WO2014048278A1 - 一种并网发电系统防逆流方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种并网发电系统防逆流方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2014048278A1
WO2014048278A1 PCT/CN2013/083893 CN2013083893W WO2014048278A1 WO 2014048278 A1 WO2014048278 A1 WO 2014048278A1 CN 2013083893 W CN2013083893 W CN 2013083893W WO 2014048278 A1 WO2014048278 A1 WO 2014048278A1
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power
power generation
grid
value
adjustment value
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PCT/CN2013/083893
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French (fr)
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徐海波
麦瑞坤
符玲
周凡
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广东易事特电源股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2014048278A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014048278A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/108Parallel operation of dc sources using diodes blocking reverse current flow
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of anti-backflow, in particular to a method for preventing backflow of a grid-connected power generation system.
  • the method is accomplished by establishing a functional module framework that is controlled by computer program instructions to control the computer system.
  • the system ie the power generation system
  • the grid which causes the grid-connected power generation system to deliver electrical energy to the grid when the power generation is greater than the power required by the load.
  • grid companies usually require photovoltaic grid-connected systems to be non-reversible power generation systems, that is, electricity generated by photovoltaic grid-connected systems is consumed by the unit load, and excess power is not allowed to pass through low-voltage distribution transformers. Reverse power transmission to the upper power grid.
  • the Chinese patent number is 201120090188.5
  • the patent document entitled "A backflow prevention device” discloses a backflow prevention device, including a solar power photovoltaic system, an AC power distribution cabinet, a measurement and control instrument, and a backflow prevention control.
  • the local input user wherein the signal input end of the anti-backflow controller is connected with the detection signal output end of the monitoring and control instrument for monitoring the voltage and current of the solar power photovoltaic system, and the signal output end of the anti-backflow controller is passed through the measurement and control instrument and the communication.
  • the technical solution of the patent monitors the current and voltage on the grid side through the voltage and current measuring and controlling instruments to determine whether excess electric energy is sent to the power grid and takes remedial measures to prevent backflow when excess electric energy enters the power grid. Therefore, the technical solution is adopted for countercurrent flow. It is a way of remediating afterwards. Although it can play a role, there is still excess electricity that is sent to the grid, which may cause danger to the grid.
  • a method for preventing backflow of a grid-connected power generation system including the steps of:
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is compared with a preset adjustment value ⁇ 2 , where 0 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1, and if the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , the power generation power is controlled to decrease the reference quantity ⁇ .
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is compared with a preset control value ⁇ 1 , where 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2, if the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than the control value ⁇ 1 and less than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , Then, the power generation is controlled to slow the growth rate of the reference amount ⁇ .
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is compared with a preset risk value ⁇ 3 greater than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , and if ⁇ is less than the dangerous value ⁇ 3 and greater than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , the power generation power is controlled, so that The reference amount ⁇ slowly decreases; if ⁇ is greater than the dangerous value ⁇ 3 , the power generation is controlled so that the reference amount ⁇ is rapidly decreased.
  • the present invention provides a backflow prevention method for a grid-connected power generation system, which respectively obtains a power generation power of a photovoltaic system and a load power of a load, and divides the power generation power by the load power to obtain a reference amount ⁇ , by which the reference amount ⁇
  • a backflow prevention method for a grid-connected power generation system which respectively obtains a power generation power of a photovoltaic system and a load power of a load, and divides the power generation power by the load power to obtain a reference amount ⁇ , by which the reference amount ⁇
  • by which the reference amount ⁇
  • the adjustment value ⁇ 2 is set, and when the reference amount a is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , the power generation power is controlled to decrease, so that the reference value ⁇ is decreased to ensure that the magnitude thereof fluctuates at most near the adjustment value ⁇ 2 ,
  • the adjustment value ⁇ 2 is less than 1, so the possibility that the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than 1 is very small, that is, the power generation power of the entire grid-connected power generation system is basically no more than the power required by the load, and there is basically no excess electric energy that is sent to the power grid, resulting in The possibility of backflow is very small.
