WO2014041720A1 - モータ制御装置及びモータ制御方法 - Google Patents
モータ制御装置及びモータ制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014041720A1 WO2014041720A1 PCT/JP2013/002856 JP2013002856W WO2014041720A1 WO 2014041720 A1 WO2014041720 A1 WO 2014041720A1 JP 2013002856 W JP2013002856 W JP 2013002856W WO 2014041720 A1 WO2014041720 A1 WO 2014041720A1
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- Prior art keywords
- motor
- torque
- air volume
- torque command
- speed
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/28—Arrangements for controlling current
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor control device and a motor control method, and more particularly, to an air volume control method for a blower in an air conditioning system that performs ventilation and air conditioning.
- pressure loss conditions conditions for determining the pressure loss of the air conditioning system
- the pressure loss condition varies depending on the shape and length of the duct connected to the air conditioner.
- the pressure loss condition changes with time due to clogging of the filter attached to the discharge port or suction port of the air conditioner.
- the static pressure required to obtain a predetermined air volume also changes depending on the difference in pressure loss condition and the change with time. For this reason, even if a plurality of air conditioners of the same specification are driven at the same torque or rotational speed, the obtained air volume may vary.
- constant air volume control it has been required to perform control (hereinafter referred to as “constant air volume control”) so that the air volume is maintained at the target air volume even when the pressure loss condition or the static pressure changes.
- Patent Document 1 is known as such a technique for constant air volume control.
- the instruction speed of the motor that drives the blower is calculated from the following equation (1).
- S * is an instruction speed of the motor
- S is a motor speed
- Sa is a target motor speed
- K is a gain.
- the target motor speed Sa is calculated from the following equation (2).
- T is the motor torque
- Q * is the target air volume
- i And j are finite values.
- Expression (2) is an expression of the relationship that when the motor torque is T, the motor speed necessary for the air volume to reach the target air volume Q * is Sa.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining constant air volume control by the motor control device according to the prior art.
- a curve 601 indicates a torque-speed characteristic where the air volume becomes the target air volume Q * (hereinafter referred to as “constant air volume curve”).
- a curve 602 indicates a torque-speed characteristic of the motor that is specific to the pressure loss condition to which the motor is attached (hereinafter referred to as a “pressure loss curve”).
- the target motor speed Sa calculated by the equation (2) is the motor speed Sa1 at the point B1 on the constant air volume curve 601 that obtains the same motor torque T1 as the current operating point A1.
- a new command speed S * is calculated by the equations (2) and (1) also at the operating point of the movement destination.
- the operating point moves to A2 and A3 in FIG. 6, and finally the operating point at which the difference between the motor speed S and the target motor speed Sa becomes zero, that is, the pressure loss curve 602 and the constant air volume curve 601. It will settle down at the intersection E.
- the motor control device described in Patent Document 1 calculates a necessary correction value for the motor speed by using the motor torque and the target air volume as described above, and outputs an instruction speed based on the correction value. This makes constant air flow control independent of changes in static pressure.
- the change process through which the motor speed converges depends on the value of the gain K in Expression (1).
- the value of the gain K is small, since the change in the instruction speed S * is small with respect to the calculation cycle, it takes time to reach convergence.
- the value of the gain K is large, the calculated change in the indicated speed S * becomes large, and the convergence point E in FIG. 6 is performed or returned, so that the speed does not converge stably.
- an experiment is performed while changing the value of the gain K to obtain an optimum value.
- the optimum value of gain K varies depending on the pressure loss condition of the air conditioning system. Even if the gain K that allows stable control is used under certain pressure loss conditions, the operating point may not converge stably due to excessive gain under pressure loss conditions that have changed due to clogging of the filter or opening / closing of the vent cap. . For this reason, it is desired that the gain K be set to a sufficiently small value so that the blower can operate stably even in an operation region where the pressure loss condition to be used is likely to become unstable.
