WO2014060650A2 - Structure offshore - Google Patents

Structure offshore Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014060650A2
WO2014060650A2 PCT/FI2013/050990 FI2013050990W WO2014060650A2 WO 2014060650 A2 WO2014060650 A2 WO 2014060650A2 FI 2013050990 W FI2013050990 W FI 2013050990W WO 2014060650 A2 WO2014060650 A2 WO 2014060650A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
column
offshore structure
foundation
elements
base column
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2013/050990
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014060650A3 (fr
Inventor
Jukka MÄKIRANTA
Ari NIEMELÄ
Vesa NIINILAMPI
Vesa PAPINOJA
Ilkka RANTANEN
Per Stenius
Original Assignee
Stx Finland Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stx Finland Oy filed Critical Stx Finland Oy
Publication of WO2014060650A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014060650A2/fr
Publication of WO2014060650A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014060650A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
    • E02B17/0021—Means for protecting offshore constructions against ice-loads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0069—Gravity structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an offshore structure comprising a lower portion, an intermediate portion and at least one upper portion, which lower portion forms a foundation to be located on a sea floor, which intermediate portion forms a base column fixed to the foundation and arranged to support the at least one upper portion, according to the preamble of claim 1 .
  • the present in- vention also relates to a method for manufacturing an offshore structure and a method for deploying an offshore structure on a sea floor.
  • a common feature with offshore structures is that they are substantially large and heavy, which poses difficulties in transporting the structures to intended sites. Another common feature is that they are very difficult to install, whereby they require very large and costly specialized vessels.
  • a known way to transport such offshore structures to a site is by towing. This is realized by providing the foundation of the structure with ballasting compartments, that are empty during towing and that are filled with ballast, e.g. sea water or other ballast medium, when the foundation is sunk and anchored to the sea floor. Towing large and heavy floating structures is extremely weather dependent and slow, which causes additional difficulties and expenses. Examples of such structures may be found e.g.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of background art and to achieve an offshore structure that has a lightweight and sim- pie design and that can easily be transported to an offshore site in a variety of weather conditions and deployed at the offshore site regardless of site depth and sea floor soil character.
  • This object can be attained by means of an offshore structure according to claim 1 .
  • the offshore structure according to the invention is intended as a support for a superstructure, such as a windmill or a thereto related substation, or for other offshore operation units, including drilling platforms, lighthouses, or other offshore platforms, as well as for bridges.
  • the offshore structure according to the invention is intended as a support for each individual leg or pillar of the construction, which together support a superstructure as mentioned above.
  • the offshore structure of the present invention has a gravity based foundation which keeps the supported arrangements in an upright position.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to provide a hollow and modular assembly including standardized components that readily can be assembled into an offshore structure of given dimensions. This is realized by configuring the foundation of the offshore structure as a unitary hollow frame structure with an open bottom surface and with an open top surface arranged around the base column.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure is composed of bulkhead elements attached to each other in order to form adjacent open cells with respective open bottom surface sections and open top surface sections within the unitary hollow frame structure.
  • the open bottom surface sections and the open top surface sections of the open cells together form the open bottom surface and the open top surface of the unitary hollow frame structure.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure composed of bulkhead elements provides for standardization.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure facilitates lowering the offshore structure on to the sea floor as practically no resistance is encountered since water freely can flow through the open cells when the offshore structure is lowered onto the sea floor.
  • a concrete layer can be cast within the open cells and subsequently the open cells can be filled with ballasting material in order to secure the frame structure, and consequently the offshore structure to the sea floor.
  • An offshore structure is generally vertically positioned vis-a-vis the sea floor.
  • the bulkhead elements are advantageously arranged radially and circumferen- tially with respect to the base column. In this way the open cells can be evenly distributed around the central column in a balanced configuration.
  • the base column is advantageously arranged eccentrically with respect to the unitary hollow frame structure of the foundation.
  • Such an eccen- trie configuration is advantageous e.g. when the offshore structure is arranged as a support for one leg or for one pillar of a multi-legged or multi-pillar construction.
  • the base column is supported by first bracket elements.
  • the first bracket elements are preferably fastened to the upper side of radially arranged bulkhead elements adjacent the base column and to the outside of the base column. This gives the necessary stability to the base column with respect to its height.
  • the size, form and possible reinforcement of the first bracket elements can be adapted to the prevailing conditions, such as the height of the offshore structure or a given normal water level.
  • the at least one upper portion of the offshore structure advantageously includes a second column that is fastened to and supported by the base column.
  • the cross-section of the base column and the cross-section of the second column are equal. This provides for a streamlined configuration that can be manufactured from standardized parts.
  • the base column and the second column may thus advantageously be in the form of tubes of equal diameter.
  • the second column is advan- tageously provided with an ice cone.
  • the ice cone is formed by second bracket elements which are to be arranged circumferentially around the second column.
  • the second bracket elements are preferably covered by sheet elements in order to provide a surface structure for the ice cone.
  • the ice cone advantageously has a horizontally oriented top surface and a vertically oriented side surface, whereby the vertically oriented side surface includes a surface portion arranged to converge downwards towards the second column.
