WO2014110886A1 - 旋转式加热装置 - Google Patents

旋转式加热装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110886A1
WO2014110886A1 PCT/CN2013/075711 CN2013075711W WO2014110886A1 WO 2014110886 A1 WO2014110886 A1 WO 2014110886A1 CN 2013075711 W CN2013075711 W CN 2013075711W WO 2014110886 A1 WO2014110886 A1 WO 2014110886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating material
radiant tube
heating device
material table
rotary heating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075711
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴道洪
李生忠
谢善清
Original Assignee
北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201310019500.5A external-priority patent/CN103940275B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310102890.2A external-priority patent/CN103657529B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2013201455503U external-priority patent/CN203316106U/zh
Application filed by 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014110886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110886A1/zh

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/06Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/087Heating or cooling the reactor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/08Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
    • B01J8/10Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/18Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B21/00Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
    • F27B21/02Sintering grates or tables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00504Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/0045Radiant burner

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of material heating technology, and more particularly to a rotary heating device. Background technique
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention needs to provide a rotary heating device by which the heat to be heated can be sufficiently and uniformly heated.
  • a rotary heating device includes: a main body, the main body defines a hollow cavity; a rotary cloth bed, the rotary cloth bed is disposed in the hollow cavity and includes a rotating material table and a support column,
  • the rotating material table houses the material to be heated, the support column is arranged to support the center of the rotating material table; a plurality of upper radiant tube burners, the upper radiant tube burner penetrating the side wall of the main body Arranging above the rotating material table along a circumferential direction of the rotating material table; and a plurality of lower radiant tube burners penetrating the side wall of the body and rotating along the same a circumferential direction of the material table is disposed below the rotating material table, wherein a portion of the upper radiant tube burner and the lower radiant tube burner outside the main body portion are respectively formed with a fuel and a combustion air intake pipe An exhaust pipe for exhausting combustion exhaust gas.
  • the rotary heating apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention by providing a plurality of upper radiant tube burners and lower radiant tube burners respectively disposed above and below the rotating material table on the main body, the heating material to be heated is sufficiently and uniformly heated, The heating efficiency is high and the running cost is low; and the exhaust pipe for discharging the combustion exhaust gas is respectively formed on the upper radiant tube burner and the lower radiant tube burner, and the hot gas and the pyrolysis generate oil and gas are completely isolated, safe and reliable.
  • the main body is formed with at least one discharge port for discharging the fluid generated by heating A mixture, the discharge port being disposed at a top, a side wall, and/or a bottom of the body.
  • the rotating material table is formed with a plurality of vent holes penetrating in the up and down direction, and a bottom of the body is formed with a fluid inlet to circulate the fluid mixture discharged from the discharge port back into the Inside the rotary heating unit.
  • the fluid mixture heated by the heating can be circulated back into the rotary heating device to enhance the movement of the fluid in the rotary heating device, thereby forming a forced convection phenomenon and improving the heating effect.
  • the fluid mixture produced by the heating comprises oil and gas.
  • the rotating material table is annular.
  • the surface of the rotating material table is a sealed radiant heat transfer surface.
  • the body has a cylindrical shape.
  • the plurality of upper radiant tube burners and the plurality of lower radiant tube burners are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating material table.
  • the heating temperature of the material to be heated is less than 800 degrees Celsius.
  • the rotating material table rotates in a counterclockwise direction or a clockwise direction.
  • the side wall and the bottom of the body are sealed with water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a rotary heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotary heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a rotary heating device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise stated.
  • a rotary heating apparatus includes: a main body 10, a rotary cloth bed 20, a plurality of upper radiant tube burners 30, and a lower radiant tube burner 40.
  • the main body 10 defines a hollow cavity 11
  • the rotary cloth bed 20 is disposed in the hollow cavity 11 and includes a rotating material table 21 and a support column 22 .
  • the rotating material table 21 houses the material to be heated
  • the support column 22 is disposed to support Rotate the center of the material table 21.
