WO2014041037A2 - Dispositif convertisseur d'énergie et procédé pour fournir une puissance de régulation - Google Patents

Dispositif convertisseur d'énergie et procédé pour fournir une puissance de régulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014041037A2
WO2014041037A2 PCT/EP2013/068847 EP2013068847W WO2014041037A2 WO 2014041037 A2 WO2014041037 A2 WO 2014041037A2 EP 2013068847 W EP2013068847 W EP 2013068847W WO 2014041037 A2 WO2014041037 A2 WO 2014041037A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
gas
heat
control
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/068847
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Assmann
Stefan SEIPL
Matthias Schmuderer
Original Assignee
Enerstorage Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enerstorage Gmbh filed Critical Enerstorage Gmbh
Publication of WO2014041037A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014041037A2/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion device and a corresponding method for providing control power.
  • DE 10 2008 064 329 A1 discloses an arrangement for the extended provision of control and EEG equalization power for ensuring system security in electrical energy composite systems. It is provided that within a control zone in local hot water or remote networks electrical steam or hot water generators are arranged to provide negative control power and are connected to the control area corresponding electric energy system.
  • WO 01/80395 A2 discloses a method for generating energy in which at least two decentralized energy generators are connected to a power grid and feed energy into the power grid, wherein a value for the current power of at least one energy generator is detected and with a target power is compared. According to the result, the power of the power generators connected to the power grid is adjusted.
  • CHP combined heat and power
  • CHP plants Small to medium-sized CHP plants are referred to as combined heat and power plants (CHP). These work mostly by means of internal combustion engines or gas turbines. It is also possible to use steam turbines or gas and steam turbines for the operation of CHP plants. Combined heat and power plants are usually used to heat a specific object in the vicinity, the larger heating plants are used for district heating district or to generate process heat in the industry. As a result of the planned energy transition, electricity generation is increasingly being used in CHP plants.
  • CHP combined heat and power plants
  • renewable energy systems can hardly be used to stabilize electricity networks, as they operate on the basis of photovoltaic and wind power operations in accordance with the availability of wind or solar energy and therefore can not develop their power flexibly and thus hardly can provide assured performance.
  • the use of renewable energies or of renewable energy sources, such as wind power or solar energy, makes it necessary to provide more regular power than conventional thermal power generation.
  • compressed air storage gas turbine power plants which can also provide negative control power compared to thermal power plants.
  • the capacity of compressed air gas turbine power plants can not in the near future be adapted to the much faster developing capacities of wind turbines.
  • it is known when using wind power the need for control power of grid stabilization, frequency maintenance and EEG profile structuring by electrical connection with a less sensitive reacting system, in particular a hot water and district heating system to provide.
  • a less sensitive reacting system in particular a hot water and district heating system to provide.
  • more and more biogas plants are being built which provide larger quantities of biogas.
  • the biogas produced here regularly exceeds the self-consumption of the operator and has hitherto been used in so-called combined heat and power plants (CHP) for the combined generation of heat and electricity.
  • CHP combined heat and power plants
  • the biogas produced in biogas plants can also be fed into existing gas networks, such as a nationwide natural gas network.
  • existing gas networks such as a nationwide natural gas network.
  • the biogas produced by a biogas plant in high-pressure power lines, the so-called transport lines, such natural gas networks was fed.
  • the disadvantage here is that the biogas plants would have to be built as close as possible to an already existing high-pressure network and not in rural areas, especially in the vicinity of farms where biomass accumulated, can be built. This is because the local local gas distribution networks are constructed as so-called medium and low pressure distribution networks and usually subject to strong fluctuations in the gas purchase quantity.
  • the consumers connected to a local distribution network are only a few hundred and there can be large fluctuations in the gas consumption, especially on warm summer days, when almost no gas is taken or consumed from the local distribution network.
  • a very cost-intensive return feed from the distribution network into the transport network is possible.
  • gas such as.
  • biogas in such local distribution networks, however, there is the so-called minimum flow rate criterion, according to which the volume flow of gas in the relevant distribution network must be greater than the amount of gas fed.
