beams to be transmitted including:
  • the beam corresponding to each capacity station in the dormant state constitutes the to-be-transmitted beam set; the coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state and the coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state The coverage areas of the corresponding beams are the same.
  • the location and the coverage area of the capacity station according to the sleep state are set for the capacity station in the sleep state
  • the set of beams to be transmitted including: When the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than the first preset threshold, a first set number of beams are preset for the sleepy capacity station, if the first set number of beams The second set number of beams is greater than the second preset threshold, and the first set number of beams constitutes the set of beams to be transmitted.
  • the location and the coverage area of the capacity station according to the dormant state are set for the sleepy capacity station
  • the set of beams to be transmitted including:
  • the sleep state When the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than the first preset threshold, if the number of the preset first set number of beams is less than the second preset threshold, and the sleep is in the sleep state a partial capacity station of the state constituting at least one capacity station cluster, a corresponding beam is set for each of the at least one capacity station cluster; and a second set number is set for the remaining capacity station in the sleep state Beam
  • each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster and the second set number of beams form a to-be-transmitted beam set; each of the at least one capacity station cluster
  • the coverage area is consistent with a coverage area of a beam corresponding to each of the at least one capacity station cluster;
  • the at least two capacity stations whose direction angle is smaller than the third preset threshold value Form a cluster of capacity stations.
  • the method further includes: expressing, by using an association matrix, a coverage relationship between the capacity station in a dormant state and a beam set to be transmitted;
  • the size of the correlation coefficient of the association matrix indicates that the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state overlaps with the coverage area of the beam corresponding to the capacity station in the dormant state in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the area of the area relative to the area of the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state.
  • the transmitting the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set includes:
  • the antennas of the coverage station are all installed in a central transmission tower of a cell within the coverage station, transmitting a beam in the set of to-be-transmitted beams through an antenna on a central transmission tower of the cell;
  • Antennas are arranged to be installed in at least one transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station, and a transmitting tower for transmitting a beam in the set of beams to be transmitted is determined from the at least one transmitting tower, and the determined transmitting tower is passed through the determined transmitting tower
  • the upper antenna transmits a beam in the set of beams to be transmitted.
  • the load information corresponding to the beam includes:
  • the load strength of the load in the coverage area of the beam in the beam set is obtained based on the received signal power of the beam set.
  • the coverage relationship between the capacity station according to the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set Determining the load station, determining the capacity station that needs to be activated in a dormant state, including: for any one of the beam sets, according to the load information of the any one of the beams, when it is required to activate the one of the beams corresponding to the dormant Obtaining a capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams in a sleep state when the capacity station of the state is in the state;
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for activating a capacity station by using a beam, which is characterized by comprising:
  • a first to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to: when the load of the coverage station is detected to be higher than a set value, set a to-be-transmitted beam set for the capacity station in a dormant state, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one Beam
  • a first beam transmitting unit configured to transmit a beam in the set of to-be-transmitted beams
  • a load information collecting unit configured to collect load information corresponding to a beam in the beam set
  • a first capacity station determining unit configured to perform, according to the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set Describe the load information, and determine the capacity station that needs to be activated in a dormant state
  • a capacity station activating unit configured to activate the determined capacity station in a dormant state to be activated by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated.
  • the first to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit includes: a second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit, configured to use, according to the location and coverage area of the capacity station in a dormant state, The capacity station in the dormant state sets the to-be-transmitted beam set; the third to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit is configured to set a pre-configured group of beams of the coverage station as a to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit includes:
  • a fourth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to: when the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is less than the first preset threshold, set a corresponding beam for each of the capacity stations in the dormant state, and And forming, by the beam corresponding to each capacity station in the dormant state, the beam to be transmitted;
  • the second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit includes:
  • a fifth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to preset a first set number of beams for the sleepy capacity station when the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than a first preset threshold And if the first set number of beams is greater than a second preset threshold, the first set number of beams is configured to form the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit includes:
  • a sixth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to: when the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than a first preset threshold, if the preset number of sets of the first set number of beams is smaller than the second Presetting a threshold value, and the partial capacity station in the dormant state constitutes at least one capacity station cluster, and setting a corresponding beam for each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster; and being in the sleep state a remaining capacity station of the state sets a second set number of beams; and forms a beam corresponding to each of the at least one capacity station cluster and the second set number of beams to form a beam set to be transmitted
  • each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster is consistent with the coverage area of a beam corresponding to each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster;
  • the at least two capacity stations whose direction angle is smaller than the third preset threshold value Form a cluster of capacity stations.
  • the device further includes:
  • a coverage relationship indicating unit configured to represent, by the correlation matrix, a coverage relationship between the capacity station in a dormant state and a beam set to be transmitted;
  • the size of the correlation coefficient of the association matrix indicates that the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state overlaps with the coverage area of the beam corresponding to the capacity station in the dormant state in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the area of the area relative to the area of the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state.
  • a second beam transmitting unit configured to: if the antenna of the coverage station is all installed in a central transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station, transmit, by using an antenna on a central transmitting tower of the cell, the set of to-be-transmitted beams Beam
  • a transmitting tower determining unit configured to determine, from the at least one transmitting tower, for transmitting, in the set of to-be-transmitted beams, if an antenna of the coverage station is installed in at least one transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station Beam tower
  • a third beam transmitting unit configured to transmit, by using the antenna on the determined transmitting tower, the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the load information collecting unit includes: a power detecting unit, Detecting, by the set of beams, a received signal power of the set of beams;
  • a load strength obtaining unit configured to acquire, according to the received signal power of the beam set, a load strength of a load in a coverage area of the beam in the beam set.
  • the first capacity station determining unit includes:
  • a capacity station acquiring unit configured to acquire, according to load information of any one of the beam sets, the load information of the any one of the beams, when the capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams needs to be activated a beam corresponding to a sleepy capacity station;
  • a determining unit configured to determine whether an adjacent beam of the any one of the beams needs to activate a capacity station in a dormant state corresponding to the adjacent beam
  • an adjacent beam acquiring unit configured to: if the determining unit determines that the adjacent beam of the any one of the beams needs to activate the capacity station corresponding to the adjacent beam, the acquiring needs to activate the adjacent An adjacent beam of the capacity station corresponding to the sleep state of the beam;
  • a calculating unit configured to calculate, for each of the capacity stations in the dormant state corresponding to the any one of the beams, the adjacent beam and the adjacent beam of the capacity station in the dormant state corresponding to the adjacent beam to be activated The sum of the correlation coefficients;
  • a selection unit configured to select, from a capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams, a capacity station that has the largest sum of the correlation coefficients and is in a dormant state, and the capacity of the sleep state that needs to be activated for any one of the beams Station
  • a second capacity station determining unit configured to determine a correlation coefficient of any one of the beams if the determining unit determines that the adjacent beams of the one of the beams do not need to activate the capacity station corresponding to the adjacent beam and is in a dormant state
  • the largest dormant capacity station is the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated for any of the beams.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cellular network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional beam
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the SBS scheme
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the AAS scheme
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of a method for activating a capacity station using a beam according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of a method for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station provided by the present invention shown in FIG. A flow chart of a further refinement of the embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart of a method for further refinement of step S201;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a cluster of capacity stations
  • FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a receiver that implements determining the load strength of each beam by the overlay station
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for further refining step S204;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an apparatus for activating a capacity station using a beam according to the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing a further refinement of an embodiment of an apparatus for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station provided by the present invention shown in Figure 11. detailed description
  • the first technical solution is an activation scheme based on the interference over thermal noise (IoT) of the capacity station measurement proposed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
  • the steps of the solution are as follows: Step 1: When the coverage station detects that the load is high, it requires all the capacity stations in the coverage area to measure and put on the JoT.
  • Step 2 The coverage station determines which capacity stations need to be activated according to the IoT size reported by the capacity station, and which capacity stations do not need to be activated.
  • Step 3 The coverage station sends an activation request to the capacity station that needs to be activated according to the decision result of step two, and the capacity station that does not need to be activated continues to remain in the sleep state.
  • the solution first turns on the wireless receiving devices of all capacity stations to measure the size of the IoT. If the capacity station does not need to be activated, it goes back to sleep. Since each judgment needs to activate all the capacity stations that are in the dormant state, and usually only need to activate a few capacity stations to reduce the network load to an appropriate level, most of the capacity stations will re-enter the sleep state. When the network load is ready When the dynamic changes, the scheme will cause the capacity station to frequently change state. Since the state transition of the capacity station takes a certain amount of time, additional energy is consumed during this time. Frequent conversions of the capacity station state will consume additional energy, affecting the overall energy savings.
  • measuring the IoT size as a basis for determining whether to activate the capacity station may result in an erroneous activation decision.
  • the IoT values measured by the capacity stations will affect each other when the distances of the multiple capacity stations are very close, so it is possible for the solution to activate multiple capacity stations that are close together at the same time, and the actual optimal strategy may only need to activate one of the capacity. station.
  • the second technical solution is an activation scheme based on the transmission of the pilot signal by the capacity station proposed by the R3-110737 proposal of 3GPP, and the steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 When the coverage station detects that the load is high, it notifies all the capacity stations in the coverage area that the sleep station transmits the pilot signal.
  • Step 2 The coverage station configures some or all users to measure and report the pilot signals sent by the capacity station.
  • Step 3 The coverage station determines which capacity stations need to be activated according to the number of handover events reported by the user for each capacity station, and which capacity stations do not need to be activated.
  • Step 4 The coverage station sends an activation request to the capacity station that needs to be activated according to the decision result of step three, and the capacity station that does not need to be activated remains in the sleep state.
  • the solution needs to turn on the transmitting devices of all capacity stations in order to transmit pilot signals. If the capacity station does not need to be activated, it goes back to sleep. This has the potential to cause frequent shifts in the state of the capacity station, consuming additional energy and affecting the overall energy savings. In addition, sending a pilot signal and letting the user report the number of handover events will generate additional signaling overhead and consume system resources.
  • the third technical solution is a technical solution for cell activation based on user geographic location information, which is proposed in US Patent Publication No. US 2012/0142328 A1, issued on Jun. 7, 2012, the disclosure of which is as follows:
  • Step 1 When the coverage station detects that the load is high, configure some or all users to report the geographic location information.
  • Step 2 The coverage station determines which capacity stations need to be activated according to the geographical location information reported by the user, and which capacity stations do not need to be activated.
  • Step 3 The coverage station sends an activation request to the capacity station that needs to be activated according to the judgment result of step 2, and the capacity station that does not need to be activated continues to remain in the sleep state.
  • the program requires users to provide geographic location information. Although geographic location information is more common in current mobile devices, obtaining real-time and accurate geographic location information is still difficult. First of all, the positioning accuracy of the mobile device is not affected by the positioning mode of the device. For example, the positioning of the global positioning system cannot be utilized indoors, and the accuracy of other positioning methods is limited. Secondly, users are not willing to provide geographic location information for their own privacy considerations, and users need additional energy and signaling overhead to measure and report geographic location information in real time. Finally, due to factors such as shadow fading, reflection, and refraction, the location of the nearest location is not necessarily optimal for the user, which increases the difficulty of determining the activation of the capacity station.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for activating a capacity station by using a beam.
