WO2014067445A1 - 一种消息确认的方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种消息确认的方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014067445A1
WO2014067445A1 PCT/CN2013/086128 CN2013086128W WO2014067445A1 WO 2014067445 A1 WO2014067445 A1 WO 2014067445A1 CN 2013086128 W CN2013086128 W CN 2013086128W WO 2014067445 A1 WO2014067445 A1 WO 2014067445A1
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Prior art keywords
frame
time
access point
terminal
sent
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Application number
PCT/CN2013/086128
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈济
丁志明
权荣训
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华为终端有限公司
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Application filed by 华为终端有限公司 filed Critical 华为终端有限公司
Priority to EP13852060.6A priority Critical patent/EP2914050B1/en
Publication of WO2014067445A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014067445A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information

Definitions

  • a request frame such as a PS-Poll (Power Save Poll)
  • PS-Poll Power Save Poll
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • NDP PS-Poll NDP is the abbreviation of No Data Packet, which means that there is no data part, that is, there is no MAC layer part, only the meaning of the physical head.
  • the NDP PS-Poll since the NDP PS-Poll is so short that it cannot hold the 48-bit basic service set identifier (BSSID), that is, the destination address, only the short one can be used.
  • BSSID basic service set identifier
  • the destination address such as 9 bits, is calculated from the original 48-bit long destination address or obtained by other methods.
  • PBSSID Partial BSSID
  • PBSSID Partial BSSID
  • the restricted AP must send an ACK acknowledgement frame after receiving the NDP PS-Poll, and then send the downlink data instead of directly sending the downlink data.
  • the STA will hear the ACKs returned by multiple APs at the same time. At this time, these ACKs are interfered with each other.
  • the STA cannot be distinguished. It is possible to hear only the ACK sent by the AP associated with it. It is also possible to hear only the ACK sent by another AP.
  • Short ACK with an ACK_ID Similar to PS-Poll, a new ACK structure has also been proposed, which is also only a physical header.
  • the frame structure of this new ACK is called short ACK.
  • Short ACK with an ACK_ID Short ACK with an ACK_ID
  • ACK The ID carries some information.
  • the STA that receives the short ACK uses the ACK-ID information to identify whether the short ACK is sent to itself.
  • the ACK-ID of the prior art is calculated by using some information in the frame that it confirms. For example, the STA sends a frame framel to the AP, and the AP calculates the ACK-ID by using some information of the frame 1.
  • ACK—ID is included in the short ACK and sent to the STA. After receiving the STA, the STA knows that the short ACK is sent to itself, and is a confirmation reply to the framel sent by itself.
  • the inventors of the present invention found that when framel is NDP PS-Poll, if a PBSSID collision occurs, multiple APs return a short ACK, and the ACK_ID in these short ACKs All are calculated with reference to the same NDP PS-Poll, so these ACK-IDs are the same, then after the STA receives the short ACK, it can't judge whether the short ACK is sent to itself by the associated AP.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for message acknowledgment, so that a terminal can distinguish which access point the received acknowledgment message is from when an address conflict of an access point occurs. That is, the terminal can determine whether the received acknowledgment message is sent by the associated access point.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for message confirmation, including: sending a beacon frame;
  • the terminal of the acknowledgment frame determines whether the acknowledgment frame is an expected acknowledgment frame for the offset time, the time at which the acknowledgment frame is received, and the time when the beacon frame is recently received.
  • the foregoing method for confirming a message is applied to wireless fidelity communication
  • the uplink frame is a downlink data request frame
  • the sending address in the downlink data request frame is Decoding a compressed terminal address of the terminal
  • the receiving address in the downlink data request frame is a compressed access point address of the access point
  • the unit of the offset time Greater than the timing unit that controls the transmission of the beacon frame and the acknowledgement frame.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides another method for message confirmation, including: receiving a beacon frame sent by a first access point;
  • the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset time is a time when the access point that sends the acknowledgement frame sends the acknowledgement frame and a time when the last beacon frame is sent Poor
  • the second offset time is a difference between a time when the acknowledgement frame is received and a time when the beacon frame is received
  • the method for confirming the message may be applied to wireless fidelity communication.
  • the uplink frame is a downlink data request frame
  • the sending address in the downlink data request frame is the a compressed terminal address of the terminal
  • a receiving address in the downlink data request frame is a compressed access point address of the first access point
  • the unit of the first offset time is greater than the control The timing unit for transmitting beacon frames and acknowledgment frames.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point for message confirmation, including a first sending unit, a receiving unit, a second sending unit, and a first timing unit;
  • the first sending unit is configured to send a beacon frame
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive an uplink frame sent by the terminal;
  • a second sending unit configured to send an acknowledgement frame according to the uplink frame received by the receiving unit, where the acknowledgement frame includes an offset time calculated by the first timing unit, so that the terminal that receives the acknowledgement frame is configured according to Determining, by the offset time, the time when the acknowledgement frame is received, and the time when the beacon frame was last received, whether the acknowledgement frame is an expected acknowledgement frame;
  • the first timing unit is configured to record a time at which the acknowledgement frame is transmitted and a time at which the beacon frame is transmitted, and determine a difference between the two as an offset time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal for message confirmation, including a first receiving unit, a sending unit, a second receiving unit, a second timing unit, and a determining unit;
  • the first receiving unit is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by the first access point
  • the sending unit is configured to send an uplink frame to the first access point
  • the second receiving unit is configured to receive an acknowledgement frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset time is a time when an access point that sends an acknowledgement frame sends the acknowledgement frame and sends the acknowledgement frame The difference between one beacon frame time;
  • the second timing unit is configured to record a time when the acknowledgement frame is received and a time when the beacon frame is received, and determine a difference between the two as a second offset time;
  • the determining unit is configured to compare the first offset time and the second offset time, and if the difference between the two is within a preset error range, determining that the acknowledgement frame is the first access An acknowledgment frame for the upstream frame is clicked.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for message confirmation, including a first access point and a terminal;
  • the first access point is configured to send a beacon frame and an uplink frame sent by the receiving terminal, and send an acknowledgement frame to the uplink frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset
  • the shift time is a difference between a time at which the acknowledgement frame is transmitted and a time at which the beacon frame is transmitted;
  • the terminal is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by the first access point and to the first access Sending an uplink frame, and receiving an acknowledgement frame, and calculating a second offset time, where the second offset time is a difference between a time when the acknowledgement frame is received and a time when the beacon frame is received, and the comparison is performed.
  • An offset time and the second offset time if the difference between the two is within a preset error range, determining that the acknowledgement frame is an acknowledgement frame of the first access point to the uplink frame.
  • the access point sends a beacon frame
  • the terminal sends an uplink frame to the access point
  • the access point that receives the uplink frame sends the uplink frame.
  • An acknowledgement frame where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, that is, a difference between a time when the access point sends the acknowledgement frame and a time when the beacon frame is sent, and the terminal calculates a second offset time, that is, the terminal And comparing the first offset time and the second offset time, if the difference between the two is within a preset error range, determining the acknowledgement frame It is an acknowledgment frame of the access point to the uplink frame.
  • an acknowledgement frame is sent to the terminal, but each The first offset time included in the acknowledgement frame sent by the access point is different, and the terminal starts timing to obtain the second offset time from the time of receiving the beacon frame sent by the associated access point, so the terminal calculates Second offset time and The first offset time of the connected access point is consistent, so the terminal can compare the second offset time calculated by itself with the first offset time in the received acknowledgement frame, if the difference between the two is Within the preset error range, it may be determined that the acknowledgement frame is an acknowledgement frame of the access point associated with the uplink frame, so that it can be determined whether the received acknowledgement frame is an expected acknowledgement frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a message confirmation method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a message confirmation method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an access point for message confirmation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another access point for message confirmation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal for confirming a message according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal for confirming a message according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a device, and a system for confirming a message, so that the terminal can distinguish which access point the received confirmation message is from when the address conflict of the access point occurs. That is, it is determined whether the acknowledgement message received by the terminal is sent by the access point to which it is associated. The details are described below separately.
  • the message receiver sends an acknowledgement frame (Acknowledgement, ACK for short) to the message sender.
  • This mechanism means that after receiving the data sent by the sender, the receiver sends an ACK to the sender, so that the sender knows that the data has been received by the receiver.
