WO2014051111A1 - C型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤及びc型肝炎ウイルス粒子の産生方法 - Google Patents
C型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤及びc型肝炎ウイルス粒子の産生方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agent for promoting formation of HCV particles and a method for enhancing production of HCV particles in cultured cells infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).
- HCV hepatitis C virus
- HCV is a causative virus that causes serious diseases.
- treatment methods using interferon (IFN) and ribavirin, an antiviral drug are frequently used for many patients with hepatitis C.
- IFN interferon
- ribavirin an antiviral drug
- RNA replicons In these HCV subgenomic RNA replicons, the region encoding the structural protein present downstream of HCV IRES in the 5 'untranslated region of HCV genomic RNA is replaced by the neomycin resistance gene and EMCV-IRES linked downstream thereof. It is. By introducing this RNA replicon into human hepatoma cell Huh7 and culturing it in the presence of neomycin, it was proved that the RNA replicon replicates autonomously in Huh7 cells.
- Non-Patent Documents 5 to 7 In order to develop vaccines and the like more effectively, a system that can more effectively form HCV particles in infected cells and release them outside the cell is desired.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an HCV particle formation promoter that can promote the formation of HCV particles in cultured cells, and further to provide a method for enhancing production of HCV particles. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for evaluating an anti-HCV drug candidate substance and a method for producing an HCV vaccine.
- statins or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof effectively promote the formation of HCV particles, and the HCV particles of the present invention
- the invention relating to the formation accelerator was completed.
- anti-HCV drug candidate substances can be evaluated by culturing HCV-infected cells in the presence of the HCV particle formation promoter and the anti-HCV drug candidate substance, and relate to a method for evaluating anti-HCV drug candidate substances.
- the present invention has also been completed.
- HCV vaccine could be produced by using the HCV particle produced by the HCV particle production enhancing method, and completed the present invention relating to the method for producing HCV vaccine.
- this invention consists of the following. 1. An HCV particle formation promoter containing a statin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. 2. 2. The HCV particle formation promoter according to item 1, wherein the statin is one or more statins selected from the group consisting of lovastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, and pravastatin. 3. 3. The HCV particle formation promoter according to item 1 or 2, which contains a culture extract of a microorganism capable of producing a statin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 4). 4. The HCV particle formation promoter according to item 3 above, wherein the microorganism is an Aspergillus filamentous fungus. 5. 5. 5.
- a method for enhancing production of HCV particles comprising culturing HCV-infected cells in the presence of the HCV particle formation promoter according to any one of items 1 to 4. 6). 6. The method for enhancing production of HCV particles according to item 5, wherein the HCV particle formation promoter according to any one of items 1 to 4 is added and cultured after the HCV protein is formed in the HCV-infected cells. 7). 7. A method for producing an HCV vaccine, which is produced by inactivating HCV produced by the method for enhancing production of HCV particles according to item 5 or 6. 8). An HCV vaccine produced by the production method according to item 7 above. 9.
- Anti-HCV wherein HCV-infected cells are cultured with an anti-HCV agent candidate substance in the presence of the HCV particle formation promoter according to any one of items 1 to 4 above, and the strength of inhibiting HCV particle formation is evaluated.
- Evaluation method for drug candidate substances 10.
- the method for evaluating an anti-HCV agent candidate substance according to item 9 including the following steps: 1) A step of adding the HCV particle formation promoter and anti-HCV agent candidate substance according to any one of items 1 to 4 to HCV-infected cells; 2) a culture process for culturing HCV-infected cells; 3) An evaluation step for measuring the amount of cultured HCV particles and evaluating the strength to inhibit the formation of HCV particles.
- HCV particle formation accelerator of the present invention By culturing HCV-infected cells using the HCV particle formation accelerator of the present invention, it was possible to promote the formation of HCV particles and improve the production efficiency of HCV particles. According to the method of the present invention, production of HCV particles can be increased in cultured cells infected with HCV, and anti-HCV drug candidate substances can be evaluated. Furthermore, HCV vaccine can be efficiently produced using the HCV particles obtained by the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a purification flowchart from a cell extract of Aspergillus terreus as an example of producing the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention.
- the growth inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) and cytotoxicity (CC 50 ) for each solution in each purification step are shown.
- Example 1 It is a figure which shows the measurement result of a virus titer when the HCV particle formation promoter of this invention is added to a cultured cell.
- Example 2 It is a figure which shows the examination result of the HCV particle formation promoter addition time to the cultured cell after HCV infection.
- Example 3 It is a figure which shows the examination result of the HCV particle formation promoter addition time to the cultured cell after HCV infection.
- Example 4 It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the virus particle formed inside and outside a cell when the HCV particle formation promoter of this invention is added to a cultured cell.