  • This minimum flow rate criterion can not be met in the abovementioned local distribution grids, which are usually located closer to the production facilities of biogas. Since this criterion is not met in times with few customers, it is not possible to feed biogas from biogas plants into such local distribution grids.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device which can provide control power and which can supply at least one heat or current collector as needed.
  • an energy conversion device for providing control power, with which energy sources electricity and gas are converted into final energy, electricity and heat.
  • the energy conversion device comprises a Stromcream adopted for heating a heat carrier, a Kraft desprekop- device, with which gas into electricity and heat can be converted, with the heat, a heat transfer medium is heated, and / or a gas heater for heating the heat carrier.
  • a control device is provided.
  • the control device controls the supply of the energy carriers to the power heating device, the power heat coupling device and / or the gas heating device such that the intensity of the operation of the power heating device, the Kraftmérpaekopplungs worn and / or gas heater is automatically controlled to provide the desired amount of heat and / or electricity ,
  • the control device is designed in such a way that the desired amount of heat and / or electricity can be provided with different ratios of the energy carriers so that the consumption of the corresponding energy carrier can be increased or reduced as required for control power.
  • control power in the context of the present invention is understood to mean a primary, secondary and tertiary control power, the secondary and tertiary control power being understood Tertiary control power also referred to a balancing energy and the tertiary control power also called a minute reserve power.
  • heat includes the heat in hot water, steam and organic liquids with a low evaporation temperature.
  • At least one heat or pantograph or consumers can be supplied as needed or according to the desired performance with heat and or electricity.
  • the desired performance is the power that a consumer needs at a certain time.
  • control power can be provided decentrally.
  • a timely control or real-time control according to the acute need for control power is possible. This makes it possible, if necessary, to react without delay and to provide positive or negative control power.
  • control power is continuously available.
  • the device according to the invention can provide positive and / or negative control power in the regulation of the grid frequency of a power supply network.
  • the mains frequency is a must for the supply state.
  • a high line frequency means that more electrical power is available than is necessary and a low line frequency means that the demand for electrical power is greater than the available power.
  • the device according to the invention can provide positive and / or negative regulation performance in regulating the pressure of a gas supply network.
  • the control device is designed such that the desired amount of heat and / or electricity can be provided with different ratios of the energy carriers, so that at least the consumption of an energy carrier can be increased or reduced if necessary.
  • the energy conversion device according to the invention can be operated in a flow or heat-controlled manner as required.
  • the energy conversion device With the energy conversion device according to the invention, a spontaneous automated adjustment of the supplied energy sources to the respective supply state is possible, whereby the gas and / or electricity consumption can be correspondingly increased or reduced automatically, without the consumer adjusting to the supply of electricity and heat ,
  • positive or negative control power can be provided to the corresponding utility grid.
  • the energy carriers electricity and gas are supplied in a certain ratio in order to provide the desired thermal and / or electrical power to the consumer. It is thus supplied power in the form of electricity and gas.
  • available control power means the amount of power and / or gas that can be provided per time by changing the ratio of the supplied energy sources, ie the power that is used as a difference to the original ratio of the energy carriers from the corresponding supply network for operating the energy conversion device
  • a power supply network or a gas supply network can be kept in predetermined frequency ranges or pressure ranges is needed acutely, especially when a high excess of electricity and / or gas or a high consumption of electricity and / or gas occurs.
  • the power conversion device can immediately provide control power. This is especially necessary if the current consumption deviates from a forecast according to which the corresponding network operation planned and provided the service.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is the shift of the zero point in the control. Provision is made to provide heat in the regulated zero point via the power heating device and via the power heat coupling device. Instead of the CHP device or in addition to the CHP device and the gas heater can be used.
  • Zero point in the sense of the present invention is the point of regulation in which no control power is provided and the ratio of the energy sources of electricity and gas is adjusted alone according to the needs of each consumer of electricity or heat. The zero point can also be called normal operation. Normally, in a cogeneration unit as much energy as possible is converted with the cogeneration unit and not with an electric heater, as the cogeneration unit is basically more efficient.
  • Such an operation can be advantageously used in particular in an energy system with a high proportion of renewable energies.
  • the combination Stromlik issued, CHP device and / or gas heater and control device can be switched or arbitrarily varied between the two extreme conditions, the sole provision of electricity and heat for the consumer by means of electricity or by gas.
