WO2014076724A2

WO2014076724A2 - Capture cooling purification chimneys (ccpc)

Info

Publication number: WO2014076724A2
Application number: PCT/IT2013/000314
Authority: WO
Inventors: Luigi Antonio PEZONE
Original assignee: Pezone Luigi Antonio
Priority date: 2012-11-19
Filing date: 2013-11-14
Publication date: 2014-05-22
Also published as: ITCE20120008A1; WO2014076724A4; WO2014076724A3

Abstract

At the state of the art, industrial and urban chimneys are a simple way for the smokes to the atmosphere, since purification of the smoke is realized only in those industrial plants with a filtering system embedded into the plant themselves, while the cooling of the smoke is simply obtained by heat exchangers that pre-heat the combustive air that supply burners and furnaces. The C02 is a perfectly oxidized gas and thus it cannot be eliminated only by air filtering, nor reduced with electrostatic filtering. Therefore, the industrial and urban chimneys (CCPC) are the first plants that will allow to recover C02 and, if necessary, to complete reduction of NOx and SOx, ash and part of the heat scattered in the atmosphere. The neutralization of C02 and most of the components harmful for environment will take place in other plants which follows the capture, but in the chimneys most of the heat can be transferred to the water through a heat exchanger embedded into the exhaust pipes suitably modified. The water so obtained can be used to heat large digesters and industrial greenhouses mainly for energy production, while in the urban setting, mainly for improving the efficiency of household boilers, supplied with pre-heated water. The chimneys (CCPC) belong to a group of national and international patents that can be combined in various manners to obtain the global purification and energy that contributes to protect the environment giving back to the sea mineral salts and carbonates. The fig. 8 shows the chimneys inserted into (GSPDPTC): Global synergy plant for depuration, biomass production and thermoelectric cogeneration, based on several national and international patents of applicant.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

CAPTURE COOLING PURIFICATION CHIMNEYS (CCPC)

The technical fields of this invention are protection of the environment and saving of energetic resources both in industrial and urban settings. This invention belongs to a group of inventions that aim at preventing phenomena of water and atmosphere acidification and recovering of energetic resources, processes that cannot be carried out with current purification and energy production systems. The main invention is the one that integrates into a unique system old and novel technologies to avoid losses. This main invention is named (GSPDPTC): "Global synergy plant for depuration, biomass production and thermoelectric cogeneration", that is connected to the priority document, Italian patent pending, CE2012A000009. Application (CCPC) is connected to the priority document, Italian patent pending CE2012A000008. This request is dedicated just to the capture cooling purification of fumes and not enter into the merit of other processes that remove the C02 from the flue gas, that will be described in other industrial Italian pending patent (CE2011 A000001) and other PCT requests connected to other Italians priority documents CE2012A000007, CE20012A000010. But, to utilize the entire system many other existing technologies are necessary in addition to those claimed here. Only by integrating many technologies and many environmental applications it is possible to close anthropic cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and recover and reuse the waste heat and C02 in the environment.

The background art in the protection of environment and in the production of energy neglected synergies among different plant types, which, instead, could lead to global purification of the environment. Chimneys are a shortcut that does not allow addressing and solving significant environment problems, because combustion cycles, independently from the fuel used, cannot finish in the current chimneys that simply eject smokes in the atmosphere. They should be subjected to additional treatments so as toxic material and pollutants are not scattered in the environment and, at the same time, resources such as heat and C02, the main greenhouse gas, can be recovered. The current state of the art allows to foresee in a near future advanced technological solutions, such as C02 capture through artificial trees or, by means of chemical and electrolytic alkalinisation of large marine water areas, or directly in the thermo- electric plants, with the so-called CCS technologies. Such technologies are basically a chemical cleansing that reduces the heat power, by capturing the C02, but without neutralising it, therefore it is necessary to compress, liquefy and bury it at about one thousand meters underground into cavities suitably detected. However, such solution can cause seismic risks and dangerous gas leakage, known as "Nyos effect", for a similar episode happened in 1986 as found in many publications. On the other hand, C02 capture directly at the source through the chimneys (CCPC), together with following treatments, will be a real breakthrough, because it currently is the sole technology, acting at the source, with a complete treatment without any side effect, and it allows heat recovering while avoiding that SOx, NOx and fine dusts reach the atmosphere. If it is true that such components can in principle be treated separately from the C02, it is true that no treatment exists that is able to stop large concentrated emissions of the coal production of thousands MWh. Some hope could be gained if smaller plants were realized. Current individual treatments did not stop the acidification growth of water and atmosphere that cannot be imputed only to C02, which, of captured at the source, could become the main resource for global environmental protection.