  • the propagation mode of messages can be divided into broadcast, multicast and unicast. Broadcast and multicast are one-to-many transmissions. Unicast is one-to-one transmission. Generally, only unicast will be required to send ACK.
  • the WiFi network consists of an Access Point (AP) that provides access services to multiple stations (STAs, APs). Information exchange between STAs via wireless signals.
  • AP and STA are two typical nodes in a WiFi network. When any two nodes in the WiFi transmit data, if it is a unicast transmission mode, the receiver will reply the sender with an ACK, so that the sender knows that the transmission is successful.
  • an AP that is a network center node periodically broadcasts a beacon frame.
  • the English name is Beacon.
  • the Beacon carries information about the network, including the name, frequency, and Beacon period.
  • the STA detects the existence of the AP by listening to the Beacon. And, as needed, associate with the AP and perform subsequent communication.
  • the STA can enter the sleep state according to the situation, so as to save power. During the sleep process, it is necessary to wake up periodically to listen to the Beacon, so as to know the situation of the network, the period can be a Beacon period or a number of Beacon periods. Times, of course, can not sleep.
  • the TIM (traffic indication map) carried in the Beacon notifies the STA.
  • the TIM (traffic indication map) is an indication of the cached data carried in the Beacon.
  • the role of the TIM is to indicate which STAs associated with the AP have downlink data cached on the AP, so the sleeping STA wakes up.
  • the STA will send a request frame to the AP, called PS-Poll, telling the AP that I am awake, can send me my downlink data, and the AP will receive PS-Poll.
  • PS-Poll a request frame to the AP
  • the STA can directly return its downlink data to the STA. It can also send an acknowledgement frame (Acknowledgement, ACK for short) to the STA. Then, the STA is awake and waits for the AP to send downlink data.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for message confirmation, which includes:
  • acknowledgement frame to the uplink frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes an offset time, where the offset time is a difference between a time when the acknowledgement frame is sent and a time when the beacon frame is sent, to receive the
  • the terminal of the acknowledgment frame determines whether the acknowledgment frame is an expected acknowledgment frame for the offset time, the time at which the acknowledgment frame is received, and the time when the beacon frame is most recently received.
  • the method for message confirmation provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to wireless fidelity communication. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the access point sends the beacon frame, and before the acknowledgement frame is sent, the uplink frame sent by the terminal is received, otherwise the access point does not send the acknowledgement frame, where The access point can be a base station in a wireless communication network.
  • the uplink frame may be a downlink data request frame
  • the sending address in the downlink data request frame may be a compressed terminal address of the terminal
  • the receiving address in the downlink data request frame may be a compressed connection of the access point.
  • Incoming address for example, a 48-bit terminal address or access point address can be compressed into a 9-bit terminal address or an access point address when the address and/or destination is sent. After the compressed address is used, the number of bits occupied by the uplink frame is reduced, thereby reducing the burden of network transmission.
  • the acknowledgement frame may not include the address information of the access point and the terminal, because the acknowledgement frame sent by each access point in the embodiment of the present invention includes an offset time, and the acknowledgement sent by each access point
  • the offset time in the frame is also different, so the offset time can be used as the distinguishing of the access point, so the address information of the access point in the acknowledgment frame can be removed, thereby reducing the number of bits occupied by the acknowledgment frame, thereby reducing network transmission.
  • the burden is confirmed, and the acknowledgement frame is returned to the terminal by the access point for the uplink frame sent by the terminal. Therefore, the address information of the terminal in the acknowledgement frame can be further removed, thereby reducing the network transmission load.
  • the unit of the offset time in the embodiment of the present invention may be larger than the time unit of transmitting the beacon frame and the acknowledgement frame, so that the transmission offset time occupies a small number of bits. Since the offset time is a difference between a time at which the beacon frame is transmitted and a time at which the acknowledgement frame is transmitted, it is assumed that a time unit for recording the time when the beacon frame is transmitted to when the acknowledgement frame is transmitted is 1 microsecond, converting a unit of the interval from the transmission of the beacon frame to the transmission of the confirmation frame into a larger unit, for example, converting a time unit of 1 microsecond into a time unit of 256 microseconds, thus, The time value of the interval time is reduced, so that the number of bits occupied by this time value can be reduced, thereby reducing the network load.
  • a new method for calculating the ACK-ID of the frame is performed, and the ACK_ID carries some information, and the terminal that receives the acknowledgement frame identifies whether the acknowledgement frame is sent by the ACK_ID information. If it is the access point address conflict, that is, the address conflict of the access point included in the uplink frame (such as the PBSSID conflict), the terminal receiving the acknowledgement frame can also determine whether the acknowledgement frame is It is for yourself.
  • the method for calculating the ACK_ID of the acknowledgement frame in the embodiment of the present invention includes: the access point sends the beacon frame, and records the time at which the beacon frame is sent, and the access point sends the received by the terminal. After the uplink frame, the acknowledgement frame for the uplink frame is sent, and the time at which the acknowledgement frame is sent is recorded, so that the interval between the transmit beacon frame and the transmit acknowledgement frame is obtained, which is recorded as the offset time, and the offset time is set.
  • the acknowledgement frame carries the ACK_ID and is sent to the terminal, and the acknowledgement frame may not include the address information of the access point and/or the terminal.
  • the access point first sends a beacon frame to the terminal, and records the transmission time t1;
  • the terminal receives the beacon frame sent by the access point associated with the terminal, and records the time t1 of receiving the beacon frame.
  • the terminal determines whether it has data cached in the access point according to the TIM carried in the beacon frame. If the terminal sends a downlink data request frame to the access point, the receiving address of the downlink data request frame may use the compressed access point address, and/or the sending address of the downlink data request frame may use the compressed terminal. address;
  • the access point After receiving the downlink data request frame, the access point returns an acknowledgement frame to the terminal after a short Inter Interframe Space (SIFS) time, that is, time t2, and the acknowledgement frame includes an ACK— ID, where ACK_ID carries t2-tl, where SIFS is a limitation of the WiFi network;
  • SIFS short Inter Interframe Space
  • the terminal After receiving the acknowledgement frame, the terminal records the time t2' at which the acknowledgement frame is received, and reads t2-tl carried in the ACK_ID in the acknowledgement frame, and then calculates t2'-tl', and t2'-tl' Compared with t2-tl, if their difference is within the preset error range, it means that the acknowledgement frame received by the terminal is sent to itself by its own access point.
  • the time at which the terminal receives the beacon frame is slightly larger than the time at which the access point associated with the terminal transmits the beacon frame, but considering the transmission speed of the wireless signal is 300,000. Kilometers per second, that is, 300 meters per microsecond, and the distance between the access point and the terminal in the WiFi network is generally tens of meters to hundreds of meters, and the transmission time is generally less than 1 microsecond, so in this embodiment, It is considered that the transmission time of the access point associated with the terminal is equal to the reception time of the terminal.
  • tl is equal to tl'
  • t2 is equal to t2'.
  • the unit of the offset time is greater than the timing unit for controlling the transmission of the beacon frame and the acknowledgment frame, so that the offset time occupies a smaller number of bits.
  • the second offset time is a difference between a time when the acknowledgement frame is received and a time when the beacon frame is received
  • the access point herein may be a base station in a wireless communication network
  • the method for message confirmation provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to wireless fidelity communication.
  • the uplink frame may be a downlink data request frame, and the sending address in the downlink data request frame is a compressed terminal address of the terminal, and/or the receiving address in the downlink data request frame is a compressed access of the access point.
  • Point address is a compressed terminal address of the terminal, and/or the receiving address in the downlink data request frame is a compressed access of the access point.
  • the foregoing acknowledgement frame may not include address information of the access point and the terminal; the unit of the first offset time is greater than a timing unit for controlling the sending of the beacon frame and the acknowledgement frame, so as to occupy the first offset time. a smaller number of bits;
  • the first offset time is included in the acknowledgement frame received by the terminal, and the first offset time is associated with the sender of the acknowledgement frame, that is, the access point, and the terminal records the received beacon frame.
  • the time difference of the acknowledgement frame, that is, the second offset time, and the second offset time is consistent with the first offset time of the associated access point, so after the terminal receives the acknowledgement frame, the frame may be confirmed by comparison.
  • the carried first offset time is compared with the second offset time recorded by itself, so that it can be determined whether the acknowledgement frame is sent to the access point associated with the terminal.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for message confirmation. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • the access point AP sends a beacon frame Beacon at time t1, and the STA receives the Beacon sent by the AP connected by itself, and records the received time tl';
  • tl' is equal to tl.