  • the consumer is preferably a household with a demand of less than 200 kW, an industrial customer with a consumption of 200 kW to 20 MW or also a district heating network with a consumption of more than 20 MW or a storage facility.
  • households or industrial customers can be supplied with electricity and heat, which have a certain demand for electricity and heat, which can also vary over time.
  • the combination CHP device, gas heater and control device makes sense especially in the current-controlled operation, in which the CHP device is operated such that the desired amount of electricity is provided, possibly missing heat is generated with the gas heater.
  • the control device may have a pressure measuring device for the automatic activation between the operation of the power heat coupling device and the power heater and / or the gas heater to measure the pressure in a gas supply network and / or have a frequency measuring device to measure the network frequency in a power supply network, these measured data serve as controlled variables for the automatic control of the energy conversion device by the control device.
  • the energy conversion device can also be connected directly to an EE installation for the provision of electricity (photovoltaic system, wind power plant, etc.) and / or EE installation for the provision of gas (biogas plant).
  • directly connected means that the RE systems are not connected to a supply network but only directly, for example via a corresponding feed line section, to the energy conversion device.
  • the energy conversion device may include a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure in a gas accumulator or in a gas supply line section and / or a frequency measuring device for measuring the frequency in a power supply line. These measurement data can then serve as control variables for the automatic regulation of the energy conversion device by the control device.
  • control device can be designed for timed activation between the operation of the power heating device, the power heat coupling device and / or the gas heater.
  • the control device can also have a data interface for receiving control information, which serves for the automatic activation between the operation of the power heating device and the power heat coupling device and / or gas heating device.
  • the data interface can be designed to receive measurement data, in particular from the pressure in a gas supply network and / or from the network frequency in a power supply network, these measurement data serving as control variables for the control device.
  • Such a device can thus be provided with a frequency measuring device and / or a pressure measuring device which independently measures the current frequency in the power supply network and / or the pressure in the gas supply network.
  • the interface can be designed as a data interface. Measuring data, such as the gas pressure and / or the mains frequency, can be supplied by the supply network via this data interface, so that the local control device automatically controls the supply of the energy carriers. Alternatively, instead of measurement data, control data can be transmitted which specify the respective consumption or operation of the energy conversion device, by how much gas or how much current to increase or decrease consumption. The data transmission can take place over a WAN, as for example the InterNet. Weather data, in particular wind forces, outside temperatures, solar irradiation and weather forecast data can also be transmitted via this interface as an alternative or in addition to the measured data or control data.
  • Measuring data such as the gas pressure and / or the mains frequency
  • control data can be transmitted which specify the respective consumption or operation of the energy conversion device, by how much gas or how much current to increase or decrease consumption.
  • the data transmission can take place over a WAN, as for example the InterNet.
  • Weather data in particular wind forces, outside temperatures, solar irradiation and weather
  • the interface can be connected to a power supply network or to a gas supply network or to both. This means that the interface is designed such that it can be connected to at least one control room of a power grid or a gas network or both.
  • the present invention provides a power grid system for supplying power and / or heat to end users.
  • This power supply network system comprises a master control device which is connected to at least one energy converter device in such a way that the master control device can, if necessary, increase or decrease the consumption of a corresponding energy source, electricity or gas at the energy converter device, in order to provide positive or negative control power.
  • a plurality of inventive energy conversion device can be interconnected. The interconnection of several systems is referred to below as pooling. Pooling can provide more control capacity.
  • These several interconnected energy converter devices are advantageously controlled by a central control device, wherein the local control devices only perform the control based on the output from the central control device control commands.
  • the latter is connected via a heat cycle or a steam cycle to a heat removal device or a vapor extraction device in order to dissipate and / or store the heat and / or the steam provided by the energy conversion device.
  • the vapor extraction device may be a steam turbine that can generate electricity from the provided steam provided by the energy conversion device.
  • the supplied steam can also be stored in a corresponding steam storage before it is fed to the steam turbine.
  • the acceptance device may also be an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC).
  • ORC is a method of operating steam turbines with a working fluid other than water vapor. As a working medium, organic liquids are used with a low evaporation temperature.
  • the energy conversion device may comprise a single boiler, which is provided with both an electric heater and with a gas heater. This saves space and costs while still allowing extremely flexible control.
