WO2014060808A2 - Stator of rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Stator of rotary electric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014060808A2
WO2014060808A2 PCT/IB2013/002204 IB2013002204W WO2014060808A2 WO 2014060808 A2 WO2014060808 A2 WO 2014060808A2 IB 2013002204 W IB2013002204 W IB 2013002204W WO 2014060808 A2 WO2014060808 A2 WO 2014060808A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
slot
insulation coating
thickness
permittivity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2013/002204
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2014060808A3 (en
Inventor
Hiroki Kato
Original Assignee
Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha filed Critical Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
Publication of WO2014060808A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014060808A2/en
Publication of WO2014060808A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014060808A3/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/32Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the coil insulation coating in the slot is made thinner than the coil insulation coating at the coil end.
  • the permittivity of the insulation coating of the coil in the slot is large, so insulation performance there is able to be ensured even if the insulation coating of the coil is thinner than the slot insulator.
  • the slot insulator is not provided at the coil end, so the insulation coating of the coil there is made thicker than it is inside the slot. In doing so, the space factor of the coil inside the slot is able to be improved, while ensuring insulation performance both at the coil end and inside the slot.
  • the tip end portions of the two leg portions inserted into the slots 16 from the one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction protrude out on the other side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction.
  • the protruding tip end portions are bent on the other side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction, and connected by welding or the like to tip end portions of another conductor segment coil that is inserted into the slots 16 in the same way.
  • the connection with the tip end portions of the other conductor segment coil is performed according to winding specifications of the stator 10. In this way, a plurality of conductor segment coils are assembled to the stator core 12 and connected together to form the coil 20.
  • the space factor of the coil 20 inside the slot 16 is improved while ensuring the insulation performance in the slot 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Abstract

A stator of a rotary electric machine includes a stator core having a plurality of slots along a circumferential direction of the stator core, the stator core including a slot insulator arranged along an inside wall of each of the slots; and a coil that is wound inserted into each of the slots, the coil having a coil conductor and a coil insulation coating that covers the coil conductor, a permittivity of the coil insulation coating differing from a permittivity of the slot insulator, and a thickness of the coil insulation coating differing from a thickness of the slot insulator.

