WO2014107984A1 - 一种新型智能变压器及其应用方法 - Google Patents

一种新型智能变压器及其应用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014107984A1
WO2014107984A1 PCT/CN2013/085852 CN2013085852W WO2014107984A1 WO 2014107984 A1 WO2014107984 A1 WO 2014107984A1 CN 2013085852 W CN2013085852 W CN 2013085852W WO 2014107984 A1 WO2014107984 A1 WO 2014107984A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transformer
collection
sensor
information
unit
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PCT/CN2013/085852
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭蓉萍
孙浩
苏长华
唐平
彭倩
曹永兴
张海龙
方超
杜玮
顾然
Original Assignee
国家电网公司
国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院
国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司
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Application filed by 国家电网公司, 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院, 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 filed Critical 国家电网公司
Priority to AU2014100712A priority Critical patent/AU2014100712A4/en
Publication of WO2014107984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014107984A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power industry equipment, in particular to a novel intelligent transformer and an application method thereof.
  • the new equipment has also realized the intelligence of the transformer by configuring intelligent components.
  • most of the existing intelligent technologies are to add sensors to the outside of the transformer, and collect the state parameters of the equipment through the monitoring device, thereby real-time evaluation of the operating state of the equipment.
  • the existing power transformer online monitoring system has different platforms, different application systems, different data formats, no standardization and standardization, no unified architecture, difficult to promote application and implementation; at the same time, many system sensors are single, accurate and Poor reliability, high false alarm rate of the whole system, and low reliability of state evaluation.
  • intelligent components of transformers modularizes the monitoring devices of various state parameters on a unified platform, solving the problem of data standardization and standardization, but the accuracy and reliability caused by many factors such as external environmental interference are poor. The problem is still not solved.
  • the integration of primary and secondary equipment is the future of intelligent high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • electrical equipment can realize state visualization, control networking and automation through state sensing and command execution components.
  • sensor embedded technology is a key technology in the development of smart appliances.
  • the embedded sensor is embedded in the device during the manufacturing process of the primary device, and is connected to the external device through the reserved interface, which can directly and truly reflect the internal condition of the device; at the same time, it can avoid the influence of the external environment and improve the accuracy of the sensor.
  • some equipment manufacturers have tried to implant sensors inside the equipment.
  • fiber gratings are embedded such as electromagnetic wires to directly measure the internal temperature and stress of the windings, wire fiber temperature measurement, and embedded sensors in the circuit breaker.
  • embedded sensor technology of the transformer there is no in-depth research on the embedded sensor technology of the transformer, and there is no corresponding information acquisition system to form a new intelligent transformer based on embedded sensing technology.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a novel intelligent transformer, which can monitor the working condition of the transformer in real time, correctly judge the operating state of the transformer, and realize the intelligence of the transformer, and the invention also provides an application method of the novel intelligent transformer. .
  • a novel intelligent transformer comprising a transformer and an information acquisition and conversion device, wherein a UHF sensor is disposed at an inner wall of the transformer, and each of the top corners of the transformer is disposed There is an ultrasonic sensor, a vibration sensor is disposed at a lower clamp member in the transformer, and a stress sensor is disposed on an upper portion and a lower portion of the core of the transformer, and an HFCT sensor is disposed at the core ground lead-out line, and a signal line of the sensor is connected to On the lead terminal at the top of the transformer.
  • the number of the UHF sensors is four, which are respectively disposed on four sides in the transformer; the number of the ultrasonic sensors is eight, respectively disposed at eight vertices inside the transformer; the vibration sensor 4 in number, respectively disposed on the four sides of the lower clamp; the stress The number of sensors is six, three of which are placed in the upper part of the transformer core, and the other three are placed in the lower part of the transformer core.
  • the information collection and conversion device includes a sensor state quantity acquisition unit, a power collection unit, and a non-power collection unit.
  • the sensor state quantity acquisition unit includes a signal for collecting UHF sensors
  • the information collection and conversion device further includes a data analysis unit, an early warning unit, a data conversion unit, and a data transmission unit.
  • a new intelligent transformer application method including the following steps:
  • the information acquisition and conversion device collects the power information of the transformer, the non-electricity information and the signals of all the sensors;
  • the data conversion unit converts the data collected by the information acquisition and conversion device into information satisfying the IEC61850 standard
  • the data transmission unit transmits the converted information of the data conversion unit to the remote monitoring system.
  • the application method of the above novel intelligent transformer further includes an acquisition interval setting step and an operation mode determining step, and the collection interval setting step and the working mode determining step are performed before the step (a), wherein:
  • the collection interval setting step is specifically: setting a sensor state quantity acquisition unit, and collecting electricity
  • the collection interval of the unit and the non-power collection unit, the interval is as short as 5 minutes and the maximum is 24 hours;
  • the working mode determining step is specifically: determining whether the transformer is in the normal mode, and if yes, entering the step (a), and in the step (a), the information collecting and converting device sets according to the collecting interval setting step.
