WO2014083755A1

WO2014083755A1 - Water treatment device

Info

Publication number: WO2014083755A1
Application number: PCT/JP2013/006261
Authority: WO
Inventors: 喜典田中; 泰士山本; 亮子金永
Original assignee: パナソニック株式会社
Priority date: 2012-11-30
Filing date: 2013-10-23
Publication date: 2014-06-05
Also published as: JP2014108377A

Abstract

A water treatment device (1) comprising an electrolytic cell (2) which has a plurality of electrodes that include at least a pair of a positive electrode (26) and a negative electrode (25) arranged so as to be separated by a separator (27). By applying electric potential between the electrodes (25, 26), said device reforms water that passes through the interior of the electrolytic cell (2). Furthermore, the water treatment device (1) comprises a regulation unit (6) that regulates the applied electric potential value applied between the electrodes. The regulation unit (6) regulates a current value by controlling the applied electric potential value, and by measuring the current value when a voltage, which is prescribed in advance, is applied, predicts the current or the electric potential to be applied for implementing the desired reform.

Description

Water treatment equipment

The present invention relates to a water treatment device.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, what was made to make a to-be-processed water flow in into the electrolytic vessel which has an electrode which can form an electric double layer as a water treatment apparatus is known (for example, refer patent document 1).

In this patent document 1, by applying a voltage to an electrode capable of forming an electric double layer, dissolved components such as ions in the water are aligned and adhered at the interface between the treated water and the electrode, reducing the dissolved components in the treated water I am trying to

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-091169

However, in Patent Document 1 described above, the removal of the dissolved component in the water to be treated is described, but the control technique or the like for achieving the desired amount of dissolution is not defined at all.

Then, an object of this invention is to obtain the water treatment apparatus which can control the density | concentration of a dissolved material to a desired value.

In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the water treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises an electrolytic cell having a plurality of electrodes including at least a pair of anodes and cathodes spaced apart by a separator, and applies an electric potential between the electrodes Thus, the water passed into the electrolytic cell is reformed.

And the control part which controls the application electric potential value applied between the said electrodes is provided, The said control part is controlling the electric current value by controlling the said application electric potential value, and when a predetermined voltage is applied beforehand By measuring the current value, the potential or current to be applied to perform the desired modification is predicted.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a water treatment apparatus capable of controlling the concentration of the dissolved substance to a desired value.

It is a figure which shows typically the water treatment apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the electrode concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of an applied potential and a removal rate typically, Comprising: (a) is a graph which shows the relationship between applied potential and time, (b) is a graph which shows the relationship between a removal rate and time. is there. It is a figure which shows typically the water treatment apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the water treatment apparatus concerning 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the water treatment apparatus concerning 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the water treatment apparatus concerning 5th Embodiment of this invention.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a water treatment apparatus comprises an electrolytic cell having a plurality of electrodes including at least a pair of anodes and cathodes spaced apart by a separator, and applying an electric potential between the electrodes. It is designed to reform the water passed through.

And the said water treatment apparatus is provided with the control part which controls the application electric potential value applied between the said electrodes, The said control part is controlling the electric current value by controlling the said application electric potential value, and it is predetermined beforehand. By measuring the current value when a voltage is applied, the potential or current to be applied to perform desired modification is predicted.

This makes it possible to control the amount of dissolved material such as ions attracted to the electrode interface while flowing between the electrodes in the electrolytic cell. That is, it is possible to control the amount of the dissolved substance removed from the flowing water in the electrolytic cell, and to control the amount of the dissolved substance contained in the water discharged from the electrolytic cell.

Therefore, a water treatment apparatus capable of controlling the concentration of the dissolved substance to a desired value can be obtained.

In the second invention, in particular, the control unit of the first invention applies in advance one or more types of potentials, measures the current flowing at that time, measures the modification amount at this time as a unit reforming rate, and measures the current value The value of the applied potential is controlled based on the ratio between the desired reforming rate and the unit reforming rate as a current value.

This makes it possible to more easily control the amount of dissolved substance contained in the water discharged from the electrolytic cell.

According to a third invention, in particular, the control unit according to the first invention controls the applied potential or current by measuring at least the water quality after reforming before and after the reforming.