- This invention solves the said conventional subject, and it aims at providing the motor control apparatus which makes the air volume of an air blower follow a target air volume at high speed, and converges it stably.
- a motor control device for achieving the above object is a motor control device that controls a motor that drives a blower, obtains a motor speed and a motor torque of the motor, and An air volume calculation unit that calculates the air volume of the blower based on the motor speed and motor torque of the motor, and the result of multiplying the motor torque by the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume, or the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume And a torque command generation unit that generates a result of multiplying the previously output torque command as a torque command.
- another aspect of the motor control method of the present invention is a motor control method for controlling a motor that drives a blower, wherein the motor speed and motor torque of the motor are acquired, and the acquired motor Calculating the air volume of the blower based on the speed and the motor torque, and multiplying the motor torque by the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume, or the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume. Generating a torque command using a result obtained by multiplying the previously output torque command.
- the motor control device and the motor control method of the present invention by controlling the motor in accordance with a torque command equal to the motor torque that achieves the target air volume, the air volume is made to follow the target air volume at high speed and converges stably. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a motor control system including a motor control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing example of the torque command generation unit 115 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing example of the correction steps in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining torque-air volume characteristics in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the torque-air volume characteristics when the pressure loss condition changes in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining constant air volume control by a conventional motor control device.
- the inventors of the present application generally use a fan as a law derived from the similarity of flows in fluid mechanics in order to cause the air volume to follow the target air volume at high speed and to converge stably.
- a blower such as a blower or the like
- these laws hold also in general fluid machines other than an air blower.
- the two laws derived from the above flow similarity can be regarded as a law in which the air volume is proportional to the motor speed and a law in which the motor torque is proportional to the square of the motor speed. Then, according to these non-existence laws, the relationship that the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume is equal to the ratio of the motor torque that realizes the air volume value of the target air volume to the motor torque is established.
- the torque command and the motor torque are substantially equal except in a steep transient state. Therefore, the result of multiplying the torque command output last time by the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume (air volume) The product of the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the torque command output last time) may be used as the torque command.
- a motor control device that controls a motor that drives a blower, obtains a motor speed and a motor torque of the motor, and obtains a motor speed and a motor.
- An air volume calculation unit that calculates the air volume of the blower based on the torque, and a torque command obtained by multiplying the motor torque by the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume or the square of the ratio of the target air volume to the air volume last time
- a torque command generation unit that generates a result of multiplication as a torque command.
- the torque command generator can generate a torque command equal to the motor torque that achieves the target air volume.
- a second invention further includes a torque control unit that generates a signal for controlling a drive voltage to the motor so as to make the motor torque coincide with the torque command in the first invention. It is a motor control device.
- the first aspect includes storage means for storing the minimum torque and the maximum torque, and the torque command generator generates the torque command using the minimum torque and the maximum torque. It is a motor control device that limits the range.
- the torque command generation unit is configured such that the difference between the torque command and the motor torque is outside the first predetermined range.
- the motor control device corrects the torque command so that a difference between the torque command and the motor torque falls within the first predetermined range.
- the torque command generation unit obtains a difference between the case where the difference between the torque command and the motor torque is within a second predetermined range.
- the torque command having the same value as the previously outputted torque command is output.
- the motor control device obtains a difference between the case where the difference between the torque command and the motor torque is within a second predetermined range.
- the motor speed is a first detection signal indicating the motor speed from a first detection unit that detects the motor speed. It is a motor control apparatus acquired by.
- the motor torque is the motor torque or the current flowing through the motor from the second detection unit that detects the motor torque or the current flowing through the motor. It is a motor control apparatus acquired by inputting.
- the motor speed and motor torque of the motor are acquired, and the acquired motor speed and motor torque are obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a motor control system including a motor control device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the motor control system in FIG. 1 includes an air conditioner 101, an air supply path 102 through which air supplied by the air conditioner 101 passes, an AC power supply 103, a blower 104, a motor 105 that drives the blower 104, and an AC power supply 103.
