WO2014073944A1 - Système et procédé d'inspection dynamique de l'intérieur d'une matière molle - Google Patents

Système et procédé d'inspection dynamique de l'intérieur d'une matière molle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014073944A1
WO2014073944A1 PCT/MX2012/000115 MX2012000115W WO2014073944A1 WO 2014073944 A1 WO2014073944 A1 WO 2014073944A1 MX 2012000115 W MX2012000115 W MX 2012000115W WO 2014073944 A1 WO2014073944 A1 WO 2014073944A1
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images
image
thermographic
unit
thermal
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PCT/MX2012/000115
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Crescencio Garcia Segundo
Jorge Rommel SANTIAGO ARCE
Génesis OSORIO TORIBIO
Bartolome REYES RAMÍREZ
Fabián TORRES ROBLES
Fernando ARÁMBULA COSÍO
Nidiyare HEVIA MONTIEL
Rosa María QUISPE SICCHA
Zian FANTI GUTIÉRREZ
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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Priority to PCT/MX2012/000115 priority Critical patent/WO2014073944A1/fr
Publication of WO2014073944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014073944A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A61B8/0825—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings for diagnosis of the breast, e.g. mammography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/01—Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue
    • A61B5/015—By temperature mapping of body part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4416—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities, e.g. combination of ultrasound and X-ray acquisitions

Definitions

  • the present invention lies in the field of imaging, more specifically the acquisition, processing and analysis of biological tissue images, as an aid in medical diagnosis.
  • Imaging is used as an exploration method, either in the radiological or optical test format, for example in the biomedical area it is useful to assist in the study, diagnosis, prognosis and / or planning of clinical strategies, specifically associated with conditions and / or functional abnormalities and / or clinical treatment;
  • Examples are breast, lung or prostate cancer, or another condition that involves inflammation, alterations in blood perfusion, and in general vascular and / or neuropathic alterations, such as watery tumors, vascular obstructions and / or neuropathy between others.
  • the generation of images is obtained using different physical phenomena, among which the most commonly used are effects of interaction of radiation with matter; Examples are X-ray images, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (better known as PET).
  • infrared thermography images are obtained from the infrared radiation emission register and its thermal emission variations. This emission is the result of the metabolic process in living biological systems. Metabolism understood as a sequence of events that involve chemical reactions and that consequently produce heat release exothermically. In thermodynamic terms this is interpreted as work.
  • the metabolic process interpreted as work involves the flow of heat from the tissue to the outside at a rate determined by the metabolism and thermal emissivity of the tissue involved. Therefore the metabolic function determines the heat flux in the form of the infrared radiation that is recorded by the thermal imager. So both imaging methods are of low invasiveness, do not require the use of invasive contrast media and do not present limitations of use by age range or other invasive factor.
  • WO 2007/080567 describes a method that is preferably used to analyze living tissue, where irradiation is first made on the area or region of the damaged tissue, subsequently it records the heat radiation emitted by said area and an infrared analysis is performed, however, the irradiation is superficial, that is, there is no penetration into the tissue and it is limited to establishing thermal contrast of the tissue surface, therefore only the emissivity of heat from the surface is affected but it does not allow qualitative estimates and / or quantitative of the coefficient of thermal diffusion inside the tissue; In addition, it does not allow estimating the condition that occurs in the generation of heat associated with metabolism due to alterations in blood perfusion.
  • Document MX / a / 2008 / 0022 ⁇ l describes a device and method for non-invasively identifying pathological skin lesions;
  • this method and device different types of skin moles, tumors, lesions and cancers (specifically, melanoma) are detected and identified by combined analysis of infrared and visible optical signals based on integral and spectral regimes for the detection and generation of images that leads to the early warning and treatment of potentially dangerous conditions, but such a system only applies to the superficial inspection of the tissue, so they do not include thermal contrast factors or other mechanism from which it is possible to obtain spatial damage range estimators and / o deep location.
  • US 6,901, 157 describes an apparatus for ultrasonic diagnosis, which has a unit for emitting and receiving ultrasonic waves to be diagnosed; an echo image processing unit of the emitted waves, a storage unit for the processed information, a control unit for reading the processed images and an image display device for displaying the images stored in the databases .