  • the time interval periodically collects the power information of the transformer, the non-electricity information and the signals of all the sensors; if the transformer is not in the normal mode, it immediately enters step (a), and the information acquisition and conversion device immediately starts and continuously collects the power information and non-electricity of the transformer. Information and signals from all sensors.
  • the acquisition time interval of the sensor state quantity acquisition unit, the power collection unit, and the non-electricity collection unit is set to 15 minutes, and the acquisition time interval is too long, which is not conducive to timely understanding of the transformer state and timely reporting of the fault, and Too short, the data processing capacity is large, and the power consumption is large.
  • the two acquisition intervals are 15 minutes, which is a better configuration, and 15 minutes is an acceptable fault delay reporting time. Therefore, the time interval is convenient for timely understanding of the state of the transformer.
  • the new intelligent transformer by embedding UHF, ultrasonic, vibration, stress, HFCT and other sensors inside the transformer, draws various types of sensing signals through the terminals at the top of the transformer, according to the characteristics of various signals.
  • the multi-function, multi-channel transformer state information acquisition and conversion device converts various physical signals directly into digital signals, discriminates the device state according to the pre-designed transformer state analysis and fault diagnosis model, and records the change in real time according to the discrimination result.
  • Various state parameter information under abnormal pressure or fault state can directly and truly reflect the internal conditions of the equipment, and at the same time avoid external environmental influence and improve the accuracy of the sensor;
  • the new intelligent transformer realizes the in-depth understanding of the operating state of the transformer by embedding the sensor inside the transformer. It can monitor the working condition of the transformer in real time, correctly judge the operating state of the transformer, and realize the intelligence of the transformer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sensor in the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an information collection and conversion device in the present invention.
  • a novel intelligent transformer of the present invention includes a transformer 1 and an information acquisition and conversion device 2, and a UHF sensor 14 is disposed at an inner wall of the transformer 1, and each corner of the transformer 1 is An ultrasonic sensor 15 is disposed, and a vibration sensor 16 is disposed at the lower clamp 13 in the transformer 1.
  • the upper and lower portions of the core 8 of the transformer 1 are provided with a stress sensor 17, and the core grounding lead line 9 is disposed.
  • There is an HFCT sensor 18, and the signal line of the sensor is connected to the information acquisition and conversion device 2 through the lead terminal 4 at the top of the transformer 1.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device 2 includes a sensor state quantity acquisition unit, a non-power collection unit, and a power collection unit.
  • the sensor state quantity acquisition unit includes a high speed acquisition unit for acquiring UHF sensor signals, HFCT sensor signals, and ultrasonic sensor signals, and a general acquisition unit for acquiring vibration sensor signals and stress sensor signals.
  • the information collection and conversion device 2 converts the collected information into standard information conforming to IEC 61850.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is composed of two parts: a transformer 1 embedded in the UHF sensor 14 , the ultrasonic sensor 15 , the vibration sensor 16 , the stress sensor 17 , the HFCT sensor 18 , and the information acquisition and conversion device 2 . .
  • Various types of sensors embedded in the transformer 1 monitor and collect various kinds of state information inside the transformer 1 in real time, and all kinds of sensor signals are taken out through the outlet bushing reserved at the top of the transformer 1. The various sensor signals from the top are unified.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device 2 is divided into a high-speed acquisition card (ie, a high-speed acquisition unit) and a general acquisition card (ie, a general acquisition unit) according to different signal bandwidths, and the information is passed.
  • the different acquisition cards of the acquisition conversion device 2 complete the acquisition of the physical signals and convert the physical signals into digital signals, and finally convert the collected digital signals into the IEC61850 standard by various data conversion models embedded in the information acquisition and conversion device 2.
  • the data is directly output to the condition monitoring system in the substation to realize the real-time perception of the transformer state.
  • UHF sensors are placed on the inner wall of the transformer for monitoring the high frequency signal generated during the internal discharge of the transformer, thereby monitoring the generation of the partial discharge site inside the transformer.
  • ultrasonic angle sensors are installed in eight upper corners of the upper and lower parts of the transformer.
  • the discharge position is accurately positioned by the eight sensors to determine the partial discharge inside the transformer. s position.
  • four vibration sensors are installed on the lower clamp of the inner core of the transformer, which is used for collecting the vibration signal of the transformer core, and can be discriminated by monitoring the abnormal vibration signal of the transformer.
  • Transformer overexcitation, overvoltage, core resonance and other faults.
  • six stress sensors are installed on the upper and lower portions of the core of the transformer for monitoring the stress variation of the transformer core, thereby judging the ability of the transformer to withstand short-circuit current.