- a converter 106 that converts the AC power into DC power
- an inverter 107 that converts the DC power into AC power and supplies it to the motor 105
- a position detector 108 that detects the position of the rotor (not shown) of the motor 105.
- a current detector 109 for detecting the current of the motor 105
- a motor control device 110 for controlling the air volume of the air conditioner 101 to the target air volume Q * .
- the air conditioner 101 supplies the speed detector 111 that detects the motor speed ⁇ from the output signal of the position detector 108, the torque detector 112 that detects the motor torque T from the output signal of the current detector 109, and the blower 104.
- the air volume calculation unit 113 for calculating the flow rate Q, based on the memory 114 for storing the external input target airflow Q *, the target airflow Q * and air quantity calculator 113 is read from the air volume Q and the memory 114 calculated torque
- a torque command generation unit 115 generates a command T *
- a torque control unit 116 for outputting a driving control signal to the inverter for follow the motor torque T to the torque command T *, and a switch 117.
- the speed detection unit 111 may detect the motor speed ⁇ using other known means (for example, a tachometer, a speed sensor, etc.).
- the torque detector 112 may detect the motor torque T using other known means (for example, a torque meter).
- the blower 104 supplies air to a desired place through the blower path 102.
- the blower 104 is a multiblade fan in the present embodiment.
- the structure and format of the blower 104 are not particularly limited, and may not be a multi-blade fan.
- the motor 105 rotates in a state of being coupled with the blower 104 to drive the blower 104.
- the motor 105 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor in the present embodiment.
- the structure and type of the motor 105 are not particularly limited, and other motors such as an induction motor or an electromagnetic synchronous motor may be used.
- Converter 106 rectifies and smoothes the AC voltage of AC power supply 103 and converts it to a predetermined DC voltage.
- Inverter 107 performs semiconductor switching in accordance with a drive control signal input from motor control device 110, converts the DC voltage from converter 106 into AC, and supplies the motor 105 as a drive voltage.
- the switch configuration and switching method inside the inverter 107 are not particularly limited as long as they are suitable for the purpose of driving the motor 105.
- the position detector 108 is attached to the motor 105 and outputs a signal corresponding to the position of a rotor (not shown) of the motor 105. Note that the position detector 108 is not necessary when the position and speed of the rotor can be detected by estimation.
- the current detector 109 directly detects the phase current of the motor and outputs a signal corresponding to the phase current value.
- the current may be detected at any portion as long as the motor torque can be estimated from the detected current.
- the current may be detected by being inserted into a DC line from the converter 106 to the inverter 107.
- the speed detector 111 calculates the motor speed ⁇ based on the output signal from the position detector 108. However, when the motor 105 is driven by sensorless control in which the position and speed of the rotor are detected by estimation, the motor speed ⁇ is set using the motor current and the motor driving voltage instead of using the output signal of the position detector 108. It is good also as a structure to calculate.
- Torque detector 112 calculates motor torque T based on the output signal of current detector 109.
- the motor torque T may be a physical quantity including torque information of the motor 105, for example, a vector component that contributes to a motor current or a torque in the motor current.
- the vector component contributing to the torque may be, for example, a q-axis current when the motor current is dq converted.
- the speed detection unit 111 and the torque detection unit 112 do not need to be inside the motor control device 110 as shown in FIG. 1 and may be arranged outside. However, when arranged outside, the calculated motor speed ⁇ or motor torque T is input to the motor control device 110.
- the air volume calculation unit 113 calculates the air volume Q supplied from the blower 104 based on the motor speed ⁇ input from the speed detection unit 111 and the motor torque T input from the torque detection unit 112.
- the calculation means is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, the air volume Q is calculated by the following equation (3).
- ⁇ is a motor speed
- T is a motor torque
- i is an integer of 0 or more and a finite value
- the above expression (3) represents the relationship that the air volume becomes Q with respect to an arbitrary motor speed ⁇ and an arbitrary motor torque T.
