WO2014060163A1

WO2014060163A1 - Weld-free pot volute casing

Info

Publication number: WO2014060163A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/069171
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jan Weule
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2012-10-16
Filing date: 2013-09-16
Publication date: 2014-04-24
Also published as: IN2015DN02442A; EP2885544B1; RU2015114807A; RU2630950C2; CN104718380B; US20150260197A1; CN104718380A; EP2885544A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a pot (2) for a pot volute casing (1) for a turbo-motor (10), particularly for a compressor, and a pot volute casing (1) for a turbo-motor (10). According to the method for producing a pot (2) for a pot volute casing (1), the pot (2) is produced from a blank (3) using a chip-removing machining method. The pot volute casing (1) has a pot (2) produced in accordance with the method for producing a pot (2) for a pot volute casing (1).

Description

description

The invention relates to a method for producing a pot for a pot spiral housing for a turbomachine, in particular for a compressor, as well as a pot spiral housing for a turbomachine. Compressors or fluid compressing devices are used in various industries for various applications involving compression or compression of fluids, especially (process) gases. Well-known examples of this are turbo compressors in mobile industrial applications, such as in exhaust gas turbochargers or in jet engines, or in stationary industrial applications, such as transmission turbo compressors for air separation. In such a turbocompressor, which operates continuously in its mode of operation, the pressure increase (compression) of the fluid is brought about by an angular momentum of the fluid from inlet to outlet through a rotating, radially extending impeller of the turbo-compressor due to the rotation of the blades is increased. Here, i. In such a compressor stage, pressure and temperature of the fluid increase while the relative (flow) velocity of the fluid in the impeller or turbocharger wheel decreases. To the highest possible pressure increase or compression of the

To achieve fluids, several such compressor stages can be connected in series.

As types of turbocompressors, a distinction is made between radial and axial compressors.

In the axial compressor, the fluid to be compressed, for example a process gas, flows in a direction parallel to Axle (axial direction) through the compressor. In the centrifugal compressor, the gas flows axially into the impeller of

Compressor stage and is then deflected outwards (radial, radial direction). With multi-stage centrifugal compressors, a flow diversion is required behind each stage.

Combined types of axial and radial compressors draw large volume flows with their axial stages, which are compressed to high pressures in the subsequent radial stages.

While usually single-shaft machines are used, in (multi-stage) Getriebeturboverdichtern (shortly below only gear compressor) are the individual

Grouped compressor stages around a large gear, with several parallel (pinion) waves, each one or two - realized in housing structures, the inflow and outflow to the compressor stages causing spiral housings recorded - (arranged at free shaft ends of the pinion shafts turbochargers ) be driven by a large, in the housing-mounted drive gear, a large wheel.

In the spiral housing (in cup-shaped design also referred to as pot spiral housing), i. in a cylindrical bore in the volute, in addition to the impeller, a spiral insert is inserted in such a way that a space enclosed by the spiral casing and the spiral insert, a so-called annular space, remains in the cylindrical bore axially at the end of the spiral insert, over which the fluid flows from Impeller coming - flows radially over an expanding cross-section. Via a system piping, such as a pressure nozzle tube arranged on the volute casing with a pressure nozzle flange arranged thereon, the fluid then flows from the annular space further away from the compressor stage. Such a transmission compressor, a transmission compressor of

Company Siemens with the designation STC-GC, used for air separation, is out

http: // www. energy. Siemens. com / hq / de / compression-EXPANSION ventilation / turbo compressor / gear turbo compressor / bars. htm (available on 05.10.2012).

The - the impeller receiving, the inflow and outflow of the fluid to or from the compressor stage or the impeller causing - spiral housing is usually executed, especially for small wheels, as welded or cast structures, the advantages - in the case of welded construction - in a short delivery time and simplified usability for high pressures and - in the case of the cast construction - in a high efficiency.

In a welded (pot) spiral housing whose components, namely pot, pressure nozzle tube, Druckstutzenflansch and collar, to the spiral housing or to the Topfspiralgehäu- se, welded.

