WO2014043936A1

WO2014043936A1 - Vehicle frame, multi-axle vehicle chassis and engineering machinery

Info

Publication number: WO2014043936A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/082130
Authority: WO
Inventors: 詹纯新; 刘权; 王启涛; 王文佳; 刘学俭; 宁介雄
Original assignee: 中联重科股份有限公司; 湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司
Priority date: 2012-09-20
Filing date: 2012-09-27
Publication date: 2014-03-27
Also published as: CN102849112B; CN102849112A

Abstract

Disclosed are a vehicle frame, a multi-axle vehicle chassis (2) having the vehicle frame and engineering machinery, the vehicle frame comprising a first and second section arranged in a front-back direction, wherein a swinging connection structure for enabling the first section and the second sections to swing up and down relative to each other is provided between the first section and the second section. By dividing the vehicle frame into the first and second section connected to each other and capable of swinging, the chassis has an improved passing ability and is able to adapt to relatively poor road conditions, and the probability that a transmission or running component is damaged is reduced at the same time.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle frame, and to a multi-axle vehicle chassis and construction machine having the same. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, many crane manufacturers around the world have introduced super-large tonnage all-terrain cranes. The gross tonnage of an oversized tonnage all-terrain crane is large, but the total weight of the crane itself is also large. In the case that the total weight of the crane is difficult to reduce, in order to make the axle load of these super-tonnage cranes meet the requirements of relevant national laws and regulations, it is necessary to increase the number of shafts. At present, domestic and foreign manufacturers have produced all-terrain cranes with nine axles. At the same time, the length of the crane is also designed to be long. The crane frame in the prior art is generally an integral frame. When the crane has a large tonnage and a large number of axles, it is inevitable to design the crane to be relatively long. With the aforementioned oversized tonnage cranes introduced in the market in recent years. This trend is increasingly evident. However, the increase in the length of the crane has caused some problems for the crane. As we all know, the crane needs to frequently enter and exit some roads with very poor road conditions. If the length of the crane chassis is too long, it is easy to cause on the uneven road due to the suspension stroke. The wheels are suspended, resulting in a series of problems such as insufficient driving force and uneven axle load, which seriously affect the normal use of the crane and, in some cases, even cause serious damage to the crane's transmission or traveling system. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks existing in the prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle frame and a construction machine and a multi-axle vehicle having the same, which can improve the passage of the chassis and can adapt to occasions with poor road conditions. In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the invention, a frame is provided, the frame including a first section and a second section arranged in a front-rear direction, between the first section and the second section There is a swing connection structure that can swing up and down between the two. Further, the first segment and the second segment are respectively a front frame and a rear frame, and the swing connection structure includes a positioning portion and a swinging portion, and a lower portion of the swinging connecting structure forms the positioning portion and the upper portion forming portion The swinging portion or the upper portion of the swinging connection structure forms the positioning portion, and the lower portion forms the swing portion. Further, the swing connection structure has a fixed connection state and a swing connection state. Further, the positioning portion positions the front end of the rear frame to the rear end of the front frame, and the swinging portion connects the front frame and the rear frame in a fixed connection state and a swing connection Switch between states. Further, the positioning portion includes a plurality of positioning holes and a plurality of positioning connecting pins, and the plurality of positioning holes are respectively disposed at a rear portion of the front frame and a front portion of the rear frame, the positioning connection a pin connecting the front frame and the corresponding positioning hole on the rear frame; the swinging portion includes a plurality of first holes, a plurality of second holes, and a plurality of swing connecting pins, the plurality of a first hole is disposed at a rear portion of the front frame, the plurality of second holes are disposed at a front portion of the rear frame, and the swing connecting pin is to be a first hole and a seat on the front frame The corresponding second hole on the rear frame is connected. Further, the positioning hole is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin corresponds to an inner diameter of the positioning hole; and one of the first hole and the second hole is a swinging hole a second circular positioning hole; the oscillating hole is composed of an intermediate arc located at a middle portion and two arcs at both ends, wherein a radius of the intermediate arc is greater than a radius of the arc of the two sides; The connecting portion of the swing connecting pin is divided into a first stage and a second stage in the axial direction, the radius of the first stage is smaller than the radius of the second stage and the radius of the intermediate arc, the first stage and the The radius of the second stage corresponds to the radius of the two side arcs and the intermediate arc, respectively, and the radius of the second stage corresponds to the inner diameter of the second positioning hole. Further, the positioning hole is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin corresponds to an inner diameter of the positioning hole; the first hole and the second hole are both swing holes, The oscillating hole is composed of an intermediate arc located at a middle portion and two arcs at both ends, wherein a radius of the intermediate arc is larger than a radius of the arcs of the two sides; a connecting portion of the oscillating connecting pin is divided into the first in the axial direction a