  • by setting a beam set to be transmitted for a capacity station in a dormant state by transmitting a beam in a beam set to be transmitted.
  • Collecting load information, determining the capacity station to be activated and activating according to the coverage relationship of the capacity station and the to-be-transmitted beam set and the load information in the dormant state can activate the capacity station efficiently and accurately, while satisfying the network service demand Reduce network energy consumption.
  • the present invention utilizes beamforming techniques to produce the desired beam.
  • Beamforming technology uses the wave interference principle to produce a directional radiation pattern that allows wireless devices to transmit and receive signals directionalally in three-dimensional space. Specifically, when different antennas in the antenna array transmit or receive signals, a gain amplification signal with different amplitudes and phases is used, that is, a three-dimensional beam as shown in FIG. 2 can be formed, wherein the azimuth and width of the beam depend on the gain parameters of the antennas. Settings. Since beamforming technology can effectively reduce signal dead zones, improve the quality of useful signals, and suppress interference signals, it has been widely used in current cellular network systems. Beamforming techniques are commonly used to transmit and receive user data, and in the present invention will be used to assist the capacity station in making activation decisions.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an SBS scheme. As shown in FIG. 3, the SBS scheme pre-designs a set of beams with fixed beam direction angles and widths, and switches between predetermined beams to select the strongest beam when transmitting or receiving user data.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the AAS scheme, as shown in Figure 4, AAS By adjusting the gain of the different antennas, the beam direction angle and width are dynamically designed such that the beam peaks are aligned with the user. Compared with the two, the SBS solution achieves a single operation and low overhead.
  • the performance of the AAS solution is not optimal because the beam peak is not aligned with the user.
  • the AAS solution has high complexity and high overhead, and the performance is optimal when the beam peak is aligned with the user.
  • the SBS scheme can be regarded as a special case of the AAS scheme, that is, the beam parameters are selected from a set of fixed parameter sets to obtain a set of beams with fixed direction angles and widths.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method of an embodiment of a method for activating a capacity station using a beam according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:
  • step S101 when it is detected that the load of the coverage station is higher than the set value, the to-be-transmitted beam set is set for the capacity station in the dormant state, wherein the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one beam.
  • the network scenario of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1.
  • the coverage station provides basic network coverage, and the capacity station is deployed in a hotspot area within the coverage area of the coverage station for capacity enhancement and is completely covered by the coverage station.
  • the capacity station activation is performed by the method of the present embodiment.
  • the overlay station and the capacity station can use the same system or different systems.
  • the set of to-be-transmitted beams is set for the capacity station in the sleep state.
  • the set of to-be-transmitted beams includes at least one beam.
  • the set of beams to be transmitted needs to cover all the capacity stations that are in a dormant state.
  • the coverage station is configured with AAS or SBS to adaptively form the above beams.
  • the coverage station when the coverage station is configured as an AAS, the coverage station knows the location of all the capacity stations, the coverage area, and whether it is in a sleep state. According to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state, the to-be-transmitted beam set is set for the capacity station in the dormant state, wherein the direction angle and the width of the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set can be dynamically adjusted by configuring the antenna gain.
  • a set of pre-configured beams of the SBS of the coverage station is set as a set of to-be-transmitted beams.
  • the difference between the present embodiment and the coverage station configured with the AAS is that the coverage station does not.
  • the set of to-be-transmitted beams is set for the capacity station in the dormant state, and the pre-configured beams in the SBS of the coverage station are directly utilized, and the following other steps are the same or similar.
  • Step S102 Transmit a beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set is transmitted by the antenna of the coverage station, and the transmission mode of the beam can be adopted by an existing transmission mode, and details are not described herein again.
  • the antennas of the coverage stations are all installed in the central transmission tower of the cell within the coverage station, and the coverage station transmits the beams in the set of to-be-transmitted beams through the antennas on the central transmission tower of the cell.
  • the antenna distribution of the coverage station is installed in at least one transmission tower of the cell within the coverage station, and the coverage station determines from at least one of the transmission towers the transmission for transmitting the beam in the set of beams to be transmitted a tower, and transmitting a beam in the set of beams to be transmitted through an antenna on the determined tower.
  • Step S103 Collect load information corresponding to a beam in the beam set.
  • the coverage station transmits the beam in the beam combination to be transmitted, and the beamforming technology can directionally collect the load information corresponding to the beam in the beam set, the load information including the spatial position and the load strength of the load.
  • the directionality of the beam collecting load information that is, when the coverage station uses the beam to transmit the signal, only the load user within the coverage of the corresponding capacity station can receive the signal.
  • the coverage station uses the beam to receive the signal, only the coverage station can use the beam to receive the signal. Receiving a signal sent by a load user in a coverage area corresponding to the capacity station.
  • Step S104 Determine, according to the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set, and the load information, determine a capacity station in a dormant state that needs to be activated.
  • Step S105 Activating, by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated, the determined capacity station that needs to be activated to be in a dormant state.
  • the beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated may be determined, and the determined beam activation corresponding to the activated dormant state is used. Capacity station.
  • a method for activating a capacity station by using a beam by setting a beam set to be transmitted for a capacity station in a dormant state, collecting load information by transmitting a beam in a beam set to be transmitted, according to a sleep state
  • the coverage relationship between the capacity station and the set of beams to be transmitted is And the load information, determine the capacity station that needs to be activated and activate, can activate the capacity station efficiently and accurately, and reduce the network energy consumption while meeting the network service demand.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a further refinement of an embodiment of a method for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station provided by the present invention shown in FIG. 5. As shown in Figure 6, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S201 When it is detected that the load of the coverage station is higher than the set value, set the to-be-transmitted beam set for the capacity station in the dormant state according to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state, where And the at least one beam is included in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the network scenario of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1.
  • the coverage station provides basic network coverage, and the capacity station is deployed in a hotspot area within the coverage area of the coverage station for capacity enhancement and is completely covered by the coverage station.
  • the capacity station activation is performed by the method of the present embodiment.
  • the overlay station and the capacity station can use the same system or different systems.
  • the coverage station is configured as AAS, and the direction angle and width of the beam can be dynamically adjusted by configuring the antenna gain.
  • the coverage station knows the location, coverage area and whether it is in the sleep state of all capacity stations. When it is detected that the load of the coverage station is higher than the set value, some capacity stations in the sleep state need to be activated to share the load of the coverage station. Therefore, And setting a to-be-transmitted beam set for the capacity station in the dormant state according to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one beam.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the method of further refinement of step S201. As shown in FIG. 7, this step S201 includes the following steps:
  • step S2011 it is determined whether the number of capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than a preset threshold T1. If no, the process goes to step S2012; otherwise, the process goes to step S2013.
  • This step is used to determine the number of capacity stations in the sleep state, and a threshold T1 is set in advance. If the number of capacity stations in the sleep state is small, less than the threshold T1, in order to implement the beam setting, the process goes to The setting is made in step S2012; otherwise, the process goes to step S2013.
  • Step S2012 setting a corresponding beam for each capacity station in the dormant state, and a beam corresponding to a coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state and a coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state.
  • the coverage area is consistent.
  • a corresponding beam is set for each capacity station in the dormant state, and each capacity station in the dormant state is set.
  • the coverage area of the beam corresponds to the coverage area i of the beam corresponding to the coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state.
  • Step S2013 presetting a first set number of beams for the capacity station in the dormant state.
  • a first set number of beams are preset for the capacity station in the sleep state, and the preset first set number of beams can cover all the capacity stations of the coverage station in the sleep state.
  • step S2014 it is determined whether the preset number of sets of the first set number of beams is less than a preset threshold T2. If yes, the process goes to step S2015; otherwise, the process goes to step S2016.
  • a preset threshold T2 is set. If the number of the first set number of beams set in advance is less than the threshold T2, the process goes to step S2015, so that the set is to be set. The number of the transmitted beams is small, and the overhead of the beam setting is reduced. Otherwise, the number of the first set number of beams set in advance is greater than the threshold T2, and the number is larger.
  • the process goes to step S2016, directly The set of beams to be transmitted is constructed with a first set number of beams.
  • Step S2015 the partial capacity station in the dormant state constitutes at least one capacity station cluster, and a corresponding beam is set for each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster; and the remaining capacity in the sleep state
  • the station sets a second set number of beams; wherein if the direction angles of the at least two capacity stations in the sleepy capacity station are less than a preset threshold T3, the direction angle is smaller than the third preset At least two capacity stations of the threshold form a cluster of capacity stations.
  • the number of capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than the threshold T1 and less than the threshold T2, that is, the number of capacity stations in the sleep state is centered.
  • a cluster of capacity stations consisting of a plurality of similarly occupied capacity stations uses one beam, as shown in FIG.
  • determining whether the capacity stations in the dormant state can constitute a capacity station cluster determining whether there are at least two capacity stations in the capacity station in the sleep state has a direction angle smaller than a preset threshold T3, and if yes, the direction angle is smaller than At least two capacity stations of the third preset threshold form a cluster of capacity stations.
  • the partial capacity stations in the dormant state constitute at least one capacity station cluster, which is at least one capacity station
  • Each of the capacity station clusters in the cluster is provided with a corresponding beam, and a coverage area of each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster is consistent with a coverage area of a beam corresponding to each capacity station cluster in the at least one capacity station cluster;
  • setting a second set number of beams for the remaining capacity stations in the dormant state the setting is the beam setting of the SBS system, and setting a fixed number of beams for the remaining capacity stations in the dormant state.
  • a beam corresponding to each of the at least one capacity station cluster and a second set number of beams form a set of beams to be transmitted.
  • Step S2016 forming the first set number of beams to form the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • This setting is the beam setting of the SBS system, which sets a fixed number of beams for all the capacity stations in the sleep state.
  • Step S202 the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set is represented by an association matrix.
  • the size of the correlation coefficient of the association matrix indicates: the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state. And an area of an overlapping area of a coverage area of a beam corresponding to the capacity station of the sleepy state in the set of to-be-transmitted beams, a ratio of an area of a coverage area of the capacity station in the sleep state.
  • the coverage relationship between the two can be obtained.
  • the coverage relationship is represented by an association matrix.
  • Table 1 is an association matrix. As shown in Table 1, each row of the matrix corresponds to one capacity station, and each column corresponds to one beam. The elements of the correlation matrix are called correlation coefficients.
  • the size of the correlation coefficient indicates: the capacity station in the sleep state The area of the overlapping area of the coverage area and the coverage area of the beam of the capacity station corresponding to the sleepy state in the set of to-be-transmitted beams, relative to the area of the coverage area of the capacity station in the sleep state.
  • the association matrix may be a 0-1 matrix, that is, when the capacity station is in the beam coverage area, the corresponding correlation coefficient is 1, otherwise 0.
  • the correlation coefficient may also be a continuous variable, which is used to indicate the effect of load transfer after the capacity station is activated.
  • Step S203 Transmit a beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set is transmitted by the antenna of the coverage station, and the transmission mode of the beam can be used in the existing transmission mode, and details are not described herein.
  • the antennas of the coverage stations are all installed in the central transmission tower of the cell within the coverage station, and the coverage station transmits the beams in the set of to-be-transmitted beams through the antennas on the central transmission tower of the cell.
