WO2014048276A1 - 一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线 - Google Patents

一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线 Download PDF

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WO2014048276A1
WO2014048276A1 PCT/CN2013/083883 CN2013083883W WO2014048276A1 WO 2014048276 A1 WO2014048276 A1 WO 2014048276A1 CN 2013083883 W CN2013083883 W CN 2013083883W WO 2014048276 A1 WO2014048276 A1 WO 2014048276A1
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graphene
monofilaments
wire
graphene nanomaterial
nanomaterial
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French (fr)
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朱宽军
李新民
司佳钧
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of overhead transmission line wires, and particularly relates to a wire based on graphene nano material. Background technique
  • the loss of the transmission line mainly depends on the resistance of the wire.
  • the application of the high conductivity wire can not only significantly reduce the transmission line loss, but also increase the transmission capacity, reduce the life cycle cost, and achieve energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the application number is CN200810194862.7
  • the invention name is a high conductivity soft aluminum wire and a manufacturing method thereof
  • a high conductivity soft aluminum wire and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed.
  • the composition of the soft aluminum wire includes: Si ⁇ 0.08 % ; Fe ⁇ 0.20%, Cu ⁇ 0.005 %; 0.07 - 0.15 % boron, the balance is aluminum; the unit is weight percentage. It uses soft aluminum wire to reduce transmission line losses, thus effectively reducing operating costs.
  • the improvement is mainly the composition of the traditional aluminum wire, and the improvement effect is limited.
  • the copper alloy conductor is composed of a copper alloy containing 0.15 to 0.70% by weight (excluding 0.15% by weight) of Sn in a copper base material containing 0.001 to 0.1% by weight of oxygen (10 to 1000 ppm by weight).
  • the average particle diameter of the particles constituting the crystal structure is ⁇ or less, and 80% or more of the oxide of Sn dispersed in the matrix of the finished structure is a minute oxide having an average particle diameter of ⁇ or less.
  • Graphene materials have excellent electrical and mechanical properties, electrical conductivity is about three times that of aluminum, and 1.85 times that of copper, and the material has stable electrical conductivity. At the same time, the stone material is the thinnest and hardest nano material with a strong tensile strength (about 100 GPa).
  • the new nanomaterial graphene has a short history of research, and its excellent material properties have been prepared and applied at home and abroad. In terms of research, a lot of research work has been carried out and breakthrough research results have been achieved.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wire based on graphene nano material, which solves the problem that the conductivity of the conventional metal material such as aluminum and copper is limited, and the transmission capacity of the overhead transmission line is limited, and the wire of the graphene nano material can effectively reduce the line loss and improve The transmission power of overhead transmission lines.
  • a wire based on graphene nanomaterials the improvement being that the structure of the wire is:
  • the wire comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer is formed by twisting a single wire, and the monofilaments are closely adhered to each other to form a regular tubular structure, and the outer layer is provided with S a periphery of the inner layer, the outer layer has a circular cross section; the inner layer is formed by twisting steel or carbon fiber monofilament, graphene nano material nanotube monofilament or composite monofilament, The outer layer is twisted from a sheet of graphene nano material;
  • the graphene nano material sheet has a circular arc structure, and the arc angle a ranges from 25° ⁇ a ⁇ 30°;
  • Form 2 the wire is twisted by a round wire type monofilament, and the monofilaments are closely adhered to each other to form a regular tubular structure; the monofilament is a nanotube monofilament or a composite single of graphene nano material Wire twisted;
  • the circular cross section of the composite monofilament is a carbon fiber composite material
  • the inside of the circular cross section is a graphene nano material.
  • Another preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the graphene nano material sheets are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction thereof.
  • a gap is provided between the graphene nano material sheets.
  • the ring formed by the sheet of graphene nano material and the wire are concentric.
  • the twisting directions of the adjacent layers are opposite.