The disclosure of this invention is divided in two parts that illustrate the industrial application and the urban application of the chimneys (CCPC). Both applications demonstrate that current chimneys are simply pipes that scatter pollutants and heat into the atmosphere, while chimneys (CCPC)are actual sophisticated plants. The chimneys (CCPC) play a relevant role in the environment protection since they avoid dispersion of pollutants and heat in the environment and allow their transfer into plants able of global treatments, namely air and water treatments, which do not exist at the state of the art, as it happens for the chimneys (CCPC) themselves. Said chimneys (CCPC) can be used also in the future when biological fuel is expected to be used, in order to collect heat and smokes in a simple and economically convenient system to produce carbonates to send to the see as well as compost for agriculture in conjunction with global plants. In this application, only the main two applications are discussed: industrial thermal plant and urban building with several floors. But, as said, in the industrial sector the chimney (CCPC) can substitute those of the blast furnaces, incinerators, cement plants, co- generators, while, in the urban setting, public buildings, restaurants. The modifications required to standard chimneys to be transformed into the novel chimneys here proposed are the same for both main applications, with differences only in their dimensioning and accesses for maintenance. In this international application we focus only on what is possible to do directly in the chimney and the use of heated water from the flue gases in the recovery of the same make. The chimney (CCPC) is very similar to a piezometric tower, even if in urban applications it can be embedded into the buildings for aesthetic reasons. In the industrial setting, it is of larger dimensions and a spiral staircase will be used for inspection and maintenance. The structural characteristics that allow the chimneys (CCPC) to carry out functions different from the current one are: The end where now there is the atmospheric outlet will be enlarged to nullify the speed of the air so as the smoke can be sucked in by the electric blowers (eff). In Figs. 1, 2, 3 it can be noted that all the industrial and urban chimneys can be realized in the version (CCPC), independently from the system they have been dimensioned with (natural or forced ventilation). If the exhaust pipe is well dimensioned (based on the flow rate, the density, the smoke temperature, natural or forced air ventilation), the energy that pushes the smoke up runs out at the atmospheric outlet, where only the pressure due to the lower hot air density with respect to the atmosphere, which can be easily overcome by a flue gas expansion chamber (fgec) and by creating a depression into an external annular gap, concentric with the exhaust pipe of the flue gas, which sucks in the smoke and also some external air through the fresh air intake (fai). For architectonic reasons, the gap can take different shapes, still functional, side by side with the exhaust pipe subjected to a (fgec). The smoke, sucked in by the electric blower (eff) must pass through the electrostatic filter (esf). The characteristics of the electrostatic filters are well known since 50 years. They are able to capture the dust, unburned gases, oxides such as NOx, SOx, CO, which are composed by molecules with null electric charge, but through a high intensity electric field between the electrodes where the air flows at moderate speed, are electrostatically charged thus causing their precipitation on the collecting electrodes connected to the ground. The electrostatic filters are periodically mechanical shaken to let the dust precipitate. Without entering into the construction details of the filter, that can be realized with the same size of the expansion chamber (fgec), which has a relevant functionality and it is positioned at the top end of the exhaust pipe. It is equipped with a removable cover (rm) for the main maintenance operations, an upper flooe (uf), that can dismounted too, to whom the filter (esf) is attached and a lower floor (If) on which dust is collected. In the industrial version fig. 1, where the smoke temperature is very high, and the quantity of dust is higher, a sucking net embedded into floor is foreseen, which brings the dust to a cyclone filter (cf), placed on an external mezzanine, which, working at the same time of the shaking cycle of the filter (esf), collect the dust into a tank at the bottom of the chimney, while the hot air containing C02, NOx, SOx and the lighter dust is sent to a vertical limestone and photosynthetic greenhouse (VSB) (object of another PCT request), which in the limestone section works as a big scrubber, but with the ability to extract calcium ions from the calcareous material to produce carbonates and sulphates in the water that take away from the environment Cow, SOx, while the photosynthetic section performs the water treatment and biomass production. In the urban version, fig. 3, where the smoke temperature is much lower and the dust quantity is lower, the floor (If) will not have the sucking net. The dust will be removed by a timed washing process of the floor, with waste water that will be recovered by the new urban purifying system that will comprise the (VSB). In both fig. 1 and fig. 3, the expansion chamber (fgec) is larger than the space occupied by the filter, thus the smoke speed nullifies and the electric blower or the electric blowers (eff), besides the smoke, will convey downwards also fresh air, which will be taken from the air vent (fai) and regulated by the motorized shutter (aid). As it can be seen in Fig. I and fig. 4, the mix of smoke and air, still warm, going downward, must brush the surface of the heat exchanger (fgwe) giving some heat to the water circulating in it. The heat exchanger (fgwe) is constituted by common pipes of stainless steel, which start from the exhaust pipe and then the wind up into an annular gap around the exhaust pipe. As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, it is possible to embed the electric blower (eff) at the base of the exhaust pipe without being visible from outside and without creating small sucking derivations that suck the urban smog stagnating at the ground, mainly in urban sites with high traffic density. In addition, as shown in drawing. 1/5, for industrial settings, and in fig. 3/5 (sfpcuec) for the urban version, the upper part of the exhaust pipe connected to the expansion chamber (fgec) can be equipped with two or more electric blowers (eff) parallel to the exhaust pipe in order to enhance the sucking action of the electric blowers (eff) at the base. In the industrial version, of large dimensions, the annular gap is separated by the stairs room by a wall realized with modular sandwich panels of polyurethane coated with a stainless steel shield connected together with special profiles. In fig. 1 it can be noted how the mix of air and smoke purified and cooled is input in the channel (cchwf) from where additional electric blowers (eff) will suck it to input them into vertical synergetic buildings (VSB). Moreover, it can be noted that at the bottom of the chimney can be realized smoke interception dampers (sidl) and (sid2) that allow to deviate the smoke directly into the channel (cchwf), in case of maintenance of the filter (esf), such as at the top end, in case the systems for heat and C02 recovery are out of order, the smoke can be output in the atmosphere through the fresh air intake (fai) and air inlet dampers (aid).