  • Such a configuration is beneficial in order to avoid undesired loads caused by surrounding ice formations.
  • This configuration is advantageous for deep water.
  • the side surface provides a practical quay side and the top surface a suitable access deck for an offshore supply vessel or other craft.
  • the ice cone has a horizontally oriented bottom surface and a vertically oriented side surface, whereby the vertically oriented side surface in- eludes a surface portion arranged to converge upwards towards the second column.
  • Such a configuration is beneficial in order to avoid undesired loads caused by surrounding ice formations.
  • This configuration is advantageous for shallow water, where the ice formations thus may assist in pressing the ice cone and consequently also the offshore structure towards the sea floor.
  • the at least one upper portion of the offshore structure advantageously includes additionally an intermediate column that can be inserted between the base column and the second column.
  • the intermediate column can be used for adjusting the height of the offshore structure.
  • the cross-section of the base column, the cross-section of the intermediate column and the cross-section of the second column are equal.
  • the base column, the intermediate column and the second column may thus advantageously be in the form of tubes of equal diameter.
  • Advantageously at least a number of the open cells, particularly those filled with ballast material, are provided with cover elements.
  • the cover elements prevent the erosion of ballast material contained by the cells when the offshore structure is deployed on the sea floor.
  • the cover elements are preferably of concrete in order to enhance erosion resistance.
  • the cover elements also add to the weight of the foundation when anchored to the sea floor.
  • the bulkhead elements of the foundation are made of corrugated steel plates or planar flat steel plates or curved steel plates. This is advantageous in view of manufacturing and allows for standardized pre-fabrication according to measure.
  • other materials facilitating manufacture could be used as well, e.g. concrete, fiberglass, etc. depending on required resistance at the intended deployment site of the offshore structure.
  • At least the foundation, the base column, the first bracket elements, the second column, the second bracket elements, the intermediate column, and the sheet elements are advantageously made of steel. This is advantageous in view of manufacturing and allows for standardized pre-fabrication according to measure thus providing for an easily modularized offshore structure.
  • other materials facilitating manufacture could be used as well, e.g. concrete, fiberglass, etc. depending on required resistance at the intended deployment site of the offshore structure.
  • the offshore structure provides a support for a superstructure, whereby the superstructure is supported on the upper portion of the offshore structure.
  • the superstructure may e.g. include a windmill or a thereto related substation, or other offshore operation units as mentioned above.
  • the superstructure would thus be supported on each of the uppermost columns of each of the offshore structures.
  • Figure 1 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the offshore structure installed on the sea floor
  • Figure 12 illustrates a second embodiment of the offshore structure installed on the sea floor
  • Figure 13 illustrates a third embodiment of the offshore structure installed on the sea floor
  • Figure 14 illustrates a detail of a fourth embodiment of the offshore structure
  • Figure 15 illustrates a detail of a fifth embodiment of the offshore structure
  • Figure 16 illustrates a first embodiment of the foundation of the offshore structure
  • Figure 17 illustrates a second embodiment of the foundation of the offshore structure
  • Figure 18 illustrates a third embodiment of the foundation of the offshore structure
  • Figure 19 illustrates a detail of a sixth embodiment of the offshore structure
  • Figure 20 illustrates an example of deploying the offshore structure according to Figure 19. Detailed description
  • Figures 1 -10 illustrate an example of an offshore structure 1 according to the invention from component level to an assembled state.
  • Figure 10 shows the offshore structure 1 comprising a lower portion, an intermediate portion and at least one upper portion in an assembled state.
  • the lower portion forms a foundation 2 in the form of a unitary hollow frame structure 27 composed of bulkhead elements 21 , 22, which form adjacent open cells 28 of the unitary hollow frame structure 27.
  • the intermediate portion forms a base column 3 fixed to the foundation 2.
  • the at least one upper portion forms a second column 41 .
  • the second column 41 is fixed on top of the base column 3.
  • the second column 41 is provided with an ice cone 5.
  • the lower portion, the intermediate portion, and the upper portion will be discussed below in more detail.
  • the at least one upper portion could also include an addi- tional intermediate column as discussed in more detail in connection with Figures 1 1 -13.
  • FIG. 1 shows two different bulkhead elements 21 , 22.
  • the bulkhead element 21 is made of a corrugated steel plate and the bulkhead element 22 is made of a planar flat steel plate.
  • the flat steel plate can be provided with stiffeners 23 for reinforcement.
  • the bulkhead element combination as indicated by reference numeral 25 is composed of a corrugated steel plate and a flat steel plate joined together by a flange 24 fastened to opposite sides of the joined bulkhead elements.
  • the bulkhead elements of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 forming the foundation 2 can be of the same type or of different type.
  • the bulkhead element 26 can also be made of a planar curved steel plate as shown in Figures 17 and 18.
  • the choice of the type of bulkhead elements can be made based on the size and the expected load of the offshore structure, or for example on the basis of available production facilities.
  • Figure 2 shows the base column 3. This is advantageously made of steel tube, which is easy to manufacture and to standardize.
  • the base column 3 is provided with a bottom flange 31 for closing the bottom of the base column 3.