  • This device has the limitation that it does not allow anatomic 2D and 3D reconstructions and / or access to manipulation for visualization in orientations controlled manually and / or automatically by the user.
  • US 6023637 describes an apparatus and method that is used to map metabolic activity in the area of a patient, this is done only by means of infrared qualitatively because it only shows images that have been digitized. The limitation presented is due to the exclusive use of images acquired in the infrared region and performs the study based on post-processing; therefore the time of emission of results is long and is limited to 2D images isolated from an anatomical environment.
  • US 2007/0161922 describes a method of active and passive infrared tomography for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, where a lesion can be identified within a region of living tissue, which is non-invasive once taken the information is analyzed to make the diagnosis. Said system does not perform the inspection of the radiation emission variations of the excited biological tissue, nor does it make a comparison with any three-dimensional model of physical type and / or computational in order to identify the position of possible anomalies present in the functional biological sample.
  • US 6640130 deals with a method for the evaluation of a biological system comprising the integration of spatial, spectral and temporal characteristics and, optionally, physiological data with a multimodal spectral and temporal imaging system; with this it makes a fusion of a thermal image or other modalities of images with said multimodal image system, the recording of several images acquired in different wavelengths and in different periods of time of a hyperspectral cube so that each pixel corresponds in all the flat images at the same point in space, and the incorporation of a high resolution device of spatial and temporal images as a reference in which each spectral image of said biological system or stimulus is recorded in the evaluation cube.
  • the device has the limitation that it only operates based on previously acquired images independently, performing the analysis based on post-processing, no contrast physical factors or dynamic effects are included.
  • thermography refers to the study of the surface response of ultrasonic waves induced by pulsed laser light at wavelengths whose penetration depth in the test material is limited to a thin layer, at irradiation rates that could affect the integrity of the material. That is, depth of penetration is not favored and may result in an invasive process.
  • the emission of results is a consequence of the variations in the distribution of intensities in the ultrasonic signals and their thermographic expression on the surface, that is, the test source is the ultrasonic source resulting from the laser light absorption factors.
  • Figure 1. Block diagram showing the units that make up the system.
  • Figure 2. Example of application of the dynamic inspection system inside the biological tissue of a patient.
  • Figure 4. Example of a 3D ultrasound image graph.
  • the present invention relates to a dynamic inspection system for non-invasive analysis of internal structures of soft matter (2), such as functional biological material.
  • This system bases its operation on the acquisition of a collection of two-dimensional ultrasonic images called cuts, from which a three-dimensional anatomical reconstruction is carried out and referenced to a coordinate system external to the biological material and with resolution modalities in the image density;
  • the installation of the reference system is based on the spatial monitoring of the position of the ultrasonic probe used for the acquisition of the cuts, said monitoring is carried out by means of a tracking system with infrared operation, on the radio frequencies and / or through operation with magnetic field sensing, in whose modality it is called magnetic tracker.
  • the dynamic inspection system (1) of the interior of soft matter (2) operates in non-invasive mode and comprises the following elements: an ultrasonic wave induction unit (3) acting on said soft matter (2), a unit of sensed hundred ultrasonic waves (4), a temperature gradient induction unit (5) on and / or within said soft matter (2), a thermographic image acquisition unit (6) of said soft matter (2) ; a spatial reference unit (7) that works in conjunction with said ultrasonic wave sensing unit (4) with respect to said soft matter (2); at least one logical unit for data and image processing (8) and at least one unit for displaying information in image and / or data format (9), as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the ultrasonic wave induction unit (3) and the ultrasonic wave sensing unit (4) are integrated in an ultrasonic probe and an electronic interface that acts as an emitter and sensor of ultrasonic waves; said ultrasonic probe corresponds to commercial arrangements of emitting elements and sensors with response in the frequency range between 1 MHz to 15 MHz.
  • Said ultrasonic probe allows the orderly acquisition of image segments referred to as cuts, as shown in Figure 3, the which are unitary and / or sequential and are referred to a spatial reference unit (7), where said position in the space of the ultrasound probe is established by a physical reference system, which can be a system of reflective spheres, which allow to identify the position and spatial orientation of the ultrasonic probe when positioned on the soft matter sample (2).
  • the ultrasonic probe in the ultrasonic wave sensor mode (4) it records the mechanical waves indicated under conditions that allow the formation of ultrasonic images.
