WO2014082045A1 - Ensemble pléthysmographe comportant un blindage de signal - Google Patents

Ensemble pléthysmographe comportant un blindage de signal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082045A1
WO2014082045A1 PCT/US2013/071735 US2013071735W WO2014082045A1 WO 2014082045 A1 WO2014082045 A1 WO 2014082045A1 US 2013071735 W US2013071735 W US 2013071735W WO 2014082045 A1 WO2014082045 A1 WO 2014082045A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cage
receiver
cages
coupled
whole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/071735
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John GODLESKI
Edgar DIAZ
Stephen Ferguson
Original Assignee
President And Fellows Of Harvard College
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by President And Fellows Of Harvard College filed Critical President And Fellows Of Harvard College
Publication of WO2014082045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082045A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
    • A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
    • A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K11/00—Marking of animals
    • A01K11/006—Automatic identification systems for animals, e.g. electronic devices, transponders for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/07—Endoradiosondes
    • A61B5/076—Permanent implantations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/0806—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs by whole-body plethysmography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D3/00—Appliances for supporting or fettering animals for operative purposes

Definitions

  • a plethysmograph is an instrument for measuring changes in volume within an organ or whole body.
  • One of the many uses of such an instrument is to measure effects of air contaminants on small animals.
  • the animals are placed into a plethysmograph and are monitored.
  • the animals have transmitters implanted that monitor various parameters as part of an experiment.
  • the transmitters transmit signals representative of the measured parameters to receivers.
  • the receivers may receive many signals from multiple different animals and may not be able to distinguish which signals correspond to which animal.
  • a system includes a support structure forming cages made of a material to interfere with transmission of radiation between plethysmograph chambers in the cages.
  • the chambers are adapted to serve as a whole body plethysmograph for bodies containing an implanted transmitter.
  • Each cage is further adapted to hold a receiver to receive signals from the implanted transmitter from a body within the chamber in the cage and provide the received signals outside the cage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for supporting a plurality of plethysmographs according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an airflow system according to an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an airflow structure utilized to measure pressure within each chamber according to an example embodiment
  • a system 100 illustrated by a block diagram in FIG. 1, has multiple uses in animal physiological and toxicological research.
  • the system 100 in one embodiment includes a table 1 10 to hold multiple chambers or whole- body plethysmographs 1 12, 1 14, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126 for the study of the respiratory health effects of exposures of small animals 130 to test atmospheres (mixtures of gasses and/or particles in air, inhaled drugs, or any other aerosol).
  • the system is adapted to hold multiple telemetry units 132 implanted into the research animals.
  • Receivers 134 are positioned to be in close proximity to the telemetry units 132 to receive transmitted signals.
  • the table 110 may have multiple levels of racks 140 and dividers
  • the cages also support individually separated signal receivers 134, which may be electrically or optically coupled to a controller 145 to collect data from the signal receivers 134. Wires or optical fibers may be used to connect the signal receivers to the controller 145 and are not shown to keep the diagram less cluttered.
  • each whole-body plethysmograph with an animal and transmitter are positioned on top of the receiver 134 in a cage, such that each cage forms a faraday cage. Signals from other whole-body
  • the plethysmographs in other cages do not interfere with each other.
  • the cages in one embodiment are open at least from the front to allow visual inspection of the animals in the whole-body plethysmographs. Cages may also be open from the rear side of the table 110.
  • the table 110 may also have a lower level which contains air flow equipment 150.
  • Each divided area or cage contains one
  • plethysmograph/telemetry unit as shown at 1 12, 1 14, 1 16, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, and may optionally contain space for additional non-telemetry whole-body plethysmographs . Shielding by dividing walls 142 of individual paired transmitter/receivers is useful to prevent signal interference from one pair to another.
  • the placement of additional, non-telemeterized whole-body plethysmographs within each divided area maximizes use of space to allow for optimum simultaneous exposures to the same aerosols. Placement of whole- body plethysmographs close together minimizes the potential for uneven exposure concentrations for different whole-body plethysmographs.
  • the table may also be configured with two or more supply manifolds 155, 156 that can deliver either uniform aerosol concentrations to all of the whole-body plethysmographs or simultaneous delivery of different aerosol concentrations to different sets of chambers. If the inhalation exposure aspect of the table is not being used, the table may serve as a shielded support for continuous in-cage monitoring of physiological parameters by implanted telemetry biosensors and receivers. This table substantially improves the proximity in which the animals may be maintained while monitoring responses to pharmaceuticals or other test substances delivered to the animals by any means,