- the coefficients ⁇ n and ⁇ that characterize this relationship have specific values for the shape and dimensions of the blower.
- the coefficients ⁇ n and ⁇ are referred to as blower coefficients.
- the values of the blower coefficients ⁇ n and ⁇ are obtained by carrying out a measurement experiment in advance prior to the operation with the constant air volume control.
- i is a finite value representing the degree of the regression formula by an integer of 0 or more
- blowers such as fans and blowers
- a law in which the air volume is proportional to the rotational speed and a law in which the shaft torque is proportional to the square of the rotational speed are derived.
- This law is also valid in general fluid machines other than the blower.
- the rotational speed of the blower and the motor are coupled without being shaken or displaced, the rotational speed of the blower is equal to the motor speed, and the shaft torque of the blower can be regarded as equal to the motor torque.
- Q is the air flow
- omega is the motor speed
- T is the motor torque
- i is the same finite value as the degree of the equation (4) in zero or more integer
- ⁇ S are specific motor speeds for obtaining the equation (4).
- equation (3) is derived.
- the blower coefficient ⁇ n is immediately calculated from K n and ⁇ S. , ⁇ can be determined.
- the memory 114 is a storage unit including a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
- the ROM stores a target air volume Q * in advance, and the torque command generator 115 reads the target air volume Q * from the ROM and uses it for the calculation when performing the calculation described later.
- the target air volume Q * is not necessarily stored in the ROM in advance.
- the target air volume Q * may be appropriately transmitted to the motor control device 110 by communication input from the outside of the motor control device 110.
- the received target air volume Q * is stored in a RAM or the like in the memory 114, and is updated whenever a new target air volume Q * is sent.
- the value of the target air volume Q * input by communication from the outside is determined based on the air conditioning environment to which the motor 105 is attached.
- the target air volume Q * is determined by how much air volume needs to be sent to the standard room among indoor air-conditioned rooms, and how much air volume is efficient for the air conditioning equipment. Is done.
- the target air volume Q * may be corrected depending on the climate of the area where the air conditioning equipment is installed. For example, in a warm and humid area, the target air volume Q * may be set higher.
- the target air volume Q * can be set before installing the motor when the air conditioning environment is known in advance. Of course, it is also possible to set by looking at the air-conditioning environment at the time of installation.
- the torque command generator 115 generates a torque command T * for instructing the torque of the motor 105 based on the air volume Q calculated by the air volume calculator 113 and the target air volume Q * read from the memory 114.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a processing example of the torque command generation unit 115.
- the generation of the torque command T * is performed in two stages, that is, the first calculation step S201 and the subsequent correction steps (steps S301 to S303).
- the torque command T * is calculated using the following equation (8).
- Q * is the target air volume
- Q is the air volume
- T is the motor torque
- Equation (8) is derived as follows based on flow similarity.
- Equation (9) is derived by eliminating ( ⁇ / ⁇ S ) from the above equations (5) and (6) derived from the flow similarity.
- This equation (9) represents the relationship that when the airflow of the blower changes from Q S to Q, the motor torque changes from T S to T at a ratio of the square of the air flow change rate (Q / Q S ). .
- the deformation is performed by replacing T S with the torque command T * and Q S with the target air flow rate Q * , the above equation (8) is obtained.
- action and effect by using Formula (8) are described.
- the value of the torque command T * calculated by the equation (8) is a motor torque that achieves the target air volume Q * . That is, by controlling the torque of the motor with the torque command T * calculated by Expression (8), the air volume Q becomes equal to the target air volume Q * . For this reason, the target air volume Q * can be quickly obtained by controlling the torque using the equation (8).
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing example of the correction steps in FIG. 2 of the present embodiment.
- step S301 it is determined whether or not the torque command T * calculated in step S201 is within a range between a predetermined minimum torque and a predetermined maximum torque. If the torque command T * is within the range, the torque command T * is not corrected. If less than the predetermined minimum torque modifies the torque command T * to a predetermined minimum torque, if it exceeds the predetermined maximum torque correcting the torque command T * to a predetermined maximum torque.