  • the temperature gradient induction unit (5) in one embodiment, consists of a surface application element of a fluid on the outermost surface of the soft matter (2) that allows a variation in its temperature, either by extracting or providing heat, although other means can be used for induction of temperature gradients.
  • the temperature gradient induction unit (5) consists of a surface application element of a laminar regime fluid on the outermost surface of the soft matter sample (2); with this a temperature change is achieved simultaneously and symmetrically on a reference region and a region under analysis of the soft matter sample (2).
  • the temperature change on the soft matter sample (2) can be achieved in two ways, by cooling or by heating; In the first embodiment, the fluid must have a temperature of between 10 ° C and up to the ambient temperature of the sample surface, said fluid can be, for example, a gas or a cooling liquid such as nitrogen, cold air, cold water, etc .; in the second mode, said fluid has a temperature that can range from the temperature recorded on the surface of the sample and up to 45 ° C. In another modality of the temperature gradient induction unit (5), it consists of An in-depth application element.
  • the application element in depth in one embodiment of the invention, is a pulsed laser in the near infrared range, with a pulse width between 1.0 microseconds and 100 picoseconds, ensuring that the energy flow does not exceed 20 mJ / cm 2 , and is applied on the surface of the sample of soft matter at a frequency with repetition of 10Hz to 100Hz, so that the radiation generated by said pulsed laser is in the wavelength range between 700nm and 2000nm , that is, at creep rates below the damage limit (permanent alteration of physical, chemical and / or biological properties).
  • the temperature gradients (5) thus induced travel within the sample of soft matter (2) and to the outside by thermal diffusion or by mechanical propagation, due to thermoelastic expansion, at ultrasonic frequencies within the response range of the ultrasonic wave sensing unit (4).
  • Another in-depth application element that can be used in the present invention is a radio frequency source, which operates in the range of 1 MHz to 5 GHz, that is, medium frequency (MF) to ultra high frequency (UHF); In addition, it has an energy density of less than 20 mJ / cm 2 .
  • the objective of the application of the temperature gradient is to extract qualitative and / or quantitative information of the thermal diffusivity of the material under study, as well as the recovery time of the reference temperature by means of the thermographic image acquisition unit (6), the which consists of a thermal imager.
  • thermographic images are performed in a unitary and / or sequential manner, based on the registration of temperature gradients on distant surfaces that have known thermal emissivity and are located in a constant temperature and humidity environment. This allows the comparison of a temporal sequence of thermographic images with a reference image taken without contrast or thermal gradient and called a reference image.
  • thermo diffusivity is closely related to the rate of metabolic heat generation and blood perfusion, so it is possible to acquire sequentially a collection of individual images and / or of temporal sequences of thermographic images of the functional biological material, with controlled and non-invasive stimulation, for the induction of thermal contrast effects above and / or below the reference emission temperature.
  • the comparison of images of the reference object and the test object, over the period of recovery of the reference temperature allows for differential studies to be carried out as a function of time.
  • the comparison is carried out between the dynamic image against the image referred to the reference temperature, it is possible to perform differential studies of spatial and temporal evolution of the temperature distribution, in which case the qualitative output information is the diffusivity value of the functional biological material under study, in one modality it is the direct value and in another modality it is the differential value as a function of time.
  • the acquisition of images of at least two similar tissue regions, previously subjected to a referred thermal contrast is performed simultaneously and / or sequentially under ambient conditions controlled at room temperature. with fluctuations of no more than 0.5 ° C, with feedback to the thermographic system on the values of ambient relative humidity and blockage of air flow flows.
  • the images so acquired may or may not be compared with the corresponding images of a second image acquisition performed under the same conditions of controlled environment and thermal contrast treatment, this at different times.
  • thermographic images acquired through the thermographic image acquisition unit (6) allow dynamic studies on the evolution of the thermal emissivity of the soft matter sample (2) and can be acquired: in frontal shots based on a origin 0 or, in symmetrical angles referred to a source at 0 or at angles +/- 45 ° referenced to an origin 0 or or other angles depend on the problem of interest.