  • the present invention effectively controls the countercurrent before it can be generated, greatly reducing the possibility of countercurrent generation.
  • a specific implementation manner of a backflow prevention method for a grid-connected power generation system according to the present invention includes:
  • the reference amount ⁇ can effectively judge the relationship between the power generation power and the power required by the load.
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is equal to 1, that is, the power generation power is equal to the load power.
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than 1, that is, the power generation power is greater than the load power, there is excess power, and a reverse flow may occur.
  • the adjustment value ⁇ 2 is set, and when the reference amount a is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , the power generation power is controlled to decrease, so that the reference value ⁇ is decreased to ensure that the magnitude thereof fluctuates at most near the adjustment value ⁇ 2 ,
  • the adjustment value ⁇ 2 is less than 1, so the possibility that the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than 1 is very small, that is, the power generation power of the entire grid-connected power generation system is basically no more than the power required by the load, and there is basically no excess electric energy that is sent to the power grid, resulting in The possibility of backflow is very small.
  • the present invention effectively controls the countercurrent before it can be generated, greatly reducing the possibility of countercurrent generation.
  • the control value ⁇ ⁇ is also set.
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is larger than the control value ⁇ 1 and smaller than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , it is indicated that the reference quantity ⁇ is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , and the power generation power is close to the load power.
  • the control of the power generation is started to slow down the growth rate of the reference amount ⁇ , and on the other hand, the possibility that the reference amount ⁇ is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 is reduced.
  • the reference amount ⁇ is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2 , it is not necessary to greatly adjust the power generation power, and the stability of the power generation system is improved.
  • the hazard value ⁇ 3 is set.
  • the reference quantity a is larger than the adjustment value ⁇ 2
  • the reference quantity ⁇ is greater than the dangerous value ⁇ 3 , it indicates that the reference quantity ⁇ is very close to or even exceeds 1, that is, the possibility of countercurrent generation is very large.