  • an HFCT sensor is installed on the part of the inner grounding lead-out line of the transformer for monitoring the magnitude of the grounding current of the transformer core, so that the transformer core multi-point grounding and the like can be judged.
  • a wiring lead-out sleeve is reserved at the top of the transformer for guiding the signal lines of various internal sensors.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device deployed near the transformer concentrates and uniformly collects various internal sensor signals, and converts them into standard data conforming to the requirements of IEC61850.
  • the information collection module of the information collection and conversion device is divided into two acquisition modes: a high-speed acquisition card and a general acquisition card according to different bandwidths of the sensor signals.
  • the high-speed acquisition card is used to collect UHF, HFCT, and ultrasonic signals.
  • the general acquisition card is used to collect vibration and stress information.
  • the information collection and conversion device can also collect the power and non-electricity information of the transformer, and replace it with the standard information of IEC61850, and realize unified collection and centralized conversion of all state information related to the transformer.
  • the signal line of the embedded sensor is connected to the information acquisition and conversion device 2 through the lead terminal 4 at the top of the transformer 1 , and the interface of the information acquisition and conversion device 2 can be connected to the transformer 1 for non-electricity and power.
  • the signal line of the embedded sensor is connected to the information acquisition and conversion device 2 through the lead terminal 4 at the top of the transformer 1 , and the interface of the information acquisition and conversion device 2 can be connected to the transformer 1 for non-electricity and power.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device when the transformer with the embedded sensor is connected to the power grid, the information acquisition and conversion device is disposed near the transformer, and the signal transmitted from the internal sensor of the transformer is conveniently collected.
  • the various sensors embedded in the transformer After the transformer is energized, during the operation with load, the various sensors embedded in the transformer are based on their respective originals.
  • the different signals inside the transformer are separately collected and transmitted to the outside of the transformer through the lead terminals at the top.
  • four UHF sensors are distributed on the four sides of the transformer to collect the high-frequency signals generated by the partial discharge of the transformer.
  • the analysis of the subsequent information acquisition and conversion device can be used to determine the extent and type of the internal discharge fault of the transformer.
  • the state of the transformer operation can be discriminated; the ultrasonic sensors are distributed at the eight vertices of the upper and lower parts of the transformer, and are used to collect the ultrasonic signals generated by the partial discharge, and the time difference between the ultrasonic sensors and the sensors can be analyzed, and the information acquisition and conversion device can analyze the transformer local parts.
  • the change of core stress is due to the sudden increase of the short-circuit current of the transformer, and the force of the transformer coil on the core suddenly increases.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device can determine the magnitude and time of the transformer to withstand the short-circuit current by analyzing the change of the stress of the transformer core.
  • one HFCT sensor is installed in the inner core of the transformer, which is used to monitor the grounding current of the transformer core.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device can determine the transformer core by changing the magnitude of the HFCT current signal. Point grounding and other faults.
  • the sensor wirings drawn from the top of the transformer are collectively collected into the information acquisition and conversion device near the transformer, and the collection, processing and processing of all internal sensor information on one hardware platform are realized;
  • the collection part of the information acquisition and conversion device It is divided into two parts: high-speed acquisition card and general acquisition card.
  • High-speed part can realize high-bandwidth signal acquisition by high-performance chip.
  • This set of high-speed acquisition card is used to collect 4 UHF sensor signals and 8 ultrasonic sensor signals. 1 channel HFCT sensor signal; general acquisition card is used to collect 4 channel vibration sensor signals, 6 channel stress sensor signals; at the same time, the information acquisition device can also collect transformer-related electricity non-electricity information, and collect all the information related to the state of the transformer.
  • the information collection and conversion device further comprises a data analysis unit, an early warning unit, a data conversion unit and a data transmission unit, and a pre-designed state analysis and diagnosis model inside the device, which can analyze and process the data, extract effective state parameters, and analyze the diagnostic model application.
  • the single parameter of the sensor is used to warn the fault of the device, and multiple state parameters are used to evaluate and diagnose the state of the transformer.
  • all relevant state information (electricity, non-electricity, sensor) can be converted into information that meets the IEC61850 standard, and centralized uploading
  • the station-to-station condition monitoring system or the network-side evaluation center provides other systems for advanced analysis and application.
  • the data collection mode of the information collection and conversion device is divided into two types: a normal mode and a failure mode.
  • the information acquisition and conversion device periodically collects sensors, power, and non-electricity information.
  • the collection interval can be set by itself.
  • the interval can be from 5 minutes to 24 hours.
  • the fault mode means that when the fault diagnosis system inside the device determines that the transformer fault or the impending fault occurs, the information acquisition and conversion device immediately puts into a working state, records the change of each sensor parameter in the whole development process of the fault, and the information of the power source and the non-power amount.
