WO2014101497A1 - Alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system and control method therefor - Google Patents

Alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system and control method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101497A1
WO2014101497A1 PCT/CN2013/084083 CN2013084083W WO2014101497A1 WO 2014101497 A1 WO2014101497 A1 WO 2014101497A1 CN 2013084083 W CN2013084083 W CN 2013084083W WO 2014101497 A1 WO2014101497 A1 WO 2014101497A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
bus
microgrid
control
voltage
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PCT/CN2013/084083
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高志强
孟良
李士林
唐宝锋
景皓
李宣义
徐俊杰
Original Assignee
国家电网公司
国网河北省电力公司电力科学研究院
河北省电力建设调整试验所
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Publication of WO2014101497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101497A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of renewable energy power generation, AC/DC hybrid microgrid control and micro grid application technology, and relates to a micro grid control method, in particular to an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system and a control method thereof. Background technique
  • the microgrid With the promotion and utilization of renewable energy, the microgrid has developed rapidly due to its flexible schedulability, reliability of power supply efficiency and independence of local power demand.
  • the DC microgrid has also been widely concerned with its significant advantages such as high utilization rate of renewable energy and low investment cost.
  • the current domestic load is mostly AC load
  • the demand for a separate DC microgrid is small, so both have both
  • the advantages of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid are born. Due to the complex structure and numerous components of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, its control is difficult, which limits its development.
  • microgrid control methods are mainly aimed at the control of the traditional AC microgrid. These methods cannot complete the control of the DC microgrid. Therefore, in order to better achieve renewable energy friendly access, improve the utilization rate of renewable energy, and reduce investment costs, it is necessary to study the control of AC/DC hybrid microgrid system. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system with high energy utilization rate, high safety and reliability, and a control method thereof.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, including a DC sub-microgrid and an AC sub-grid;
  • the DC sub-grid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load, and a DC grid DC bus.
  • the first photovoltaic component and the first battery are sequentially connected by a DC converter and a directional switch.
  • the DC load is connected to the DC bus through the tie switch;
  • the communication sub-microgrid includes an inverter, a second photovoltaic component, a super capacitor, a second battery, an AC load, a static var compensator, an active filter device, and a microgrid AC bus, the second photovoltaic component, super
  • the capacitor and the second battery are respectively connected to the AC bus through the inverter and the contact switch, and the static reactive power compensation device and the active filter device are directly connected to the AC bus, and the AC load is connected to the AC bus through the contact switch;
  • the micro-grid DC bus is sequentially connected to the micro-grid AC bus through a tie switch, an inverter, and a PCC switch; the micro-grid AC bus is connected to the main network through a PCC switch.
  • the micro-grid DC bus, the micro-grid AC bus, and the main network are DC 220V bus, AC 400V bus, and 10kV AC distribution network.
  • the invention also provides the above control method of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, which comprises the following steps:
  • step 2) If the detection in step 2) is normal, the system will be connected to the grid.
  • the supercapacitor adopts V/F control; all other inverters adopt PQ control, the DC converter adopts constant DC voltage control, and photovoltaic power generation adopts Maximum power control, the first battery and the second battery select a charging mode according to their own remaining capacity;
  • step 2) If abnormality is detected in step 2), the system performs islanding operation; at this time, the main inverter and super capacitor at the rear of the second battery are controlled by V/F, and all other inverters are controlled by PQ;
  • the device adopts constant DC voltage control, and the photovoltaic power generation adopts maximum power control;
  • constraints and basic criteria are parameters that ensure safe and reliable operation of the system or component.
  • the power imbalance amount refers to the difference between the total power generation of the system and the total power consumed by the system.
  • the first battery and the second battery are selected according to their own capacity.
  • the battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, the battery selects constant current charging; when the first battery or the second battery capacity is 30% When it is between 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the capacity of the first battery or the second battery is 100%, the battery selects the floating mode.
  • the main inverter refers to the inverter with the largest capacity in the system
  • the present invention refers to an inverter according to the second stage of the second battery.
  • the first battery and the second battery are selectively discharged according to their own capacity.
  • the battery capacity is greater than 30%, the battery follows the system power fluctuation to discharge; when the battery capacity is less than 30%, the battery stops discharging.
