WO2014090036A1 - 一种线性聚光组件及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种线性聚光组件及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014090036A1
WO2014090036A1 PCT/CN2013/085139 CN2013085139W WO2014090036A1 WO 2014090036 A1 WO2014090036 A1 WO 2014090036A1 CN 2013085139 W CN2013085139 W CN 2013085139W WO 2014090036 A1 WO2014090036 A1 WO 2014090036A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
solar cell
linear
concentrating
welding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/085139
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄忠
Original Assignee
四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201210534148.4A external-priority patent/CN103022205B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310086729.0A external-priority patent/CN103151426B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310086392.3A external-priority patent/CN103178160B/zh
Application filed by 四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司 filed Critical 四川钟顺太阳能开发有限公司
Priority to AU2013358829A priority Critical patent/AU2013358829A1/en
Priority to EP13863342.5A priority patent/EP2933846A4/en
Priority to US14/407,995 priority patent/US20150179855A1/en
Publication of WO2014090036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014090036A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0038—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light
    • G02B19/0042—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light for use with direct solar radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/041—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L31/00
    • H01L25/043—Stacked arrangements of devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
    • H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and particularly relates to a linear concentrating component and a production process thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a linear concentrating assembly capable of effectively reducing the amount of cells used in an ordinary photovoltaic module, thereby reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module, and a production process thereof.
  • a linear concentrating assembly production process comprising: the following processing steps:
  • strip solar cell welding a number of solar cells cut into strips are arranged at a certain interval, and electrically connected by a soldering strip to form a grid solar cell;
  • a plurality of grid solar cells formed by the step c) are arranged and welded at a certain interval to form a battery string;
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention in the step b), the cutting process of the solar cell is divided into dicing and splitting, firstly dicing the solar cell by laser or diamond, in the solar cell A depth of 50 to 150 is formed on the upper surface, and then the slitting device is used to cleave the solar cell along the dicing place to form a strip-shaped solar cell.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention in the step b), dicing the back surface of the solar cell by laser or diamond, and then splitting the solar cell along the cutting place by using the cleavage device to form Strip solar cells.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention places the solar cell cut to a certain depth on a soft rubber pad, the solar cell has a dicing cut side downward, and the other side is provided with a layer of protection a film on which a rollable rigid roller is placed, the rigid roller rolling in a direction perpendicular to a dicing direction of the solar cell, and after the rigid roller is rolled, the solar cell piece is broken by the slit to form Strip solar cells;
  • the protective film on the front side of the solar cell is removed, and then the strip solar cells are placed at a fixed pitch by a strip solar cell pick-up device.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention places the back surface of the solar cell cut to a certain depth on the battery fixing platform and fixes and adsorbs it by a negative pressure, and is disposed on the battery fixing platform.
  • the clip gripper grips one side of the solar cell, and under the action of the inching drive mechanism, pushes the solar cell to inject forward with a certain beat, and pushes the other side of the solar cell to the clamping portion of the splitting mechanism.
  • the clamping portion moves downward under the action of the splitting cylinder, disconnecting the solar cell along the dicing plane, completing the cleavage of the solar cell sheet, and the strip-shaped solar cell after the lobing is passed by the clamping portion of the cleavage mechanism
  • the stepper motor is placed at a certain distance.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention in the step C), firstly placing the number of the main grid lines of the welded strip solar cells on the strip placement groove on the grid cell welding platform
  • the lower layer soldering strip, the vacuum adsorption hole provided at the strip placement groove corresponds to the lower layer soldering strip, and the lower layer soldering strip is fixed by adsorption; then the strip-shaped solar cells cut by step b) are placed at a certain fixed spacing
  • the upper end surface of the lower layer soldering strip is in contact with the positive electrode of the corresponding strip solar cell, and the vacuum adsorption hole on the welding platform of the grid cell corresponds to the strip solar cell placed, the strip solar cell
  • the upper layer is placed on the negative main grid line corresponding to the strip solar cell, and the upper high temperature pressing mechanism is descended, and the upper layer is pressed against the strip solar cell by the pressing strip of the pressing mechanism.
  • the upper and lower welding strips are closely attached to the strip solar cells; finally, the infrared welding lamps are descending, and the square holes are arranged on the bead to weld the strips and strips too
  • the welding position of the battery is infrared heat welded to form a grid solar cell, and the grid solar cell fabricated by the above welding method, wherein the strip solar cells are connected in parallel, that is, the positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected. Connected to the negative electrode.
  • step e after the line concentrating glass panel is placed, a layer of battery sealing material is laid on the online concentrating glass panel, and then the battery string is placed.
  • the positioning device is used to align the center of each strip of solar cells in the battery string with the center of the optical structure of each line-shaped collecting curved surface on the line concentrating glass panel.
  • a layer of battery sealing material and a backing plate are sequentially applied. material.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention the optical junction of the linear concentrating curved surface on the line concentrating glass panel
  • the center of the structure is identified by two position sensors that determine the highest point of the linear concentrating surface along the optical structural surface of the linear concentrating curved surface on the concentrating glass panel, and then determine the linear concentrating
  • the center line of the curved surface, the strip-shaped solar cell is moved forward, backward, left, or right by the strip-shaped battery position moving device, and the strip-shaped battery position moving device is based on the center of the line-shaped collecting surface on the line concentrating glass panel recognized by the position sensor Position, according to the deviation value for the corresponding action, position correction of the strip solar cell, so that its center is aligned with the center of the optical structure of the linear concentrated surface on the line concentrating glass panel.
  • the line concentrating glass panel converges the received solar ray and projects onto the battery string, and the linear concentrating surface of the line concentrating glass panel
  • the width of the linear concentrating light formed after the convergence of the sunlight is not greater than the width of each strip of solar cells in the battery string, or the line shape formed by the concentrated condensing curved surfaces of the concentrating glass panel.
  • the width of the concentrated light is not less than the width of each strip of solar cells in the battery string.
  • the linear concentrating assembly production process of the present invention the linear concentrating light width formed by each linear concentrating curved surface in the line concentrating glass panel after collecting sunlight, and each strip of solar cells in the battery string
  • the width of the strips is uniform, and the spacing between the adjacent two strip-shaped solar cells is consistent with the spacing between the linear concentrated rays formed by adjacent linear converging curved surfaces.
  • a linear concentrating assembly comprises a line concentrating glass panel, a sealing material layer, a solar cell and a backing plate, wherein the upper part of the concentrating panel is a linear curved concentrating curved array, and the solar cell comprises a plurality of strips of sun a battery and a soldering strip, wherein the position of the strip-shaped solar cell vertically corresponds to a linear curved collecting surface of the line concentrating glass panel, and a plurality of strip-shaped solar cells are soldered on the soldering strip to form a grid solar cell,
  • the line concentrating glass panel, the sealing material layer, the solar cell, and the back sheet are laminated to form a linear concentrating assembly.
  • the upper end surface of the line concentrating glass panel is a lens condensing and refracting surface
  • the lower end surface thereof is a flat surface
  • the lens extends laterally in a strip shape
  • the panel is capable of refracting mutually parallel incident light rays onto the grid solar cell sheets disposed under the line concentrating glass panel to form a linear condensing ray, if any one of the incident light rays and the focal point of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens is
  • the vertical distance between the vertical central axes of the corresponding lenses on the concentrating glass panel is X, and the incident light rays are refracted by the lens to the corresponding strip-shaped solar cells and the center line of the linear concentrating light length direction
  • the vertical distance is m
  • the vertical distance of the edge of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens to the vertical central axis is a
  • a vertical coordinate axis and a line connecting the two sides of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens form a plane coordinate system, and the midpoint of the line connecting the edges of the lens condensing and refracting surface is taken as the coordinate origin, and the lens of the vertical surface is condensed and refracted.
  • the curve equation of the contour shape of the surface in the plane coordinate system is obtained by the following formula:
  • variable x is the lateral distance between any point on the condensing and refracting surface of the lens and the vertical axis on the vertical plane
  • variable y The longitudinal distance between this point and the plane where the two sides of the lens condensing the refracting surface are located.
  • the linear concentrating assembly of the present invention the vertical distance a of the edge of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens to the vertical central axis and the projection point of the incident ray refracted through the edge of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens on the strip solar cell a vertical distance b from the center line of the linear concentrated light ray length direction, which satisfies the following conditions: l ⁇ a/b 10
  • the vertical distance of the edge of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens to the flat surface of the lower end of the concentrating glass panel is h, the lower end surface of the concentrating glass panel and the upper end surface of the strip solar cell Corresponding connection.
  • the line concentrating glass panel is symmetrical or asymmetrical along a vertical central axis.