As a result, potential and current can be feedback-controlled, and the degree of reforming can be more reliably controlled.

According to a fourth invention, in particular, the control unit according to any one of the first to third inventions adheres to the electrode surface by controlling a potential applied to each electrode using a plurality of the electrodes. It is what changes the adhesion amount of a kimono.

This makes it possible to more efficiently adsorb and remove dissolved substances such as ions on the electrode surface, and more efficiently release and concentrate it at the time of normal water treatment.

According to a fifth invention, in particular, the control unit of the fourth invention is to reduce the amount of the deposit on the electrode.

This makes it possible to more efficiently adsorb and remove dissolved substances such as ions on the electrode surface during normal water treatment.

According to a sixth invention, in particular, the control unit of the fourth invention is to increase the adhesion amount of the deposit to the electrode.

This makes it possible to more efficiently release and concentrate dissolved substances such as ions during normal water treatment.

In the seventh invention, in particular, the control unit of the sixth invention passes water in which a desired component is dissolved in advance to the electrolytic unit, and controls the potential applied to each electrode using a plurality of the electrodes. Thus, the amount of the attached matter attached to the electrode surface is increased.

This makes it possible to increase the concentration of components not contained in the water to be treated. Moreover, since it becomes possible to extract only a desired component and add to treated water, the ion concentration can be more efficiently increased without adding unnecessary water.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiment.

Moreover, the same component is contained in the following several embodiment and its modification. Therefore, in the following, those similar components are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations are omitted.

First Embodiment
The water treatment apparatus 1 concerning this embodiment is comprised by accommodating the electrolytic vessel 2, the purification part 3, the water storage tank 8, and various piping in the case 1a.

Then, raw water suitable for drinking such as tap water and well water is introduced into the electrolytic cell 2 through the raw water introduction pipe (raw water supply path) 11.

The raw water introduction pipe 11 is connected to a water switching device 5 attached to a faucet 4 as a raw water supply unit. And in this embodiment, by operating the lever 5a of the water switching device 5, the tap water as raw water which flows out from the faucet 4 is taken in in the water treatment apparatus 1, and raw water is processed.

In addition, the raw water which the water treatment apparatus 1 processes is not restricted to a tap water, For example, well water, reservoir water, etc. may be sufficient.

In the present embodiment, the raw water taken into the raw water introduction pipe 11 from the faucet 4 firstly flows into the purification unit 3.

The purification unit 3 uses a water purification cartridge in which the activated carbon storage unit 3a is disposed in the front stage (upstream side) and the hollow fiber membrane storage unit 3b is disposed in the rear stage (downstream side).

Then, in the activated carbon storage unit 3a, a process for removing residual chlorine and trihalomethane contained in the raw water is performed, and in the hollow fiber membrane storage unit 3b, removal of fine solid impurities which can not be captured by the activated carbon storage unit 3a A process of removing activated carbon particles leaked from the storage 3a is performed.

And the water filtered and passed through the purification section 3 flows out to the first water distribution pipe 12 connected to the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane storage section 3 b and is connected to the downstream side of the first water distribution pipe 12 Is introduced into the electrolytic cell 2.

The electrolytic cell 2 includes a housing 2a, and in the housing 2a, a diaphragm 27 serving as a separator, and at least a pair of anode plates (anode: electrode) 25 and a cathode plate An electrolytic unit 2 b formed of the cathode: electrode 26 is accommodated.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the electrolytic unit 2 b is provided with a plate-like anode plate 25 on one side (left side in FIG. 2) of the plate-like separator 27, and the other side of the separator 27. By providing the plate-like cathode plate 26 on the right side (FIG. 2), it is formed in a substantially plate shape.

Although FIG. 1 shows the case where a gap is formed between the housing 2a and the electrolytic unit 2b for the sake of convenience, no gap is actually provided and the water introduced into the suction port 20 is After passing through the electrolytic unit 2 b, the fluid flows out from the discharge port 21. The same applies to FIGS. 4 to 7 described later.

In this embodiment, activated carbon electrodes are used as the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26, and a thin film made of polyester and formed in a cross mesh shape is used as the diaphragm 27. And the electrolysis part 2b is formed in 14 cm in height, 10 cm in width, and 0.1 mm in thickness thin plate shape as a whole.