In particular, for the connection of the pressure nozzle tube to the pot but an elaborate weld preparation is necessary in the welded cup spiral housing, as well as this welded connection is a weak point in the Topfspiralgehäuse. After the weld process, the pot spiral housing then still low stress annealed and sandblasted, which further complicates manufacturing costs and increases manufacturing costs.

The invention has for its object to provide a pot spiral housing for a turbomachine, which is simple and inexpensive to produce and / or mountable.

The object is achieved by a method for producing a pot for a pot spiral housing for a turbomachine and by a pot spiral housing for a turbomachine with the features according to the respective independent patent claim. According to the method for producing a pot for a pot spiral housing, it is provided that the pot is produced from a blank by a machining process. In this case, "blank" means a workpiece, for example a substantially block-shaped solid material body, which - containing the finished pot - is essentially unprocessed with regard to the shape and design of the finished pot Essentially finished form and design.

Under "by a machining process from the

Blank manufactured "is to be understood that the blank - for example, in a processing machine / - Center introduced or clamped - there in a machining operation by the machining process, for example by turning, milling and / or drilling in the machine or in the machining center processed is - and after the machining process as the substantially finished pot leaves the processing machine or center.

That is, the machining operation on the blank may be a single machining process technique performed on the blank, such as turning, milling or drilling. Also, the blank - in the one machining operation - by two or more different machining techniques, for example, by turning and milling or by turning and drilling or by milling and drilling or by turning, milling and drilling, are processed.

Without prejudice to this cutting, the pot-producing machining process from the blank, the blank can be preprocessed or be, for example, forged, in particular forged by Anschmieden a body part on a

Body. Also, without prejudice to this cutting, from the blank pot-producing machining operation, the pot can be post-processed or be, for example, by local Machining of outer and / or inner contour surfaces in the pot, such as an introduction of screwing and / or contact surfaces for additional components in a TopfOberfläche or aftertreatment of already created during the machining process operation Verschraubungs- and / or contact surfaces.

Expressed differently or simplified, according to the invention, the pot is produced by machining in a machining operation from a blank.

The pot spiral housing has a pot produced by the method for producing a pot for a pot spiral housing. Other components or components of Topfspiralgehäuses, such as a plant piping or a

Pressure nozzle tube, then, in particular directly, be screwed on or with the pot. As a result of the invention, it is possible to produce a weld-free pot (by pure machining from a blank in a machining operation) or a swirl-free pot spiral housing. Due to the fact that, in accordance with the invention, the pot or the volute casing can be made free of welding seams, the pre-processing or processing or post-processing steps otherwise necessary for the volute casing welding constructions, such as welding seam preparation, welding Annealing, sandblasting and weld testing are eliminated.

Since, according to the invention, the pressure-bearing pot of the volute casing or the pressure-bearing volute casing is or will be free of welded components, its manufacture is simplified and also safe in terms of process, and the pot or pot volute casing produced is extremely pressure-proof. Also, manufacturing times and / or error influencing possibilities in the production of the pot and the pot or pot spiral housing produced are minimized by the invention, eliminating by the invention otherwise necessary pre / processing or Bearbeitungszwischen- and post-processing steps.

The pot, as well as the pot spiral housing, according to the invention also extremely fast and inexpensive to produce, in particular in the invention, only a single component, i. the blank to be processed on the machine or in the machining center in a machining operation.

It is also possible to use common normal steels and / or high-alloyed steels for the pot or cup spiral housing according to the invention. Such steels can be provided inexpensively.

By manufacturing technically possible in the invention compact construction of the pot or the cup spiral housing of the pot on a small, as well as cost-effective processing machine / - Center - consequently also cost - produced. The invention also makes it possible that when implementing the invention in a turbomachine, such as a (gearbox) compressor, an expander or a turbine, there / there impeller / impellers and / or fluid flow / fluid flows can remain unchanged. That is, previous components of such turbomachines can be used in combination with the invention.

