WO2014110806A1 - Réservation de canal et transmission synchrone - Google Patents

Réservation de canal et transmission synchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110806A1
WO2014110806A1 PCT/CN2013/070711 CN2013070711W WO2014110806A1 WO 2014110806 A1 WO2014110806 A1 WO 2014110806A1 CN 2013070711 W CN2013070711 W CN 2013070711W WO 2014110806 A1 WO2014110806 A1 WO 2014110806A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wlan node
message
cts
node
send
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/070711
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English (en)
Inventor
Wei Zou
Zhenhong Li
Haifeng Wang
Shi Chen
Xianjun FENG
Original Assignee
Broadcom Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Broadcom Corporation filed Critical Broadcom Corporation
Priority to PCT/CN2013/070711 priority Critical patent/WO2014110806A1/fr
Publication of WO2014110806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110806A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance

Definitions

  • the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of this invention relate generally to wireless communication systems, methods, devices and computer programs and, more specifically, relate to radio resource management in wireless networks which in the examples herein comprise multiple devices and synchronous transmission of the devices over a network.
  • a request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) handshake is utilized to reserve the unlicensed channel for transmission, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the RTS/CTS exchange is part of what is known as a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism.
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance
  • the data source sends a request to send (RTS) addressed to the intended destination and, if the sender receives from the destination a CTS frame after a short inter-frame space (SIFS), the source will send a DATA frame to the destination. Finally, the destination will send an acknowledgment (ACK) frame to confirm its successful reception of the DATA fame.
  • RTS request to send
  • SIFS short inter-frame space
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • Other stations will update their network allocation vector (NAV) to the end of ACK frame after hearing either or both of the RTS/CTS frames, which carry the NAV information.
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • these other stations will keep silent until the end of the NAV.
  • collision can only happen at the relatively short RTS frame, leading to a much smaller resource waste compared with the case where collision happens at the long DATA frame when an RTS/CTS handshake is not utilized.
  • a DATA frame can be as long as 20 milliseconds while the general length of distributed inter-frame space (DIFS), SIFS, RTS, CTS and ACK frame is in the tens of microseconds.
  • DIFS distributed inter-frame space
  • Figure 2 shows a problem referred to as the exposed-node problem, where STA3 cannot send data to STA4 due to the reception of the RTS frame transmitted from STA1 to STA2 because that RTS frame will disable transmission by STA3 in the reserved NAV period.
  • STA1, STA2, STA3 and STA4 represent wireless local area network nodes (WLAN nodes), or other electronic communication devices.
  • the intersecting ovals of range 1 and range 2 represent the coverage area for transmissions from STA1 and STA2, respectively. Since STA3 is only within the oval surrounding STA1 it only receives transmissions from STA1 and not STA2.
  • STA3 the exposed node
  • STA4 concurrently without affecting the primary data transmission from STA1 to STA2
  • STA3 will not do so due to the NAV it learned from STA 1 ' s RTS .
  • a STA can find itself an exposed node by monitoring the reception status of RTS and CTS frames from the primary pair (i.e., STA1 and STA2 in the Figure 2 example). For example, when STA3 finds that it can decode the RTS frame (from the primary pair) successfully, it will continue to monitor the channel. If no CTS frame is received at STA3 before the detection of a DATA frame, STA3 will consider itself an exposed node.
  • a method for controlling a wireless local area network node comprises: in response to determining that the WLAN node is an exposed node while having data to transmit to a peer WLAN node, transmitting to the peer WLAN node a modified clear-to-send (CTS') message on a channel while the channel is reserved for a primary WLAN node pair.
  • CTS' clear-to-send
  • the method further comprises transmitting data to the peer WLAN node only in response to receiving a clear-to-send CTS message from the peer WLAN node in reply to the transmitted modified CTS' message.
  • the apparatus comprises a processing system, and the processing system comprises at least one processor and a memory storing a set of computer instructions.