In addition, the said size and shape of the electrolysis part 2b are only an example, and it is also possible to set it as another size and shape. Although only one diaphragm 27 and a pair of anode plates 25 and cathode plates 26 are shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of diaphragms 27 are provided, and the anode plate 25, diaphragm 27, cathode plate 26, diaphragm 27 and anode plate are provided. It may be arranged to be 25.

The water introduced into the suction port 20 of the electrolytic cell 2 passes through a flow path formed between the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 and flows out from the discharge port 21. At this time, the

electric cords

30 and 31 are connected to the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26, and the

electric cords

30 and 31 are electrically connected to the control unit 6.

Further, electricity is supplied to the control unit 6 from a power supply unit (not shown). Then, a positive potential is applied from the control unit 6 to the anode plate 25 and a negative potential is applied to the cathode plate 26 to align and adhere water (water to be treated) and dissolved components such as ions in water at the electrode interface. Let

Thereby, the dissolved component contained in the water introduced into the electrolytic cell 2 adheres to the electrode interface of both the

electrode plates

25 and 26, and is removed. That is, in the present embodiment, by applying a potential between the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 (between the electrodes), the water passed through the inside of the electrolytic unit 2 b is reformed.

In addition, as a dissolution component attached to the anode plate 25 side, for example, an anion component such as a chloride ion, a sulfate ion, a nitrate ion, and a nitrite ion, and an anionic interface having a carboxylic acid and a sulfonic acid structure as a hydrophilic group. There are activators etc.

Further, as a dissolution component attached to the cathode plate 26 side, for example, a cation component such as sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion, metal ion, etc., an anion having an amine salt and a quaternary ammonium salt structure as a hydrophilic group. There is a surfactant of the system.

Thus, the water from which the dissolved component has been removed by the electrolysis (reformed water) flows out from the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic tank 2 to the second water distribution pipe 13, and the three-way valve 7, the third water distribution pipe It passes 14 and is stored in the reservoir tank 8.

Then, the water stored in the water storage tank 8 passes through the fourth water distribution pipe 16, the water discharge pump 9, and the fifth water distribution pipe 17, and is taken out from the discharge port 10a of the water discharge pipe 10 drawn to the outside of the case 1a. Be

In addition to the second water distribution pipe 13 and the third water distribution pipe 14, a drainage pipe 15 is connected to the three-way valve 7 disposed on the upstream side of the water storage tank 8.

The drainage pipe 15 is used at the time of maintenance of the electrolytic cell 2. The anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 of the electrolytic cell 2 gradually reach a saturated state as the dissolved component continues to be attached, and the dissolved component is not removed. In such a case, for example, the potential applied to the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 is disconnected, and water is allowed to flow into the electrolytic cell 2 in the disconnected state.

Thereby, the water which has been passed through takes in the dissolved components adhering to the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 and flows out to the second water distribution pipe 13 and switches the three-way valve 7 to pass the drainage pipe 15 for drainage. It can be discharged out of the system of the water treatment apparatus 1 from the port 18.

Here, in the present embodiment, the controller 6 can control the concentration of the dissolved substance to be a desired value.

Specifically, the control unit 6 controls the value of the applied potential applied between the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 (between the electrodes).

By the way, the potentials applied to the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 are usually applied so that the potentials become substantially constant, as represented by the potential-time plot (a) of FIG. 3 (a). . In this case, since the electrode surface is clean at the initial stage of application, dissolved substances such as ions are sufficiently adsorbed, and the removal rate is high as shown by the removal rate-time plot (a) in FIG. 3 (b). It has become.

However, after the passage of time, the removal rate gradually decreases because the electrode surface is covered with the adsorbing material.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, instead of making the applied voltage constant, as shown in the potential-time plot (b) of FIG. 3A, the potential is initially set to a low potential, and the potential is increased with time. I did it.

By doing this, as shown in the removal rate-time plot (b) of FIG. 3B, the removal rate at the initial application stage is not so high, but after time passes, the potential becomes higher than that at the initial application stage. Since the potential is raised to the lower side, it is possible to suppress the removal rate from falling.