Fig. 3 reports the urban application of the (CCPC), which substitute the current exhaust pipes. Obviously, in such application referring to plants much less powerful than industrial plants, the plants will have dimensions much lower than in the industrial setting, without the internal spiral staircase, but they can be equipped with the electrostatic filter that can be accessed by the roofs of the buildings or can be placed under the roof to be not visible from outside. Even in this case, the captured smoke is conveyed at the base of the chimney (CCPC) and sent by the electric blowers (eff) to other global urban purification plants subject of another Italian patent pending n. CE201 1A000001 not claimed in this PCT request, so as all countries can use it. This big urban plant develops underground and captures from the environment also the smog due to the car traffic and with other systems more economically convenient the smoke of the current chimneys but without the heat recovery. As shown in fig. 8, also in the urban setting plants (GSPDPTC) will be included to purify locally water and air together. The production of biologic energy permitted by this complete plant, small or large, belongs to a process described in other PCT requests. Therefore, the purification path of the chimney (CCPC) smoke is the same as in the industrial setting and it ends in the same way, since also in the urban area or in nearby complete systems (GSPDPTC) "Global synergy plant for depuration, biomass production and thermoelectric cogeneration" can be realized.

From fig. 1 and 3 it can be noted instead that hydraulic schemes that are in front and behind the heat exchanger are very different. This is due mainly to the structural differences between thermal civil and urban plants. But, since the main subject of the patent application the new chimneys that recover the smoke with environmental and energetic aims, it is correct to claim in the same patent all aspects that derive from the smoke recovery in the same type of chimney, independently from the dimension and place where they are used, provided that heat and smoke are concerned. Thus, let us analyse the hydraulic schemes of water flow, separately.