  • the surface of the solar cell includes a plurality of annular fine grid lines disposed on the solar cell and equally spaced, and at least two main gate lines disposed perpendicular to the annular fine grid line.
  • the spacing between the adjacent two annular fine grid lines is 0.1 2 and the width of each annular fine grid line is 1 10
  • the main gate line is disconnected at a gap between two adjacent annular fine grid lines, and is divided into a plurality of independent units matched with the annular fine grid line.
  • the gap between the adjacent two annular thin grid lines is a dicing position, and the width of the annular fine grid line is smaller than the width of the strip-shaped solar cell after cutting, each The annular fine grid line corresponds to a strip-shaped solar cell, and the annular fine grid line is evenly distributed at an edge portion of the strip-shaped solar cell corresponding thereto.
  • the annular fine grid lines on the solar cell near the left and right side edges are designed in the same and symmetric arrangement, and the annular fine grid lines are designed identically and have a rectangular shape.
  • the grid solar cell sheet comprises a plurality of strip-shaped solar cells arranged at equal intervals, and the strip-shaped solar cells are electrically connected by a soldering strip, the soldering strip is composed of Connected to a strip of solder between two adjacent strips of solar cells, one end of which is connected to one of the upper ends of one of the strips of solar cells, and the other end of which is connected to another strip of solar cells adjacent thereto At the lower end, each of the strip segments is sequentially connected to electrically connect a plurality of strips of solar cells in series.
  • the strip segment has a zigzag shape.
  • the ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell forms a grid solar cell composed of strip-shaped solar cells at a certain fixed interval by adding dicing, splitting and welding processes for processing the ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell sheet. Combined with a dedicated line concentrating glass panel for subsequent lamination and lamination curing processes, a photovoltaic module is finally obtained.
  • the linear concentrating photovoltaic module produced by the process of the invention can effectively reduce the amount of cells used in ordinary photovoltaic modules, thereby reducing the production cost of the photovoltaic module.
  • FIG. 1 is an enlarged side elevational view of a solar cell sheet after dicing in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a splitting device in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of another slitting device in the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4-8 are schematic views showing the structure of a welding jig of a grid solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a grid solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a battery string in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a positioning device for aligning the line concentrating glass panel with each strip of solar cells in the battery string.
  • Fig. 12 is a flow chart showing the determination of the alignment.
  • Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of the linear concentrating assembly.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a line concentrating glass panel.
  • Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 are sectional views of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens obtained according to the different values of ⁇ ⁇ .
  • Figure 17 is a light spot energy distribution diagram using a conventional lens as a condensing lens.
  • Figure 18 is a light spot energy distribution curve after a conventional lens is used as a collecting lens.
  • Fig. 19 is a view showing the light spot energy distribution after the line collecting lens of the present invention is used.
  • Figure 20 is a light spot energy distribution curve after using the line concentrating lens of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a grid design of the main gate line disconnected on the solar cell.
  • Figure 22 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 21 .
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the grid solar cells of the present invention are connected in series.
  • 1 is a line concentrating glass panel
  • 2 is a sealing material layer
  • 3 is a solar cell
  • 4 is a backing plate
  • 6 is a strip solar cell
  • 7 is a soldering strip
  • 8 is incident light
  • 9 is a vertical central axis 10 is a ring-shaped fine grid line
  • 11 is a main grid line
  • 12 is a strip section
  • 13 is a soft rubber pad
  • 14 is a protective film
  • 15 is a rigid roller
  • 16 is a battery fixing platform
  • 17 is a clip gripper
  • 18 is the inching drive mechanism
  • 19 is the clamping part of the splitting mechanism
  • 20 is the splitting cylinder
  • 21 is the grid solar cell
  • 22 is the grid cell welding platform
  • 23 is the welding strip placement slot
  • 24 is the vacuum adsorption hole 25 is a pressing mechanism
  • 26 is a bead
  • 27 is an infrared welding lamp
  • 28 is a square hole
  • 29 is a battery string
  • 30 is
  • a linear concentrating assembly production process comprising the following processing steps:
  • the cell is cut, and the crystalline silicon solar cell is cut by laser or diamond in a direction perpendicular to the main grid line of the cell to form a strip solar cell.
  • the cutting process of the solar cell is divided into a dicing and a lobing.
  • the back surface of the solar cell is first diced by laser or diamond, and a depth of 50 to 150 ⁇ is formed on the solar cell, and the dicing position is Between the adjacent annular fine grid lines, the lobes are then lobed by the lobing device to form a strip-shaped solar cell.
  • the solar cell 3 which is cut to a certain depth is placed on the soft rubber pad 13, the solar cell 3 has a side with a dicing cut downward, and the other side is provided with a protective film 14, A rollable rigid roller 15 is placed on the protective film 14, and the rigid roller 15 rolls in a direction perpendicular to the dicing direction of the solar cell 3.
  • the rigid roller is crushed, the solar cell piece is broken by the slit. , forming a strip of solar cells.
  • the protective film on the front side of the solar cell is removed, and then the strip solar cells are placed at a fixed pitch by a strip solar cell pick-up device.
  • the battery naturally breaks from the cutting position, thereby avoiding the damage of the laser or the diamond tool to the knot, thereby to some extent
  • the solar cell efficiency is guaranteed.
  • the back surface of the solar cell 3 cut to a certain depth is placed on the battery fixing platform 16 and fixed and adsorbed by a negative pressure, and is disposed on the battery fixing platform.
  • the clip air gripper 17 on the 16 grips the side of the solar cell 3, and under the action of the inching drive mechanism 18, pushes the solar cell 3 to move forward with a certain beat, and pushes the other side of the solar cell 3
  • the clamping portion 19 of the splitting mechanism is clamped, and the clamping portion 19 is moved downward by the splitting cylinder 20 to disconnect the solar cell 3 along the dicing plane to complete the splitting of the solar cell sheet, after the splitting
  • the strip-shaped solar cell 6 is placed at a constant pitch by the stepping motor by the nip portion 19 of the splitting mechanism.
  • strip solar cell welding a plurality of solar cells cut into strips are arranged at a certain interval, and electrically connected by a soldering strip to form a grid solar cell 21, as shown in FIG.
  • the specific welding process of the grid solar cell sheet is as follows: First, the main grid line of the strip solar cell 6 is placed on the strip placement groove 23 on the grid cell soldering platform 22.
  • the strip-shaped solar cell 6 is fixed by adsorption, and the welding strip 7 and the strip-shaped solar cell 6 placed on the grid cell welding platform 22 are prevented from being displaced by the adsorption;
  • the depth of the soldering strip placement slot 23 is not greater than the thickness of the soldering strip 7.
  • the height of the soldering strip is slightly higher than the upper end surface of the soldering grid of the grid cell, which is beneficial to the strip and the strip.
  • the solar cell is closely attached; the upper layer is placed on the negative main grid line corresponding to the strip solar cell 6, and the upper high temperature pressing mechanism 25 is descended, and the upper layer is stripped by the bead 26 of the pressing mechanism 25.
  • the solar cell 6 is pressed so that the upper and lower welding strips are closely adhered to the strip solar cells during welding, thereby avoiding the false soldering and the missing soldering; finally, the infrared soldering lamp 27 is descending, and is welded by the square hole 28 provided on the bead 26
  • the welding position of the belt 7 and the strip solar cell 6 is subjected to infrared heating welding to form the grid solar cell sheet 21.
  • the welding strip and the strip solar cell are pressed by the grid cell welding platform and the pressing mechanism, and then the welding strip and the strip solar cell are welded by the infrared welding lamp, and the entire welding process is highly automated, effectively solving There are problems with manual soldering and existing automated soldering equipment.
  • a plurality of grid solar cells 21 formed by the step c) are arranged at a certain pitch and welded to form a battery string 29, as shown in FIG.
  • the optical structure center of the linear concentrating curved surface of the line concentrating glass panel 1 is identified by two position sensors 30 , and the position sensor 30 is linearly gathered along the line concentrating glass panel 1 .
  • the optical structural surface of the light curved surface is used to determine the highest point of the linear concentrated curved surface, and then the center line of the linear concentrated curved surface is judged, and the strip-shaped solar cell 6 is moved forward, backward, left, or right by the strip-shaped battery position moving device 31.
  • the strip-shaped battery position moving device 31 performs position correction on the strip-shaped solar cell 6 according to the center position of the line-shaped collecting curved surface on the line concentrating glass panel 1 recognized by the position sensor 30, and correspondingly operates according to the deviation value.
  • the center is aligned with the center of the optical structure of the line-type concentrating curved surface of the line concentrating glass panel 1.