  • the frequency fluctuation exceeds ⁇ 0. 5Hz.
  • the voltage fluctuation of the micro-grid AC bus is more than ⁇ 20% of the rated voltage and is maintained at 0. 5s.
  • the beneficial effects produced by the above technical solution are as follows:
  • the invention can effectively improve the coordinated control between the DC microgrid and the AC microgrid, and at the same time exert its positive auxiliary function, thereby realizing the friendly access of the microgrid to the distribution network, thereby Improve matching
  • the grid's ability to accept renewable energy drives the development of renewable energy.
  • the invention performs coordinated control of the AC/DC microgrid, optimizes the charging and discharging of the energy storage, realizes flexible energy flow, improves the service life of the energy storage, and improves the stability and economy of the system. Compared with the existing microgrid control method, it can better realize the coordinated operation of the DC microgrid and the AC microgrid, and improve the system operation efficiency and the renewable energy utilization rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an AC-DC microgrid system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a control flow chart of a control method of an AC-DC microgrid system provided by the present invention. detailed description
  • the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system is composed of a DC microgrid and an AC microgrid, wherein the DC subgrid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load, and a micro-grid DC bus, the first photovoltaic component and the first battery are respectively connected to the DC bus through a DC converter and a contact switch, and the DC load is connected to the DC bus through the communication switch;
  • the DC subgrid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load, and a micro-grid DC bus, the first photovoltaic component and the first battery are respectively connected to the DC bus through a DC converter and a contact switch, and the DC load is connected to the DC bus through the communication switch;
  • the communication sub-microgrid includes an inverter, a second photovoltaic component, a super capacitor, a second battery, an AC load, a static reactive power compensation device (SVG), an active filter device (APF), and a microgrid AC bus
  • the second photovoltaic component, the super capacitor, and the second battery are respectively connected to the AC bus through the inverter and the contact switch, and the static reactive power compensation device and the active filter device are directly connected to the AC bus, and the AC load passes through the communication switch.
  • the AC bus is connected to the micro-grid AC bus through the communication switch, the inverter, and the PCC switch (the grid connection switch); the micro-grid AC bus is connected to the main network through the PCC switch.
  • control method of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system provided by the present invention fully utilizes the complementarity of the energy forms of the renewable energy and the energy storage system to realize flexible energy flow and improve the stability of the microgrid system.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 Initialize the components in the microgrid system and set the constraints and basic criteria necessary for each component to operate.
  • the protection parameters of the system such as the protection parameters of the system, the protection parameters of the battery (including the first battery, the second battery, the same below).
  • Step 2 Check if the frequency and voltage of the main network are normal. That is, it is tested whether the voltage and frequency of the main network meet the national standard of voltage and frequency of the 10kV distribution network.
  • Step 3 If the detection in step 2 is normal, the system is connected to the grid. At this time, the super capacitor is controlled by V/F; All other inverters adopt PQ control; DC converter adopts constant DC voltage control; photovoltaic power generation adopts maximum power control; battery selects charging mode according to its own capacity, that is, when battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, battery Select constant current charging; when the battery capacity is between 30% and 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the battery capacity is 100%, the battery selects floating charging mode.
  • Step 4 If an abnormality is detected in step 2, the system performs an island operation. At this time, the main inverter and the super capacitor are controlled by V/F; all the other inverters are controlled by PQ; the DC converter is controlled by constant DC voltage; and the photovoltaic power generation is controlled by the maximum power.
  • Step 5 Detect the voltage, frequency and power imbalance ⁇ ⁇ of the micro-grid AC bus.
  • Step 6 If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus of the microgrid are detected to increase or ⁇ ⁇ >0, the battery selects the charging mode according to its own capacity, that is, when the battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, the battery selects constant current charging. When the battery capacity is between 30% and 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the battery capacity is 100%, the battery selects the floating mode.
  • Step 7 If the voltage and frequency of the micro-grid AC bus are detected to decrease or ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0, the battery selects whether to discharge according to its capacity, that is, when the battery capacity is greater than 30%, the battery follows the system power fluctuation to discharge; When it is less than 30%, the battery stops discharging.