In fig. 1 the recovery and heating of industrial water is reported. It is known that thermoelectric centrals and thermal industrial plants produce huge amounts of hot water, that are used in the cooling systems of condenser turbines, rolling mills, production machines. This water is not polluted since it flows into the plants without contact with chemical or biological cycles, but it cannot be drained into water basins at high temperature. In Europe, the maximum temperature allowed at the outlet is 35 °C. This limit is hardly fulfilled and, in reality, the temperature is higher and this affect water ecosystems. Recovery of such heat seems to be a real resource to be exploited, especially to warm digesters and greenhouses that are the sole energetic source to alkalinize see water.

In Fig. 1, the warm water produeced by thermal plants is drained into the hot water covered basin (hwcb). These basins are not existent nowadays nor they are covered since the heat is not recovered. The way the water is transferred from this basin to the heat exchanger (fgwe) of the chimney is simple: one or more electric hot water lift pumps (hwlp) lift the water directly to a flue gas water exchanger (fgwe), which follows the path of smoke and drains the water into a covered channel for hot water and fumes (cchwf), though a flow control valve (fcv) controlled by a temperature probe, by increasing the flow proportionally to an increase of temperature. The covered channel (cchwf) will distribute the hot water and smoke where they will take part to the purifying energetic process.

Fig. 3 reports the urban hydraulic scheme that does not enter into houses and public places, but it requires only modification of the external system for water supply and the boilers connecting to the existent autoclave plants. These are usually constituted by at least an atmospheric pressure tank (apt) and an expansion tank for cold water (etcw), that is pressurized with air and one or more cold water lift pump (cwlp). To implement the innovation proposed in this application, some new elements have to be added to such components as illustrated in the scheme. In detail, the new components are: an expansion tank for hot water (ethw), a hot water circulating pump (hwcp), a cold water circulating pump (cwcp), an air compressor (ac), then all the pipes needed to connect the heat exchanger (fgwe) to the expansion tank (ethw). The new connections are shown magnified in figs. 4 and 5, where it is important to note the position of unidirectional valves (uv) and that the boilers are supplied by the boiler water supply network (bws), which is fed by the pressurized tank (ethw) at the same pressure of the cold water line (cws) through the common compressor (ac), which resumes air cushions when in one of the two tanks the water raises up to the maximum level. The new network is just the exchanger (fgwe) that extends its path by returning back to the tank (ethw). The water used by this circuit that supply only the boilers is automatically replenished by the tank (etcw) through the unidirectional valve that connects it to (ethw). From this tank, through the hot water circulating pump (hwcp), the water is supplied to the chimney (CCPC) and follows the smoke path, by surrounding the exhaust pipe, thus constituting the exchanger (fgwe), from where start the branches that distribute the warmed water to users, that can be the domestic boilers (db) or the public facility boilers (pfb) or heating units for heating shared spaces (stairwells, halls), which deviate the exchanger path and return back to the heating spiral that terminates in the expansion tank (ethw). The aim of this circuit is mainly to supply the water pre-heated by the chimney smoke to the boilers with a lower temperature leap thus reducing the overall energy consumption. The energy saving can be easily computed by the simple formula E = cs ·πι· dT, where cs is the specific heat and m the mass of the water, being dT the temperature leap. This means that if we reduce the dT by 25%, then the energy is reduced by 25% as well. Of course, we must take into account the energy absorbed by electric blowers (eff) but these can be handled by temperature probes and inverters for speed regulation and can be helped by boilers with forced ventilation and deflectors used to optimize air and smoke paths for each specific application.

Brief description of drawings. In the disclosure of invention the working principle of the chimney (CCPC) has been described, here after we report, in alphabetical order, the complete list of the acronyms that appear on drawings about (CCPC)