  • the station STA analyzes the TIM in the Beacon, and knows that the data is cached in the AP, and then sends an uplink frame, for example, sending an NDP PS-Poll frame to the AP, requesting the AP to send downlink data. 5203.
  • the access point AP After receiving the NDP PS-Poll, the access point AP returns an acknowledgement frame to the STA after a SIFS time, that is, at time t2, such as a short ACK, where the ACK-ID in the short ACK is carried by the AP.
  • the time difference between the time t1 of the Beacon and the time t2 at which the short ACK is sent that is, t2-tl, where t2-tl is marked as time offset.
  • the SIFS here is a limitation in the WiFi network, and the time at which the short ACK is sent must be the SIFS time after receiving the data of the other party;
  • the STA After receiving the short ACK, the STA records the time t2' of receiving the short ACK, and reads the time offset carried in the ACK_ID in the short ACK;
  • the STA calculates the value of t2'-tl', and compares 12'41' with ⁇ 11 ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 861, if their difference is within a predetermined error range, it indicates that the short ACK is associated with the STA
  • the AP sends it to the STA.
  • tl' is equal to tl and t2' is equal to t2.
  • the AP/STA can accurately determine the time at which the Beacon and the short ACK are to be sent/received, and the AP and the STA each have a timer.
  • the unit of the timer is 1 micro. second.
  • the time unit of the time offset carried in the short ACK can be preset, for example, 1 millisecond, 500 microseconds, 250 microseconds, and the like.
  • ACK-ID In actual use, due to the length limitation of ACK-ID, it may be the length of ten or twenty binary digits. Therefore, it is preferable to take 256 microseconds as the time unit and 256 microseconds as the time unit because only You need to remove the last 8 bits of the timer.
  • time 2 is yy...yy microseconds, after removing the last 8 digits, it is equivalent to 256 microseconds.
  • the unit of tl', t2' and the unit of time offset can be coordinated as follows.
  • the AP sends the Beacon at time t1 and sends a short ACK at time t2, assuming a predetermined time offset.
  • the unit is 256 microseconds, then the value of time offset is (t2- tl) / 256, taking only the value of the integer part, putting the value of the integer part into the ACK_ID of the short ACK; then the STA records the receipt After the time t1 of the Beacon and the time t2' after receiving the short ACK, the value of the integer part is also calculated according to such a calculation manner, so that the value calculated by the STA is consistent with the unit of the value carried by the short ACK, of course, Other methods of value are agreed, such as rounding, as long as the AP and STA use the same calculation method.
  • the short ACK received by the STA includes a time offset
  • the time offset and the sender of the short ACK correspond to the AP
  • the STA records the time difference between the Beacon and the short ACK
  • the time difference is
  • the value of the time offset of the associated access point is substantially the same (for example, the difference between the two is within a predetermined error range), so when the STA receives the short ACK, it can compare the time offset carried in the short ACK and The time difference recorded by itself, so that it can be determined whether the short ACK is sent by the AP associated with the STA to the STA.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides another method for message acknowledgment. Referring to FIG.
  • the method includes: at time T1, the access point The API sends the beacon frame Beacon. Since the STA1 belongs to the API network, STA1 receives the Beacon and records the time T1.
  • the access point AP2 also sends the Beacon. Because STA1 does not belong to the network of AP2, STA1 does not care about this Beacon and does not record T2.
  • STA1 knows that it has data cached in the API, and then sends NDP PS-Poll, which carries a short 9-bit destination address. Since the API and the PBSSID of AP2 are the same, that is, the PBSSID conflict just happens. Therefore, both the API and the AP2 receive the NDP PS-Poll, and both think that this is for themselves, so the API and AP2 pass through a SIFS, that is, T3. At the moment, a short ACK is sent at the same time;
  • STA1 does not receive the short ACK of the API, but receives the short ACK of AP2.
  • STA1 calculates the time difference between the receipt of the Beacon and the receipt of the short ACK, that is, T3-T1.
  • the time offset carried in the short ACK is the difference between the time T3 at which the short ACK is sent by ⁇ 2 and the time T2 at which the Beacon is sent, that is, T3-T2.
  • STA1 compares and finds that the time difference calculated by itself is inconsistent with the time offset carried in the short ACK, so that it can be determined that the short ACK is not sent by its own AP.
  • STA1 knows that it has sent ND PS-Poll after passing through a SIFS, and the received short ACK is not returned by its own API, it can know that the PBSSID conflict has occurred, so it can take some measures to solve the PBSSID conflict. problem. There are many ways to do this, for example, it can no longer wait for downstream data, or it can report short-term address conflicts with its own API report.
  • the time unit carried in the short ACK is 256 microseconds, that is, the unit time of the time carried in the short ACK is 256 microseconds, if both API and AP2 send Beacon time. If the difference (T2-T1) is less than 256 microseconds, the STA will not be able to determine whether the received shortACK is sent by the AP associated with it. Therefore, during the implementation of this method, the short ACK is carried.
  • the unit time is less than or equal to the minimum time interval between two Beacons.
  • the unit time here is preset according to needs, and can be 100 microseconds, or 256 microseconds, and so on.
  • the time precision of 256 microseconds can be used to determine the received short ACK. Whether it is sent by the AP associated with it.
  • the short ACK received by the STA includes a time offset
  • the time offset and the sender of the short ACK correspond to the AP
  • the STA records the time difference between the Beacon and the short ACK, and the difference is
  • the time offset of the associated AP is the same. Therefore, when the STA receives the short ACK, it can compare the time offset carried in the short ACK with the time difference recorded by the STA, so as to determine whether the short ACK is the AP associated with the STA. Sent to yourself.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point for message confirmation. Referring to FIG. 4, the method includes: a first sending unit 401, a receiving unit 402, a second sending unit 403, and a first timing unit 404.
  • the first sending unit 401 for transmitting a beacon frame;
  • the receiving unit 402 is configured to receive an uplink frame sent by the terminal.
  • the second sending unit 403 is configured to send an acknowledgement frame according to the uplink frame received by the receiving unit 403, where the acknowledgement frame includes the offset time calculated by the first timing unit 404, so that the terminal that receives the acknowledgement frame receives the After confirming the frame, determining whether the acknowledgement frame is an expected acknowledgement frame according to the offset time, the time when the acknowledgement frame is received, and the time when the beacon frame is received recently;
  • the first timing unit 404 is configured to record a time when the second sending unit 403 sends the acknowledgement frame and a time when the first sending unit 401 sends the beacon frame, and determine a difference between the two as an offset time.
  • the first timing unit 404 of the access point confirmed by the message provided by the embodiment of the present invention records the offset time, that is, the time difference between sending the acknowledgement frame and the transmitted beacon frame, and the second sending unit 403 offsets the offset.
  • the time is sent to the terminal in the acknowledgement frame, so that the terminal can determine whether the acknowledgement frame is sent by the associated access point according to the difference between the time when the beacon frame is received and the time when the acknowledgement frame is received and the offset time. Give it to yourself.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point for message confirmation, including: a processor 501, an input device 502, and a timer 503.
  • the processor 501, the input device 502 and timer 503 can be connected by bus or other means, wherein FIG. 5 is exemplified by a bus connection;
  • the processor 501 performs the following steps: transmitting a beacon frame; if receiving an uplink frame request signal of the input device 502, sending an acknowledgement frame according to the uplink frame request signal, where the acknowledgement frame includes the offset calculated by the timer 503 Time, so that the terminal that receives the acknowledgement frame can determine whether the acknowledgement frame is an expected confirmation according to the offset time, the time of receiving the acknowledgement frame, and the time when the last received beacon frame is received after receiving the acknowledgement frame. frame;
  • the input device 502 can receive an uplink frame sent by the terminal, and send an uplink frame request signal to the processor 501.
  • the timer 503 can record the time at which the processor 501 transmits the beacon frame and transmits the acknowledgment frame, determines the difference between the two as the offset time, and transmits the offset time to the processor 501.
  • the processor 501 sends an acknowledgement frame according to the uplink frame sent by the terminal, and the acknowledgement frame includes the time difference between the beacon frame and the acknowledgement frame sent by the processor 501, so after receiving the acknowledgement frame, the terminal receives the acknowledgement frame.