- Example 5 It is a figure which shows the measurement result of RNA copy number in a cell when the HCV particle formation promoter of this invention is added to a cultured cell.
- Example 6 It is a figure which shows the result of having confirmed the protein formation ability in a cell by the immuno-staining when the HCV particle formation promoter of this invention was added to the cultured cell. (Example 6)
- the present invention relates to an HCV particle formation promoter containing a statin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- statins refer to cholesterol in the liver by inhibiting the action of HMG-CoA reductase (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase), which is the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, one of the biosynthetic pathways of cholesterol.
- HMG-CoA reductase 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
- Lovastatin here is CAS number 75330-75-5, (1S, 3R, 7S, 8S, 8aR) -8- [2-((2R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran -2-yl) ethyl] -3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1-naphthyl and simvastatin are CAS numbers 79902-63-9, (1S, 3R, 7S, 8S, 8aR) -8- [2-[(2R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydropyran-2-yl] ethyl] -3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7, 8,8a-Hexahydro-1-naphthyl and fluvastatin sodium are CAS numbers 93957-55-2, (3R, 5S, 6E) -7- [3- (4-fluorophenyl) -1-
- statin of the present invention one or more selected from the above can be selected and used.
- Preferred examples include lovastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, and pravastatin, and more preferred examples include lovastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, and atorvastatin.
- the active ingredient contained in the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention may be the above-mentioned statin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof.
- Acupuncture statin, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates thereof may be produced synthetically or produced by microorganisms.
- the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention may be a composition containing a synthetically produced statin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and / or a hydrate thereof as an active ingredient, a statin, It may be a cultivated extract of microorganisms capable of producing pharmaceutically acceptable salts and / or hydrates thereof.
- the microorganism culture extract can be used as it is as the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention.
- the active ingredient contained in the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention is a statin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and / or a hydrate thereof.
- the statin, the pharmaceutically By using a culture extract of a microorganism capable of producing a statin, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and / or a hydrate thereof as it is as an HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention, the statin, the pharmaceutically
- the production of the HCV particle formation accelerator can be facilitated and the cost can be reduced compared to the synthesis and purification of acceptable salts and / or hydrates thereof.
- Statins as active ingredients, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates thereof can be prepared synthetically or can be obtained from a culture extract of a biosynthesizable microorganism. Methods for synthesizing statins, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and hydrates thereof are not particularly limited, and methods known per se or any synthetic method developed in the future can be applied. Microorganisms that can produce statins, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and / or hydrates thereof are not particularly limited. For example, lovastatin includes Aspergillus filamentous fungi, and particularly preferably Aspergillus terreus. (See FIG. 1).
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is not particularly limited, and may be any salt known to those skilled in the art, for example, sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt and the like.
- the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention may contain other compounds in addition to the above-mentioned statin, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and / or hydrate thereof as an active ingredient.
- the dosage form of the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the statin as an active ingredient, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and / or a hydrate thereof can be cultured with HCV-infected cells. Good.
- the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention includes pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, binders, lubricants and colorants known to those skilled in the art in addition to the active ingredient of the present invention. Etc. can be included as appropriate.
- the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention can be easily prepared by any formulation preparation method known to those skilled in the art.
- suitable carriers include lactose, starch, sucrose, glucose, methylcellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, sorbitol and croscarmellose sodium.
- suitable binders include starch, gelatin, or natural sugars such as glucose, anhydrous lactose, free flowing lactose, beta-lactose and corn sweeteners, and gum arabic, guar gum, tragacanth or sodium alginate. Natural and synthetic gums such as carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, and waxes.
- Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate and sodium chloride.
- the present invention also extends to a method for enhancing production of HCV particles by culturing HCV-infected cells together with the HCV particle formation promoter.
- the cells that can be used for production of the HCV particles of the present invention may be HCV-permissive cells.
- the HCV-permissive cell means a cell capable of infecting HCV genomic RNA and / or HCV.
- HCV-permissive cells are cells derived from liver cells or lymphoid cells, but are not limited thereto. Specific examples of liver cells include primary liver cells, Huh7 cells, RCYM1RC cells, 5-15RC cells, HepG2 cells, IMY-N9 cells, HeLa cells, and 293 cells.
- HCV-permissive cells include Huh7 cells, RCYM1RC cells, 5-15RC cells, HepG2 cells and cell lines derived from these cells. Particularly preferred are cells derived from Huh7 cells. Examples of such cells include Huh7.5 cells, Huh7.5.1 cells, and Huh7-it cells. Particularly, cells that can be subcultured are suitable. Further, eukaryotic cells are preferable, and human cells are more preferable. These cells may be commercially available or may be obtained from a cell depository. A cell in which an arbitrary cell (for example, a cancer cell or a stem cell) is established may be used.
