WO2014067262A1 - 防火组合物及防火保温板 - Google Patents

防火组合物及防火保温板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014067262A1
WO2014067262A1 PCT/CN2013/074131 CN2013074131W WO2014067262A1 WO 2014067262 A1 WO2014067262 A1 WO 2014067262A1 CN 2013074131 W CN2013074131 W CN 2013074131W WO 2014067262 A1 WO2014067262 A1 WO 2014067262A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fireproof
parts
thermal insulation
insulation board
resin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/074131
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐志新
沈刚
李金钟
Original Assignee
亚士创能科技(上海)股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201210425707.8A external-priority patent/CN103087601B/zh
Application filed by 亚士创能科技(上海)股份有限公司 filed Critical 亚士创能科技(上海)股份有限公司
Priority to US14/439,632 priority Critical patent/US20150284638A1/en
Priority to RU2015116328A priority patent/RU2645538C2/ru
Publication of WO2014067262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014067262A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80Heat insulating elements slab-shaped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fireproof composition and a fireproof thermal insulation board, and more particularly to a fireproof and directly brushable composition combined with an organic substance and an inorganic substance, and a fireproof composition comprising the same Fireproof insulation board.
  • EPS board expanded polystyrene board
  • XPS board extruded polystyrene board
  • polyurethane board polystyrene board
  • inorganic insulation board inorganic insulation board.
  • EPS board, XPS board and polyurethane board are the main ones, accounting for more than 80% of the total external wall insulation.
  • Both the EPS board and the XPS board are substantially polystyrene boards, and the main materials of both are polystyrene; they are all thermoplastic organic foam boards.
  • the use of these insulation materials on the building provides effective insulation for building energy conservation.
  • due to the poor fireproof performance of these insulation boards it has left a great safety hazard to the building fire prevention, and caused frequent "fire" loss and loss. heavy.
  • inorganic substances are materials that are incombustible and effectively prevent the spread of flame. Therefore, when looking for alternative materials for the above-mentioned thermal insulation and thermal insulation materials, the first thing to think about is inorganic materials, such as rock wool and other inorganic materials, but these alternative materials are either Insulation, insulation effect is not up to standard; either brittle and insufficient strength; or heavy weight, can not be used in high-rise buildings. Insulation materials that are ideal for solving the flammability and thermal insulation balance are never found.
  • some people use Portland cement or magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide as the main bonding material and add EPS particles as insulation material (plastic powder polystyrene mortar).
  • EPS particles plastic powder polystyrene mortar
  • fire-resistant roller blinds which are mainly made of glass fiber combined with non-woven fabric. So far, no paint-like products have been developed that are painted on surfaces that require fire protection to achieve fire protection.
  • the fireproof composition given in the present application can be directly applied to the surface of various products or parts requiring fire prevention, used for other fireproof products and other occasions requiring fire prevention, to achieve fire prevention purposes, and to greatly improve fire prevention means.
  • the inventors of the present application through long-term research and experiments, organically combine organic and inorganic materials to produce the fireproof composition and fireproof thermal insulation board of the present application, while retaining the traditional EPS board, XPS board, and polyurethane.
  • the excellent thermal insulation performance and light weight of the building insulation board such as board and polystyrene board greatly improve the fire performance and enhance the strength and effectively solve the problem.
  • At least one of the present invention provides a fireproof composition and includes the fire prevention
  • the thermal insulation board of the composition can effectively solve the above problems in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a fireproofing composition
  • a fireproofing composition comprising the following components and the weight content of each component:
  • Thermosetting resin 30-65 parts
  • the curing agent is packaged separately and added at the time of use.
  • the fireproof composition further comprises: reinforcing fibers, the reinforcing fibers having a weight content of 1-5 parts.
  • the thermosetting resin is a polyacrylic resin, a polyvinyl carbonate resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin or a phenol resin.
  • thermosetting resin is selected from the group consisting of a phenolic resin, which is an A-stage phenol resin obtained by condensation reaction of phenol and polyfurfural under a base catalyst, wherein phenol, polyfurfural and alkali are used.
  • the ratio by weight of the catalyst is: 40-60 parts of phenol, 30-45 parts of paraformaldehyde, 1. 5-8. 0 parts of water, 5-15 parts of water, and reacted at 70-80 ° C for 5 hours.
  • the A-stage phenol resin was obtained.
  • the inorganic flame retardant is any one of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, carbon black, red phosphorus flame retardant or ammonium polyphosphate, or a combination of any two or more.
  • the flame retardant structure enhancer is lithium carbonate, lithium mica, boric acid or borax Any one, or any combination of two or more.
  • the solvent is water, sterol or ethanol.
  • the curing agent is phenolic acid or quinone.
  • the reinforcing fibers are any one of glass fiber, carbon fiber or metal fiber, or a combination of any two or more.
  • the dispersant and surfactant are a mixture of a modified polysiloxane and a high molecular weight carboxylic acid.
  • the thermosetting resin comprises a polyacrylic resin, a polyethylene carbonate resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin or a phenolic resin;
  • the inorganic flame retardant comprises magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, carbon black, red One of a phosphorus flame retardant or a polyamic acid ammonium silicate, or a combination of any two or more;
  • the flame retardant structure enhancer includes any one of lithium carbonate, lithium mica, boric acid or borax Or a combination of any two or more;
  • the solvent includes water, methanol or ethanol;
  • the curing agent comprises phenolsulfonic acid or toluenesulfonic acid; and
  • the reinforcing fiber comprises glass fiber, carbon fiber or metal fiber. Any one of them, or a combination of any two or more;
  • the dispersant and the surfactant include a mixture of a modified polysiloxane and a high molecular carboxylic acid.
  • an inorganic flame retardant is added to an organic thermosetting resin, and in the event of a fire, the thermosetting resin is thermally carbonized and maintains an inherent structure, wherein the inorganic flame retardant prevents combustion from proceeding.
  • the body strengthening agent forms an inorganic glass structure fireproof body, which functions to isolate the flame and the temperature, further realizes the fireproofing effect; in addition, the added solvent can adjust the viscosity and fluidity of the resin to facilitate the coating of the fireproof composition; A curing agent is added during use to facilitate rapid coagulation of the fire protection composition and bonding to the object to be coated.
  • reinforcing fibers may be added as appropriate to increase the strength of the fireproof composition and the strength of the structure remaining after the coating is overfired; further, a dispersant and a surfactant may be added to allow the fireproof composition and the The brush is better integrated into one.