  • the line concentrating glass panel 1 converges the received solar ray and projects it onto the battery string 29, and the linear concentrating glass panel 1 has a line shape formed by collecting concentrated sunlight on the curved concentrating curved surface.
  • the width of the concentrated light ray is not greater than the width of each strip of solar cells 6 in the battery string 29, or the width of the linear concentrating light formed by the concentrated condensing curved surfaces of the line concentrating glass panel 1 is not concentrated. It is smaller than the width of each strip of solar cells 6 in the battery string 29.
  • the linear concentrated light ray width formed by the concentrated light-convex curved surfaces of the line concentrating glass panel 1 is the same as the width of each strip of solar cells 6 in the battery string 29,
  • the spacing between the adjacent two strip-shaped solar cells 6 is consistent with the spacing between the linear concentrated ray rays formed by adjacent linear concentrating curved surfaces; the strip solar cells in the strip solar cells
  • the surface receiving surfaces are on the same plane, and the receiving surfaces formed on the upper surfaces of the grid solar cells in the battery string are on the same plane, and the receiving surfaces formed on the upper surfaces of the battery strings are on the same plane.
  • a flow chart for determining and aligning the line concentrating glass panel 1 with each strip solar battery 6 in the battery string 29 is shown.
  • a linear concentrating assembly includes a line concentrating glass panel 1, a sealing material layer 2, a solar cell 3, and a backing plate 4.
  • the upper portion of the concentrating panel 1 is a linear curved concentrating curved surface.
  • the solar cell 3 includes a plurality of strip-shaped solar cells 6 and a solder ribbon 7, the position of the strip-shaped solar cell 6 vertically corresponding to the linear curved collecting surface of the line concentrating glass panel 1, a plurality of strips of sun
  • the battery 6 is soldered to the solder ribbon 7 to form a grid solar cell sheet, and the line concentrating glass panel 1, the sealing material layer 2, the solar cell 3, and the back sheet 4 are laminated to form a linear concentrating assembly.
  • the upper end surface of the line concentrating glass panel 1 is a lens condensing and refracting surface
  • the lower end surface thereof is a flat surface
  • the lens extends laterally in an elongated shape
  • the line concentrating glass panel 1 can
  • the mutually parallel incident light is refracted onto the grid solar cell sheet disposed under the line concentrating glass panel 1 to form a linear condensing ray, and if any one of the incident ray 8 and the lens condensing refracting surface contact point
  • the vertical distance between the vertical center axis 9 of the corresponding lens on the line concentrating glass panel 1 is x
  • the vertical distance of the direction center line is m
  • the vertical distance of the edge of the lens collecting and refracting surface to the vertical center axis 9 is a
  • variable x is the lateral distance between any point on the condensing and refracting surface of the lens and the vertical axis 9 on the vertical surface
  • variable y is the longitudinal distance between this point and the plane on which the two sides of the concentrating surface of the lens lie.
  • the contour shape of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens on the vertical plane has a polygonal structure, and as the ⁇ ⁇ value becomes smaller, the number of polygon sides of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens increases, until a smooth linear curve is formed. Concentrated surface.
  • the vertical distance of the edge of the condensing and refracting surface of the lens to the flat surface of the lower end of the concentrating glass panel 1 is h, and the lower end surface of the concentrating glass panel 1 is connected to the upper end surface of the strip solar cell 6
  • the line concentrating glass panel 1 is symmetrical or asymmetrical along the vertical center axis 9.
  • the line concentrating glass panel with the above structure can reduce the amount of the photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic module, and reduce the cost, and the reflective concentrating glass panel has a reflection cross section, and the theoretical transmittance can reach 94% or more.
  • the concentrating photovoltaic module of the Fresnel lens enables more light to be absorbed by the solar cell, and the spot concentrated by the concentrating glass panel can be evenly distributed on the solar cell, compared to a general concentrator, The spot is more uniform, effectively reducing the lateral current generated inside the battery, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the brightness of the spot on both sides of the spot is the highest in the spot energy distribution diagram, and the brightness of the part is dark, and the reaction is in the spot energy distribution.
  • the peaks on both sides of the curve are higher, while the middle part is suddenly lowered.
  • the spot brightness is substantially the same in the spot energy distribution diagram, and the reaction is substantially in the spot energy distribution curve. On the same energy level, the energy distribution is relatively uniform.
  • the surface of the solar cell 3 includes a plurality of annular fine gate lines 10 disposed on the solar cell 3 and equally spaced, and three main gate lines 1 1 disposed perpendicularly to the annular fine gate lines 10.
  • the distance between the adjacent two annular thin gate lines 10 is 0. lmm ⁇ 2 mm
  • the width of each annular fine grid line 10 is lira! ⁇ 10mm.
  • each annular fine grid line 10 corresponds to a strip of solar cells, the annular fine grid lines 10 are evenly distributed at edge portions of the strip-shaped solar cells corresponding thereto;
  • the annular fine grid lines 10 on the upper and lower sides are designed identically and symmetrically, with the annular fine grid lines 10 being identical in design and rectangular in shape.
  • the main gate line 11 is disconnected at a gap between two adjacent annular fine gate lines 10, and is divided into a plurality of independent units matched with the annular fine grid line 10. Designing the front or back main grid lines as separate discrete units, on the one hand, it is advantageous to use laser or mechanical means to divide the entire battery into the required strip batteries, because there is no metallic silver (front) or silver in the partition. Aluminum alloy (back) or other materials used to form the front and back electrodes, which improves processing efficiency and effectively prevents chipping at cracks and other damages that reduce battery efficiency. On the other hand, this design also saves the amount of silver paste on the front side and silver paste on the back side, thus reducing production costs.
  • the main gate line 11 can also be a continuous design.
  • the surface of each strip-shaped battery unit separated after cutting can have the same distribution, and the annular fine grid lines are evenly distributed on the edge of the strip-shaped battery, which not only ensures all the strips.
  • the grid solar cell sheet includes a plurality of strip-shaped solar cells 6 arranged at equal intervals, and the strip-shaped solar cells 6 are electrically connected by a solder ribbon 7, and the solder ribbon 7 is connected by a plurality of connections.
  • the strip portion 12 is formed between two adjacent strip-shaped solar cells 6, and the strip end 12 is connected at the upper end of one of the strip-shaped solar cells 6, that is, the negative electrode, and the other end thereof is connected adjacent thereto.
  • the other end of the strip-shaped solar cell 6 is a positive electrode, and each of the strip segments 12 is sequentially connected to electrically connect a plurality of strip-shaped solar cells 6 in a zigzag manner. This is a way of connecting strip solar cells in series.
  • the welding method and fixture described in the previous step c) are for the parallel connection of strip solar cells.
  • the width of the finally formed grid cell can be set to 125mm or 156mm as needed, so that the outer dimensions of the grid cell are consistent with the outer dimensions of the ordinary crystalline silicon solar cell, so that the ordinary crystal can be directly borrowed.
  • the equipment for automated production of silicon components performs subsequent processing on the grid cells. Of course, it is also possible to freely adjust the number and spacing of strip solar cells according to specific needs.
  • the grid cell formed by the above method may have a voltage of several volts to several tens of volts, thereby satisfying the use of some high voltage electrical appliances, and since the strip batteries are arranged at a certain fixed pitch,
  • the grid cell has good light transmittance and can be used for the light-transmitting component in the photovoltaic building integration.
  • the grid cell can be applied to a low magnification. In the concentrating assembly, the amount of the battery sheet can be effectively reduced as compared with the conventional flat panel assembly.