Legend: (ac) air compressor; (af) air filter; (ags) agitator sludge; (ahu) air handling units; (aid) air inlet dampers; (aout) air outlet; (acwhs) arrival cooling water heating system; (asc) anaerobic sludge collector; (ads) anionic detergent solution; (apt) atmospheric pressure tank; (art) anionic regeneration tunnel, (as) arrival sewer; (avhe) heat ewchanger; (aw) agricultural wastewater; (aws) alkaline water supply; (bcf) biogas cyclone filter; (be) bagged compost; (besvp) biological covered superimposed ponds; (bmh) biomass hopper; (bmpc) biomas pneumatic conveyor; (bmc) biomass collector; (bioc) biogas collector; (brse) basket and racks elefator; (bws) boiler water supply; (casrb) covered area sorting racks and baskets; (CCPC); capture cooling purification chimney; (cf) cyclone filter; (clp) condensate lift pump; (C C0₂) collector transport compressed mixture of air and C02; (crt) cationic regeneration tunnel; (esc) collecting stones channel; (cwhb) calcareous wheeled hanging baskets; (cwlp) cold water lift pump; (cchwf) covered channel for hot water and fumes; (cws) cold water supply; (db) domestic boiler; (dlh) digester loading hopper; (dwb) downstream water body; (dst) distribution smud tank; (dwt) desalinated water tank; (ebC0₂) electroblower for C0₂; (ebbio) elettroblower for biogas; (efa) electric fan for air; (eff) electric fan for fumes; (esf) electrostatic filter; (emr) equipped motorized rack; (ethw) espansion tanks for hot water; (etcw) espansion tanks for cold water; (fai) fresh air intake; (fev) flow control valve; (fvhe) fumes vapor heat exchanger; (fgwe) flue gas water exchanger; (fbcvp) final biological covered vertical pond; (fgfs) flue gas filtration system; (gf) grating floor; (gw) glass wall; (GUED) global urban environmental depuration; (hwb) hot water basin; (hwp) hot water pipes; (hweb) hot water covered basin; (hwcp) hot water circulating pump; (hwfc) hotwater and fumes channel; (hwlp) hot water lift pump; (hws) hot water supply; (If) lower floor; (lbh) limestone boulders hopper; (LDDC) linear digester dehydrator composter; (mgg) mini glazing greenhouse; (pbpma) photobioreactors for the production of microalgae; (pebio) pneumatic conveying biomass; (plv) rain; (pfb) public facility boiler; (pvum) purifying vertical urban module; (pwdv) purified water drain valve; (pwo) purified water outlet; (rfwt) resins final washing tunnel; (rm) removable cover; (rcpld) road control panel with mini limestone dosing hopper incorporated; (npwl) recovery rainwater and purified water line; (rrt) resin regeneration tunnel; (rwt) resins washing tunnel; (rww) resins washing water; (rwhb) resin wheeled hanging baskets; (se) stairwell and elevator; (sfgc) settling flue gas collector; (sh) sludge hopper, (sk) skylight; (sid 1-2) smoke interception damper; (sle) sump sludge extraction; (sip) sludge lift pump; (sov); shutoff valve; (spas) submersible pumps for anaerobic sludge; (ssl) settler in sewer line; (STAMC0₂) storage tank atmosferic mixture of air and C02; (STCMCO₂) storage tank compressed mixture of air and C02; (stt) sludge tape transport; (tsp) transparent solar panels; (ttst) transit tank sludge to be thickened; (rwv), recirculating water valve; (TEPbio), thermoelectric power plant fueled by biogas; (TEPfos) thermoelectric power plant fueled with fossil fuels; (tucC02) thickening C02 underground collector; (uf) upper floor; (upwb) upstream water body; (uv) unidirectional valve; (vcmlg) vertical covered mechanized limestone greenhouse; (vclmg) vertical covered limestone mechanized greenhouse; (vahe) heat exchanger; (vm) vertical mixer; (vmcpg) vertical mechanized covered production greenhouse; (VSB) vertical synergic building; (wb) water body; (wba) water basin to be alkalize; (wbc) water cooling basin; (wbp) water basin to be purified; (wlp) water lifting pump; (wfd) washing floor drain; (wss) water sofned supply. The drawing "1/5" shows fig. 1 that is the complete section of a chimney of a large industrial thermal plant, which can be not only a thermoelectric central but also a steel plant, cement plant or an incinerator. In detail, it can be noted the input of the flue gas and water (ws), the output of the flue gas from the (CCPC) through the electric blower (eff) and of the hot water through the valve (fcv), that go into the common covered channel (cchwf), from where the hot water supplies the digesters (LDDC) and the flue gas supplies the sections (vcmlg) of the (VSB). Fig. 2 shows the magnification of the expansion chamber (Fgec), where the path of the air is visible which enters into the chimney and the smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe.