  • the upper radiant tube burner 30 penetrates the side wall of the body 10 and is disposed above the rotating material table 21 along the circumferential direction of the rotating material table 21, and the lower radiant tube burner 40 penetrates the side wall of the body 10 and rotates along the material
  • the circumferential direction of the stage 21 is arranged below the rotating material table 21.
  • a portion of the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner 40 located outside the main body 10 portion are respectively formed with a fuel and combustion air intake pipe and an exhaust pipe for discharging the combustion exhaust gas.
  • a portion of the upper radiant tube burner 30 that exposes the body 10 is formed with a fuel intake pipe 31, a combustion air intake pipe 32, and an exhaust pipe 33.
  • a portion of the lower radiant tube burner 40 that exposes the body 10 is formed with a fuel intake pipe 41 and combustion assisting. Air intake pipe 42 and exhaust pipe 43.
  • a plurality of upper radiant tube burners 30 and lower radiant tube burners 40 respectively disposed above and below the rotating material table 21 are disposed on the main body 10, within the apparatus
  • the radiant tube can be heated to obtain a high temperature environment with easy control and uniform temperature.
  • the heating material is heated enough, the heating efficiency is high, and the running cost is low.
  • the radiant tube burner is arranged in two directions, so that the material to be heated is evenly heated.
  • the number of radiant tubes is doubled under certain conditions of heat, so that the heating load of a single radiant tube is reduced, and the surface temperature is lowered, which effectively avoids further secondary cracking of a fluid mixture rich in oil, gas and the like due to heating.
  • the oil yield is remarkably improved; and the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner 40 are respectively formed with an exhaust pipe 33, 43 for discharging the combustion exhaust gas, and the heating gas and the fluid mixture generated by the heating are completely isolated. , safe and reliable, and can get pure gas with high calorific value.
  • the main body 10 is formed with at least one discharge port 12 for discharging a fluid mixture generated by heating, and the discharge port 12 is provided at the top, the side wall and/or the bottom of the main body 10.
  • the discharge port 12 is disposed at the top of the body 10 (as shown in Figures 2 and 3).
  • the rotary material table 21 is formed with a plurality of vent holes penetrating in the up and down direction, and the bottom of the body 10 is formed with a fluid inlet to circulate the fluid mixture generated by the heat discharge from the discharge port 12
  • the movement of the fluid in the rotary heating device can be enhanced, and a forced convection phenomenon can be formed and the heating effect can be improved.
  • the material disposed on the rotating material table 21 provided with the vent hole is suitable for selecting the bulk material, and the radial size of the block material is larger than the diameter of the vent hole, so that the gas can be realized from the rotating material table 21 While circulating upwards, material is prevented from falling out of the vent.
  • the fluid mixture generated by the heat discharged from the discharge port 12 enters the main body 10 through the fluid inlet, and is transported upward from the vent hole on the rotary material table 21 to The heat is transferred to the material on the rotating material table 21, and the heat in the fluid mixture generated by the heat discharged from the discharge port 12 can be fully utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved.
  • the rotating material table 21 is annular.
  • the surface of the rotating material table 32 is a sealed radiant heat transfer surface. Therefore, the rotating material table 21 adopts a large-span cantilever structure of inner and outer rings, and the surface of the rotating material table 21 is an integral radiant heat transfer surface without air flow pores, thereby avoiding leakage of small particle materials and fragile materials from the rotating material table 21.
  • the lower radiant tube burner 40 fixedly mounted below the rotating material table 21 is changed from a conventional end sleeve support to a cantilever support, and the rotary cloth bed 20 is for avoiding the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner. 40.
  • the rotating material table 21 is a cantilever disk structure supported by the support column 22, so that the overall structure satisfies the performance requirements of the two-way heating.
  • the material to be heated is spread on the rotating material table 21 at the charging point, and the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube are arranged in the upper and lower portions of the rotating material table 21 at two points.
  • the device 40 supplies heat to the material to be heated, and the material to be heated is heated and heated, and is heated during the movement from the charging point to the discharging point with the rotating material table 21, and the volatile component is released at a high temperature to generate oil-rich, A fluid mixture of components such as gas, and the remaining material is discharged to the discharge point.