Therefore, as shown by the removal rate-time plot (b) of FIG. 3B, the removal rate can be made substantially constant until a predetermined elapsed time. However, as shown in the removal rate-time plot (b) of FIG. 3B, when the predetermined time or more elapses, the removal rate decreases because the dissolved substance can hardly be removed. .

As described above, the control unit 6 controls the applied potential value applied between the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 (between the electrodes) to control the applied potential value to achieve the desired water quality. Will be able to As a result, it becomes possible to freely control the amount and type of dissolved components, and it is possible to obtain a constant water quality throughout the period of use.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 6 controls the current value by controlling the applied potential value. That is, when applying and controlling a potential, the applied potential is controlled based on the value of the flowing current.

By the way, when controlling the electric potential to apply, the difference in the water quality | type of the water to be processed influences large. Then, as described above, by raising the applied potential as the usage time passes, the control is performed only by the control to compensate that the dissolved component adheres to the electrode and the removal rate decreases. It is difficult to cope with the difference in water quality.

That is, when the concentration of dissolved substances such as ions is high, the electrode surface may overflow with the adsorbed substance at a stage earlier than the predicted use time, and in such a case, it is determined in advance. A control scheme that raises the potential after a lapse of time is not very useful.

On the other hand, when the concentration of dissolved substances such as ions is low, there is still room for adsorption on the electrode surface even after the predicted use time, but even in such a case, after a predetermined time has elapsed The applied potential rises, the removal rate rises, and the water quality changes.

As described above, even if the concentration of dissolved substances such as ions is high or low, only by increasing the applied potential as the usage time passes, constant water quality can be obtained throughout the usage period. It can not be obtained more reliably.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the application potential can be controlled by the control unit 6 so that the current flowing when the potential is applied has a predetermined value.

Since the amount of dissolved substance to be removed is proportional to the current flowing to the electrode, if the applied potential is controlled so that the value of the current flowing to the electrode becomes substantially constant, the modification of the water to be treated by electrolytic unit 2b The quality level can be a desired value.

As described above, by controlling the applied potential so that the value of the current flowing to the electrode is substantially constant, the degree of reforming the water to be treated by the electrolytic unit 2b can be set to a desired value regardless of the water quality difference of the water to be treated. It is possible to As a result, it is possible to further stabilize the discharged water quality.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the control unit 6 predicts the potential or current to be applied to perform desired modification by measuring the current value when the predetermined voltage is applied in advance.

That is, by measuring the current value when a predetermined voltage is applied in advance, the amount to be removed or concentrated and the current or potential for controlling the type of the dissolved component are predicted. Note that predicting the current or potential means creating a calibration curve in advance and predicting the current or potential from the comparison with the calibration curve.

Specifically, one or more types of potentials are applied in advance, the current flowing at that time is measured, and the removal amount (reforming amount) at this time is a unit removal rate (unit reforming rate), and the current value is a unit current value. Do.

Then, when the user seeks water treatment with a removal rate that is higher than the unit removal rate, or when it asks for water treatment with a removal rate that is decreased from the unit removal rate, the desired removal rate (reforming rate) and unit removal The potential is controlled so that the ratio of the current value to the unit current value controlled based on the ratio to the ratio (unit reforming ratio) becomes constant.

And when the desired removal rate is selected at the time of use of the water treatment apparatus 1, the desired one is selected from the removal rate stored in the unit removal rate (the removal rate at the current value at the potential applied beforehand). Calculate the current and potential so that the removal rate of Then, the removal rate desired by the user can be achieved by controlling the applied current so as to obtain the calculated current and potential.

For example, in order for the removal rate to be half the unit removal rate, the potential may be controlled such that the current flowing is half the unit current value.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the water treatment apparatus 1 includes the control unit 6 that controls the applied potential value applied between the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 (between the electrodes).

The control unit 6 controls the current value by controlling the applied potential value, and applies the voltage to perform desired modification by measuring the current value when a predetermined voltage is applied in advance. It is designed to predict potential or current.

As described above, by controlling the potential applied to the anode plate 25 and the cathode plate 26 (electrodes), the amount of dissolved substances such as ions attracted to the electrode interface while flowing between the electrodes in the electrolytic cell 2 is controlled. can do.