  • Step 8 If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus are out of the safe range, the system is stopped, that is, when the voltage and frequency of the AC bus exceed the safe range, the voltage fluctuates by more than ⁇ 20% of the rated voltage and maintains 0. 5s, the frequency fluctuation exceeds ⁇ At 0. 5Hz, stop the system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system and a control method therefor. The system comprises photovoltaic assemblies, inverters, a direct-current converter, storage batteries, a super-capacitor, an alternating-current load, a direct-current load, a direct-current bus, an alternating-current bus, an SVG, an APF, and the like. The control method comprises the steps of: first detecting the voltage and frequency of a main grid, and if normal, the system adopting grid-connected operation, or else, adopting isolated island operation; if the system is in grid-connected operation, the inverters all adopting PQ control and the direct-current converter adopting constant voltage control, and if the system is in isolated island operation, an energy storage inverter with the maximum capacity and the super-capacitor adopting V/F control, the remaining inverters adopting PQ control and the direct-current converter adopting constant voltage control; and finally under the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the system, ensuring that the energy storage capacity is within an optimal range. The present invention solves the operation control of a typical alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid system, improves the reliability, safety and economic efficiency of the system, and improves the utilization efficiency of renewable energy sources.

Description

一种交直流混合微电网系统及其控制方法  AC/DC hybrid microgrid system and control method thereof
技术领域 Technical field
本发明属于可再生能源发电、 交直流混合微电网控制及微电网应用技术领域， 涉及一种 微电网的控制方法， 尤其涉及一种交直流混合微电网系统及其控制方法。 背景技术  The invention belongs to the field of renewable energy power generation, AC/DC hybrid microgrid control and micro grid application technology, and relates to a micro grid control method, in particular to an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system and a control method thereof. Background technique
随着可再生能源的推广利用， 微电网以其灵活的可调度性、 供电效率的可靠性以及本地 用电需求的独立性等优势得到了迅猛的发展。 而直流微电网又以其可再生能源利用率高、 投 资成本小等显著优势也被广泛关注， 但由于目前国内的负载多为交流负载， 单独的直流微电 网需求较少， 因此兼具两者优点的交直流混合微电网便因运而生。 由于交直流混合微电网系 统结构复杂、 元件繁多导致其控制较为困难， 使得其发展受到了一定的限制。  With the promotion and utilization of renewable energy, the microgrid has developed rapidly due to its flexible schedulability, reliability of power supply efficiency and independence of local power demand. The DC microgrid has also been widely concerned with its significant advantages such as high utilization rate of renewable energy and low investment cost. However, since the current domestic load is mostly AC load, the demand for a separate DC microgrid is small, so both have both The advantages of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid are born. Due to the complex structure and numerous components of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, its control is difficult, which limits its development.
目前已有微电网控制方法主要都是针对传统的交流微电网的控制， 这些方法无法完成对 直流微电网的控制。 因此， 为了更好的实现可再生能源友好接入， 提高可再生能源的利用率， 减小投资成本需对交直流混合微电网系统的控制进行研究。 发明内容  At present, the microgrid control methods are mainly aimed at the control of the traditional AC microgrid. These methods cannot complete the control of the DC microgrid. Therefore, in order to better achieve renewable energy friendly access, improve the utilization rate of renewable energy, and reduce investment costs, it is necessary to study the control of AC/DC hybrid microgrid system. Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有能源利用率高、 安全可靠性高的交直流混合微 电网系统及其控制方法。  The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system with high energy utilization rate, high safety and reliability, and a control method thereof.