  • the antenna distribution of the coverage station is installed in at least one transmission tower of the cell within the coverage station, and the coverage station determines from at least one of the transmission towers the transmission for transmitting the beam in the set of beams to be transmitted a tower, and transmitting a beam in the set of beams to be transmitted through an antenna on the determined tower.
  • Step S204 Collect load information corresponding to a beam in the beam set.
  • the coverage station transmits the beam in the beam combination to be transmitted, and the beamforming technology can directionally collect the load information corresponding to the beam in the beam set, the load information including the spatial position and the load strength of the load.
  • the directionality of the beam collecting load information that is, when the coverage station uses the beam to transmit the signal, only the load user within the coverage of the corresponding capacity station can receive the signal.
  • the coverage station uses the beam to receive the signal, only the coverage station can use the beam to receive the signal. Receiving a signal sent by a load user in a coverage area corresponding to the capacity station.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a receiver that implements a determination of each beam load strength by a coverage station.
  • the activation determination program 101 sets the beam parameters through the controller 102, and detects the received signal power of the corresponding beam through the power detection module 107 to determine the load in the beam coverage area. Strength. It should be noted that this method does not affect the signal detection module 106 of the overlay station to demodulate the user data.
  • the baseband signal in the buffer passes through the original received signal path to obtain the user data required to cover the station. Therefore, the above implementation block diagram only needs to partially increase the complexity of the receiver without any modification to other parts of the system, including control signaling procedures, user terminal equipment, and the like.
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method for further refining step S204. As shown in FIG. 10, according to the receiver shown in FIG. 9, step S204 includes the following steps:
  • Step S2041 Detect the received signal power of the beam set by using the beam set.
  • the overlay station transmits the beam in the beam set, and at the same time, receives the signal returned by the load through the beam set by the receiver shown in Fig. 9, and the power detecting module 107 detects the received signal power of the beam set.
  • Step S2042 Acquire a load strength of a load in a coverage area of the beam in the beam set according to the received signal power of the beam set.
  • the power detection module 107 acquires the load strength of the load in the coverage area of the beam in the beam set based on the received signal power of the beam set, and returns it to the activation determination program 101 for activation decision.
  • the following steps S205-S210 are used to determine the capacity station in the dormant state that needs to be activated according to the coverage relationship and the load information of the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • Step S205 Acquire, according to the load information of any one of the beam sets, the load corresponding to the one of the beams, when the capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams needs to be activated, obtain the corresponding one of the beams A capacity station that is in a dormant state.
  • the capacity stations corresponding to the dormant state of some beams need to be activated, and the capacity stations corresponding to the dormant state of some beams do not need to be activated, therefore, for the beam set Any one of the beams, according to the load information of any one of the beams, determines whether it needs to activate the capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams, and when it is determined to be YES, acquires the capacity station corresponding to the any one of the beams. .
  • Step S206 determining whether the adjacent beam of the any one of the beams needs to activate the capacity station corresponding to the adjacent beam in the dormant state. If yes, go to step S207; otherwise, go to step S210.
  • step S205 it is determined whether all adjacent beams of any one beam are needed.
  • the capacity station in the sleep state corresponding to the adjacent beam is activated, and if yes, the process goes to step S207, otherwise, the process goes to step S210.
  • the adjacent beam refers to all beams adjacent to any of the beam spatial locations.
  • Step S207 Acquire an adjacent beam of the capacity station that needs to activate the adjacent beam corresponding to the sleep state.
  • step S206 if any one of the beams needs to activate adjacent beams of the capacity stations corresponding to the adjacent beams, the adjacent beams are acquired.
  • Step S208 Calculate, for each of the capacity stations in the dormant state corresponding to the any one of the beams, a correlation coefficient between the any one of the beam and the adjacent beam of the capacity station corresponding to the adjacent beam that needs to activate the adjacent beam. Sum.
  • any one of the beams is B1 and its adjacent beam is B2.
  • there may be more than one adjacent beam which is merely an example.
  • the capacity stations corresponding to the beam B1 in the dormant state are #1, #2, #3, #4, and #5, and the correlation coefficients of the corresponding B1 and B2 are respectively calculated for each of the capacity stations in the sleep state corresponding to the beam B1.
  • the sum of the correlation coefficients of the #1 capacity station is 0.8
  • the sum of the correlation coefficients of the #2 capacity station is 1
  • the sum of the correlation coefficients of the #3 capacity station is 1.3
  • the sum of the correlation coefficients of the #4 capacity station The sum of the correlation coefficients of the 1 and #5 capacity stations is 0.8.
  • Step S209 Select, from the capacity stations corresponding to any one of the beams, a capacity station that has the largest sum of the correlation coefficients and is in a dormant state as a capacity station in which the any one of the beams needs to be active.
  • the #3 capacity station having the largest sum of correlation coefficients is selected as the capacity station to be activated by the beam B1.
  • Step S210 Determine that the capacity station in the sleep state with the largest correlation coefficient of any one of the beams is the capacity station in the sleep state that needs to be activated for any one of the beams.
  • step S206 if there is no adjacent beam of the capacity station that needs to activate the adjacent beam corresponding to the adjacent beam, the capacity station that determines the largest correlation coefficient of the any beam is in the sleep state.
  • the beam requires an active, sleepy capacity station.
  • H does not have any one beam as B1
  • the capacity stations corresponding to the sleep state of beam B1 are #1, #2, #3, #4, and #5 and these capacity stations.
  • beam The correlation coefficients of Bl are 0.8, 1, 0.7, 0, and 0, respectively, and it is determined that the #2 capacity station is the capacity station in the sleep state that needs to be activated for beam B1.
  • Step S211 The determined capacity station in the sleep state that needs to be activated is activated by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the capacity station in the dormant state that needs to be activated.
  • the determined capacity station that needs to be activated is in a dormant state, and the corresponding beam may be one beam or multiple adjacent beams.
  • the determined capacity station in the sleep state that needs to be activated is activated by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated.
  • a method for activating a capacity station by using a beam by setting a beam set to be transmitted for a capacity station in a dormant state, collecting load information by transmitting a beam in a beam set to be transmitted, according to a sleep state
  • the coverage relationship between the capacity station and the beam set to be transmitted and the load information are selected to activate the capacity station that can most effectively load the coverage station, and the capacity station can be activated efficiently and accurately to meet the network service requirements. At the same time reduce network energy consumption.
  • the present invention also correspondingly provides an apparatus for activating a capacity station using a beam.
  • Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of an apparatus for activating a capacity station using a beam according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 11, the device includes:
  • the first to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 201 is configured to: when detecting that the load of the coverage station is higher than a set value, set a to-be-transmitted beam set for the capacity station in the dormant state, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least One beam.
  • the network scenario of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1.
  • the coverage station provides basic network coverage, and the capacity station is deployed in a hotspot area within the coverage area of the coverage station for capacity enhancement and is completely covered by the coverage station.
  • the capacity station activation is performed by the method of the present embodiment.
  • the overlay station and the capacity station can use the same system or different systems.
  • the station sets a beam set to be transmitted, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one beam.
  • the set of to-be-transmitted beams needs to cover all the capacity stations that are in a dormant state.
  • Overlay The cover station is configured with AAS or SBS, and the above beams can be adaptively formed.
  • the first to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 201 may include a second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit and a third to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit.
  • a second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to set the to-be-transmitted beam set for the sleepy-capable capacity station according to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state.
  • the coverage station knows the location, coverage area, and whether it is in a sleep state for all capacity stations.
  • a set of to-be-transmitted beams is set for the capacity station in the sleep state, wherein the direction angle and width of the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set can be dynamically adjusted by configuring the antenna gain.
  • a third to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit configured to set a pre-configured group of beams of the coverage station as a to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the coverage station is configured as an SBS
  • the pre-configured group of beams of the SBS of the coverage station is set as the set of beams to be transmitted.
  • the difference between the embodiment and the coverage station configured with the AAS is that the coverage station is no longer based on the capacity in the sleep state.
  • the location and coverage area of the station, the set of to-be-transmitted beams is set for the capacity station in the dormant state, and the pre-configured beams in the SBS of the coverage station are directly utilized, and the other functional modules below are the same or similar.
  • the first beam transmitting unit 202 is configured to transmit a beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set is transmitted by the antenna of the coverage station, and the transmission mode of the beam can be used in the existing transmission mode, and details are not described herein.
  • the first beam transmitting unit 202 includes a second beam transmitting unit, a transmitting tower determining unit, and a third beam transmitting unit.
  • a second beam transmitting unit configured to: if the antenna of the coverage station is all installed in a central transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station, transmit, by using an antenna on a central transmitting tower of the cell, the set of to-be-transmitted beams Beam.
  • a transmitting tower determining unit configured to determine, from the at least one transmitting tower, for transmitting, in the set of to-be-transmitted beams, if an antenna of the coverage station is installed in at least one transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station The tower of the beam.
  • a third beam transmitting unit configured to transmit, by using the antenna on the determined transmitting tower, a beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the load information collecting unit 203 is configured to collect load information corresponding to the beam in the beam set.
  • the coverage station transmits the beam in the beam combination to be transmitted, and the beamforming technology can be used to directionally collect the load information corresponding to the beam in the beam set, where the load information includes the spatial position of the load and the load strength.
  • the directionality of the beam collecting load information that is, when the coverage station uses the beam to transmit the signal, only the load user within the coverage of the corresponding capacity station can receive the signal.
  • the coverage station uses the beam to receive the signal, only the coverage station can use the beam to receive the signal. Receiving a signal sent by a load user in a coverage area corresponding to the capacity station.
  • the first capacity station determining unit 204 is configured to determine, according to the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set and the load information, a capacity station in a dormant state that needs to be activated.
  • the capacity station activating unit 205 is configured to activate the determined capacity station in the dormant state to be activated by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the tolerant capacity station that needs to be activated.
  • the beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated may be determined, and the determined beam activation corresponding to the activated dormant state is used. Capacity station.
  • a device for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station by setting a beam set to be transmitted for a capacity station in a dormant state, collecting load information by transmitting a beam in a beam set to be transmitted, according to a sleep state
  • the coverage relationship between the capacity station and the beam set to be transmitted and the load information, determining the capacity station to be activated and activating can activate the capacity station efficiently and accurately, and reduce the network energy consumption while meeting the network service demand.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing a further refinement of an embodiment of an apparatus for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station provided by the present invention shown in Figure 11. As shown in Figure 12, the device includes:
  • a second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 206 configured to: when detecting that the load of the coverage station is higher than a set value, according to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the sleep state, being the capacity station in the sleep state Setting the to-be-transmitted beam set, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes At least one beam.
  • the network scenario of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1.
  • the coverage station provides basic network coverage, and the capacity station is deployed in a hotspot area within the coverage area of the coverage station for capacity enhancement and is completely covered by the coverage station.
  • the capacity station activation is performed by the method of the present embodiment.
  • the overlay station and the capacity station can use the same system or different systems.
  • the coverage station is configured as AAS, and the direction angle and width of the beam can be dynamically adjusted by configuring the antenna gain.