  • thermographic image acquisition unit (6) has solid state information recording elements, called bolometers, which are thermally calibrated based on the wavelength range or wave number or frequencies, depending on the designation of operating units and are arranged in matrix arrangements of nxm; where the density of the bolometers determines the spatial resolution of the image and the temperature sensitivity of the bolometers determines the resolution in the image contrast.
  • bolometers record the distribution of thermal emission on soft matter (2) and operate under the Stefan-Boltzmann Law.
  • the ultrasonic wave induction unit (3) and the ultrasonic wave sensing unit (4) work operatively with a spatial reference unit (7), which allows constant monitoring of the position of the ultrasonic probe from The ultrasonic wave induction unit (3) by tracking the emission and reception of low-intensity and harmless radio frequencies for living beings, using refiectometry and / or radar techniques from the emission and reception of signals in the range of the infrared using optical sensing systems, that is, said monitoring is carried out by recording the deformation of low intensity and harmless magnetic fields for living beings, using the principles of capacitance, that is, the principle of operation of accelerometers .
  • Thermographic images and ultrasound images are processed by means of the logical unit of data and image processing (8), which has one or several algorithms contained in at least one logical storage unit, by means of which it is executed a process that includes the stages of; conditioning of images obtained by the thermographic image acquisition unit (6), rotation of said conditioned thermographic images, scaling of the rotated thermographic images, spatial location of the scaled thermographic images, reconstruction of images from the 2D and 3D ultrasonic wave sensing unit, and fusion of the thermographic images located with the reconstructed ultrasound images with what an image like the one shown in Figure 5 is obtained.
  • the image conditioning step comprises image manipulation operations such as noise filtering and / or statistical analysis and / or pattern recognition and / or image segmentation and / or color palette change and / or binarization and / or Quantification algorithms
  • the rotation of said conditioned thermographic images and scaling of the rotated thermographic images refers to the spatial reference unit (7).
  • the logical unit of data and image processing (8) has computer programs or algorithms contained in logical storage units and / or in defined memory locations and / or in the cache memory of a processor or hardware. These algorithms generate a flow of data that is processed within a computer system contained in said logical processing unit, where through the use of the different image manipulation stages and their combinations, they allow the user to define and identify specific areas for: Segment areas of interest into two intensity values, determine areas of image analysis, identify anomalies through the relationship between marker indices referred to as Euler's number, extract quantitative information on area distributions, temperature distributions, thermal properties and percentage distributions.
  • an information display unit in the format of images and / or data (9), which allows to present the merged information of three-dimensional ultrasonic images with the thermographic images; In addition, it allows the simultaneous three-dimensional manipulation in real time of soft matter, allowing to observe complete views, make cuts, mark areas of interest, without losing parameters of spatial scaling and thermal emissivity.
  • this system is used to assist in the diagnosis and / or prognosis and / or planning and / or medical treatment in the area of, but not limited to, breast cancer and / or diabetic foot and / or the study Soft tissue Taking as shown in Figure 6, it is important to mention that the image processing performed by the logical unit of data and image processing (8), begins with the determination of the maximum temperature (MT) for the first image obtained from the matter soft (2). Equivalently, the color vector value is obtained for which it corresponds to the MT. Subsequently, the areas of interest are extracted from the soft matter (2), in this case by way of example, said soft matter (2) is divided into the left hemisphere and right hemisphere.
  • MT maximum temperature
  • the algorithm is executed and produces output information independently for the left hemisphere and for the right hemisphere, under the underlying hypothesis that both hemispheres are symmetric by conditions of symmetry of the vascular network, that is, in the basal state, the difference between the ratio of areas as defined in this algorithm is less than 20%, which is estimated as the fraction of underlying thermal noise.
  • the numerical comparison between hemispheres defines a parameter of symmetry and / or asymmetry, as the case may be, so that the more similar the numerical values are, that is to say symmetrical results, the probability of the existence of an anomaly is low; while the more different the values between hemispheres, that is to say asymmetric result, the probability of existence of some functional alteration is greater.
  • the hot regions are segmented by setting a threshold equal to MT, that is, the regions of interest whose pixels are greater than MT are separated and equal to zero, the rest of the pixels are set to a value of one, thus obtaining a binary image with segmented hot spots.
  • a threshold equal to MT
  • the areas of interest are labeled and defined as gaps since they appear with a value equal to zero, this is done for each area of interest where the sum of the areas of the gaps is calculated, this procedure is applied for each hemisphere.