  • the base column 3 does not have to be in the form of a tube, it can also have a different cross-section, e.g. a polygon.
  • Figure 3 shows one half of the foundation 2 in an assembled state
  • Figure 4 shows the base column 3 attached to the first half of the foundation 2
  • Figure 5 shows the foundation 2 and the base column 3 assembled as one unit.
  • the foundation 2 is formed of a unitary hollow frame structure 27 with an open bottom surface and an open top surface.
  • the bulkhead elements 21 , 22 included in the unitary hollow frame structure 27 are attached to each other so that they are arranged radially and circumferentially with respect to the base column 3, which is thus located in the center of the foundation 2.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure 27 is thus composed of the bulkhead elements 21 , 22 attached to each other in order to form adjacent open cells 28 with respective open bottom surface sections and respective open top surface sections of the unitary hollow frame structure 27.
  • the open cells 28 are distributed in two rings, an inner ring around the base column 3 and an outer ring around the inner ring. If desirable, e.g. for stability reason, further outer rings, and thus more cells, can be added to the foundation.
  • the height of the bulkhead elements can be varied in order to influence the size of the open cells 28 and the amount of ballast material they can receive (discussed below in connection with Figures 1 1 -15).
  • Figure 6 shows first bracket elements 32, which are intended to be fastened to the foundation 2 on one hand and to the base column 3 on the other hand as shown in Figure 7.
  • the first bracket elements 32 shown in this embodiment are triangular plates made of steel and provided with stiffeners 33 and flanges 34. Their purpose is to strengthen and support the base column 3 with respect to the foundation 2.
  • the first bracket elements 32 are provided with flanges 34.
  • the first bracket elements 32 are fastened to the upper side of the radially arranged bulkhead elements 22, in this embodiment to the flanges 24, in the above mentioned inner ring around the base col- umn 3.
  • Wires, poles, rails, or other corresponding parts could be used as an alternative for the first bracket elements depending on the prevailing support demands.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show an upper portion of the offshore structure, i.e. in this embodiment a second column 41 , which advantageously is provided with an ice cone 5.
  • the second column 41 is advantageously made of a steel tube, which is easy to manufacture and to standardize.
  • the cross-section of the second column 41 can be different, e.g. a polygon.
  • the cross- section of the base column and the cross-section of the second column are equal.
  • the tubes would thus have an equal diameter. In this way the base column 3 and the second column 41 can easily be attached to each other forming a streamlined body.
  • the second column 41 is attached on top of the base column 3.
  • the ice cone 5 is particularly advantageous, if the offshore structure is intended for arctic or semi-arctic conditions.
  • Figure 8 shows the ice cone 5 as intended to be arranged around the second column 41 .
  • the ice cone 5 has a configuration constituted partly of a cylinder (upper part) and partly of a trun- cated cone (lower part).
  • the body of the ice cone 5 is formed of second bracket elements 51 arranged radially so as to be arranged around the circumference of the second column 41 when fastened thereto.
  • the second bracket elements 51 are covered by sheet elements 52 in order to provide the ice cone 5 with a horizontally oriented top surface 53, a vertically oriented side surface 54, and a surface portion 55 arranged to converge downwards towards the second column 41 .
  • the configuration of the ice cone 5 is achieved by the shape of the second bracket elements 51 .
  • An ice cone according to this embodiment has a configuration advantageous for relatively deep waters since the form is suitable for breaking ice formations that engage the ice cone.
  • the ice cone can also be inverted with respect to the ice cone of the above discussed embodiment.
  • An inverted ice cone is discussed in connection with Figure 14.
  • Figure 10 shows the offshore structure in an assembled state with the components fastened to each other comprising the foundation 2, the base column 3, and the second column 41 provided with the ice cone 5.
  • the offshore structure according to the present invention discussed above can be a so-called stand-alone structure for independently supporting a superstructure, such as a windmill or a thereto related substation, or for supporting other offshore operation units, including drilling platforms, lighthouses, or other off- shore platforms. The superstructure would thus be supported on the uppermost column of the offshore structure.
  • the offshore structure of the present invention can also be designed as a support for one leg of e.g. a jacket-structure having for example three legs, which are joined together for supporting a common superstructure, e.g. a windmill or other offshore operation units, or as a support for the legs of a multi-legged offshore platform or the like.
  • each of the legs would have an independent support provided by an offshore structure according to the invention.
  • the superstructure would thus be supported on the respective upper- most columns of the respective offshore structures.
  • Figures 1 1 , 12 and 13 show three embodiments of the offshore structure 1 according to the invention located on a sea floor S.
  • a given normal water level is indicated by WL.
  • the main difference between the embodiments is mainly de- pendent on the prevailing water depth at the site where the offshore structure is intended to be deployed.
  • the height of the offshore structure can easily be adjusted by means of the height of the base column 3. This provides for a modularized and standardized component. Additionally or alternatively, the height can be adjusted by an optional intermediate column 42 of varying height. Clearly, the height can also be adjusted by varying the height of the second column 41 .
  • modules can be produced in order to adapt the offshore structure for any intended site, particularly with regard to varying water depths and potential ice conditions.