  • the fireproof composition provided by the invention can also be used for various other items and occasions requiring fire protection, such as painting on the surface of wooden furniture, increasing the fireproof rating of the furniture;
  • the surface of the roller blind enhances the fireproof function of the fire shutter and has a wide range of uses.
  • the present invention also provides a fireproof thermal insulation panel comprising foamed plastic particles and a fireproof coating for bonding the foamed plastic particles, the fireproof coating being the fireproof composition of any of the above aspects.
  • the fireproof coating is continuously arranged in the fireproof thermal insulation board, and the foamed plastic particles are dispersedly disposed in the fireproof thermal insulation board.
  • the foamed plastic particles comprise polystyrene, polyphenylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride particles.
  • a panel is laminated on one surface of the fireproof thermal insulation board.
  • the bottom plate is compounded on the other surface of the fireproof heat insulating board.
  • the panel and/or the bottom plate are composited by gluing.
  • the panel is a color steel plate, a silicate board, a cement fiber board, an aluminum foil, a fiber cement cloth or a stone board;
  • the bottom plate is also a color steel plate, a calcium silicate board, a cement fiber board, Aluminum foil, fiber cement cloth or stone board.
  • the foamed plastic particles of the dispersed phase are used as the skeleton, and the fireproof composition of the continuous phase is used as the protection, which can effectively prevent high temperature combustion and high temperature collapse, and greatly reduce the generation of toxic black smoke.
  • the fireproofing composition used as the fireproof coating for the fireproof and thermal insulation board of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant added to the organic thermosetting resin, when the fire occurs, the thermosetting resin is cured by heat and remains insulated. The structure of the plate structure does not collapse, and the inorganic flame retardant therein is not easy to burn, and plays a role of fire prevention.
  • the burning structure strengthening agent forms an inorganic glass structure fireproof body, which functions to isolate the flame and the temperature, further realizes the fireproofing effect, so that the organic foamed plastic particles are not burned and no toxic black smoke is generated. Effectively solve the various defects of the existing building insulation board, in line with the national requirements for the fire protection level and insulation of building insulation boards begging.
  • the fireproof and thermal insulation board can also be composited with a panel and/or a bottom plate, which can further improve the fireproof performance and strength of the fireproof and thermal insulation board.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the fireproof and thermal insulation board of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing the sectional structure of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective structural view showing another embodiment of the fireproof thermal insulation board according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective structural view showing still another embodiment of the fireproof thermal insulation board according to the present invention.
  • the correspondence between the reference numerals and the part names in Figures 1 to 4 is:
  • thermosetting resin 30-65 parts thermosetting resin 30-65 parts
  • the curing agent is packaged separately and added at the time of use.
  • the weight content described herein is generally stated as a weight percentage, and a weight content of 30-65 parts means a weight percentage of 30-65%.
  • the fireproof composition of the present invention is provided with a thermosetting resin as a matrix, an inorganic flame retardant and a flame retardant structure reinforcing agent are added, and the solution is adjusted by using a solution to adjust the viscosity, and then a fixed amount of the curing agent is added during use. Stir evenly, then apply or cover the surface of fire-resistant items to provide fire protection. Further, reinforcing fibers may be added to the above fireproof composition, and the reinforcing fibers are contained in an amount of from 1 to 5 parts by weight. This can increase the strength of the above fireproof composition, and a fireproof layer of a desired thickness can be formed on the surface of the article to be coated or coated.
  • the dispersing agent and the surfactant, the reinforcing fibers may be added to the fireproof composition together, or may be added separately as needed.
  • thermosetting resin is a polyacrylic resin, a polyvinyl carbonate resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin or a phenol resin.
  • the thermosetting resin is selected from the group consisting of a phenolic resin, which is an A-stage phenol resin obtained by condensation reaction of phenol and polyfurfural under a base catalyst, wherein phenol, polyfurfural and The ratio of the base catalyst by weight is: phenol 40-60 parts, paraformaldehyde 30-45 parts, alkali catalyst 1. 5-8. 0 parts, water 5-15 parts, reaction at 70-80 ° C for 5 hours
  • the A-stage phenol resin is obtained.
  • thermosetting resin has various options as long as it is a resin which is carbonized by fire.
  • the phenolic resin has the best effect by the applicant's multiple tests, and thus the above-mentioned A-stage phenol resin is selected, and the present invention can be made.
  • the fireproofing function of the fireproofing composition is fully exerted, and the phenolic resin is environmentally friendly, and does not produce toxic substances after combustion, and is the preferred resin.
  • the inorganic flame retardant is any one of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, carbon black or red phosphorus flame retardant, or a combination of any two or more.
  • Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide are inorganic substances, and they have incombustible properties, and the chemical reaction (ie, release of crystal water) which occurs after being subjected to heat and high temperature generates water, and has the properties of preventing smoke generation and further exerts flame retardant effects; Carbon black or red phosphorus rapidly carbonizes after being heated at a high temperature, preventing oxygen from entering the air, thereby further preventing combustion.
  • the flame retardant structure enhancer is any one of lithium carbonate, lithium mica, boric acid or borax, or a combination of any two or more.
  • the resin and the inorganic flame retardant and the flame retardant structure enhancer form an inorganic glass structure fireproof body, which serves to isolate the flame and the temperature. The role of the degree, and further block the entry of oxygen in the air, to prevent the reaction at high temperatures, to achieve fire prevention.
  • the solvent is water, sterol or ethanol.
  • the solvent to be selected is such that the fire-retardant composition has moderate fluidity and is easily evaporated after painting, as long as the thermosetting resin is dissolved therein, in order to adjust the viscosity and fluidity of the fireproof composition. Easy to apply.
  • the curing agent is phenolic acid or toluic acid. It allows the fire protection composition to rapidly set and solidify after application to the article. Because it only works when painting, it can only be added and mixed before painting.
  • the reinforcing fibers are any one of glass fiber, carbon fiber or metal fiber, or a combination of any two or more.
  • the reinforcing fibers herein are suitable for selecting short glass fibers, carbon fibers or metal fibers.
  • the dispersant and surfactant are a mixture of a modified polysiloxane and a high molecular carboxylic acid, for example, commercially available BYK 104S or BYK 904S.
  • a dispersing agent and a surfactant allows the fire-retardant composition to be dispersed and have an affinity for better bonding of the fire-retardant composition to the object to be coated.