- Huh7.5 cells Blight KJ et al., J. Virol., 76: 13001-13014, 2002
- Huh7.5.1 cells Zhong J et al., Proc. Natl. Acad) .Sci. USA, 929102: 9294-9299, 2005
- Huh7-it cells Yu L et al., J. Virol. Methods, 169: 380-384, 2010
- HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention to HCV-permissive cells infected with HCV selected from the above can promote the formation of HCV particles and enhance the production of HCV particles.
- the HCV particle formation promoter is added to the culture solution at 10 to 200 ⁇ g / ml, preferably 20 to 50 ⁇ g / ml, and cultivated for 24 to 72 hours, preferably 36 to 72 hours, more preferably about 48 hours to promote HCV particle formation. Production can be enhanced.
- HCV-infected cells can be confirmed using any known virus detection method.
- the culture supernatant of HCV-permissive cells can be fractionated by a sucrose density gradient, and virus particles can be detected.
- Cells in which HCV is infected and HCV genomic RNA is replicated express HCV protein. Therefore, if HCV-infected cells can be cultured and HCV protein can be detected, it can be presumed that the cells are replicating HCV genomic RNA.
- HCV protein can be detected according to any known protein detection method. Specifically, it can be detected by the method of Kaito M et al., J. Gen. Virol., 75: l755-1760, 1994.
- the ability to produce virus particles can be performed by confirming the number of infectious virus particles in the culture supernatant.
- a culture supernatant containing infectious virus particles is inoculated into non-infected cells, and after 18 to 48 hours, preferably about 24 hours, the cells are fixed, immunostained with a specific antibody against HCV protein, and stained positive cells The number of infectious virus particles in the culture supernatant can be confirmed. More specifically, the culture supernatant containing infectious virus particles can be detected by reacting and detecting an anti-HCV Core protein antibody by the enzyme-linked Immunosorbent ⁇ ⁇ Assay (ELISA) method.
- ELISA enzyme-linked Immunosorbent ⁇ ⁇ Assay
- Analysis of HCV RNA that is replicated in HCV-infected cells can be analyzed by ordinary molecular biological methods.
- the method for extracting RNA from the cells can be a method known per se. Specifically, the amount or sequence of the replicated RNA can be analyzed using Northern blotting, ribonuclease protection assay, RT-PCR, or the like. When RNA is quantified, Northern blotting or quantitative RT-PCR can be used, and when RNA sequence is analyzed, sequence analysis can be used.
- HCV particles produced by the method of the present invention have the ability to infect HCV-permissive cells.
- the HCV-permissive cell means a cell capable of infecting HCV genomic RNA and / or HCV.
- HCV-permissive cells are cells derived from liver cells or lymphoid cells, but are not limited thereto. Specific examples of liver cells include primary liver cells, Huh7 cells, RCYM1RC cells, 5-15RC cells, HepG2 cells, IMY-N9 cells, HeLa cells, and 293 cells. Examples include, but are not limited to, cells, HPB-Ma cells, and Daudi cells.
- HCV-permissive cells include Huh7 cells, RCYM1RC cells, 5-15RC cells, HepG2 cells and cell lines derived from these cells. Particularly preferred are cells derived from Huh7 cells. Examples of such cells include Huh7.5 cells, Huh7.5.1 cells, and Huh7-it cells.
- the method of purifying HCV particles from the virus solution containing HCV particles obtained above, such as a culture supernatant containing infectious virus particles, is not particularly limited, and a method known per se or a method developed in the future should be applied. Can do. For example, centrifugation and / or a filter can be used to remove cells and cell debris, and ultrafiltration concentration, chromatography and density gradient centrifugation can be combined in any order or purified alone.
- the present invention further extends to a method for producing an HCV vaccine using HCV particles produced by the method of the present invention as an antigen. Furthermore, it extends to the HCV vaccine produced by this method.
- HCV particles inactivated infectivity For the production of the HCV vaccine of the present invention, it is preferable to use HCV particles inactivated infectivity.
- the infectious inactivation method is not particularly limited as long as it is a clinically usable method, and a method known per se or a method developed in the future can be employed.
- it can be achieved by adding an inactivating agent such as formalin, ⁇ -propiolactone, glutardialdehyde and the like to the HCV particle suspension prepared according to the present invention and reacting with the HCV particles (Appaiahgari). MB et al., Vaccine, 22: 3669-3675, 2004).
- the infectivity can be lost and the HCV particles can be inactivated quickly.
- inactivation can be performed with little influence on proteins constituting HCV particles.