  • the foundation 2, the base column 3, the second column 41 and the ice cone 5 are provided with a general configuration as dis- cussed above in connection with Figures 1 -10.
  • the base column 3 is presented in three modularized versions of different heights in Figures 1 1 -13.
  • the base column 3 has a given first height hi with the support of first bracket elements 32 including stiffeners 33 and flanges 34 and is arranged as discussed above in connection with Figures 2 and 6.
  • An optional intermediate column is indicated by reference numeral 42.
  • the base column 3 is shorter than in Figure 1 1 with a given se- cond height h2 and with a correspondingly dimensioned support.
  • An optional intermediate column is indicated by reference numeral 42.
  • the cross-section of the intermediate column 42, the base column 3 and the second column 41 are equal, e.g. tubes with equal diameter.
  • the cross-sections can be different, e.g. a polygon.
  • Figure 13 shows an offshore structure for very shallow water, in which a limited third height h3 of the base column 3 is only supported by relatively small first brackets 32.
  • An additional advantage of such small first brackets 32 in very shallow waters is discussed below in connection with Figure 15.
  • the foundation 2 with the base column 3 and the second column 41 with the ice cone 5 are formed of principally the same, easily standardized components.
  • the height of the offshore structure may as well be achieved by varying the height of the second column 41 or by using an optional intermediate column 42 in between the base column 3 and the second column 41 as noted above.
  • Support for an elevated height of the base column 3 can easily be achieved also by designing the foundation 2 so that the open cells 28 of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 are deeper and can receive more ballast material (discussed more in detail below). Basically this means that the bulkhead elements are dimensioned accordingly.
  • FIG 14 shows a detail of a further embodiment of the offshore structure 1 according to the invention with an inverted ice cone 5.
  • the second brackets 51 are in an inverted position with respect to the position of the ice cone discussed above.
  • the inverted ice cone 5 has a configuration constituted partly of a cylinder (lower part) and partly of a truncated cone (upper part). Consequently, this ice cone 5 is provided with a horizontally oriented bottom surface 56 and a vertically oriented side surface 57 with a surface portion 58 arranged to converge upwards towards the second column 41 .
  • the configuration of the ice cone 5 is achieved by the shape of the second bracket elements 51 .
  • the inverted ice cone 5 is preferably covered with corresponding sheet elements 52 as discussed above in connection with Figure 8. A given normal water level in this case is indicated by WL.
  • ice cone e.g. by a frame structure and supporting webs.
  • Such an ice cone is particularly advantageous at shallow waters in arctic or semi-arctic conditions. Due to the upwards turned truncated-cone configuration the ice formations thus may assist in pressing the ice cone and consequently also the offshore structure towards the sea floor. This prevents the ice formations from lifting the offshore structure from the sea floor.
  • FIG 15 shows yet another embodiment of the offshore structure 1 according to the invention, which allows for handling ice formations in very shallow waters.
  • the ice formations can be broken up by means of the smaller first brackets 32 arranged around the base column 3 as discussed above in connection with Figure 13.
  • a given normal water level in this case is indicated by WL.
  • Wires, poles, rails, or other corresponding parts could be used as an alternative for the first bracket elements depending on the prevailing support de- mands.
  • Figures 16-18 illustrate three alternative configurations of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 of the foundation 2 in sectional view.
  • the sectional view is taken at the level of the connection between the bulkhead elements 21 , 22, 26 and the first bracket elements 32 as discussed above.
  • the foundation 2 of Figure 16, i.e. the unitary hollow frame structure 27, is mainly constructed of bulkhead elements 21 in the form of corrugated steel plates.
  • the radially arranged bulkhead elements 22 of the inner ring, adjacent the base column 3, are made of flat steel plates 22. Both the corrugated steel plate and the flat steel plate are easy to manufacture.
  • both plate types enhance the lightweight structure of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 with the open cells 28 of the foundation 2. This embodiment corresponds to the one discussed in connection with Figures 1 -10.
  • the outward oriented curvature of the bulkhead elements 26 gives increased stability by means of lesser material thickness and/or by means of plates with a larger non-reinforced area.
  • the ballast material in the open cells 28 of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 sup- ports and stiffens the open cells formed by the curved steel plates.
  • the manufacturing process defined as a method for manufacturing an offshore structure, can easily be integrated into the logistics and the working processes of a shipyard, particularly if the components are made of steel.
  • the material for the various components used for the offshore structure in question e.g.
  • the base column 3 and the bottom flange 31 , the first bracket elements 32, including stiffeners 33 and flanges 34 when relevant, as well as the second column 41 , the intermediate column 42, the se- cond bracket elements 51 and the sheet elements 52 can be pre-treated and cut for having modularized and standardized components.
  • the sheet elements 52 of the ice cone 5 can be provided with a stainless steel surface. This can be followed by bending and welding the components and subjecting them to required surface treatment.
  • the various components can then be placed in interim storage within limited space before the offshore structure 1 is assembled into one unit as discussed in connection with Figure 10.
  • the various components, except for the intermediate column 42, and the vari- ous stages of semi-assembly are discussed more in detail above in connection with Figures 1 -9.