  • the offset time is compared with the time difference between the received beacon frame and the acknowledgement frame.
  • the acknowledgement frame can be determined to be an acknowledgement frame expected by the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal for message confirmation, as shown in FIG. 6, comprising: a first receiving unit 601, a sending unit 602, a second receiving unit 603, a second timing unit 604, and a determining unit 605;
  • the first receiving unit 601 is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by the first access point
  • the sending unit 602 is configured to send an uplink frame to the first access point.
  • the second receiving unit 603 is configured to receive an acknowledgement frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset time is a time when the access point that sends the acknowledgement frame sends the acknowledgement frame and sends the acknowledgement frame The difference between the beacon frame moments;
  • a second timing unit 604 configured to record a time when the acknowledgement frame is received and a time when the beacon frame is received, and determine a difference between the two as a second offset time;
  • a determining unit 605 configured to compare the first offset time and the second offset time, if the difference between the two is within a preset error range, determining that the acknowledgement frame is the first access point An acknowledgement frame for the upstream frame.
  • the second receiving unit 603 in the terminal confirmed by the message provided by the embodiment of the present invention can receive the acknowledgement frame, and the acknowledgement frame includes the time when the access point sends the acknowledgement frame and the time when the last beacon frame is sent.
  • the difference between the second timing unit 604 in the terminal simultaneously calculates the time difference between the receipt of the acknowledgement frame by the terminal and the receipt of the beacon frame, so that the determining unit 605 can determine whether the acknowledgement frame is the same by comparing the two time differences.
  • the associated access point sends it to itself.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal for message confirmation, including: a first input device 701, an output device 702, a second timer 703, and a second processor 704, in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the first input device 701, the output device 702, the second timer 703, and the second processor 704 may be connected by a bus or other means, wherein FIG. 7 is exemplified by a bus connection;
  • the first input device 701 performs the following steps: acquiring a beacon frame sent by the first access point, and acquiring an acknowledgement frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset time is a connection of sending the acknowledgement frame. a difference between a time at which the ingress point transmits the acknowledgement frame and a time at which the access point transmits the last beacon frame;
  • the output device 702 may send an uplink frame to the first access point according to the beacon frame received by the first input device 701;
  • the second timer 703 can record the time when the first input device 701 receives the acknowledgement frame and receives the beacon frame, and determines the difference between the two as the second offset time;
  • the second processor 704 can obtain the first offset time and the second timing acquired by the first input device 701 The device 703 records the obtained second offset time for comparison. If the difference between the two is within the preset error range, it is determined that the acknowledgement frame acquired by the first input device 701 is the confirmation of the uplink frame by the first access point. frame.
  • the first input device 701 in the terminal of the message confirmation obtained by the embodiment of the present invention obtains the time difference between the access point sending the acknowledgement frame and the last time the beacon frame is sent, and the second timer 703 obtains the first reception by the terminal.
  • the time difference between the beacon frame sent by the access point and the received acknowledgement frame, and the second processor 704 compares the two values. When the difference between the two values is within a preset error range, It may be determined that the acknowledgement frame acquired by the first input device 701 is an acknowledgement frame of the uplink frame by the first access point.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for message confirmation, including: a first access point and a terminal; the first access point, configured to send a beacon frame and an uplink frame sent by the receiving terminal, and send the An acknowledgement frame of the uplink frame, where the acknowledgement frame includes a first offset time, where the first offset time is a difference between a time when the acknowledgement frame is sent and a time when the beacon frame is sent;
  • the terminal is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by the first access point, send an uplink frame to the first access point, receive an acknowledgement frame, and calculate a second offset time, where the second offset The time is the difference between the time when the confirmation frame is received and the time when the beacon frame is received, and compares the first offset time and the second offset time, if the difference between the two is within a preset error range And determining, by the first access point, an acknowledgement frame of the uplink frame by the first access point.