- the ultraviolet ray source for inactivation can be performed using a commercially available germicidal lamp, particularly a 15 W germicidal lamp, but is not limited thereto.
- the adjuvant is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an adjuvant for vaccines and can be clinically used, but an adjuvant known per se or an adjuvant developed in the future can be applied.
- aluminum hydroxide Alum
- any substance that can be used clinically such as CpG oligonucleotides and double-stranded RNA.
- PolyI C, polyICLC or polyIpolyC12U.
- the HCV particle formation accelerator of the present invention can be further used in a method for evaluating anti-HCV agent candidate substances.
- the anti-HCV agent include a substance having an inhibitory action on HCV particle production in cells and an inhibitory action on HCV particle release from cells.
- the anti-HCV candidate substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance expected to have such an action, and examples thereof include proteins, peptides, and low molecular compounds.
- HCV-infected cells are cultured for 36 to 72 hours with the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention and the anti-HCV drug candidate substance or with only the anti-HCV drug candidate substance, and cultured HCV-infected cells. This is achieved by comparing the HCV particle formation ability. Specifically, a method including the following steps 1) to 3) can be employed.
- Examples of the cells that can be used here include the above-described HCV-permissive cells.
- Example 1 HCV particle formation promoter
- a solution using Aspergillus terreus culture extract (B13) as a raw material was used as the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention.
- the HCV particle formation accelerator of this example was produced by the method shown in FIG.
- the crude lovastatin solution “B15” or the purified lovastatin solution “B15.4.1” shown in FIG. 1 was used as an HCV particle formation accelerator.
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
- LC / MS liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry
- Example 2 HCV infectivity when cultured cells were treated
- the effect on the HCV infectivity when an HCV particle formation promoter was added to Huh7-it cells was confirmed.
- HCV particle formation accelerator the purified lovastatin solution “B15.4.1” (FIG. 1) of Example 1 was used as an “HCV particle formation accelerator”.
- a culture solution was added to the HCV particle formation promoter to adjust the lovastatin concentration at the time of virus inoculation and culture to 1.25 to 20 ⁇ g / ml.
- Huh7 cell-derived HCV hypersensitive strain Huh7-it cells were used as cultured cells.
- Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, non-essential amino acids, penicillin, and streptomycin was used and cultured in a 48-well culture plate.
- HCV stock solution used for promoting the HCV particle formation of the present invention was prepared by the following method.
- the HCV strain the JFH1 strain (genome sequence: GenBank accession number AB047639) was used.
- RNA with the same sequence as the full genome of HCV JFH1 strain was introduced (transfected) into Huh7-it cells by electroporation (van den Hoff MJ et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 20: 2902, 1992). The culture supernatant after 72 hours was collected.
- the infectious titer was calculated by the above and adjusted to 5.4 ⁇ 10 4 infectious units / ml was used as the HCV stock solution.
- the infectious titer for preparing the HCV stock solution was determined by immunostaining.
- An anti-HCV-Core (clone CP14) monoclonal antibody was used as the primary antibody, and an HRP-labeled goat anti-mouse antibody was used as the labeled antibody.
- Konica Immunostain HRP-1000 Konica Minolta was added, and the number of viral antigen-positive cell populations (immune focus; also called focus) stained in blue was measured under a microscope to calculate the infectious titer.
- HCV infection method After inoculating cultured cells with a mixture of the HCV stock solution (5.4 ⁇ 10 4 infection units / ml) prepared in 3) above and an HCV particle formation promoter, and adsorbing them at 37 ° C. for 2 hours After removing the virus solution and washing with the culture solution three times, HCV particle formation promoter was added in the same manner and cultured for 48 hours (lovastatin concentration: 1.25 to 20 ⁇ g / ml). The virus was inoculated into the cultured cells so that the multiplicity of infection (moi) was 0.1.
- the infected cell culture solution was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 3 minutes, and the centrifuged supernatant was used as a sample solution.
- the above sample solution is inoculated into HCV-uninfected Huh7-it cells, and after 24 hours, the cells are fixed, patient serum that has been confirmed in advance to react strongly with HCV protein as a primary antibody, and Alexa488-labeled goat as a secondary antibody. Immunostaining was performed using an anti-human IgG antibody (Molecular Probe), the number of staining positive cells was counted, and the HCV infectivity titer was measured.
- Example 3 Examination of timing of addition of HCV particle formation promoter to cultured cells (1) In this example, the effect on the HCV infectivity titer when HCV particle formation promoter was added to Huh7-it cells for 2 hours during HCV adsorption and / or 48 hours after infection was confirmed.