  • the full record function of the state parameters of the fault process provides detailed data support for subsequent fault analysis and diagnosis.
  • the data is converted into data conforming to the IEC61850 standard through the corresponding conversion module, and the standard state parameter is output from the transformer state information acquisition and conversion device, and can be used for the substation integrated automation system and the equipment condition monitoring system. Use directly.
  • the present invention conforms to the development of the smart grid and meets the requirements for smart appliances at the current stage of smart grid construction.
  • a method for applying a novel intelligent transformer includes the following steps:
  • (1) Acquisition interval setting step Set the sensor state quantity acquisition unit, power collection unit and The collection interval of the non-power collection unit is 5 minutes and the maximum is 24 hours. In this embodiment, the collection interval is set to 15 minutes.
  • Working mode judgment step judging whether the transformer is in the normal mode, if in the normal mode, the information acquisition and conversion device collects the power information, the non-electricity information and all the sensors of the transformer according to the time interval set in the collection interval setting step.
  • the signal that is, using high-speed acquisition card to collect 4 UHF sensor signals, 8 ultrasonic sensor signals, 1 HFCT sensor signal, general acquisition card to collect 4 vibration sensor signals, 6 stress sensor signals, power collection unit and non-electrical energy collection
  • the unit separately collects the power and non-electricity information related to the transformer, and collects it every 15 minutes to collect all the information related to the state of the transformer. If the transformer is not in the normal mode, the information acquisition and conversion device immediately starts and continuously collects the power of the transformer.
  • the data analysis unit analyzes and processes the data collected by the information collection and conversion device. If a fault is found, the early warning unit is activated to perform early warning; the data analysis unit is pre-installed with a state analysis diagnosis model, which can analyze and process the data. Extracting valid state parameters, analyzing the diagnostic model using a single parameter of each sensor to warn the equipment failure, and applying multiple state parameters to evaluate and diagnose the state of the transformer; the early warning implementation is completed by the early warning unit;