  • the fireproof composition provided by the embodiment of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant added to an organic thermosetting resin.
  • the thermosetting resin When a fire occurs, the thermosetting resin is thermally carbonized and maintains an inherent structure, wherein the inorganic flame retardant prevents combustion. Conducted, played a role in fire prevention, and has the function of preventing smoke generation, preventing the generation of heavy smoke; at the same time, after adding the flame retardant structure strengthening agent, the resin and inorganic flame retardant, flame retardant at high temperature Structural strengthening agent forms inorganic glass structure fireproof
  • the body acts to isolate the flame and the temperature to further achieve the fire prevention effect; in addition, the added solvent can adjust the viscosity and fluidity of the resin to facilitate the coating of the fireproof composition; and the curing agent is added during use.
  • reinforcing fibers may be added as appropriate to increase the strength of the fireproofing composition and the strength of the structure remaining after the coating is overfired; further, a dispersing agent, and a surfactant may be added, so that the fireproofing composition and The brushed material is better integrated into one.
  • the precursor of the fireproof composition is prepared by dispersing, and then 2.5 parts of phenolic acid is taken, and after being uniformly mixed, it is used for coating the foamed particles in the expanded polystyrene insulation board (EPS board).
  • EPS board coated with the fireproof composition is subjected to a burning test and has good fireproof performance: no toxic black smoke, no high temperature collapse, no dripping.
  • the EPS board has a significantly improved fireproof performance and can achieve a Class B1 fire rating. The fire performance of the fire protection composition of the present invention was verified.
  • the precursor of the fireproof composition is prepared by dispersing, and then 4.5 parts of phthalic acid is added, and after being uniformly mixed, it is applied to the curtain surface of the fireproof roller blind, and after the fireproof composition is dried and condensed,
  • the fire shutter is subjected to a fire and smoke test. Compared with the prior art fire shutter, the temperature rise on the back of the fire shutter is not obvious, the fire time is longer, the amount of smoke is less, and the fire shutter is at a high temperature.
  • the fireproof performance of the fireproof composition of the present application is further verified by not smashing the curtain, and the fireproof and smokeproof performance of the fireproof roller blind is obviously improved.
  • the precursor of the fireproof composition is prepared by dispersing, and then 2 parts of phenolic acid is added, and after mixing uniformly, it is mixed with EPS foaming granules having a bulk density of 20 kg/m 3 , and the weight ratio is the fireproof composition:
  • the EPS foaming granules are 32: 10, mixed in a mixer, fluidized and dried at room temperature, and finally formed into an EPS insulation board by adding a steam pressure of 0.66 MPa in an automatic molding machine.
  • the EPS insulation board was subjected to a combustion test: no toxic black smoke, no dripping, no obvious flame, and only slight shrinkage of the insulation board structure.
  • the EPS board is also significantly improved in fire resistance compared to the prior art EPS board, and can also achieve a Class B1 fire rating. The fire performance of the fire protection composition of the present invention was verified.
  • the precursor of the fire-retardant composition was dispersed, and then 4 parts of toluene acid was added and uniformly mixed for coating of foamed particles in an extruded polystyrene board (XPS board).
  • XPS board coated with the fireproof composition is subjected to a burning test and has good fireproof performance: no toxic black smoke, no high temperature collapse, no dripping.
  • the XPS board has a significantly improved fire performance and can achieve a Class B1 fire rating.
  • the fire performance of the fire protection composition of the present invention was verified. .
  • the present invention also provides a fireproof thermal insulation board 1 comprising a foamed plastic particle 11 and a fireproof coating 12 for bonding the foamed plastic particle 11, the fireproof coating 12 being A fire protection composition as described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the fireproof coating in the above fireproof thermal insulation board 1 according to the present invention is prepared by adding an inorganic flame retardant to an organic thermosetting resin, and when a fire occurs, the thermosetting resin is heated to solidify and maintain the thermal insulation board structure.
  • the structure does not collapse, and the inorganic flame retardant therein is not easy to burn, and plays a role of fire prevention.
  • the resin and the inorganic flame retardant and the flame retardant structure are strengthened at a high temperature.
  • the agent forms an inorganic glass structure fireproof body, which functions to isolate the flame and the temperature, further realizes the fireproofing effect, so that the organic foamed plastic particles are not burned and does not generate toxic black smoke, which meets the requirements of the state for heat preservation and fireproofing of the thermal insulation board. .
  • the fireproof coating material 12 is continuously arranged in the fireproof thermal insulation board 1, and the foamed plastic particles 11 are dispersedly arranged in the fireproof thermal insulation board 1. .
  • the fireproof thermal insulation board 1 is characterized in that the foamed plastic particles 1 1 of the dispersed phase are used as a skeleton, and the fire retardant coating 12 of the continuous phase is protected, and the foamed plastic particles 11 are wrapped and connected.
  • the contact between the flame and the foamed plastic particles 1 1 is effectively prevented, so that the foamed plastic particles 1 1 are not easily burned, so that the foamed plastic particles 1 1 as a skeleton are less likely to collapse, and the generation of toxic black smoke is greatly reduced.
  • the foamed plastic granules adopt the bulk density of the present embodiment, and the specific gravity of the fireproof coating given in the present embodiment is the most economical while achieving a good fireproof effect.
  • the foamed plastic particles 1 1 comprise polystyrene, polyphenylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride particles.
  • the foamed plastic granules are made of polystyrene, polyphenylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride granules, which are not only low in cost and easy to obtain, but also have the characteristics of light weight and good heat preservation effect.
  • the panel 2 is composited on one surface of the fireproof thermal insulation board 1.
  • This kind of fireproof insulation board has been tested to a Class A fire rating.
  • the bottom plate 3 is compounded on the other surface of the fireproof heat insulating panel 1.
  • This kind of fireproof insulation board has been tested to a Class A fire rating.
  • the panel 2 and/or the bottom plate 3 are composited by gluing.
  • the cylinder is easy to operate and low in cost.
  • the panel 2 is a color steel plate, a silicate board, a cement fiber board, an aluminum foil, a fiber cement cloth or a stone board;
  • the bottom plate 3 is also a color steel plate, a silicate board, Cement fiberboard, aluminum foil, fiber cement cloth or stone board.
  • the fireproof and thermal insulation board provided by the embodiment of the present invention protects the high temperature combustion and the high temperature collapse by using the foamed plastic particles of the dispersed phase as the skeleton and the fireproof composition of the continuous phase as protection. Reduce the production of toxic black smoke.