  • the first offset time is included in the acknowledgement frame received by the terminal, and the first offset time is associated with the sender of the acknowledgement frame, that is, the access point, and the terminal records the received beacon frame.
  • the time difference from the acknowledgment frame, that is, the second offset time, and the second offset time is consistent with the first offset time of the associated access point, so after the terminal receives the acknowledgment frame, the comparison frame can be confirmed by comparing
  • the first offset time carried in the comparison is compared with the second offset time recorded by the terminal. If the difference between the two is within the preset error range, it may be determined whether the acknowledgement frame is an access point associated with the terminal. Sent to yourself.
  • the access point described herein may be a base station.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种消息确认的方法、装置和系统,该方法包括接入点发送信标帧,接收终端发送的上行帧,发送对所述上行帧的确认帧,该确认帧中包含偏移时间,该偏移时间是所述接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差,接收到该确认帧的终端计算其接收该确认帧的时刻和其最近收到信标帧的时刻的差,因为该差与终端所关联的接入点所发送的确认帧中携带的偏移时间一致,所以将终端计算得到的接收确认帧的时刻和其最近收到信标帧的时刻的差与该确认帧中携带的偏移时间进行比较,若两者的差在预设的误差范围内,则可以确定终端所接收到的确认帧是其所关联的接入点发送的。

Description

一种消息确认的方法、 装置和系统 本申请要求于 2012年 10月 29日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210420869.2中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请 中。
技术领域 本发明涉及通信技术领域, 具体涉及一种消息确认的方法、 装置和系 统。 背景技术 在通信网络中, 请求帧如 PS-Poll(Power Save Poll, 省电模式帧)都有定 义好的帧结构, 包括物理头部分和介质访问控制层( Media Access Control, 简称 MAC )部分, 后来进一步发展, 一种新的 PS-Poll结构被提出来, 这 种新结构也起到 PS-Poll的功能, 但是比较精简, 减轻了网络传输的负担, 这种新结构只有物理头部分, 称作 NDP PS-Poll , NDP是 No Data Packet的 简写, 是说没有数据部分, 即没有 MAC层部分, 只有物理头的意思。
NDP PS-Poll被使用之后, 由于 NDP PS-Poll比较短, 以至于它不能装 下 48位的基本服务集识别符( basic service set identifier, 简称 BSSID ), 也 即目的地址,只能使用短的目的地址, 比如 9位, 这 9位地址是通过原来那 48位的长的目的地址计算出来的, 或者经过其它方法得到的。 我们把这个 短的目的地址叫做 PBSSID ( Partial BSSID ), 即一部分的 BSSID。 但是不 管怎么样, 由于地址太短, 就容易发生地址冲突, 即 PBSSID冲突。 冲突的 表现就是, 一个站点 ( Station, 简称 STA )发送了 NDP PS-Poll, 同时有两 个或者两个以上的接入点( Access Point, 简称 AP )收到了, 这些 AP经过 判断, 都以为这个 NDP PS-Poll是发给自己的, 因为它们的 PBSSID是一样 的。 由于下行数据帧一般都比确认帧 (Acknowledgement, 简称 ACK )要 长, 为了防止在 PBSSID冲突的情况下, AP直接发送的下行数据帧跟其他 AP同时发送的下行数据帧或者 ACK确认帧发生干扰, 而导致较长时间的 浪费, 因此有人提出限定 AP收到 NDP PS-Poll后必须先发送一个 ACK确 认帧, 然后再发送下行的数据, 而不是直接发送下行数据。 但是此时 STA 会听到多个 AP同时返回的 ACK, 这时候这些 ACK相互之间是有干扰的,
STA区分不出来, 有可能只听到自己关联的 AP发送的 ACK, 也有可能只 听到其它某个 AP发送的 ACK。
与 PS-Poll类似, 一种新的 ACK结构也被提了出来, 也是只有物理头, 这种新的 ACK的帧结构叫做 short ACK。 short ACK中带有一个 ACK— ID ,
ACK— ID里面携带有一些信息, 接收 short ACK的 STA通过 ACK— ID的信 息来识别这个 short ACK是否是发给自己的。 现有技术的 ACK— ID是通过 它所确认的那一帧中的一些信息来进行计算的, 比如, STA给 AP发了一个 帧 framel , AP通过 frame 1的一些信息计算得到 ACK— ID, 把 ACK— ID包 含在 short ACK中, 发送给 STA, STA收到以后, 就知道这个 short ACK就 是发给自己的, 是对自己发送的 framel的一个确认回复。
但是, 在对此方法的研究和实践过程中, 本发明的发明人发现, 当 framel是 NDP PS-Poll时,如果发生 PBSSID冲突,多个 AP返回 short ACK, 而这些 short ACK里面的 ACK— ID都是参考了相同的 NDP PS-Poll计算出来 的, 因此这些 ACK— ID都是一样的, 那么 STA收到 short ACK以后, 就没 法判断 short ACK是不是自己关联的 AP发给自己的。
发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种消息确认的方法、 装置和系统, 以期在发生接 入点的地址冲突的情况下, 终端也能区分出收到的确认消息是来自于哪一 个接入点, 也即终端能判断收到的确认消息是不是其所关联的接入点发送 的。
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种消息确认的方法, 包括: 发送信标帧;
接收终端发送的上行帧;
发送对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含偏移时间, 所述偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差, 以便接收到 所述确认帧的终端 居所述偏移时间、 收到所述确认帧的时刻和其最近收 到信标帧的时刻判断所述确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 上述消息确认的方法应用于无线保真通 信中;
在第二种可能的实现方式中, 结合第一方面, 或者结合第一方面的第 一种可能的实现方式, 上述上行帧是下行数据请求帧, 所述下行数据请求 帧中的发送地址是所述终端的压缩终端地址, 和 /或, 所述下行数据请求帧 中的接收地址是接入点的压缩接入点地址;
在第三种可能的实现方式中, 结合第一方面, 或者结合第一方面的第 一种可能的实现方式, 或者结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式, 所述 偏移时间的单位大于控制发送所述信标帧和确认帧的计时时间单位。
第二方面, 本发明实施例还提供了另一种消息确认的方法, 包括: 接收第一接入点发送的信标帧;
向所述第一接入点发送上行帧;
接收确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移时间是 发送所述确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其发送最近一次信标帧 的时刻的差;
计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是收到所述确认帧的时刻与收 到所述信标帧的时刻的差;
比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误 差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述第一接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 上述消息确认的方法可以应 用于无线保真通信中。
在第二种可能的实现方式中, 结合第二方面, 或者第二方面的第一种 可能的实现方式, 上述上行帧为下行数据请求帧, 所述下行数据请求帧中 的发送地址是所述终端的压缩终端地址, 和 /或, 所述下行数据请求帧中的 接收地址是所述第一接入点的压缩接入点地址;
在第三种可能的实现方式中, 结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 或者第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式, 上述第一偏移时间的单位大于控 制发送信标帧和确认帧的计时时间单位。
第三方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种消息确认的接入点, 包括第一 发送单元、 接收单元、 第二发送单元、 第一计时单元;
所述第一发送单元, 用于发送信标帧;
所述接收单元, 用于接收终端发送的上行帧;
第二发送单元, 用于根据所述接收单元接收的上行帧来发送确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含所述第一计时单元计算得到的偏移时间, 以便接收到所 述确认帧的终端根据所述偏移时间、 收到确认帧的时刻和其最近收到信标 帧的时刻判断所述确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧;
所述第一计时单元, 用于记录发送所述确认帧的时刻和发送所述信标 帧的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为偏移时间。
第四方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种消息确认的终端, 包括第一接 收单元、 发送单元、 第二接收单元、 第二计时单元和确定单元;
所述第一接收单元, 用于接收第一接入点发送的信标帧;
所述发送单元, 用于向所述第一接入点发送上行帧;
所述第二接收单元, 用于接收确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时 间, 所述第一偏移时间是发送确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其 发送最近一次信标帧时刻的差;