  • the data conversion unit converts the data of all relevant state information (electricity, non-electricity, sensor) collected by the information acquisition and conversion device into information satisfying the IEC61850 standard, and the data conversion unit can be an Ethernet to IEC61850 protocol.
  • the conversion gateway can also be implemented by other common IEC61850 protocol conversion devices;
  • Data transmission The data transmission unit uploads the information that meets the IEC61850 standard after the data conversion unit is centralized to the remote monitoring system such as the station level condition monitoring system or the network provincial evaluation center, and supplies it to other systems for advanced analysis and application.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型智能变压器及其应用方法，该智能变压器包括变压器和信息采集转换装置，该变压器的内壁处设置有UHF传感器，在其每个顶角处设置有超声传感器，该变压器内的下夹件处设置有振动传感器，其铁心上部及下部均设置有应力传感器，铁心接地引出线处设置有HFCT传感器，该传感器的信号线连接至变压器顶部的引出端子上。该智能变压器能实时监测变压器工作状况，正确判断变压器运行状态，实现变压器的智能化。

Description

^ ^ 一种新型智能变压器及其应用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电力行业设备， 尤其是一种新型智能变压器及其应用方 法。
背景技术
依靠先进的材料、 通信、 信息和控制技术， 构建信息化、 自动化、 数字 化、 互动化为特征的自主创新、 国际领先的统一坚强智能电网， 实现大范围 能源资源优化配置、 促进可再生能源的集约化开发、 保障我国能源安全， 是 我国电网未来发展的重大战略方向。 变压器作为电网中的重要组成部分， 其 智能化水平直接决定了整个电网的智能化水平。
根据坚强智能电网的建设需求， 电网中部分老旧设备进行了智能化的改 造， 新的设备也通过配置智能组件的方式实现了变压器的智能化。 然而现有 的智能化技术大多是通过在变压器外部加装传感器， 通过监测装置收集设备 的状态参量， 进而对设备的运行状态进行实时的评估。 现有的电力变压器在 线监测系统存在不同的平台、 不同的应用系统、 不同的数据格式， 没有标准 化和规范化， 没有形成统一的体系结构， 难以推广应用和实施； 同时很多系 统传感器单一， 准确性和可靠性差， 整个系统误报率高， 状态评估可靠性低。 变压器智能组件的出现将多种状态参量的监测装置在统一的平台上进行模块 化设计， 解决了数据规范化、 标准化的问题， 但引外部环境干扰等诸多因数 影响而产生的准确性、 可靠性差的问题依旧没有解决。
随着智能电器设备的发展， 一、 二次设备融合是未来智能高压电器设备 的发展方向， 电器设备可以通过状态感知和指令执行元件， 实现状态的可视 化、 控制的网络化和自动化。 其中， 传感器内嵌技术是智能电器发展中关键 技术。 内嵌传感器在一次设备生产制造过程中预埋在设备内， 通过预留接口 与外部设备相连接， 可以直观、 真实的反应设备内部的情况； 同时可以避免 外部环境影响， 提高传感器的准确性。 目前， 已经有部分一次设备生产厂家， 尝试将传感器植入一次设备内部， 例如， 光纤光栅内嵌如电磁线直接测量绕 组内部温度和应力， 导线光纤测温， 断路器内嵌传感器等。 然而， 关于变压 器的内嵌传感器技术并未见相关的深入研究， 更没有相应的信息采集系统组 成基于内嵌传感技术的新型智能变压器。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点， 提供一种新型智能变压器， 能 实时监测变压器工作状况，正确判断变压器运行状态，实现变压器的智能化， 本发明还提供了该新型智能变压器的应用方法。
为解决以上技术问题， 本发明的技术方案为： 一种新型智能变压器， 其 包括变压器和信息采集转换装置， 所述变压器的内壁处设置有 UHF传感器， 所述变压器内每个顶角处均设置有超声传感器， 所述变压器内的下夹件处设 置有振动传感器， 所述变压器的铁心上部及下部均设置有应力传感器， 所述 铁心接地引出线处设置有 HFCT传感器， 传感器的信号线连接至变压器顶部 的引出端子上。
进一歩，所述 UHF传感器的数量为 4个，分别设置在变压器内的四个侧 面上；所述超声传感器的数量为 8个，分别设置在变压器内部的 8个顶点处; 所述振动传感器的数量为 4个， 分别设置在下夹件的四个侧面上； 所述应力 传感器的数量为 6个， 其中 3个设置在变压器铁心上部， 其余 3个设置在变 压器铁心下部。
进一歩， 所述信息采集转换装置包括传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集 单元和非电量采集单元。
进一歩， 所述传感器状态量采集单元包括用于采集 UHF传感器信号、
HFCT传感器信号和超声传感器信号的高速采集单元以及用于采集振动传感 器信号和应力传感器信号的一般采集单元。