  • the fireproofing composition used as the fireproof coating for the fireproof and thermal insulation board of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant added to the organic thermosetting resin. When a fire occurs, the thermosetting resin is cured by heat to maintain the structure of the heat insulating board.
  • the structure of the body does not collapse, and the inorganic flame retardant therein is not easy to burn, and plays a role of fire prevention; meanwhile, after the flame retardant structure reinforcing agent is added, the resin and the inorganic flame retardant are flame retardant at a high temperature.
  • the structural strengthening agent forms an inorganic glass structure fireproof body, which functions to isolate the flame and the temperature, further realizes the fireproofing effect, so that the organic foamed plastic particles are not burned and no toxic black smoke is generated; Further, reinforcing fibers may be added as needed to increase the strength of the fireproof coating, thereby improving the strength of the fireproof and thermal insulation board, facilitating installation, and further improving the high temperature non-collapse performance.
  • the fireproof and thermal insulation board can also be composited with a panel and/or a bottom plate, which can further improve the fireproof performance and strength of the fireproof and thermal insulation board.

Abstract

一种防火组合物和含有该防火组合物的防火保温板。防火组合物按重量含量包括:热固性树脂30-65份,无机阻燃剂15-45份,阻燃结构体强化剂2-25份,溶剂5-15份和固化剂2-6份。其中,所述固化剂单独包装,在使用时加入。防火保温板包括发泡塑料颗粒和粘结所述发泡塑料颗粒的防火组合物。该防火保温板既具有保温隔热性又能够防止高温燃烧和高温塌陷,减少有毒黑烟的产生。

Description

说 明 书
防火组合物及防火保温板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防火组合物及防火保温板, 更具体而言, 涉及一种有 机物和无机物组合在一起的、 具有防火功能的并可直接涂刷的组合物, 以 及包含该防火组合物的防火保温板。 背景技术
我国正处于建筑鼎盛期, 每年建成的房屋建筑高达 20-30 亿平方米, 超 过所有发达国家年建成面积的总和。 而 80%以上的建筑是高能耗建筑, 建筑 能耗占社会总能耗的 40%以上, 居各类能耗之首。 因此, 建筑节能成为世界 节能浪潮的主流之一, 建筑节能技术已成为当今世界建筑技术发展的重要内 容。 国家 "十二五" 规划纲要中, 为促进建筑节能和建筑业的健康发展, 也 明确提出了建筑节能的指标要求。
建筑节能一个很重要的内容就是建筑物的墙体保温。 目前, 我国建筑物 的墙体保温材料主要为: EPS板(发泡聚苯乙烯板) ; XPS板(挤塑聚苯乙烯 板) ; 聚氨酯板; 聚苯板; 无机保温板等。 其中以 EPS 板、 XPS 板和聚氨酯 板为主, 占总外墙保温的 80%以上。 EPS板和 XPS板实质上均为聚苯板, 两者 主要材料均为聚苯乙烯; 它们均为热塑性有机泡沫板。 这些保温材料在建筑 上的使用为建筑节能提供了有效的保温, 但由于这些保温板自身防火性能差 的缺陷, 给建筑防火留下了极大的安全隐患, 并导致 "火灾" 频发、 损失惨 重。
在大量的建筑物火灾中, 保温材料的防火性差及燃烧释放有毒浓烟是造 成重大伤亡的主要原因, 同时建筑外墙起火后外墙表面燃烧导致保温材料结 构的坍塌, 从而导致建筑物墙体表面涂层和装饰层的坠落, "使消防救援没 有工作面" 给消防救援造成了很大的不便, 也是造成重大伤亡的一个原因。 为此, 2009 年公安部、 住建部出台了 《民用建筑外保温系统及外墙装饰防火 暂行规定》 【公通字 46 号】 , 201 1 年公安部消防局出台了 《关于进一步明 确民用建筑外保温材料消防建筑监督管理有关要求的通知》 【公消字 65 号】 , 以强化对建筑保温材料的防火性能要求。 更为严格的是在 【公消字 65 号】 文中明确要求 "在新标准未出台前, 所用建筑保温材料均采用防火性能 为 A级的保温材料" 。 然而现有市场上的 A级保温材料从产品技术上均不适 合使用于建筑物的墙体保温, 因为现有 A 级保温材料, 基本都是无机材料或 者以无机材料为主, 不但重量重且强度差, 保温性能也不好, 不易安装、 节 能效果也不好, 同时现有 A 级保温材料的产量也远远不能满足市场需求, 导 致大量建筑工程停工。 因此探索研发能满足外墙保温使用的 A 级保温材料成 了业界共同关注的方向。
众所周知, 无机物是不燃和有效阻止火焰蔓延的材料, 为此, 人们在寻 找上述保温、 隔热材料的替代材料时, 首先想到的是无机物, 例如岩棉等无 机材料, 但是这些替代材料要么保温、 隔热效果不达标; 要么脆性大、 强度 不够; 要么重量大、 无法用于高层建筑。 始终不能找到理想的、 能够解决可 燃性和保温隔热性相平衡的保温材料。 此外, 还有人采用硅酸盐水泥或氯化 镁、 氧化镁为主要粘结材料并添加 EPS 颗粒作为保温材料(胶粉聚苯乙烯颗 粒砂浆)。 但是, 采用该方法制得的建筑保温材料虽有较好的防火性, 但保温 效果差, 强度较差, 材料较重(比重大), 安装不牢, 施工性不良等问题。
此外, 目前在防火领域, 为实现防火的目的, 研发方向都是寻找难燃或 者不燃的材料来实现, 例如防火卷帘, 主要采用玻璃纤维结合无纺布来制 造。 到目前为止, 没有开发出一种类似于涂料的产品, 涂刷在需要防火物品 的表面来实现防火。 而本申请给出的防火组合物, 可以直接涂刷于各种需要 防火的产品或者部位的表面, 用于其他防火产品和其他需要防火的场合, 实 现防火目的, 使防火手段极大提高。
