WO2014108892A1 - Surfaces super-hydrophobes dans des systèmes comprenant un liquide - Google Patents

Surfaces super-hydrophobes dans des systèmes comprenant un liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014108892A1
WO2014108892A1 PCT/IL2014/050001 IL2014050001W WO2014108892A1 WO 2014108892 A1 WO2014108892 A1 WO 2014108892A1 IL 2014050001 W IL2014050001 W IL 2014050001W WO 2014108892 A1 WO2014108892 A1 WO 2014108892A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrophobic
nano
pressure
imprinting
pipe
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Application number
PCT/IL2014/050001
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English (en)
Inventor
Elad Mor
Yuval Ofir
Original Assignee
Elad Mor
Yuval Ofir
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Elad Mor, Yuval Ofir filed Critical Elad Mor
Publication of WO2014108892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014108892A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
    • B29C59/043—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts for profiled articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/022—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing characterised by the disposition or the configuration, e.g. dimensions, of the embossments or the shaping tools therefor
    • B29C2059/023—Microembossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0093—Other properties hydrophobic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pressure and/or flow rate reduction, and the prevention of sediments and/or damages that are normally caused by the presence of liquids in liquid-comprising systems. More particularly, the invention relates to the field of super-hydrophobic surfaces provided in liquid-comprising systems, such as irrigation systems and drippers.
  • liquid-comprising systems such as irrigation systems
  • there are potential damages inflicted by liquid flow in the system and/or stagnant liquid since they often contain substances that cling to the walls, for example, plant nutrients, pesticides, accumulation of suspended solids, chemical precipitations like scale and Iron that can be found in water, depending on water quality.
  • irrigation network is a water system that comprises drippers that regulate the amount of emitted water, and therefore are also referred to as "emitters".
  • emitters When a system that comprises emitters is clogged, it is often caused by the presence of different materials and/or contaminants in the water that flows through the system, such as organic agents, grit, and algae. When a certain amount of sediment is accumulated, the drippers can become unusable. Of course the damage can be inflicted on every part of the water system that comes in contact with water. Such damages can cause changes in flow rate, pressure, sectional areas, etc.
  • water systems are sometimes referred to as "water systems" for they are very common, but of course the reference to water can be replaced with any other fluid - liquid or vapor, and does not mean to limit the invention only to water or in any other way.
  • An example of a water system is an emitters-comprising system, wherein the emitters comprise a water flow and pressure reduction channel - a "labyrinth channel” or “labyrinth”, through which water that enter the emitter must flow through to reach the emitter's outlet.
  • the labyrinth channel is a high resistance flow channel along which pressure of fluid that flows through the emitter drops relatively rapidly along the labyrinth channel, from a relatively high pressure which prevails substantially at or near the emitter inlet, to a relatively low discharge pressure, usually a gauge pressure equal to about zero, substantially at or near the emitter's outlet.
  • the labyrinth channel generally comprises a tortuous "obstacle" flow-path that generates turbulence flow in the labyrinth, to reduce pressure and discharge of fluid by the emitter.
  • the problem that is related to the flow in the labyrinth is that particles are intended to be caught in the turbulent stream, flow in circles and may cause blockages.
  • irrigation systems are limited in length, depends on emitters spacing and channel diameter. Another disadvantage caused by pressure dropping along the channel is inconsistence distribution of fluid.
  • pressure-compensating drip- emitters may get clogged during operation when they are exposed to low quality water with suspended solids and chemical precipitates. Damaging substances are sometimes formed inside the water network, even if the incoming water were initially clean of them, because certain environmental condition, common in water systems, induce the formation of those substances, like algae. Such organic agents can clog the emitter. Thus, even if the flow path through the emitter is sufficient to pass grit alone, it may not pass the grit if algae are present.
  • specific surfaces of marine vessels can be converted to be superhydrophobic and therefore prevent biological fouling (i.e. Biofouling), undesirable accumulation of micro-organisms, algae and diatoms, plants, and animals on the surfaces.
  • biological fouling i.e. Biofouling
  • irrigation systems are designed to reduce scale and algae clogging by comprising complex emitters, which increases the cost of the product. Even the best irrigation systems suffer from scale and algae clogging and they are very sensitive to water quality.