In particular, the previous weak point in welded cup spiral housings, ie the connection of the plant piping or the pressure nozzle tube with the pot, as well as other welds caused by weak points in welded cup spiral housings omitted in the invention, in particular the compound "pot / plant piping" via a screw connection of plant piping or

Pressure nozzle tube with the pot as well as the other connections are realized via appropriate fittings. A required Querschnitterweiterung to build up pressure and flow delay in a turbomachine or a compressor stage can then be implemented in the plant piping or in the pressure nozzle tube. Such a screw connection "pot / system piping", which is possible by the invention, then lies before a pressure build-up (and flow delay) in the pressure nozzle tube which can be embodied as a diffuser and is therefore less loaded. can otherwise (welded other components of the spiral housing, for example, the collar, by the invention together or integrated with the pot from the blank in the machining process be made processing.

Preferred developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims. According to a preferred development, the machining production method is a turning, a milling and / or a drilling. That is, the machining process on the blank may be a single, carried out on the blank machining process technology, such as a turning, milling or drilling, also the blank - in the machining process - by two or more different machining techniques, such as by turning and milling or by turning and drilling or by milling and drilling or by turning, milling and drilling.

Furthermore, it is expedient to dimension the blank in its shape and / or dimension as possible to save material. That is, the blank should be sized in shape and / or dimension, that during the machining process as little as possible material is removed from the blank.

According to a preferred development, the blank in cross section has a substantially teardrop-shaped outer contour. In other words, the blank contour is a% circle followed by a rectangle. Starting from such a blank mold, little material removal occurs during the machining.

Such, in cross-section substantially teardrop-shaped blank can be prepared by forging a body to a substantially cylindrical body in a die.

According to a further development, the blank is a substantially cuboidal or cylindrical, in particular forged, solid material body. Since bodies designed in this way are available "off the peg", such a molded or formed blank is particularly suitable for delivery time critical production. According to a further preferred development, the pot is or will be reworked, for example by local (reworking from an outside Thus, for example, in such a treatment for already in the machining process on the pot produced Verschraubungs- and / or contact surfaces, such as surfaces for additional connectable thereto with the pot components, such as the plant piping or the pressure nozzle tube, special surface properties, surface finishes and / or surface finishes are realized. Also by such post-processing of the pot only special fitting and / or contact surfaces - with special surface properties, surface textures and / or surface finishes - for additional, connectable via this with the pot components, such as the plant piping or the pressure pipe, on the surface of the Pot are introduced.

According to a preferred development, the Topfspiralge- housing on a screwed with the pot plant piping, in particular a screwed with the pot pressure nozzle tube, via which the inflow or outflow of the fluid of the turbomachine is feasible. This plant piping or this discharge pipe can be designed as a diffuser, there - in the case of a compressor as a turbomachine - a flow delay and pressure increase or - in the case of an expander or a turbine as a turbomachine - to achieve a flow acceleration and pressure reduction.

In a further preferred embodiment, the cup spiral housing according to the invention - installed as a receptacle for an impeller of a compressor stage and as a flow guide for a fluid in the compressor stage - in a Getriebeturboverdichter.

Furthermore, a gear box connection, for example a collar, for a gear or pinion shaft driving the impeller can be screwed to the pot of the cup spiral housing. About this gap creates an additional adjustment of Topfspiralgehäuses the pinion shaft axis on the gearbox. If necessary, this adjustment possibility can replace the previous adjustment possibility in this respect via the lock and support blocks, which is advantageous in particular in the case of flow machines without a parting line (stretch pinion shaft).

The description given so far of advantageous embodiments of the invention contains numerous features that in the individual subclaims are reproduced in part to several summarized. However, those skilled in the art will conveniently consider these features individually and summarize them to meaningful further combinations.

In figures, embodiments of the invention are shown, which are explained in more detail below. The same reference numerals in the figures designate technically identical elements. Arrows illustrate directions of movement of objects or elements.

Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a part of a

Compressor stage of a gear compressor with a weld seam-free Topfspiralge- housing according to the invention in block construction,

2 shows a side view of a pot according to the invention for a weld spiral free pot spiral housing

Block design,

3 shows a top view of the pot according to the invention of the swirl-free pot spiral housing in block construction,

4 shows a longitudinal section through the pot according to the invention of the weld seam-free pot spiral housing in block construction along the section line IV-IV from FIG. 3, FIG.