所述第二计时单元, 用于记录收到所述确认帧的时刻和收到所述信标 帧的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为第二偏移时间;
所述确定单元, 用于比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若 两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述第一接入点对所 述上行帧的确认帧。
第五方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种消息确认的系统, 包括第一接 入点和终端;
所述第一接入点, 用于发送信标帧和接收终端发送的上行帧, 并发送 对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差;
所述终端, 用于接收所述第一接入点发送的信标帧和向所述第一接入 点发送上行帧, 并接收确认帧和计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是 收到所述确认帧的时刻与收到所述信标帧的时刻的差, 比较所述第一偏移 时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述 确认帧是所述第一接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
由上可见, 本发明实施例中, 首先接入点发送信标帧, 终端收到信标 帧后向所述接入点发送上行帧, 接收到上行帧的接入点发送对所述上行帧 的确认帧, 该确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 即接入点发送所述确认帧的时 刻和发送所述信标帧的时刻的差, 所述终端计算第二偏移时间, 即终端收 到确认帧的时刻和收到信标帧的时刻的差, 并比较第一偏移时间和第二偏 移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述接入 点对所述上行帧的确认帧, 因此, 在发生接入点的地址冲突时, 尽管多个 接入点都会收到上行帧, 同时都会向终端发送确认帧, 但每个接入点发送 的确认帧中包含的第一偏移时间不相同, 并且终端是从接收到其关联的接 入点发送的信标帧的时刻开始计时得到第二偏移时间, 所以终端计算得到 的第二偏移时间与其关联的接入点的第一偏移时间是一致的, 因此终端可 以通过自身计算得到的第二偏移时间与收到的确认帧中的第一偏移时间进 行比较, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则可以确定所述确认帧是与其 关联的接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧, 从而可以判断收到的确认帧是否为 其期待的确认帧。 附图说明 图 1是本发明实施例提供的一种消息确认方法的场景示意图; 图 2是本发明实施例提供的一种消息确认方法的流程示意图; 图 3是本发明实施例提供的另一种消息确认方法的场景示意图; 图 4是本发明实施例提供的一种消息确认的接入点的结构示意图; 图 5是本发明实施例提供的另一种消息确认的接入点的结构示意图; 图 6是本发明实施例提供的一种消息确认的终端的结构示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例提供的另一种消息确认的终端的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 本发明实施例提供一种消息确认的方法、 装置和系统, 以期在发生接 入点的地址冲突的情况下, 终端也能区分出收到的确认消息是来自于哪一 个接入点, 也即判断终端收到的确认消息是不是其所关联的接入点发送的。 以下分别进行详细说明。
在对本发明的实施例进行具体说明之前, 以下对无线通信网络中的消 息传递进行一个简单的说明。
在通信网络中, 为了让消息的发送方知道其发送的消息已经被接收方 正确接收, 有一种确认回复的机制, 即消息接收方会给消息发送方发送一 个确认帧 (Acknowledgement, 简称 ACK )。 这种机制是说接收方接收到发 送方发送的数据以后, 给发送方发送一个 ACK, 这样发送方就知道数据已 经被接收方接收到了。 消息的传播方式可以分为广播、 多播和单播, 广播 和多播是一对多的传输, 单播是一对一的传输, 一般只有单播的情况下才 会需要发送 ACK。
WiFi ( Wireless Fidelity,即无线保真) 中也使用这种机制, WiFi的网络 组成是一个接入点( Access Point,简称 AP )给多个站点( Station,简称 STA ) 提供接入服务, AP和 STA之间通过无线信号进行信息交互。 AP和 STA分 别是 WiFi网络中两个典型的节点。 WiFi中的任意两个节点进行数据传输的 时候, 如果是单播的传输方式, 接收方都会给发送方回复一个 ACK, 以便 发送方知道传输成功。
WiFi网络中, 作为网络中心节点的 AP, 会周期性地广播信标帧, 英文 叫做 Beacon, Beacon中携带有网络的信息, 包括名字、 频率、 Beacon周期 等信息, STA通过监听 Beacon发现 AP的存在, 并且根据需要跟 AP进行 关联以及进行后续的通信等。 STA根据情况可以进入休眠状态, 以便于省 电, 其休眠的过程当中, 需要周期性地醒来收听 Beacon, 以便于知道网络 的情况, 这个周期可以是一个 Beacon周期, 也可以是 Beacon周期的若干 倍, 当然也可以不休眠。
当一个 STA处在休眠状态的时候, 如果这个 STA关联的 AP有下行数 据要传输给这个 STA, 那么 AP会先把这些数据緩存在 AP上, 然后通过 Beacon中携带的 TIM( traffic indication map )通知 STA。 TIM( traffic indication map )是 Beacon中携带的有緩存数据的指示, TIM的作用是指示跟这个 AP 关联的那些 STA当中, 有哪些 STA有下行的数据緩存在 AP上, 所以休眠 的 STA醒来后, 通过接收 Beacon就知道自己是否有数据緩存在 AP上。
如果知道自己有数据緩存在 AP上的话, STA会给 AP发送一个请求帧, 称为 PS-Poll, 告诉 AP我醒来了, 可以给我发送我的下行数据了, AP收到 PS-Poll以后, 可以直接给 STA返回它的下行数据, 也可以先给 STA发送 一个确认帧 (Acknowledgement, 简称 ACK ), 然后 STA—直醒着等待 AP 发送下行数据。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案, 下面将结合本发明 实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例, 而不是全部的实施 例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动 前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都应当属于本发明保护的范围。 本发明实施例公开了一种消息确认的方法, 包括:
发送信标帧;
接收终端发送的上行帧;
发送对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含偏移时间, 所述偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差, 以便接收到 所述确认帧的终端 居所述偏移时间、 收到所述确认帧的时刻和其最近收 到信标帧的时刻判断所述确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧。
本发明实施例提供的消息确认的方法可以应用于无线保真通信中。 需要说明的是, 本发明实施例中在接入点发送信标帧之后, 和发送确 认帧之前, 是会收到终端发送的上行帧的, 否则接入点就不会发送确认帧 了, 这里的接入点可以为无线通信网络中的基站。
进一步的, 上述上行帧可以为下行数据请求帧, 且下行数据请求帧中 的发送地址可以是终端的压缩终端地址, 和 /或, 下行数据请求帧中的接收 地址可以是接入点的压缩接入点地址, 例如, 可以将 48位的终端地址或者 接入点地址压缩成 9位的终端地址或者接入点地址 ,当发送地址和 /或接收地 址釆用压缩地址后, 减少了上行帧占用的比特数, 从而可以减轻网络传输 的负担。
进一步的, 确认帧中可以不包含接入点和终端的地址信息, 因为本发 明实施例中的每个接入点发送的确认帧中包含偏移时间, 并且每个接入点 所发送的确认帧中偏移时间也不相同, 因此可以用偏移时间作为接入点的 区分, 因此可以将确认帧中接入点的地址信息去除, 从而减少确认帧占用 的比特数, 从而减轻网络传输的负担, 并且确认帧是接入点针对终端发送 的上行帧而返回给终端的, 因此可以进一步将确认帧中终端的地址信息去 除, 从而减轻网络传输负担。
另外, 本发明实施例中偏移时间的单位可以大于发送信标帧和确认帧 的计时时间单位, 以便传输偏移时间占用较少的比特数。 因为所述偏移时 间是所述发送信标帧的时刻和发送所述确认帧的时刻之间的差值, 假设通 常记录发送所述信标帧到发送所述确认帧的时间的计时单位为 1微秒, 将从 发送所述信标帧到发送所述确认帧的间隔时间的单位换算成更大的单位, 例如, 将 1微秒的时间单位换算成 256微秒的时间单位, 这样, 间隔时间的 时间值就会减小, 从而可以减少这个时间值占用的比特数, 进而减轻了网 络负担。
本发明实施例中釆用一种新的计算确认帧的 ACK— ID的方法, ACK— ID 里面携带一些信息,收到确认帧的终端通过 ACK— ID的信息来识别这个确认 帧是否是发给自己的, 并且就算是发生接入点地址冲突, 即上行帧中包含 的接入点的地址冲突(如 PBSSID冲突)的情况下,接收到该确认帧的终端, 也能判断出这个确认帧是否是发给自己的。
具体说来, 本发明实施例中新的计算确认帧的 ACK— ID的方法包括: 接 入点发送信标帧, 并记录下发送该信标帧的时刻, 接入点在接收到终端发 送的上行帧后, 发送对该上行帧的确认帧, 并记录下发送该确认帧的时刻, 从而得到发送信标帧和发送确认帧之间的间隔时间, 记为偏移时间, 将偏 移时间置于 ACK— ID中, 从而确认帧携带 ACK— ID发送给终端, 且所述确认 帧中可以不包含接入点和 /或终端的地址信息。
具体来说, 首先接入点向终端发送信标帧, 并记录下发送时刻 tl ; 终端收到自己所关联的接入点发送的信标帧, 记录下收到该信标帧的 时刻 tl',终端根据信标帧中携带的 TIM来判断自己是否有数据緩存在接入点 中, 若有时, 终端向所述接入点发送下行数据请求帧, 其中下行数据请求 帧的接收地址可以釆用压缩接入点地址, 和 /或, 下行数据请求帧的发送地 址可以釆用压缩终端地址;
接入点在接收到下行数据请求帧后, 经过一个短帧间间隔时间 (Short Inter Frame Space , 简称 SIFS )时间后, 即 t2时刻, 给终端返回一个确认帧, 这个确认帧中包含有 ACK— ID,其中, ACK— ID携带 t2- tl ,这里的 SIFS是 WiFi 网络的限定;
终端收到确认帧后, 记录下收到确认帧的时刻 t2',并把确认帧中 ACK— ID携带的 t2- tl读取出来, 然后计算 t2'- tl', 并将 t2'- tl'与 t2- tl进行比 较, 如果他们的差在预设的误差范围内, 则说明终端收到的这个确认帧是 自己的接入点发给自己的。
考虑到无线信号传输的时间, 实际上, 终端收到信标帧的时刻比该终 端所关联的接入点发送信标帧的时刻略大一点点, 但是考虑到无线信号的 传输速度是 30万公里每秒, 即 300米每微秒, 而 WiFi网络中接入点和终端之 间的距离一般为数十米到数百米, 传输时间一般会小于 1微秒, 所以本实施 例中, 可以认为终端所关联的接入点的发送时刻等于终端的接收时刻, 在 上述实施例中, 若终端接收到的确认帧就是其所关联的接入点发送给自己 的, 则可以认为 tl等于 tl', t2等于 t2'。