  • the ratio of hollow area to total area of each selected hemisphere portion defines an index and the range of difference between indices defines the asymmetry of the right to left hemisphere, with which the potential existence of a functional alteration in the matter can be determined soft (2).
  • the number of gaps is defined by the Euler number as:
  • the background of the image is defined by the set of pixels that are not in the objects of interest and that touch the edge of the image and the gaps are the related components of the pixels that are not in the object and that are not in the background they represent.
  • thermographic image i + 1 the fusion between the thermographic image i + 1 and the current t-time cut is obtained obtaining the fused image f + 1, for which use is made of a retro-projection of merged images under the following sequence f + t, f + t - 1, ..., f + 1, with which you can obtain the depth of a possible alteration in the soft matter (2) with the dynamic information of areas and temperatures in the dynamic image with fusion.
  • thermal contrast is induced and spatial synchronization is established between the acquisition of a thermographic image and the acquisition of a sequence of ultrasound images of a portion of anatomical volume and referred to an external coordinate system defined by a spatial reference unit (7), referred to the anatomical volume and the reconstructed one in mutual spatial correspondence
  • the spatial reference unit (7) allows to define a physical mapping of scale correspondence and spatial orientation between three-dimensional ultrasound reconstruction and thermography.
  • This differential analysis refers to the comparison of images of the same anatomical portion, but acquired at different time points throughout the process of recovering the reference temperature after having been subjected to thermal contrast.
  • the differential analysis performed by said system through the logical unit of data and image processing (8) refers to the comparison of two images of a symmetrically equivalent anatomical portion (right and left), acquired at the same time along the reference temperature recovery path after being subjected to thermal contrast.
  • thermographic images of the region of interest in one mode, is given in an average of seven minutes, in which shots are taken at angles that can vary from zero to 90 degrees with and without thermal contrast. Given the duration and objective of the study, during the acquisition of images it is required that the patient be in a resting condition, with the region of interest discovered and that said region preferably undergo mechanical stress so that the vascularization system is more noticeable.
  • thermographic image acquisition unit (6) leveled on the three xyz axes, in addition to the adjustments such as: the focus and the necessary framing such that the image is sharp, the scale of temperature ranging from the order of 31.0 ° C to 39.0 ° C, gray scale and emissivity of 0.95 (corresponding to the emissivity of the human body).
  • the relative humidity and ambient temperature as well as the patient-chamber distance.
  • thermal contrast can be induced by heating and / or by cooling and / or by cooling followed by heating and / or by heating followed by cooling.
  • the region of interest occupies most of the image, that it is completely contained in the image and that it is centered; In addition, it is necessary to place a spatial and thermal reference in the region of interest, which allows us to standardize the image.
  • the image processing or tomographic reconstruction is mostly done by filtered backprojection ⁇ Filtered Back Projection FBP) or iterative reconstruction ⁇ Iterative Reconstruction IR).
  • FBP Filtered Back Projection
  • IR iterative Reconstruction IR
  • the choice of technique depends on the desired accuracy and the computation time required, since the FBP requires less processing resources but the IR produces fewer errors.
  • the processing and analysis of thermal images acquired from soft matter (2) is carried out under the recommendations of the Glamorgan thermography acquisition protocol ⁇ Ammer, 2008) and adapted to the particular requirements of space, lighting, thermal sources, and instrumentation; however it is extensible to any part of the human body that involves right and left hemispheres.
  • the distribution of temperature is governed by the blood supply of the vascular network, which, within certain limits, maintains a symmetry between the right and left hemisphere of the human body.
  • this network undergoes some alteration, its distribution and the temperature patterns associated with it are modified, affecting said symmetry.
  • This allows the affected areas to be located relatively easily through IR thermography for analysis.
  • the system of the present invention applies a non-invasive dynamic inspection process of the interior of soft matter, which comprises the steps of:
  • thermographic images D. fusion of thermographic images with ultrasound images.
  • thermographic images For the acquisition of the ultrasonic images (Al), a first unit shot of the ultrasonic image is made, which serves as a reference to perform a 3D reconstruction with the subsequent images.
  • the acquisition of thermographic images (A2) can be unitary or sequentially in 2D; for sequential taking of thermographic images it is based on a First take that is used as a reference and then take shots in time sequences.