  • Replacement page (Article 26) According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monofilament is twisted into an n-layer structure, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
  • the monofilaments located in the same layer are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction thereof.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include:
  • the wire of the invention adopts graphene nano material as the conductive part, and the conductivity is more than three times higher than the traditional metal materials such as aluminum and copper. Under the same external conditions, the allowable current carrying capacity of the graphene wire of the same conductive section is a common wire. 10 times; therefore, graphene nanomaterial wires can significantly reduce the line loss, improve the wire draw ratio, improve the wire sag performance, reduce the tower height, increase the line spacing, and save line investment;
  • the graphene nano material wire can greatly increase the transmission power, and the transmission line transmission capacity increases;
  • the graphene nanomaterial has a strong tensile strength, and as a bearing part or a conductive part of the wire, the tensile strength of the wire can be significantly improved.
  • the graphene nano material-based wires of the invention have different structure types, can meet different transmission power requirements and different line operation requirements, and have good applicability.
  • Figure 1 is an attached graphene nanomaterial wire
  • Figure 2 is a nanotube-type graphene nanomaterial wire
  • Figure 3 is a composite graphene nanomaterial wire
  • Figure 4 is an attached nanotube tubular wire
  • Figure 5 is an attached composite graphene wire. detailed description
  • the invention provides a wire based on graphene nano material applied to an overhead transmission line, the wire has excellent electrical conductivity, can significantly reduce the electric loss of the transmission line, and improve the transmission power of the transmission line.
  • Wires have different structural shapes
  • the inner layer is made of composite materials such as steel or carbon fiber, mainly used as the bearing force, and the base of the new conductor of graphene nano material
  • the outer layer is a graphene nano material sheet. Cheng, is the conductive part of the overhead transmission line conductor.
  • the number of layers of the inner core or carbon fiber composite core and the number of outer graphene nanomaterials can be designed according to the actual transmission capacity of the line and the operation requirements of the line.
  • the steel or carbon fiber material is prepared into a round wire type monofilament, the monofilaments are closely adhered to each other, and are twisted into a regular tubular structure as an inner layer of the wire, and a graphene nano material sheet is disposed on the periphery of the inner layer of the wire, graphene nanometer
  • the material sheet constitutes an outer layer having a circular cross-sectional area, and the graphene nano material sheets are uniformly distributed in the outer layer along the circumferential direction thereof, and the graphene nano material sheets are equally spaced.
  • the graphene nano material sheet has a circular arc structure. According to the current line design method, in this patent, the sheet of graphene nano material is taken as 125 pieces, and the corresponding arc angle a ranges from 25 ° ⁇ a ⁇ 30°.
  • the graphene material is used as a wire structure, as a bearing and a base structure, and a graphene material nanotube of different diameters and numbers is twisted.
  • the diameter and number of graphene material nanotubes are designed according to the design of the line design and the operation requirements of the line.
  • the graphene material nanotubes are used as monofilaments and are twisted into a regular tubular structure.
  • the monofilaments are closely attached to each other, and the central axes of the monofilaments in the same layer form a circular shape.
  • Structure type three new type of composite graphene nano material wire
  • the circular cross-section is a base material, and a composite material such as carbon fiber which satisfies the requirements for wire manufacturing and transportation can be selected.
  • the graphene nano material is used as a wire portion, and is combined with a carbon fiber material to form a monofilament, and then twisted as needed. Make wires that meet the engineering needs.
  • the diameter and number of composite graphene materials are designed according to the line design transmission capacity and line operation requirements.
  • the composite graphene material is used as a monofilament, and is twisted into a regular tubular structure.
  • the monofilaments are closely adhered to each other, and the central axis of the monofilament located in the same layer is circular.
  • Structure type four new type of combined graphene nano material wire
  • the combination of the above three types is a structural form in which a novel nanotube-type graphene wire is attached, and a new composite graphene wire is attached.
  • a novel nanotube-type graphene wire is attached, that is, a graphene nanotube is used as a monofilament, and is twisted into a rule.
  • the tubular structure is used as the inner layer, and the monofilaments are closely attached to each other;
  • the outer layer of the inner layer of the wire is provided by a sheet of graphene nano material, and the sheet of graphene nano material is composed of a circular outer layer having a circular cross section, graphene nanometer.