5 shows a sectional view of the pot according to the invention of the weld seam-free pot spiral housing in block construction along the section line V-V

2, 3 is a sectional view of the pot according to the invention of the swirl-free pot spiral housing in block construction along the section line VII-VII of FIG. 2, a schematic representation of a blank 3 for the pot according to the invention 2 for the weld-free pot spiral housing 1 in block construction, a schematic representation of a blank for a pot according to the invention for a weld-free pot spiral housing in block design, a schematic representation of a blank for a pot according to the invention for a weld-free pot spiral housing in block design, a perspective view of the blank according to FIG. 10 with pot "fitted" therein.

Weld-free pot spiral housing in block construction for a compressor stage in a gearbox compressor

FIG. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a simplified representation of a compressor stage 18 of a gear compressor 10 with a swirl-free pot spiral housing 1 according to the invention with a pot 2 produced by machining from a blank 3. The compressor stage 18 has a rotor or pinion shaft 19 rotating about an axis of rotation 22 and received in an axial bore 15 in the pot 2, at the one end of which is shown an impeller 20 is mounted.

In the region of the entry of the pinion shaft 19 into the pot 2, a screwed to the pot 2 (see, screws 21) gear box connection 8 in the form of a collar 8 is arranged on there axial end face of the pot 2.

The impeller 20 is (axially) flows through an axial inflow 12 of a fluid 11 and conveys the compressed fluid 11 radially outwardly into an annular space 23. After a further deflection 24, the fluid 11 flows from the annular space 23 into a collecting space 25, collects there and enters via a flow opening 16 and a diffuser opening 16 in the pot 2 in a plant piping 4 a. The system piping 4 has a diffuser formed with the pot 2 screwed to a screw 17 on the pot 2 Druckstutzenrohr 5 (in the circumferential direction dargstellt) with subsequent Druckstutzenflansch 6, via which the further compressed there fluid 11 leaves the compressor stage 18.

The collecting space 25 extending in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation 22 is formed by means of the pot 2 and a spiral insert 7 inserted into a recess 9 or cylindrical bore 9 of the pot 2.

The - consisting of high-alloy steel - pot 2 is made by pure machining in a single machining operation in a machining center of a forged stock 3.

The outer surface of the blank 3 is in the machining process - depending on the shape of the blank 3 - turned to the outer contour of the pot 3, milled and / or drilled.

The recess 9 in the pot 2 for the spiral insert 7 is drilled in the machining process. The - slightly conical - diffuser opening 16 is also drilled. Also, the bore 15 for receiving the pinion shaft 19 is drilled. The screwing 17 for screwing the

Pressure nozzle tube 5 on the pot 2 is milled.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spiral insert 7 is fitted in the pot 2 in such a way that an enclosed space forming the annular space 23 remains axially at the end of the spiral insert 7. 2 and FIG. 3 show a side view (FIG. 2) and a plan view (FIG. 3) of the pot 2 produced by machining in a machining operation from a blank 3. In the illustrations of the pot 2 in FIG. 2 and FIG 3 are

Sections IV- IV (FIG 3), V-V (FIG 2), VI-VI (FIG 3) and VII-VII (FIG 2), whose sectional views are shown in the FIG 4, FIG 5, FIG 6 and FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the pot 2 has - in the radial cross-section - a teardrop-shaped outer contour, which extends in the axial direction for the spatial formation of the pot 2. The teardrop-shaped outer contour is formed by a% circle followed by a rectangle.

At one axial end of the pot 2, the recess 9 is inserted for receiving the spiral insert 7, whereby the pot 2 acquires its pot-shaped configuration; at the other axial end, the bore 15 for receiving the pinion shaft 19 is inserted into the pot 2.

In the region of one of the two rectangular sides of the rectangle on the outer contour of the pot 2, the screw connection is surface 17 for plant piping 4 and the pressure nozzle tube 5 incorporated. The screwing surface 17 is substantially rectangular, with one corner of the rectangle being rounded.

In the central region of the screwing surface 17 there is a radial, largely conical bore, which opens into the recess 9 in the pot 2 and forms the diffuser opening 16.

Concentrically around the diffuser opening 16, threaded bores 27 for screws 21 for the screw connection from the pressure nozzle tube 5 to the pot 2 are provided in the screwing surface 17. 8 shows a schematic representation of a blank 3 for the pot 2 according to the invention for the weld seam-free pot spiral housing 1 in block construction.