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Abstract

提供一种线性聚光组件及其生产工艺。线性聚光组件包括线聚光玻璃面板、密封材料层、太阳电池以及背板。生产工艺包括电池片分档测试、电池片切割、条状电池焊接、格栅电池片（21）的串联焊接、层叠、检查及测试。通过增加针对普通晶硅太阳电池片进行处理的划片、裂片和焊接工艺来使普通晶硅太阳电池形成由条状太阳电池按一定固定间距组成的格栅电池片，再配合专用的线聚光玻璃面板进行后续的叠层、层压固化工艺，最终得到光伏组件。该工艺制作的线性聚光光伏组件能有效减少普通光伏组件的电池片用量，从而降低光伏组件的生产成本。

Description

一种线性聚光组件及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能利用技术领域， 特别涉及一种线性聚光组件及其生产工艺。
背景技术
太阳能具有清洁、 无资源地域限制、 对人类来说永无枯竭等优良特性， 越来越受到人们 的青睐， 其中太阳能光伏利用即太阳光通过光伏器件直接转换成电能的技术尤其引人注目。 目前， 国内光伏太阳电池组件的生产工艺过程， 包括对普通晶硅太阳电池片的分档测试， 电 池片的单片焊接和串焊， 叠层， 层压固化以及铝合金边框的组装。 整个工艺过程中所用的晶 体硅电池片由于价格比较昂贵， 使用量比较大， 因此最终生产出的光伏太阳电池组件成本较 高， 致使现阶段光伏发电的发电成本较常规发电成本高出数倍， 因此限制了光伏发电技术的 规模化应用， 制约了整个行业的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于： 针对上述存在的问题， 提供一种能有效减少普通光伏组件的电池片 用量， 从而降低光伏组件生产成本的线性聚光组件及其生产工艺。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的： 一种线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 包括以下 加工步骤：
a)、 电池片分档测试， 对已经进行功率分档后的电池片依据其最大功率输出时的电流值 进行分档；
b )、 电池片切割， 采用激光或金刚石沿垂直于电池片主栅线的方向将晶体硅太阳电池进 行切割处理， 形成条状太阳电池；
c )、 条状太阳电池焊接， 将若干切割成条状的太阳电池按一定间距进行排列， 并用焊带 对其进行电学连接， 形成格栅太阳电池片；
d)、 格栅太阳电池片的串联焊接， 将若干经过步骤 c ) 形成的格栅太阳电池片按一定间 距排列并焊接起来， 形成电池串；
e )、 层叠， 依次将线聚光玻璃面板、 电池密封材料、 电池串、 电池密封材料以及背板材 料层叠起来， 通过汇流带将不同格栅状的电池串进行电气连接；
f )、 检查及测试， 对层叠后的线聚光组件进行外观检查， 然后进行 EL测试， 最后进行后 续工序。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其在所述步骤 b ) 中， 所述太阳电池的切割处理 分为划片和裂片， 首先采用激光或金刚石对太阳电池进行划片， 在太阳电池上形成 50〜150 的深度， 然后利用裂片装置对太阳电池沿划片的地方进行裂片， 形成条状太阳电池。 本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其在所述步骤 b ) 中， 采用激光或金刚石由太阳 电池的背面进行划片， 然后利用裂片装置对太阳电池沿切割的地方进行裂开， 形成条状太阳 电池。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其将所述被切割一定深度的太阳电池放置在软性 胶垫上， 所述太阳电池具有划片切口的一面向下， 其另一面设置一层保护薄膜， 在所述保护 薄膜上放置有可滚动地刚性滚轮， 所述刚性滚轮沿与太阳电池划片方向垂直的方向滚动， 当 刚性滚轮碾压后， 太阳电池片由切口处断裂开来， 形成条状太阳电池； 当整个太阳电池片均 裂成条状太阳电池后， 去掉太阳电池正面的保护薄膜， 然后用条状太阳电池拾取装置将条状 太阳电池按照某一固定的间距进行摆放。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其将所述被切割一定深度的太阳电池背面朝上放 置在电池固定平台上并通过负压对其进行固定和吸附， 设置在电池固定平台上的夹片气爪对 太阳电池一侧进行夹持， 并在寸动驱动机构的作用下， 推动太阳电池以一定节拍向前进行寸 动， 将太阳电池另一侧推到裂片机构的夹持部进行夹持， 夹持部在裂片气缸的作用下向下动 作， 使太阳电池沿划片的地方断开， 完成对太阳电池片的裂片， 裂片后的条状太阳电池被裂 片机构的夹持部通过步进电机按一定的间距进行摆放。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其在所述步骤 C ) 中， 首先在格栅电池片焊接平 台上的焊带放置槽上放置与所焊接条状太阳电池主栅线的数量相等的下层焊带， 焊带放置槽 处设置的真空吸附孔与下层焊带对应， 所述下层焊带通过吸附固定； 然后将通过步骤 b ) 切 割好的条状太阳电池按某一固定间距放置在格栅电池片焊接平台上， 下层焊带上端面与对应 条状太阳电池正极接触， 所述格栅电池片焊接平台上的真空吸附孔与放置的条状太阳电池对 应， 所述条状太阳电池通过吸附固定； 再将上层焊带放置在条状太阳电池对应的负极主栅线 上， 上方耐高温的压紧机构下行， 通过压紧机构的压条将上层焊带与条状太阳电池压紧， 使 焊接时上、 下层焊带与条状太阳电池紧密贴合； 最后红外焊接灯下行， 通过压条上设置的方 孔对焊带与条状太阳电池的焊接位置进行红外加热焊接， 形成格栅太阳电池片， 采用上述焊 接方法制作的格栅太阳电池片， 其中条状太阳电池相互之间的连接方式为并联方式， 即正极 与正极连接， 负极与负极连接。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其在所述步骤 e ) 中， 先将线聚光玻璃面板放好 后， 再在线聚光玻璃面板上敷设一层电池密封材料， 然后放电池串并采用定位设备将电池串 中各条状太阳电池的中心与线聚光玻璃面板上各线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心对齐， 对位完 成后， 再依次敷设一层电池密封材料以及背板材料。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其所述线聚光玻璃面板上线型聚光曲面的光学结 构中心通过两个位置感应器进行识别， 所述位置感应器沿着线聚光玻璃面板上线型聚光曲面 的光学结构面作运动判断线型聚光曲面的最高点， 然后判断出线型聚光曲面的中心线， 条状 太阳电池通过条状电池位置移动装置进行前后、 左右或旋转动作， 条状电池位置移动装置根 据位置感应器所识别出来的线聚光玻璃面板上线型聚光曲面的中心位置， 根据偏差值作相应 的动作， 对条状太阳电池进行位置修正， 使其中心与线聚光玻璃面板上线型聚光曲面的光学 结构中心对齐。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其所述线聚光玻璃面板将接收到的太阳光线汇聚 后投射到所述电池串上， 所述线聚光玻璃面板中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚 光光线宽度不大于所述电池串中各条状太阳电池的宽度， 或所述线聚光玻璃面板中各线型聚 光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度不小于所述电池串中各条状太阳电池的宽度。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其所述线聚光玻璃面板中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太 阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度与所述电池串中各条状太阳电池的宽度一致， 所述相邻两个 条状太阳电池之间的间距与相邻线型聚光曲面形成的线型聚光光线之间的间距一致。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其所述格栅太阳电池片中各条状太阳电池上表面 接收面在同一平面上， 所述电池串中各格栅太阳电池片上表面形成的接收面在同一平面上， 所述各电池串上表面形成的接收面在同一平面上。