  • the sheet of material is evenly distributed in the outer layer along its circumferential direction.
  • the graphene nano material sheet has a circular arc structure, and the arc angle a has the same value range as the structure type.
  • Figure 5 shows a composite composite graphene wire, that is, the composite graphene described in the structural form III, the graphene nano material as a wire portion, combined with carbon fiber and other materials into a monofilament, and then twisted into a wire
  • the regular tubular structure is used as the inner layer, and the monofilaments are closely attached; the graphene nanomaterial flakes are disposed on the outer periphery of the inner conductor layer, and the graphene nano material flakes form a circular outer layer, graphene nanometer.
  • the sheet of material is evenly distributed in the outer layer along its circumferential direction.
  • the graphene nano material sheet has a circular arc structure, and the arc angle a has the same value range as the structure type.
  • the current carrying capacity of the novel wire of the graphene nano material of the invention is 10 times of the current carrying capacity of the common wire of the same conductive cross section.
  • the calculation of the current carrying capacity of the wire is based on China's current standards. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
  • D is the outer diameter of the wire, m ;
  • 6 ⁇ is the emissivity of the surface of the wire
  • S is the Stephen-Boltzmann constant, 5.67 (T 8 W/m 2 ;
  • ⁇ is the ambient temperature, °C ;
  • « is the coefficient of heat absorption of the wire; the ratio of AC to DC resistance at t °C;
  • ⁇ is DC resistance at t °C
  • the graphene material has a resistivity of only about 10 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , which is the material with the lowest resistivity in the world.
  • the allowable temperature of the ordinary aluminum wire is 90 'C, and the graphene of the same conductive section is the same.
  • the allowable current carrying capacity of the graphene wire is 10 times that of the ordinary aluminum wire.