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用的技术方案为提供一种交直流混合微电网系统， 包括 直流子微电网和交流子微电网；  In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, including a DC sub-microgrid and an AC sub-grid;
所述直流子微电网包括直流变流器、 第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池、 直流负荷和微电网直 流母线， 所述第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池分别依次通过直流变流器、 联络开关接入直流母线， 所述直流负荷通过联络开关接入直流母线；  The DC sub-grid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load, and a DC grid DC bus. The first photovoltaic component and the first battery are sequentially connected by a DC converter and a directional switch. Into the DC bus, the DC load is connected to the DC bus through the tie switch;
所述交流子微电网包括逆变器、 第二光伏组件、 超级电容、 第二蓄电池、 交流负荷、 静 止无功补偿装置、 有源滤波装置和微电网交流母线， 所述第二光伏组件、 超级电容、 第二蓄 电池分别依次通过逆变器、 联络开关接入交流母线， 所述静止无功补偿装置和有源滤波装置 直接接入交流母线， 所述交流负荷通过联络开关接入交流母线；  The communication sub-microgrid includes an inverter, a second photovoltaic component, a super capacitor, a second battery, an AC load, a static var compensator, an active filter device, and a microgrid AC bus, the second photovoltaic component, super The capacitor and the second battery are respectively connected to the AC bus through the inverter and the contact switch, and the static reactive power compensation device and the active filter device are directly connected to the AC bus, and the AC load is connected to the AC bus through the contact switch;
所述微电网直流母线依次通过联络开关、 逆变器、 PCC 开关接入微电网交流母线； 所述 微电网交流母线通过 PCC开关接入主网。 所述微电网直流母线、 微电网交流母线、 主网分别为直流 220V母线、 交流 400V母线、 10kV交流配电网。 The micro-grid DC bus is sequentially connected to the micro-grid AC bus through a tie switch, an inverter, and a PCC switch; the micro-grid AC bus is connected to the main network through a PCC switch. The micro-grid DC bus, the micro-grid AC bus, and the main network are DC 220V bus, AC 400V bus, and 10kV AC distribution network.
本发明还提供了上述的交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其包括以下步骤：  The invention also provides the above control method of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system, which comprises the following steps:
1 ) 初始化微电网系统内各元件， 设定各元件运行时所必须的约束条件和基本准则； 1) Initialize the components in the microgrid system and set the constraints and basic criteria necessary for the operation of each component;
2 ) 检测主网的频率、 电压是否正常； 2) Check if the frequency and voltage of the main network are normal;
3 ) 若步骤 2 ) 中检测正常， 则系统进行并网运行， 此时， 超级电容采用 V/F控制； 其余 所有逆变器采用 PQ控制， 直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制， 光伏发电采用最大功率控制， 第 一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的剩余容量选择充电方式；  3) If the detection in step 2) is normal, the system will be connected to the grid. At this time, the supercapacitor adopts V/F control; all other inverters adopt PQ control, the DC converter adopts constant DC voltage control, and photovoltaic power generation adopts Maximum power control, the first battery and the second battery select a charging mode according to their own remaining capacity;
4) 若步骤 2)中检测异常， 则系统进行孤岛运行； 此时， 第二蓄电池后部的主逆变器和 超级电容采用 V/F控制， 其余所有逆变器采用 PQ控制； 直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制， 光 伏发电采用最大功率控制；  4) If abnormality is detected in step 2), the system performs islanding operation; at this time, the main inverter and super capacitor at the rear of the second battery are controlled by V/F, and all other inverters are controlled by PQ; The device adopts constant DC voltage control, and the photovoltaic power generation adopts maximum power control;
5 ) 检测交流母线的电压、 频率及功率不平衡量 Δ Ρ; 若检测交流母线的电压、 频率升高 或者 Δ Ρ〉0， 则第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择充电方式； 若检测交流母线的 电压、 频率降低或者 Δ Ρ〈0， 则第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其容量选择是否进行放电； 5) Detecting the voltage, frequency and power imbalance of the AC bus Δ Ρ; If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus are detected to increase or Δ Ρ>0, the first battery and the second battery select the charging mode according to their own capacity; When detecting the voltage and frequency of the AC bus, or decreasing Δ Ρ <0, the first battery and the second battery select whether to discharge according to the capacity;
6 ) 若检测交流母线的电压、 频率超出安全范围， 则停止系统。 6) If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus are detected to be outside the safe range, stop the system.
所述的约束条件和基本准则是保证系统或元件安全可靠运行的参数。  The constraints and basic criteria are parameters that ensure safe and reliable operation of the system or component.
所述的功率不平衡量是指系统的发电总功率与系统消耗的总功率之间的差值。  The power imbalance amount refers to the difference between the total power generation of the system and the total power consumed by the system.