一种线性聚光组件， 包括线聚光玻璃面板、 密封材料层、 太阳电池以及背板， 所述聚光 面板的上部为线型弧形聚光曲面阵列， 所述太阳电池包括若干条状太阳电池和焊带， 所述条 状太阳电池的位置与线聚光玻璃面板的线型弧形聚光曲面垂直对应， 若干条状太阳电池在焊 带上焊接连接形成格栅太阳电池片， 所述线聚光玻璃面板、 密封材料层、 太阳电池以及背板 经过层压后形成线性聚光组件。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述线聚光玻璃面板上端面为透镜聚光折射面， 其下端 面为平整面， 所述透镜横向延伸呈长条状， 所述线聚光玻璃面板能够将相互平行的入射光线 折射到设置于线聚光玻璃面板下方的格栅太阳电池片上从而形成线型聚光光线， 若其中任意 一条入射光线和所述透镜聚光折射面的接触点与该线聚光玻璃面板上对应透镜垂直中轴之间 的垂直距离为 X， 该入射光线经透镜折射到对应条状太阳电池上后形成的投影点与所述线型 聚光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距离为 m， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂直中轴的垂直距离 为 a， 经所述透镜聚光折射面边缘折射的入射光线在条状太阳电池上的投影点与所述线型聚 光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距离为 b， 则该透镜满足的条件为 x/m=a/b， 其中， 所述该入射 光线的入射点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘构成的垂直面与所述线型聚光光线长度方向中心线 垂直， 该垂直面上部为透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状， 所述入射光线经过透镜聚光折射面时的 入射角为 β， 折射角为 0， 该入射光线经折射后的光线与条状太阳电池的夹角为 α， 所述透 镜聚光折射面边缘与条状太阳电池的垂直距离为 h， 在该垂直面中， 由垂直中轴以及透镜聚 光折射面两侧边缘连线构成平面坐标系， 以透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘连线中点为坐标原点， 该垂直面上部的透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状在所述平面坐标系中的曲线方程， 由以下公式得 出：
公式 1: x/m=a/b, x=a-N*Ax, 其中 Δχ是一个在 X轴方向上很小的距离， Ν示这个小间 距的个数；
公式 2
Figure imgf000005_0001
β；
公式 3: tana = (h+yn) / (a_m), m=b_N*Ax*b/a;
公式 4: 8ίηβ=η*8ίηθ, 其中系数 η为透镜折射率；
公式 5: α-θ + β = π/2, 艮 0= ( α+β ) _π/2;
公式 6 sin β =n*sin[ ( a + β ) - π /2]= n*[- cos ( a + β ) ]=n* (sin a *sin β -cos a *cos β );
公式 7: tan β =n*cos a / (n*sin a -1)；
其中， a、 b、 h、 n、 Δχ为已知， 且 yQ=0， 变量 x为所述透镜聚光折射面上任意一点与 该垂直面上垂直中轴之间的横向距离， 变量 y为该点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘所在的平面 之间的纵向距离。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述透镜聚光折射面在垂直面上的轮廓形状为具有多边 形的结构， 随着 Δχ取值变小， 透镜聚光折射面的多边形边数越多， 直至构成圆滑的线型弧 形聚光曲面， 其中， Δχ应满足的条件为 ει/Δχ=Μ， Μ为任意一个整数， 2000<ει/ΔΧ<10000。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂直中轴的垂直距离 a以及 经所述透镜聚光折射面边缘折射的入射光线在条状太阳电池上的投影点与所述线型聚光光线 长度方向中心线的垂直距离 b， 其满足以下条件： l<a/b 10
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到线聚光玻璃面板下端平整面 的垂直距离为 h， 所述线聚光玻璃面板下端面与条状太阳电池上端面对应连接。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述线聚光玻璃面板沿垂直中轴对称或不对称。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述太阳电池表面包括设置在太阳电池上且等间距分布 的若干环形细栅线以及与所述环形细栅线垂直布置的至少两条主栅线， 所述相邻两个环形细 栅线之间的间距为 0.1 2 每个环形细栅线的宽度为 1 10
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述主栅线在相邻两个环形细栅线之间的间隙处断开， 分为若干与环形细栅线匹配的独立单元。 本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述相邻两个环形细栅线之间的间隙为划片位置， 所述 环形细栅线的宽度小于切割后条状太阳电池的宽度， 每一个环形细栅线对应一个条状太阳电 池， 所述环形细栅线均匀地分布在与其对应的条状太阳电池的边缘部分。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述太阳电池上靠近左右两侧边缘的环形细栅线设计相 同且对称布置， 其之间的环形细栅线设计相同且呈矩形。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述格栅太阳电池片包括若干等间距排列的条状太阳电 池， 所述条状太阳电池之间通过焊带进行电气连接， 所述焊带由若干连接在相邻两个条状太 阳电池之间的焊带段组成， 所述焊带段一端连接在其中一个条状太阳电池上端， 其另一端连 接在与之相邻的另一个条状太阳电池下端， 每个焊带段依次连接， 使若干条状太阳电池以串 联的方式进行电气连接。
本发明所述的线性聚光组件， 其所述焊带段呈 z字形。
本发明在生产过程中通过增加针对普通晶硅太阳电池片进行处理的划片、 裂片和焊接工 艺来使普通晶硅太阳电池形成由条状太阳电池按一定固定间距组成的格栅太阳电池片， 再配 合专用的线聚光玻璃面板进行后续的叠层、 层压固化工艺最终得到光伏组件。 通过本发明的 工艺制作的线性聚光光伏组件能有效减少普通光伏组件的电池片用量， 从而降低光伏组件的 生产成本。
附图说明
图 1是本发明中划片后的太阳电池片侧面放大图。
图 2是本发明中一种裂片装置的结构示意图。
图 3是本发明中另一种裂片装置的结构示意图。
图 4-8是本发明中格栅太阳电池片的焊接治具结构示意图。
图 9是本发明中格栅太阳电池片的结构示意图。
图 10是本发明中电池串的结构示意图。
图 11是将线聚光玻璃面板与电池串中各条状太阳电池对齐的定位设备。
图 12是对齐的判定识别流程图。
图 13是线性聚光组件的局部放大图。
图 14是线聚光玻璃面板的结构示意图。
图 15和图 16是根据 Δ χ的不同取值得到的透镜聚光折射面的截面轮廓图。
图 17是采用传统透镜作为聚光透镜后光斑能量分布图。
图 18是采用传统透镜作为聚光透镜后光斑能量分布曲线。
图 19是采用本发明的线聚光透镜后光斑能量分布图。 图 20是采用本发明的线聚光透镜后光斑能量分布曲线
图 21是太阳电池上主栅线断开的栅线设计。
图 22是图 21的局部放大图。
图 23是本发明中格栅太阳电池片以串联方式连接的结构示意图。
图中标记： 1为线聚光玻璃面板， 2为密封材料层， 3为太阳电池， 4为背板， 6为条状 太阳电池， 7为焊带， 8为入射光线， 9为垂直中轴， 10为环形细栅线， 11为主栅线， 12为 焊带段， 13为软性胶垫， 14为保护薄膜， 15为刚性滚轮， 16为电池固定平台， 17为夹片气 爪， 18为寸动驱动机构， 19为裂片机构的夹持部， 20为裂片气缸， 21为格栅太阳电池片， 22 为格栅电池片焊接平台， 23为焊带放置槽， 24为真空吸附孔， 25为压紧机构， 26为压条， 27 为红外焊接灯， 28为方孔， 29为电池串， 30为位置感应器， 31为条状电池位置移动装置。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图， 对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实施例， 对本发 明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明， 并不用 于限定本发明。
一种线性聚光组件生产工艺， 包括以下加工步骤：
a)、 电池片分档测试， 对已经进行功率分档后的电池片依据其最大功率输出时的电流值 进行分档；
b )、 电池片切割， 采用激光或金刚石沿垂直于电池片主栅线的方向将晶体硅太阳电池进 行切割处理， 形成条状太阳电池。 所述太阳电池的切割处理分为划片和裂片， 如图 1所示， 首先采用激光或金刚石对太阳电池的背面进行划片， 在太阳电池上形成 50〜150 μ πι的深度， 划片位置为相邻环形细栅线之间， 然后利用裂片装置对太阳电池沿划片的地方进行裂片， 形 成条状太阳电池。
如图 2所示， 将所述被切割一定深度的太阳电池 3放置在软性胶垫 13上， 所述太阳电池 3具有划片切口的一面向下， 其另一面设置一层保护薄膜 14， 在所述保护薄膜 14上放置有可 滚动地刚性滚轮 15， 所述刚性滚轮 15沿与太阳电池 3划片方向垂直的方向滚动， 当刚性滚 轮碾压后， 太阳电池片由切口处断裂开来， 形成条状太阳电池。 当整个太阳电池片均裂成条 状太阳电池后， 去掉太阳电池正面的保护薄膜， 然后用条状太阳电池拾取装置将条状太阳电 池按照某一固定的间距进行摆放。 其中， 采用先从背面切割一定的深度， 然后用裂片装置进 行裂片操作， 使得电池自然从切割位置断裂开来， 最大限度地避免了激光或者是金刚石刀具 对 ΡΝ结的损伤， 从而在某种程度上保证了太阳电池的效率。 如图 3所示， 作为另一种裂片方式， 将所述被切割一定深度的太阳电池 3背面朝上放置 在电池固定平台 16上并通过负压对其进行固定和吸附， 设置在电池固定平台 16上的夹片气 爪 17对太阳电池 3—侧进行夹持， 并在寸动驱动机构 18的作用下， 推动太阳电池 3以一定 节拍向前进行寸动， 将太阳电池 3另一侧推到裂片机构的夹持部 19进行夹持， 夹持部 19在 裂片气缸 20的作用下向下动作，使太阳电池 3沿划片的地方断开，完成对太阳电池片的裂片， 裂片后的条状太阳电池 6被裂片机构的夹持部 19通过步进电机按一定的间距进行摆放。