  • the coverage station knows the location, coverage area and whether it is in the sleep state of all capacity stations. When it is detected that the load of the coverage station is higher than the set value, some capacity stations in the sleep state need to be activated to share the load of the coverage station. Therefore, And setting a to-be-transmitted beam set for the capacity station in the dormant state according to the location and the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state, where the to-be-transmitted beam set includes at least one beam.
  • the second to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 206 includes: a fourth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2061, a fifth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2062, and a sixth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2063.
  • the fourth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2061 is configured to: when the number of the capacity stations in the dormant state is less than the first preset threshold, set a corresponding beam for each of the capacity stations in the dormant state, And forming, by the beam corresponding to each capacity station in the dormant state, the beam set to be transmitted; wherein, the coverage area of each capacity station in the dormant state and each capacity station in the dormant state The coverage areas of the beams corresponding to the coverage area are the same.
  • a fifth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2062 configured to preset a first set number of the capacity stations in the sleep state when the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than the first preset threshold a beam, if the first set number of beams is greater than a second preset threshold, forming the first set number of beams to form the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • a sixth to-be-transmitted beam set setting unit 2063 configured to: when the number of the capacity stations in the sleep state is greater than the first preset threshold, if the number of the preset first set number of beams is smaller than the first a preset threshold value, and the part of the capacity stations in the dormant state constitutes at least one capacity station cluster, and a corresponding beam is set for each of the at least one capacity station cluster; And setting a second set number of beams for the remaining capacity stations in the dormant state; and forming a beam corresponding to each of the at least one capacity station cluster and the second set number of beams a set of to-be-transmitted beams; wherein, a coverage area of each of the at least one capacity station clusters is consistent with a coverage area of a beam corresponding to each of the at least one capacity station cluster;
  • the direction angles of the at least two capacity stations in the sleepy state are all smaller than the third preset threshold, and the at least two capacity stations whose direction angle is less than the third prese
  • the coverage relationship indicating unit 207 is configured to represent the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set by an association matrix, where the size of the correlation coefficient of the association matrix indicates: the sleeping state The area of the overlapping area of the coverage area of the capacity station and the coverage area of the beam corresponding to the capacity of the capacity station in the to-be-transmitted beam set, relative to the area of the coverage area of the capacity station in the sleep state proportion.
  • the coverage relationship between the two can be obtained.
  • the coverage relationship is represented by an association matrix.
  • Table 1 is an association matrix. As shown in Table 1, each row of the matrix corresponds to one capacity station, and each column corresponds to one beam. The elements of the correlation matrix are called correlation coefficients.
  • the size of the correlation coefficient indicates: an area of the overlapping area of the coverage area of the capacity station in the dormant state and the coverage area of the beam corresponding to the capacity station in the to-be-transmitted beam set, relative to The proportion of the area of the coverage area of the capacity station that is in a dormant state.
  • the association matrix may be a 0-1 matrix, that is, when the capacity station is in the beam coverage area, the corresponding correlation coefficient is 1, otherwise 0.
  • the correlation coefficient may also be a continuous variable, which is used to indicate the effect of load transfer after the capacity station is activated.
  • the first beam transmitting unit 202 is configured to transmit a beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set is transmitted by the antenna of the coverage station, and the transmission mode of the beam can be adopted by an existing transmission mode, and details are not described herein again. It is worth noting that, depending on the configuration of the antenna of the coverage station, it can be divided into two types: centralized and distributed antenna systems.
  • the first beam transmitting unit 202 includes a second beam transmitting unit, a transmitting tower determining unit, and a third beam transmitting unit.
  • a second beam transmitting unit configured to: if the antenna of the coverage station is all installed in a central transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station, transmit, by using an antenna on a central transmitting tower of the cell, the set of to-be-transmitted beams Beam.
  • a transmitting tower determining unit configured to determine, from the at least one transmitting tower, for transmitting, in the set of to-be-transmitted beams, if an antenna of the coverage station is installed in at least one transmitting tower of a cell in the coverage station The tower of the beam.
  • a third beam transmitting unit configured to transmit, by using the antenna on the determined transmitting tower, the beam in the to-be-transmitted beam set.
  • the load information collecting unit 203 is configured to collect load information corresponding to a beam in the beam set.
  • the coverage station transmits the beam in the beam combination to be transmitted, and the beamforming technology can directionally collect the load information corresponding to the beam in the beam set, the load information including the spatial position and the load strength of the load.
  • the directionality of the beam collecting load information that is, when the coverage station uses the beam to transmit the signal, only the load user within the coverage of the corresponding capacity station can receive the signal.
  • the coverage station uses the beam to receive the signal, only the coverage station can use the beam to receive the signal. Receiving a signal sent by a load user in a coverage area corresponding to the capacity station.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a receiver that implements determining the load strength of each beam by the overlay station.
  • the activation determination program 101 sets the beam parameters through the controller 102, and detects the received signal power of the corresponding beam through the power detection module 107 to determine the load strength in the beam coverage area. It should be noted that this method does not affect the signal detection module 106 of the overlay station to demodulate the user data.
  • the baseband signal in the buffer passes through the original receive signal path to obtain the user data needed to cover the station. Therefore, the above implementation block diagram only needs to partially increase the complexity of the receiver without any modification to other parts of the system, including control signaling procedures, user terminal equipment, and the like.
  • the load information collecting unit 203 may include: a power detecting unit 2031 and a load strength acquiring unit 2032. specifically:
  • the power detecting unit 2031 is configured to detect, by using the beam set, a received signal power of the beam set.
  • the coverage station transmits the beam in the beam set, and at the same time, receives the signal returned by the load through the beam set by the receiver shown in FIG. 9, and the power detection module 107 detects the received signal power of the beam set.
  • the load strength obtaining unit 2032 is configured to acquire, according to the received signal power of the beam set, a load strength of a load in a coverage area of the beam in the beam set.
  • the power detection module 107 acquires the load strength of the load in the coverage area of the beam in the beam set based on the received signal power of the beam set, and returns it to the activation determination program 101 for activation decision.
  • the first capacity station determining unit 204 is configured to determine, according to the coverage relationship between the capacity station in the dormant state and the to-be-transmitted beam set and the load information, a capacity station in a dormant state that needs to be activated. It includes: a capacity station acquisition unit 2041, a determination unit 2042, an adjacent beam acquisition unit 2043, a calculation unit 2044, a selection unit 2045, and a second capacity station determination unit 2046.
  • the capacity station acquiring unit 2041 is configured to acquire, according to load information of any one of the beam sets, when the capacity station of the sleep state corresponding to the any one of the beams needs to be activated, a capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams in a dormant state;
  • the determining unit 2042 is configured to determine whether an adjacent beam of the any one of the beams needs to activate a capacity station in a dormant state corresponding to the adjacent beam;
  • the adjacent beam acquiring unit 2043 is configured to: if the determining unit determines that the adjacent beam of the any one of the beams needs to activate the capacity station corresponding to the adjacent beam, and acquires the sleep corresponding to the adjacent beam Adjacent beams of the capacity station of the state;
  • the calculating unit 2044 is configured to calculate, for each of the capacity stations in the dormant state corresponding to the any one of the beams, the adjacent beams of the one of the beams and the capacity station that needs to activate the adjacent beam to be in a dormant state.
  • a selecting unit 2045 configured to select, from a capacity station corresponding to any one of the beams, a capacity station that has the largest sum of the correlation coefficients and is in a dormant state as a sleep state that needs to be activated for any one of the beams.
  • the second capacity station determining unit 2046 is configured to determine, if the determining unit determines that the adjacent beams of the any one of the beams do not need to activate the capacity station in the dormant state corresponding to the adjacent beam, determine the association of the any one of the beams
  • the capacity station with the largest coefficient in the dormant state is required for any one of the beams Activated sleep station in hibernation.
  • the capacity station activating unit 205 is configured to activate the determined capacity station in the dormant state to be activated by using the determined beam in the beam set corresponding to the tolerant capacity station that needs to be activated.
  • the beam in the beam set corresponding to the dormant capacity station that needs to be activated may be determined, and the determined beam activation corresponding to the activated dormant state is used. Capacity station.
  • a device for utilizing a beam-activated capacity station by setting a beam set to be transmitted for a capacity station in a dormant state, collecting load information by transmitting a beam in a beam set to be transmitted, according to a sleep state
  • the coverage relationship between the capacity station and the beam set to be transmitted and the load information are selected to activate the capacity station that can most effectively load the coverage station, and the capacity station can be activated efficiently and accurately to meet the network service requirements. At the same time reduce network energy consumption.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interface, device or module, and may be electrical, mechanical or otherwise.
  • the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated.
  • the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.