  • the energy conversion device according to the invention among other things, the following advantages can be achieved:
  • the control device of the energy conversion device controls the supply of gas and electricity and thus the utilization of power heating device, gas heater and cogeneration device. In this way, a flexible compilation of Energy sources possible. In addition, it can specifically be a type of supply (electricity, gas) and in particular the corresponding supply network relieved or charged. The consumer's demand for thermal energy is covered at all times.
  • the heat demand is covered by the electric boiler and the gas boiler and / or cogeneration device. If the power supply network is overloaded, the electric heating boiler is throttled or switched off and the gas boiler and / or the cogeneration unit take over the heat supply. This leads to a discharge of the power supply network.
  • the system can be used to stabilize the grid frequency.
  • the electric heating boiler, the gas boiler and the cogeneration unit heat a heat carrier, which is usually water.
  • a heat carrier which is usually water.
  • other heat carriers may be used, such as e.g. Oil or organic fluids.
  • the standard frequency is the nominal mains frequency of a power supply network. This is 50 Hz +/- 200 mHz (according to UCTE Operations handbook). In the case of an underfrequency, the power supply network is underserved, the mains frequency drops.
  • the energy conversion device increases the gas and reduces the power consumption.
  • the power generation increases as a result of increased utilization of the cogeneration unit, it is provided positive control energy. This stabilizes the grid frequency. Accordingly, the provision of thermal energy takes place at the network underfrequency via the power heat coupling device.
  • the power supply network In the event of an overfrequency, the power supply network is overloaded and the mains frequency increases. If an overfrequency occurs, for example due to increased power generation by photovoltaic systems or wind turbines, then the energy conversion device reduces the gas and increases the power consumption. The power generation decreases with reduced utilization of the combined heat and power plant and the provision of thermal energy at grid overfrequency via the electric boiler. It is provided negative control power. This stabilizes the grid frequency. Thus, by reducing the current draw, negative control power may be provided to stabilize the grid frequency, for example in the event of a sudden failure of a load.
  • the reference of the load management system In the case of forecast gas network fluctuations, the reference of the load management system is initially brought into a starting position. From the initial position, the gas network can be flexibly regulated
  • a consumer can be supplied with power and heat via the energy conversion device.
  • a normal energy system is understood to mean an energy system in which there is neither an extreme over-nor under-coverage.
  • Rapidly available balancing power is needed in the increasing expansion of electric power generation capacities with renewable energies, in particular wind energy.
  • the grid control When feeding in energy generated from wind power, the grid control must also be able to control such specific extreme cases, such as the consumption of surplus energy generated during periods of strong wind and the abrupt shutdown of wind power generation through safety shutdown of the plants when they reach their performance limits.
  • both rapidly available and quickly disconnectable negative control power can be made available as electricity consumers by utilizing excess electricity generated in heavy wind phases by means of electric steam generators or hot water generators in hot water and district heating systems.
  • a method for providing control power in which energy sources electricity and gas are converted into final energy and heat, and by means of a control device, the supply of energy to a power heater and a cogeneration device and / or a gas heater of an energy conversion device controls such that automatically the intensity of the operation of the power heating device, the power heat coupling device and / or the gas heater is controlled to provide the desired amount of heat and / or electricity, wherein the control device is configured such that with different ratios of the energy carriers the desired amount of heat and / or or electricity is provided, so that if required by control power at least the consumption of an energy source can be increased or decreased.
  • the heat requirement may be about to.
  • the heat requirement can be up to 95% to 5%, or to 90% to 10%, or to 80% to 20%, or to 70% to 30%, or to 60% to 40% and especially to 50% from the electric heater and accordingly to 5% to 95%, or to 10% to 90%, or to 20% to 80%, or to 30% to 70%, or 40% to 60% and in particular to 50% are covered by the gas heater and / or cogeneration device.
  • the control device can actuate automatically between the operation of the power heat coupling device and the power heating device and / or the gas heater, the pressure being measured in a gas supply network for automatic activation and / or the network frequency measured in a power supply network, these measured data being used as control variables for the automatic control Control of the energy conversion device by the controller serve.