- Virus infectivity titer measurement result As a result of the above, when HCV particle formation promoter is added after HCV adsorption and cultured, HCV particle formation promoter is present, regardless of whether HCV particle formation promoter is present during HCV adsorption. In the presence of 20 ⁇ g / ml lovastatin, a high virus infectivity value was observed for each sample solution in a concentration-dependent manner (FIG. 3).
- Example 4 Examination of timing of addition of HCV particle formation promoter to cultured cells (2) In this example, the effect of lovastatin as an HCV particle formation promoter on HCV infectivity when added to Huh7-it cells for 2 hours during HCV adsorption or 48 hours after infection was confirmed.
- Example 5 Confirmation of HCV particle formation inside and outside cultured cells
- cultured cells were prepared by the same method as in Example 2, and an HCV particle formation promoter was added for 48 hours after infection from during HCV adsorption. The effect on the HCV infectivity inside and outside the cell when added to it cells was confirmed.
- the purified lovastatin solution “B15.4.1” (FIG. 1) of Example 1 was used as an HCV particle formation accelerator.
- a culture solution was added to the HCV particle formation promoter to adjust the lovastatin concentration at the time of virus inoculation and culture to 20 ⁇ g / ml.
- a system containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) instead of the HCV particle formation accelerator was used as a control.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the sample for measuring the extracellular HCV infection titer was the same as in Example 2.
- Samples for measuring intracellular HCV infectivity were prepared by the freeze-thaw method. First, the infected cells were washed with PBS, suspended by trypsin / EDTA treatment, and centrifuged to collect the cell pellet. It was washed once with PBS, suspended in 0.5 ml of culture medium, freeze-thawed three times at -80 ° C., and then centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain a supernatant as a measurement sample. The virus titer measurement for each sample was performed in the same manner as in Example 2.
- HCV particle production in cells was almost the same as that of the control, but the cells treated with HCV particle formation promoters were found to have significantly higher HCV particle production ability of 20 to 30 times extracellularly. (FIG. 5).
- Example 6 Confirmation of the number of HCV RNA copies in cultured cells
- cultured cells were prepared by the same method as in Example 2, and HCV particle formation promoters were added for 48 hours after infection from during HCV adsorption.
- the effect of adding to Huh7-it cells on the number of HCV RNA copies in cultured cells on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 after HCV infection was confirmed.
- the purified lovastatin solution “B15.4.1” (FIG. 1) of Example 1 was used as an HCV particle formation accelerator.
- a culture solution was added to the HCV particle formation promoter to adjust the lovastatin concentration at the time of virus inoculation and culture to 20 ⁇ g / ml.
- a system containing DMSO instead of the HCV particle formation accelerator was used as a control.
- a sample for measuring intracellular HCV RNA copy was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5. From infected cells using Trizol (R) / Trizol (R ) -LS (Invitrogen Co.) to extract total RNA. From total RNA, using the ReverTra Ace (R) qPCR-Kit (Toyobo), 37 °C 15 min reverse transcription reaction, the enzyme deactivation reaction at 98 ° C. 5 minutes to synthesize cDNA. Measurements of the number of HCV RNA copies was carried out by LightCycler (R) quantitative RT-PCR method using the 480 real-time PCR system.
- PCR conditions were as follows: heat denaturation at 95 ° C. for 10 seconds, followed by 40 cycles of 95 ° C. for 10 seconds and 60 ° C. for 20 seconds.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 5'-CTTTGACTCCGTGATCGACT-3 '
- SEQ ID NO: 2 5'-CCCTGTCTTCCTCTACCTG-3 '
- Example 7 HCV particle production promoting effect of various statins
- HCV particle production promoting effect was observed for various commercially available statins.
- HCV particle formation accelerator a commercially available statin preparation was used as an HCV particle formation accelerator.
- Lovastatin (mevinolin: Sigma-Aldrich; CAS No. 75330-75-5), fluvastatin sodium (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd .; CAS No. 93957-55-2), simvastatin (Sigma-Aldrich; CAS No. 79902- 63-9), atorvastatin calcium trihydrate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd .; CAS No. 134523-03-8) and pravastatin sodium salt hydrate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd .; CAS No. 81131-70-6) ) was used.
- Each statin was adjusted by diluting with a culture solution so that the concentration at the time of culture became the concentration shown in Table 1.
- DMSO 1 ⁇ g / ml
- HCV particle formation accelerator 2 ⁇ g / ml
- Huh7-it cells were cultured and used in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Example 2 Method for measuring virus infectivity titer A sample for confirming virus-producing ability was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and the virus infectivity titer was measured in the same manner as in Example 2. 5) Virus infectivity titer measurement results The results are shown in Table 1. As a result, HCV particle formation promoter effect was recognized for each statin.