  • the various components of the modularized offshore structure can then be assembled in view of e.g. a given height and size of foundation. This can take place in one sequence or stepwise as described in connection with Figures 1 - 10.
  • the semi-assembled or assembled offshore structure 1 can then yet be placed in interim storage, if necessary, before loading onto a carrier in order to be taken out to a deployment site.
  • the more or less hollow steel offshore structure 1 with the foundation 2 formed as a unitary hollow frame structure 27 composed of bulkhead elements forming adjacent open cells 28, as discussed in this embodiment, is relatively light in comparison with known similar offshore structures, which facilitates its loading, transporting and off-loading at site.
  • the hollow offshore structure 1 can be lowered from the carrier to the sea floor S with almost no resistance due to the unitary hollow frame structure 27.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure 27 has an open bottom surface and an open top surface in that the unitary hollow frame structure 27 is constructed of bulkhead elements forming adjacent open cells 28 with respective open bottom surface sections and respective open top surface sections.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure 27 will settle on the sea floor S by its own structural mass. Once on the sea floor, the next steps would be to secure the position of the offshore structure 1 with respect to the sea floor S.
  • the offshore structure can be adapted to a given normal water level WL.
  • the sea floor S is prepared so that a concrete layer 7 can be cast at least at the bottom of a number of open cells 28 after the unitary hollow frame structure 27 of the foundation 2 has been lowered and has settled on to the prepared sea floor S.
  • the offshore structure 1 with its unitary hollow frame structure 27 composed of the open cells 28 is lowered on to the sea floor S.
  • the concrete layer 7 is preferably cast in a subsequent phase at the bottom of the open cells 28 of the unitary hollow frame structure 27 of the foundation 2 and, if so desired, also on the bottom of the base column 3.
  • the open cells 28 can be provided with an internal grid of iron bar that advantageously is welded in place already in connection with the manufacturing process of the offshore structure.
  • so-called fiber concrete can be used, since the flanges on the bulkhead elements provide sufficient surface area for retaining the con- crete in the cells.
  • the bulkhead elements forming the open cells 28 are provided with downwards oriented skirt portions.
  • the skirt portions provide stability against any undesired lateral movements of the foundation of the offshore structure.
  • the skirt portions would be made in connection with the above described manufacturing process.
  • mini-piles could be used as an additional stabilizing measure.
  • the mini-piles can easily be driven into the relatively soft sea floor and fastened at their upper end to the concrete layer 7 within the relevant cells 28.
  • a first ballast material 8 e.g. gravel or other similar material.
  • the first ballast material 8 is advantageously granular for easy handling.
  • the cells 28 can also be provided with a removable internal grid for carrying ballast material of courser structure.
  • concrete or fiber concrete can be used as the first ballast material.
  • the first ballast material can also be a combination of the above.
  • the base column 3, if so desired, is filled at least partly with a second ballast material 9, e.g. sand or other similar material, preferably up to the level of the ice cone 5.
  • the second ballast material 9 is advantageously also granular for ease of handling.
  • concrete or fiber concrete can be used as the second ballast material.
  • the second ballast material can also be a combi- nation of the above.
  • the open cells 28 that would be filled would preferably be the open cells 28 in the outer ring.
  • the filled cells 28 are advantageously covered by cover elements 6, which prevent erosion and also provide additional ballast weight.
  • the cover elements 6 prevent that the granular ballast material, if used as the first ballast material, flows away from the cells. Furthermore, this allows for using only the necessary amount of ballast material needed for stabilizing the foundation 2 on the sea floor S.
  • the cover elements 6 are preferably prefabricated concrete blocks. In order to increase the weight of the cover elements 6, material, such as waste ore or other corresponding material can be mixed with the concrete. If necessary, extra weights can be placed on the cover elements. If concrete or fiber concrete is used as the first ballast material, separate cover elements 6 for the cells 28 would not be necessary.
  • this column can also be at least partly filled with the second ballast material 9 for stability.
  • the second column 41 can also be at least partly filled with the second ballast material 9.
  • the degree of the optional filling of the base column 3, an intermediate column 42 and a second column 41 with ballast material is preferably chosen with respect to prevailing stability criteria.
  • the installation can then be finalized by providing an additional layer 10, a so- called scouring layer of e.g. very course gravel and stones around the foundation 2.
  • the offshore structure 1 is deployed on the sea floor S taking into account its desired use and properties in view of a given normal water level L. Practically this means using an offshore structure 1 of suitable height. Examples of deployed offshore structures 1 with respect to the given normal water level WL are shown in Figures 1 1 -15.
  • the ice cone 5 is shown to be at the given normal water level WL, preferably so that the converging surface por- tion 55 or the converging surface portion 58 is at the given normal water level WL. This enhances the ice breaking properties of the ice cone 5.
  • Figure 14 shows the offshore structure 1 (without an ice cone 5) at the given normal water level WL. In this case it is advantageous the relatively small first brackets 32 are at the given normal water level WL for the purposes given above.
  • the above described method avoids using various complicated injection techniques for filling ballasting material into closed ballast compartments as known from prior art.
  • the various ballast materials and the additional layer can be easily removed from the offshore structure due to their granular nature.