  • the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner 40 use the gas and the combustion air to burn in the tube to provide heating heat, and the combustion produces exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipes 33, 43, and the fuel burning process and the material heating process are completely isolated, thereby generating High purity oil, gas and other products.
  • the main body 10 has a cylindrical shape. Accordingly, the hollow cavity 11 defined by the main body 10 is an annular furnace.
  • the plurality of upper radiant tube burners 30 and the plurality of lower radiant tube burners 40 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating material table 21. Thereby, the evenly distributed radiant tube burner can supply heat to the material to be heated sufficiently and uniformly, and the heating temperature is easy to control, so that the material to be heated can be heated quickly after entering the device.
  • the gas for combustion of the upper radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner 40 is not particularly limited and may be various gases of more than 700 kcal/Nm3.
  • the rotary heating device heats the material, it may be coal, oil shale, biomass, or the like containing various volatile components having a volatile component of more than 6%, according to an embodiment of the present invention, to be heated.
  • the heating temperature of the material is less than 800 degrees Celsius. Therefore, in this temperature range, it is possible to ensure that volatile components such as oil and gas in the material to be heated can be sufficiently released.
  • the direction of rotation of the rotary material table 21 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the feed point on the rotary material table 21 and the position of the discharge point.
  • the rotating material table 21 is rotated in a counterclockwise or clockwise direction.
  • the body 10 In order to ensure efficient discharge and collection of the oil- and gas-rich fluid mixture resulting from the heating, the body 10 needs to be sealed so that the resulting fluid mixture can only be discharged from the discharge port.
  • the side walls and bottom of the body 10 are water sealed.
  • the bottom of the rotary cloth bed 20 and the fixed portion of the bottom of the body 10 respectively extend downward to form a passage, and the passage is opened into the water-filled water container 50, and the water level in the water container 50 is higher than the passage opening. Form a water seal effect.
  • the radiant tube heating in the device can obtain an easy-to-control and uniform temperature high-temperature environment, and the heat of the material to be heated is sufficient, and the volatile matter in the volatile component can be extracted. , obtaining pure combustible gas, oil and low volatile solid fuel, high heating efficiency and low running cost;