因此, 本申请的发明人通过长期研究和实验, 从另外一个角度出发, 将有机物和无机物有机结合, 制造出本申请的防火组合物和防火保温板, 在保留传统 EPS板、 XPS板、 聚氨酯板、 聚苯板等建筑保温板的优良保温性 能、 重量轻的优点的同时, 大大提高了防火性能, 并增强了强度, 有效解决 了现有建筑保温材料的上述种种问题。 发明内容
为了解决现有技术的建筑保温材料防火性差、 燃烧时易释放有毒浓烟、 强度差、 燃烧后容易熔融、 滴落等问题或者至少之一, 本发明提供了一种 防火组合物和包含该防火组合物的保温板, 能够有效解决现有技术中的上 述问题。
有鉴于此, 本发明提供了一种防火组合物, 所述防火组合物包括以下 组分及各组分的重量含量为:
热固性树脂 30-65份
无机阻燃剂 15-45份
阻燃结构体强化剂 2-25份
溶剂 5- 15份
固化剂 2-6份
其中, 所述固化剂单独包装, 在使用时加入。
进一步, 所述的防火组合物还包括: 加强纤维, 所述加强纤维的重量含 量为 1-5份。
再进一步, 所述的防火组合物还包括: 分散剂和表面活性剂, 所述分散 剂和表面活性剂的重量含量为 0. 2-2. 0份。
优选地, 所述的热固性树脂为聚丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯树脂、 聚氨 酯树脂、 聚醋酸乙烯树脂或者酚醛树脂。
进一步, 所述的热固性树脂选用所述酚醛树脂, 所述酚醛树脂为采用将 苯酚、 多聚曱醛在碱催化剂下缩合反应制得的 A阶酚 树脂, 其中, 苯酚、 多聚曱醛和碱催化剂以重量计的配比为: 苯酚 40-60份, 多聚甲醛 30-45 份, 碱催化剂 1. 5-8. 0份, 水 5-15份, 在 70_80 °C条件下反应 5小时, 制得所述 A阶酚醛树脂。
优选地, 所述的无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 炭黑、 红磷阻燃剂 或者多聚磷酸铵中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。
优选地, 所述的阻燃结构体强化剂为碳酸锂、 锂云母、 硼酸或硼砂中的 任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。
优选地, 所述的溶剂为水、 曱醇或乙醇。
优选地, 所述的固化剂为苯酚蹟酸或曱苯蹟酸。
优选地, 所述的加强纤维为玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维中的任意一 种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。
优选地, 所述的分散剂和表面活性剂为改型聚硅氧烷与高分子羧酸的混 合物。
优选地, 所述的热固性树脂包括聚丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯树 脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 聚醋酸乙烯树脂或者酚醛树脂; 所述的无机阻燃剂 包括氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 炭黑、 红磷阻燃剂或者多聚磚酸铵中的一 种, 或者任意两种或两种以上的组合; 所述的阻燃结构体强化剂包括 碳酸锂、 锂云母、 硼酸或硼砂中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种 以上的组合; 所述的溶剂包括水、 甲醇或乙醇; 所述的固化剂包括苯 酚磺酸或甲苯磺酸; 所述的加强纤维包括玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤 维中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合; 所述的分散剂 和表面活性剂包括改型聚硅氧烷与高分子羧酸混合物。
根据本发明提供的上述防火组合物, 是在有机的热固性树脂中添加无 机阻燃剂, 当发生火灾时, 其中的热固性树脂受热碳化并保持固有的结构, 其中的无机阻燃剂阻止燃烧的进行, 起到防火的作用, 并且具有阻止发烟的 作用, 防止浓烟的产生; 同时, 在加入阻燃结构体强化剂后, 在高温下, 所 述的树脂和无机阻燃剂、 阻燃结构体强化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火体, 起到 隔离火焰和温度的作用, 进一步实现防火作用; 另外, 添加的溶剂可以调节 所述树脂的粘度和流动性, 便于所述防火组合物的涂刷; 使用时添加固化 剂, 便于所述防火组合物的快速凝结和与被涂刷物的结合。 此外, 还可视情 况添加加强纤维, 增加所述防火组合物的强度及涂层过火后残留结果结构体 的强度; 更进一步, 可添加分散剂和表面活性剂, 以便所述防火组合物和被 涂刷物更好的结合为一体。
此外, 本发明提供的防火组合物, 还可用于其他各种需要防火的物品 和场合, 例如涂刷在木质家具表面, 增加了家具的防火等级; 涂刷在防火 卷帘的表面, 增强了防火卷帘的防火功能, 具有广泛的用途。
本发明还提供了一种防火保温板, 包括发泡塑料颗粒和粘结所述发泡塑 料颗粒的防火涂料, 所述防火涂料为上述任一技术方案所述的防火组合物。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 所述防火涂料在所述防火保温板中为连续 布置, 所述发泡塑料颗粒在所述防火保温板中为分散布置。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 所述发泡塑料颗粒的容重为 10-25 kg/m3, 所述发泡塑料颗粒和所述防火涂料的重量配比为: 所述发泡塑料颗粒: 所述 防火涂料 =1 : (0. 8-5)。
在上述任一技术方案中, 优选地, 所述发泡塑料颗粒包括聚苯乙烯、 聚 苯烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯颗粒。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 在所述防火保温板的一板面上复合有面 板。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 在所述防火保温板的另一板面上复合有底 板。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 所述面板和 /或所述底板通过胶粘的方式 进行复合。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 所述面板为彩钢板、 硅酸 4弓板、 水泥纤维 板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石材板; 所述底板也为彩钢板、 硅酸钙板、 水泥 纤维板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石材板。