  • the concrete layer 7 can be provided with lifting loops or other lifting fixtures, to which lifting wires can be attached.
  • bores could be drilled or pre-formed into the concrete layer 7, through which bores e.g. air or water can be directed under the concrete layer 7 in order to levitate the concrete layer 7 from the sea floor S.
  • FIG 19 shows yet another embodiment of the offshore structure 1 according to the invention.
  • the base column 3 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the unitary hollow frame structure 27 of the foundation 2.
  • the unitary hollow frame structure 27 is constructed of bulkhead elements 21 as discussed above.
  • bulkhead elements 22 and 26 can be used, such as bulkhead elements 22 and 26.
  • Such an eccentric configuration is advantageous e.g. when the offshore structure 1 is arranged as a support for one leg or for one pillar of a multi-legged or multi-pillar construction as mentioned above and as very schematically illustrated in Figure 20 by way of an example.
  • FIG. 1 the unitary hollow frame structure 27 of the foundation 2 composed of the bulkhead elements 21 forming adjacent open cells 28 is shown only very schematically. All the components of the offshore structure, such as the bulkhead elements of various design, the first bracket elements with possible stiffeners and flanges, further columns (in this embodiment the second column 41 is also schematically indicated), and ice cone, etc. can be applied also to this eccentric configuration (particularly as discussed in connection with Figures 1 -18 above).
  • Figure 20 shows a multi-legged construction including three offshore constructions 1 each supporting one leg of a three-legged arrangement for supporting a superstructure indicated by reference numeral 1 1 . The superstructure is thus supported on the respective uppermost columns (in this embodiment the second column 41 is also indicated) of the respective offshore structures.
  • each of the legs can also be vertical depending on the configuration of the superstructure.
  • the manufacturing process of each of the offshore structures can be carried out with respect to the eccentric configuration in a corresponding manner as discussed above.
  • the method for deploying each of the offshore structures with an eccentric configuration can also be carried out in a corresponding manner as discussed above.
  • the advantage of the eccentric configuration is that particularly the cells 28 can be more easily be reached and filled with ballast material in connection with a multi-legged construction.
  • the manufacturing process can readily be rationalized and adapted to existing conditions in e.g. shipyards and other similar construction facilities, thus taking into account of the materials used for the offshore structure.
  • the offshore structure and its components can be modularized and standardized in order to satisfy various needs of offshore structures, such as to size and load resistance, and varying water depths.
  • the modularized and standardized components are suitable for serial production, which gives short lead-times. If the components are made of steel, this further accelerates production, since no drying or hardening time is needed, which would be the case e.g. with con- crete.
  • the optional ice cone is suitable for demanding ice conditions as well as for use as a docking facility for offshore supply vessels, particularly when having a form of a combined cylinder and downwards oriented truncated cone.
  • the in- verted ice cone is suitable for more shallow waters.
  • the hollow and light configuration of the offshore structure allows for ease of transport to various sites, and particularly, for fast installation, which is very important considering the short installation window in arctic and semi- arctic conditions. Also, due to the configuration of the offshore structure, transport is practically immune to varying weather conditions, including strong wave and wind conditions.
  • the offshore structure which provides very limited resistance due to its hollow configuration, sinks down on the sea floor due to its own weight. Further, the securing of the offshore structure is easy and fast due to its hollow configuration, as described above.
  • An offshore structure according to the invention can be equipped and outfitted in view of its intended purpose.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure offshore, comprenant une fondation (2) destinée à être positionnée sur un fond marin et une colonne de base (3) fixée à la fondation (2). La colonne de base supporte une deuxième colonne (41) pourvue d'un cône brise-glace (5) éventuel. Afin d'obtenir une fondation (2) légère et stable, la fondation se présente sous la forme d'une structure de châssis creux unitaire (27) avec une surface inférieure ouverte et une surface supérieure ouverte agencée autour de la colonne de base (3). La structure de châssis creux (27) est composée d'éléments de cloison (21, 22) fixés l'un à l'autre de manière à former des cellules ouvertes adjacentes (28) de la structure de châssis creux unitaire (27) avec des sections de surface inférieure ouverte et des sections de surface supérieure ouverte respectives. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'une structure offshore et un procédé de déploiement d'une structure offshore sur un fond marin.