That is, it is possible to control the amount of the dissolved substance to be removed from the flowing water in the electrolytic cell 2 and to control the amount of the dissolved substance contained in the water discharged from the electrolytic cell 2.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the water treatment device 1 capable of controlling the concentration of the dissolved substance to a desired value.

In the above embodiment, by applying a potential between the electrodes, a dissolved component contained in water flowing between the electrodes and between the surface of the electrode or the separator and the inside of the electrode is attracted from the water to the electrode surface to charge the electrode surface Or what is made to remove the dissolved component contained in water (modification of water) by making it coordinate or attach in the vicinity is shown.

However, after the dissolved components contained in the water are coordinated or attached, the water to be treated is allowed to flow through the water, and the potential is shorted or cut, or is applied to the water to be treated by applying a reverse potential and concentrated ( It is also possible to make water reformate.

Note that control for raising the potential with time, control for applying the applied potential so that the current flowing when the potential is applied has a predetermined value, and measuring a current value when a predetermined voltage is applied in advance The control for predicting the potential or current to be applied to perform the desired modification may be configured to be able to be performed independently of each other.

Second Embodiment
The water treatment apparatus 1A according to this embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

That is, even in the present embodiment, the water treatment apparatus 1A is configured by housing the electrolytic cell 2, the purification unit 3, the water storage tank 8, and various pipes in the case 1a.

The control unit 6 can control the concentration of the dissolved substance to be a desired value.

Here, the point that the water treatment apparatus 1A according to the present embodiment is mainly different from the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is that the water quality before and after treatment (before and after being reformed by the electrolytic cell 2) It is in the point which controls the electric potential or electric current to apply by measuring.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4,

conductivity meters

40 and 41 are provided at the front stage (upstream side) of the suction port 20 and the rear stage (downstream side) of the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic cell 2 respectively. Then, the water quality of the water flowing into the electrolytic cell 2 is measured by the conductivity meter 40. Then, the water quality measured at this time is taken as the water quality characteristic before the electrolytic treatment.

In addition, the water quality after the electrolytic treatment is measured by the conductivity meter 41 at the subsequent stage (downstream side) of the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic cell 2. And the water quality measured at this time is taken as the water quality characteristic after electrolytic treatment.

Then, the water quality characteristics before and after the electrolytic treatment are compared, and, for example, a value representing the decrease in conductivity expressed as a percentage of the conductivity of the water to be treated is a removal rate, and the removal rate is a value desired by the user. The value of the applied potential is controlled so that the conductivity of the water after treatment becomes constant.

For example, when the desired removal rate at the time of use is selected, first, calculation is performed with the conductivity before the electrolytic treatment and the desired removal rate, the appropriate conductivity is derived, and the solution flows out of the electrolytic cell 2 after treatment The current and potential are controlled so that the later conductivity has a selected value.

Thereafter, the water quality characteristics before and after the electrolytic treatment are compared, and the potential of the applied voltage is set so that the removal rate becomes a value desired by the user, that is, the conductivity of the treated water becomes constant. Control the value.

Thus, the water treatment efficiency can be constantly monitored by measuring and comparing the water quality before and after the treatment. Then, by feedback control of the voltage and current, it is possible to control the degree of reforming (the amount of removal or concentration, and the amount and type of dissolved components).

In the present embodiment, a conductivity meter is illustrated as a water quality meter provided in front of the suction port 20 and after the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic cell 2.

However, not only the conductivity meter, but also a current / potential measuring device such as a TDS meter or pH meter, or alkaline ionized water, acid water, hydrogen water, ozone water generating apparatus using conductive electrodes, etc. for functional water generation It is also possible to use a water quality measurement device utilizing an electrolytic cell.

Further, in the present embodiment, the water quality on the upstream side of the suction port 20 and the water quality on the downstream side of the discharge port 21 are measured. However, for example, when the water quality of the water to be treated is constant, the water quality measuring device may be provided only on the downstream side of the discharge port 21.

In this case, the water quality without electrolytic treatment is measured on the downstream side of the discharge port 21 to be a substitute value of the water quality measurement value before the electrolytic treatment, and when the electrolytic treatment is actually performed, the water quality after the electrolytic treatment Only the measured value is controlled by the applied potential. Also in this case, the removal rate of the dissolved component can be controlled to be substantially constant.