The drawing "2/5" reports a generic connection to the sewage system, in which fig. 3 is inspired to the scheme of a global urban purification system (Italian patent pending CE 2011A000001 by the applicant). It shows that global environment (air and water) protection can be obtained as well as recover the heat lost by the smoke in the domestic plants. Fig. 4 shows the details of the connection between pressurized tanks of cold and hot water, while Fig. 5 shows the separated connection of domestic users (bws and cws) to exploit the feeding of pre-heated water of the boilers. Fig. 6 shows how it can be achieved the industrialization of exhaust pipes with gap and standard included heat exchanger that can be coupled to each other through male/female connections or flanged: (fps), flue pipe standard with cavity and heat exchanger built, and special pieces for connection to domestic boiler: (sfpcdb), special flue pipe with cavity and heat exchanger built to connect domestic boiler. Modern gas boilers with flue gas condensation are those which assure the best thermal performance.

The drawing "3/5", fig. 7 shows the scheme of a global industrial purifier (Italian patent pending CE2012A000009 named (GSPDPTC), global synergy plant for depuration, biomass production and thermoelectric cogeneration) in which there are the industrial version of: 1 (TEPfos), 2 (CCPC fos), 3 (VSB), 4 (LDDC), 5 (TEPbio), 6 (CCPC fos). Where, (TEPfos) produces fossil energy, heat, smoke and C02; it transfer the C02 and the heat of the smoke to (CCPC fos), while the heat of the water goes to (LDDC); (CCPC bio) transfers the heat of the smoke to (LDDC) and the C02 to (VSB); (VSB) produces biomasses that are transferred to (LDDC) and alkaline water that is sent to the sea; (LDDC) produces biogas that is transferred to (TEPbio), solid digested for agriculture and liquid digested that is transferred to (VSB), while hot smoke with C02 go to (VSB). At the same time (TEPbio) produces biological energy, heat, smoke and C02; it transfers the C02 and the heat of the smoke to (CCPCbio), while the heat of the water goes to (LDDC). The loop can continue indefinitely with a coexistence of fossil and biological fuel that produce clean energy, compost for the agriculture and alkaline water to reduce oceans' acidification.

The drawing "4/5", fig. 8, shows the scheme of (Gued), "global urban environmental depuration" (Italian patent pending CE2011A000001) integrated in the system GSPDPTC, described above, that have been invented later, in which there are the urban version of: 1 (CCPC), 2 (VSB), 3 ( LDDC ), 4 ( TEPbio ) for application in urban environments that produce fossil and bioenergy, heat, smoke, C02 and polluted water. The heat of urban (CCPC) goes to (db) domestic boiler, the heat of urban (TEP) and its (CCPC) goes to ( LDDC); urban C0₂ from the TEPs and (db)_s goes to (VSB). (VSB ) produces biomass, which is transferred to ( LDDC ) and alkaline water that is sent to the sewer system, which will be very different from the current system because it does not produces hydrogen sulphide, but purifies the water and capture C02 and smog. (LDDC) produces digested solids and liquids, as well as biogas that is transferred to (TEPbio). The digested solid is used for agriculture while the digested liquid is transferred to (VSB). This loop can continue indefinitely with a coexistence of fossil fuel and biological systems to produce clean energy, compost for agriculture and alkaline water to reduce ocean acidification. Different technologies characterize the system described in the Italian pending patent CE201 1A000001 which have not been transformed into a PCT request because this is only the first part of long process that can be completed only through (CCPC), (VSB), (LDCC), (GSPDPTC). In fact, in order to obtain the maximum performance from entire system it is required to change the "purifying urban vertical module" (pvum) provided in Gued, so that not only must it be connected together with the anaerobic sludge collector (asc), but must also be placed under a "mini glazing green house (mgg), within which there, will be a small section (vclmg) that is used to oxidize and alkalize the waters and neutralizes C02 without resorting to the use of calcium oxide. This is not always possible due to space limitations in the old urban centers, but it can be located anywhere there is space, such as a bed or a roundabout. In Figure 8, we report (pvum) with (mgg) or a " Road Control Panel with mini limestone dosing hopper incorporated" (rcpld).