- the production efficiency of HCV particles in the cell culture medium can be improved 10 times or more by culturing HCV-infected cells by adding the HCV particle formation promoter of the present invention.
- an HCV vaccine can be produced efficiently and efficiently.
- the anti-HCV agent Evaluation can be made.
- an HCV vaccine can be efficiently produced using the HCV particles obtained according to the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
1.スタチン又はその薬学的に許容しうる塩を有効成分として含有する、HCV粒子形成促進剤。
2.前記スタチンが、ロバスタチン、フルバスタチン、シンバスタチン、アトルバスタチン及びプラバスタチンからなる群から選択される1又は複数のスタチンである、前項1に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤。
3.スタチン又はその薬学的に許容しうる塩を産生しうる微生物の培養抽出物を含有する、前項1又は2に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤。
4.前記微生物がAspergillus属糸状菌である、前項3に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤。
5.前項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤の存在下でHCV感染細胞を培養する、HCV粒子の産生増強方法。
6.前項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤を、前記HCV感染細胞内にHCVタンパク質が形成された後に添加して培養する、前項5に記載のHCV粒子の産生増強方法。
7.前項5又は6に記載のHCV粒子の産生増強方法により産生されたHCVを不活化して作製する、HCVワクチンの作製方法。
8.前項7に記載の作製方法により作製された、HCVワクチン。
9.前項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤の存在下で、抗HCV剤候補物質と共にHCV感染細胞を培養し、HCV粒子の形成を阻害する強さを評価する、抗HCV剤候補物質の評価方法。
10.以下の工程を含む、前項9に記載の抗HCV剤候補物質の評価方法:
1)前項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のHCV粒子形成促進剤及び抗HCV剤候補物質を、HCV感染細胞に添加する工程;
2)HCV感染細胞を培養する培養工程;
3)培養されたHCV粒子の量を測定し、HCV粒子の形成を阻害する強さを評価する評価工程。
1)HCV感染細胞に、本発明のHCV粒子形成促進剤及び抗HCV剤候補物質を加える工程;
2)C型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞を培養する培養工程;
3)培養されたC型肝炎ウイルス粒子の量を測定し、C型肝炎ウイルス粒子の形成を阻害する強さを評価する評価工程。
ここで使用可能な細胞は、上述したHCV許容性細胞が挙げられる。
本実施例では、本発明のHCV粒子形成促進剤として、Aspergillus terreus培養抽出物(B13)を原料とする溶液を使用した。本実施例のHCV粒子形成促進剤は、図1に示す方法で作製した。以下の実施例では、図1に示す粗製ロバスタチン溶液「B15」又は精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」をHCV粒子形成促進剤として使用した。B15.4.1の組成を核磁気共鳴(NMR)法及び液体クロマトグラフィー・マススペクトロメトリー(LC/MS)により調べた結果、ロバスタチンがほぼ純品で得られたことが確認された。ロバスタチン量は、乾燥させた精製標品(B15.4.1)を精密化学天秤にて秤量し、計測した。
本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤をHuh7-it細胞に添加したときのHCV感染価に及ぼす影響を確認した。
実施例では、実施例1の精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」(図1)を「HCV粒子形成促進剤」として使用した。以下ではHCV粒子形成促進剤に培養液を加えて、ウイルス接種時及び培養時のロバスタチン濃度が1.25~20μg/mlとなるように調整し、使用した。
本実施例では、培養細胞として、Huh7細胞由来のHCV高感受性株Huh7-it細胞を用いた。培地は、10%牛胎児血清・非必須アミノ酸・ペニシリン・ストレプトマイシン添加Dulbecco's modified Eagle's培地を使用し、48ウェル培養プレートを用いて培養した。
本発明のHCV粒子形成促進のために使用するHCVストック液は、以下の方法で調製した。HCV株はJFH1株(ゲノム配列:GenBank accession number AB047639)を使用した。HCV JFH1株フルゲノムと同一配列のRNAを、Huh7-it細胞にエレクトロポレーション法(van den Hoff MJ et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 20:2902, 1992)にて導入(トランスフェクション)し、導入72時間後の培養上清を回収した。回収した培養上清は、0.45μmのフィルター(Millipore社)に通して夾雑物を除いた後、別のHuh7-it細胞に添加し、72時間後のHCV感染細胞数をフォーカス法により計測することにより感染力価を算出し、5.4×104 感染単位/mlに調整したものをHCVストック液とした。HCVストック液調製のための感染力価は、免疫染色法により行った。1次抗体として抗HCV-Core(クローンCP14)モノクローナル抗体を用い、標識抗体としてHRP標識ヤギ抗マウス抗体を用いた。コニカイムノステインHRP-1000(コニカミノルタ社)を加え、青色に染色したウイルス抗原陽性細胞集団(免疫フォーカス;フォーカスとも呼ぶ)の数を顕微鏡下で測定し、感染力価を算出した。