According to the above-described embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be achieved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the water treatment efficiency can be constantly monitored by measuring and comparing the water quality before and after the treatment. Therefore, the voltage and current can be feedback-controlled, and the degree of reforming (the amount to be removed or concentrated, and the amount and type of dissolved components) can be more reliably controlled.

Third Embodiment
The water treatment apparatus 1B according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

That is, even in the present embodiment, the water treatment apparatus 1B is configured by housing the electrolytic cell 2, the purification unit 3, the water storage tank 8, and various pipes in the case 1a.

Here, the point that the water treatment apparatus 1B according to the present embodiment is mainly different from the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is that the electric potential applied in advance to the electrodes before water treatment using a plurality of electrodes Control to reduce (change) the amount of adhesion on the electrode surface.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a third electrode 42 is provided in the electrolytic cell 2 in addition to the positive and

negative plates

25 and 26.

Then, before or after the water treatment, or in the middle of the water treatment, the third electrode 42 and the anode plate 25 or the third electrode 42 and the cathode plate 26 or the third electrode 42 and the positive electrode A potential can be applied to both of the

cathode plates

25 and 26.

The potential applied at this time is such that the anode plate 25 is at zero potential or negative potential, and the cathode plate 26 is at zero potential or positive potential. That is, unlike the potential applied at the time of water treatment, the potential is applied so as to be zero or the opposite potential, respectively.

Thus, by applying a potential, for example, when a zero potential is applied, the potential difference between water and the surface of the electrode disappears, and a dissolved substance such as ions is not attracted to the surface of the electrode and adheres to the electrode. Substances are easily detached from the electrode surface.

In addition, when opposite potentials are applied, the potential difference between the water and the electrode surface is opposite to the potential during water treatment, and ions already attached to the electrode surface cause repulsion with the electrode potential. It becomes easy to peel off.

As described above, by appropriately controlling the potential applied to each electrode, it is possible to reduce the adhesion amount of the adhesion substance adhering to the electrode surface.

If a potential different from the potential at the time of water treatment is applied to the electrode before the water treatment, after the water treatment, or during the water treatment, the three-way valve 7 is applied. It is preferable to allow the drainage pipe 15 to pass through and switch the drainage port 18 out of the system of the water treatment apparatus 1.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the potential applied to the electrodes is controlled in advance before the water treatment by using the plurality of

electrodes

25, 26, 42, and the adhesion amount on the electrode surface is reduced. That is, the deposit on the electrode surface can be removed.

Thus, by removing the deposit on the surface of the electrode, it becomes possible to more efficiently adsorb and remove dissolved substances such as ions on the surface of the electrode at the time of ordinary water treatment.

In the present embodiment, although the third electrode 42 is provided, the third electrode 42 is not provided, and the positive and

negative electrode plates

25 and 26 are used to apply the potential on the opposite side to each other. The amount of adhesion on the electrode surface may be reduced by

Fourth Embodiment
The water treatment apparatus 1C according to this embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

That is, even in the present embodiment, the water treatment apparatus 1C is configured by housing the electrolytic cell 2, the purification unit 3, the water storage tank 8, and various pipes in the case 1a.

Here, the point that the water treatment apparatus 1C according to the present embodiment is mainly different from the water treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is that the potential applied in advance to the electrodes before water treatment using a plurality of electrodes Control to increase (change) the amount of adhesion on the electrode surface.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a third electrode 42 is provided in the electrolytic cell 2 in addition to the positive and

negative plates

25 and 26.

Then, after the water treatment or between the water treatment and the water treatment, the third electrode 42 and the anode plate 25, or the third electrode 42 and the cathode plate 26, or the third electrode 42 and the cathode / cathode plate 25, It is made possible to apply an electric potential to both of them.

At this time, when a potential is applied so that the anode plate 25 has a positive potential and the cathode plate 26 has a negative potential, for example, the anode plate 25 to which the positive potential is applied has a dissolved material such as anions on the surface of the anode plate 25. It is attracted to and adheres to. Further, a dissolved substance such as a cation is attracted to the surface of the cathode plate 26 and adheres to the cathode plate 26 to which the negative potential is applied.

As described above, by applying a potential such that the anode plate 25 has a positive potential and the cathode plate 26 has a negative potential, dissolved substances such as ions can be attached to the electrode surface before water treatment.