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Abstract

一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线的结构为，形式一：导线包括内层和外层，内层由钢或碳纤维的单丝、石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成，外层由石墨烯纳米材料薄片绞绕而成；形式二：导线由圆线型石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成，单丝之间相互紧贴，形成规整的管型结构，其中，复合式单丝的圆形截面为碳纤维复合材料，圆形截面内部为石墨烯纳米材料。该石墨烯纳米材料的导线能有效降低线路损耗，提高架空输电线路的输送功率，石墨烯导线的允许载流量为普通导线的10倍。

Description

种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线 技术领域
本发明属于架空输电线路导线技术领域， 具体涉及一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线。 背景技术
输电线路的损耗主要取决于导线的电阻， 应用高导电率导线不但可以显著降低输电线路 损耗， 还能增加输送能力， 降低全寿命周期成本， 实现节能减排。
近年來国内陆续研发了的高导电率导线， 主要从金属材料成分方面提高导线的导电率， 这些导线仍¾川传统的金属材料， 屯能力提 有限。
如申请号为 CN200810194862.7, 发明名称为一种高导电率软铝线及其制造方法的发明专 利， 公丌了一种高导电率软铝线及制造方法， 软铝线的成分包括： Si≤0.08 % ; Fe≤0.20%， Cu<0.005 % ; 0.07— 0.15 %的硼， 余为铝； 单位为重量百分数。 其利用软铝线降低输电线路损 耗， 从而有效降低运行费用。 其改进主要是传统铝导线的成分， 改进效果有限。
又如申请号为 CN200610002:n4.5， 发明名称为铜合金导体及其架空导线、 电缆以及铜合 金导体的制造方法的发明专利， 是对传统铜合金材料的成分进行的改进。 其技术方案为： 铜 合金导体是 t4在含有氧 0.001〜0.1重量％(10〜1000 重量 ppm)的铜母材中含有 0.15〜0.70重 量％(不包括 0.15 重量％)Sn 的铜合金所构成， 构成结晶组织的品粒的平均粒径小于等于 ΙΟΟμιη , 并 在结品组织基体中弥散分布的 Sn 的氧化物的 80%或以上是平均粒径小于等于 Ι μηι的微小氧化物。
同时， 也有从导体材料的制备工艺方面进行改进的专利技术， 如申请号为 CN201210073600.1 , 发明名称为节能高强度铝合佘线及其制造方法的发明专利申请， 专利申 请通过熔炼、 调配铝合金、 净化、 炉前快速分析、 细化晶体、 除气、 保温过滤、 水平浇铸、 进轧控制和铝杆轧制、 铝线拉拔和实效退火制备出产品铝合金线。 铝合金线导电率在 53.5%IACS 以上， 强度≥325MPa， 其余性能满足 《架空导线用铝 -镁-硅合金圆线》 中 LHA1 的技术要求。
石墨烯材料具有优异的电气和机械性能， 导电率约是铝的 3倍， 铜的 1.85倍， 材料导电 性能稳定。同吋，石 烯材料是最薄、最 硬的纳米材料，具有极强的抗拉能力（约 100GPa )。
新型纳米材料石墨烯的研究历史较短， 于其优异的材料特性， 国内外在制备及应用研 究方面， 开展了大量的研究工作， 取得了突破性的研究成果。
石 SI烯材料制备方面， 韩 1 科学家发现制备大尺寸、 高质量石墨烯薄膜的方法； 美国研 究人员开发了制造石墨烯和碳纳米管混合材料的新方法， 为石墨烯纳米材料的工业化应用奠 定了^实的基础。
石墨烯材料性能研究方面， 国内外研究人员在材料的导电性、 导热性， 以及应用研究等 领域研究开展了大量的研究工作，为石墨烯纳米材料的应用研究提供了理论和工程应用依据。
石墨烯材料应用研究方面， IBM公司研制出运行速度最快的石墨烯晶体管， 此外， 光子 传感器、 纳米电子器件、 太阳能电池、 增强复合材料等， 也都是目前石墨烯应用研究领域的 热点。 在电力传输领域， 美国科研人员利用石墨烯设计出了简便、 快速的纳米电线制造方法， 能够调谐石墨烯的电学特征， 但其应用主要集中在微电子领域， 石墨烯材料在架空输电线路 用导线领域的应用研究仍属 白。 发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 解决铝铜等传统金属材料导电率 提高有限， 进而架空输电线路输送容量有限的问题， 石墨烯纳米材料的导线能有效降低线路 损耗， 提高架空输电线路的输送功率。
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其改进之处在于所述导线的结构为：