PCT/FI2013/050990 2012-10-18 2013-10-17 Structure offshore WO2014060650A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20126086A FI20126086L (fi) 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Offshore-rakenne
FI20126086 2012-10-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014060650A2 true WO2014060650A2 (fr) 2014-04-24
WO2014060650A3 WO2014060650A3 (fr) 2014-07-31

Family

ID=49679546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2013/050990 WO2014060650A2 (fr) 2012-10-18 2013-10-17 Structure offshore

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI20126086L (fr)
WO (1) WO2014060650A2 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104533724A (zh) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-22 江苏海事职业技术学院 智能减振型深海浮式风机
WO2016156624A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 Drace Infraestructuras, S.A. Fondation par gravité pour l'installation d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes
CN106812154A (zh) * 2017-03-13 2017-06-09 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 后装配式抗冰锥海上基础结构及其安装方法
WO2017174834A1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Dragados, S.A. Dispositif de protection contre l'affouillement de remblais granulaires submergés dans des structures de gravité
KR20190074393A (ko) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 경량 스퍼드캔
AT521433A1 (de) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-15 Holcim Technology Ltd Fundament für ein Windkraftwerk
WO2020115474A1 (fr) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 The University Of Birmingham Structure de support
WO2021094630A1 (fr) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-20 Beridi Maritime S.L. Structure pour support d'installations marines et procédé d'exécution
EP3879035A1 (fr) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-15 Pori Offshore Constructions Oy Fondation marine, agencement, utilisation d'une fondation marine et procédé d'installation et de désinstallation d'une fondation marine
CN113789808A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-14 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 具有扰流条的海上风电吸力筒基础
US11428363B2 (en) * 2018-08-14 2022-08-30 Lamprell Energy Lt. Grillage apparatus and method of using and making same
GB2604909A (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-21 Subsea 7 Ltd Subsea foundations
CN116657573A (zh) * 2021-02-05 2023-08-29 成都蜂装钢构集团有限公司 一种海上平台结构
JP7492283B1 (ja) 2022-11-24 2024-05-29 株式会社四国Ｇａ 着床式洋上架台の構築方法、着床式洋上架台、及び洋上風力発電装置

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US720997A (en) 1902-10-07 1903-02-17 Edmund Becker Art of establishing subaqueous foundations.
GB2017794A (en) 1978-03-29 1979-10-10 Chevron Res Offshore Structure
US5383748A (en) 1991-06-19 1995-01-24 Kvaerner Earl And Wright (A Division Of Kvaerner H&G Offshore Ltd.) Offshore structure and installation method
US6371695B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2002-04-16 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Offshore caisson having upper and lower sections separated by a structural diaphragm and method of installing the same
WO2005038146A1 (fr) 2003-10-17 2005-04-28 University Of Southampton Fondations marines
EP1876093A1 (fr) 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Arcadis Consult GmbH Fondation offshore flottante et procédé de son réalisation
GB2460551A (en) 2008-06-07 2009-12-09 Concrete Marine Structures Ltd Tower Structure and Method of Raising and Lowering Same
WO2010138978A2 (fr) 2009-05-05 2010-12-02 Ahmed Phuly Engineering & Consulting, Inc. Fondation résistant à la fatigue
WO2010143967A2 (fr) 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Seatower As Fondation à trois pieds
US20110158750A1 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-06-30 Max Bogl Bauunternehmung Gmbh & Co. Kg Offshore Station, Foundation for an Offshore Station, and Method for Building an Offshore Station
WO2012019050A1 (fr) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Champ vht-sig-b dans des paquets de données nuls (ndp)
EP2479103A1 (fr) 2011-01-25 2012-07-25 Dcns Support flottant pour structure de type éolienne

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB843339A (en) * 1958-03-18 1960-08-04 Bataafsche Petroleum Improvements in or relating to off-shore platforms
FR2395359A2 (fr) * 1977-06-24 1979-01-19 Emh Perfectionnements apportes aux plates-formes d'exploitation du fond-marin
SE440804B (sv) * 1981-01-26 1985-08-19 Klas Heyman Pa bedd av friktionsmaterial uppstellbar stodkonstruktion
NO329946B2 (no) * 2008-08-14 2011-01-31 Olav Olsen As Dr Techn Fundament for en vindturbingenerator til havs samt fremgangsmåte for bygging og installasjon av fundamentet

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US720997A (en) 1902-10-07 1903-02-17 Edmund Becker Art of establishing subaqueous foundations.