  • the control device can also be designed such that the operation of the power heating device and the power heat coupling device and / or the gas heating device is controlled in a time-controlled manner.
  • the controller may include a data interface for receiving control information that automatically switches between operation of the power heater and the cogeneration device and / or gas heater.
  • the data interface may receive measurement data, in particular from the pressure in a gas network supply network and / or from the network frequency in a power supply network, these measurement data serving as control variables for the control device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an energy conversion device according to the invention according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the energy conversion device according to the invention according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the energy conversion device according to the invention according to a third embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the energy conversion device according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the energy conversion device in an exemplary operating point
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of a first and a second control circuit according to the present invention.
  • the energy conversion device 1 comprises an electric heater 2, for example, an electric boiler 2, and a gas heater, e.g. a gas boiler 3.
  • a gas heater e.g. a gas boiler 3.
  • a single ElektroVGaskessel 50 may be provided, which is provided with both an electric heater or an electrode heater and with a gas heater.
  • the energy conversion device 1 has a cogeneration device 4 (CHP device).
  • CHP device cogeneration device 4
  • control device 5 which connects the components of the energy converter device 1 control and control technology together.
  • the control device 5 is connected to a power supply network 7 via a power supply line section 6.
  • the control device 5 has a power frequency measuring device 8 in order to determine the network frequency occurring in the power supply network 7.
  • control device 5 is connected via a Gaszu111 decisively 9 with a gas supply network 10.
  • the control device 5 has a pressure measuring device 1 1 for determining the pressure in the gas supply network 10.
  • the control device 5 is connected via a gas line section 18 both to the gas boiler 3 and to the cogeneration device 4.
  • the boiler 3 is provided with a water supply pipe 19 and a heat exhaust pipe 20.
  • About the water supply 19 and the heat removal 20 of the gas boiler is connected to a heat cycle 21.
  • the heat cycle will be described in detail below.
  • the electric heating boiler 2 is connected to the control device 5 via a power line section 22.
  • the electric heating boiler 2 also has a corresponding water supply line 19 and a heat removal line 20.
  • the electric heating boiler 2 is connected to the heating circuit 21 via the water supply line 19 and the heat removal line 20.
  • a district heating line 23 and / or a heat storage 24 may be connected to the heat cycle 21, which in turn are connected via corresponding lines with at least one consumer 25.
  • the heat provided by the energy conversion device can be stored.
  • both the gas and the power heating device gain in importance, since then an excess of gas (overpressure in the supply network) and electricity (high power frequency in the supply network) can be consumed and the resulting heat energy can be stored.
  • the energy conversion device 1 is connected via a power line section 32 and the power supply line section 6 to a local RE system 30, eg a photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, etc., for providing electricity from regenerative energies. Furthermore, it can be provided according to all embodiments that the energy conversion device 1 via a gas line section 33 and the Gaszu Glasslei- processing section 9 with a local RE system 31, such as a biogas plant and / or a biogas 34, etc., for providing gas from renewable energy is connected.
  • a local RE system 30 eg a photovoltaic system, a wind turbine, etc.
  • the term directly connected means that the RE systems are not connected to a supply network but only directly, for example via a corresponding supply line section, to the energy conversion device.
  • the energy conversion device may include a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure in a gas reservoir or in a gas supply line section and / or a frequency measuring device for measuring the frequency in a power supply line. These measurement data can then serve as control variables for the automatic regulation of the energy conversion device by the control device.
  • a steam turbine 26 is provided, which is connected via a steam circuit 27 corresponding to the electric heater 2, the gas heater 3 and the cogeneration device 4 ( Figure 2).
  • a steam accumulator 28 may be integrated.
  • the steam turbine and the steam cycle may also be formed according to an ORC.
  • the control device 5 of the energy conversion device 1 is connected to a control room flow 12 of a power system operator via an interface 13, for example a data connection (FIG. 3).
  • the Control room power 12 can control the control device 5 directly by means of a remote control 14 via the interface 13.
  • a control gas 15 of a gas network operator is also connected via an interface 16, which is formed for example as a data connection, with the control / regulation device 5.
  • the control device 5 can be controlled directly by the gas network operator.
  • the energy conversion device may be connected to the control room power 12 of a power grid operator and / or the control room gas 15 of a gas grid operator.