  • the processing system is configured to cause the apparatus at least to: in response to determining that the WLAN node is an exposed node while having data to transmit to a peer WLAN node, transmitting to the peer WLAN node a modified clear-to-send (CTS') message on a channel while the channel is reserved for a primary WLAN node pair.
  • CTS' clear-to-send
  • the processing system is configured to further cause the apparatus to transmitting data to the peer WLAN node only in response to receiving a clear-to-send CTS message from the peer WLAN node in reply to the transmitted modified CTS' message.
  • a computer readable memory tangibly storing a set of computer executable instructions for controlling a wireless local area network node (WLAN node).
  • the set of computer executable instructions comprises: code for in response to determining that the WLAN node is an exposed node while having data to transmit to a peer WLAN node, transmitting to the peer WLAN node a modified clear-to-send (CTS') message on a channel while the channel is reserved for a primary WLAN node pair.
  • CTS' modified clear-to-send
  • the computer executable instructions further comprises code for transmitting data to the peer WLAN node only in response to receiving a clear-to-send CTS message from the peer WLAN node in reply to the transmitted modified CTS's message.
  • Figure 1 is a prior art signaling diagram that illustrates resource reservation by RTS/CTS handshake in a WLAN.
  • Figure 2 is a high level schematic of a radio network environment that illustrates an example of the exposed node problem.
  • Figure 3 is similar to Figure 2 but with additional STAs, and illustrating an example of collisions between simultaneous transmissions at neighboring exposed nodes.
  • Figure 4 is a high level signaling diagram illustrating an example procedure for channel reservation signaling exchange by synchronous transmission and receiving in the secondary pair according to certain embodiments of these teachings.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of frame control field of the modified CTS' frame according to certain embodiments of these teachings.
  • Figure 6 is a high level signaling diagram illustrating an example of the concurrent transmission implementation when fragmented transmissions are applied in the primary pair according to certain embodiments of these teachings.
  • FIG. 7 is a logic flow diagram that illustrates a method for controlling a wireless local area network node (WLAN node), and a result of execution by an apparatus of a set of computer program instructions embodied on a computer readable memory for operating or otherwise controlling such a WLAN node, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments of these teachings.
  • WLAN node wireless local area network node
  • FIG 8 is a simplified block diagram of multiple user equipments (UE's), and a WLAN AP which are exemplary electronic devices suitable for use in practicing the exemplary embodiments of these teachings.
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • E-UTRAN evolved UTRAN
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the exposed-node problem can be partially solved by opportunistic synchronous transmission at the exposed node shown in Figure 3, where STA3 can send a DATA frame to its destination opportunistically after STA3 finds itself an exposed node.
  • the transmission coverage area for STA1 and STA2 are represented by range 1 and range 2, respectively.
  • the wireless local area network node (WLAN node) is referred to as a station or STA and the (non-STA) access node is referred to as an access point or AP.
  • AP access point
  • CTS' a modified CTS frame
  • CTS2 Another CTS frame (shown as CTS2 in Figures 4 and 6) is sent from the peer STA simultaneously with the primary ACK frame as the peer' s response to the modified CTS' frame, if a CTS' frame from the exposed node is received successfully.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of collisions between simultaneous transmissions at neighboring exposed nodes.
  • STA1 sends an RTS to STA2.
  • the intersecting ovals surrounding STA1 and STA2 represent each area/range of transmission where signals can be received. Since STA3 and STA5 are outside STA2's range, they only receive the RTS sent from STA1 and do not receive the CTS sent from STA2.
  • Potential interference at STA4 comes from two sources: one is the simultaneous transmission by another exposed node near to STA3 (e.g., STA5); the other is WLAN transmissions from a remote WLAN device who does not hear the transmission of STA3.
  • a novel channel reservation mechanism at the exposed node of WLAN devices is detailed herein.
  • a slotted period is defined in the primary DATA frame after a STA finds itself an exposed node. This slotted time period should finish at the end of the primary DATA frame.
  • a modified CTS frame (referred to as CTS' frame in the following) can be sent from the exposed node.