Description

STATOR OF ROTARY ELECTRIC MACHINE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
[0001] The invention relates to stator of a rotary electric machine, and more particularly, to a stator of a rotary electric machine, around which a coil having an insulation coating is wound. 2. Description of Related Art
[0002] In a stator of a rotary electric machine, a coil that passes through a slot in a stator core and has an insulation coating is wound around the stator, and a portion of the coil that protrudes out in an axial direction of the stator core is referred to as a stator end.
[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-236924 (JP 2008-236924 A) describes a stator coil of a rotary electric machine, in which insulation material or a thickness of an insulating layer differs between an insulating layer of a coil end portion of the stator coil and an insulating layer of a slot portion of the stator coil.
[0004] Also, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-113836 (JP 2012-113836 A) describes technology related to an insulation-coated conducting wire, in which a partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) is proportional to the 0.46th power of (thickness t of the insulation coating / permittivity ε of the insulation coating).
[0005] The coil of the stator of the rotary electric machine is such that different phase coils are adjacent at the coil end, and same phase coils are adjacent inside the slot. The voltage difference between different phase coils is larger than the voltage difference between same phase coils, so when taking insulation properties into account, the insulation coating of the coil must be thick enough to ensure the insulation properties of the coil end.
[0006] If the thickness of the insulation coating of the coil is made the same inside the slot as it is at the coil end, the insulation coating will be excessively thick inside the slot, thus reducing the space factor of the coil in the slot, and copper loss of the rotary electric machine will increase and the like.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The invention thus provides a stator of a rotary electric machine in which the thickness of the insulation coating of the coil is set appropriately. The invention also provides a stator of a rotary electric machine that enables the space factor of the coil inside the slot to be improved, while ensuring insulation performance at the coil end and in the slot.
[0008] One aspect of the invention relates to a stator of a rotary electric machine, that includes a stator core having a plurality of slots along a circumferential direction of the stator core, the stator core including a slot insulator arranged along an inside wall of each of the slots; and a coil that is wound inserted into each of the slots, the coil having a coil conductor and a coil insulation coating that covers the coil conductor; a permittivity of the coil insulation coating differing from a permittivity of the slot insulator; and a thickness of the coil insulation coating differing from a thickness of the slot insulator.
[0009] In the stator according to this aspect of the invention, the permittivity of the coil insulation coating may be greater than the permittivity of the slot insulator, and the thickness of the coil insulation coating may be thinner than the thickness of the slot insulator.
[0010] In the stator according the aspect of the invention described above, the permittivity of the coil insulation coating may be less than the permittivity of the slot insulator, and the thickness of the coil insulation coating may be thicker than the thickness of the slot insulator.
[0011] In the stator according to this structure, the thickness of the coil insulation coating inside the slot may be thinner than the thickness of the coil insulation coating at a coil end.
[0012] According to the structure described above, in the stator of a rotary electric machine, the thickness of the coil insulation coating is made different from the thickness of the slot insulator, according to the amount of permittivity of the coil insulation coating and the permittivity of the slot insulator. In this way, taking permittivity into account, the thickness of the coil insulation coating and the thickness of the slot insulator can be changed as appropriate, and as a result, the thickness of the insulation coating of the coil can be set to an appropriate thickness to ensure insulation performance.
[0013] As described in JP 2012-113836 A, the partial discharge inception voltage
(PDIV) is proportional to the 0.46th power of (thickness t of the insulation coating / permittivity ε of the insulation coating). As an example, when the permittivity doubles, the insulation performance becomes 0.72 times as large. Therefore, with a given insulation performance (i.e., with the same insulation performance), the total insulation thickness (= coil insulation coating thickness + slot insulator thickness) is able to be made thinner using material with a small permittivity. When the total insulation thickness is made thinner, the space factor of the coil in the slot improves.
[0014] According to this structure, with the stator of the rotary electric machine, when the permittivity of the coil insulation coating is larger than the permittivity of the slot insulator, the coil insulation coating is made thinner than the slot insulator. Conversely, when the permittivity of the coil insulation coating is made smaller than the permittivity of the slot insulator, the coil insulation coating is made thicker than the slot insulator. In doing so, the total insulation thickness (= coil insulation coating thickness + slot insulator thickness) is able to be made thinner, so the space factor of the coil in the slot is able to be improved.
[0015] Also, according to this structure, when the permittivity of the coil insulation coating is larger than the permittivity of the slot insulator, the coil insulation coating in the slot is made thinner than the coil insulation coating at the coil end. The permittivity of the insulation coating of the coil in the slot is large, so insulation performance there is able to be ensured even if the insulation coating of the coil is thinner than the slot insulator. The slot insulator is not provided at the coil end, so the insulation coating of the coil there is made thicker than it is inside the slot. In doing so, the space factor of the coil inside the slot is able to be improved, while ensuring insulation performance both at the coil end and inside the slot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals denote like elements, and wherein:
FIG. 1A and FIG. IB are views of a coil insulation coating and a slot insulator, in a stator of a rotary electric machine according to one example embodiment of the invention, with FIG. 1A being a perspective view of the stator of the rotary electric machine, and FIG. IB being a sectional view of the insulation coating of a coil wound in a slot and the slot insulator of the slot;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an in-slot coil taken along line 2A - 2A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a coil end taken along line 3B - 3B in FIG. 1; and FIG. 4 is a view of the coil insulation coating inside the slot and the slot insulator, in the stator of the rotary electric machine according to the example embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0017] Example embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The rotary electric machine described below is a three-phase synchronous rotary electric machine. This is only an example for the description. The rotary electric machine may be any rotary electric machine having a wound coil. In the description below, the coil is formed by a conductor segment coil. This is only an example for the description. The coil may also be a winding coil in which a conductor line passes through a slot and is wound around teeth. The sectional shape of the coil is described as being rectangular. A rectangular shape also includes a rectangular shape in which the corner portions are suitably rounded. Also, the rectangular shape is only an example for the description. The cross-section may also be circular in shape, or elliptical in shape, or the like.