  • drippers Another field wherein the use of drippers is common is metals extraction. Many mines are provided with drippers for a "heap leaching" process - a process comprising series of chemical reactions that absorbs specific minerals and then re-separate them after their separation from other earth materials. The chemicals are added through drip systems. Since the concentration of particles in the water is relatively high in this process, it is crucial to use a special labyrinth design (e.g. Cascade Labyrinth) and/or perform a flushing process very often.
  • labyrinth design e.g. Cascade Labyrinth
  • the present invention relates to the manufacture and use of super- hydrophobic structures for preventing damages to liquid-comprising systems, but before addressing the manufacturing and uses of super- hydrophobic surfaces, it is important to present the definition of a super- hydrophobic surface:
  • the definition of the amount of rejection between a surface and a liquid or a vapor material is determined by the contact angle (also known as - wetting angle), which is measured through the liquid/vapor, where its interface meets a solid surface.
  • Super-hydrophobic surfaces have a contact angle larger than 150 degrees. This type of surface repels liquid/vapor materials by leaving a layer of air between the surface and said materials. The repulsion between a fluid and a surface prevents friction between them and allows, among other things, a higher velocity in the contact point of the material and the surface. The repulsion and the ability of a fluid to maintain high velocity are in direct link with the angle and they increase when the contact angle is enlarged.
  • Super-hydrophobic surfaces can be manufactured by using different methods, one of which is imprinting a desired pattern on a surface to create small-dimensional structures provided with gaps between them.
  • the gaps naturally host a gas component, such as air, and provide isolation when the fluid comes in contact with a super-hydrophobic surface. Such isolation provides the necessary repelling between the fluid and the surface.
  • imprinting should be read in its broad meaning, to also include “thermally-embossing”.
  • the imprinting method can be replaced with any other method which will produce a super-hydrophobic surface, like lithography, etching, burn by laser beams or any other burn device, adding material to the surface, or any other method used to form a small-dimension structural surface.
  • Another suitable process for super-hydrophobic imprint is injection- compression molding (ICM) process, hot punching, etc.
  • each small structure comprising the surface are of nano/micro-meter size.
  • Such structures may relate to imprinting features having dimensions of less than 100 pm, preferably less than 50 pm, or more preferably less than 25 pm.
  • Super-hydrophobic nano/micro-meter imprinting may relate to imprinting features having peak-to-peak post dimensions of less than 200 pm, preferably 1 to 100 pm, more preferably 25 to 100 pm for the micro structure and 500 to 10 nm to the nano structure and can also relate to imprinting features having post height dimensions being less than 300 pm, preferably 1 pm to 150 nm, more preferably 1 to 80 pm for the micro structure and 500 to 10 nm to the nano structure.
  • Super-hydrophobic nano/micro-meter imprinting may further relate to imprinting features having post diameter dimensions being less than 300 pm, preferably 1 pm to 150 nm, more preferably 1 to 80 pm for the micro structure and 500 to 10 nm to the nano structure. All super-hydrophobic nano/micro-meter imprinting features dimensions above, refer to the final processed dimensions.
  • the surface being imprinted with the micro/nano-meter pattern may be non-planar on a macroscopic scale.
  • the concept of a macroscopic scale may be defined as the length scale where objects are measurable and observable with the naked eye of a person with normal vision. More specifically, the macroscopic scale may be defined as a length above approximately 1 millimeter.
  • micro/nano-structures can be placed on/in a surface through paint, coating or by adding a plastic film "carrying" the structures. By imprinting directly onto the surface (or indirectly; onto a mold surface which defines the surface topography) the structures can be made directly, or indirectly, in a way which is integrated with the existing production methods.
  • textured article should be read in its broad meaning, for all the structures (articles) that can undergo imprinting or a thermal-embossing process and carry a micro/nano-structures.
  • Lithography encompasses many different types of surface preparation in which a design is transferred from a master onto a substrate surface, allowing multiple copies to be made. Methods closest to the original meaning of the term involve contact between an inked stamp and the substrate, with micrometer- sized features being standard and the newly established nano-imprint lithography (NIL) allowing smaller patterns to be produced.
  • NIL nano-imprint lithography
  • Photolithography a photoactive polymer layer is irradiated through a mask followed by developing stages where either the exposed or unexposed polymer is removed, leaving a positive or negative image of the mask on the surface. Photolithography can be subdivided into different categories depending on the radiation used: UV, X-ray, e-beam, interference lithography, Bosch etch, etc.