  • flow of vapors through all exposure whole-body plethysmographs may be maintained by a single vacuum pump 150 with rotameters 160 to control each whole-body plethysmographs flow separately.
  • the vacuum connections to the plethysmographs have different mechanisms to minimize interference of pump pulsations with measurements of animal breathing flow patterns.
  • tubing with identical length and geometry may be used to connect all plethysmographs to aerosol inlet manifolds.
  • the plethysmograph table may also be designed to minimize the interference of flow patterns generated within any given animal plethysmograph with measurements of the flow patterns for animals in other whole-body plethysmographs (by propagation through commonly connected tubing). This feature optimizes performance of devices to individually measure breathing flow characteristics of the test animals.
  • HEPA filters may be used as a part of the pulse damping volume and also to protect the flow meters, valves and pump.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an airflow system 200 according to an example embodiment.
  • a pump 210 is coupled to a buffer chamber 215.
  • Buffer chamber 215 holds a sufficient volume of gas to act as a pulse damper to the noise generated by the pump.
  • the buffer chamber 215 has a volume of approximately 359 lcc.
  • plethysmograph chambers 220 are coupled to the buffer chamber via a manifold 225, with each plethysmograph chamber having a volume of approximately 1 141cc.
  • the buffer chamber 215 volume in one embodiment is about three to four times the volume of a plethysmograph chamber. By reducing the noise generated by the pump 210, the quality of acquired signals may be greatly improved.
  • the buffer chamber 215 holds a sufficient volume of gas to maintain desired pressures and flows within each
  • an exposure chamber 230 without flow may be coupled to the manifold 225 and used to compensate for changes in pressure in the system.
  • the manifold may be simply a mechanism to distribute gas form the buffer chamber 215 to the plethysmograph chambers 220.
  • a valve 235 and a rotameter or flowmeter 240 Between the manifold and each buffer chamber in one embodiment, is a valve 235 and a rotameter or flowmeter 240.
  • the valve and the flowmeter may be used to match flows through the plethysmograph chambers to minimize differential pressures between plethysmograph chambers.
  • the rotameter may operate by varying a cross section area that the gas flows through.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a structure 300 utilized to measure pressure within each chamber in one embodiment.
  • a nipple 310 with an internal glass capillary 315 may be connected to a newly drill hole 320 in the manifold 225 (one for each manifold in the table) that serves as a cleaner way to measure the pressure inside each plethysmograph chamber 220.
  • Lines 335 to each one of the transducers 340 that read the pressure differentials in the chambers 220 connected to that particular manifold 225.
  • Each transducer or different pressure sensor 340 is coupled via a line 350 to observe the pressure inside each plethysmograph chamber 220.
  • lines 335 are coupled to the exposure chamber 230 which serves as a reference pressure for each differential pressure measurement.
  • the exposure chamber 230 is in turn coupled to the manifold 225 via capillary 315.
  • the system may allow researchers to minimize the space required for physiological monitoring and exposing implanted animals to test substances by any means and specifically by inhalation of aerosols during drug
  • Experimental dose uniformity may be maximized using relatively shorter and more uniform delivery lines from whatever aerosol generation method is being used.
  • Various embodiments may also allow researchers to minimize the space required for physiological monitoring and exposing implanted animals to test substances by any means and specifically by inhalation of aerosols during drug development/pharmaceutical or environmental toxicology research.
  • Experimental dose uniformity may be maximized using relatively shorter and more uniform delivery lines from whatever aerosol generation method is being used.
  • biosensors and telemetry systems to monitor physiological and toxicological responses of laboratory rodents to environmental agents, pharmaceuticals, and man-made products is consistently increasing with two well-known primary vendors already in this market and with high likelihood for more.
  • Various embodiments may facilitate the use of these systems by providing a physical platform for their use and eliminates the major shortcoming of these systems.
  • various embodiments provide a means for use in inhalation studies by which gases or aerosols can be delivered to experimental animals.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système qui comprend une structure de support, de multiples cages blindées, chaque cage comportant des parois, une base et un plafond maintenus par la structure de support, laquelle est faite d'une matière qui interfère avec la transmission d'un rayonnement entre les cages. Les cages sont conçues pour maintenir un pléthysmographe pour corps entiers, destiné à des corps contenant un émetteur implanté, et chaque cage est en outre conçue pour contenir un récepteur destiné à recevoir des signaux provenant de l'émetteur implanté, émis par un corps se situant dans la cage, et transmettre les signaux reçus à l'extérieur de la cage.
PCT/US2013/071735 2012-11-26 2013-11-25 Ensemble pléthysmographe comportant un blindage de signal WO2014082045A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261729936P 2012-11-26 2012-11-26
US61/729,936 2012-11-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014082045A1 true WO2014082045A1 (fr) 2014-05-30