The drawing "5/5" fig. 9 shows a diagram of an original (pvum) purifying urban vertical module, expected in a global urban sewage treatment plant (italian patent pending CE 201 1A000001 of applicant, unclaimed with PCT request), with "road control panel with mini limestone dosing hopper incorporated"(rcpld). This system can be used in global, urban purification, where there is no space on the surface to achieve the solution shown in fig.lO. Infact, (rcpld) can be advantageously replaced by a (mgg) "mini green house glazing" incorporating a section (vcmlg) vertical limestone covered mechanized green house, superimposed on the (pvum). This system is more efficient in local purifying air and water, which is made alkaline by neutralizing C02 without consuming calcium oxide. In urban areas the system Gued + GSPDPTC, locally, works in the following way: The chimney catches the exit air pollution from boilers and furnaces, having purified the fumes with the electrostatic filter and recovered heat to enhance the thermal performance of domestic boiler (db), the fumes are released in "settling flue gas collector" (sfgc) from which the mixture of air and C02 through various "air filters" and "air compressors" (ac) compress it in "storage tank" (STCMC02) and in a network (CMC02) from which they can fetch both sections of oxidation of local (pvum) that the VSBs basins of oxidation (wba) and (wbp) that exploit the pressure and the oxygen to oxygenate the water, while the C02 issued by oxygenated waters, forced to climb the local greenhouses and VSB (vcmlg), is absorbed to produce carbonates in the same waters that fall within their respective basins. In (pvum) it can also consume the nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen by means of photosynthesis permitted by stagnant and oxygenated surface, since the treated water forced out of a tube going up to at least 100 cm to reach the level of overflow. Even in (pvum) waters are alkalized in the greenhouse by touching trays (wot) and crossing the baskets filled with calcareous material (cwhb) of (vcmlg), although everything is in miniature, in (pvum) modified happen the same purification processes of large VSB. Fig. 11, shows that the main functions of oxidation, photosynthesis and alkalization and the flue gas purification can happen even in homes and businesses or industrial blocks from centralized purification systems, supporting chimneys (CCPC) to (pvum) with (mgg) and (vclmg), but adding a storage tank for the atmospheric mixture of air and C02 (STAMC02), storage tank mixture of compressed air and C02 (STCMC02) with itsfiltration (af) and air compressor (ac). The sludge produced by (pvum) blocks are extracted by means of a tanker truck through "sump sludge extraction" (sle) and taken to (LDDC).

Industrial applicability. From what reported above, it seems very strange that chimneys like (CCPC)do not exist already today, but there are only simple pipes emitting smoke in the air. From the drawings and explanation it easy to understand the strategic importance of what is claimed here in the largest industrial applications, because it is much more difficult capture on the ground the energy of the heat without supporting the natural ascent to the sky that serves as a first cooling. At industrial level, we cannot talk of commercialization, but at a technical level no thermal plant should avoid usage of (CCPC), even if today this is what happened. The results are under our eyes. Let's try to imagine the environment if the thermoelectric centrals, the incinerators, the steel plants, the cement plants and all industries took back to the ground the smoke and let them go through the calcareous scrubbers and the VSB. The same applies to the numerous urban exhaust pipes, and in such cases, a commercial exploitation can be envisaged, as described in the drawing n. "2/4", but additional components would be necessary to collect the pollutants captured by (CCPC). Such components should be structural and the designers of public buildings should take care of this. However, even structural solutions need of technologies that can have an unexpected commercial exploitation. Chimneys (CCPC) belong to this category and this the motivation of such PCT request.

Claims

1) Chimney (CCPC) for capturing, cooling and purification of smoke, for both urban and industrial application, characterized by the fact that at the top end, where, normally, there is the output to the atmosphere, a flue gas expansion chamber (fgec) is created, which allows to slow down, until nullify, the speed of smoke, that, without kinetic energy, are deviated toward the ground, through a depression created by one or more electric blowers (eff), which force the smoke to pass through large holes in the lower floor (If) and the annular interspace that goes around the exhaust pipe, where they touch the heat exchanger (fgwe) giving some of the heat to the circulating water; also the external air that enters in the expansion chamber (fgec) from the external air vent regulated by the damper (aid) contributes to the cooling; the smoke at the output of annular interspace is input through different ways in the vertical covered mechanized limestone greenhouse (vcmlg) of the vertical synergic building (VSB), which are described and claimed in other PCT request, and they are intended to neutralize the C02, the residual combustion gases and the suspended dust, producing at the same time energetic biomasses; the hot water produced by the heat contained into the smoke is used to improve the overall efficiency of the thermal industrial or urban plant.