c )、 条状太阳电池焊接， 将若干切割成条状的太阳电池按一定间距进行排列， 并用焊带 对其进行电学连接， 形成格栅太阳电池片 21， 如图 9所示。 如图 4-8所示， 所述格栅太阳电 池片的具体焊接工艺为： 首先在格栅电池片焊接平台 22上的焊带放置槽 23上放置与所焊接 条状太阳电池 6主栅线 11的数量相等的下层焊带，焊带放置槽 23处设置的真空吸附孔 24与 下层焊带对应， 所述下层焊带通过吸附固定； 然后将通过步骤 b ) 切割好的条状太阳电池 6 按某一固定间距放置在格栅电池片焊接平台 22上，下层焊带上端面与对应条状太阳电池 6正 极接触， 所述格栅电池片焊接平台 22上的真空吸附孔 24与放置的条状太阳电池 6对应， 所 述条状太阳电池 6通过吸附固定，通过吸附能够保证放置在格栅电池片焊接平台 22上的焊带 7和条状太阳电池 6不发生偏移； 其中， 所述焊带放置槽 23的深度不大于焊带 7的厚度， 焊 带置于焊带放置槽后， 焊带高度略高于格栅电池片焊接平台上端面最好， 有利于焊带与条状 太阳电池紧密贴合； 再将上层焊带放置在条状太阳电池 6对应的负极主栅线上， 上方耐高温 的压紧机构 25下行， 通过压紧机构 25的压条 26将上层焊带与条状太阳电池 6压紧， 使焊接 时上、 下层焊带与条状太阳电池紧密贴合， 从而避免虚焊和漏焊； 最后红外焊接灯 27下行， 通过压条 26上设置的方孔 28对焊带 7与条状太阳电池 6的焊接位置进行红外加热焊接， 形 成格栅太阳电池片 21。 采用上述焊接方法制作的格栅太阳电池片， 其中条状太阳电池相互之 间的连接方式为并联方式， 即正极与正极连接， 负极与负极连接。
通过格栅电池片焊接平台及压紧机构配合对焊带及条状太阳电池进行压紧， 然后利用红 外焊接灯对焊带及条状太阳电池进行焊接， 整个焊接过程实现高度的自动化， 有效解决了手 工焊接以及现有自动化焊接设备存在的问题。
d)、 格栅太阳电池片 21的串联焊接， 将若干经过步骤 c ) 形成的格栅太阳电池片 21按 一定间距排列并焊接起来， 形成电池串 29， 如图 10所示。
e )、 层叠， 依次将线聚光玻璃面板、 电池密封材料、 电池串、 电池密封材料以及背板材 料层叠起来， 通过汇流带将多个电池串进行电气连接。其中， 先将线聚光玻璃面板 1放好后， 再在线聚光玻璃面板 1上敷设一层电池密封材料，然后放电池串 29并采用定位设备将电池串 29中各条状太阳电池 6的中心与线聚光玻璃面板 1上各线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心对齐， 对位完成后， 再依次敷设一层电池密封材料以及背板材料。 如图 11所示， 所述线聚光玻璃面 板 1上线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心通过两个位置感应器 30进行识别， 所述位置感应器 30 沿着线聚光玻璃面板 1上线型聚光曲面的光学结构面作运动判断线型聚光曲面的最高点， 然 后判断出线型聚光曲面的中心线， 条状太阳电池 6通过条状电池位置移动装置 31进行前后、 左右或旋转动作， 条状电池位置移动装置 31根据位置感应器 30所识别出来的线聚光玻璃面 板 1上线型聚光曲面的中心位置， 根据偏差值作相应的动作， 对条状太阳电池 6进行位置修 正， 使其中心与线聚光玻璃面板 1上线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心对齐。
其中， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 1将接收到的太阳光线汇聚后投射到所述电池串 29上， 所述 线聚光玻璃面板 1中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度不大于所述电池 串 29中各条状太阳电池 6的宽度，或所述线聚光玻璃面板 1中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后 形成的线型聚光光线宽度不小于所述电池串 29中各条状太阳电池 6的宽度。 在本实施例中， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 1中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度与所述电池 串 29中各条状太阳电池 6的宽度一致，所述相邻两个条状太阳电池 6之间的间距与相邻线型 聚光曲面形成的线型聚光光线之间的间距一致； 所述格栅太阳电池片中各条状太阳电池上表 面接收面在同一平面上，所述电池串中各格栅太阳电池片上表面形成的接收面在同一平面上， 所述各电池串上表面形成的接收面在同一平面上。如图 12所示为用于将线聚光玻璃面板 1与 电池串 29中各条状太阳电池 6对齐的判定识别流程图。
f)、 检查及测试， 对层叠后的线聚光组件进行外观检查， 然后进行 EL测试， 最后进行后 续工序。
如图 13所示， 一种线性聚光组件， 包括线聚光玻璃面板 1、 密封材料层 2、 太阳电池 3 以及背板 4， 所述聚光面板 1的上部为线型弧形聚光曲面阵列， 所述太阳电池 3包括若干条 状太阳电池 6和焊带 7， 所述条状太阳电池 6的位置与线聚光玻璃面板 1的线型弧形聚光曲 面垂直对应， 若干条状太阳电池 6在焊带 7上焊接连接形成格栅太阳电池片， 所述线聚光玻 璃面板 1、 密封材料层 2、 太阳电池 3以及背板 4经过层压后形成线性聚光组件。
如图 14所示， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 1上端面为透镜聚光折射面， 其下端面为平整面， 所 述透镜横向延伸呈长条状， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 1能够将相互平行的入射光线折射到设置于 线聚光玻璃面板 1下方的格栅太阳电池片上从而形成线型聚光光线， 若其中任意一条入射光 线 8和所述透镜聚光折射面的接触点与该线聚光玻璃面板 1上对应透镜垂直中轴 9之间的垂 直距离为 x， 该入射光线 8经透镜折射到对应条状太阳电池 6上后形成的投影点与所述线型 聚光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距离为 m， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂直中轴 9的垂直距 离为 a， 经所述透镜聚光折射面边缘折射的入射光线在条状太阳电池 6上的投影点与所述线 型聚光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距离为 b， 则该透镜满足的条件为 x/m=a/b， 其中， 所述该 入射光线 8的入射点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘构成的垂直面与所述线型聚光光线长度方向 中心线垂直， 该垂直面上部为透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状， 所述入射光线 8经过透镜聚光折 射面时的入射角为 β， 折射角为 0， 该入射光线 8经折射后的光线与条状太阳电池 6的夹角 为 α， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘与条状太阳电池 6的垂直距离为 h， 在该垂直面中， 由垂直 中轴 9以及透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘连线构成平面坐标系， 以透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘连线 中点为坐标原点， 该垂直面上部的透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状在所述平面坐标系中的曲线方 程， 由以下公式得出：
公式 1: x/m=a/b, χ=ει_Ν*Δχ， 其中 Δχ是一个在 X轴方向上很小的距离， Ν示这个小间 距的个数；
公式 2：
Figure imgf000010_0001
β；
公式 3: tana = (h+yn) / (a_m), m=b_N*Ax*b/a;
公式 4: 8ίηβ=η*8ίηθ, 其中系数 η为透镜折射率；
公式 5: α-θ + β = π/2, 艮 0= ( α+β ) _π/2;
公式 6： sin β =n*sin[ ( a + β ) - π /2]= n*[- cos ( a + β ) ]=n* (sin a *sin β -cos a *cos β );
公式 7: tan β =n*cos a / (n*sin a -1)；
其中， a、 b、 h、 n、 Δχ为已知， 且 yQ=0， 变量 x为所述透镜聚光折射面上任意一点与 该垂直面上垂直中轴 9之间的横向距离， 变量 y为该点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘所在的平 面之间的纵向距离。
所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂直中轴 9的垂直距离 a以及经所述透镜聚光折射面边缘折 射的入射光线 8在条状太阳电池 6上的投影点与所述线型聚光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距 离 b， 其满足以下条件： l<a/b 10时， 效果最好， 这是一个优选值， 不是硬性条件。
其中， 所述透镜聚光折射面在垂直面上的轮廓形状为具有多边形的结构， 随着 Δχ取值 变小， 透镜聚光折射面的多边形边数越多， 直至构成圆滑的线型弧形聚光曲面。
例如： 当入口条件分别为： a=3， b=0.5， h=7.5， n=l.51893时； 若 Δχ=3， 可计算得到 2 个点， 坐标分别为 （3， 0) 和 (0， 3.267658), 在得到的点关于 y轴对称得到的整个曲面则 为如图 15所示的形状。