  • the radiant tube burner 30 and the lower radiant tube burner 40 are respectively formed with an exhaust pipe for exhausting the combustion exhaust gas, and the supply of the hot gas and the fluid mixture generated by the heating is completely isolated, safe and reliable, and a pure gas of high calorific value can be obtained.

Abstract

一种旋转式加热装置,包括:主体(10),主体(10)限定有中空腔(11);旋转式布料床(20),旋转式布料床(20)设置在中空腔(11)内且包括旋转物料台(21)和支撑柱(22);多个上辐射管燃烧器(30);和多个下辐射管燃烧器(40),其中位于主体(10)部分之外的上辐射管燃烧器(30)和下辐射管燃烧器(40)的一部分上分别形成有燃料进气管(31,41)和助燃空气进气管(32,42)以及用于排出燃烧废气的排气管(33,43)。

Description

旋转式加热装置
技术领域
本发明涉及物料加热技术领域, 更具体地, 涉及一种旋转式加热装置。 背景技术
现有的对含挥发成分物料进行加热的技术通常对原料的适应性比较差, 同时对原料 的强度和粒度要求也比较高。 加热产品产出的油、 气收率低, 可燃气热值也比较低。 加 热过程都需固体或气体热载体、加热生成气体与加热烟气混合,因此产生油、气质量差, 从而导致其利用价值比较低。 此外, 待加热物料在反应装置内的停留时间不易控制、 物 料受热不均匀。 进一步地, 从生产规模而言, 单体装置炉的规模小, 工艺和装备也不能 适应大规模工业生产。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。 为此, 本发明需要提供一种 旋转式加热装置, 通过该旋转式加热装置, 能够对待加热物料给热充分且均匀。
根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置, 包括: 主体, 所述主体限定有中空腔; 旋转 式布料床, 所述旋转式布料床设置在所述中空腔内且包括旋转物料台和支撑柱, 所述旋 转物料台上容纳待加热物料, 所述支撑柱设置成支撑所述旋转物料台的中央; 多个上辐 射管燃烧器,所述上辐射管燃烧器穿透所述主体的侧壁并沿着所述旋转物料台的周向布 置在所述旋转物料台的上方; 和多个下辐射管燃烧器, 所述下辐射管燃烧器穿透所述主 体的侧壁并沿着所述旋转物料台的周向布置在所述旋转物料台的下方,其中位于所述主 体部分之外的所述上辐射管燃烧器和下辐射管燃烧器的一部分上分别形成有燃料和助 燃空气进气管以及用于排出燃烧废气的排气管。
根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置, 通过在主体上设置多个分别布置在旋转物料 台的上方和下方的上辐射管燃烧器和下辐射管燃烧器, 对待加热物料给热充分且均匀, 加热效率高, 运行成本低; 并且上辐射管燃烧器和下辐射管燃烧器上分别形成有排出燃 烧废气的排气管, 供热气体和热解产生油气完全隔绝, 安全可靠。
另外, 根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置, 还具有如下附加技术特征: 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述主体上形成有至少一个排出口, 所述排出口用于排 出加热生成的流体混合物, 所述排出口设置在所述主体的顶部、 侧壁和 /或者底部。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述旋转物料台上形成有多个沿上下方向贯通的通气 孔,所述主体的底部形成有流体进口以将所述排出口排出的流体混合物循环导回所述旋 转式加热装置内。由此,加热生成的流体混合物在循环导回所述的旋转式加热装置内后, 可加强所述的旋转式加热装置内流体的运动, 可形成强制对流现象并提升加热效果。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述加热生成的流体混合物包含油和煤气。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述旋转物料台为环形。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述旋转物料台的表面为密封辐射传热面。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述主体具有圆柱形。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述多个上辐射管燃烧器和所述多个下辐射管燃烧器沿 着所述旋转物料台的周向均匀分布。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述待加热物料的加热温度小于 800摄氏度。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述旋转物料台沿着逆时针方向或者顺时针方向旋转。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述主体的侧壁与底部采用水密封。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出, 部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显, 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解, 其中:
图 1是根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置的内部结构示意图;
图 2是根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置的结构示意图;