- the torque command T * may be a high value in order to obtain the air volume value of the target air volume Q * .
- the operation may become unstable and the motor current may become excessive in an attempt to realize an operation exceeding the capability of the motor 105. If the motor current becomes excessive and exceeds the rated current value, the motor 105 may break down due to heat generation of the motor winding, or the efficiency may be significantly reduced.
- the air conditioner 101 including the blower 104 and the motor 105 can be configured so that the motor 105 tries to generate further torque even if a foreign matter is caught in the blower 104 and the motor 105 is overloaded. There is a risk of failure. Therefore, by providing a predetermined maximum torque that is the upper limit in the torque command T * , it is possible to prevent control instability and failure of the air conditioner.
- a torque deviation ⁇ T which is a difference between the torque command T * and the motor torque T detected by the torque detector 112, is calculated by the following equation (10).
- the torque command T * is not corrected and the torque command T * is transferred to step S303.
- the torque command T * is corrected so that the torque deviation ⁇ T falls within the second predetermined range.
- a predetermined absolute value L is provided, the motor torque T added with L (T + L) is the upper limit value, and the motor torque T is subtracted L (TL) is the lower limit value.
- the torque command T * when the command T * exceeds the upper limit value (T + L) is corrected to the upper limit value (T + L), if the torque command T * is the lower limit value (T-L) is smaller than the torque command T * Correct to the lower limit (TL).
- step S302 The effect of step S302 will be described. If the motor torque T is abruptly changed, the actual air volume and the air volume Q calculated by the air volume calculator 113 are greatly deviated due to a transient change in the motor torque T and the pressure in the air flow path 2. May not be stably controlled. Therefore, by providing the first predetermined range as described above to prevent a sudden change in the motor torque T, it is possible to prevent instability of the control due to the deviation of the air volume Q.
- the torque command T * is output as it is, and if it is within the second predetermined range, the change in the motor torque T is slight.
- the torque command T * is corrected to the same value as the torque command T * prev output last time by the torque command generator 115. Then, the corrected torque command T prev * is output to the torque control unit 115.
- step S303 If step S303 is not performed and the torque command T * is changed even by a slight change in the motor torque T, the torque command T * vibrates in an attempt to follow the change in the motor torque T and is supplied by the air conditioner 101.
- the air volume does not converge stably as the air volume value of the target air volume Q * is changed or returned forever. Therefore, by providing a torque detection dead band in the second predetermined range, it is possible to prevent the torque command T * from vibrating near the convergence point, and to stably converge the air volume to the target air volume Q * .
- the difference between the motor torque T obtained this time and the motor torque T obtained last time may be used.
- the torque control unit 116 Based on the motor torque T input from the torque detection unit 112 and the torque command T * input from the torque command generation unit 115, the torque control unit 116 causes the motor 107 to follow the torque command T *.
- a drive control signal is output to torque control of the motor 105.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the torque-air volume characteristics in the first embodiment.
- a curve 501 is a torque-air volume characteristic peculiar to the pressure loss condition in the air conditioning system including the air blowing path 102 (hereinafter referred to as “pressure loss curve”).
- the motor 105 can operate on this pressure loss curve.
- the operating point of the motor 105 is at a point D0 on the pressure loss curve 501 in an air conditioning system.
- the target air volume Q * is given by 800 CFM
- the predetermined minimum torque is 0.5 Nm
- the predetermined maximum torque is 5 Nm
- the first predetermined range is an absolute error 1 Nm
- the second predetermined range is an absolute error 0. It is assumed that each is set to 1 Nm.
- the supply air volume of the blower 104 is 400 CFM
- the motor torque T is 1 Nm.
- the motor control device 110 performs constant air volume control as follows.
- the air volume calculation unit 113 calculates the air volume 400 CFM at the current operating point D0.
- the torque command generator 114 generates a torque command T * in the following process.