GB2017794A (en) 1978-03-29 1979-10-10 Chevron Res Offshore Structure
US5383748A (en) 1991-06-19 1995-01-24 Kvaerner Earl And Wright (A Division Of Kvaerner H&G Offshore Ltd.) Offshore structure and installation method
US6371695B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2002-04-16 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Offshore caisson having upper and lower sections separated by a structural diaphragm and method of installing the same
WO2005038146A1 (fr) 2003-10-17 2005-04-28 University Of Southampton Fondations marines
EP1876093A1 (fr) 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Arcadis Consult GmbH Fondation offshore flottante et procédé de son réalisation
GB2460551A (en) 2008-06-07 2009-12-09 Concrete Marine Structures Ltd Tower Structure and Method of Raising and Lowering Same
US20110158750A1 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-06-30 Max Bogl Bauunternehmung Gmbh & Co. Kg Offshore Station, Foundation for an Offshore Station, and Method for Building an Offshore Station
WO2010138978A2 (fr) 2009-05-05 2010-12-02 Ahmed Phuly Engineering & Consulting, Inc. Fondation résistant à la fatigue
WO2010143967A2 (fr) 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Seatower As Fondation à trois pieds
WO2012019050A1 (fr) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Champ vht-sig-b dans des paquets de données nuls (ndp)
EP2479103A1 (fr) 2011-01-25 2012-07-25 Dcns Support flottant pour structure de type éolienne

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104533724A (zh) * 2015-01-04 2015-04-22 江苏海事职业技术学院 智能减振型深海浮式风机
CN104533724B (zh) * 2015-01-04 2017-05-17 江苏海事职业技术学院 智能减振型深海浮式风机
WO2016156624A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 Drace Infraestructuras, S.A. Fondation par gravité pour l'installation d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes
EP3276086A4 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2019-02-20 Drace Infraestructuras, S.A. Fondation par gravité pour l'installation d'aérogénérateurs au large des côtes
US10443574B2 (en) 2015-03-27 2019-10-15 Drace Infraestructuras, S.A. Gravity foundation for the installation of offshore wind turbines
WO2017174834A1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-12 Dragados, S.A. Dispositif de protection contre l'affouillement de remblais granulaires submergés dans des structures de gravité
US10450714B2 (en) 2016-04-07 2019-10-22 Dragados, S.A. Device for protecting against the scouring of granular fillings submerged in gravity structures
EP3441530A4 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2019-10-23 Dragados, S.A. Dispositif de protection contre l'affouillement de remblais granulaires submergés dans des structures de gravité
CN106812154A (zh) * 2017-03-13 2017-06-09 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 后装配式抗冰锥海上基础结构及其安装方法
KR20190074393A (ko) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 경량 스퍼드캔
KR102027212B1 (ko) * 2017-12-20 2019-10-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 경량 스퍼드캔
WO2020012346A1 (fr) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-16 Holcim Technology Ltd Base pour une éolienne
AT521433B1 (de) * 2018-07-13 2021-12-15 Holcim Technology Ltd Fundament für ein Windkraftwerk
CN112654748A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2021-04-13 霍尔辛姆科技有限公司 用于风力设备的基座
AT521433A1 (de) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-15 Holcim Technology Ltd Fundament für ein Windkraftwerk
US11578698B2 (en) 2018-07-13 2023-02-14 Holcim Technology Ltd Foundation for a windmill
US11428363B2 (en) * 2018-08-14 2022-08-30 Lamprell Energy Lt. Grillage apparatus and method of using and making same
WO2020115474A1 (fr) * 2018-12-05 2020-06-11 The University Of Birmingham Structure de support
WO2021094630A1 (fr) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-20 Beridi Maritime S.L. Structure pour support d'installations marines et procédé d'exécution
CN114746610A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2022-07-12 贝瑞迪海事有限公司 用于支承海上设施的结构和实施方法
JP2023509095A (ja) * 2019-11-12 2023-03-06 ベリディ マリタイム ソシエダッド リミターダ 海洋設備を支持するための構造体及びその実施方法
EP3879035A1 (fr) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-15 Pori Offshore Constructions Oy Fondation marine, agencement, utilisation d'une fondation marine et procédé d'installation et de désinstallation d'une fondation marine
CN116657573A (zh) * 2021-02-05 2023-08-29 成都蜂装钢构集团有限公司 一种海上平台结构
GB2604909A (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-21 Subsea 7 Ltd Subsea foundations
EP4060121A1 (fr) 2021-03-18 2022-09-21 Subsea 7 Limited Fondations sous-marines
CN113789808A (zh) * 2021-09-16 2021-12-14 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 具有扰流条的海上风电吸力筒基础
JP7492283B1 (ja) 2022-11-24 2024-05-29 株式会社四国Ｇａ 着床式洋上架台の構築方法、着床式洋上架台、及び洋上風力発電装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014060650A3 (fr) 2014-07-31
FI20126086L (fi) 2014-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2014060650A2 (fr) Structure offshore
US8696246B2 (en) Supporting element for an offshore wind turbine, production method thereof and method for installing same
DK2776634T3 (en) Procedure for installing an offshore tower
US8534958B2 (en) Offshore station, foundation for an offshore station, and method for building an offshore station
US20180030680A1 (en) Structures for offshore installations
CA2688337A1 (fr) Socle d'installation d'aerogenerateurs dans une masse d'eau et methode de fabrication dudit socle
EP4060121A1 (fr) Fondations sous-marines
CN100501014C (zh) 单壁钢吊箱及其施工工法
CA2597054C (fr) Systeme destine a stabiliser les structures en mer a embase-poids
KR20140051531A (ko) 해양 지지구조물과 그 제조방법 및 시공방법
CA1228990A (fr) Plate-forme de forage en mer
EP4286592A2 (fr) Procédé d'installation d'un support pour supporter une structure de charge, telle qu'une éolienne, par exemple sur un fond marin
CN210104785U (zh) 具有破冰结构的重力式海上风机基础
US20240191449A1 (en) Method and associated apparatus
CN219012775U (zh) 用于海上设施的基础以及海上设施
US20230340745A1 (en) Submersible foundation and systems and methods for manufacturing and using the same
AU689950B2 (en) Method for constructing and installing an offshore gravity plaftorm structure and platform structure designed for the implementation of this method
EP0178311A1 (fr) Plate-forme a gravite pour une grande profondeur d'eau, son procede de fabrication et utilisation d'une telle plate-forme
WO2015126237A1 (fr) Structure de support en mer et ses procédés d'installation
CN117999390A (zh) 基于重力的地基

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13798362

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13798362

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2