进一歩， 所述信息采集转换装置还包括数据分析单元、 预警单元、 数据 转换单元和数据传输单元。
一种新型智能变压器的应用方法， 包括以下歩骤：
(a)数据采集： 信息采集转换装置采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息 和所有传感器的信号；
( b )数据分析：数据分析单元对信息采集转换装置采集的数据进行分析 处理， 如果发现故障， 则启动预警单元进行预警；
( C )数据转换：数据转换单元将信息采集转换装置采集的数据转换为满 足 IEC61850标准的信息；
( d)数据发送：数据传输单元将数据转换单元转换后的信息传输给远程 监测系统。
进一歩， 上述一种新型智能变压器的应用方法还包括采集间隔设置歩骤 和工作模式判断歩骤， 且采集间隔设置歩骤和工作模式判断歩骤在歩骤 （a) 之前执行， 其中：
所述采集间隔设置歩骤具体为： 设定传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集 单元和非电量采集单元的采集时间间隔， 该时间间隔最短为 5分钟， 最长为 24小时；
所述工作模式判断歩骤具体为：判断变压器是否处于正常模式，如果是， 则进入歩骤 （a) ， 且在歩骤 （a) 中信息采集转换装置根据采集间隔设置歩 骤中设定的时间间隔定时采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息和所有传感器 的信号； 如果变压器未处于正常模式， 则立即进入歩骤（a) ， 信息采集转换 装置立即开始并持续采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息和所有传感器的信 号。
进一歩， 所述传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集单元和非电量采集单元 的采集时间间隔设定为 15分钟，采集时间间隔太长则不利于对变压器状态的 及时了解和故障的及时上报， 而太短则数据处理量大、 功耗较大， 在发明人 反复的对比实践中发现， 两次采集间隔为 15分钟为一种较佳的配置， 15分 钟是一个可以接受的故障延时上报时间， 因此该时间间隔既便于及时了解变 压器状态， 一旦发生故障可以及时被发现， 避免造成更大的损坏； 也在一定 程度上减少了数据处理量， 也降低了传感器及相应设备的功耗， 在一定程度 上实现了资源节约。
对比现有技术， 本发明的有益特点如下：
1 ) 、 该新型智能变压器， 通过在变压器内部嵌入 UHF、 超声、 振动、 应力、 HFCT等多种传感器， 通过变压器顶部的引出端子将各种类型的传感 信号引出， 根据各种信号的特点配以多功能、 多通道的变压器状态信息采集 转换装置， 将各种物理信号直接转换成数字信号， 根据预先设计的变压器状 态分析及故障诊断模型对设备状态进行判别， 并根据判别结果实时记录下变 压器异常或者故障状态下的各类状态参量信息， 可以直观、 真实的反应设备 内部的情况， 同时可以避免外部环境影响， 提高传感器的准确性；
2)、该新型智能变压器， 通过向变压器内部嵌入传感器实现对变压器运 行状态的深入了解，能实时监测变压器工作状况，正确判断变压器运行状态， 实现了变压器的智能化。
國綱
图 1为本发明总体结构示意图；
图 2为本发明中传感器结构示意图；
图 3为本发明中信息采集转换装置示意图；
其中： 1-变压器、 2-信息采集转换装置、 3-油箱、 4-引出端子、 5-低压套 管、 6-高压套管、 7-高压绕组、 8-铁心、 9-铁心接地引出线、 10-上夹件、 11- 低压绕组、 12-垫块、 13-下夹件、 14- UHF传感器、 15-超声传感器、 16-振动 传感器、 17-应力传感器、 18-HFCT传感器、 19-引线。 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一歩详细说明。
请参考图 1和图 2， 本发明一种新型智能变压器， 其包括变压器 1和信 息采集转换装置 2，所述变压器 1的内壁处设置有 UHF传感器 14，所述变压 器 1内每个顶角处均设置有超声传感器 15， 所述变压器 1内的下夹件 13处 设置有振动传感器 16，所述变压器 1的铁心 8上部及下部均设置有应力传感 器 17， 所述铁心接地引出线 9处设置有 HFCT传感器 18， 传感器的信号线 通过变压器 1顶部的引出端子 4接入所述信息采集转换装置 2， 所述信息采 集转换装置 2包括传感器状态量采集单元、非电量采集单元、 电量采集单元， 所述传感器状态量采集单元包括用于采集 UHF传感器信号、 HFCT传感器信 号和超声传感器信号的高速采集单元以及用于采集振动传感器信号和应力传 感器信号的一般采集单元。 所述信息采集转换装置 2将采集到的信息转换成 符合 IEC61850的标准信息。
请参考图 1、 图 2和图 3， 本发明实施例由两部分组成： 内嵌入 UHF传 感器 14、 超声传感器 15、 振动传感器 16、 应力传感器 17、 HFCT传感器 18 的变压器 1和信息采集转换装置 2。 内嵌在变压器 1 内部的各类传感器实时 监测和采集变压器 1内部的各类状态信息， 通过变压器 1顶部预留的出线套 管将各类传感器信号引出； 从顶部引出的各类传感器信号统一汇集到部署在 变压器 1附近的信息采集转换装置 2上； 信息采集转换装置 2按照各种信号 带宽的不同分为高速采集卡 （即高速采集单元） 和一般采集卡 （即一般采集 单元） ， 通过信息采集转换装置 2的不同采集卡完成物理信号的采集并将物 理信号转换为数字信号， 最终通过内嵌在信息采集转换装置 2内的各种数据 转换模型将采集到的数字信号转换为满足 IEC61850标准的数据， 直接输出 给变电站内的状态监测系统， 实现变压器状态的实时感知。
本发明实施例中，变压器内壁放置有 4个 UHF传感器，用于监测变压器 内部放电时产生的高频信号， 从而监测变压器内部局部放电现场的产生。
本发明实施例中， 变压器内上部和下部的 8个顶角， 共 8个位置安装超 声传感器， 当变压器发生局部放电现象时， 通过 8个传感器对放电部位进行 精确定位， 从而确定变压器内部局部放电的位置。