- the torque command T * fluctuates by the correction step S303 of the torque command generator 115. It is avoided and the operating point is stabilized.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the torque-air volume characteristic when the pressure loss condition is changed in the present embodiment.
- the supply air volume of the blower 104 at the point D4 is 900 CFM, which has an error of 100 CFM with respect to the target air volume 800 CFM.
- the calculation step S201 of the torque command generation unit 114 calculates torque command T * by substituting 4Nm for T, 800CFM for Q *, and 900CFM for Q.
- Calculated by the torque command T * is approximately 3.16Nm. Since the torque deviation ⁇ T at this time is about ⁇ 0.84 Nm, the torque deviation ⁇ T is within the first predetermined range (absolute error 1 Nm or less) and out of the second predetermined range (absolute error 0.1 Nm or more). Therefore, the torque command T * is output to the torque control unit 116 as it is without being corrected.
- the torque control the operating point quickly moves to the point D5 where the target air volume 800 CFM is achieved, and the constant air volume control is achieved.
- the motor control device 110 includes the air volume calculation unit 113 that calculates the air volume Q of the blower 104 based on the motor speed ⁇ and the motor torque T, and the ratio of the target air volume Q * to the air volume Q.
- the torque command generation unit 114 generates a torque command T * as a result of multiplying the square of the motor torque T by a square.
- the air volume Q of the blower can follow the target air volume Q * at high speed and can be converged stably.
- the air volume Q is calculated by the equation (3), but other calculation equations may be used.
- the following formula (11) obtained by measuring the air volume Q, the motor speed ⁇ , and the motor torque T while changing the pressure loss condition of the air conditioning system and regressing the measurement data may be used.
- Q is the air volume
- ⁇ is the motor speed
- T is the motor torque
- i and j are integers of 0 or more and finite values
- the blower coefficients ⁇ n and ⁇ can be calculated by performing a measurement experiment in which the motor is driven at one motor speed prior to the operation by the constant air volume control.
- the constant K nm cannot be determined unless the air volume Q, the motor speed ⁇ , and the motor torque T are measured while changing the motor speed. For this reason, more experiment man-hours are needed than the case where Formula (3) is used.
- the air volume Q can also be calculated by this equation (11).
- the torque command T * and the motor torque T are substantially equal except in a steep transient state.
- the following formula (12) may be used instead of the formula (8) in the first embodiment as a calculation formula for the torque command T * .
- T * is a torque command
- T prev * is a torque command previously output by the torque command generator 115
- Q * is a target air volume
- Q is an air volume