所述的第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择充电方式是指当蓄电池容量小于 30%或者大于 80%时， 蓄电池选择恒流充电； 当第一蓄电池或第二蓄电池容量在 30%到 80%之 间时， 蓄电池选择恒压充电； 当第一蓄电池或第二蓄电池容量为 100%时， 蓄电池选择浮充方 式。  The first battery and the second battery are selected according to their own capacity. When the battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, the battery selects constant current charging; when the first battery or the second battery capacity is 30% When it is between 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the capacity of the first battery or the second battery is 100%, the battery selects the floating mode.
所述的主逆变器是指系统中容量最大的那个逆变器,本发明中指第二蓄电池后级的按个 逆变器。  The main inverter refers to the inverter with the largest capacity in the system, and the present invention refers to an inverter according to the second stage of the second battery.
所述的第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择放电方式是指当蓄电池容量大于 30%时， 蓄电池跟随系统功率波动进行放电； 当蓄电池容量小于 30%时， 蓄电池停止放电。  The first battery and the second battery are selectively discharged according to their own capacity. When the battery capacity is greater than 30%, the battery follows the system power fluctuation to discharge; when the battery capacity is less than 30%, the battery stops discharging.
所述的微电网交流母线的电压、频率超出安全范围是指电压波动超过 ± 20%额定电压并维 持 0. 5s , 频率波动超过 ± 0. 5Hz。  5 Hz, The frequency fluctuation exceeds ± 0. 5Hz. The voltage fluctuation of the micro-grid AC bus is more than ± 20% of the rated voltage and is maintained at 0. 5s.
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于： 本发明可以有效提高直流微网和交流微网之 间的协调控制， 同时发挥其积极的辅助作用， 实现微电网对配电网的友好接入， 从而提高配 电网对可再生能源的接纳能力， 推动可再生能源利用的发展。 本发明将交直流微电网进行了 协调控制， 并对储能的充放电进行了优化， 实现能量灵活流动， 提高了储能的使用寿命及系 统的稳定性和经济性。 相比现有的微电网控制方法， 其能更好的实现直流微网与交流微网的 协调运行， 提高系统运行效率、 可再生能源利用率。 附图说明 The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solution are as follows: The invention can effectively improve the coordinated control between the DC microgrid and the AC microgrid, and at the same time exert its positive auxiliary function, thereby realizing the friendly access of the microgrid to the distribution network, thereby Improve matching The grid's ability to accept renewable energy drives the development of renewable energy. The invention performs coordinated control of the AC/DC microgrid, optimizes the charging and discharging of the energy storage, realizes flexible energy flow, improves the service life of the energy storage, and improves the stability and economy of the system. Compared with the existing microgrid control method, it can better realize the coordinated operation of the DC microgrid and the AC microgrid, and improve the system operation efficiency and the renewable energy utilization rate. DRAWINGS
图 1为本发明提供的交直流微电网系统的结构示意图；  1 is a schematic structural diagram of an AC-DC microgrid system provided by the present invention;
图 2为本发明提供的交直流微电网系统的控制方法的控制流程图。 具体实施方式  2 is a control flow chart of a control method of an AC-DC microgrid system provided by the present invention. detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。  The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见附图 1， 本发明提供的交直流混合微电网系统由直流微电网和交流微电网组成， 其 中所述直流子微电网包括直流变流器、 第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池、 直流负荷和微电网直流 母线， 所述第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池分别依次通过直流变流器、 联络开关接入直流母线， 所述直流负荷通过联络开关接入直流母线；  Referring to Figure 1, the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system provided by the present invention is composed of a DC microgrid and an AC microgrid, wherein the DC subgrid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load, and a micro-grid DC bus, the first photovoltaic component and the first battery are respectively connected to the DC bus through a DC converter and a contact switch, and the DC load is connected to the DC bus through the communication switch;
所述交流子微电网包括逆变器、 第二光伏组件、 超级电容、 第二蓄电池、 交流负荷、 静 止无功补偿装置 （SVG)、 有源滤波装置 （APF)和微电网交流母线， 所述第二光伏组件、 超级 电容、 第二蓄电池分别依次通过逆变器、 联络开关接入交流母线， 所述静止无功补偿装置和 有源滤波装置直接接入交流母线， 所述交流负荷通过联络开关接入交流母线； 所述微电网直 流母线依次通过联络开关、 逆变器、 PCC 开关 （并网点开关） 接入微电网交流母线； 所述微 电网交流母线通过 PCC开关接入主网。  The communication sub-microgrid includes an inverter, a second photovoltaic component, a super capacitor, a second battery, an AC load, a static reactive power compensation device (SVG), an active filter device (APF), and a microgrid AC bus, The second photovoltaic component, the super capacitor, and the second battery are respectively connected to the AC bus through the inverter and the contact switch, and the static reactive power compensation device and the active filter device are directly connected to the AC bus, and the AC load passes through the communication switch. The AC bus is connected to the micro-grid AC bus through the communication switch, the inverter, and the PCC switch (the grid connection switch); the micro-grid AC bus is connected to the main network through the PCC switch.