根据本发明提供的上述防火保温板, 以分散相的发泡塑料颗粒为骨 架、 以连续相的上述防火组合物为保护, 能够有效防止高温燃烧和高温塌 陷, 并极大减少有毒黑烟的产生。 因为, 本发明所述防火保温板所采用的 作为防火涂料的所述防火组合物, 是在有机的热固性树脂中添加无机阻燃 剂, 当发生火灾时, 其中的热固性树脂受热而发生固化保持保温板结构体的 结构不塌陷, 且其中的无机阻燃剂不易燃烧, 起到防火的作用, 同时在加入 阻燃结构体强化剂后, 在高温下, 所述的树脂和无机阻燃剂、 阻燃结构体强 化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火体, 起到隔离火焰和温度的作用, 进一步实现防 火作用, 使得有机发泡塑料颗粒不被燃烧、 也不产生有毒黑烟。 有效解决了 现有建筑保温板的种种缺陷, 符合国家对建筑保温板防火等级和保温的要 求。 另外, 在所述防火保温板上还可以复合面板和 /或底板, 可以进一步 提高防火保温板的防火性能和强度。 附图说明
图 1示出了本发明所述防火保温板一实施例的立体结构示意图; 图 2示出了图 1所示实施例的剖面结构局部放大示意图;
图 3示出了本发明所述防火保温板另一实施例的立体结构示意图; 图 4示出了本发明所述防火保温板再一实施例的立体结构示意图。 图 1至图 4中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为:
1防火保温板, 1 1发泡塑料颗粒, 12防火涂料, 2面板, 3底板。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明根据本发明的具体实施方式。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明, 但是, 本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施, 因此, 本发明 的保护范围并不限于下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
根据本发明提供的防火组合物, 包括以下组分及各组分的重量含量为: 热固性树脂 30-65份;
无机阻燃剂 15-45份;
阻燃结构体强化剂 2-25份;
溶剂 5-15份;
固化剂 2-6份;
其中, 所述固化剂单独包装, 在使用时加入。
本申请所述的重量含量即通常所述的重量百分比, 重量含量为 30-65 份就是重量百分比为 30-65%的含义。
本发明给出的上述防火组合物, 以热固性树脂为基体, 加入无机阻燃剂 和阻燃结构体强化剂, 并采用溶液调整好粘度后包装好, 在使用时再将固定 含量的固化剂加入搅拌均匀, 即可涂刷或包覆于需要防火物品的表面, 起到 防火的功能。 进一步, 可向上述防火组合物中加入加强纤维, 所述加强纤维的重量含 量为 1-5 份。 这样可以增加上述防火组合物的强度, 可以在被涂刷或包覆物 品的表面形成需要厚度的防火层。
更进一步, 可向上述防火组合物中添加分散剂和表面活性剂, 所述分散 剂和表面活性剂的重量含量为 0. 2-2. 0 份。 这样对所述防火组合物进行分 散、 改善所述防火组合物的表面特性, 便于其与被涂刷和包覆物品的接触、 结合更紧密。
所述分散剂和表面活性剂、 所述加强纤维, 可以一并加入所述防火组合 物中, 也可以根据需要单独加入。
上述防火组合物中, 所述的热固性树脂为聚丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯 树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 聚醋酸乙烯树脂或者酚 树脂。
优选地, 所述的热固性树脂选用所述酚醛树脂, 所述酚醛树脂为采用将 苯酚、 多聚曱醛在碱催化剂下缩合反应制得的 A 阶酚 树脂, 其中, 苯酚、 多聚曱醛和碱催化剂以重量计的配比为: 苯酚 40-60 份, 多聚甲醛 30-45 份, 碱催化剂 1. 5-8. 0份, 水 5- 15份, 在 70_80 °C条件下反应 5小时, 制 得所述 A阶酚 树脂。
上述热固性树脂有多种选择, 只要在受火而发生碳化的树脂即可, 通过 申请人的多次试验, 其中的酚醛树脂效果最好, 由此选用上述的 A 阶酚醛树 脂, 可以使得本发明的防火组合物的防火功能得到充分发挥, 而且酚醛树脂 具有环境友好的特性、 燃烧后不会产生有毒物质, 是首选树脂。
优选地, 所述的无机阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 炭黑或者红磷阻燃 剂中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。 氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝 为无机物, 本身就有不燃特性, 且受热高温后所发生的化学反应 (即结晶水 释放)会产生水, 并且具有阻止发烟等性能, 进一步发挥阻燃功效; 炭黑或 者红磷在高温受热后迅速碳化, 阻止空气中的氧进入, 从而进一步阻止燃 烧。
优选地, 所述的阻燃结构体强化剂为碳酸锂、 锂云母、 硼酸或硼砂中的 任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。 在高温下, 所述的树脂和无 机阻燃剂、 阻燃结构体强化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火体, 起到隔离火焰和温 度的作用, 并进一步阻断空气中的氧进入, 防止高温下的反应、 实现防火作 用。
优选地, 所述的溶剂为水、 曱醇或乙醇。 所选用的溶剂只要所述热固性 树脂溶于其中, 使所述防火组合物具有适度的流动性, 并在涂刷后容易蒸 发掉即可, 目的在于调整所述防火组合物的粘度和流动性, 便于涂刷。
优选地, 所述的固化剂为苯酚橫酸或曱苯橫酸。 其可使得所述防火组合 物在涂刷在物品上后快速凝结、 固化。 因为其只是在涂刷时起作用, 因此仅 仅在涂刷前加入并混合均勾即可。
优选地, 所述的加强纤维为玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维中的任意一 种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。 这里的加强纤维适于选用短的玻璃 纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维, 加入所述防火组合物中后, 可以改善所述防火涂 层的强度, 且这些纤维本身为不燃材料, 可以进一步抑制所述防火组合物的 收缩变形并加强过火涂层的残余物强度。
优选地, 所述的分散剂和表面活性剂为改型聚硅氧烷与高分子羧酸混合 物, 例如, 市场上可以购买到的 BYK 104S 或者 BYK 904S。 添加分散剂和表 面活性剂, 可以使所述防火组合物被分散和具有亲和力, 便于所述防火组合 物与被涂刷物更好的结合。
优选地, 上述丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 聚醋酸 乙烯树脂或者酚醛树脂; 氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 炭黑、 红磷阻燃剂或者 多聚磚酸铵中的一种, 或者任意两种或两种以上的组合; 碳酸里、 锂云 母、 硼酸或硼砂中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合; 水、 甲醇或乙醇; 苯酚磺酸或甲苯磺酸; 玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维 中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合; 改型聚硅氧烷与高 分子羧酸混合物, 同时添加组成所述防火组合物。