  • the energy conversion device 1 a steam turbine 26, with steam circuit 27 and steam accumulator 28 on.
  • the control device may have a pressure measuring device for the automatic activation between the operation of the power heat coupling device and the power heater and / or the gas heater to measure the pressure in a gas supply network and / or have a frequency measuring device to measure the network frequency in a power supply network, these measured data serve as controlled variables for the automatic control of the energy conversion device by the control device.
  • control device can be designed for timed activation between the operation of the power heating device, the power heat coupling device and / or the gas heater.
  • the control device can also have a data interface for receiving control information that is used to automatically control between the operation of the cogeneration device and the power heater and / or gas heater. direction serves.
  • the data interface can be designed to receive measurement data, in particular from the pressure in a gas supply network and / or from the network frequency in a power supply network, these measurement data serving as control variables for the control device.
  • Such a device can thus be provided with a frequency measuring device and / or a pressure measuring device which independently measures the current frequency in the power supply network and / or the pressure in the gas supply network.
  • the interface can be designed as a data interface.
  • measured data such as e.g. the gas pressure and / or the grid frequency are supplied from the mains supply network, so that the local control device automatically controls the supply of energy.
  • control data can be transmitted which specify the respective consumption or operation of the energy conversion device as to how much gas or how much electricity the consumption is to be increased or reduced.
  • the data transmission may be over a WAN, e.g. the internet.
  • the interface can be connected to a power supply network or to a gas supply network or to both. This means that the interface is designed such that it can be connected at least to a control room of a power grid or a gas network or both.
  • the present invention provides a power grid system for supplying end users with power and / or heat.
  • This power grid system includes a master controller coupled to at least one energy converter device such that the master controller may increase or decrease the consumption of a corresponding energy source of power or gas on the energy converter device to provide positive or negative control power as needed
  • a plurality of inventive energy conversion device can be interconnected.
  • the interconnection of several systems is referred to below as pooling. Pooling can provide more control capacity.
  • The- a plurality of interconnected energy converter devices are advantageously controlled by a central control device, wherein the local control devices only perform the control based on the output from the central control device control command.
  • the energy conversion device 1 is designed such that in an existing system of gas boiler 3 and / or cogeneration device 4, an electric boiler 2 with a corresponding control / regulating device 5 is integrated to positive and negative control power in the sense of the present To provide invention.
  • the situation may arise that, for example, due to too low a wind forecast, the power frequency in the network increases, that is, the generation exceeds the demand.
  • a wind turbine or a photovoltaic system produces more electricity as expected, or can be removed from the grid.
  • the force Heat-coupling device of the energy converter device are turned off by the grid operator and the electric boiler are turned on, so that the required heat energy is provided from favorable electricity in the electric boiler. That is, the electric boiler 2, for example, 20 MW of power supplied, which are converted into 20 MW of heat. The additionally required 10 MW of electricity can be taken directly from the power supply network.
  • a significant power surplus in the network is expected (FIG. 7).
  • a power surplus can be caused for example by a storm, so that, for example, wind turbines produce more electricity or even at night, when the power consumption is generally lower.
  • the network operator controls the energy conversion device via a remote control in such a way that the electricity demand of an industrial customer is covered directly from the network and the required heat energy is made available via the electric heating boiler.
  • the gas consumption is reduced and provided due to the lower price of electricity in a cost-effective manner, power and heat.
  • the grid operator can provide the required positive control power, that is to say the electrical energy, by turning on the power-heat coupling device of the energy conversion device via the remote control and switching off the electric heating boiler. That the CHP device 4 are e.g. 30 MW of gas, which are converted into 10 MW of electricity and 20 MW of heat.
  • the situation is that a significant excess of gas in the network is expected (Figure 9).
  • This is the case, for example, when little gas is consumed on a warm summer night in a distribution network with bio natural gas feed-in.
  • the electricity and heat demand of the industrial customer can be completely covered by the cogeneration device of the energy interconnection device in order to obtain as little as possible expensive electricity from the power supply network have to.
  • the gas boiler can be operated with gas from the gas supply network to replenish the heat storage, thus maximizing the gas supply and thus again provide a negative control power in the form of gas consumption.