[0018] The number of slots in a stator core described below, and the number of coils arranged in one slot and the like are only examples for the description, and may be modified as appropriate according to the specifications of the stator of the rotary electric machine.
[0019] Hereinafter, like or corresponding elements in the drawings will be denoted by like reference characters and redundant descriptions will be omitted.
[0020] FIG. 1A is a view of a stator 10 of a rotary electric machine. The rotary electric machine is a three-phase synchronous rotary electric machine. Hereinafter, unless otherwise noted, the stator 10 of the rotary electric machine will simply be referred to as "stator 10". FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a coil 20 wound around a stator core 12 of the stator 10, and FIG. IB is a sectional view of an insulation coating at a coil end and inside a slot of the coil 20, and a slot insulator provided on an inside wall of the slot. FIG. IB shows a circumferential direction and an axial direction of the stator core 12.
[0021] The stator 10 is combined with a rotor, not shown, to form the rotary electric machine. The stator 10 rotates the rotor by working in cooperation with the rotor in terms of electromagnetic action by energizing a coil, and outputs torque to a rotating shaft of the rotor.
[0022] The stator 10 includes the stator core 12, a plurality of teeth 14 arranged along a circumferential direction of the stator core 12, slots 16 that are spaces between adjacent teeth 14, and a coil 20 that passes through the slot 16 and is wound around the teeth 14. Hereinafter, portions such as the slots 16 that are provided in plurality may be referred to in the singular to facilitate understanding.
[0023] The stator core 12 is an annular-shaped magnetic member with the plurality of teeth 14 arranged on an inner peripheral side. The stator core 12 is formed by a plurality of magnetic steel sheets having a predetermined shape that are stacked together.
[0024] The coil 20 is formed using a conductor segment coil. The conductor segment coil is such that a conductor with a rectangular cross-section is bent in a U-shape, and an insulation coating is provided on the surface. A highly conductive metal may be used as the material of the conductor. Copper or the like may be used as the highly conductive metal. A polyamide-imide enamel coating may be used for the insulation coating. The thickness of the insulation coating is determined by the insulation specifications of the stator 10 and the like. One example of the thickness is approximately 30 to 50 μπι. A polyester imide, a polyimide, a polyester, or a formal or the like may be used as the enamel coating used for the insulation coating.
[0025] The coil is formed using the conductor segment coil in the manner described below. The tip end portions of two leg portions of the conductor segment coil are inserted from one side in the axial direction of the stator core 12, into two slots 16 separated by a predetermined number of slot spaces in the circumferential direction of the stator core 12. In FIG. 1A, two slots 16 that are separated by six slot spaces, matching three phases, i.e., a U-phase, a V-phase, and a W-phase, are used. The tip ends of the two leg portions of the conductor segment coil are inserted into these two slots 16 from one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction. In FIG. 1 A, the one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction is the upper side along the surface of the paper on which FIG. 1A is drawn.
[0026] The tip end portions of the two leg portions inserted into the slots 16 from the one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction protrude out on the other side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction. The protruding tip end portions are bent on the other side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction, and connected by welding or the like to tip end portions of another conductor segment coil that is inserted into the slots 16 in the same way. The connection with the tip end portions of the other conductor segment coil is performed according to winding specifications of the stator 10. In this way, a plurality of conductor segment coils are assembled to the stator core 12 and connected together to form the coil 20.
[0027] A plurality of U-shaped portions are arranged on one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction, and a plurality of tip end portions that are bent and connected together are arranged on the other side. As a result, a plurality of conductor segment coils are assembled to the stator core 12, thus forming the coil 20. A portion where the winding coil protrudes out in the axial direction of the stator core 12 will be referred to as a coil end. A portion where the plurality of U-shaped portions are arranged is a one-side coil end that protrudes on one side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction. A portion where the plurality of bent tip end portions are arranged is an other-side coil end that protrudes out on the other side of the stator core 12 in the axial direction.
[0028] In FIG. IB, the coil 20 is divided into an in-slot portion and a coil end portion. The in-slot portion is formed by a conductor 22 inside a slot and an in-slot insulation coating 30. The coil end portion is formed by a conductor 24 at the coil end and a coil end insulation coating 32.
[0029] A slot insulator 34 shown in FIG. IB is an insulator provided along an inside wall surface of the teeth 14. Insulating paper or a plastic sheet or the like may be used for the slot insulator 34. An insulator made of the same material as the insulation coating of the coil 20 may also be used.
[0030] FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2A - 2A in FIG. IB, of the in-slot portion of the coil 20. The thickness of the in-slot insulation coating 30 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 12 is ti, and the thickness of the in-slot insulation coating 30 in the radial direction of the stator core 12 is t2. The circumferential direction and the radial direction of the stator core 12 are both shown in FIG. 2.
[0031] FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3B - 3B in FIG. 1, of the coil end portion of the coil 20. The thickness of the coil end insulation coating 32 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 12 is t3, and the thickness of the coil end insulation coating 32 in the radial direction of the stator core 12 is t4.
[0032] In the related art, the sectional shapes of the conductor 22 in the slot of the coil 20 and of the conductor 24 of the coil 20 are the same. Also, the thickness of the coil insulation coating is also the same throughout the entire coil 20, i.e., = t2 = t = t4. Hereinafter, the ability to improve the coil space factor in the slot 16 by changing the thickness of the coil insulation coating will be described.