进一步的, 上述偏移时间的单位大于控制发送信标帧和确认帧的计时 时间单位, 以便偏移时间占用较少的比特数。 由上可见, 本发明实施例釆 用将携带有偏移时间的确认帧发送给终端, 该偏移时间与各个接入点相对 应, 同时终端记录了其所关联的接入点的偏移时间, 因此当终端接收到确 认帧后, 将该确认帧中携带的偏移时间与其记录的偏移时间进行比较, 从 而可以判断该确认帧是否是自己关联的接入点发给自己的。 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的方法, 包括:
接收接入点发送的信标帧;
向所述接入点发送上行帧; 接收确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移时间是 发送所述确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其发送最近一次信标帧 的时刻的差;
计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是收到确认帧的时刻与收到所 述信标帧的时刻的差;
比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误 差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
这里的接入点可以为无线通信网络中的基站;
本发明实施例提供的消息确认的方法可应用于无线保真通信中。
进一步的, 上述上行帧可以是下行数据请求帧, 且, 下行数据请求帧 中的发送地址是终端的压缩终端地址, 和 /或, 下行数据请求帧中的接收地 址是接入点的压缩接入点地址;
进一步的, 上述确认帧中可以不包含接入点和终端的地址信息; 上述第一偏移时间的单位大于控制发送所述信标帧和确认帧的计时时 间单位, 以便第一偏移时间占用较少的比特数;
由上可见, 由于终端收到的确认帧中包含有第一偏移时间, 并且该第 一偏移时间与确认帧的发送方, 即与接入点对应, 并且终端记录其收到信 标帧和确认帧的时间差, 即第二偏移时间, 并且该第二偏移时间与其所关 联的接入点的第一偏移时间一致, 所以当终端收到确认帧后, 可以通过比 较确认帧中携带的第一偏移时间和自己记录的第二偏移时间进行比较, 从 而可以确定该确认帧是否是该终端所关联的接入点发送给自己的。 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的方法, 参见图 1和图 2所示所示, 该方法包括以下步骤:
5201、 接入点 AP在 tl时刻发送信标帧 Beacon, 站点 STA接收自己所关 联的 AP发送的 Beacon, 并记录下接收的时刻 tl';
根据前面所述, 可以认为 tl'就等于 tl。
5202、 站点 STA通过分析 Beacon里面的 TIM, 知道自己有数据緩存在 AP中, 于是发送上行帧, 如发送 NDP PS-Poll帧给 AP, 请求 AP发送下行数 据; 5203、 接入点 AP接收到 NDP PS-Poll以后, 经过一个 SIFS时间, 即在 t2 时刻, 给 STA返回一个确认帧, 如 short ACK, 这个 short ACK中的 ACK— ID 里面, 携带了从 AP发送 Beacon的时刻 tl到发送 short ACK的时刻 t2之间的时 间差, 即 t2-tl , 此处将 t2-tl标记为 time offset。 这里的 SIFS是 WiFi网络中已 有的限定, 限定了发送 short ACK的时刻必须是在接收到对方的数据以后, 经过 SIFS时间;
5204、 STA收到 short ACK以后, 记录下收到 short ACK的时间 t2', 并把 short ACK里 ACK— ID中携带的 time offset读取出来;
5205、 STA计算 t2'-tl'的值, 并将12'41'与^1½ (^861进行比较, 如果它们 的差值在预定的误差范围内, 则说明这个 short ACK是该 STA所关联的 AP发 送给该 STA的。
在实际中, 若 STA接收到的 ACK来自于其所关联的 AP发送的, 则可以 认为 tl'就等于 tl , t2'等于 t2。
在一个实施例中, AP/STA在对待发送 /接收 Beacon和 short ACK的时刻 的判断上, 它们可以精确到 1微秒, AP和 STA里面各有一个计时器, 该计时 器的单位为 1微秒。
short ACK里面携带的 time offset的时间单位可以预先设定, 比如可以是 1毫秒、 500微秒、 250微秒等。
实际使用上, 由于 ACK— ID的长度限制, 可能会是十几或二十个二进制 位的长度, 所以比较优选的是, 取 256微秒作为时间单位, 用 256微秒作为 时间单位是因为只需要把计时器最后面的 8位去掉就可以了,
比 ^口,
时刻 1 : XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX 微秒
时刻 2: yyyyyyyy yyyyyyyy yyyyyyyy yyyyyyyy 微秒
上面的 x和 y都表示一个二进制位, 计时器的单位是微秒, 时刻 1是
XX . . . XX微秒, 时刻 2是 yy...yy微秒, 去掉最后 8位以后, 就相当于是以 256微 秒为单位了。
tl'、 t2'的单位与 time offset的单位可以通过如下方式进行协调, 例如, AP在 tl时刻发送了 Beacon, 在 t2时刻发送了 short ACK, 假设预定 time offset 的单位是 256微秒, 则time offset的值就是(t2- tl ) /256,仅取整数部分的值, 将该整数部分的值放到 short ACK的 ACK— ID里面; 然后 STA记录了接收到 Beacon的时刻 tl'和接收到 short ACK的时刻 t2'以后, 也是按照这样的计算方 式, 取整数部分的值, 这样 STA计算出来的值就跟 short ACK携带的值的单 位一致, 当然,还可以约定其它的取值法, 比如四舍五入等, 只要 AP和 STA 运用同一种计算方法即可。
由上可见, 由于 STA收到的 short ACK中包含有 time offset, 并且该 time offset与 short ACK的发送方, 即与 AP对应, 并且 STA记录其收到 Beacon和 short ACK的时间差, 并且该时间差与其所关联的接入点的 time offset两者的 值基本一致 (如两者的差值在预定的误差范围内), 所以当 STA收到 short ACK后 , 可以通过比较 short ACK中携带的 time offset和自己记录的时间差 , 从而可以确定该 short ACK是否是该 STA所关联的 AP发送给该 STA的。 本发明实施例提供另一种消息确认的方法, 参见图 3所示, 在可以认为 终端所关联的接入点的发送时刻等于终端的接收时刻的情况下, 包括: 在 T1时刻, 接入点 API发送了信标帧 Beacon, 由于站点 STA1属于 API 的网络, 所以 STA1收到该 Beacon, 并记录下时间 T1;
接着在 T2时刻, 接入点 AP2也发送了 Beacon, 因为 STA1不属于 AP2的 网络, 所以 STA1不会关心这个 Beacon, 也不会记录 T2;
STA1知道自己有数据緩存在 API中, 于是发送 NDP PS-Poll , NDP PS-Poll里面携带有 9位的短的目的地址。 由于 API和 AP2的 PBSSID—样, 即 刚好发生了 PBSSID冲突, 因此, API和 AP2都收到了 NDP PS-Poll, 并且都 以为这是给自己的, 于是 API和 AP2在经过一个 SIFS后, 即 T3时刻, 同时发 送了 short ACK;
假设由于某些原因, STA1并没有收到 API的 short ACK,而是收到了 AP2 的 short ACK, 这时候, STA1计算自己收到 Beacon和收到 short ACK之间的 时间差, 即 T3-T1。 而 short ACK中携带的 time offset是 ΑΡ2发送 short ACK的 时刻 T3和发送 Beacon的时刻 T2的差, 即 T3-T2。 这样, STA1经过比较发现 自己计算出来的时间差跟 short ACK中携带的时间差 time offset是不一致的, 于是就能判断出这个 short ACK不是自己的 AP发给自己的。 STA1如果知道自己发送 ND PS-Poll经过一个 SIFS以后, 接收到的 short ACK不是自己的 API返回的时候, 它就可以知道发生 PBSSID冲突了, 于是 它就可以釆取一些措施来解决这个 PBSSID冲突的问题。 这些措施可以有多 种, 比如, 它可以不再等下行数据了, 或者它跟自己的 API报告说发现短目 的地址冲突了等。
还有一点需要说明的是, 假设 short ACK中携带的时间单位是 256微秒, 即设定 short ACK中携带的时间的单位时间为 256微秒, 如果 API和 AP2两者 发送 Beacon的时间之间的差 ( T2-T1 ) 小于 256微秒的话, 用这个方法 STA 会无法判断出来收到的 shortACK是否是自己所关联的 AP所发送的, 所以在 这个方法的具体实施过程当中, short ACK里面携带的单位时间小于或者等 于两个 Beacon之间可能的最小时间间隔, 这里的单位时间根据需要预先设 定, 可以为 100微秒、 或者 256微秒等等。 在本发明实施例中, 因为 Beacon 的长度会大于 500微秒, 也就是两个 Beacon之间的时间间隔会大于 500微秒, 所以釆用 256微秒的时间精度是可以判断接收到的 short ACK是否是自己所 关联的 AP发送的。
由上可见, 由于 STA收到的 short ACK中包含有 time offset, 并且该 time offset与 short ACK的发送方, 即与 AP对应, 并且 STA记录其收到 Beacon和 short ACK的时间差, 并且该差与其所关联的 AP的 time offset—致, 所以当 STA收到 shortACK后,可以通过比较 short ACK中携带的 time offset和自己记 录的时间差进行比较, 从而可以确定该 short ACK是否是该 STA所关联的 AP 发送给自己的。 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的接入点, 参见图 4所示, 包括: 第 一发送单元 401、 接收单元 402、 第二发送单元 403和第一计时单元 404; 第一发送单元 401 , 用于发送信标帧;
接收单元 402, 用于接收终端发送的上行帧;
第二发送单元 403 , 用于根据接收单元 403接收的上行帧来发送确认帧, 其中, 确认帧中包含第一计时单元 404计算得到的偏移时间, 以便接收到该 确认帧的终端在收到确认帧之后根据该偏移时间、 收到确认帧的时刻和其 最近收到信标帧的时刻判断该确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧; 第一计时单元 404 , 用于记录第二发送单元 403发送所述确认帧的时刻 和第一发送单元 401发送所述信标帧的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为偏移 时间。
由上可见, 本发明实施例提供的消息确认的接入点中第一计时单元 404 记录了偏移时间, 即发送确认帧和发送信标帧的时间差, 并且第二发送单 元 403将该偏移时间置于确认帧中发送给终端, 从而使得终端可以根据其收 到信标帧和收到该确认帧的时间的差与偏移时间判断出该确认帧是不是其 所关联的接入点发送给自己的。
参见图 5所示, 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的接入点, 包括: 处 理器 501、输入装置 502和计时器 503 ,在本发明的一些实施例中 ,处理器 501、 输入装置 502和计时器 503可通过总线或其它方式连接, 其中, 图 5中以通过 总线连接为例;
其中, 处理器 501执行以下步骤: 发送信标帧; 若接收到输入装置 502 的上行帧请求信号则根据该上行帧请求信号发送确认帧, 其中, 确认帧中 包含计时器 503计算得到的偏移时间, 以便接收到该确认帧的终端在收到该 确认帧之后能根据该偏移时间、 收到确认帧的时刻和其最近收到信标帧的 时刻判断该确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧;
在本发明实施例中, 输入装置 502可接收终端发送的上行帧, 并向处理 器 501发送上行帧请求信号;