  • the CHP device 4 for example, 30 MW of gas supplied, which are converted into 10 MW of electricity and 20 MW of heat.
  • the gas boiler 3 20 MW gas can be supplied, which are converted into 20 MW heat and stored in a heat storage.
  • the situation may now arise that the power frequency in the network is increasing, that is, the generation exceeds the demand. For example, this case may occur again due to low wind forecasting.
  • the energy conversion device is controlled via the remote control by the network operator such that the cogeneration device is switched off and the electric heating boiler is turned on to operate by means of the favorable electricity, the electric boiler.
  • the required negative control power is provided in the form of power consumption and replenished the heat storage. That the boilers 3 20 MW gas are supplied, which are converted into 20 MW of heat and stored in a heat storage.
  • the situation may occur that the gas pressure in the network decreases, d. h., the production is smaller than the demand ( Figure 10). This is the case, for example, when gas production from renewable energy sources is surprising (little wind, little sun).
  • the grid operator can control the energy conversion device according to the invention such that the gas boiler is switched off and thus the required positive control power is provided due to the low gas consumption.
  • the energy conversion device is used in an energy system with a high proportion of renewable energies (FIG. 11). It is intended to cover the heat demand of the industrial customers for one half of the combined heat and power plant and the other half of the electric boiler and the power needs for half of the combined heat and power plant and the other half by reference to cover the power grid to ensure maximum flexibility of the energy conversion device. That is, the CHP device 4, for example 15 MW of gas supplied, which are converted into 5 MW of electricity and 10 MW of heat. For example, the electric boiler is supplied with 10 MW of electricity, which is converted into 10 MW of heat. The remaining 5 MW of electricity are provided by the power grid.
  • the CHP device 4 for example 15 MW of gas supplied, which are converted into 5 MW of electricity and 10 MW of heat.
  • the electric boiler is supplied with 10 MW of electricity, which is converted into 10 MW of heat.
  • the remaining 5 MW of electricity are provided by the power grid.
  • This flexibility allows the energy conversion device to stabilize the power frequency in the network since both positive and negative control power can be offered. This is done according to the already explained several times principle that, when the power frequency increases in the network, the cogeneration device is switched off accordingly and switched on the electric boiler so that it completely takes over the provision of heat energy. Should the power frequency in the power grid fall, the combined heat and power device is turned on to provide electrical power and heat, the gas boiler is also turned on to provide thermal energy and, accordingly, the electric boiler is turned off.
  • the energy conversion device 1 is connected to the power supply network 7 and / or to the gas supply network 10. About these compounds the energy converter device 1, the energy sources electricity and / or heat are supplied in a certain ratio. The energy conversion device 1 then outputs the final energy generated from the electricity and / or the gas in the form of heat and / or electricity to the consumer 25.
  • the provision of electrical and / or thermal power to the consumer is regulated via the control device 5.
  • This regulation includes a first control circuit 35.
  • the special feature of these two control circuits is that the manipulated variables of both control circuits are coupled together.
  • the first control loop 35 specifies how much power is to be supplied in total to the energy conversion device 1. Since the manipulated variable of the first control loop comprises two components, namely the current and the gas, the ratio of current and gas can be changed without this affecting the regulation of the first control circuit 35.
  • This degree of freedom in the manipulated variable of the first control loop is used to control the second control loop. For by changing the ratio of the supply of electricity and gas, the network frequency and / or the pressure in a gas network can be positively influenced in terms of the second control loop.
  • Another degree of freedom results in the first control loop when the setpoint alone is the current (current-controlled control) or alone the heat (heat-controlled control). In that case, the other variable on the output side of the energy conversion device 1 is not exactly defined in each case and is variable at least within a certain range. This can increase the degree of freedom in supplying current or gas on the input side of the power conversion device 1.
  • a temporary extension of the degree of freedom of the variation of the manipulated variables can also be effected by the provision of an energy or heat accumulator on the output side of the energy conversion device 1, that is to say the first control circuit 35.
  • the setpoint value corresponds to the actual value of the second control loop in the normal state without the control power having to be provided by the energy converter device 1.
  • the second control loop has no influence on the manipulated variables, that is to say on the power supplied by the power and gas of the energy conversion device 1.