  • Lithography is useful for generating super-hydrophobic surfaces where the shape of the features and the pattern is well-defined.
  • Fig. IB An example is shown in Fig. IB for structure 106 that cannot be produced with the technologies describe above, e.g. e-beam, interference lithography, Bosch etch, etc.
  • the super-hydrophobic surface needs to be produced (e.g. inner mold) and only then transformed into a tubular structure. Then the inner mold is dissolved, (example shown in US 8,047,235). That fact indicates a time-consuming process that includes at least two steps in the manufacturing process, wherein each step requires different equipment.
  • Irrigation systems can work for hours, or be turned off for several days when there is no evaporation of the remaining water. In any case there is constantly flowing or still water in the system, and the contact angle is crucial for the rejection of undesired remaining water. Furthermore, water flow systems absorb pressure hammering, known as 'water hammering' during operation, including the opening and closing of the system's valves.
  • the overall area of the micro structure side wall can reach 25 to 70 percent of the original super hydrophobic hierarchical substrate area and depends on the post density, i.e., a large surface area is exposed to composite solid-liquid-air interface instability.
  • a method for providing a patterned surface comprises:
  • the nano/micro-patterned surface is hydrophobic and in another embodiment it has a wetting angle greater than 140°, preferably above 150°.
  • the surface to be patterned can be a part of a liquid conduit such as a pipe, e.g., a watering system pipe.
  • patterned surfaces whenever manufactured by the method of the invention, as well as devices comprising a patterned surface such as liquid conduits (e.g., pipes).
  • liquid conduits e.g., pipes
  • the invention is further directed to a device, selected from a conduit, pipe, emitter or device with hydrophobic surface, characterized by a wetting angle greater than 140°, preferably above 150°, whenever manufactured by the method of the invention.
  • a device which is a folding conduit or pipe the internal surface area of which was changed with heat and/or pressure using an imprinting/thermal-embossing belt device.
  • Fig. 1A schematically shows a drop of liquid on top of a super- hydrophobic surface, and the contact angle between them;
  • Fig. IB is an enlarged view of the contact angle of Fig. 1A;
  • Fig. 2A schematically shows the velocity profile of a fluid inside a tubular structure, wherein there is no slip between the fluid and the surface;
  • Fig. 2B schematically shows the velocity profile of a fluid inside a tubular structure, wherein there is slip between the fluid and the surface;
  • Fig. 3A shows a schematic illustration of an imprinting process, according to one embodiment of the invention, wherein the surface on which the pattern is imprinted is the surface of a string that goes through a "roll-to-roll" system;
  • Fig. 3B is an enlarged view of the imprinting roll-to-roll system of Fig. 3A, wherein the un-patterned string goes through rolls that comprise an imprinting surface;
  • Fig. 3C shows the outcome of the process of Fig. 3A - the patterned string and the resulting surface
  • Fig. 4A shows a group of patterned strings in a "criss-cross" shaped array
  • Fig. 4B shows a surface with a "criss-cross" shaped pattern, and an enlarge view of the surface
  • Fig. 5 shows two surfaces wherein one of them is an imprinted surface which is made of a material with a relatively high melting and/or softening point, comprising a nano-structural surface, and the other is a surface made of a material with a relatively low melting and/or softening point;
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the positioning of a group of strings between a patterned surface and another surface
  • Fig. 7A shows the final result of an imprinting process of a nano- structural surface and a grid structure, according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 7B is an enlarged view of Fig. 7A, showing the nano- structural surface and the grid structure;
  • Fig. 8A and Fig. 8B illustrate a method for imprints flat substrate with super- hydrophobic structure
  • Fig. 9 illustrates the implementation of the imprinting method for imprinting flat substrates with super-hydrophobic structure as described in Figs. 8A and 8B, in a folding irrigation or in generally 'folding conduits;
  • Fig. 10 (A and B) describes the forming and imprinting of a labyrinth foil
  • Fig. 11 illustrates another possible process, according to another embodiment of the invention, providing a super-hydrophobic structure comprising a nano- structural surface and a grid imprint, by using a rotational device;
  • Fig. 12A illustrates another possible process, according to another embodiment of the invention, providing a super-hydrophobic structure comprising a nano- structural surface and a grid imprint, by using a dip coating process;
  • Fig. 12B and Fig. 12C are enlarged views, showing the polymer during the process of Fig. 12A;
  • Fig. 13A and Fig. 13B show one possible de-molding process after the process of Fig. 12A;
  • Fig. 14A shows an exemplary use of a super hydrophobic structure in a dripper
  • Fig. 14B shows an exemplary super-hydrophobic structure, suitable to be used in the dripper of Fig. 12A.