若 Δχ=1.5，可计算得到 3个点，坐标分别为 (3, 0)、 ( 1.5， 1.633829)和 ( 0， 2.245685) , 在得到的点关于 y轴对称得到的整个曲面则为如图 16所示的形状。
以此类推， 可以得到各种边形的多边形结构透镜聚光折射面， 其中， Δχ应满足的条件 为 a/ A x=M， M为任意一个整数， 当 Δ χ足够小的时候， 我们就得到了一个平滑的线型弧形聚 光曲面， 且为了得到尽可能高的透过率， 我们的 Δ χ—般都会非常小， 同时为了便于模型建 立及满足加工要求， 一般我们取 2000 < ει/ Δ Χ < 10000。
其中， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到线聚光玻璃面板 1下端平整面的垂直距离为 h， 所述 线聚光玻璃面板 1下端面与条状太阳电池 6上端面对应连接， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 1沿垂直 中轴 9对称或不对称。
采用上述结构的线聚光玻璃面板， 能够减少了电池光伏组件中， 对于光伏电池的用量， 降低了成本， 而且该线聚光玻璃面板一个反射截面， 理论透过率可达到 94%以上， 相对于菲 涅尔透镜的聚光光伏组件， 其能够使更多的光线被太阳能电池吸收， 通过该线聚光玻璃面板 汇聚的光斑能够均匀的分布在太阳能电池上， 相对于一般的聚光器， 光斑更均匀， 有效降低 了电池内部产生横向电流， 从而提高光电转换效率。
如图 17和 18所示， 为采用传统透镜作为聚光透镜后光斑能量分布图和分布曲线， 在光 斑能量分布图中光斑两侧边缘部分亮度最高， 其中部亮度较暗， 反应在光斑能量分布曲线上 则为曲线两侧峰值较高， 而中部则骤然降低。 由图 17和 18可知， 采用传统透镜作为聚光透 镜后光斑能量集中在光斑两侧边缘部分， 能量分布极不均匀。 如图 19和 20所示， 为采用本 发明的线聚光透镜后光斑能量分布图和分布曲线， 在光斑能量分布图中光斑亮度基本一致， 反应在光斑能量分布曲线上则为整个曲线基本处于相同能量水平线上， 能量分布比较均匀。
如图 21和 22所示， 所述太阳电池 3表面包括设置在太阳电池 3上且等间距分布的若干 环形细栅线 10以及与所述环形细栅线 10垂直布置的三条主栅线 1 1， 所述相邻两个环形细栅 线 10之间的间距为 0. lmm〜2mm， 每个环形细栅线 10的宽度为 lira！〜 10mm。 所述相邻两个环 形细栅线 1之间的间隙为划片位置， 所述相邻两个环形细栅线 10之间的间隙为划片位置， 所 述环形细栅线 10的宽度小于切割后条状太阳电池的宽度， 每一个环形细栅线 10对应一个条 状太阳电池， 所述环形细栅线 10均匀地分布在与其对应的条状太阳电池的边缘部分； 所述太 阳电池 3上靠近左右两侧边缘的环形细栅线 10设计相同且对称布置，其之间的环形细栅线 10 设计相同且呈矩形。
其中， 所述主栅线 11在相邻两个环形细栅线 10之间的间隙处断开， 分为若干与环形细 栅线 10匹配的独立单元。将正面或背面主栅线设计成各个断开的独立单元， 一方面利于用激 光或机械手段将整张电池片分割成所需的条状电池， 因为分割的地方没有金属银 （正面） 或 者银铝合金 （背面） 或其他用来形成正面和背面电极的材料， 从而能提高处理效率， 并能有 效防止裂开处的崩边以及其他降低电池效率的伤害。 另一方面， 这样的设计也能节约正面的 银浆和背面银铝浆的用量， 从而降低生产成本。 其中， 所述主栅线 11也可以为连续式设计。
通过线聚光电池表面上栅线的设计， 能使切割后分离得到的各个条状电池单元的表面具 有相同的分布， 环形细栅线均匀地分布在条状电池的边缘， 不仅保证了所有的条状电池的电 性能的匹配性， 而且由于细栅线分布在电池边缘， 因此在中低倍的聚光光伏应用时， 在条状 电池的中部区域受光强度较大时， 也没有栅线对入射光进行遮挡， 因此提高了光电转化的效 率。
如图 23所示， 所述格栅太阳电池片包括若干等间距排列的条状太阳电池 6， 所述条状太 阳电池 6之间通过焊带 7进行电气连接， 所述焊带 7由若干连接在相邻两个条状太阳电池 6 之间的焊带段 12组成， 所述焊带段 12—端连接在其中一个条状太阳电池 6上端， 即负极， 其另一端连接在与之相邻的另一个条状太阳电池 6下端， 即正极， 每个焊带段 12依次连接， 使若干条状太阳电池 6以串联的方式进行电气连接， 其中， 所述焊带段 12呈 Z字形。 这是一 种条状太阳电池串联的方式， 前面的步骤 c ) 中所述的焊接方法和治具是针对条状太阳电池 并联的方式。
最终所形成的格栅电池片的宽度可根据需要设定为 125mm或 156mm， 这样就可以使得格 栅电池片的外形尺寸与普通晶硅太阳电池片的外形尺寸大小一致， 从而可以直接借用普通晶 体硅组件自动化生产的设备对格栅电池片进行后续处理。 当然也可以根据具体需要， 对条状 太阳电池的数量和间距进行自由的调整
通过上述方式形成的格栅电池片可具有几伏至几十伏的电压， 从而满足某些高电压的用 电器的使用， 而且由于条状电池按某一固定的间距排布， 因此这种格栅电池片具有良好的透 光性， 可以用于光伏建筑一体化中的透光组件， 另外通过在格栅电池片上加上线型聚光的面 板也能使这种格栅电池片运用到低倍的聚光组件中， 从而同普通平板组件相比能有效减少电 池片的用量。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明的精神和原 则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

WO 2014/090036 , — ,, ■、 PCT/CN2013/085139 权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 包括以下加工步骤：
a)、 电池片分档测试， 对已经进行功率分档后的电池片依据其最大功率输出时的电流值 进行分档；
b )、 电池片切割， 采用激光或金刚石沿垂直于电池片主栅线的方向将晶体硅太阳电池进 行切割处理， 形成条状太阳电池；
c )、 条状太阳电池焊接， 将若干切割成条状的太阳电池按一定间距进行排列， 并用焊带 对其进行电学连接， 形成格栅太阳电池片；
d)、 格栅太阳电池片的串联焊接， 将若干经过步骤 c ) 形成的格栅太阳电池片按一定间 距排列并焊接起来， 形成电池串；
e )、 层叠， 依次将线聚光玻璃面板、 电池密封材料、 电池串、 电池密封材料以及背板材 料层叠起来， 通过汇流带将不同格栅状的电池串进行电气连接；
f )、 检查及测试， 对层叠后的线聚光组件进行外观检查， 然后进行 EL测试， 最后进行后 续工序。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤 b ) 中， 所 述太阳电池的切割处理分为划片和裂片， 首先采用激光或金刚石对太阳电池进行划片， 在太 阳电池上形成 50〜150 μ πι的深度， 然后利用裂片装置对太阳电池沿划片的地方进行裂片， 形 成条状太阳电池。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤 b ) 中， 采 用激光或金刚石由太阳电池的背面进行划片， 然后利用裂片装置对太阳电池沿切割的地方进 行裂开， 形成条状太阳电池。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 将所述被切割一定深度 的太阳电池放置在软性胶垫上， 所述太阳电池具有划片切口的一面向下， 其另一面设置一层 保护薄膜， 在所述保护薄膜上放置有可滚动地刚性滚轮， 所述刚性滚轮沿与太阳电池划片方 向垂直的方向滚动， 当刚性滚轮碾压后， 太阳电池片由切口处断裂开来， 形成条状太阳电池； 当整个太阳电池片均裂成条状太阳电池后， 去掉太阳电池正面的保护薄膜， 然后用条状太阳 电池拾取装置将条状太阳电池按照某一固定的间距进行摆放。
5、根据权利要求 3所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 将所述被切割一定深度 的太阳电池背面朝上放置在电池固定平台上并通过负压对其进行固定和吸附， 设置在电池固 定平台上的夹片气爪对太阳电池一侧进行夹持， 并在寸动驱动机构的作用下， 推动太阳电池 以一定节拍向前进行寸动， 将太阳电池另一侧推到裂片机构的夹持部进行夹持， 夹持部在裂 片气缸的作用下向下动作， 使太阳电池沿划片的地方断开， 完成对太阳电池片的裂片， 裂片 后的条状太阳电池被裂片机构的夹持部通过步进电机按一定的间距进行摆放。