  • the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置，在本发明一些可行的实施方式中，通过为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合，通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束，收集负载信息，根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以及负载信息，确定需要激活的容量站并进行激活，可以高效、准确地激活容量站，在满足网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗。

Description

一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 具体涉及一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及 装置。 背景技术
随着智能移动终端的广泛使用， 无线通信业务已经从低速率的语音业务 发展到高速率的多媒体数据业务。 蜂窝网络运营商为了满足日益增长的高容 量和高数据率需求， 一方面积极应用更高容量和传输速率的无线接入技术， 另一方面， 在部署发射功率大的宏基站以保证网络覆盖外， 还根据业务分布 特点在热点区域部署以容量增强为目的的小基站， 以满足局部高容量和高数 据率需求。 为叙述方便， 下面称以保证覆盖为目的的宏基站为覆盖站， 以容 量增强为目的的小基站为容量站。
同时， 随着容量和数据率的飞速增长， 蜂窝网络的能耗问题也越来越为 人们关注， 特别是基站设备的能耗占整个蜂窝网络能耗的 80%左右。 人们提 出在网络负载较低时让部分基站进入休眠状态以降低网络能耗。 实际网络的 负载随时间不断变化， 当网络负载较低时， 可使部分容量站进入休眠状态以 节省能量， 这些容量站的负载由其它容量站或覆盖站来承载； 而当网络负载 增加时， 可以重新激活这些容量站以分担网络负载。 如图 1 所示的蜂窝网络 结构示意图， 由于网络负载往往不是均匀分布在整个覆盖区域内， 而是集中 分布在某些区域， 因此只要激活部分区域的容量站就可以使负载降低到合适 的水平。 现有技术中通过覆盖站、 容量站和用户之间的信令交互获取负载的 空间分布信息， 以判断是否激活相应位置的容量站， 然而， 现有技术的方案 中在进行信令交互时往往都需要激活每个容量站， 容量站状态的频繁转换以 及以上信令交互将消耗额外的能量， 对降低网络能耗的帮助不大。 因此， 需 要一个高效、 准确地激活容量站、 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗 的解决方案。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置， 以期能高效、 准确地激活容量站、 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗。
第一方面， 本发明提供一种利用波束激活容量站的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待 发射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束集合中包含至少一个波束；
发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的 负载信息；
根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射波束集合的覆盖关系与所 述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的所述波束集合 中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
在第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射 波束集合包括：
根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状 态的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合； 或者，
将所述覆盖站预先配置的一组波束设置为待发射波束集合。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第二种可能的实现方式中， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状 态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括：
当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量小于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处 于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应的波束；
其中， 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站对应的波束构成所述待发射波束 集合； 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于休眠状态的每 个容量站的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第三种可能的实现方式中， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状 态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括： 当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处 于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定数量的波束， 如果所述第一设定数量 的波束大于第二预设门限值， 则所述第一设定数量的波束构成所述待发射波 束集合。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式， 在第四种可能的实现方式中， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状 态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括：
当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 如果所述 预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量小于第二预设门限值， 且所述处于休 眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量站簇， 为所述至少一个容量站簇中的 每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以及为所述处于休眠状态的剩余容量站 设置第二设定数量的波束；
其中， 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与所述第二 设定数量的波束构成待发射波束集合； 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量 站簇的覆盖区域与所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆 盖区域一致；
其中， 如果所述处于休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角 均小于第三预设门限值， 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量 站构成一个容量站簇。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可 能的实现方式， 在第五种可能的实现方式中， 所述方法还包括： 将所述处于 休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以关联矩阵进行表示；
其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大小表示： 所述处于休眠状态的容量 站的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的对应于所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的 覆盖区域的面积的比例。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可 能的实现方式或第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第六种可 能的实现方式中， 所述发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束包括：
如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站内的小区的中心发射塔， 则通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束； 如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内的小区的至少一个发射 塔， 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束 的发射塔， 并通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射波束集合中的 波束。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可 能的实现方式或第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第六种可能 的实现方式， 在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中， 所述收集所述波束集 合中的波束对应的负载信息包括：
通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收信号功率；
根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取所述波束集合中的波束的覆盖 区域内的负载的负载强度。
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式， 在第一方面的第八种可能的实 现方式中， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射波束集合的覆 盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站， 包括： 针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所述任一个波束的负载信息， 当需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站时， 获取所述任一 个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于 休眠状态的容量站， 若是， 获取需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容 量站的相邻波束， 针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容量站， 分别计算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容 量站的相邻波束的关联系数之和， 从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的 容量站中选择所述关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述 任一个波束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站； 若否， 确定所述任一个波束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量站为 所述任一个波束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。 第二方面， 本发明提供一种利用波束激活容量站的装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
第一待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值 时， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束 集合中包含至少一个波束；
第一波束发射单元， 用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束；
负载信息收集单元， 用于收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息； 第一容量站确定单元， 用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发 射波束集合的覆盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容 量站；
容量站激活单元， 用于采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量 站对应的所述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的 容量站。
在第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述第一待发射波束集合设置单元包括： 第二待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的 位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合； 第三待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于将所述覆盖站预先配置的一组波束 设置为待发射波束集合。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第二种可能的实现方式中， 所述第二待发射波束集合设置单元包括：
第四待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数 量小于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应 的波束， 并将所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站对应的波束构成所述待发射波 束集合；
其中， 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于休眠状态 的每个容量站的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。 结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第三种可能的实现方式中， 所述第二待发射波束集合设置单元包括：
第五待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数 量大于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定 数量的波束， 如果所述第一设定数量的波束大于第二预设门限值， 则将所述 第一设定数量的波束构成所述待发射波束集合。
结合第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式， 在第四种可能的实现方式中， 所述第二待发射波束集合设置单元包括：
第六待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数 量大于第一预设门限值时， 如果所述预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量 小于第二预设门限值， 且所述处于休眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量 站簇， 为所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以 及为所述处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二设定数量的波束； 并将所述至 少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与所述第二设定数量的波束构 成待发射波束集合
其中， 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇的覆盖区域与所述至少 一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆盖区域一致；
其中， 如果所述处于休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角 均小于第三预设门限值， 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量 站构成一个容量站簇。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第四种可 能的实现方式， 在第五种可能的实现方式中， 所述装置还包括：
覆盖关系表示单元， 用于以关联矩阵表示所述处于休眠状态的容量站和 待发射波束集合的覆盖关系；
其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大小表示： 所述处于休眠状态的容量 站的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的对应于所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的 覆盖区域的面积的比例。 结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第四种可 能的实现方式或第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式， 在第六种可能的实现方 式中， 所述第一波束发射单元包括：
第二波束发射单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站 内的小区的中心发射塔， 则通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束；
发射塔确定单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内 的小区的至少一个发射塔， 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束的发射塔；
第三波束发射单元， 用于通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发 射波束集合中的波束。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第二种 可能的实现方式或第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第四种可 能的实现方式或第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第六种可能 的实现方式， 在第七种可能的实现方式中， 所述负载信息收集单元包括： 功率检测单元， 用于通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收信号 功率；
负载强度获取单元， 用于根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取所述 波束集合中的波束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度。
结合第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式， 在第八种可能的实现方式中， 所述第一容量站确定单元包括：
容量站获取单元， 用于针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所述任 一个波束的负载信息， 当需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容 量站时， 获取所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
判断单元， 用于判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述相邻 波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
相邻波束获取单元， 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的相邻波 束需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 获取需要激活相邻 波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站的相邻波束；
计算单元， 用于针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容量站， 分别计算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容 量站的相邻波束的关联系数之和；
选择单元， 用于从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站中选择 所述关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述任一个波束需 要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
第二容量站确定单元， 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的相邻 波束不需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 确定所述任一 个波束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量站为所述任一个波束需要激活 的处于休眠状态的容量站。
由上所述， 在本发明一些可行的实施方式中， 通过为处于休眠状态的容 量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信 息， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以及负载信息， 确定需要激活的容量站并进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容量站， 在满足 网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为蜂窝网络结构示意图；
图 2为三维波束示意图；
图 3为 SBS方案示意图；
图 4为 AAS方案示意图；