second stage, a radius of the first stage is smaller than a radius of the second stage and smaller than a radius of the intermediate arc, and a radius of the first stage and the second stage is respectively opposite to the two sides The arc corresponds to the radius of the middle arc. Further, the positioning hole is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin corresponds to an inner diameter of the positioning hole; the first hole and the second hole are both swing holes, or One of the two is a swinging hole, and the other is a circular second positioning hole; the swinging hole is composed of an intermediate arc located at the middle portion and two arcs at both ends, and the radius of the intermediate arc is larger than the arc of the two sides The radius of the connecting portion of the swinging connecting pin is smaller than the radius of the intermediate arc, and corresponds to the radius of the arc of the two sides and the inner diameter of the second positioning hole. Further, the positioning hole and the first hole are disposed on the front frame, and the positioning hole and the second hole corresponding to the rear frame are also two. Further, the frame further includes detecting means for detecting the position of the swinging connecting pin. In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-axle vehicle chassis is provided, the multi-axle vehicle chassis comprising a frame, the frame being the frame according to any of the preceding claims. In order to achieve the above object, according to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction machine comprising a multi-axle vehicle chassis, the multi-axle vehicle chassis being a multi-axle vehicle chassis as described above. According to the technical solution of the present invention, by dividing the frame into the first and second sections which are connected to each other and swingable, the passage of the chassis is improved, and the situation of poor road conditions can be adapted, and the transmission or traveling components are reduced. The chance of damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention 1 is a schematic structural view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rear portion of a crane front frame according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a rear view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a schematic structural view of a swing connecting pin according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a front and rear frame of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is FIG. A cross-sectional view of the oscillating connection structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It should be noted that features of various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without explicitly defining or conflicting. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. 1 is a schematic structural view of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the crane includes an operating mechanism 1 and a chassis 2, wherein the operating mechanism 1 is disposed above the chassis 2. The operating mechanism can be, for example, a cab of a crane, a hydraulic drive or a circuit control device or the like. The chassis 2 includes a frame including a front frame 3 and a rear frame 4. Depending on the overall length and force of the chassis frame, the frame can be broken into two sections at appropriate locations to form a front frame 3 of the first segment and a rear frame 4 of the second segment, respectively. The front frame 3 and the rear frame 4 are connected to each other by a connecting device to form an integral part of the frame. The front-rear direction referred to herein refers to the front-rear direction when the frame extends in the direction of travel of the vehicle. In this embodiment according to the present invention, the front frame 3 and the rear frame 4 are connected by a swing connection structure, which allows the front frame 3 and the rear frame 4 to be in a fixed connection state and a swing connection. Switch between states. Wherein, the fixed connection state refers to a state in which the front frame and the rear frame are fixedly connected to each other, and no relative displacement (including, of course, a swing cannot be generated), and the swing connection state refers to the front frame and the rear. Although the frames are connected together, but can have a certain amount of swing, for example, the front frame and the rear frame can be respectively hinged at their lower ends, and the upper ends of the front and rear frames can have a certain relative to each other. The amount of swing allows the front and rear frames to rotate within a certain range around the positioning portion. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rear portion of a front frame of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a front portion of a rear frame of a crane according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a swinging connecting pin according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the front and rear frames of the crane according to an embodiment of the present invention. At this time, only the holes correspond to each other, and no pin is inserted; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the swing connection structure of FIG. At this time, each pin is inserted into the corresponding hole of each group. For the convenience of observation, the left swing connection pin 10 is not inserted into the hole, and the second stage of the right swing connection pin 10 is simultaneously inserted into a corresponding set of holes, and at the same time, the left side The positioning connecting pin 9 is also not inserted into the hole, and the right positioning connecting pin 9 is inserted into a corresponding set of holes. As shown in FIG. 2, a first docking device 5 is disposed at a rear portion of the front frame, and the first docking device may be a pair of parallel plate-like members protruding rearward, and the lower ends of the plate members are respectively disposed Two positioning holes 7 are distributed along the longitudinal direction of the frame (i.e., the direction perpendicularly penetrating or penetrating along the paper surface of Fig. 2). Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 3, a second docking device 6 is disposed at the front of the rear frame, and the second docking device may be a pair of parallel plate-like members protruding forward, and two at the lower ends thereof. Positioning holes 7, which are also distributed along the longitudinal direction of the frame. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5, the first docking device 5 at the rear of the front frame and the second docking device 6 at the front of the rear frame overlap each other, and the two pairs of positioning holes 7 respectively disposed at the lower ends thereof coincide with each other. alignment. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the positioning coupling pin 9 can be inserted into a corresponding pair of positioning holes 7 in the front portion of the front frame and the front portion of the rear frame. The positioning hole is a circular hole, and the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin that cooperates with the positioning hole has a cylindrical shape, and an inner diameter of the positioning hole corresponds to an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin. The term "corresponding" as used herein and in the following places means that the connecting portion of the pin is just inserted into the hole. Therefore, the positioning connecting pin and the positioning hole constitute a positioning portion, and the front portion of the rear frame can be restrained at the rear portion of the front frame, so that the front and rear frames are positioned and connected together. As shown in FIG. 2, two second positioning holes 81 are respectively disposed at the upper ends of the first docking device 5, and the two second positioning holes 81 are along the longitudinal direction of the frame (ie, along the paper of FIG. 2 The direction in which the face is vertically penetrated or penetrated. Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 3, two swinging holes 8 are respectively provided at the upper ends of the second docking device 6, and the two swinging holes 8 are also distributed along the longitudinal direction of the frame. Thus, as shown in Figure 5, the first docking of the rear of the front frame The device 5 and the second docking device 6 at the front of the rear frame are overlapped with each other, and the second positioning holes 81 and the swing holes 8 respectively provided at the upper ends thereof are aligned with each other. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the swing link pin 10 can be inserted into a pair of second positioning holes 81 and swing holes 8 in the front portion of the front frame and the front portion of the rear frame. Unlike the positioning hole 7 described above, the oscillating hole 8 is not a regular circular hole, but is composed of an upper and lower circular arc located in the middle portion (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate circular arc) and two left and right circular arcs on both sides. (hereinafter referred to as a double-sided arc), and the radius of the intermediate arc is larger than the radius of the arc of the two sides. Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, unlike the structure of the positioning pin 9 described above, the connecting portion of the swinging connecting pin 10 is divided into a first stage and a second stage in the axial direction, and the radius of the first stage is smaller than the second stage. The radius of the first stage corresponds to the diameter of the arc of the two sides of the swing hole 8 and is smaller than the diameter of the middle arc of the swing hole 8, and the radius of the second stage is intermediate with the swing hole 8. The diameter of the circular arc corresponds to the diameter of the second stage corresponding to the inner diameter of the second positioning hole 81. When the swing connecting pin 10 sequentially passes through the second positioning hole 81 and the swing hole 8, and the second stage of the connecting portion is simultaneously inserted into the second positioning hole 81 and the swing hole 8, due to the radius of the second stage The radius of the second positioning hole corresponds to the radius of the intermediate arc. At this time, the cooperation of the swinging connecting pin and the second positioning hole and the swinging hole can position and connect the upper ends of the front and rear frames. Since the lower ends of the front and rear frames are also positioned and connected by the positioning holes and the positioning connecting pins, the front frame and the rear frame can be completely locked together, which can reduce the impact and is suitable for driving in a good road condition. When the swing link pin 10 inserts the second stage of its connecting portion into the second positioning hole 81 and the first stage is inserted into the swing hole 8, since the radius of the first stage is smaller than the radius of the intermediate arc, and The radius of the first stage corresponds to the radius of the arc of the two sides, so that the first stage of the connecting portion of the swing joint pin 10 can be moved within a certain range in the swing hole 8, thereby swinging the joint pin, the second positioning hole and the swing The holes together constitute a swinging portion. At this time, the positioning portions of the lower ends of the front and rear frames are the axes, and the front and rear frames can generate a certain amount of swinging relative to each other through the swinging portions, thereby facilitating the improvement of the passage of the crane chassis under bad road conditions. At the same time, the chance of damage to the drive or running parts is reduced. Of course, it is also conceivable that the radius of the first stage of the connecting portion of the oscillating connecting pin 10 corresponds to the inner diameter of the second positioning hole 81. Thus, the swinging connecting pin 10 can also sequentially pass through the swinging hole 8 and the second positioning hole 81, and swing the connecting pin and swing when the second stage of the connecting portion is simultaneously inserted into the swinging hole 8 and the second positioning hole 81. The cooperation of the hole and the second positioning hole allows the upper ends of the front and rear frames to be positioned and connected together. When the first stage of the connecting portion is simultaneously inserted into the swing hole 8 and the second positioning hole 81, since the radius of the first stage is smaller than the radius of the intermediate arc and the inner diameter of the second positioning hole, The first stage has a certain amount of swing in the swing hole and the second positioning hole, but the amplitude of the swing in the second positioning hole is small. Compared with the previous embodiment, since the swing connecting pin swings in the swing hole and the second positioning hole at the same time, the swing joint pin needs to bear a large shear stress, which may reduce the joint strength to some extent and shorten the swing. The life of the connecting pin. In order to detect the action of the oscillating connecting pin at any time, it is also possible to mount a detecting device such as a proximity switch or the like on the crane. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of proximity switches 11 and 12 may be provided at appropriate positions in the vicinity of the swing link pin 10. When the proximity switch 11 detects a signal, it may be determined that the second stage of the swing link pin 10 has been inserted into the swing hole. At this time, the front and rear frames are in a fixed connection state; when the proximity switch 12 has a signal, it can be determined that the first stage of the swing connection pin 10 has been inserted into the swing hole, and the front and rear frames are in a swing connection state. Therefore, the oscillating connecting pin can be easily operated and the state thereof can be determined by the signal detected by the detecting means regarding the position of the oscillating connecting pin. In the foregoing embodiment, the positioning portion constituted by the positioning hole and the positioning connecting pin is provided at the lower end of the front frame rear portion and the rear frame front portion, and the swing portion composed of the swing hole and the swing connecting pin is disposed in the front frame The upper end of the rear and rear frame front. In fact, the positioning portion may also be disposed at an upper end of the front frame rear portion and the rear frame front portion, and the swing portion is disposed at a rear portion of the front frame rear portion and the rear frame front portion, that is, the The positioning positions of the positioning portion and the swing portion are interchanged up and down, and the same technical effects can still be achieved after the interchange. Moreover, the docking device at the rear of the front frame and the docking device at the front of the rear frame are not limited to the shape and structure in the embodiment, but may be any one that can facilitate the formation of holes and enable the holes on the front and rear frames to coincide. The positioning hole and the oscillating hole are not limited to being disposed on the independent docking device, but can be formed in the corresponding positions on the front and rear frames, and can be overlapped correspondingly, so that the pin can be inserted therefrom. In addition, the shape of the oscillating hole is not limited to a hole formed by an intermediate arc and two arcs, and may be formed by more arcs having different radii, or may be other shapes than the arc; accordingly, the oscillating connecting pin is also It is not limited to being composed of two parts having different radii, and may be other suitable shapes. As long as the shape of the oscillating connecting pin connecting portion that cooperates with the oscillating hole is changed, the oscillating portion can be connected in a fixed connection state and a swing connection. Switch between states. In addition, the positioning holes and the swing holes respectively provided on the front and rear frames are not limited to two groups (two in the front and rear frames, respectively, forming two groups), or two or more sets, as long as these are separately set. The sets of holes in the front and rear frames can be aligned with each other and are adapted to cooperate with the positioning pin or the swing pin. If you want the connection between the front and rear frames to be more stable, you can use more than two sets of positioning holes and swing holes, but the structure is more complicated. In another embodiment, the swinging portion may also adopt a swinging hole. When the swinging connecting pin is inserted into the pair of swinging holes, the second stage of the swinging connecting pin swings in the two swinging holes at the same time. Switching between a fixed connection state and a swing connection state is achieved. However, compared with the previous embodiment (the swinging connecting pin only swings in the swinging hole, or in addition to swinging in the swinging hole, there is a small swing in the second positioning hole), the swinging connection The second stage of the pin has a large amplitude swing in the two swing holes at the same time, and the swing joint pin needs to withstand greater shear stress, which may reduce the joint strength to some extent and shorten the service life of the swing joint pin. In the foregoing various embodiments, the front frame and the rear frame are connected by a swing connection structure that allows the front frame and the rear frame to be switched between a fixed connection state and a swing connection state. Of course, it can also be designed such that the front frame and the rear frame are always in a swing connection state, thereby making the frame structure simpler and easier to operate. At this time, compared with the structures in the foregoing various embodiments, the structure of the positioning portion is unchanged, and the structure of the swing hole in the swing portion is also unchanged, but the swing connection pins having different diameters are no longer used. The connecting pin having a fixed diameter is adopted, and the diameter of the connecting portion of the connecting pin corresponds to the diameter of the arc of both sides of the swinging hole (when the second positioning hole is used, it also corresponds to the inner diameter of the second positioning hole) ) and smaller than the diameter of the intermediate arc. With such a configuration, since the diameter of the connecting portion of the connecting pin is always smaller than the diameter of the intermediate arc of the swinging hole, the front and rear frames are always in a swinging connection state. Further, the foregoing several embodiments of the present invention are exemplified by a two-segment frame, but the frame may be divided into two or more sections, each of which is connected by the aforementioned swing connection structure. In addition, although the foregoing several embodiments of the present invention have been described by taking a crane as an example, the swingable frame structure is not limited to a construction machine such as a crane, but can also be applied to a multi-axle vehicle chassis, and can also be applied to all. In a device with a vehicle chassis. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim

A vehicle frame, comprising: a first segment and a second segment arranged in a front-rear direction, wherein the first segment and the second segment are movable between the two Swinging swing connection structure.

2. The frame according to claim 1, wherein the first segment and the second segment are respectively a front frame

(3) and the rear frame (4), the swing connection structure includes a positioning portion and a swing portion, the lower portion of the swing connection structure forms the positioning portion, the upper portion forms the swing portion, or the swing connection structure The positioning portion is formed on the upper portion, and the swing portion is formed in the lower portion.

3. The frame according to claim 2, wherein the swing connection structure has a fixed connection state and a swing connection state.

The frame according to claim 3, wherein the positioning portion positions a front end of the rear frame (4) to a rear end of the front frame (3), the swinging portion The front frame (3) and the rear frame (4) are switched between the fixed connection state and the swing connection state.

The frame according to claim 2, wherein the positioning portion comprises a plurality of positioning holes (7) and a plurality of positioning connecting pins (9), wherein the plurality of positioning holes are respectively disposed in front of the front a rear portion of the frame (3) and a front portion of the rear frame (4), the positioning connecting pin (9) connects the corresponding positioning holes on the front frame and the rear frame The swinging portion includes a plurality of first holes, a plurality of second holes, and a plurality of swing connecting pins, the plurality of first holes being disposed at a rear portion of the front frame (3), the plurality of Two holes are provided at a front portion of the rear frame (4), and the swing connection pins connect the first holes on the front frame and the corresponding second holes on the rear frame.

The frame according to claim 5, wherein the positioning hole (7) is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin (9) and the positioning hole (7) Corresponding to the inner diameter; one of the first hole and the second hole is a swing hole (8), and the other is a circular second positioning hole; the swing hole (8) is defined by a middle circle located in the middle The arc is composed of two arcs at both ends, and the radius of the intermediate arc is larger than the radius of the arc of the two sides; the connecting portion of the swing connecting pin (10) is divided into the first stage and the second stage along the axial direction, a radius of the first stage is smaller than a radius of the second stage and a radius of the intermediate arc, and a radius of the first stage and the second stage respectively is different from a radius of the two sides of the arc and the intermediate arc Correspondingly, the radius of the second stage or the radius of the first stage corresponds to the inner diameter of the second positioning hole.

The frame according to claim 5, wherein the positioning hole (7) is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin (9) and the positioning hole (7) The inner diameter of the first hole and the second hole are both swinging holes (8), and the swinging hole (8) is composed of an intermediate arc located at the middle portion and two arcs at both ends, the middle The radius of the arc is larger than the radius of the arc of the two sides; the connecting portion of the swinging connecting pin (10) is divided into the first stage and the second stage in the axial direction, and the radius of the first stage is smaller than the second stage The radius of the intermediate arc and the radius of the intermediate arc, the radii of the first stage and the second stage respectively correspond to the radii of the two side arcs and the intermediate arc.

The frame according to claim 5, wherein the positioning hole (7) is a circular hole, and an outer diameter of the connecting portion of the positioning connecting pin (9) and the positioning hole (7) Corresponding to the inner diameter; the first hole and the second hole are both swing holes (8), or one of them is a swing hole (8), and the other is a circular second positioning hole; 8) consisting of an intermediate arc located at the middle portion and two arcs at both ends, the radius of the intermediate arc being larger than the radius of the arcs of the two sides; the radius of the connecting portion of the swing connecting pin is smaller than the intermediate arc The radius corresponds to the radius of the arc of the two sides or the inner diameter of the second positioning hole.

The frame according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: the positioning hole (7) and the first hole provided on the front frame (3) are two, the rear The positioning hole (7) and the second hole corresponding to the frame (4) are also two.

10. A frame according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the frame further comprises detection means for detecting the position of the oscillating connecting pin (10).

A multi-axle vehicle chassis comprising a frame, wherein the frame is a frame according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A construction machine comprising a multi-axle vehicle chassis, characterized in that the multi-axle vehicle chassis is a multi-axle vehicle chassis according to claim 11.