  • the exposed node e.g., STA3 in Figure 3
  • the slot size is large enough to accommodate one CTS' frame, whose size is from 24 ⁇ & to 44 ⁇ 8 in one non-limiting embodiment (assuming we use the same size as specified for the CTS by IEEE 802.11a/g).
  • the transmitted CTS' frame will disable the transmissions of the other WLAN devices near to the exposed node. It should be noted that each exposed node can only send one CTS' frame at the beginning of one slot. This is different from the frame transmission method in the traditional CSMA/CA mechanism. If the peer STA of the exposed node (e.g., STA4) cannot receive the CTS' frame successfully, the whole process shown at Figure 4 stops.
  • the peer STA e.g., STA4
  • the peer STA of the exposed node e.g., STA4
  • the peer STA of the exposed node will monitor the unlicensed channel at the beginning of the ACK frame when it is allowed to transmit. If the channel is idle, it will send another CTS frame (shown as CTS2 in Figure 4) and the NAV information in this CTS2 frame will disable the transmissions of the other WLAN devices near to STA4. If the channel is busy, no CTS2 is transmitted and the whole process stops.
  • STA3 receives a CTS2 frame successfully, the following DATA frame and ACK response will be transmitted between this secondary pair (STA3 and STA4) as shown at Figure 4; otherwise, the whole process stops.
  • FIG. 4 diagrams the above process in detail, where the transmission frames are shown as shaded vertical bars. For clarity of the signaling the SIFS between frames is not particularly illustrated in Figure 4 but is assumed present.
  • a channel can be reserved successfully by a secondary WLAN node pair (STA3 and STA4) during the NAV period of WLAN transmissions among a primary WLAN node pair (STA1 and STA2).
  • STA3 and STA4 the process following the CTS' frame is different from that following a conventional CTS frame.
  • STA4 needs to start monitoring the slotted period only after it recognizes a correct CTS' frame.
  • the CTS' frame is differentiated from a conventional CTS frame according to these teachings, in a manner that still allows it to be recognized by other WLAN devices as a frame that reserves the channel (i.e. other WLAN devices will still consider it as a CTS frame and keep silent based on the NAV information in it).
  • the exposed node STA3 will postpone its DATA frame (the first data fragment between the secondary pair) and monitor the PLCP header of the second-in-time fragment frame between the primary pair STA1 and STA2 (i.e. 'Fragl' as shown in Figure 6) in order to get the information of the next NAV ('NAV3' as shown in Figure 6).
  • the exposed node (STA3 in Figure 6) will send its first fragment (with the updated NAV information in it) synchronously to the primary pair.
  • Embodiments of these teachings provide the technical effect of enabling the unlicensed-band channel to be reserved successfully by an exposed node before the NAV of the primary pair ends, and the unlicesed-band channel can thus be utilized more efficiently. Collision between exposed nodes are avoided since only the first CTS' frame will be considered as the valid CTS' frame; and only when the STA's MAC address is the same as the destination MAC adderss of the valid CTS' frame will that STA respond with CTS2 frame and continue the process. Concurrent transmissions from an exposed node can be performed successfully even when fragmented transmissions are utilized by the primary pair, leading to a much higher spectrum effeciency.
  • FIG. 7 presents a summary of the above teachings for controlling and/or for operating a wireless local area network node (WLAN node) such as for example one capable of operating in a WLAN network.
  • WLAN node wireless local area network node
  • the WLAN node that did the determining transmits to the peer WLAN node a modified clear-to-send (CTS') message on a channel while the channel is reserved for a primary WLAN pair; and it transmits data to the peer WLAN node only in response to receiving a clear-to-send CTS message from the peer WLAN node in reply to the transmitted modified CTS' message.
  • CTS' clear-to-send
  • Block 706 of Figure 7 specifies one embodiment in which all of the said transmissions occur in license exempt radio spectrum.