图 3是根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置的俯视图。 具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例, 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出, 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的, 仅用于解释本发明, 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中, 需要理解的是, 术语 "中心" 、 "纵向" 、 "横向" 、 "上" 、 "下" 、 "前" 、 "后" 、 "左" 、 "右" 、 "竖直" 、 "水平" 、 "顶" 、 "底" 、 "内"、 "外"等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系, 仅是为了 便于描述本发明和简化描述, 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方 位、 以特定的方位构造和操作, 因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。 此外, 术语"第一"、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的, 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的 技术特征的数量。 由此, 限定有 "第一" 、 "第二" 的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一 个或者更多个该特征。 在本发明的描述中, 除非另有说明, "多个 "的含义是两个或两 个以上。
在本发明的描述中, 需要说明的是, 除非另有明确的规定和限定, 术语 "安装" 、 "相连" 、 "连接 "应做广义理解, 例如, 可以是固定连接, 也可以是可拆卸连接, 或 一体地连接; 可以是机械连接, 也可以是电连接; 可以是直接相连, 也可以通过中间媒 介间接相连, 可以是两个元件内部的连通。 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言, 可以具体 情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。 下面结合附图具体描述根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置。
如图 1所示, 根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置包括: 主体 10、 旋转式布料床 20、 多个上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40。
具体而言, 主体 10限定有中空腔 11, 旋转式布料床 20设置在中空腔 11内且包括 旋转物料台 21和支撑柱 22, 旋转物料台 21上容纳待加热物料, 支撑柱 22设置成支撑 旋转物料台 21的中央。
上辐射管燃烧器 30穿透主体 10的侧壁并沿着旋转物料台 21的周向布置在旋转物 料台 21的上方,下辐射管燃烧器 40穿透主体 10的侧壁并沿着旋转物料台 21的周向布 置在旋转物料台 21的下方。
其中位于主体 10部分之外的上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40的一部分上 分别形成有燃料和助燃空气进气管以及用于排出燃烧废气的排气管。换言之, 上辐射管 燃烧器 30露出主体 10的部分形成有燃料进气管 31、助燃空气进气管 32以及排气管 33, 下辐射管燃烧器 40露出主体 10的部分形成有燃料进气管 41、助燃空气进气管 42以及 排气管 43。
由此, 根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置, 通过在主体 10上设置多个分别布置 在旋转物料台 21的上方和下方的上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40, 装置内辐 射管供热可得到易控制且均温的高温环境, 对待加热物料给热充分, 加热效率高, 运行 成本低; 辐射管燃烧器上、 下双向布置, 使待加热物料受热均匀, 在总供热量一定的条 件下辐射管数量增加一倍, 使单个辐射管供热负荷减小, 表面温度降低, 有效的避免了 因加热产生的富含油、煤气等成分的流体混合物进一步产生二次裂解, 显著的提高了油 产率;并且上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40上分别形成有排出燃烧废气的排气 管 33、 43, 供热气体和因加热生成的流体混合物完全隔绝, 安全可靠, 且可得到高热 值的纯净煤气。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 主体 10上形成有至少一个排出口 12, 排出口 11用于 排出因加热生成的流体混合物, 排出口 12设置在主体 10的顶部、 侧壁和 /或者底部。 有利地, 排出口 12设置在主体 10的顶部 (如图 2和图 3所示) 。 由此, 因加热生成的 流体混合物可以通过排出口 12快速排出, 减少高温环境下的二次裂解现象, 可以得到 高的油产率。
有利地, 根据本发明的一个实施例, 旋转物料台 21上形成有多个沿上下方向贯通 的通气孔,主体 10的底部形成有流体进口以将排出口 12排出的因加热生成的流体混合 物循环导回所述的旋转式加热装置内, 可加强所述的旋转式加热装置内流体的运动, 可 形成强制对流现象并提升加热效果。
需要说明的是, 设有通气孔的旋转物料台 21上所布置的物料适于选择块状物料, 且块状物料的径向尺寸大于通气孔的直径, 从而在实现气体可以从旋转物料台 21向上 流通的同时, 避免了物料从通气孔中掉落。 由此, 从排出口 12排出的因加热生成的流 体混合物通过流体进口进入主体 10内, 并从旋转物料台 21上的通气孔向上传输, 以将 热量传递给旋转物料台 21上的物料,可以充分利用从排出口 12排出的因加热生成的流 体混合物中的热量, 降低了能源消耗, 节约了成本。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 旋转物 料台 21为环形。 进一步地, 旋转物料台 32的表面为密封辐射传热面。 由此, 旋转物料 台 21采用内、 外环大跨度悬臂结构, 旋转物料台 21表面为整体辐射传热面, 无气流孔 隙, 避免了小颗粒物料和易碎物料漏下旋转物料台 21。 有利地, 旋转物料台 21下层固 定安装的下辐射管燃烧器 40 由常规的端部套管支撑改为悬臂支撑, 旋转式布料床 20 为了避开上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40, 旋转物料台 21为支撑柱 22支撑的 悬臂盘状结构, 使整体结构满足双向供热的性能要求。