图 5 为本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法的实施例的方法流 程图；
图 6为对图 5所示的本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法的实 施例的进一步细化的方法流程图；
图 7为步骤 S201的进一步细化的方法流程图；
图 8为容量站簇组成示意图；
图 9为覆盖站实现判断各波束负载强度的接收机的结构框图；
图 10为对步骤 S204进一步细化的方法流程图；
图 11为本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置的实施例的结构示 意图；
图 12为对图 11所示的本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置的 实施例的进一步细化的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
现有技术中主要存在以下三种激活容量站的技术方案：
第一个技术方案是第三代合伙伙伴计划（The 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP)的 R3-102856提案提出的一种基于容量站测量上报干扰热噪声 比 (Interference over Thermal Noise , IoT)的激活方案， 该方案的步骤如下： 步骤一： 覆盖站检测到负载较高时， 要求其覆盖区域内所有处于休眠状 态的容量站测量并上 JoT。
步骤二： 覆盖站根据容量站上报的 IoT大小判断哪些容量站需要激活， 哪 些容量站不需要激活。
步骤三： 覆盖站根据步骤二的判决结果， 向需要激活的容量站发送激活 请求， 不需要激活的容量站继续保持休眠状态。
该方案首先要开启所有容量站的无线接收设备， 以便测量 IoT的大小。 如 果该容量站不需要激活， 则重新进入休眠状态。 由于每次判断需要激活全部 处于休眠状态的容量站， 而通常仅需激活少数几个容量站就可以降低网络负 载到合适的水平， 因此大部分容量站将重新进入休眠状态。 当网络负载随时 间动态变化时， 该方案将造成容量站频繁地发生状态转换。 由于容量站的状 态转换需要一定的时间， 在这段时间内要消耗额外的能量。 容量站状态的频 繁转换将消耗额外的能量， 影响整体的节能效果。 另外， 测量 IoT大小作为是 否激活容量站的判决依据， 可能导致错误的激活决策。 在多个容量站距离很 近的情况下容量站测量的 IoT值将彼此影响， 因此该方案有可能同时激活多个 距离很近的容量站， 而实际最优的策略可能仅需激活其中一个容量站。
第二个技术方案是 3GPP的 R3-110737提案提出的一种基于容量站发送导 频信号的激活方案， 其步骤如下：
步骤一： 覆盖站检测到负载较高时， 通知其覆盖区域内所有处于休眠状 态的容量站发送导频信号。
步骤二： 覆盖站配置部分或全部用户对容量站发送的导频信号进行测量 上报。
步骤三： 覆盖站根据用户上报的针对每个容量站的切换事件数目确定哪 些容量站需要激活， 哪些容量站不需要激活。
步骤四： 覆盖站根据步骤三的判决结果， 向需要激活的容量站发送激活 请求， 不需要激活的容量站保持休眠状态。
和第一个技术方案类似， 该方案需要开启所有容量站的发送设备， 以便 发送导频信号。 如果容量站不需要激活， 则重新进入休眠状态。 这有可能造 成容量站状态的频繁转换， 消耗额外的能量， 影响整体的节能效果。 另外， 发送导频信号并让用户上报切换事件数目将产生额外的信令开销， 占用系统 资源。
第三个技术方案是公开号为 US2012/0142328A1、 公开日为 2012年 6月 7曰 的美国专利中提出的一种基于用户地理位置信息进行小区激活的技术方案， 其步骤如下：
步骤一： 覆盖站检测到负载较高时， 配置部分或全部用户上报地理位置 信息。
步骤二： 覆盖站根据用户上报的地理位置信息判断哪些容量站需要激活， 哪些容量站不需要激活。 步骤三： 覆盖站根据步骤二的判决结果， 向需要激活的容量站发送激活 请求， 不需要激活的容量站继续保持休眠状态。
该方案需要用户提供地理位置信息。 尽管地理位置信息在当前的移动设 备中已较为普遍， 但获取实时准确的地理位置信息仍然存在一定难度。 首先 , 移动设备的定位精度受设备的定位方式的影响精度并不高， 例如在室内无 法利用全球定位系统定位， 而其他定位方式的精度有限。 其次， 用户出于自 身隐私的考虑并不愿意主动提供地理位置信息， 且用户实时测量和上报地理 位置信息需要额外的能量和信令开销。 最后， 由于阴影衰落、 反射、 折射等 因素的影响， 对于用户来说地理位置最近的容量站并不一定最优， 这增加了 判断激活容量站的难度。
本发明实施例提供一种利用波束激活容量站的方法及装置， 在本发明一 些可行的实施方式中， 通过为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信息， 根据处于休眠状态的容 量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以及负载信息， 确定需要激活的容量站并 进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容量站， 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低 网络能耗。
本发明利用波束成形 (Beamforming)技术产生所需要的波束。 波束成形技 术是利用波的干涉原理， 产生方向性的辐射图， 使得无线设备可以在三维空 间上方向性地发送和接收信号。 具体地， 天线阵列中的不同天线发射或接收 信号时， 使用幅度和相位不同的增益放大信号， 即可以形成如图 2所示的三 维波束， 其中波束的方位角和宽度取决于各天线增益参数的设定。 由于波束 成形技术可以有效地减小信号盲区， 提高有用信号的质量， 抑制干扰信号， 已被广泛应用于当前蜂窝网络系统中。 波束成形技术通常用于发送和接收用 户数据， 而在本发明中将用于协助容量站进行激活决策。
波束成形技术根据实现方式的难易程度和灵活性又可以分为波束切换系 统 (Switched Beam System, SBS)和自适应阵列系统 (Adaptive Array System, AAS)。 其中， 图 3为 SBS方案示意图， 如图 3所示， SBS方案预先设计一组 波束方向角和宽度固定的波束， 发射或接收用户数据时在预先确定的波束间 切换以选择信号最强的波束； 图 4为 AAS方案示意图， 如图 4所示， AAS则 通过调整不同天线的增益， 动态地设计波束方向角和宽度使得波束峰值对准 用户。 两者相比， SBS方案实现筒单、 开销小， 但由于波束峰值未对准用户， 性能并非最优； 而 AAS方案复杂度高、 开销大， 当波束峰值对准用户时可实 现性能最优。 另外， SBS方案可以看做 AAS方案的一种特殊情况， 即波束参 数从一组固定参数集合中选取， 得到一组固定方向角和宽度的波束。
图 5 为本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法的实施例的方法流 程图。 如图 5所示， 该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤 S101 , 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 为处于休眠状态的容 量站设置待发射波束集合，其中，所述待发射波束集合中包含至少一个波束。
本实施例的网络场景如图 1 所示， 覆盖站提供基本的网络覆盖， 容量站 部署在覆盖站覆盖区域内的热点区域进行容量增强， 并完全被覆盖站覆盖。 当部分或全部容量站处于休眠状态且检测到覆盖站的负载较高时， 采用本实 施例的方法进行容量站激活。 在本实施例中， 覆盖站和容量站可以使用相同 制式也可以使用不同制式。
在本步骤中， 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 需要激活一些处于 休眠状态的容量站来分担覆盖站的负载， 因此， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设 置待发射波束集合， 其中， 该待发射波束集合包含至少一个波束。 该待发射 波束集合需覆盖所有处于休眠状态的容量站。 覆盖站配置有 AAS或 SBS, 可 以自适应地形成以上波束。
作为一种实施方式， 当覆盖站配置的为 AAS时， 覆盖站已知所有容量站 的位置、 覆盖区域以及是否处于休眠状态。 根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位 置和覆盖区域， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中待发射 波束集合中的波束的方向角和宽度可以通过配置天线增益动态调整。
作为另一种实施方式， 当覆盖站配置的为 SBS时， 将覆盖站的 SBS预先 配置的一组波束设置为待发射波束集合， 本实施方式和配置 AAS的覆盖站的 区别在于， 覆盖站不再根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为处 于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 而直接利用覆盖站的 SBS中预先 配置的波束， 以下其它步骤都是相同或类似的。
步骤 S102, 发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束。 通过覆盖站的天线发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 其发射方式可采用现 有的发射方式， 在此不再赘述。
值得说明的是， 根据覆盖站天线配置方式的不同， 可以分为集中式和分 布式天线系统两种。 如果覆盖站采用集中式天线系统， 则覆盖站的天线全部 安装在覆盖站内的小区的中心发射塔， 则覆盖站通过小区的中心发射塔上的 天线发射该待发射波束集合中的波束。 如果覆盖站采用分布式天线系统， 则 覆盖站的天线分布安装在覆盖站内的小区的至少一个发射塔， 则覆盖站从至 少一个发射塔中确定用于发射该待发射波束集合中的波束的发射塔， 并通过 确定的发射塔上的天线发射该待发射波束集合中的波束。
步骤 S103 , 收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息。
覆盖站发射待发射波束结合中的波束， 利用波束成形技术可方向性地收 集波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息， 该负载信息包括负载的空间位置和负 载强度等。 所谓波束收集负载信息的方向性， 即当覆盖站使用波束发送信号 时， 仅有对应容量站覆盖范围内的负载用户可以接收该信号， 同样地， 当覆 盖站使用该波束接收信号时， 仅可接收对应容量站覆盖区域内负载用户发送 的信号。
步骤 S104 , 根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射波束集合的覆 盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据收集的负载信息即负载的空间位置和负载强度， 可以综合确定需要 将哪些负载分配由哪些处于休眠状态的容量站承担， 即确定需要激活的处于 休眠状态的容量站。
步骤 S105 , 采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的所 述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系， 可以确定需 要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的波束集合中的波束， 采用该确定的波 束激活对应的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法， 通过为处于 休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信息， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以 及负载信息， 确定需要激活的容量站并进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容 量站， 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗。
图 6为对图 5所示的本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法的实 施例的进一步细化的方法流程图。 如图 6所示， 该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤 S201 , 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 根据所述处于休眠状 态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置所述待发 射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束集合中包含至少一个波束。
本实施例的网络场景如图 1 所示， 覆盖站提供基本的网络覆盖， 容量站 部署在覆盖站覆盖区域内的热点区域进行容量增强， 并完全被覆盖站覆盖。 当部分或全部容量站处于休眠状态且检测到覆盖站的负载较高时， 采用本实 施例的方法进行容量站激活。 在本实施例中， 覆盖站和容量站可以使用相同 制式也可以使用不同制式。
在本实施例中， 覆盖站配置的为 AAS , 波束的方向角和宽度可以通过配 置天线增益动态调整。 覆盖站已知所有容量站的位置、 覆盖区域以及是否处 于休眠状态， 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 需激活一些处于休眠状 态的容量站来分担覆盖站的负载， 因此， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位置 和覆盖区域， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 该待发 射波束集合中包含至少一个波束。
考虑到波束设置的开销和实现的复杂度， 本发明希望使用较少的波束获 取尽可能精确的负载信息。 图 7为步骤 S201的进一步细化的方法流程图。 如 图 7所示， 本步骤 S201包括以下步骤：
步骤 S2011 ,判断处于休眠状态的容量站数量是否大于预先设定的门限 T1 , 如果否， 则转至步骤 S2012; 否则， 转至步骤 S2013。
本步骤用于判断处于休眠状态的容量站的数量， 预先设定一个门限 T1 , 如果处于休眠状态的容量站的数量较少， 小于门限 T1 , 则为了使波束设置的 实现筒单， 则转至步骤 S2012进行设置； 否则， 转至步骤 S2013。
步骤 S2012, 为所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应的波束， 所 述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站 的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。 本步骤中， 由于处于休眠状态的容量站的数量较少， 为了使波束设置的 实现筒单， 所以为处于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应的波束， 且处于 休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域 对应的波束的覆盖区 i或一致。
步骤 S2013 , 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定数量的波束。 本步骤中， 为处于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定数量的波束， 该 预先设置的第一设定数量的波束能够覆盖该覆盖站的所有处于休眠状态的容 量站。
步骤 S2014, 判断所述预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量是否小于预 先设定的门限 T2, 如果是， 则转至步骤 S2015 , 否则， 转至步骤 S2016。
本步骤中， 考虑波束设置的开销和实现的复杂度， 设置预先设定的门限 T2 , 如果预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量小于门限 T2 , 则转至步骤 S2015 , 使得设置的待发射波束的数量较少， 减少波束设置的开销， 否则， 预 先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量大于门限 T2 , 数量较多， 为了波束设置 的实现筒单， 则转至步骤 S2016, 直接用第一设定数量的波束构成该待发射波 束集合。
步骤 S2015 , 所述处于休眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量站簇， 为 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以及为所述 处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二设定数量的波束； 其中， 如果所述处于 休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角均小于预先设定的门限 T3 , 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量站构成一个容量站簇。
在本步骤中， 处于休眠状态的容量站数量大于门限 T1而小于门限 T2 , 也 即处于休眠状态的容量站数量数量居中， 为了使用较少的波束获取尽可能精 确的负载信息， 考虑将空间位置相近的多个处于休眠状态的容量站组成的容 量站簇使用一个波束， 如图 8所示。 在判断哪些处于休眠状态的容量站可以构 成容量站簇时， 判断处于休眠状态的容量站中是否存在至少两个容量站的方 向角均小于预先设定的门限 T3 , 如果是， 则方向角小于第三预设门限值的至 少两个容量站构成一个容量站簇。
处于休眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量站簇， 为至少一个容量站 簇中的每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束， 至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量 站簇的覆盖区域与至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆盖区 域一致； 以及为处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二设定数量的波束， 该设 置即为 SBS系统的波束设置，为处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置固定数量的波 束。
至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与第二设定数量的波束 构成待发射波束集合。
步骤 S2016, 将所述第一设定数量的波束构成所述待发射波束集合。 该设置即为 SBS系统的波束设置， 为所有处于休眠状态的容量站设置固 定数量的波束。
步骤 S202 , 将所述处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系 以关联矩阵进行表示； 其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大小表示： 所述处 于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的对应于所述处于 休眠状态的容量站的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于所述处于休 眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域的面积的比例。
根据处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域和设置的待发射波束集合的覆盖 区域， 可以获得两者的覆盖关系。 在本实施例中， 采用关联矩阵表示该覆盖 关系。 例如， 表 1为一个关联矩阵， 如表 1所示， 该矩阵的每一行对应一个容 量站， 每一列对应一个波束， 关联矩阵的元素称为关联系数。
表 1 关联矩阵示例
Figure imgf000017_0001
由于处于休眠状态的容量站可能没有被波束完全覆盖， 位于两个相邻波 束的边界上， 此时， 激活该容量站分担负载的效果将小于激活完全处于波束 覆盖区域内的容量站， 因此， 在本实施例中， 该关联系数的大小表示： 处于 休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域与待发射波束集合中的对应于处于休眠状态的 容量站的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于处于休眠状态的容量站 的覆盖区域的面积的比例。
作为一种可选的实施方式， 该关联矩阵可以是 0-1矩阵， 即当容量站在波 束覆盖区域内时， 对应的关联系数为 1 , 否则为 0。
作为另一种可选的实施方式， 该关联系数还可以是连续变量， 用来表示 容量站激活后负载转移的效果。
步骤 S203 , 发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束。
通过覆盖站的天线发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 其发射方式可采用现 有的发射方式， 在此不再赘述。
值得说明的是， 根据覆盖站天线配置方式的不同， 可以分为集中式和分 布式天线系统两种。 如果覆盖站采用集中式天线系统， 则覆盖站的天线全部 安装在覆盖站内的小区的中心发射塔， 则覆盖站通过小区的中心发射塔上的 天线发射该待发射波束集合中的波束。 如果覆盖站采用分布式天线系统， 则 覆盖站的天线分布安装在覆盖站内的小区的至少一个发射塔， 则覆盖站从至 少一个发射塔中确定用于发射该待发射波束集合中的波束的发射塔， 并通过 确定的发射塔上的天线发射该待发射波束集合中的波束。
步骤 S204, 收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息。
覆盖站发射待发射波束结合中的波束， 利用波束成形技术可方向性地收 集波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息， 该负载信息包括负载的空间位置和负 载强度等。 所谓波束收集负载信息的方向性， 即当覆盖站使用波束发送信号 时， 仅有对应容量站覆盖范围内的负载用户可以接收该信号， 同样地， 当覆 盖站使用该波束接收信号时， 仅可接收对应容量站覆盖区域内负载用户发送 的信号。
图 9为覆盖站实现判断各波束负载强度的接收机的结构框图。 如图 9所示， 在该接收机中， 激活判断程序 101通过控制器 102设置波束参数， 并通过功率 检测模块 107检测对应波束的接收信号功率， 以判断该波束覆盖区域内的负载 强度。 需要指出的是， 这种方法并不影响覆盖站的信号检测模块 106解调用户 数据。 緩存中的基带信号经过原来的接收信号通路可以得到覆盖站所需的用 户数据。 因此， 上述实现框图仅仅需要部分增加接收机的复杂度， 而不需要 对系统其它部分做任何修改， 包括控制信令流程、 用户终端设备等。
图 10为对步骤 S204进一步细化的方法流程图。 如图 10所示， 根据图 9所示 的接收机， 步骤 S204包括以下步骤：
步骤 S2041 , 通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收信号功率。 覆盖站将波束集合中的波束发射出去， 同时， 通过图 9所示的接收机接收 负载通过该波束集合返回的信号， 功率检测模块 107检测该波束集合的接收信 号功率。