计时器 503可记录处理器 501发送信标帧和发送确认帧的时刻, 将两者 之间的差确定为偏移时间, 并将该偏移时间发送给处理器 501。
由上可见, 本发明实施例中处理器 501根据终端发送的上行帧发送确认 帧, 并且确认帧中包含了处理器 501发送信标帧和确认帧的时间差, 因此该 终端接收到确认帧后, 将偏移时间与自身接收到信标帧和确认帧的时间差 进行比较, 当两者的差在预设的误差范围内时, 则可确定该确认帧是该终 端所期待的确认帧。
本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的终端, 参见图 6所示, 包括: 第一 接收单元 601、 发送单元 602、 第二接收单元 603、 第二计时单元 604和确定 单元 605; 第一接收单元 601 , 用于接收第一接入点发送的信标帧; 发送单元 602, 用于向所述第一接入点发送上行帧;
第二接收单元 603 ,用于接收确认帧,所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移时间是发送确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其发送 最近一次信标帧时刻的差;
第二计时单元 604 , 用于记录收到所述确认帧的时刻和收到所述信标帧 的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为第二偏移时间;
确定单元 605 , 用于比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两 者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述第一接入点对所述 上行帧的确认帧。
由上可见, 本发明实施例提供的消息确认的终端中的第二接收单元 603 可以接收确认帧, 并且该确认帧中包含接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其 发送最近一次信标帧时刻的差值, 终端中的第二计时单元 604同时计算该终 端收到确认帧和收到所述信标帧的时间差, 从而确定单元 605通过比较两个 时间差可以判断出该确认帧是不是其所关联的接入点发送给自己的。
参见图 7所示, 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的终端, 包括: 第一 输入装置 701、 输出装置 702、 第二计时器 703和第二处理器 704 , 在本发明 的一些实施例中, 第一输入装置 701、 输出装置 702、 第二计时器 703和第二 处理器 704可通过总线或者其它方式连接, 其中, 图 7中以通过总线连接为 例;
其中,第一输入装置 701执行以下步骤:获取第一接入点发送的信标帧, 以及获取确认帧, 确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 其中第一偏移时间是发送 确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与该接入点发送最近一次信标帧的 时刻的差;
本发明实施例中, 输出装置 702可以根据第一输入装置 701接收到的信 标帧来向第一接入点发送上行帧;
第二计时器 703可记录第一输入装置 701收到确认帧和收到信标帧的时 刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为第二偏移时间;
第二处理器 704可将第一输入装置 701获取的第一偏移时间和第二计时 器 703记录得到的第二偏移时间进行比较, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围 内, 则确定第一输入装置 701所获取的确认帧是第一接入点对该上行帧的确 认帧。
由上可见, 本发明实施例提供的消息确认的终端中的第一输入装置 701 获得接入点发送该确认帧和其发送最近一次信标帧的时间差, 第二计时器 703获得终端接收第一接入点发送的信标帧和本次接收到的确认帧的时间 差, 同时第二处理器 704将两个值进行了比较, 当这两个值的差在预设的误 差范围内时, 则可以确定第一输入装置 701所获取的确认帧是第一接入点对 该上行帧的确认帧。 本发明实施例还提供一种消息确认的系统, 包括: 第一接入点和终端; 所述第一接入点, 用于发送信标帧和接收终端发送的上行帧, 并发送 对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差;
所述终端, 用于接收所述第一接入点发送的信标帧和向所述第一接入 点发送上行帧, 并接收确认帧和计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是 收到确认帧的时刻与收到所述信标帧的时刻的差, 比较所述第一偏移时间 和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述确认 帧是所述第一接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
由上可见, 由于终端收到的确认帧中包含有第一偏移时间, 并且该第 一偏移时间与确认帧的发送方, 即与接入点对应, 并且终端记录其收到信 标帧和该确认帧的时间差, 即第二偏移时间, 并且该第二偏移时间与其所 关联的接入点的第一偏移时间一致, 所以当终端收到确认帧后, 可以通过 比较确认帧中携带的第一偏移时间和自己记录的第二偏移时间进行比较, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内时, 则可以确定该确认帧是否是该终端所 关联的接入点发送给自己的。
需要说明的是, 本文中所述接入点可以为基站。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步 骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 所述的程序可以存储于一种计 算机可读存储介质中, 上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器, 磁盘或光 盘等。
同时, 在上述实施例中, 对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重, 某个实 施例中没有详述的部分, 可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的消息确认的方法、 装置和系统进行了详
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时, 对于本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用 范围上均会有改变之处, 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的 限制。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
发送信标帧;
接收终端发送的上行帧;
发送对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含偏移时间, 所述偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差, 以便接收到 所述确认帧的终端 居所述偏移时间、 收到所述确认帧的时刻和其最近收 到信标帧的时刻判断所述确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所述消息确 认的方法应用于无线保真通信中。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上行 帧是下行数据请求帧, 所述下行数据请求帧中的发送地址是所述终端的压 缩终端地址, 和 /或, 所述下行数据请求帧中的接收地址是接入点的压缩接 入点地址。
4、 根据权利要求 1~3任一项所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述偏移时间的单位大于控制发送所述信标帧和确认帧的计时时间单位。
5、 一种消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
接收第一接入点发送的信标帧;
向所述第一接入点发送上行帧;
接收确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移时间是 发送所述确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其发送最近一次信标帧 的时刻的差;
计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是收到所述确认帧的时刻与收 到所述信标帧的时刻的差;
比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误 差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述第一接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所述消息确 认的方法应用于无线保真通信中。
7、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所述上行 帧是下行数据请求帧, 所述下行数据请求帧中的发送地址是终端的压缩终 端地址, 和 /或, 所述下行数据请求帧中的接收地址是所述第一接入点的压 缩接入点地址。
8、 根据权利要求 5~7任一项所述的消息确认的方法, 其特征在于, 所 述第一偏移时间单位大于控制发送所述信标帧和确认帧的计时时间单位。
9、 一种消息确认的接入点, 其特征在于, 所述接入点包括第一发送单 元、 接收单元、 第二发送单元、 第一计时单元;
所述第一发送单元, 用于发送信标帧;
所述接收单元, 用于接收终端发送的上行帧;
所述第二发送单元, 用于根据所述接收单元接收的上行帧来发送确认 帧, 所述确认帧中包含所述第一计时单元计算得到的偏移时间, 以便接收 到所述确认帧的终端 居所述偏移时间、 收到所述确认帧的时刻和其最近 收到信标帧的时刻判断所述确认帧是否为其期待的确认帧;
所述第一计时单元, 用于记录发送所述确认帧的时刻和发送所述信标 帧的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为偏移时间。
10、 一种消息确认的终端, 其特征在于, 所述终端包括第一接收单元、 发送单元、 第二接收单元、 第二计时单元和确定单元;
所述第一接收单元, 用于接收第一接入点发送的信标帧;
所述发送单元, 用于向所述第一接入点发送上行帧;
所述第二接收单元, 用于接收确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时 间, 所述第一偏移时间是发送确认帧的接入点发送所述确认帧的时刻与其 发送最近一次信标帧时刻的差;
所述第二计时单元, 用于记录收到所述确认帧的时刻和收到所述信标 帧的时刻, 并将两者之间的差确定为第二偏移时间;
所述确定单元, 用于比较所述第一偏移时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若 两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述确认帧是所述第一接入点对所 述上行帧的确认帧。
11、 一种消息确认的系统, 其特征在于, 包括第一接入点和终端; 所述第一接入点, 用于发送信标帧和接收终端发送的上行帧, 并发送 对所述上行帧的确认帧, 所述确认帧中包含第一偏移时间, 所述第一偏移 时间是发送所述确认帧的时刻与发送所述信标帧的时刻的差;
所述终端, 用于接收所述第一接入点发送的信标帧和向所述第一接入 点发送上行帧, 并接收确认帧和计算第二偏移时间, 所述第二偏移时间是 收到所述确认帧的时刻与收到所述信标帧的时刻的差, 比较所述第一偏移 时间和所述第二偏移时间, 若两者的差在预设的误差范围内, 则确定所述 确认帧是所述第一接入点对所述上行帧的确认帧。
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