The blank 3 shown in FIG 8 has in its outer contour a - like the pot 2 - drop-shaped shape or shape, which results in a% circle followed by a square.

This teardrop-shaped blank 3 is made by forging a body 14 to a cylindrical base body 13 in the die.

In the machining of the blank 3 to the finished pot 2, the outer contour of the blank 3 is turned off to a small extent (see Abtrag 26) to remove bumps on the blank 3.

The screwing surface 17 for plant piping 4 or the pressure nozzle tube 5 is ground or milled off on the blank 3 and, if necessary, reworked by smoothing; Tapped holes 27 for the screws 21 of the screw connection of

Pressure nozzle tube 5 and 2 pot are introduced into the Verschraubungs- surface 17. The cylindrical bore 9 and the recess 9 for receiving the spiral insert 7 in the tube 2 is drilled; the borehole walls of the recess 9 are optionally turned or smoothed.

The bore 15 for receiving the pinion shaft 19 is also drilled; the borehole wall of the bore 15 is optionally turned or smoothed.

The diffuser opening 16 for the outflow of the fluid 11 from the pot 2 into the discharge pipe 5 is also drilled; the borehole walls of the diffuser opening 16 are optionally turned or smoothed.

FIG 9 and FIG 10 show further different schematic representations of a blank 3 for the pot according to the invention

2 for the weld free pot spiral housing 1 in block design.

The blank 3 shown in FIG 9 for the pot 2 is a cuboid, forged solid material body or block with approximately rectangular cross-section. The blank 3 shown in FIG 10 for the pot 2 is a cylindrical solid material body. This can be forged or off the shelf.

FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the cylindrical blank 3 according to FIG. 10 with-indicated-finished pot "2" perspectively "fitted in".

Again, i. E. in the cuboid or cylindrical blank

3 - as in the drop-shaped blank 3 - the blank - outer contour turned off during the machining to the finished pot 2. The cylindrical bore 9 and the recess 9, the bore 15 for receiving the pinion shaft 19 and the

Diffuser opening 16 are also drilled and reworked; the screwing 17 is ge or milled and post-processed.

As a comparison of the various blanks 3 (teardrop-shaped, parallelepiped, cylindrical) from FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 shows, the amount of material 26 removed during the machining of the blank 3 in the drop-shaped blank 3 (FIG lowest, whereas in the machining of the blank 3 ablated material 26 in the cylindrical blank 3 (FIG 10) is greatest. Accordingly, the blank weight of the cylindrical blank 3 is the largest, whereas it is the smallest in the teardrop-shaped blank 3. While the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

claims

1. A method for producing a pot (2) for a cup spiral housing (1) for a turbomachine (10), in particular for a compressor (10),

characterized in that

the pot (2) is produced from a blank by a machining process.

2. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims

characterized in that

the machining process is turning, milling and / or drilling.

3. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims

characterized in that

the blank (3) has a substantially drop-shaped outer contour in cross-section.

4. The method according to at least the preceding claim, characterized in that

the substantially drop-shaped blank (3) in cross-section is made by forging a body against a substantially cylindrical body in a die.

5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims

characterized in that

the blank (3) is a substantially parallelepiped or cylindrical solid material body.

6. pot spiral housing (1) for a turbomachine (10) characterized by a pot produced according to at least one of the preceding method claims (2).

7. pot spiral housing (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a plant piping (4) screwed to the pot (2), in particular a pressure pipe (5) screwed to the pot (2).

8. pot spiral housing (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized by a machined outer contour surface on the pot (2), via which a plant piping (4), in particular a pressure nozzle tube (5), with the pot (2) can be screwed.

9. pot spiral housing (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,

used in a turbomachine (10) for Strömungsab- or flow supply of a fluid (11), in particular in a compressor, an expander or a turbine.

10. Getriebeturboverdichter (10) with a pot spiral housing (1) according to at least one of the above claims arrangement and with the pot (2) of the Topfspiralgehäu- ses (1) screwed gear box connection (8), in particular one with the pot (2) of the pot spiral housing (1) bolted collar (8).