参见附图 2， 本发明提供的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 充分利用可再生能 源与储能系统的能量形式的互补性， 实现能量灵活流动， 提高微电网系统的稳定性、 经济性， 为用户提供高效、 清洁、 稳定的绿色电力， 其具体步骤如下：  Referring to FIG. 2, the control method of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid system provided by the present invention fully utilizes the complementarity of the energy forms of the renewable energy and the energy storage system to realize flexible energy flow and improve the stability of the microgrid system. Economical, providing users with efficient, clean and stable green power, the specific steps are as follows:
步骤 1 : 初始化微电网系统内各元件， 设定各元件运行时所必须的约束条件和基本准则。 如系统的保护参数、 蓄电池 （包括第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池， 下同） 的保护参数等。  Step 1: Initialize the components in the microgrid system and set the constraints and basic criteria necessary for each component to operate. Such as the protection parameters of the system, the protection parameters of the battery (including the first battery, the second battery, the same below).
步骤 2: 检测主网的频率、 电压是否正常。 即检测主网的电压、 频率是否符合 10kV配电 网电压、 频率的国家标准。  Step 2: Check if the frequency and voltage of the main network are normal. That is, it is tested whether the voltage and frequency of the main network meet the national standard of voltage and frequency of the 10kV distribution network.
步骤 3: 若步骤 2中检测正常， 则系统进行并网运行。 此时， 超级电容采用 V/F控制； 其余所有逆变器采用 PQ控制；直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制；光伏发电采用最大功率控制； 蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择充电方式， 即当蓄电池容量小于 30%或者大于 80%时， 蓄电池选 择恒流充电； 当蓄电池容量在 30%到 80%之间时， 蓄电池选择恒压充电； 当蓄电池容量为 100% 时， 蓄电池选择浮充方式。 Step 3: If the detection in step 2 is normal, the system is connected to the grid. At this time, the super capacitor is controlled by V/F; All other inverters adopt PQ control; DC converter adopts constant DC voltage control; photovoltaic power generation adopts maximum power control; battery selects charging mode according to its own capacity, that is, when battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, battery Select constant current charging; when the battery capacity is between 30% and 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the battery capacity is 100%, the battery selects floating charging mode.
步骤 4: 若步骤 2中检测异常， 则系统进行孤岛运行。 此时， 主逆变器和超级电容采用 V/F控制； 其余所有逆变器采用 PQ控制； 直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制； 光伏发电采用最 大功率控制。  Step 4: If an abnormality is detected in step 2, the system performs an island operation. At this time, the main inverter and the super capacitor are controlled by V/F; all the other inverters are controlled by PQ; the DC converter is controlled by constant DC voltage; and the photovoltaic power generation is controlled by the maximum power.
步骤 5: 检测微电网交流母线的电压、 频率及功率不平衡量 Δ Ρ。  Step 5: Detect the voltage, frequency and power imbalance Δ Ρ of the micro-grid AC bus.
步骤 6: 若检测微电网交流母线的电压、 频率升高或者 Δ Ρ〉0， 则蓄电池根据其自身的容 量选择充电方式， 即当蓄电池容量小于 30%或者大于 80%时， 蓄电池选择恒流充电； 当蓄电池 容量在 30%到 80%之间时， 蓄电池选择恒压充电； 当蓄电池容量为 100%时， 蓄电池选择浮充 方式。  Step 6: If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus of the microgrid are detected to increase or Δ Ρ>0, the battery selects the charging mode according to its own capacity, that is, when the battery capacity is less than 30% or greater than 80%, the battery selects constant current charging. When the battery capacity is between 30% and 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the battery capacity is 100%, the battery selects the floating mode.