6、根据权利要求 1至 5中任意一项所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 在所述 步骤 c ) 中， 首先在格栅电池片焊接平台上的焊带放置槽上放置与所焊接条状太阳电池主栅 线的数量相等的下层焊带， 焊带放置槽处设置的真空吸附孔与下层焊带对应， 所述下层焊带 通过吸附固定； 然后将通过步骤 b ) 切割好的条状太阳电池按某一固定间距放置在格栅电池 片焊接平台上， 下层焊带上端面与对应条状太阳电池正极接触， 所述格栅电池片焊接平台上 的真空吸附孔与放置的条状太阳电池对应， 所述条状太阳电池通过吸附固定； 再将上层焊带 放置在条状太阳电池对应的负极主栅线上， 上方耐高温的压紧机构下行， 通过压紧机构的压 条将上层焊带与条状太阳电池压紧， 使焊接时上、 下层焊带与条状太阳电池紧密贴合； 最后 红外焊接灯下行， 通过压条上设置的方孔对焊带与条状太阳电池的焊接位置进行红外加热焊 接， 形成格栅太阳电池片， 采用上述焊接方法制作的格栅太阳电池片， 其中条状太阳电池相 互之间的连接方式为并联方式， 即正极与正极连接， 负极与负极连接。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤 e ) 中， 先 将线聚光玻璃面板放好后， 再在线聚光玻璃面板上敷设一层电池密封材料， 然后放电池串并 采用定位设备将电池串中各条状太阳电池的中心与线聚光玻璃面板上各线型聚光曲面的光学 结构中心对齐， 对位完成后， 再依次敷设一层电池密封材料以及背板材料。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 所述线聚光玻璃面板上 线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心通过两个位置感应器进行识别， 所述位置感应器沿着线聚光玻 璃面板上线型聚光曲面的光学结构面作运动判断线型聚光曲面的最高点， 然后判断出线型聚 光曲面的中心线， 条状太阳电池通过条状电池位置移动装置进行前后、 左右或旋转动作， 条 状电池位置移动装置根据位置感应器所识别出来的线聚光玻璃面板上线型聚光曲面的中心位 置， 根据偏差值作相应的动作， 对条状太阳电池进行位置修正， 使其中心与线聚光玻璃面板 上线型聚光曲面的光学结构中心对齐。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 所述线聚光玻璃面板将 接收到的太阳光线汇聚后投射到所述电池串上， 所述线聚光玻璃面板中各线型聚光曲面汇聚 太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度不大于所述电池串中各条状太阳电池的宽度， 或所述线聚 光玻璃面板中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度不小于所述电池串中各 条状太阳电池的宽度。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 所述线聚光玻璃面板 中各线型聚光曲面汇聚太阳光后形成的线型聚光光线宽度与所述电池串中各条状太阳电池的 宽度一致， 所述相邻两个条状太阳电池之间的间距与相邻线型聚光曲面形成的线型聚光光线 之间的间距一致。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的线性聚光组件生产工艺， 其特征在于： 所述格栅太阳电池片 中各条状太阳电池上表面接收面在同一平面上， 所述电池串中各格栅太阳电池片上表面形成 的接收面在同一平面上， 所述各电池串上表面形成的接收面在同一平面上。
12、 一种线性聚光组件， 包括线聚光玻璃面板 （1)、 密封材料层 （2)、 太阳电池 （3) 以 及背板 （4)， 所述聚光面板 （1) 的上部为线型弧形聚光曲面阵列， 所述太阳电池 （3) 包括 若干条状太阳电池 （6) 和焊带 （7)， 所述条状太阳电池 （6) 的位置与线聚光玻璃面板 （1) 的线型弧形聚光曲面垂直对应， 若干条状太阳电池 （6) 在焊带 （7) 上焊接连接形成格栅太 阳电池片， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 （1)、 密封材料层 （2)、 太阳电池 （3) 以及背板 （4) 经过 层压后形成线性聚光组件。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述线聚光玻璃面板 （1) 上 端面为透镜聚光折射面， 其下端面为平整面， 所述透镜横向延伸呈长条状， 所述线聚光玻璃 面板 （1) 能够将相互平行的入射光线折射到设置于线聚光玻璃面板 （1) 下方的格栅太阳电 池片上从而形成线型聚光光线， 若其中任意一条入射光线（8)和所述透镜聚光折射面的接触 点与该线聚光玻璃面板（1)上对应透镜垂直中轴 （9)之间的垂直距离为 x， 该入射光线（8) 经透镜折射到对应条状太阳电池（6)上后形成的投影点与所述线型聚光光线长度方向中心线 的垂直距离为 m， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂直中轴 （9) 的垂直距离为 a， 经所述透镜聚 光折射面边缘折射的入射光线在条状太阳电池（6)上的投影点与所述线型聚光光线长度方向 中心线的垂直距离为 b， 则该透镜满足的条件为 x/m=a/b， 其中， 所述该入射光线 （8) 的入 射点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘构成的垂直面与所述线型聚光光线长度方向中心线垂直， 该 垂直面上部为透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状， 所述入射光线（8)经过透镜聚光折射面时的入射 角为 β， 折射角为 0， 该入射光线 （8) 经折射后的光线与条状太阳电池 （6) 的夹角为 α， 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘与条状太阳电池 （6) 的垂直距离为 h， 在该垂直面中， 由垂直中轴
(9) 以及透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘连线构成平面坐标系， 以透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘连线中 点为坐标原点，该垂直面上部的透镜聚光折射面的轮廓形状在所述平面坐标系中的曲线方程， 由以下公式得出：
公式 1: x/m=a/b, χ=ει_Ν*Δχ， 其中 Δχ是一个在 X轴方向上很小的距离， Ν示这个小间 距的个数；
公式 2：
Figure imgf000015_0001
β；
公式 3: tana = (h+yn) / (a_m), m=b_N*Ax*b/a;
公式 4: 8ίηβ=η*8ίηθ, 其中系数 η为透镜折射率； 公式 5: α-θ + β = π/2, 艮 0= ( α+β ) _π/2;
公式 6 sin β =n*sin[ ( α + β ) - π /2]= η*[- cos ( α + β ) ]=η* (sin α *sin β -cos α *cos β );
公式 7: tan β =n*cos α / (n*sin α -1)；
其中， a b h n Δχ为已知， 且 yQ=0， 变量 x为所述透镜聚光折射面上任意一点与 该垂直面上垂直中轴（9)之间的横向距离， 变量 y为该点与透镜聚光折射面两侧边缘所在的 平面之间的纵向距离。
14、根据权利要求 13所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述透镜聚光折射面在垂直面 上的轮廓形状为具有多边形的结构， 随着 Δχ取值变小， 透镜聚光折射面的多边形边数越多， 直至构成圆滑的线型弧形聚光曲面， 其中， Δχ应满足的条件为
Figure imgf000016_0001
Μ为任意一个整数， 2000 <a/Ax< 10000
15、根据权利要求 14所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到垂 直中轴 （9) 的垂直距离 a以及经所述透镜聚光折射面边缘折射的入射光线 （8) 在条状太阳 电池 （6) 上的投影点与所述线型聚光光线长度方向中心线的垂直距离 b， 其满足以下条件：1 <a/b 10
16、根据权利要求 15所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述透镜聚光折射面边缘到线 聚光玻璃面板 （1) 下端平整面的垂直距离为 h， 所述线聚光玻璃面板 （1) 下端面与条状太 阳电池 （6) 上端面对应连接。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述线聚光玻璃面板 （1) 沿 垂直中轴 （9) 对称或不对称。
18、 根据权利要求 12所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述太阳电池 （3) 表面包括 设置在太阳电池 （3) 上且等间距分布的若干环形细栅线 （10) 以及与所述环形细栅线 （10) 垂直布置的至少两条主栅线（11)，所述相邻两个环形细栅线（10)之间的间距为 0.1 2 每个环形细栅线 （10) 的宽度为 1 10
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述主栅线 （11)在相邻两个 环形细栅线 （10) 之间的间隙处断开， 分为若干与环形细栅线 （10) 匹配的独立单元。
20、 根据权利要求 18或 19所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述相邻两个环形细栅 线 （10) 之间的间隙为划片位置， 所述环形细栅线 （10) 的宽度小于切割后条状太阳电池的 宽度， 每一个环形细栅线 （10) 对应一个条状太阳电池， 所述环形细栅线 （10) 均匀地分布 在与其对应的条状太阳电池的边缘部分。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述太阳电池 （3) 上靠近左 右两侧边缘的环形细栅线 （10) 设计相同且对称布置， 其之间的环形细栅线 （10) 设计相同 且呈矩形。
22、根据权利要求 12所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述格栅太阳电池片包括若干 等间距排列的条状太阳电池 （6)， 所述条状太阳电池 （6)之间通过焊带 （7)进行电气连接， 所述焊带 （7) 由若干连接在相邻两个条状太阳电池 （6) 之间的焊带段 （12) 组成， 所述焊 带段（12)—端连接在其中一个条状太阳电池 （6)上端， 其另一端连接在与之相邻的另一个 条状太阳电池 （6) 下端， 每个焊带段 （12) 依次连接， 使若干条状太阳电池 （6) 以串联的 方式进行电气连接。
23、 根据权利要求 22所述的线性聚光组件， 其特征在于： 所述焊带段 （12) 呈 Z字形。
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