  • This normal operation is referred to above as the zero point of the regulation.
  • This zero point contains a specific ratio of supplied power via power and gas in order to provide a certain amount of heat or power at the output of the energy conversion device 1.
  • the second control circuit can also be designed in duplicate, so that at the same time the gas network and the power grid are regulated. In such an embodiment, it is expedient if one of these two control loops assigns a priority, so that at a simultaneous request for control power to no undefined state.
  • the grid frequency is used as a variable used to describe the supply state of the power grid. This is the common size that is used in practice to detect if there is an over-supply or under-supply condition in the utility grid. Basically, other parameters for determining the condition of supply in a power grid are possible. These can equally be used instead of the mains frequency. In particular, such measured variables can also be mains voltages and phase shifts and measured variables combined therefrom.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif convertisseur d'énergie pour fournir une puissance de régulation avec lequel les ressources énergétiques courant et gaz sont converties en énergie finale courant et chaleur. Le dispositif convertisseur d'énergie comprend un dispositif de chauffage électrique pour chauffer un fluide caloporteur, un dispositif de couplage force-chaleur avec lequel le gaz peut être converti en courant et chaleur, un fluide caloporteur étant chauffé avec la chaleur, et/ou un dispositif de chauffage au gaz pour chauffer le fluide caloporteur. Un dispositif de commande est également prévu. Le dispositif de commande commande l'apport de fluide caloporteur au dispositif de chauffage électrique, au dispositif de couplage force-chaleur et/ou au dispositif de chauffage au gaz de telle manière que l'intensité du fonctionnement du dispositif de chauffage électrique, du dispositif de couplage force-chaleur et/ou du dispositif de chauffage au gaz soit automatiquement commandée pour fournir la quantité de chaleur et/ou de courant souhaitée. Le dispositif de commande est conçu de telle manière que la ressource d'énergie puisse fournir la quantité de chaleur et/ou de courant souhaitée selon des rapports différents afin que, si nécessaire, au moins la consommation d'une ressource d'énergie puisse être augmentée ou réduite.
PCT/EP2013/068847 2012-09-11 2013-09-11 Dispositif convertisseur d'énergie et procédé pour fournir une puissance de régulation WO2014041037A2 (fr)

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DE102014004287A1 (de) * 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Vattenfall Europe Powerconsult Gmbh Verfahren zur Leistungsregelung von Gas- und Dampf-Heizkraftwerken mit Gegendruck-Dampfturbine(n) zur uneingeschränkten Teilnahme an der Primär- und Sekundärregelung bei gleichzeitiger Regelfähigkeit der Wärmelast
DE102014106155B4 (de) * 2014-05-02 2020-08-13 Enerpipe Gmbh Regelheizung
DE102014006386A1 (de) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-05 CUT! Energy GmbH Biogaskraftwerk und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Biogaskraftwerks
DE102015010941A1 (de) 2015-08-18 2017-02-23 Frank Diedrich Netzstabilisierende Stromversorgung
DE102019109756A1 (de) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb einer energietechnischen Anlage

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DE19718033A1 (de) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-12 Germar Dr Beichler Anordnung und Verfahren für Energieversorgungsunternehmen zur kurzfristigen Bereitstellung und Verteilung von elektr. Energie
AU2001262038A1 (en) 2000-04-17 2001-10-30 Umweltkontor Renewable Energy Ag Power generators and method and device for generating power
DE10321651B4 (de) * 2003-05-13 2005-08-04 Klaus Rasche Anlage zur Erzeugung von Regelenergie
DE102007016280A1 (de) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-16 Natcon7 Gmbh Hybridanlage mit einer Biogasanlage
DE102008064329A1 (de) 2008-12-15 2010-06-24 Enso Energie Sachsen Ost Ag Anordnung zur erweiterten Bereitstellung von Regelleistung zur Gewährleistung der Systemsicherheit und zur Nutzung im EEG-Ausgleichsenergieverfahren in Elektroenergieverbundsystemen
DE102009018126B4 (de) * 2009-04-09 2022-02-17 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Energieversorgungssystem und Betriebsverfahren
EP2402902A1 (fr) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-04 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Procédé et dispositif pour la gestion de charge et de production dans un système d'énergie électrique

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