本发明实施例中， 变压器内部铁心的下夹件安装 4个振动传感器， 用于 收集变压器铁心的振动信号， 通过监测到变压器的异常振动信号， 可以判别 变压器过励磁、 过电压、 铁心谐振等故障。
本发明实施例中， 变压器的铁心上部和下部共安装 6个应力传感器， 用 于监测变压器铁心的应力变化，从而可以判别出变压器承受短路电流的能力。
本发明实施例中，变压器内部铁心接地引出线的部位加装 HFCT传感器， 用于监测变压器铁心接地电流的大小， 从而可以判断变压器铁心多点接地等 故障。
本发明实施例中， 在变压器顶部预留接线引出套管， 用于将内部各类传 感器的信号线引出。
本发明实施例中， 部署在变压器附近的信息采集转换装置集中、 统一收 集内部各类传感器信号， 集中转换为符合 IEC61850要求的标准数据。
本发明实施例中， 信息采集转换装置的信息采集模块， 按照传感器信号 带宽的不同， 分为高速采集卡和一般采集卡两种采集模式。 高速采集卡用于 采集 UHF、 HFCT, 超声信号， 一般采集卡用于采集振动和应力信息。
本发明实施例中， 信息采集转换装置还可以收集变压器的电量和非电量 信息， 并将其装换位符合 IEC61850 的标准信息， 实现与变压器有关的全部 状态信息的统一收集和集中转换。
请参考图 1， 本发明实施中， 内嵌传感器的信号线通过变压器 1顶部的 引出端子 4接入信息采集转换装置 2， 同时信息采集转换装置 2预留接口可 以接入变压器 1非电量和电量相关信息。
本发明实施例中， 当内嵌传感器的变压器接入电网， 信息采集转换装置 部署在变压器附近， 方便收集变压器内部传感器传出信号。 变压器通电后， 带负荷运行工作过程中， 内嵌在变压器内部的各种传感器基于各自不同的原 理分别采集变压器内部各自不同的信号， 将其通过顶部的引出端子传到变压 器外部。 其中， 4个 UHF传感器分布在变压器内部的四个侧面， 用于收集变 压器局部放电所产生的高频信号， 通过后续信息采集转换装置的分析可以用 于判别变压器内部放电故障的程度和类型， 进而可以判别出变压器运行的状 态； 超声传感器分布在变压器上部和下部的 8个顶点， 用于收集局部放电所 产生的超声信号， 通过超声信号到达各个传感器的时间差， 信息采集转换装 置可以分析出变压器局部放电的位置， 进而确定故障、 精确位置； 4 个振动 传感器放置在变压器内部铁心的下夹件四个侧面， 用于收集变压器铁心的振 动信号， 信息采集转换装置通过分析不同振动信号的特点可以得出变压器过 励磁、 过电压、 铁心谐振等故障， 判别变压器的故障类型和运行状态； 6个 应力传感器分布在变压器铁心 3个柱子的上部和下部， 用于监测变压器铁心 应力的变化， 铁心应力的变化是由于变压器突发短路故障短路电流过大引起 的变压器线圈对铁心的作用力突然增大， 信息采集转换装置通过分析变压器 铁心应力的变化可以判别出变压器承受短路电流的大小和时间， 进而推算出 变压器目前抗短路能力； 1个 HFCT传感器安装在变压器内部铁心接地引出 线， 用于监测变压器铁心接地电流的大小， 信息采集转换装置通过 HFCT电 流信号大小的变换， 可以判断变压器铁心多点接地等故障。
本发明实施例中， 从变压器顶部引出的传感器接线统一汇集到变压器附 近的信息采集转换装置之中， 实现在一个硬件平台上对所有内部传感器信息 的收集加工和处理； 信息采集转换装置的采集部分分为高速采集卡和一般采 集卡两个部分， 高速部分采用高性能的芯片可以实现对高带宽信号的采集， 本套装置高速采集卡用于收集 4路 UHF传感器信号、 8路超声传感器信号、 1路 HFCT传感器信号； 一般采集卡用于收集 4路振动传感器信号、 6路应 力传感器信号；同时信息采集装置还可以收集变压器相关的电量非电量信息， 将变压器的状态相关的全部信息统一收集。 信息采集转换装置还包括数据分 析单元、 预警单元、 数据转换单元和数据传输单元， 装置内部预先设计的状 态分析诊断模型， 可以对数据进行分析处理， 提取出有效的状态参量， 分析 诊断模型应用各个传感器的单参量对设备的故障进行预警， 应用多个状态参 量对变压器的状态进行评估和诊断； 同时可以将相关全部状态信息 （电量、 非电量、 传感器） 转换为满足 IEC61850标准的信息， 集中上传至站层状态 监测系统或网省侧评价中心， 供给其他系统进行高级分析和应用。
本发明实施例中， 信息采集转换装置的数据采集模式分为两种： 正常模 式和故障模式。 正常情况下信息采集转换装置定时采集传感器、 电量、 非电 量信息， 采集间隔时间可以自行设定， 间隔时间可以从 5分钟—— 24小时。 故障模式是指装置内部的故障诊断系统判别到变压器故障或即将发生故障 时， 信息采集转换装置立刻投入工作状态， 记录下故障整个发展过程中各个 传感器参量的变换情况、 电量非电量的信息， 实现对故障全过程状态参量的 全记录功能， 为后续故障分析和诊断提供详实的数据支撑。
本发明实施例中， 同时通过相应的转换模块， 将数据转换为符合 IEC61850标准的数据，从变压器状态信息采集转换装置输出的便是标准的状 态参量， 可以供变电站综合自动化系统、 设备状态监测系统直接使用。 本发 明顺应智能电网的发展， 满足智能电网建设现阶段对智能电器的要求。
本发明的实施例中， 一种新型智能变压器的应用方法， 包括以下歩骤：
( 1 )采集间隔设置歩骤： 设定传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集单元和 非电量采集单元的采集时间间隔，该时间间隔最短为 5分钟，最长为 24小时， 本实施例中将采集时间间隔设置为 15分钟；
(2)工作模式判断歩骤： 判断变压器是否处于正常模式， 如果处于正常 模式， 信息采集转换装置根据采集间隔设置歩骤中设定的时间间隔定时采集 变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息和所有传感器的信号， 即利用高速采集卡采 集 4路 UHF传感器信号、 8路超声传感器信号、 1路 HFCT传感器信号， 一 般采集卡采集 4路振动传感器信号、 6路应力传感器信号， 电量采集单元和 非电量采集单元分别采集变压器相关的电量、非电量信息，每 15分钟采集一 次，将变压器的状态相关的全部信息统一收集；如果变压器未处于正常模式， 则信息采集转换装置立即开始并持续采集上述变压器的电量信息、 非电量信 息和所有传感器的信号， 以便于记录下故障发展整个过程中各个传感器参量 的变换情况、 电量和非电量的信息， 实现对故障全过程状态参量的全记录功 能， 为后续故障分析和诊断提供详实的数据支撑。