本发明实施例提供的上述防火组合物, 是在有机的热固性树脂中添加 无机阻燃剂, 当发生火灾时, 其中的热固性树脂受热碳化并保持固有的结 构, 其中的无机阻燃剂阻止燃烧的进行, 起到防火的作用, 并且具有阻止发 烟的作用, 防止浓烟的产生; 同时, 在加入阻燃结构体强化剂后, 在高温 下, 所述的树脂和无机阻燃剂、 阻燃结构体强化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火 体, 起到隔离火焰和温度的作用, 进一步实现防火作用; 另外, 添加的溶剂 可以调节所述树脂的粘度和流动性, 便于所述防火组合物的涂刷; 使用时添 加固化剂, 便于所述防火组合物的快速凝结和与被涂刷物的结合。 此外, 还 可视情况添加加强纤维, 增加所述防火组合物的强度及涂层过火后残留结果 结构体的强度; 更进一步, 可添加分散剂、 和表面活性剂, 以便所述防火组 合物和被涂刷物更好的结合为一体。
以下结合给出各组分具体含量的实施例进行进一步说明:
实施例 1
采用如下原料, 实验性地制作上述防火组合物, 并对其防火性能进行验 证:
A阶酚醛树脂 47份,
氢氧化镁 31份,
硼砂 8. 5份,
曱醇 8. 5份,
碳纤维 1. 7份,
BYK 104S 0. 8份,
进行分散制得防火组合物的前体, 再取苯酚橫酸 2. 5 份, 混合均匀后, 用于发泡聚苯乙烯保温板(EPS 板) 中发泡颗粒的涂覆。 对涂覆有该防火组 合物的 EPS 板进行燃烧试验, 具有良好的防火性能: 不产生有毒的黑烟、 高 温不塌陷、 无滴落物。 该 EPS板相对于现有技术的 EPS板, 防火性能明显提 高, 可达到 B1级防火等级。 验证了本发明的防火组合物的防火性能。
实施例 2
采用如下原料, 实验性地制作上述防火组合物, 并对其防火性能进行验 证:
A阶酚醛树脂 43份,
氢氧化铝 33份,
硼酸 7份,
乙醇 10份,
玻璃纤维 1份, BYK 904S 1. 5份,
进行分散制得所述防火组合物的前体, 再加入曱苯橫酸 4. 5 份, 混合均 匀后, 涂刷于防火卷帘的帘面上, 所述防火组合物干燥凝结后, 对所述防火 卷帘进行隔火隔烟试验, 相对于现有技术的防火卷帘, 防火卷帘背面的温度 升高不明显、 隔火时间更长、 泄漏烟量更少, 且防火卷帘高温下不塌帘, 明 显提高了防火卷帘的隔火隔烟性能, 进一步验证本申请的防火组合物的防火 性能。
实施例 3
采用如下原料, 实验性地制作上述防火组合物, 并对其防火性能进行验 证:
聚碳酸乙烯酯树脂 40份,
氢氧化铝和红磷阻燃剂 30份,
锂云母 17. 5份,
碳纤维 2. 8份,
水 7份,
BYK104S 0. 7份,
进行分散制得所述防火组合物的前体, 再加入苯酚橫酸 2 份, 混合均匀 后, 与容重为 20kg/m3的 EPS 发泡颗粒进行混合, 重量配比为所述防火组合 物: EPS 发泡颗粒为 32: 10 , 在混合机中混合, 并在常温下流化干燥, 最后 在自动成型机中加蒸汽压力 0. 6MPa下成型为 EPS保温板。 对该 EPS保温板进 行燃烧试验: 不产生有毒的黑烟、 无滴落物、 无明显火焰、 保温板结构仅轻 微收缩。 该 EPS板相对于现有技术的 EPS板防火性能也明显提高, 也可达到 B1级防火等级。 验证了本发明的防火组合物的防火性能。
实施例 4
采用如下原料, 实验性地制作上述防火组合物, 并对其防火性能进行验 证:
A阶酚醛树脂 60份,
氢氧化铝 18份,
硼酸 8. 5份, 曱醇 6份,
玻璃纤维 3份,
BYK 904S 0. 5份,
进行分散制得所述防火组合物的前体, 再加入曱苯橫酸 4 份, 混合均匀 后, 用于挤塑聚苯乙烯板(XPS 板) 中发泡颗粒的涂覆。 对涂覆有该防火组 合物的 XPS 板进行燃烧试验, 具有良好的防火性能: 不产生有毒的黑烟、 高 温不塌陷、 无滴落物。 该 XPS板相对于现有技术的 XPS板, 防火性能明显提 高, 可达到 B1级防火等级。 验证了本发明的防火组合物的防火性能。。
此外, 如图 1 和图 2所示, 本发明还提供了一种防火保温板 1 , 包括 发泡塑料颗粒 11 和粘结所述发泡塑料颗粒 11 的防火涂料 12 , 所述防火涂 料 12为如上述任一实施例所述的防火组合物。
本发明给出的上述防火保温板 1 中的防火涂料, 是采用在有机的热固 性树脂中添加无机阻燃剂制得, 当发生火灾时, 其中的热固性树脂受热而 发生固化保持保温板结构体的结构不塌陷, 且其中的无机阻燃剂不易燃烧, 起到防火的作用, 同时在加入阻燃结构体强化剂后, 在高温下, 所述的树脂 和无机阻燃剂、 阻燃结构体强化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火体, 起到隔离火焰 和温度的作用, 进一步实现防火作用, 使得有机发泡塑料颗粒不被燃烧、 也 不产生有毒黑烟, 符合国家对于保温板的保温和防火的要求。
在本实施例中, 优选地, 如图 2所示, 所述防火涂料 12在所述防火保温 板 1 中为连续布置, 所述发泡塑料颗粒 11在所述防火保温板 1 中为分散布 置。
该技术方案中所述防火保温板 1 , 以分散相的发泡塑料颗粒 1 1 为骨 架、 以连续相的防火涂料 12 为保护, 并将所述发泡塑料颗粒 1 1 包裹和 连接起来, 能够有效防止火焰与发泡塑料颗粒 1 1 的接触, 使得发泡塑料 颗粒 1 1 不易被燃烧, 从而作为骨架的发泡塑料颗粒 1 1 不易塌陷, 并极 大减少有毒黑烟的产生。
优选地, 所述发泡塑料颗粒容重为 1 0-25 kg/m3 , 所述发泡塑料颗粒 11 和所述防火涂料 12 的重量比为: 所述发泡塑料颗粒: 所述防火涂料 =1 : (0. 8-5) 。 发泡塑料颗粒采用本实施例的容重, 以及采用本实施例给出的与防火涂 料的比重, 则在达到好的防火效果的同时, 用料最经济。
在上述实施例中, 优选地, 所述发泡塑料颗粒 1 1 包括聚苯乙烯、 聚苯 烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯颗粒。 发泡塑料颗粒采用聚苯乙 烯、 聚苯烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯颗粒, 不但成本低、 易获 得, 而且这些材料均具有重量轻、 保温效果好的特性。
在上述技术方案中, 优选地, 如图 3所示, 在所述防火保温板 1 的一板 面上复合有面板 2。 该种防火保温板经测试可达 A 级防火等级。 复合面板
2 , 可以提高防火保温板的防火性能和强度, 并可对面板进行粉刷、 雕刻等 美化处理, 使得防火保温板更美观。
在上述实施例中, 优选地, 如图 4所示, 在所述防火保温板 1 的另一板 面上复合有底板 3。 该种防火保温板经测试可达 A 级防火等级。 复合底板
3 , 不但可以进一步提高防火保温板 1 的防火性能和强度, 还便于防火保温 板的安装。
在上实施例中, 优选地, 所述面板 2和 /或所述底板 3通过胶粘的方式 进行复合。 采用胶粘复合, 筒单易行、 成本低。
在上述实施例中, 优选地, 所述面板 2 为彩钢板、 硅酸 4弓板、 水泥纤维 板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石材板; 所述底板 3 也为彩钢板、 硅酸 4弓板、 水 泥纤维板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石材板。 这些板材均容易获得、 强度好、 重 量较轻, 符合外墙使用的要求。