  • the invention relates to a device comprising super-hydrophobic surfaces as inside walls in fluid-comprising systems and in liquid conduits, for preventing and/or decreasing sediments of different materials which can cause problems such as pressure, flow, or sectional area changes, and for improving the flow through a channel, allowing the use of longer channels than usual, among many other advantages which will be revealed in the following description.
  • the invention further relates to methods for manufacturing a device that comprises inner super-hydrophobic surfaces.
  • the invention relates also to a method for the mass production of hierarchical super-hydrophobic structures.
  • Fig. 1A shows a hierarchical super- hydrophobic surface 101, composed from microstructure 104, with a drop of liquid 102 on top of it, wherein the contact angle 103 between them is larger than 150 degrees.
  • Fig. IB is an enlarged view of the contact angle of Fig. 1A, with detailed view on the nanostructures 105 and nanostructure 106 having undercuts 107, relative to the main parting substrate surface.
  • the super-hydrophobic surfaces are used in irrigation systems, as inside walls or as any other part that comes in contact with the irrigation water and substances.
  • the velocity of a fluid inside a tubular structure is schematically illustrated in Figs. 2 A and 2B, wherein the velocity profile shown in Fig. 2A is an example of a state wherein there is no slip between the fluid and the surface 201, and therefore the velocity of the contact point 202 is zero, and Fig. 2B is an example of a state wherein there is slip between the fluid and the surface 203, and therefore the velocity of the contact points 204 is larger than zero.
  • the magnitude of the velocity in a contact point is determined by the air layer thickness that is influenced by the contact angle, i.e. the amount of friction/slip between a fluid and a surface that it comes in contact with.
  • fluid flow resistance is reduced as well as shear between the surface and the boundary fluid layer, anti-dirt sedimentation property due to the slip between the fluid and the surface (for example send particles that tend to enter to the drip hose/emitter), improved flow rate and pressure uniformity along the pipeline.
  • Fig. 3A shows a schematic illustration of an imprinting process, according to one embodiment of the invention, wherein the textured article's surface on which the pattern is imprinted is a linear surface, such as a filament (a string).
  • the string 301 goes through a "roll-to-roll" system 302.
  • Such system provides a solution for high-speed, large area, nano-scale patterning with greatly improved throughput.
  • the process includes: un- patterned string 301 that goes through roll-to-roll nano-imprint process between two rolls 303 and 304, and a pattered string 305 with nano- structure imprint.
  • the linear surface can be, e.g., a polymer such as Nylon, Polyester, or metal like aluminum or stainless steel or any combination, i.e. metal string with polymer coating it.
  • Fig. 3B is an enlarged view of the imprinting roll-to-roll system 302 of Fig. 3 A, wherein the un-patterned string 301 goes through the rolls 303 and 304 that comprise a negative (e.g. holes) imprinting surface 306.
  • Fig. 3C shows the outcome of the process of Fig. 3A - the patterned string 305 and the resulting positive (e.g. posts) imprinting surface 307.
  • the string imprinting process is not limited only to roll-to-roll process and can be done with all processes that can change its surface using heat and/or pressure.
  • the invention also relates to structure comprising an inner surface built to form a micro- structural surface, wherein said inner surface is a nano- structural surface itself, according to one embodiment of the invention. The process for manufacturing such embodiment is described in details over the following description of the drawings.
  • Fig. 4 A shows a group 401 of patterned strings 402 (like the patterned strings 305 with imprinting surface 306 of Fig. 3A, shown in Fig. 4B) in a "criss-cross" shaped array (or - a grid), wherein the pattern on the strings 402 is a result of a nano- structure imprinting.
  • the grid can also be referred to as a mesh net (a micro-mesh net or screen printing net).
  • the nano- structure imprinting on the grid's strings can also be made after the grid weaving, using soft top and bottom molds that can overcome the grid roughness.
  • One possible process is to spin coat the mesh with epoxy resin, imprint it using heat and/or pressure, and cure the coating.