(3 )数据分析：数据分析单元对信息采集转换装置采集的数据进行分析 处理， 如果发现故障， 则启动预警单元进行预警； 数据分析单元内部预先安 装有状态分析诊断模型，可以对数据进行分析处理，提取出有效的状态参量， 分析诊断模型应用各个传感器的单参量对设备的故障进行预警， 应用多个状 态参量对变压器的状态进行评估和诊断； 其中的预警实施由预警单元完成；
(4)数据转换：数据转换单元将信息采集转换装置采集的相关全部状态 信息 （电量、 非电量、 传感器） 的数据转换为满足 IEC61850标准的信息， 该数据转换单元可以为一个以太网到 IEC61850协议转换网关， 也可以采用 其他的常用 IEC61850协议转换装置实现； ( 5 )数据发送： 数据传输单元将数据转换单元转换后满足 IEC61850标 准的信息集中上传至站层状态监测系统或网省侧评价中心等远程监测系统， 供给其他系统进行高级分析和应用。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所做的进一歩详细说明， 不能 认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属的技术领域的普 通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干简单推演 或替换， 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

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1、一种新型智能变压器， 其特征在于： 其包括变压器和信息采集转换装 置，所述变压器的内壁处设置有 UHF传感器，所述变压器内每个顶角处均设 置有超声传感器， 所述变压器内的下夹件处设置有振动传感器， 所述变压器 的铁心上部及下部均设置有应力传感器， 所述铁心接地引出线处设置有
HFCT传感器， 传感器的信号线连接至变压器顶部的引出端子上。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的一种新型智能变压器，其特征在于：所述 UHF 传感器的数量为 4个， 分别设置在变压器内的四个侧面上； 所述超声传感器 的数量为 8个， 分别设置在变压器内部的 8个顶点处； 所述振动传感器的数 量为 4个，分别设置在下夹件的四个侧面上；所述应力传感器的数量为 6个， 其中 3个设置在变压器铁心上部， 其余 3个设置在变压器铁心下部。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种新型智能变压器， 其特征在于： 所述 信息采集转换装置包括传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集单元和非电量采集 单元。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的一种新型智能变压器， 其特征在于： 所述传感 器状态量采集单元包括用于采集 UHF传感器信号、 HFCT传感器信号和超声 传感器信号的高速采集单元以及用于采集振动传感器信号和应力传感器信号 的一般采集单元。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的一种新型智能变压器， 其特征在于： 所述信息 采集转换装置还包括数据分析单元、 预警单元、 数据转换单元和数据传输单 元。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的一种新型智能变压器的应用方法，其特征在于: 包括以下歩骤：
(a)数据采集： 信息采集转换装置采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息 和所有传感器的信号；
( b )数据分析：数据分析单元对信息采集转换装置采集的数据进行分析 处理， 如果发现故障， 则启动预警单元进行预警；
( C )数据转换：数据转换单元将信息采集转换装置采集的数据转换为满 足 IEC61850标准的信息；
( d)数据发送：数据传输单元将数据转换单元转换后的信息传输给远程 监测系统。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的一种新型智能变压器的应用方法，其特征在于: 还包括采集间隔设置歩骤和工作模式判断歩骤， 且采集间隔设置歩骤和工作 模式判断歩骤在歩骤 （a) 之前执行， 其中：
所述采集间隔设置歩骤具体为： 设定传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集 单元和非电量采集单元的采集时间间隔， 该时间间隔最短为 5分钟， 最长为 24小时；
所述工作模式判断歩骤具体为：判断变压器是否处于正常模式，如果是， 则进入歩骤 （a) ， 且在歩骤 （a) 中信息采集转换装置根据采集间隔设置歩 骤中设定的时间间隔定时采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息和所有传感器 的信号； 如果变压器未处于正常模式， 则立即进入歩骤（a) ， 信息采集转换 装置立即开始并持续采集变压器的电量信息、 非电量信息和所有传感器的信 号。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的一种新型智能变压器的应用方法，其特征在于: 所述传感器状态量采集单元、 电量采集单元和非电量采集单元的采集时间间 隔设定为 15分钟。
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