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US2013/071735 WO2014082045A1 (fr) 2012-11-26 2013-11-25 Ensemble pléthysmographe comportant un blindage de signal

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020160587A1 (fr) 2019-02-08 2020-08-13 Allflex Australia Pty Ltd Lecteur d'étiquette d'animal électronique
CN113711227B (zh) * 2019-02-08 2024-11-05 奥尔弗莱克斯澳大利亚有限公司 牲畜电子标签识读器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5297502A (en) * 1993-05-05 1994-03-29 Jaeger Rudolf J Modular reversible-flow-past nasopulmonary respiratory dosing system for laboratory animals
US5828220A (en) * 1995-11-02 1998-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method and system utilizing radio frequency for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of an electromagnetically shielded enclosure
US20090223460A1 (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-10 Starr Life Sciences Corp. Bioactive gas supply chamber for animal research such as hypoxia studies on non-anesthetized small animals with direct physiologic monitoring
WO2010002331A1 (fr) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 Astrazeneca Ab Appareil et procédé d'exposition d'animaux de laboratoire à une substance de test
US20110218450A1 (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-08 Haefner Paul A Respiration Measurements and Dosimetry Control in Inhalation Testing Systems

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5297502A (en) * 1993-05-05 1994-03-29 Jaeger Rudolf J Modular reversible-flow-past nasopulmonary respiratory dosing system for laboratory animals
US5828220A (en) * 1995-11-02 1998-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method and system utilizing radio frequency for testing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of an electromagnetically shielded enclosure
US20090223460A1 (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-09-10 Starr Life Sciences Corp. Bioactive gas supply chamber for animal research such as hypoxia studies on non-anesthetized small animals with direct physiologic monitoring
WO2010002331A1 (fr) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 Astrazeneca Ab Appareil et procédé d'exposition d'animaux de laboratoire à une substance de test
US20110218450A1 (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-08 Haefner Paul A Respiration Measurements and Dosimetry Control in Inhalation Testing Systems

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020160587A1 (fr) 2019-02-08 2020-08-13 Allflex Australia Pty Ltd Lecteur d'étiquette d'animal électronique
CN113711227A (zh) * 2019-02-08 2021-11-26 奥尔弗莱克斯澳大利亚有限公司 牲畜电子标签识读器
EP3921762A4 (fr) * 2019-02-08 2022-10-12 Allflex Australia Pty Ltd Lecteur d'étiquette d'animal électronique
CN113711227B (zh) * 2019-02-08 2024-11-05 奥尔弗莱克斯澳大利亚有限公司 牲畜电子标签识读器

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