  • Block 708 further specifies determining that the WLAN node is an exposed node comprises detecting that a first WLAN node of the primary WLAN node pair transmitted a request- to- send (RTS) message and data without detecting that a second WLAN node of the primary WLAN node pair sent a CTS message in reply to the RTS message prior to the data.
  • RTS request- to- send
  • Block 710 in Figure 7 specifies wherein the modified clear- to-send CTS' message is transmitted to the peer WLAN node in a slot that is randomly selected from a slotted period defined by time period information comprised in the request- to- send (RTS) message.
  • Block 712 specifies that the modified clear-to-send CTS' message is distinguished from the clear-to-send (CTS) message by only a single bit value in a frame control field.
  • Block 714 specifies wherein the CTS message is received from the peer WLAN node at the expiration of a time period when the channel is reserved for the primary WLAN node pair, wherein the time period is synchronized with transmissions of the primary WLAN node pair.
  • Block 716 in Figure 7 specifies further in response to determining that the primary WLAN node pair are communicating data in a fragmented mode, imposing a listening period after a period of time when the channel is reserved for the primary WLAN node pair when transmitting the data to the peer WLAN node in response to receiving the clear-to-send CTS message.
  • An additional step can be added wherein during the imposed listening period, monitor a header of a data fragment sent between the primary WLAN node pair to determine a network allocation vector.
  • these steps can be executed by a WLAN node which is operating as a station in a wireless local area network (WLAN). Additionally, these steps can also be executed by a WLAN node which is operating as an access point in a WLAN.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the logic diagram of Figure 7 may be considered to illustrate the operation of a method, and a result of execution of a computer program stored in a computer readable memory, and a specific manner in which components of an electronic device are configured to cause that electronic device to operate, whether such an electronic device is the WLAN node, a UE or some other portable electronic device.
  • the various blocks shown in Figure 7 may also be considered as a plurality of coupled logic circuit elements constructed to carry out the associated function(s), or specific result of strings of computer program code or instructions stored in a memory.
  • Such blocks and the functions they represent are non-limiting examples, and may be practiced in various components such as integrated circuit chips and modules, and that the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be realized in an apparatus that is embodied as an integrated circuit.
  • the integrated circuit, or circuits may comprise circuitry (as well as possibly firmware) for embodying at least one or more of a data processor or data processors, a digital signal processor or processors, baseband circuitry and radio frequency circuitry that are configurable so as to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention.
  • circuit/circuitry embodiments include any of the following: (a) hardware- only circuit implementations (such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry) and (b) combinations of circuits and software (and/or firmware), such as: (i) a combination of processor(s) or (ii) portions of processor(s)/software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a user equipment/UE, to perform the various functions summarized at Figure 7 and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present.
  • circuitry would also cover an implementation of merely a processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a wireless local area network node (WLAN node), a user equipment UE or for a network access node/eNB or a similar integrated circuit in a server or other network device which operates according to these teachings.
  • WLAN node wireless local area network node
  • UE user equipment UE
  • eNB network access node/eNB
  • a user equipment (UE) 24 is adapted for communication over a wireless link 25 with an apparatus, such as a mobile terminal or UE 22.
  • the UE 22 may be any electronic device or user equipment for communication over any wireless network, such as a WLAN.
  • the STA WLAN node was a UE.
  • the UE 24 includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 24A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 24B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 24C, communication means such as a transmitter TX 24D and a receiver RX 24E for bidirectional wireless communications with the UE 22 over the WLAN. All of these wireless communications are via one or more antennas 24F. Also stored in the MEM 24B at reference number 24G are CTS' and CTS2 frame processing which enable the UE 24 to use the messages it receives from the UE 22 to configure itself for WLAN communications according to embodiments above. Those embodiments are described in further detail above.
  • the UE 22 also includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 22A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 22B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 22C, and communication means such as a transmitter TX 22D and a receiver RX 22E for bidirectional wireless communications with the UE 20 on the WLAN via one or more antennas 22F.
  • the UE 22 stores at block 22G CTS' and CTS2 frame processing to configure itself for WLAN communications according to the embodiments above.