- the motor control device of the present invention is most suitable for a system that controls the air volume to a predetermined air volume value, and is useful as an air-conditioning equipment for general households, commercial buildings, commercial buildings, vehicles, and the like.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本件出願に係る発明者等は、風量を目標風量に向けて高速に追従させ、且つ安定に収束させるために、流体力学における流れの相似性(Similarity of flows)から導出される法則として、一般にファンやブロア等の送風機において一定の圧損条件のもとでは風量は回転速度に比例する法則と、軸トルクが回転速度の2乗に比例する法則とに着眼した。なお、これらの法則は、送風機以外の一般の流体機械においても成立する。ここで、送風機とモータとの軸が振れたり又は該軸がずれたりせずに結合されているならば、送風機の回転速度はモータ速度に等しく、送風機の軸トルクはモータトルクに等しいとみなせる。したがって、以上の流れの相似性から導出される2つの法則は、風量はモータ速度に比例する法則と、モータトルクはモータ速度の2乗に比例する法則とみなすことができる。そして、これらのみなし法則によって、風量に対する目標風量の比率の2乗はモータトルクに対する目標風量の風量値を実現するモータトルクの比率に等しいという関係が成り立つので、風量に対する目標風量の比率の2乗をモータトルクに乗算した結果(風量に対する目標風量の比率の2乗とモータトルクとの積)をトルク指令とすることした。これにより、圧損条件の変化により目標風量が大きく変化しても、トルク指令が速やかに新たな目標風量を実現するモータトルクの値に変化するので、風量を目標風量に向けて高速に追従させることが可能となる。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係るモータ制御装置を具備したモータ制御システムの構成例を示すブロック図である。図1のモータ制御システムは、空調装置101と、空調装置101により供給される空気が通る送風経路102と、交流電源103と、送風機104と、送風機104を駆動するモータ105と、交流電源103からの交流電力を直流電力に変換するコンバータ106と、直流電力を交流電力に変換してモータ105に供給するインバータ107と、モータ105の回転子(図示せず)の位置を検出する位置検出器108と、モータ105の電流を検出する電流検出器109と、および空調装置101の風量を目標風量Q*に制御するモータ制御装置110とを含む。
次に、本発明の実施の形態1の代替構成について説明する。
102 送風経路
103 交流電源
104 送風機
105 モータ
106 コンバータ
107 インバータ
108 位置検出器
109 電流検出器
110 モータ制御装置
111 速度検出器
112 トルク検出器
113 風量計算部
114 メモリ
115 トルク指令生成部
116 トルク制御部
117 スイッチ
501、502、602 圧損曲線
601 風量一定曲線
Claims (8)
- 送風機を駆動するモータを制御するモータ制御装置であって、
前記モータのモータ速度およびモータトルクを取得し、
前記モータ速度および前記モータトルクに基づいて前記送風機の風量を計算する風量計算部と、
前記風量に対する目標風量の比率の2乗を前記モータトルクに乗算した結果、又は前記風量に対する前記目標風量の比率の2乗を前回出力したトルク指令に乗算した結果を利用してトルク指令を生成するトルク指令生成部と、
を備えたモータ制御装置。 - 前記トルク指令に前記モータトルクを一致させるように前記モータへの駆動電圧を制御する信号を生成するトルク制御部を更に有する、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 最小トルクおよび最大トルクを記憶する記憶手段を備え、前記トルク指令生成部は、前記トルク指令を前記最小トルクと前記最大トルクの範囲内に制限する、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 前記トルク指令生成部は、前記トルク指令と前記モータトルクとの差が第1の所定の範囲外である場合には、前記トルク指令と前記モータトルクとの差が前記第1の所定の範囲内に収まるように前記トルク指令を修正する、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 前記トルク指令生成部は、前記トルク指令と前記モータトルクとの差が第2の所定の範囲内である場合と、今回得られたモータトルクと前回得られたモータトルクとの差が前記第2の所定の範囲内である場合との少なくともいずれかの場合に、前回出力したトルク指令と同じ値の前記トルク指令を出力する、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 前記モータ速度は、前記モータ速度を検出する第1の検出部から当該モータ速度を示す第1の検出信号が入力されることにより取得される、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 前記モータトルクは、前記モータトルクまたは前記モータに流れる電流を検出する第2の検出部から当該モータトルクまたは当該モータに流れる電流が入力されることにより取得される、請求項1記載のモータ制御装置。
- 送風機を駆動するモータを制御するモータ制御方法であって、
前記モータのモータ速度およびモータトルクを取得することと、
取得した前記モータ速度および前記モータトルクに基づいて前記送風機の風量を計算することと、
前記風量に対する目標風量の比率の2乗を前記モータトルクに乗算した結果、又は前記風量に対する前記目標風量の比率の2乗を前回出力したトルク指令に乗算した結果を利用してトルク指令を生成することと、
を含むモータ制御方法。
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CN201380041250.3A CN104521135B (zh) | 2012-09-13 | 2013-04-26 | 电动机控制装置和电动机控制方法 |
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US10218296B1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-02-26 | Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc | Rotor position sensing system for three phase motors and related methods |
US10425029B1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-09-24 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Motor controller for electric blower motors |
US11168916B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2021-11-09 | Broan-Nutone Llc | Ventilation system with automatic flow balancing derived from a neural network and methods of use |
US11466889B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2022-10-11 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Motor controller for electric blowers |
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