  • Some other optional disciplines that can use the nano- structure imprinting grid are filtration for producing water repellent filters (e.g. mosquitoes net with self-cleaning properties) and screen printing for producing a mesh with changeable and controlled contact angle.
  • Fig. 5 shows two surfaces wherein one of them is an imprinted surface 501 which is made of a material with a relatively high melting and/or softening point and can be made from polymer (e.g. Nylon, rubber), metal (e.g. Aluminum, stainless steel), ceramic (e.g. glass, silicon) or combination, comprising a nano- structural surface 502, and the other is a surface 503 made of a material with a relatively low melting and/or softening point (relatively to the first surface 501 and to the group of strings 401).
  • Surface 503 can be a polymer with low melting point like, but not limited, Polypropylene or Polyethylene, which are widely used in the manufacture of pipes for irrigation.
  • the group of strings 401 is suitable to be positioned between surfaces 501 and 503.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the positioning of a group of strings 401 between a patterned surface 501 and another surface 503, wherein the surfaces 501 and 503 are pressured one against the other when the group of strings 401 is in the middle.
  • pressuring the surfaces 501 and 503 while the group of strings 401 is between them it will cause the softer surface 503 to melt and to be imprinted by the group of strings 401 and to get the shape of the grid 401 and also the shape of the pattern of each patterned string 402, and wherever there are spaces between the strings, the softer surface 503 will be imprinted by the imprinted surface 501.
  • heat can be applied during the pressuring of the surfaces 501 and 503, as long as the heat will soften or melts the surface with the lower melting and/or softening point 503, but not the group of strings 401 or the patterned surface 501.
  • the 503 surface solidifies and undergoes shrinkage that helps to de-molding the 503 surface from the mold's nanostructure that has been undercut, like nanostructure 106.
  • Polyethylene has a shrinkage ratio of 8%.
  • Fig. 7 The final result of the above process, according to another embodiment of the invention, is shown in Fig. 7, wherein the initial surface 503 has become a patterned surface 701 with an imprint of a nano- structural surface 702 and an imprint of a micro-grid structure 703.
  • Fig. 7B is an enlarged view of Fig. 7A, showing the full coverage of nanostructures 702 imprinted on the micro-grid structure 703, including micro-grid side walls.
  • the process is presented with a grid-shaped array of patterned strings, the strings can also be arranged in any other way suitable to the final desired shape of imprint.
  • the terms “mesh” or “grid” should be read in its broad meaning, for all the geometrical compositions that are composed from, at least one textured article.
  • the patterned surface 701 can be used as a master or mold in production processes like hot stamping, injection processes like injection compression molding, in-mold decoration, hot lamination, and all other processes in which a substrate can change its surface using heat and/or pressure.
  • Fig. 8A and Fig. 8B illustrate a method for imprints flat substrate with super-hydrophobic structure.
  • Cross-section of imprinting belt device 804 composed of surface 501 and the strings group 401 that are rolled together on the rollers 803.
  • Unprinted foil 503 is loaded and passes through device 804 that presses and/or heats the foil against imprinted surface 501 while the group of strings 401 is between them.
  • the relative linear velocity between 503, 401 and 501 is zero, that means that all surfaces and strings group moving together (Fig. 8B), i.e. the imprint method is carried out in the same static principle that shown in Fig. 6.
  • the imprint process time can be adjusted with the overlap length 801 changing, and can be adapted the foil 503 extrusion production rate.
  • the de-molding angle 802 can be adapted also, for reduction the de-molding force.
  • Fig. 9B illustrates the implementation of the imprinting method for imprinting flat substrates with a super-hydrophobic structure as described in Figs. 8A and 8B, in a folding irrigation hose (e.g. Drip-Tape hose) or in generally 'folding conduits', flat foil or substrates that are rolled into a pipe shape.
  • Unprinted foil 903 is passed through imprinting belt device 904 (like imprinting belt device 804) that generates heat and/or pressure and, as a result, a super-hydrophobic structure is generated with a single- step production process on the inner side of the foil 902. Then the foil 902 is folded into a folding conduit 901, as described in Fig. 9 A.
  • Fig. 9B illustrates the implementation of the imprinting method for imprinting flat substrates with a super-hydrophobic structure as described in Figs. 8A and 8B, in a folding irrigation hose (e.g. Drip-Tape hose) or
  • FIG. 10B describes the forming and imprinting a labyrinth foil 1001.