形式一： 所述导线包括内层和外层， 所述内层 ώ圆线型单丝绞绕而成， 单丝之间相互紧 贴， 形成规整的管型结构， 所述外层设 S于内层的外围， 所述外层的横截面为圆形结构； 所述内层由钢或碳纤维的单丝、 石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成， 所述外层由石墨烯纳米材料薄片绞绕而成；
所述石墨烯纳米材料薄片为圆弧形结构， 圆弧角 a取值范围 25°<a<30°;
形式二： 所述导线 ώ圆线型单丝绞绕而成， 单丝之问相互紧贴， 形成规整的管型结构； 所述单丝为石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成；
其中， 所述复合式单丝的圆形截面为碳纤维复合材料， 圆形截面内部为石墨烯纳米材料。 本发明的另一优选技术方案为： 所述石墨烯纳米材料薄片沿其圆周方向均匀分布。
本发明的再一优选技术方案为： 所述石墨烯纳米材料薄片之间设有间隙。
本发明的又一优选技术方案为：所述石墨烯纳米材料薄片构成的圆环与所述导线同圆心。 本发明的再一优选技术方案为： 所述相邻层的绞绕方向相反。 替换页 （细则第 26条) 本发明的又一优选技术方案为： 所述单丝绞绕成 n层结构， n为大于 1的自然数。
本发明的再一优选技术方案为： 位于同一层的所述单丝沿其圆周方向均匀分布。
山于采用了上述技术方案， 现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果包括：
1 ) 输电线路电损降低
本发明导线采用石墨烯纳米材料作为导电部分， 导电率比铝和铜等传统金属材料提高 3 倍以上， 在其他外界条件相同的情况下， 相同导电截面的石墨烯导线的允许载流量为普通导 线的 10倍； 因此石墨烯纳米材料导线能显著降低线路损耗， 同时提高导线拉重比， 改善导线 弧垂性能， 降低杆塔高度， 增大线路档距， 节省线路投资；
2) 输电线路输送功率提高
石墨烯纳米材料导线能大幅提高输送功率， 输电线路输送容量增大；
3) 输电线路抗拉能力提高
ώ于石墨烯纳米材料具冇极强的抗拉能力， 作为导线的承力部分或导电部分， 均能显著 提高导线的抗拉能力。
4) 导线通用性能良好
本发明的基于石墨烯纳米材料导线具有不同结构型式， 能够满足不同输送功率要求和不 同线路运行要求， 适用能力较好。 附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进一歩说明。
图 1是附着式石墨烯纳米材料导线；
图 2是纳米管式石墨烯纳米材料导线；
图 3是复合式石墨烯纳米材料导线；
图 4是附着纳米管式石墨烯导线；
图 5是附着复合式石墨烯导线。 具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明进行详细的说明。
本发明提供了一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线应用于架空输电线路， 导线具有优异的导 电性能， 能够显著降低输电线路的电损， 提高输电线路的输送功率。 导线具有不同的结构形
替换页 （细则第 26条) 式， 具体结构如下。 结构型式一： 附着式石墨烯纳米材料新型导线
如附 1冬 1 1所示， 内层为钢或碳纤维等复合材料绞制而成， 主要作为承力作用， 以及石墨 烯纳米材料新型导线的基底， 外^为石墨烯纳米材料薄片绞制而成， 是架空用输电线路导线 的导电部分。 其中内层的钢芯或碳纤维复合芯的层数， 以及外层石墨烯纳米材料的片数， 可 根据线路实际输送容量及线路运行要求设计。
钢或碳纤维材料制备成圆线型单丝， 单丝之间相互紧贴， 绞绕成规则管型结构作为导线 的内层， 在导线内层的外围设置 ώ石墨烯纳米材料薄片， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片构成横截面积 为圆形的外层， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片沿其圆周方向均匀的分布在外层， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片 等间距放置。 石墨烯纳米材料薄片为圆弧结构， 根据目前型线设计方法， 本专利中石墨烯纳 米材料薄片取 12 5片， 相应的圆弧角 a的取值范围为 25 ° <a<30° 。
结构型式二： 纳米管式石墨烯纳米材料新型导线
如附图 2所示， 石墨烯材料既作为导线结构， 也作为承力和基底结构， ώ不同直径及数 量的石墨烯材料纳米管绞制而成。 其中石墨烯材料纳米管的直径及数量根据线路设计输送容 量及线路运行要求设计。
石墨烯材料纳米管作为单丝， 绞绕成规则的管型结构， 单丝之间相互紧贴， 位于同一层 单丝的中心轴线构成圆形。
结构型式三： 复合式石墨烯纳米材料新型导线
如图 3所示， 圆形截面部分为基底材料， 可选用碳纤维等能满足导线制造和运输要求的 复合材料， 石墨烯纳米材料作为导线部分， 与碳纤维等材料复合成单丝， 进而根据需要绞制 成满足工程需要的导线。 其中复合式石墨烯材料直径及根数根据线路设计输送容量及线路运 行要求设计。