上記3)で調製したHCVストック液(5.4×104 感染単位/ml)とHCV粒子形成促進剤を混合したものを培養細胞に接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、同様にHCV粒子形成促進剤を加えて48時間培養した(ロバスタチン濃度:1.25~20μg/ml)。ウイルスは、多重感染価(multiplicity of infection; moi)が0.1となるように培養細胞に接種した。
ウイルス産生能を確認するために、上記感染細胞培養液を10,000 rpmで3分間遠心し、その遠心上清を試料液とした。上記試料液をHCV非感染Huh7-it細胞に接種し、24時間後に細胞を固定して、一次抗体としてHCVタンパク質に強く反応することが予め確認された患者血清、及び二次抗体としてAlexa488標識ヤギ抗ヒトIgG抗体(Molecular Probe社)を用いて免疫染色し、染色陽性細胞の数を計測し、HCV感染価を測定した。
上記の結果、5~20μg/mlのロバスタチンが含まれるように調整された精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」存在下で培養した場合に、ロバスタチン濃度依存的に各試料液について高いHCV感染価が認められた(図2)。
本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤をHCV吸着中2時間及び/又は感染後48時間にHuh7-it細胞に添加したときのHCV感染価に及ぼす影響を確認した。
本実施例では、実施例1の粗製ロバスタチン溶液「B15」(図1)を「HCV粒子形成促進剤」として使用した。以下では、HCV粒子形成促進剤に培養液を加えて、ウイルス接種時及び培養時のロバスタチン濃度が1~50μg/mlとなるように調整し、使用した。
2)培養細胞
本実施例では、実施例2と同手法でHuh7-it細胞を培養し、使用した。
3)HCV粒子形成促進剤の添加時期
本実施例ではHCVを実施例2と同様にmoi=0.1となるように培養細胞に接種し、HCV粒子形成促進剤は以下のi)~iii)の時期に添加した。
i)吸着中+吸着後
培養細胞に、HCVとHCV粒子形成促進剤を混合したものを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、ロバスタチンを含むHCV粒子形成促進剤を加えて46時間培養した。
ii)吸着後のみ
培養細胞にHCVを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤添加培養液を加えて46時間培養した。
iii))吸着中のみ
培養細胞にHCVとHCV粒子形成促進剤を混合したものを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤を含まない培養液を加えて46時間培養した。
4)ウイルス感染価測定方法
ウイルス産生能を確認するための試料は実施例2と同手法にて調製し、実施例2と同手法でウイルス感染価を測定した。
5)ウイルス感染価測定結果
上記の結果、HCV吸着中にHCV粒子形成促進剤が存在するか否かに関わらず、HCV吸着以降にHCV粒子形成促進剤を添加して培養した場合に、5~20μg/mlのロバスタチン存在下で濃度依存的に各試料液について高いウイルス感染価が認められた(図3)。
本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤としてロバスタチンを、HCV吸着中2時間又は感染後48時間にHuh7-it細胞に添加したときのHCV感染価に及ぼす影響を確認した。
本実施例では、実施例1の精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」(図1)を「HCV粒子形成促進剤」として使用した。以下では、HCV粒子形成促進剤に培養液を加えて、ウイルス接種時及び培養時のロバスタチン濃度が20μg/mlとなるように調整し、使用した。
2)培養細胞
本実施例では、実施例2と同手法でHuh7-it細胞を培養し、使用した。
3)HCV粒子形成促進剤の添加時期
本実施例ではHCVを実施例2と同様にmoi=0.1となるように培養細胞に接種し、HCV粒子形成促進剤は以下のi)~iii)の時期に添加した。
i)吸着中+吸着後
培養細胞にHCVとHCV粒子形成促進剤を混合したものを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤を添加した培養液を加えて46時間培養した。
ii)吸着中のみ
培養細胞にHCVとHCV粒子形成促進剤を混合したものを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤を含まない培地を加えて46時間培養した。
iii)吸着後のみ
培養細胞にHCVを接種して37℃で2時間吸着させた後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤を添加した培養液を加えて46時間培養した。
4)ウイルス感染価測定方法
ウイルス産生能を確認するための試料は実施例2と同手法にて調製し、実施例2と同手法でウイルス感染価を測定した。
5)ウイルス感染価測定結果
上記の結果、HCV吸着中にHCV粒子形成促進剤が存在するか否かに関わらず、HCV吸着以降にHCV粒子形成促進剤を添加して培養した場合に、高いウイルス感染価が認められた(図4)。