Here, the operation of the water treatment apparatus 1C according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, after the water treatment, or between the water treatment and the water treatment, by operating the lever 5a of the water switching device 5 attached to the faucet 4, the tap water as the raw water flowing out from the faucet 4 is treated with the water treatment device Capture in 1. At this time, tap water is introduced into the water treatment apparatus 1C through the raw water introduction pipe 11.

Then, the raw water introduced into the water treatment device 1C flows into the purification unit 3. Then, treatment to remove residual chlorine and trihalomethane contained in the raw water is performed in the activated carbon storage unit 3a, removal of fine solid impurities that can not be captured by the activated carbon storage unit 3a in the hollow fiber membrane storage unit 3b, or activated carbon A process of removing activated carbon particles leaked from the storage 3a is performed.

Thereafter, the water filtered through the purification unit 3 flows out to the first water distribution pipe 12 connected to the downstream side of the hollow fiber membrane storage 3b, and is connected to the downstream side of the first water distribution pipe 12 Is introduced into the electrolytic cell 2.

At this time, an electric potential is applied to both the third electrode 42 and the anode plate 25, or the third electrode 42 and the cathode plate 26, or both the third electrode 42 and the positive and

negative plates

25 and 26. Specifically, a potential is applied such that the anode plate 25 is at a positive potential and the cathode plate 26 is at a negative potential.

Here, when a potential is applied so that the anode plate 25 has a positive potential and the cathode plate 26 has a negative potential, a dissolved material such as anions is attracted to the surface of the anode plate 25 on the anode plate 25 to which the positive potential is applied. Be attached. Further, a dissolved substance such as a cation is attracted to the surface of the cathode plate 26 and adheres to the cathode plate 26 to which the negative potential is applied.

Then, the water discharged from the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic tank 2 flows out to the second water distribution pipe 13, is switched by the three-way valve 7, passes through the drainage pipe 15, and the water outlet 18 of the water treatment apparatus 1 It is discharged out of the system (see the solid arrow in FIG. 6).

On the other hand, at the time of normal water treatment, a potential is applied to both the third electrode 42 and the anode plate 25, or the third electrode 42 and the cathode plate 25, or the positive /

negative plates

25 and 26. Specifically, the anode plate 25 is set to a zero potential or a negative potential, and a potential is applied such that the cathode plate 26 is set to a zero potential or a positive potential.

Thus, a dissolved substance such as ions attached to the electrode surface is released into the water to be treated, and the concentration of the dissolved substance such as ions in the water to be treated is concentrated.

Then, the water to be treated (concentrated water) discharged from the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic tank 2 flows out to the second water distribution pipe 13, passes through the three-way valve 7 and the third water distribution pipe 14, and is stored in the water storage tank 8. It is stored (see the wavy arrow in FIG. 6).

In this way, it is possible to concentrate the concentration of dissolved substances such as ions in the water to be treated.

In the present embodiment, although the third electrode 42 is provided in the present embodiment, the third electrode 42 is not provided, and the positive and

negative electrode plates

25 and 26 are used as respective counter electrodes. Thus, a dissolved substance such as ions may be attached to the electrode surface.

In addition, by using the third electrode 42 and releasing the attached substance from only the cathode plate 26 or only the anode plate 25, the concentration of either anion or cation may be increased. It is possible.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the potential applied to the electrodes is controlled in advance before water treatment using the plurality of

electrodes

25, 26, 42 to increase the adhesion amount on the electrode surface. That is, the deposit can be attached to the surface of the electrode.

As described above, by adhering the deposit to the electrode surface, it becomes possible to more efficiently release and concentrate dissolved substances such as ions during normal water treatment.

Fifth Embodiment
The water treatment apparatus 1D according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the fourth embodiment.

That is, even in the present embodiment, the water treatment apparatus 1D is configured by housing the electrolytic cell 2, the purification unit 3, the water storage tank 8, and various pipes in the case 1a.

Further, in the electrolytic cell 2, a third electrode 42 is provided in addition to the positive and

negative plates

25 and 26. Then, using the plurality of

electrodes

25, 26, 42, the potential applied to the electrodes is controlled in advance before water treatment to increase the amount of adhesion on the electrode surface.