步骤 7: 若检测微电网交流母线的电压、 频率降低或者 Δ Ρ〈0， 则蓄电池根据其容量选择 是否进行放电， 即当蓄电池容量大于 30%时， 蓄电池跟随系统功率波动进行放电； 当蓄电池 容量小于 30%时， 蓄电池停止放电。  Step 7: If the voltage and frequency of the micro-grid AC bus are detected to decrease or Δ Ρ < 0, the battery selects whether to discharge according to its capacity, that is, when the battery capacity is greater than 30%, the battery follows the system power fluctuation to discharge; When it is less than 30%, the battery stops discharging.
步骤 8: 若检测交流母线的电压、 频率超出安全范围， 则停止系统， 即当交流母线的电 压、 频率超出安全范围是指电压波动超过 ± 20%额定电压并维持 0. 5s， 频率波动超过 ± 0. 5Hz 时， 停止系统。  Step 8: If the voltage and frequency of the AC bus are out of the safe range, the system is stopped, that is, when the voltage and frequency of the AC bus exceed the safe range, the voltage fluctuates by more than ± 20% of the rated voltage and maintains 0. 5s, the frequency fluctuation exceeds ± At 0. 5Hz, stop the system.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出： 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发 明的保护范围。  The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

权利要求书 claims
1、 一种交直流混合微电网系统， 其特征在于： 包括直流子微电网和交流子微电网； 所述直流子微电网包括直流变流器、 第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池、 直流负荷和微电网直 流母线， 所述第一光伏组件、 第一蓄电池分别依次通过直流变流器、 联络开关接入直流母线， 所述直流负荷通过联络开关接入直流母线； 1. An AC-DC hybrid microgrid system, characterized by: including a DC sub-microgrid and an AC sub-microgrid; the DC sub-microgrid includes a DC converter, a first photovoltaic component, a first battery, a DC load and Microgrid DC bus, the first photovoltaic module and the first battery are connected to the DC bus through a DC converter and a tie switch respectively, and the DC load is connected to the DC bus through a tie switch;
所述交流子微电网包括逆变器、 第二光伏组件、 超级电容、 第二蓄电池、 交流负荷、 静 止无功补偿装置、 有源滤波装置和微电网交流母线， 所述第二光伏组件、 超级电容、 第二蓄 电池分别依次通过逆变器、 联络开关接入交流母线， 所述静止无功补偿装置和有源滤波装置 直接接入交流母线， 所述交流负荷通过联络开关接入交流母线； The AC sub-microgrid includes an inverter, a second photovoltaic component, a super capacitor, a second battery, an AC load, a static reactive power compensation device, an active filtering device and a microgrid AC bus. The second photovoltaic component, the super capacitor The capacitor and the second battery are connected to the AC bus through the inverter and the tie switch respectively, the static reactive power compensation device and the active filtering device are directly connected to the AC bus, and the AC load is connected to the AC bus through the tie switch;
所述微电网直流母线依次通过联络开关、 逆变器、 PCC 开关接入微电网交流母线； 所述 微电网交流母线通过 PCC开关接入主网。 The microgrid DC bus is connected to the microgrid AC bus through the contact switch, inverter, and PCC switch in sequence; the microgrid AC bus is connected to the main grid through the PCC switch.
2、根据权利要求 1所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统， 其特征在于： 所述微电网直流母 线、 微电网交流母线、 主网分别为直流 220V母线、 交流 400V母线、 10kV交流配电网。 2. An AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microgrid DC bus, the microgrid AC bus, and the main grid are respectively a DC 220V bus, an AC 400V bus, and a 10kV AC power distribution. net.