复合式石墨烯材料作为单丝， 绞绕成规则的管型结构， 单丝之间相互紧贴， 位于同一层 单丝的中心轴线构成圆形。
结构型式四： 组合式石墨烯纳米材料新型导线
即以上三种型式的组合型式， 即附着纳米管式新型石墨烯导线、 附着复合式新型石墨烯 导线等结构形式。
如图 4所述为附着纳米管式新型石墨烯导线， 即以石墨烯纳米管作为单丝， 绞绕成规则
替换页 （细则第 26条) 的管型结构作为内层， 单丝之间相互紧贴； 在导线内层的外 1¾设置由石墨烯纳米材料薄片， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片构成横截面积为圆形的外层， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片沿其圆周方向均匀的 分布在外层。 石墨烯纳米材料薄片为圆弧结构， 圆弧角 a的取值范围同结构型式一。
图 5所示为附着复合式新型石墨烯导线， 即以结构形式三所述的复合式石墨烯， 石墨烯 纳米材料作为导线部分， 与碳纤维等材料复合成单丝， 然后将^丝绞绕成规则的管型结构作 为内层， 单丝之间相 紧贴； 在导线内层的外围设置 ώ石墨烯纳米材料薄片， 石墨烯纳米材 料薄片构成横截面积为圆形的外层， 石墨烯纳米材料薄片沿其圆周方向均匀的分布在外层。 石墨烯纳米材料薄片为圆弧结构， 圆弧角 a的取值范围同结构型式一。
在其他外界条件相同的情况下， 本发明石墨烯纳米材料新型导线载流量， 是相同导电截 面普通导线载流量的 1 0 倍。 其中导线载流量的计算依据我国现行标准， 具体采用的计算公 式如下：
19.926'( D)° 485 + nsSD [_(θ + ta + 273)4 - (tu + 213†] - asI D
；' 一 { ' ¾ ' - 式中：
为导线的载流温升， °C ;
为 Μ·速， m/s ;
D为导线外径， m;
6·为导线表面的辐射系数；
S为斯蒂芬-包尔茨曼常数， 5.67 (T8W/m2 ;
^为环境温度， °C ;
«、为导线吸热系数； 为 t°C时的交直流电阻比；
^为 t°C时直流电阻；
/为円光对导线的円照强度， W/m2。 石墨烯材料的电阻率只约 10—όΩ ηι， 为目前世上电阻率最小的材料， 在其他外界条件相 同的情况下， 假设普通铝导线的允许温度为 90 'C， 相同导电截面的石墨烯导线的允许温度为 12CTC时， 石墨烯导线的允许载流量为普通铝导线的 10倍。
替换页 （细则第 26条) 此处已经根据特定的示例性实施例对本发明进行了描述。 对本领域的技术人员来说在不脱离本发明的 范围卜'进行适当的替换 修改将是显而易见的。 示例性的实施例仅仅是例证性的， 而不是对本发明的范围 的限制， 本发明的范闱由所附的权利耍求定义。
替换页 （细则第 26条)

Claims

权 利 要 求
U 一种基于石墨烯纳米 ^料的导线， 其特征在于所述导线的结构为：
形式一： 所述导线包括内层和外层， 所述内层由圆线型单丝绞绕而成， 单丝之间相互紧 贴， 形成规整的管型结构， 所述外层设置于内层的外围， 所述外层的横截面为圆形结构； 所述内层由钢或碳纤维的单丝、 石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成， 所述外层由石墨烯纳米材料薄片绞绕而成；
所述石墨烯纳米材料薄片为圆弧形结构， 根据目前型线设计方法， 本专利中石墨烯纳米 材料薄 i†取 12~15片, 相应的圆弧角 a取值范围为 25':'<a<30°;
形式二： 所述导线由圆线型单丝绞绕而成， 单丝之间相互紧贴， 形成规整的管型结构； 所述单丝为石墨烯纳米材料的纳米管单丝或复合式单丝绞绕而成；
其中， 所述复合式单丝的圆形截面为碳纤维复合材料， 圆形截面内部为石墨烯纳米材料。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于所述石墨烯纳米 材料薄片沿其圆周方向均匀分布。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于所述石墨烯纳米 材料薄片之间设有间隙。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于所述石墨烯纳米 材料薄片构成的圆环与所述导线同圆心。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于所述相邻层的绞 绕方向相反。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于所述单丝绞绕成 n 层结构， 11为大于 1的自然数。
7、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种基于石墨烯纳米材料的导线， 其特征在于位于同一层的所 述单丝沿其圆周方向均勾分布。
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