  • the WLAN AP 26 includes processing means such as at least one data processor (DP) 26A, storing means such as at least one computer-readable memory (MEM) 26B storing at least one computer program (PROG) 26C, and communication means such as a transmitter TX 26D and a receiver RX 26E for bidirectional wireless communications with the UE 20, UE 22 and UE 24 via one or more antennas 26F.
  • the WLAN AP 26 stores at block 26G its own CTS' and CTS2 frame processing for configuring the WLAN according to the various embodiments detailed above.
  • those devices are also assumed to include as part of their wireless communicating means a modem and/or a chipset which may or may not be built-in onto an RF front end chip within those devices which also operates according to the WLAN as set forth above.
  • At least one of the PROGs 24C in the UE 24 is assumed to include a set of program instructions that, when executed by the associated DP 24A, enable the device to operate in accordance with the exemplary embodiments of this invention, as detailed above.
  • the UE 24 also has software stored in its MEM 24B to implement certain aspects of these teachings such as CTS' and CTS2 frame processing.
  • the WLAN AP 26 may also have implementing software to put into effect the teachings herein as detailed above.
  • the exemplary embodiments of this invention may be implemented at least in part by computer software stored on the MEM 24B, 24B which is executable by the DP 24A of the UE 24 and/or by the DP 22A of the UE 22, and/or by the DP 26A of the WLAN AP 26; or by hardware, or by a combination of tangibly stored software and hardware (and tangibly stored firmware) in any one or more of these devices 20, 22, 24.
  • Electronic devices implementing these aspects of the invention need not be the entire devices as depicted at Figure 8 or may be one or more components of same such as the above described tangibly stored software, hardware, firmware and DP, or a system on a chip SOC or an application specific integrated circuit ASIC.
  • the various embodiments of the UE 20, UE 22, and UE 24 or a WLAN node can include, but are not limited to personal portable digital devices having wireless communication capabilities, including but not limited to cellular telephones, navigation devices, laptop/palmtop/tablet computers, digital cameras and music devices, and Internet appliances.
  • Various embodiments of the computer readable MEMs 20B, 22B, 24B, 26B include any data storage technology type which is suitable to the local technical environment, including but not limited to semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory, removable memory, disc memory, flash memory, DRAM, SRAM, EEPROM and the like.
  • Various embodiments of the DPs 20 A, 22A, 24A, 26 A include but are not limited to general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and multi-core processors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Selon des modes de réalisation de l'invention, en réponse à la détermination du fait que le nœud de réseau local sans fil (nœud WLAN) est un nœud exposé tout en possédant des données à transmettre à un nœud WLAN homologue, le nœud WLAN ainsi déterminé transmet au nœud WLAN homologue un message prêt-à-émettre (CTS') modifié sur un canal alors que le canal est réservé pour une paire de nœuds WLAN primaires. Ces modes de réalisation consistent également à transmettre des données au nœud WLAN homologue uniquement en réponse à la réception du message CTS prêt-à-émettre provenant du nœud WLAN homologue en réponse au message CTS' modifié transmis.
PCT/CN2013/070711 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 Réservation de canal et transmission synchrone WO2014110806A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108513319A (zh) * 2017-02-28 2018-09-07 华为技术有限公司 无线网络中的数据传输方法及装置

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WO2005025140A1 (fr) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-17 Intel Corporation Procede et dispositif permettant d'adapter un seuil d'activation d'un mecanisme de protection de trames de donnees
CN101098296A (zh) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-02 西门子（中国）有限公司 控制无线信道访问竞争的方法及装置
CN101150469A (zh) * 2007-10-24 2008-03-26 山东大学 一种无线局域网中基于退避机制的分组调度方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005025140A1 (fr) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-17 Intel Corporation Procede et dispositif permettant d'adapter un seuil d'activation d'un mecanisme de protection de trames de donnees
CN101098296A (zh) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-02 西门子（中国）有限公司 控制无线信道访问竞争的方法及装置
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