Here, the point that the water treatment apparatus 1D according to the present embodiment is mainly different from the water treatment apparatus 1C according to the fourth embodiment is that the water having the desired dissolved component dissolved in advance in the electrolytic cell 2 is passed through And the adhesion amount of the electrode surface is increased.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, a third electrode 42 is provided in the electrolytic cell 2 in addition to the positive and

negative plates

25 and 26. Further, a concentrated solution tank 50 is accommodated in the case 1 a, and the concentrated solution 51 is stored in the concentrated solution tank 50.

Further, one end of a concentrated water supply pipeline 53 is connected to the concentrated solution tank 50, and the other end of the concentrated water supply pipeline 53 is connected to the inlet 54 of the electrolytic cell 2. In addition, a pump 52 is provided in the middle of the concentrated water supply pipeline 53.

Here, the operation of the water treatment apparatus 1D according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, after the water treatment or by driving the pump 52 between the water treatment and the water treatment, the concentrated liquid 51 in the concentrated liquid tank 50 passes through the concentrated water supply pipe 53 and the inlet of the electrolytic cell 2 It is introduced into the electrolytic cell 2 from 54.

negative plates

Then, the concentrated solution 51 discharged from the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic cell 2 flows out to the second water distribution pipe 13, is switched by the three-way valve 7, passes through the drainage pipe 15, and the water treatment device from the drainage port 18 It is discharged out of system 1 (see the solid arrow in FIG. 7).

negative plates

The treated water discharged from the discharge port 21 of the electrolytic tank 2 flows out to the second water distribution pipe 13, passes through the three-way valve 7 and the third water distribution pipe 14, and is stored in the water storage tank 8 ( See the dashed arrows in FIG. 7).

In this way, it is possible to concentrate the concentration of the desired dissolved substance such as ions in the water to be treated.

In the present embodiment, although the third electrode 42 is provided, the third electrode 42 is not provided, and the electrode surfaces can be obtained by using the positive and

negative electrode plates

25 and 26 as respective counter electrodes. A dissolved substance such as ions may be attached to the

According to the above-described embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the fourth embodiment can be achieved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, by flowing water through the concentrated solution 51 in which a desired dissolved component is dissolved, dissolved components such as ions from the concentrated solution 51 are adsorbed to the electrode. Then, the desired dissolved component adsorbed to the electrode is released into the water to be treated.

Therefore, it is also possible to increase the concentration of ions not contained in the water to be treated. In addition, only ions can be extracted from the concentrated solution 51 and added to the water to be treated, so that the ion concentration can be more efficiently increased without adding unnecessary water.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible.

For example, the specifications (shape, size, layout, etc.) of the electrolytic cell, the purifier, and other details can be appropriately changed.

Claims

A water treatment apparatus comprising: an electrolytic cell having a plurality of electrodes including at least a pair of anodes and cathodes spaced apart by a separator, and applying electric potential between the electrodes to reform water passed through the electrolytic cell And
A controller configured to control an applied potential value applied between the electrodes;
The control unit
The current value is controlled by controlling the applied potential value,
What is claimed is: 1. A water treatment apparatus characterized in that a potential or a current to be applied to perform desired modification is predicted by measuring a current value when a predetermined voltage is applied in advance.
The control unit applies one or more potentials in advance, measures the current flowing at that time, sets the modification amount at this time as the unit reforming rate, and the current value as the unit current value, and changes the desired reforming rate and unit breakup. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the applied potential value is controlled based on a ratio to a mass ratio.
The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls an applied potential or current by measuring at least water quality after reforming before and after reforming.
4. The controller according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the controller controls the potential applied to each of the electrodes using a plurality of the electrodes, thereby changing the adhesion amount of the adherent adhering to the electrode surface. The water treatment apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims.
The said control part reduces the adhesion amount of the deposit | attachment to the said electrode, The water treatment apparatus of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.
The said control part makes the adhesion amount of the adhering matter to the said electrode increase, The water treatment apparatus of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.
The control unit passes water in which a desired component is dissolved in advance to the electrolytic unit, and controls the potential applied to each electrode using a plurality of the electrodes, thereby adhering the adhesion to the electrode surface. The water treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that the amount is increased.