2) Chimney (CCPC) industrial or urban according to claim 1, in which the expansion chamber (fgec) placed at the top end is equipped with a floor (If) which collects the dust fallen by gravity or captured by the electrostatic filter (esf); such dust can be removed by a sucking network or by a temporized washing cycle of the floor, depending on the temperature of the inner chamber (fgec).

3) Chimney (CCPC) industrial or urban according to claims 1 and 2, out of which, in case of high temperature in (fgec), a temporized cyclone filter (fc) is placed on a suitable external mezzanine, or synchronized with the shaking phase of the dust of a possible electrostatic filter, which sucks the dust of the floor (If) and conveys it into a tank at the chimney base, while the hot air, containing the lighter dust, is conveyed to the limestone section of the VSB building which acts as a scrubber.

4) Chimney (CCPC) industrial or urban according to claims 1, 2 and 3, in which at the top outlet the smoke is mixed with the external air coming from the top air vent (fai) thanks to the regulation of the air flow by a motorized shutter (aid).

5) Chimney (CCPC) industrial or urban according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that it does not eject the smoke into the atmosphere, but it can do it through the air vent (fai) if the backdraught shutter is closed (sidl) leaving open (sid2) and shutting down the electric blowers (eff). 6) Industrial chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5, in which the cooled and, in case, filtered smoke is sucked to the base of the chimney by the electric blowers (eff) and transferred to the upper part of the horizontal channel (hwfc), from which the blowers suck that supply the (vcmlg) vertical covered mechanized limestone greenhouse of the VSB building which acts as a

5 scrubber.

7) Industrial chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that in the channel (hwfc) it is drained also the water drained by the heat exchanger (fgwe), thus in the lower part of the channel (hwfc) hot water flows, the condensation contained in the smoke and the other hot water coming from the thermal plant before the chimney.

0 8) Industarial and urban chimney (CCPC)ac cording to claims from 1 to 5, in which the heat exchanger (fgwe) which recovers part of the heat contained in the smoke is placed into an annular interspace realized by means of a wall composed by sandwich modular panels of polyurethane coated by a stainless steel shield.

9) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and 8, which in the urban version is5 characterized by a double concentric exhaust pipe embedded or place at the side of civil buildings, in which the external chamber, depressurized by the electric blowers (eff), brings back to the ground the flue gas that are distributed in the various plants for neutralization through underground connections not claimed in this request.

10) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 8 to 9, which in the urban 0 version is characterized by the fact that the expansion chamber (fgec), smaller than the industrial version, can be placed on roofs or embedded under the roofs, while the exhaust pipes can be external or embedded into the buildings.

11) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 8 to 10, which in the urban version is characterized by the fact that in the exchanger (fgwe) clean water flows that uses a 5 boiler water supply line (bws), separated from the cold water (cws), which starts from the autoclave system by adding a suitable expansion tank (ethw) and a circulating pump (hwcp).

12) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 8 to 11, which in the urban version, the line (bws) exclusively supplies the boiler for domestic and public uses with lower consumption thanks to the lower temperature leap of the water to be warmed.

30 13) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 8 to 12, which in the urban version, as shown in fig. 6, it is possible to obtain the industrialization of the exhaust pipes with the interspace and heat exchanger embedded as pre-built in the production sites and mountable in the building sites without any modifications; fig. 6 shows standard flue pipe (sfp) for (CCPC); (sfpcuec), special flue pipes to connect the upper expansion Chamber; (sfpcupp) special flue pipes to connect to the underlying processing plant; end (spcdb) special pieces for connection to domestic boilers.

14) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 8 to 13, which in the urban version, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, it is possible to embed the electric blower (eff) at the base of the exhaust pipe without being visible from outside and without creating small sucking derivations that suck the urban smog stagnating at the ground, mainly in urban sites with high traffic density.

15) Chimney (CCPC) according to claims from 1 to 5 and from 9 to 14, which in the industrial version, as shown in drawing fig. 1/4, and in the urban version, as shown in fig. 3/4 (sfpcuec), the upper part of the exhaust pipe connected to the expansion chamber (fgec) can be equipped with two or more electric blowers (eff) parallel to the exhaust pipe in order to enhance the sucking action of the electric blowers (eff) at the base.