本実施例では、培養細胞は実施例2と同手法により準備し、HCV吸着中から感染後48時間にわたってHCV粒子形成促進剤を、Huh7-it細胞に添加したときの、細胞内外でのHCV感染価に及ぼす影響を確認した。本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤として、実施例1の精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」(図1)を使用した。以下では、HCV粒子形成促進剤に培養液を加えて、ウイルス接種時及び培養時のロバスタチン濃度が20μg/mlとなるように調整し、使用した。HCV粒子形成促進剤のかわりにジメチルスルホキシド (DMSO)を含む系をコントロールとした。
本実施例では、培養細胞は実施例2と同手法により準備し、HCV吸着中から感染後48時間にわたってHCV粒子形成促進剤を、Huh7-it細胞に添加したときの、HCV感染後1、2、3、4日目での、培養細胞内でのHCV RNAコピー数に及ぼす影響を確認した。本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤として、実施例1の精製ロバスタチン溶液「B15.4.1」(図1)を使用した。以下では、HCV粒子形成促進剤に培養液を加えて、ウイルス接種時及び培養時のロバスタチン濃度が20μg/mlとなるように調整し、使用した。HCV粒子形成促進剤のかわりにDMSOを含む系をコントロールとした。
(配列番号1)5'-CTTTGACTCCGTGATCGACT-3'
(配列番号2)5'-CCCTGTCTTCCTCTACCTG-3 '
本実施例では、市販されている各種スタチンについて、HCV粒子産生促進効果を観察した。
本実施例では、HCV粒子形成促進剤として市販のスタチン製剤を使用した。ロバスタチン(メビノリン:シグマアルドリッチ社製;CAS番号75330-75-5)、フルバスタチンナトリウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製;CAS番号93957-55-2)、シンバスタチン(シグマアルドリッチ社製;CAS番号79902-63-9)、アトルバスタチンカルシウム三水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製;CAS番号134523-03-8)及びプラバスタチンナトリウム塩水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製;CAS番号81131-70-6)を用いた。各スタチンは、培養時の濃度が表1に示す濃度になるように培養液で希釈して調整した。コントロールとしてHCV粒子形成促進剤のかわりにDMSO(1μg/ml)を用いた。
2)培養細胞
本実施例では、実施例2と同手法でHuh7-it細胞を培養し、使用した。
3)HCV粒子形成促進剤の添加時期
本実施例ではHCVをmoi=0.1となるように培養細胞に接種して37℃で2時間吸着後、ウイルス液を除き、培養液で3回洗浄後、HCV粒子形成促進剤を添加した培養液を加えて46時間培養した。
4)ウイルス感染価測定方法
ウイルス産生能を確認するための試料は実施例2と同手法にて調製し、実施例2と同手法でウイルス感染価を測定した。
5)ウイルス感染価測定結果
上記の結果を表1に示した。その結果、各スタチンについてHCV粒子形成促進剤効果が認められた。
Claims (10)
- スタチン又はその薬学的に許容しうる塩を有効成分として含有する、C型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤。
- 前記スタチンが、ロバスタチン、フルバスタチン、シンバスタチン、アトルバスタチン及びプラバスタチンからなる群から選択される1又は複数のスタチンである、請求項1に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤。
- スタチン又はその薬学的に許容しうる塩を産生しうる微生物の培養抽出物を含有する、請求項1又は2に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤。
- 前記微生物がAspergillus属糸状菌である、請求項3に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤の存在下でC型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞を培養する、C型肝炎ウイルス粒子の産生増強方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤を、前記C型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞内にC型肝炎ウイルスタンパク質が形成された後に添加して培養する、請求項5に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子の産生増強方法。
- 請求項5又は6に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子の産生増強方法により産生されたC型肝炎ウイルスを不活化して作製する、C型肝炎ウイルスワクチンの作製方法。
- 請求項7に記載の作製方法により作製された、C型肝炎ウイルスワクチン。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤の存在下で、抗C型肝炎ウイルス剤候補物質と共にC型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞を培養し、C型肝炎ウイルス粒子の形成を阻害する強さを評価する、抗C型肝炎ウイルス剤候補物質の評価方法。
- 以下の工程を含む、請求項9に記載の抗C型肝炎ウイルス剤候補物質の評価方法:
1)請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のC型肝炎ウイルス粒子形成促進剤及び抗C型肝炎ウイルス剤候補物質を、C型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞に添加する工程;
2)C型肝炎ウイルス感染細胞を培養する培養工程;
3)培養されたC型肝炎ウイルス粒子の量を測定し、C型肝炎ウイルス粒子の形成を阻害する強さを評価する評価工程。
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