根据本发明的旋转式加热装置,待加热物料在装料点处被铺布在旋转物料台 21上, 旋转物料台 21上部和下部双向多点布置有上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40向 待加热物料供热, 待加热物料受热升温, 在随旋转物料台 21从装料点到出料点运动过 程中进行加热, 内含挥发成分在高温下释放出从而产生富含油、煤气等成分的流体混合 物, 剩余物料运行至出料点后排出。上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40使用燃气 和助燃空气在管内燃烧提供加热用热量, 燃烧产生废气从排气管 33、 43排出, 燃料燃 烧过程和物料加热过程完全隔绝, 从而产生高纯油、 煤气等产品。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 如图 2和图 3所示, 主体 10具有圆柱形。 则相应地主 体 10限定的中空腔 11为环形炉膛。 优选地, 多个上辐射管燃烧器 30和多个下辐射管 燃烧器 40沿着旋转物料台 21的周向均匀分布。 由此, 均匀分布的辐射管燃烧器可以对 待加热物料给热充分且均匀, 并且供热温度易控制, 使待加热物料进入装置后能够快速 升温。
需要理解的是,上辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40燃烧用煤气没有特殊限制, 可以是大于 700kcal/Nm3的各种燃气。考虑到根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置加热 物料, 可以是煤、 油页岩、 生物质等含挥发成分大于 6 %的各种含挥发份物料, 根据本 发明的一个实施例, 待加热物料的加热温度小于 800摄氏度。 由此, 在该温度范围下可 以保证待加热物料内的油、 气等挥发成分能够充分释放出来。
关于旋转物料台 21的旋转方向没有特殊限制,可以根据旋转物料台 21上进料点以 及出料点的位置进行合理调节。 可选地, 根据本发明的一个实施例, 旋转物料台 21沿 着逆时针方向或者顺时针方向旋转。
为了保证有效地排出和收集因加热生成的富含油、煤气的流体混合物, 需要对主体 10 进行密封处理, 以使产生的流体混合物只能从排出口排出。 可选地, 根据本发明的 一个实施例, 主体 10的侧壁与底部采用水密封。 换言之, 旋转式布料床 20的底部与本 体 10 底部的固定部位分别向下延伸形成通道, 并且将该通道通入装水的盛水容器 50 内, 盛水容器 50内的水位高于通道开口, 形成水密封效果。
总而言之, 根据本发明实施例的旋转式加热装置, 装置内辐射管供热可得到易控制 且均温的高温环境, 对待加热物料给热充分, 可以将含挥发成分的物料中的挥发份提取 出来, 得到纯净可燃气体、 油和低挥发份固体燃料, 加热效率高, 运行成本低; 并且上 辐射管燃烧器 30和下辐射管燃烧器 40上分别形成有排出燃烧废气的排气管,供热气体 和因加热生成的流体混合物完全隔绝, 安全可靠, 可得到高热值的纯净煤气。
在本说明书的描述中, 参考术语 "一个实施例" 、 "一些实施例" 、 "示意性实施 例" 、 "示例" 、 "具体示例" 、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描 述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说 明书中, 对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且, 描述的具 体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结 合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例, 本领域的普通技术人员可以理解: 在不脱 离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型, 本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
主体, 所述主体限定有中空腔;
旋转式布料床, 所述旋转式布料床设置在所述中空腔内且包括旋转物料台和支撑柱, 所述旋转物料台上容纳待加热物料, 所述支撑柱设置成支撑所述旋转物料台的中央;
多个上辐射管燃烧器, 所述上辐射管燃烧器穿透所述主体的侧壁并沿着所述旋转物料 台的周向布置在所述旋转物料台的上方; 和
多个下辐射管燃烧器, 所述下辐射管燃烧器穿透所述主体的侧壁并沿着所述旋转物料 台的周向布置在所述旋转物料台的下方, 其中
位于所述主体部分之外的所述上辐射管燃烧器和下辐射管燃烧器的一部分上分别形成 有燃料和助燃空气进气管以及用于排出燃烧废气的排气管。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述主体上形成有至少一个 排出口, 所述排出口用于排出加热生成的流体混合物, 所述排出口设置在所述主体的顶部、 侧壁和 /或者底部。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述旋转物料台上形成有多 个沿上下方向贯通的通气孔, 所述主体的底部形成有流体进口以将所述排出口排出的流体 混合物循环导回所述旋转式加热装置内。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述加热生成的流体混合物 包含油和煤气。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述旋转物料台为环形。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述旋转物料台的表面为密 封辐射传热面。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述主体具有圆柱形。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述多个上辐射管燃烧器和 所述多个下辐射管燃烧器沿着所述旋转物料台的周向均匀分布。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述待加热物料的加热温度 小于 800摄氏度。
10、 根据权利要求 1 所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述旋转物料台沿着逆时 针方向或者顺时针方向旋转。
11、 根据权利要求 1 所述的旋转式加热装置, 其特征在于, 所述主体的侧壁与底部采 用水密封。
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