3、权利要求 1所述的交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法，其特征在于：其包括以下步骤: 3. The control method of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: it includes the following steps:
1 ) 初始化微电网系统内各元件， 设定各元件运行时所必须的约束条件和基本准则；1) Initialize each component in the microgrid system and set the constraints and basic criteria necessary for the operation of each component;
2 ) 检测主网的频率、 电压是否正常； 2) Check whether the frequency and voltage of the main network are normal;
3 ) 若步骤 2 ) 中检测正常， 则系统进行并网运行， 此时， 超级电容采用 V/F控制； 其余 所有逆变器采用 PQ控制， 直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制， 光伏发电采用最大功率控制， 第 一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的剩余容量选择充电方式； 3) If the detection in step 2) is normal, the system will be connected to the grid. At this time, the supercapacitor adopts V/F control; all other inverters adopt PQ control, the DC converter adopts constant DC voltage control, and the photovoltaic power generation adopts Maximum power control, the first battery and the second battery select the charging method according to their own remaining capacity;
4) 若步骤 2)中检测异常， 则系统进行孤岛运行； 此时， 第二蓄电池后部的主逆变器和 超级电容采用 V/F控制， 其余所有逆变器采用 PQ控制； 直流变流器采用恒直流电压控制， 光 伏发电采用最大功率控制； 4) If an abnormality is detected in step 2), the system will perform island operation; at this time, the main inverter and supercapacitor behind the second battery are controlled by V/F, and all other inverters are controlled by PQ; DC conversion The generator adopts constant DC voltage control, and the photovoltaic power generation adopts maximum power control;
5 ) 检测交流母线的电压、 频率及功率不平衡量 Δ Ρ; 若检测交流母线的电压、 频率升高 或者 Δ Ρ〉0， 则第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择充电方式； 若检测交流母线的 电压、 频率降低或者 Δ Ρ〈0， 则第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其容量选择是否进行放电； 5) Detect the voltage, frequency and power imbalance Δ P of the AC bus; if the voltage, frequency of the AC bus is detected to increase or Δ P > 0, then the first battery and the second battery select the charging method according to their own capacities; if Detect the voltage and frequency of the AC bus to decrease or ΔP<0, then the first battery and the second battery choose whether to discharge according to their capacity;
6 ) 若检测交流母线的电压、 频率超出安全范围， 则停止系统。 6) If the detected voltage and frequency of the AC bus exceed the safe range, the system will be stopped.
4、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 约束条件和基本准则是保证系统或元件安全可靠运行的参数。 4. A control method for an AC/DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the constraints and basic criteria are parameters that ensure safe and reliable operation of the system or components.
5、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 功率不平衡量是指系统的发电总功率与系统消耗的总功率之间的差值。 5. A control method for an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power imbalance refers to the difference between the total power generated by the system and the total power consumed by the system.
6、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择充电方式是指当蓄电池容量小于 30%或者大 于 80%时， 蓄电池选择恒流充电； 当第一蓄电池或第二蓄电池容量在 30%到 80%之间时， 蓄电 池选择恒压充电； 当第一蓄电池或第二蓄电池容量为 100%时， 蓄电池选择浮充方式。 6. A control method for an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first battery and the second battery select a charging method according to their own capacities when the battery capacity is less than 30 % or greater than 80%, the battery selects constant current charging; when the first battery or the second battery capacity is between 30% and 80%, the battery selects constant voltage charging; when the first battery or the second battery capacity is 100% When , the battery selects float charging mode.
7、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 主逆变器是指系统中容量最大的那个逆变器。 7. The control method of an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the main inverter refers to the inverter with the largest capacity in the system.
8、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池根据其自身的容量选择放电方式是指当蓄电池容量大于 30%时， 蓄 电池跟随系统功率波动进行放电； 当蓄电池容量小于 30%时， 蓄电池停止放电。 8. A control method for an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first battery and the second battery select a discharge mode according to their own capacities when the battery capacity is greater than 30 %, the battery will discharge following the system power fluctuation; when the battery capacity is less than 30%, the battery will stop discharging.
9、根据权利要求 4所述的一种交直流混合微电网系统的控制方法， 其特征在于： 所述的 微电网交流母线的电压、 频率超出安全范围是指电压波动超过 ± 20%额定电压并维持 0. 5s， 频率波动超过 ± 0. 5Hz。 9. The control method of an AC-DC hybrid microgrid system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the voltage and frequency of the AC bus of the microgrid exceed the safe range means that the voltage fluctuation exceeds ± 20% of the rated voltage and Maintained for 0. 5s, the frequency fluctuation exceeds ± 0. 5Hz.
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