[0033] In the slot 16, the in-slot insulation coating 30 has a different permittivity than the permittivity of the slot insulator 34, and the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are different than the thickness t5 (see FIG. 4) of the slot insulator 34. The reason for making the permittivity and thicknesses between the in-slot insulation coating 30 and the slot insulator 34 different in this way is to improve the space factor of the coil 20 in the slot 16, using the fact that the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) is proportional to the 0.46th power of (thickness t of the insulation coating / permittivity ε of the insulation coating).
[0034] As a calculation example of the above expression, just like the thickness t, when the permittivity ε doubles, the insulation performance becomes 0.72 times as large. When the permittivity ε is the same and the thickness t is halved, the insulation performance becomes 1.44 times as large. When the permittivity ε is doubled and the thickness t is halved, the insulation performance becomes approximately 2 times as large, and when the permittivity ε is halved and the thickness t is doubled, the insulation performance becomes approximately half as large. Therefore, with a given insulation performance (i.e., with the same insulation performance), the total insulation thickness (= coil insulation coating thickness + slot insulator thickness) is able to be made thinner using material with a small permittivity ε. When the total insulation thickness is made thinner, the space factor of the coil in the slot improves.
[0035] That is, when the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30 is greater than the permittivity of the slot insulator 34, the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are thinner than the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of one slot 16 when the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30 is greater than the permittivity of the slot insulator 34. Here, the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are shown thinner than the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34. ti and t2 may be the same thickness, but the thickness t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 that faces the slot insulator 34 instead of being adjacent to another coil 20 on the outermost radial side of the slot 16 in FIG. 4 may also be thinner than ti. This is because the voltage applied to this portion is a voltage between the conductor 22 of the coil 20 and the teeth 14, and is lower than the voltage between same phases between adjacent coils 20.
[0036] On the other hand, when the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30 is less than the permittivity of the slot insulator 34, the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34 is made thinner than the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30. In other words, in this case, the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are made thicker than the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34.
[0037] In doing so, the total insulation thickness (= coil insulation coating thickness + slot insulator thickness) can be reduced, with the same insulation performance of the slot 16. As a result, the space factor of the coil 20 inside the slot 16 is improved while ensuring the insulation performance in the slot 16.
[0038] With the coil 20 in the slot 16, same phase windings are adjacent to each other. However, with the coil 20 at the coil end, different phase windings are adjacent to each other, so greater insulation performance than the insulation performance in the slot 16 is required. The slot insulator 34 is not provided at the coil end, so the thicknesses t3 and t4 of the coil end insulation coating 32 are made thicker than the thicknesses and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30. t3 and t4 may be the same thickness. As a result, the space factor of the coil 20 in the slot 16 is able to be improved, while also ensuring the insulation performance at the coil end.
[0039] One example of a setup procedure involves determining the thicknesses t3 and t4 and the permittivity of the coil end insulation coating 32 to satisfy the insulation performance at the coil end. Next, the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are determined to satisfy the insulation performance in the slot 16. The permittivity is made the same. The need for insulatio performance in the slot 16 is less than the need for insulation performance at the coil end, so ti and t2 are able to be made thinner than t3 and t4. As a result, the space factor of the coil 20 in the slot 16 improves.
[0040] At this time, the permittivity of the slot insulator 34 is made different from the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30. Also, the total insulation thickness (= coil insulation coating thickness + slot insulator thickness) is recalculated to satisfy the insulation performance in the slot 16. For example, if the permittivity of the slot insulator 34 is set lower than the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30, the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34 is able to be made thicker than the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30, and the thicknesses and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 are able to be made even thinner, so the total insulation thickness is able to be reduced. Even if the permittivity of the slot insulator 34 is greater than the permittivity of the in-slot insulation coating 30, the total insulation thickness is able to be reduced by making the thickness t5 of the slot insulator 34 thinner than the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30, and making the thicknesses ti and t2 of the in-slot insulation coating 30 thicker.
[0041] As a result, the space factor of the coil 20 in the slot 16 is further improved, and the overall stator core 12 is also reduced in size.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A stator of a rotary electric machine, comprising:
a stator core having a plurality of slots along a circumferential direction of the stator core, the stator core including a slot insulator arranged along an inside wall of each of the slots; and
a coil that is wound inserted into each of the slots, the coil having a coil conductor and a coil insulation coating that covers the coil conductor, a permittivity of the coil insulation coating differing from a permittivity of the slot insulator, and a thickness of the coil insulation coating differing from a thickness of the slot insulator.
2. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the permittivity of the coil insulation coating is greater than the permittivity of the slot insulator, and the thickness of the coil insulation coating is thinner than the thickness of the slot insulator.
3. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the permittivity of the coil insulation coating is less than the permittivity of the slot insulator, and the thickness of the coil insulation coating is thicker than the thickness of the slot insulator.
4. The stator according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the coil insulation coating inside the slot is thinner than the thickness of the coil insulation coating at a coil end.
PCT/IB2013/002204 2012-10-19 2013-10-07 Stator of rotary electric machine WO2014060808A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012232070A JP2014087101A (en) 2012-10-19 2012-10-19 Stator of dynamo-electric machine
JP2012-232070 2012-10-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014060808A2 true WO2014060808A2 (en) 2014-04-24
WO2014060808A3 WO2014060808A3 (en) 2015-07-16