步骤 S2042 ,根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率，获取所述波束集合中的 波束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度。
功率检测模块 107根据波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取波束集合中的波 束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度， 并将其返回给激活判断程序 101 进行激 活决策。
以下步骤 S205-S210用于根据处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射波束 集合的覆盖关系与负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
步骤 S205 , 针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所述任一个波束的 负载信息， 当需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站时， 获 取所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站。
对于发射波束集合中的波束， 根据其收集的负载信息， 有的波束对应的 处于休眠状态的容量站需要激活， 而有的波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站 不需要激活， 因此， 针对波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据任一个波束的负载 信息， 判断其是否需要激活任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 当判 断为是时， 获取该任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站。
步骤 S206, 判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述相邻波束 对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 如果是， 则转至步骤 S207 , 否则， 转至步骤 S210。
根据步骤 S205中同样的方法， 判断任一个波束的所有相邻波束是否需要 激活该相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 如果是， 则转至步骤 S207 , 否则， 转至步骤 S210。 该相邻波束是指与该任一个波束空间位置相邻的所有 波束。
步骤 S207 , 获取需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站的相邻 波束。
根据步骤 S206的判断， 该任一个波束存在需要激活相邻波束对应的处于 休眠状态的容量站的相邻波束， 则获取这些相邻波束。
步骤 S208 , 针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容量站， 分 别计算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量 站的相邻波束的关联系数之和。
例如， 根据表 1所示的关联矩阵示例， 假设该任一个波束为 B1 , 其相邻波 束为 B2 , 当然， 其相邻波束可以不止一个， 在此仅为举例说明。 波束 B1对应 的处于休眠状态的容量站为 #1、 #2、 #3、 #4和 #5 , 针对波束 B1对应的每个处 于休眠状态的容量站， 分别计算其对应 B1和 B2的关联系数之和， 例如， #1容 量站的关联系数之和为 0.8 , #2容量站的关联系数之和为 1 , #3容量站的关联系 数之和为 1.3 , #4容量站的关联系数之和为 1 , #5容量站的关联系数之和为 0.8。
步骤 S209 , 从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站中选择所述 关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述任一个波束需要激 活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
例如， 根据步骤 S208中计算的波束 B 1的各个处于休眠状态的容量站的关 联系数之和， 选择关联系数之和最大的 #3容量站作为波束 B1需要激活的容量 站。
步骤 S210, 确定所述任一个波束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量 站为所述任一个波束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据步骤 S206的判断， 该任一个波束不存在需要激活相邻波束对应的处 于休眠状态的容量站的相邻波束， 则确定该任一个波束的关联系数最大的处 于休眠状态的容量站为任一个波束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
例如， 根据表 1所示的关联矩阵示例， H没该任一个波束为 B1 , 波束 B1 对应的处于休眠状态的容量站为 #1、 #2、 #3、 #4和 #5以及这些容量站与波束 Bl的关联系数分别为 0.8、 1、 0.7、 0和 0, 则确定 #2容量站为波束 B1需要激活 的处于休眠状态的容量站。
步骤 S211 , 采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的所 述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
从上述步骤 S205-S210可知，确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站， 其对应的波束可能为一个波束， 也可能为多个相邻波束。 在本步骤中， 采用 所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的所述波束集合中的波束 激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的方法， 通过为处于 休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信息， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以 及负载信息， 选择能最有效率地为覆盖站承担负载的处于休眠状态的容量站 进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容量站， 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低 网络能耗。
本发明还相应地提供一种利用波束激活容量站的装置。
图 11为本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置的实施例的结构示 意图。 如图 11所示， 该装置包括：
第一待发射波束集合设置单元 201 ,用于当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定 值时， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波 束集合中包含至少一个波束。
本实施例的网络场景如图 1 所示， 覆盖站提供基本的网络覆盖， 容量站 部署在覆盖站覆盖区域内的热点区域进行容量增强， 并完全被覆盖站覆盖。 当部分或全部容量站处于休眠状态且检测到覆盖站的负载较高时， 采用本实 施例的方法进行容量站激活。 在本实施例中， 覆盖站和容量站可以使用相同 制式也可以使用不同制式。
在第一待发射波束集合设置单元 201 中， 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设 定值时， 需要激活一些处于休眠状态的容量站来分担覆盖站的负载， 因此， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 该待发射波束集合包 含至少一个波束。 该待发射波束集合需覆盖所有处于休眠状态的容量站。 覆 盖站配置有 AAS或 SBS, 可以自适应地形成以上波束。
第一待发射波束集合设置单元 201 可包括第二待发射波束集合设置单元 和第三待发射波束集合设置单元。
第二待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的 位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合。 当覆盖站配置的为 AAS时， 覆盖站已知所有容量站的位置、 覆盖区域以及是 否处于休眠状态。 根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为处于休 眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中待发射波束集合中的波束的方向 角和宽度可以通过配置天线增益动态调整。
第三待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于将所述覆盖站预先配置的一组波束 设置为待发射波束集合。 当覆盖站配置的为 SBS时， 将覆盖站的 SBS预先配 置的一组波束设置为待发射波束集合， 本实施方式和配置 AAS的覆盖站的区 别在于， 覆盖站不再根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为处于 休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 而直接利用覆盖站的 SBS中预先配 置的波束， 以下其它功能模块都是相同或类似的。
第一波束发射单元 202 , 用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束。
通过覆盖站的天线发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 其发射方式可采用现 有的发射方式， 在此不再赘述。
值得说明的是， 根据覆盖站天线配置方式的不同， 可以分为集中式和分 布式天线系统两种。 第一波束发射单元 202 包括第二波束发射单元、 发射塔 确定单元和第三波束发射单元。
第二波束发射单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站 内的小区的中心发射塔， 则通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束。
发射塔确定单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内 的小区的至少一个发射塔， 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束的发射塔。
第三波束发射单元， 用于通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发 射波束集合中的波束。 负载信息收集单元 203 ,用于收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息。 覆盖站发射待发射波束结合中的波束， 利用波束成形技术可方向性地收 集波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息， 该负载信息包括负载的空间位置和负 载强度等。 所谓波束收集负载信息的方向性， 即当覆盖站使用波束发送信号 时， 仅有对应容量站覆盖范围内的负载用户可以接收该信号， 同样地， 当覆 盖站使用该波束接收信号时， 仅可接收对应容量站覆盖区域内负载用户发送 的信号。
第一容量站确定单元 204,用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待 发射波束集合的覆盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的 容量站。
根据收集的负载信息即负载的空间位置和负载强度， 可以综合确定需要 将哪些负载分配由哪些处于休眠状态的容量站承担， 即确定需要激活的处于 休眠状态的容量站。
容量站激活单元 205 ,用于采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容 量站对应的所述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态 的容量站。
根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系， 可以确定需 要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的波束集合中的波束， 采用该确定的波 束激活对应的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置， 通过为处于 休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信息， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以 及负载信息， 确定需要激活的容量站并进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容 量站， 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低网络能耗。
图 12为对图 11所示的本发明提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置的 实施例的进一步细化的结构示意图。 如图 12所示， 该装置包括：
第二待发射波束集合设置单元 206, 用于当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定 值时， 根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠 状态的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束集合中包含 至少一个波束。
本实施例的网络场景如图 1 所示， 覆盖站提供基本的网络覆盖， 容量站 部署在覆盖站覆盖区域内的热点区域进行容量增强， 并完全被覆盖站覆盖。 当部分或全部容量站处于休眠状态且检测到覆盖站的负载较高时， 采用本实 施例的方法进行容量站激活。 在本实施例中， 覆盖站和容量站可以使用相同 制式也可以使用不同制式。
在本实施例中， 覆盖站配置的为 AAS , 波束的方向角和宽度可以通过配 置天线增益动态调整。 覆盖站已知所有容量站的位置、 覆盖区域以及是否处 于休眠状态， 当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 需激活一些处于休眠状 态的容量站来分担覆盖站的负载， 因此， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站的位置 和覆盖区域， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 该待发 射波束集合中包含至少一个波束。
考虑到波束设置的开销和实现的复杂度， 本发明希望使用较少的波束获 取尽可能精确的负载信息。 第二待发射波束集合设置单元 206 包括： 第四待 发射波束集合设置单元 2061、第五待发射波束集合设置单元 2062和第六待发 射波束集合设置单元 2063。
第四待发射波束集合设置单元 2061 , 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的数量小于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个 对应的波束， 并将所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站对应的波束构成所述待发 射波束集合； 其中， 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于 休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。
第五待发射波束集合设置单元 2062 , 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一 设定数量的波束， 如果所述第一设定数量的波束大于第二预设门限值， 则将 所述第一设定数量的波束构成所述待发射波束集合。
第六待发射波束集合设置单元 2063 , 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 如果所述预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的 数量小于第二预设门限值， 且所述处于休眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个 容量站簇， 为所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以及为所述处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二设定数量的波束； 并将所述 至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与所述第二设定数量的波束 构成待发射波束集合； 其中， 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇的覆 盖区域与所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆盖区域一 致； 其中， 如果所述处于休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角 均小于第三预设门限值， 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量 站构成一个容量站簇。
覆盖关系表示单元 207, 用于将所述处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束 集合的覆盖关系以关联矩阵进行表示； 其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大 小表示： 所述处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的 对应于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相 对于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域的面积的比例。
根据处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域和设置的待发射波束集合的覆盖 区域， 可以获得两者的覆盖关系。 在本实施例中， 采用关联矩阵表示该覆盖 关系。 例如， 表 1为一个关联矩阵， 如表 1所示， 该矩阵的每一行对应一个容 量站， 每一列对应一个波束， 关联矩阵的元素称为关联系数。
由于处于休眠状态的容量站可能没有被波束完全覆盖， 位于两个相邻波 束的边界上， 此时， 激活该容量站分担负载的效果将小于激活完全处于波束 覆盖区域内的容量站， 因此， 在本实施例中， 该关联系数的大小表示： 处于 休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区域与待发射波束集合中的对应于处于休眠状态的 容量站的波束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于处于休眠状态的容量站 的覆盖区域的面积的比例。
作为一种可选的实施方式， 该关联矩阵可以是 0-1矩阵， 即当容量站在波 束覆盖区域内时， 对应的关联系数为 1 , 否则为 0。
作为另一种可选的实施方式， 该关联系数还可以是连续变量， 用来表示 容量站激活后负载转移的效果。
第一波束发射单元 202, 用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束。
通过覆盖站的天线发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 其发射方式可采用现 有的发射方式， 在此不再赘述。 值得说明的是， 根据覆盖站天线配置方式的不同， 可以分为集中式和分 布式天线系统两种。 第一波束发射单元 202 包括第二波束发射单元、 发射塔 确定单元和第三波束发射单元。
第二波束发射单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站 内的小区的中心发射塔， 则通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束。
发射塔确定单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内 的小区的至少一个发射塔， 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待 发射波束集合中的波束的发射塔。
第三波束发射单元， 用于通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发 射波束集合中的波束。
负载信息收集单元 203 , 用于收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息。 覆盖站发射待发射波束结合中的波束， 利用波束成形技术可方向性地收 集波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息， 该负载信息包括负载的空间位置和负 载强度等。 所谓波束收集负载信息的方向性， 即当覆盖站使用波束发送信号 时， 仅有对应容量站覆盖范围内的负载用户可以接收该信号， 同样地， 当覆 盖站使用该波束接收信号时， 仅可接收对应容量站覆盖区域内负载用户发送 的信号。
图 9为覆盖站实现判断各波束负载强度的接收机的结构框图。 如图 9所示， 在该接收机中， 激活判断程序 101通过控制器 102设置波束参数， 并通过功率 检测模块 107检测对应波束的接收信号功率， 以判断该波束覆盖区域内的负载 强度。 需要指出的是， 这种方法并不影响覆盖站的信号检测模块 106解调用户 数据。 緩存中的基带信号经过原来的接收信号通路可以得到覆盖站所需的用 户数据。 因此， 上述实现框图仅仅需要部分增加接收机的复杂度， 而不需要 对系统其它部分做任何修改， 包括控制信令流程、 用户终端设备等。
负载信息收集单元 203可以包括： 功率检测单元 2031和负载强度获取单元 2032。 具体地：
功率检测单元 2031 , 用于通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收 信号功率。 覆盖站将波束集合中的波束发射出去， 同时， 通过图 9所示的接收机接收 负载通过该波束集合返回的信号， 功率检测模块 107检测该波束集合的接收信 号功率。
负载强度获取单元 2032 , 用于根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取 所述波束集合中的波束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度。
功率检测模块 107根据波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取波束集合中的波 束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度， 并将其返回给激活判断程序 101 进行激 活决策。