  • unprinted foil 1004 is passed through an imprinting belt device with a unique labyrinth shape 1002 (like imprinting belt device 804) that generates heat and/or pressure and, as a result, a super-hydrophobic structure is generated together with the labyrinth shape 1003, with a single-step process on the inner side of the foil 1001.
  • the labyrinth foil 1001 is placed on foil 902 and folded together into folded conduit 901, as shown in Fig. 10A.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates another possible process, according to another embodiment of the invention, providing a super-hydrophobic structure comprising a nano-structural surface and a micro-grid imprint on the inner tube surface, using a single-step production process.
  • This process there is a rotational device 1101 comprising engraving components 1102, which have the same curvature radius as the inner curvature radius of the tube, rotating along the axis 1106 of the device 1101 while in contact with the inner surface of a tubular structure 1103.
  • the rotational device 1101 has the ability to be in a linear relative movement with the tubular structure 1103 are therefore engrave a desired pattern on the surface in contact.
  • the unprinted tube is loaded and passes through the rotational device 1101, using the heat that is generated from the exterior side of tubular 1103 and/or engraving components 1102 pressuring, super- hydrophobic structure 1105 is generated on the inner side of the tube, with single-step production process, and can be placed and executed right after the cold drawing process, tube extrusion process or all other similar processes for creating, dimension or surface modification tubes processes.
  • Fig. 12A, Fig. 12B and Fig. 12C illustrates another possible process, according to another embodiment of the invention, providing a super- hydrophobic structure comprising a nano-structural surface and a micro- grid imprint on the inner surface of tubes, by a dip coating process under pressure.
  • This process includes, molten 'polymer bath' 1201 that can be filled with PVC, PTFE, PE, and among other polymers 1202, pressure chamber 1203 and hollow rod 1204 ('rod mold') that can be made from rigid materials or soft and inflatable materials also, with super- hydrophobic structure.
  • Rod 1204 has an air inlet 1206 that is connected to the chamber outside compressed air supply and air outlet hole 1205, that functions as mono-directional valve that enables only air to pass through it during the de-molding process.
  • Rod 1204 is connected to vertical conveyor 1207 that lifts the rod 1204 from the polymer bath 1201 during the coating process.
  • the dip coating process carried out under pressure production steps includes: attaining the desired pressure inside the pressure chamber 1203, dip coating rod 1204 in the polymer bath 1201 by the vertical conveyor 1207, using controlled withdrawal velocity to obtain a desired thickness and finally the polymer drying process that dries the polymer 1208 on the rod.
  • This inner tube surface imprint with a super-hydrophobic structure method is suitable for short and narrow tubes, and can be uses for producing smooth labyrinths (i.e. labyrinth without tortuous "obstacles") with high resistance to flow, high durability, very simple design and structure as well as low blockage risk.
  • the smooth labyrinth narrow tube can connected to the main irrigation pipes using fit connectors.
  • Another application example is a medical tubing such as catheters and syringe needles.
  • Fig. 14B shows an exemplary use of a super hydrophobic structure 1401 of Fig. 14A in a dripper 1402 (use in irrigation systems, for example).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production d'une surface à motif, consistant à : a) imprimer/graver thermiquement un article avec un motif de taille nano/micrométrique; b) éventuellement tisser ledit article texturé selon une structure en maille; c) éventuellement imprimer/graver thermiquement la maille avec ledit motif de taille nano/micrométrique; d) appliquer la maille à une surface ayant un point de ramollissement inférieur à celui dudit article texturé; e) appliquer une pression sur ladite maille, tout en chauffant ladite surface à une température supérieure ou égale à son point de ramollissement, créant ainsi un motif nano/micrométrique sur ladite surface; et f) éventuellement utiliser la surface à point de ramollissement bas comme moule.
PCT/IL2014/050001 2013-01-12 2014-01-01 Surfaces super-hydrophobes dans des systèmes comprenant un liquide WO2014108892A1 (fr)

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WO2019014085A1 (fr) * 2017-07-10 2019-01-17 ThermoBionics LLC Système, procédé et appareil de fourniture de refroidissement
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WO2016142131A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Unilever N.V. Procédé de modification de la surface de matériaux
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US20220402193A1 (en) * 2019-10-24 2022-12-22 B.G. Negev Technologies And Applications Ltd., At Ben-Gurion University A method for imprinting micropatterns on a substrate of an organic polymer

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