综上所述, 本发明实施例提供的上述防火保温板, 以分散相的发泡塑 料颗粒为骨架、 以连续相的上述防火组合物为保护, 能够有效防止高温燃 烧和高温塌陷, 并极大减少有毒黑烟的产生。 本发明所述防火保温板所采 用的作为防火涂料的所述防火组合物, 是在有机的热固性树脂中添加无机 阻燃剂, 当发生火灾时, 其中的热固性树脂受热而发生固化保持保温板结构 体的结构不塌陷, 且其中的无机阻燃剂不易燃烧, 起到防火的作用; 同时, 在加入阻燃结构体强化剂后, 在高温下, 所述的树脂和无机阻燃剂、 阻燃结 构体强化剂形成无机玻璃结构防火体, 起到隔离火焰和温度的作用, 进一步 实现防火作用, 使得有机发泡塑料颗粒不被燃烧、 也不产生有毒黑烟; 此 夕卜, 还可视情况添加加强纤维, 增加所述防火涂料的强度, 进而提高所述防 火保温板的强度, 便于安装、 并进一步提高高温不塌陷性能。 有效解决了现 有建筑保温板的种种缺陷, 符合国家对建筑保温板防火等级和保温的要 求。 另外, 在所述防火保温板上还可以复合面板和 /或底板, 可以进一步 提高防火保温板的防火性能和强度。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于 本领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精 神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 、 一种防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述防火组合物包括以下组分及各 组分的重量含量为:
热固性树脂 30-65份
无机阻燃剂 15-45份
阻燃结构体强化剂 2-25份
溶剂 5-15份
固化剂 2-6份
其中, 所述固化剂单独包装, 在使用时加入。
、 根据权利要求 1 所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 还包括: 加强纤 维, 所述加强纤维的重量含量为 1-5份。
、 根据权利要求 2所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 还包括: 分散剂 和表面活性剂, 所述分散剂和表面活性剂的重量含量为 0. 2-2. 0 份。
、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的 热固性树脂包括聚丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 聚醋酸乙烯树脂或者酚酪树脂。
、 根据权利要求 4所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述酚酪树脂为 采用将苯酚、 多聚甲醛在碱催化剂下缩合反应制得的 A 阶酚醛树 脂, 其中, 苯酚、 多聚甲醛和碱催化剂以重量计的配比为: 苯酚 40-60份, 多聚甲醛 30-45份, 碱催化剂 1. 5-8. 0份, 水 5-15份, 在 70- 801C条件下反应 5小时, 制得所述 A阶酚酪树脂。
、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的 无机阻燃剂包括氢氧化镁、 氢氧化铝、 炭黑、 红磷阻燃剂或者多聚 磷酸铵中的一种, 或者任意两种或两种以上的组合。
、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的 阻燃结构体强化剂包括碳酸锂、 锂云母、 硼酸或硼砂中的任意一 种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合。
、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的 溶剂包括水、 甲醇或乙醇。
、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的 固化剂包括苯酚磺酸或甲 酸。
0、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的加 强纤维包括玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维中的任意一种, 或者任意 两种或者两种以上的组合。
1、 根据权利要求 3 所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的分散剂 和表面活性剂包括改型聚硅氧烷与高分子羧酸的混合物。
2、 根据权利要求 3 所述的防火组合物, 其特征在于, 所述的热固性 树脂包括聚丙烯酸树脂、 聚碳酸乙烯酯树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 聚醋酸 乙烯树脂或者酚醛树脂; 所述的无机阻燃剂包括氢氧化镁、 氢氧化 铝、 炭黑、 红磷阻燃剂或者多聚磷酸铵中的一种, 或者任意两种或 两种以上的组合; 所述的阻燃结构体强化剂包括碳酸锂、 锂云母、 硼酸或硼砂中的任意一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合; 所 述的溶剂包括水、 甲醇或乙醇; 所述的固化剂包括苯酚磺酸或甲苯 磺酸; 所述的加强纤维包括玻璃纤维、 碳纤维或金属纤维中的任意 一种, 或者任意两种或者两种以上的组合; 所述的分散剂和表面活 性剂包括改型聚硅氧烷与高分子羧酸混合物。
3、 一种防火保温板, 包括发泡塑料颗粒和粘结所述发泡塑料颗粒的防 火涂料, 其特征在于, 所述防火涂料为如权利要求 1-12 中任一项 所述的防火组合物。
4、 根据权利要求 13 所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 所述防火涂料 在所述防火保温板中为连续布置, 所述发泡塑料颗粒在所述防火保 温板中为^ ft布置。
、 根据权利要求 14 所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 所述发泡塑 料颗粒的容重为 10-25 kg/m3, 所述发泡塑料颗粒和所述防火涂料 的重量比为: 所述发泡塑料颗粒: 所述防火涂料 =1: (0. 8-5)。 16、 根据权利要求 13 至 15 中任一项所述的防火保温板, 其特征在 于, 所述发泡塑料颗粒包括聚苯乙烯、 聚苯烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯颗粒。
17、 根据权利要求 16 所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 在所述防火 保温板的一板面上复合有面板。
18、 根据权利要求 17 所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 在所述防火 保温板的另一板面上复合有底板。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 所述面板和 / 或所述底板通过胶粘的方式进行复合。
20、 根据权利要求 19 所述的防火保温板, 其特征在于, 所述面板为 彩钢板、 硅酸钩板、 水泥纤维板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石材板; 所 述底板为彩钢板、 硅酸钩板、 水泥纤维板、 铝箔、 纤维水泥布或石 材板。
PCT/CN2013/074131 2011-10-31 2013-04-12 防火组合物及防火保温板 WO2014067262A1 (zh)

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