第一容量站确定单元 204,用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待 发射波束集合的覆盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的 容量站。 其包括： 容量站获取单元 2041、 判断单元 2042、 相邻波束获取单元 2043、 计算单元 2044、 选择单元 2045和第二容量站确定单元 2046。
容量站获取单元 2041 , 用于针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所 述任一个波束的负载信息， 当需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态 的容量站时， 获取所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
判断单元 2042, 用于判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述 相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
相邻波束获取单元 2043 , 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的相 邻波束需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 获取需要激活 相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站的相邻波束；
计算单元 2044, 用于针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容 量站， 分别计算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状 态的容量站的相邻波束的关联系数之和；
选择单元 2045 , 用于从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站中 选择所述关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述任一个波 束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
第二容量站确定单元 2046, 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的 相邻波束不需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 确定所述 任一个波束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量站为所述任一个波束需要 激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
容量站激活单元 205 ,用于采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容 量站对应的所述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态 的容量站。
根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系， 可以确定需 要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的波束集合中的波束， 采用该确定的波 束激活对应的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种利用波束激活容量站的装置， 通过为处于 休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 通过发射待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集负载信息， 根据处于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以 及负载信息， 选择能最有效率地为覆盖站承担负载的处于休眠状态的容量站 进行激活， 可以高效、 准确地激活容量站， 在满足网络业务需求的同时降低 网络能耗。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到， 为描述的方便和筒洁， 上述描 述的设备和模块的具体工作过程， 可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程描 述， 在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中， 应该理解到， 所揭露的设备和方法， 可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的， 例如， 所述模块的划分， 仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分， 实际实现时可以有另外 的划分方式， 例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个设备中， 或一些特征可以忽略， 或不执行。 另一点， 所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合 或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些通信接口， 装置或模块的间接耦合或 通信连接， 可以是电性， 机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的， 作 为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元， 即可以位于一个地方， 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。 可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或 者全部， 模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外， 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中， 也可以是各个模块单独物理存在， 也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模 块中。 最后应说明的是： 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对 其限制； 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通 技术人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权利要求 书
1、 一种利用波束激活容量站的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发 射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束集合中包含至少一个波束；
发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束， 收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负 载信息；
根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射波束集合的覆盖关系与所述 负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站对应的所述波束集合中 的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述为处于休眠状态的容量站 设置待发射波束集合包括：
根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态 的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合； 或者，
将所述覆盖站预先配置的一组波束设置为待发射波束集合。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的 容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括：
当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量小于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于 休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应的波束；
其中， 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站对应的波束构成所述待发射波束集 合； 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于休眠状态的每个容 量站的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的 容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括： 当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于 休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定数量的波束， 如果所述第一设定数量的波 束大于第二预设门限值， 则所述第一设定数量的波束构成所述待发射波束集合。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的 容量站的位置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 包括：
当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量大于第一预设门限值时， 如果所述预 先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量小于第二预设门限值， 且所述处于休眠状 态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量站簇， 为所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容 量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以及为所述处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二 设定数量的波束；
其中， 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与所述第二设 定数量的波束构成待发射波束集合； 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇 的覆盖区域与所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆盖区域 一致；
其中， 如果所述处于休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角均 小于第三预设门限值， 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量站构 成一个容量站簇。
6、 如权利要求 1-5任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 将所述处 于休眠状态的容量站和待发射波束集合的覆盖关系以关联矩阵进行表示；
其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大小表示： 所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的对应于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的波 束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区 i或的面积的比例。
7、 如权利要求 1-6任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述发射所述待发 射波束集合中的波束包括： 如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站内的小区的中心发射塔， 则 通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束；
如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内的小区的至少一个发射塔, 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束的发射 塔， 并通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束。
8、 如权利要求 1-7任意一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述收集所述波束 集合中的波束对应的负载信息包括：
通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收信号功率；
根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取所述波束集合中的波束的覆盖区 域内的负载的负载强度。
9、 如权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据所述处于休眠状态的 容量站和所述待发射波束集合的覆盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处 于休眠状态的容量站， 包括：
针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所述任一个波束的负载信息， 当 需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站时， 获取所述任一个波 束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休 眠状态的容量站， 若是， 获取需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站 的相邻波束， 针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容量站， 分别计 算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站的相 邻波束的关联系数之和， 从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站中选 择所述关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述任一个波束需 要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
若否， 确定所述任一个波束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量站为所 述任一个波束需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站。
10、 一种利用波束激活容量站的装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 第一待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当检测到覆盖站的负载高于设定值时， 为处于休眠状态的容量站设置待发射波束集合， 其中， 所述待发射波束集合中 包含至少一个波束；
第一波束发射单元， 用于发射所述待发射波束集合中的波束；
负载信息收集单元， 用于收集所述波束集合中的波束对应的负载信息； 第一容量站确定单元， 用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站和所述待发射 波束集合的覆盖关系与所述负载信息， 确定需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站； 容量站激活单元， 用于采用所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量站 对应的所述波束集合中的波束激活所述确定的需要激活的处于休眠状态的容量 站。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一待发射波束集合设 置单元包括：
第二待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于根据所述处于休眠状态的容量站的位 置和覆盖区域， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站设置所述待发射波束集合；
第三待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于将所述覆盖站预先配置的一组波束设 置为待发射波束集合。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二待发射波束集合设 置单元包括：
第四待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量 小于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站设置一个对应的波 束， 并将所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站对应的波束构成所述待发射波束集合； 其中， 所述处于休眠状态的每个容量站的覆盖区域与所述处于休眠状态的 每个容量站的覆盖区域对应的波束的覆盖区域一致。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二待发射波束集合设 置单元包括：
第五待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量 大于第一预设门限值时， 为所述处于休眠状态的容量站预先设置第一设定数量 的波束， 如果所述第一设定数量的波束大于第二预设门限值， 则将所述第一设 定数量的波束构成所述待发射波束集合。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二待发射波束集合设 置单元包括：
第六待发射波束集合设置单元， 用于当所述处于休眠状态的容量站的数量 大于第一预设门限值时， 如果所述预先设置的第一设定数量的波束的数量小于 第二预设门限值， 且所述处于休眠状态的部分容量站构成至少一个容量站簇， 为所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇设置一个对应的波束； 以及为所述 处于休眠状态的剩余容量站设置第二设定数量的波束； 并将所述至少一个容量 站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束与所述第二设定数量的波束构成待发射波束 集合
其中， 所述至少一个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇的覆盖区域与所述至少一 个容量站簇中的每个容量站簇对应的波束的覆盖区域一致；
其中， 如果所述处于休眠状态的容量站中存在至少两个容量站的方向角均 小于第三预设门限值， 则所述方向角小于第三预设门限值的至少两个容量站构 成一个容量站簇。
15、 如权利要求 10-14任意一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 还包括： 覆盖关系表示单元， 用于以关联矩阵表示所述处于休眠状态的容量站和待 发射波束集合的覆盖关系；
其中， 所述关联矩阵的关联系数的大小表示： 所述处于休眠状态的容量站 的覆盖区域与所述待发射波束集合中的对应于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的波 束的覆盖区域的重叠区域的面积， 相对于所述处于休眠状态的容量站的覆盖区 i或的面积的比例。
16、 如权利要求 10-15任意一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一波束发 射单元包括：
第二波束发射单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线全部安装在所述覆盖站内 的小区的中心发射塔， 则通过所述小区的中心发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射 波束集合中的波束；
发射塔确定单元， 用于如果所述覆盖站的天线分布安装在所述覆盖站内的 小区的至少一个发射塔， 则从所述至少一个发射塔中确定用于发射所述待发射 波束集合中的波束的发射塔；
第三波束发射单元， 用于通过所述确定的发射塔上的天线发射所述待发射 波束集合中的波束。
17、 如权利要求 10-16任意一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述负载信息收 集单元包括：
功率检测单元， 用于通过所述波束集合， 检测所述波束集合的接收信号功 负载强度获取单元， 用于根据所述波束集合的接收信号功率， 获取所述波 束集合中的波束的覆盖区域内的负载的负载强度。
18、 如权利要求 15所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一容量站确定单元包 括：
容量站获取单元， 用于针对所述波束集合中的任一个波束， 根据所述任一 个波束的负载信息， 当需要激活所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站 时， 获取所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
判断单元， 用于判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束是否需要激活所述相邻波 束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站；
相邻波束获取单元， 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的相邻波束 需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 获取需要激活相邻波束 对应的处于休眠状态的容量站的相邻波束；
计算单元， 用于针对所述任一个波束对应的每个处于休眠状态的容量站， 分别计算所述任一个波束和所述需要激活相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量 站的相邻波束的关联系数之和；
选择单元， 用于从所述任一个波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站中选择所 述关联系数之和最大的一个处于休眠状态的容量站作为所述任一个波束需要激 活的处于休眠状态的容量站；
第二容量站确定单元， 用于若所述判断单元判断所述任一个波束的相邻波 束不需要激活所述相邻波束对应的处于休眠状态的容量站， 确定所述任一个波 束的关联系数最大的处于休眠状态的容量站为所述任一个波束需要激活的处于 休眠状态的容量站。
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