  • thermographic image acquisition unit (6) The thermal images acquired by the thermographic image acquisition unit (6), are performed sequentially and / or unitary, which allows dynamic studies on the evolution of the thermal emissivity of the soft matter sample and the comparison of a temporal sequence of thermographic images with a reference image taken without thermal contrast and which is called an image with distribution of reference and / or baseline temperatures.
  • thermography 2D by construction and this one is taken as a reference, then time sequences are taken, where said images, in a fusion process, are projected onto the 3D volume generated from the ultrasound images in the form of cuts ( as shown in figure 5).
  • thermographic images the evolution over time of the patterns observed is measured. This results in a value (Euler's number) that is associated with depth and anomaly dimensions. With all this, it is proposed to define reference conditions to issue diagnosis / prognosis. It is important to mention that the acquisition of the sequence of thermal images is carried out at symmetrical angles referring to an origin at 0 or , which depend on the problem of interest, so they can vary according to the analysis needs; This sequence of thermographic images are projected onto the 3D volume formed by the ultrasound images that are generated by the ultrasonic wave induction unit and acquired by the ultrasonic wave sensing unit.
  • thermographic image conditioning stage where the rotation of said conditioned thermographic images is carried out, the scaling of the rotated thermographic images, the spatial location of the thermographic images scaling and reconstruction of images from the ultrasonic wave sensing unit (4) in 2D and 3D.
  • said thermographic image conditioning stage performs image manipulation operations such as; noise filtering and / or statistical analysis and / or pattern recognition and / or segmentation of images and / or change of color palette and / or binarization and / or quantification algorithms referred to as system output data.
  • image manipulation operations such as; noise filtering and / or statistical analysis and / or pattern recognition and / or segmentation of images and / or change of color palette and / or binarization and / or quantification algorithms referred to as system output data.
  • the image conditioning stage has a computational algorithm for extracting or identifying zones or heat points from marker indices referred to as Euler's number, which is determined from the thermal output patterns associated with the depth and extension of the area and which is oriented to post-image processing, said identification of areas of interest serves to segment and determine areas of image analysis, identify anomalies through routines such as the relationship between indexes or Euler's number, and then extract quantitative information about area distributions, temperature distributions, thermal properties and percentage distributions.
  • ultrasound cuts can be manipulated for the three-dimensional anatomical reconstruction of the soft matter sample.
  • the fusion of these is carried out, that is, the superimposition of the two-dimensional thermographic images is performed on the three-dimensional ultrasonic image, allowing to form a 3D image,
  • This fusion is carried out under equivalent conditions, in order to establish an image comparison relationship directly and to perform the comparison of three-dimensional ultrasonic images with the sequence of two-dimensional thermographic images.
  • thermography images with heat diffusion theory can be performed to make a comparison of temporal sequences and differential analysis of said thermography images and / or Euler's number as a function of time and thus obtain the coefficient of thermal diffusion corresponding to the soft matter, or biological material, and estimate the rate of heat diffusion and the depth at which the heat source is, since Euler's number is associated with the depth and dimensions of some anomaly in soft matter, with which reference conditions can be defined to issue a diagnosis / prognosis.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système dynamique non invasif pour l'analyse de structures internes de matière biologique dans le but d'émettre un diagnostic et/ou un pronostic quantitatif et/ou qualitatif, à partir de l'acquisition et/ou la formation d'images de manière simultanée et/ou indépendante des conditions qui permettent la fusion, la comparaison, l'addition, la soustraction et/ou la manipulation de manière équivalente. Le fonctionnement dudit système repose sur des séquences temporelles d'images thermographiques qui sont fusionnées avec des séquences d'images d'ultrasons, ledit fonctionnement étant appelé fusion dynamique. Les images en fusion sont des images thermographiques et des images de coupes spécifiques d'une reconstruction tridimensionnelle des signaux d'ultrason, dont les résultats sont représentés dans une projection en 3D de forme complexe. Le fonctionnement peut se faire en temps réel à basse résolution d'image et/ou à haute résolution d'image.
PCT/MX2012/000115 2012-11-09 2012-11-09 Système et procédé d'inspection dynamique de l'intérieur d'une matière molle WO2014073944A1 (fr)

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