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PCT/IB2013/002204 WO2014060808A2 (en) 2012-10-19 2013-10-07 Stator of rotary electric machine

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WO (1) WO2014060808A2 (en)

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008236924A (en) 2007-03-22 2008-10-02 Hitachi Ltd Rotary electrical machine and electric vehicle
JP2012113836A (en) 2010-11-19 2012-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Insulation coating conductor wire and rotary electric machine

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JPS62193103A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-25 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Insulated coil
JPH0723003Y2 (en) * 1988-01-28 1995-05-24 株式会社東芝 coil
EP0440865A1 (en) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-14 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Electrical insulation
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CA2344564C (en) * 2000-09-14 2008-07-22 General Electric Canada Inc. Graded electric field insulation system for dynamoelectric machine
JP2005341706A (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-08 Hitachi Ltd Rotating electric machine
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JP5227104B2 (en) * 2008-07-25 2013-07-03 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Interphase insulating material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008236924A (en) 2007-03-22 2008-10-02 Hitachi Ltd Rotary electrical machine and electric vehicle
JP2012113836A (en) 2010-11-19 2012-06-14 Toyota Motor Corp Insulation coating conductor wire and rotary electric machine

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WO2014060808A3 (en) 2015-07-16
JP2014087101A (en) 2014-05-12

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