  • the power generation power must be greatly adjusted, so that the reference quantity ⁇ is rapidly decreased to reduce the countercurrent generation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种并网发电系统防逆流方法,包括步骤:A、分别获取光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率,计算参考量α,所述α=发电功率/负载功率;Β、将参考量α与预设的调整值ε2进行比较,如果参考量α大于调整值ε2,则控制发电功率,使α下降,其中,0<ε2<1。使参考值α下降以保证其数值大小至多在调整值ε2附近波动,同时由于调整值ε2小于1,所以参考量α大于1的可能性非常小,即整个并网发电系统的发电功率基本不会大于负载所需功率,也基本不存在可是送入电网的多余电能,产生逆流的可能性非常小。该方法通过建立功能模块构架,由计算机程序指令控制计算机系统来完成。

Description

一种并网发电系统防逆流方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及防逆流技术领域, 特别是指一种一种并网发电系统防逆流方法。 该方法通过建立功能模块构架, 由计算机程序指令控制计算机系统来完成。
背景技术
随着不可再生能源的不断减少, 太阳能、 风能等能实现能源与环境可持续发 展的可再生能源得到越来越多的重视, 世界各国也均将太阳能光伏发电、 风能发 电等作为新能源与可再生能源的发展重点。 目前, 太阳能光伏发电、 风能发电等 新能源发电系统主要分为独立发电系统和并网发电系统两大类。 其中独立发电系 统的主要目的是为一定区域内的负载供电, 然而由于太阳能、 风能等新能源受环 境条件的影响, 不能保证稳定输出, 因此为了有效的给负载供电, 一般也需要采 用并网发电系统, 即发电系统也与电网实现了连接, 这造成了在并网发电系统在 发电功率大于负载所需功率时会向电网输送电能。 但是, 基于技术以及管理等方 面的因素, 目前电网公司通常要求光伏并网系统为不可逆流发电系统, 即光伏并 网系统所发的电由本单位负荷消耗, 多余的电不允许通过低压配电变压器向上级 电网逆向送电。
因此, 对于并网发电系统而言, 防止把剩余电能送入电网是必不可少的功能。 为了实现该功能, 中国专利号为 201120090188.5, 专利名称为 《一种防逆流装置》 的专利文件公开了一种防逆流装置, 包括有太阳能发电光伏系统、 交流配电柜、 测控仪表、 防逆流控制器、 本地用电用户,其中防逆流控制器的信号输入端与监控 太阳能发电光伏系统的电压与电流的测控仪表的检测信号输出端连接,防逆流控 制器的信号输出端再通过测控仪表与交流配电柜连接,交流配电柜与本地用电用 户连接。 该专利的技术方案通过电压与电流的测控仪表监测网侧的电流电压判断 是否有多余电能送入电网并在发生多余电能进入电网时采取补救的措施以防止逆 流, 因此该技术方案对于逆流采取的是事后补救的方式, 虽然能起到一定作用, 但是依然存在多余电能被送入电网, 可能会使电网产生危险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免上述现有技术中的不足之处而提供一种能够在并网发 电系统可能产生能被送入电网的多余电之前就对其进行有效功率控制以防止逆流 产生的防逆流方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
提供了一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 包括步骤:
A、分别获取光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率, 计算参考量 ct, 所述 α =发电功率 /负载功率;
Β、 将参考量 α与预设的调整值 ε 2进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 2<1, 如果参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α下降。
其中, 在所述步骤 Β中, 将参考量 α与预设的控制值 ε 1进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 1< ε 2, 如果参考量 α大于控制值 ε 1且小于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率使 参考量 α的增长速率减缓。
其中, 在所述步骤 Β中, 将参考量 α与预设的大于调整值 ε 2的危险值 ε 3 进行比较, 如果 α小于危险值 ε 3且大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α缓慢下降; 如果 α大于危险值 ε 3, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α快速下降。
其中, 所述危险值 ε 3小于 1。
本发明的有益效果: 本发明提供了一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 分别获取 光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率, 并用发电功率除以负载功率获得参考量 α, 通过该参考量 α即可有效判断发电功率与负载所需的功率之间的关系。 当参 考量 α等于 1时, 即发电功率与负载功率相等, 当参考量 α大于 1时, 即发电功 率大于负载功率, 存在多余电能, 可能会产生逆流。 为了防止逆流, 设定调整值 ε 2, 当参考量 a大于调整值 ε 2时即控制发电功率使其下降, 使参考值 α下降以 保证其数值大小至多在调整值 ε 2附近波动, 同时由于调整值 ε 2小于 1, 所以参 考量 α大于 1的可能性非常小, 即整个并网发电系统的发电功率基本不会大于负 载所需功率, 也基本不存在可是送入电网的多余电能, 产生逆流的可能性非常小。 与现有技术相比, 本发明在逆流可能产生之前就对其进行有效控制, 大大减小了 逆流产生的可能性。
具体实施方式
结合以下实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
本发明一种并网发电系统防逆流方法的具体实施方式, 包括: 步骤:
Α、分别获取光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率, 计算参考量 ct, 所述 α
=发电功率 /负载功率;
Β、将参考量 a与预设的控制值 ε 1、调整值 ε 2和危险值 ε 3进行比较, 其中
0< ε 1< ε 2< ε 3<1。 在本实施例中, 参考量 α即可有效判断发电功率与负载所需的功率之间的关 系。 当参考量 α等于 1时, 即发电功率与负载功率相等, 当参考量 α大于 1时, 即发电功率大于负载功率, 存在多余电能, 可能会产生逆流。 为了防止逆流, 设 定调整值 ε 2, 当参考量 a大于调整值 ε 2时即控制发电功率使其下降, 使参考值 α下降以保证其数值大小至多在调整值 ε 2附近波动,同时由于调整值 ε 2小于 1, 所以参考量 α大于 1的可能性非常小, 即整个并网发电系统的发电功率基本不会 大于负载所需功率, 也基本不存在可是送入电网的多余电能, 产生逆流的可能性 非常小。 与现有技术相比, 本发明在逆流可能产生之前就对其进行有效控制, 大 大减小了逆流产生的可能性。 同时还设定了控制值 ε ΐ , 当参考量 α大于控制值 ε 1小于调整值 ε 2时, 说 明参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2的可能性比较大, 发电功率已经接近负载功率。 为了 避免在参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2时需要大幅度的调整发电功率, 此时即开始控制 发电功率使参考量 α的增长速率减缓, 一方面降低参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2的可 能性, 另一方面在参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2无需大幅度的调整发电功率, 提高了 发电系统的稳定性。
此外还设定危险值 ε 3, 当参考量 a大于调整值 ε 2时存在小于时危险值 ε 3 和大于危险值 ε 3两种情况。当参考量 α大于危险值 ε 3时说明参考量 α已经非常 接近甚至已经超过 1, 即逆流产生可能性非常大, 此时必须大幅度调整发电功率, 使参考量 α快速下降以降低逆流产生的可能性, 提高了系统的可靠性; 当参考量 α小于危险值 ε 3时说明逆流产生的可能性还处于可控区域中, 因此无需大幅度 调整发电功率而影响系统的稳定性, 只需要适当控制发电功率, 使参考量 α缓慢 下降。 这大大提高了系统的灵活性。
本文给出的方法, 其中的全部或部分步骤可以通过建立功能模块构架, 由计 算机程序指令控制计算机系统来完成。 这些计算机程序指令存储在计算机可读存 储介质中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 其特征在于包括步骤:
A、分别获取光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率, 计算参考量 ct, 所述 α =发电功率 /负载功率;
Β、 将参考量 α与预设的调整值 ε 2进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 2<1, 如果参考量 α大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α下降。
2. 如权利要求 1所述一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 其特征在于: 在所述步 骤 Β中, 将参考量 α与预设的控制值 ε 1进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 1< ε 2, 如果参考 量 α大于控制值 ε 1且小于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率使参考量 α的增长速率减 缓。
3. 如权利要求 1所述一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 其特征在于: 在所述步 骤 Β中,将参考量 a与预设的大于调整值 ε 2的危险值 ε 3进行比较,如果 α小于 危险值 ε 3且大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α缓慢下降; 如果 α大 于危险值 ε 3, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α快速下降。
4. 如权利要求 3所述一种并网发电系统防逆流方法, 其特征在于: 所述危险 值 ε 3小于 1。
5. 一种并网发电系统防逆流装置, 其特征在于包括:
装置 Α、 分别获取光伏系统的发电功率和负载的负载功率, 计算参考量 α , 所述 α =发电功率 /负载功率;
装置 Β、 将参考量 α与预设的调整值 ε 2进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 2<1, 如果参 考量 α大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α下降。
6. 如权利要求 1所述一种并网发电系统防逆流装置, 其特征在于: 在所述装 置 Β中, 将参考量 α与预设的控制值 ε 1进行比较, 其中, 0< ε 1< ε 2, 如果参考 量 α大于控制值 ε 1且小于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率使参考量 α的增长速率减 缓。
7. 如权利要求 1所述一种并网发电系统防逆流装置, 其特征在于: 在所述装 置 Β中,将参考量 a与预设的大于调整值 ε 2的危险值 ε 3进行比较,如果 α小于 危险值 ε 3且大于调整值 ε 2, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α缓慢下降; 如果 α大 于危险值 ε 3, 则控制发电功率, 使参考量 α快速下降。
8. 如权利要求 3所述一种并网发电系统防逆流装置, 其特征在于: 所述危险 值 ε 3小于 1。
PCT/CN2013/083893 2012-09-27 2013-09-22 一种并网发电系统防逆流方法和装置 WO2014048278A1 (zh)

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