WO2014040791A1 - Élément de batterie doté d'un diaphragme d'éclatement intégré dans la plaque de couverture - Google Patents

Élément de batterie doté d'un diaphragme d'éclatement intégré dans la plaque de couverture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014040791A1
WO2014040791A1 PCT/EP2013/065975 EP2013065975W WO2014040791A1 WO 2014040791 A1 WO2014040791 A1 WO 2014040791A1 EP 2013065975 W EP2013065975 W EP 2013065975W WO 2014040791 A1 WO2014040791 A1 WO 2014040791A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover plate
battery cell
housing
predetermined breaking
region
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/065975
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Gerundt
Andreas Eichendorf
Markus Feigl
Rene Deponte
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2014040791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014040791A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell.
  • the invention further relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery cell.
  • Battery cells sometimes also referred to as accumulator cells, serve for the chemical storage of electrically provided energy. Even today, battery cells are used to power a variety of mobile devices. In the future, battery cells will be used, among other things, to supply energy to mobile devices
  • Electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles both on land and on water, or for stationary intermediate storage of electricity derived from alternative energy sources.
  • a plurality of battery cells is usually assembled into battery packs.
  • battery cells with a prismatic primarily battery cells with a prismatic
  • battery cells in particular lithium-ion battery cells, and furthermore in particular battery cells with a prismatic shape.
  • conventional battery cells usually have a complex structure on, in which the assembly of the entire battery cell a variety of different items is used.
  • Such a variety of parts with different shapes, functions and consisting of different materials requires the use of a variety of manufacturing technologies and equipment.
  • the number of individual components necessary for assembling a battery cell can be reduced and / or an assembly of a battery cell can be simplified.
  • a battery cell in particular a lithium-ion battery cell having at least one winding element, an electrolyte, two current collector and a housing.
  • the winding element consists of a wound stack of a first film coated with anode material, for example copper, a second film coated with cathode material, for example aluminum, and two plastic films serving as diaphragms.
  • One of the current collector is electrically conductively connected, for example welded, to the first foil of the winding element.
  • the second current collector is electrically conductively connected to the second foil of the winding element.
  • the housing has a metallic container and a metallic one
  • the container has an opening through which the Wckelelement and the two current collector can be introduced during the manufacture of the battery cell in the housing.
  • the lid assembly is adapted to complete the opening of the container gas-tight and pressure-tight.
  • the lid assembly inter alia, a cover plate which can largely close the opening in the container and which for hermetically closing the housing with the
  • Container can be connected, for example by a weld.
  • a feedthrough assembly is formed to pass electrically conductive contact assemblies, each in contact with one of the current collectors in the interior of the housing, out of the housing through the cover assembly.
  • the proposed battery cell is characterized by in that the cover plate has a predetermined breaking area of reduced thickness, which is designed to burst at an increased internal pressure in the housing.
  • the winding element with its stack of different metal foils and intervening diaphragms together with this stack wetting electrolyte for chemical storage of energy, the chemically stored energy can be provided by suitable chemical reactions at the electrodes in the form of electrical energy.
  • reaction gases may be released and thus an increase in pressure within the housing of the battery cell.
  • reaction gases may be released and thus an increase in pressure within the housing of the battery cell.
  • Battery housing provided large opening completely closes and is hermetically sealed to the container, should have a predetermined breaking range, which due to a locally reduced material thickness when an increased
  • the cover plate should be made so thin-walled in a partial area, that when an increased
  • the predetermined breaking region is preferably integrally integrated in the cover plate.
  • the cover plate together with the predetermined breaking range forms a single component, so that it is possible to dispense with the provision and mounting of separate components, for example a separate rupture disk.
  • the predetermined breaking area of reduced thickness can be formed by embossing, i. with the help of a pressure deformation of a cover plate forming sheet.
  • a sheet metal forming the cover plate can be stamped in such a way that the predetermined breaking range results.
  • material can be pressedly displaced from the predetermined breaking area to be formed into adjacent areas of the cover plate, so that a thickening area arises in the cover plate around the finished breaking area, whose material thickness is greater than an average thickness of the cover plate outside this predetermined breaking area.
  • an embossing process can be performed in which no material is finally removed from the cover plate but material is only displaced out of an area that will later form the predetermined breaking area, out to adjacent areas.
  • the material thickness is significantly reduced in the predetermined breaking area, for example, less than half the thickness of the cover plate forming sheet, whereas in the adjacent
  • the thickness of the cover plate is increased locally.
  • the cover plate may have an average thickness of more than 1 mm, preferably more than 1.5 mm, whereas the predetermined breaking area may only have a thickness of less than 0.5 mm, preferably less than 0.3 mm. This allows the
  • Predetermined breaking area in contrast to the relatively rigid stable cover plate, a reduced strength, similar to a thin film obtained.
  • line-like weakening regions having a smaller thickness than the average thickness of the predetermined breaking region can be provided in the predetermined breaking region.
  • the predetermined breaking region at such line-like weakening regions may have a further reduced thickness, so that the predetermined breaking region upon occurrence of a Excessive internal pressure in the housing along these weakened areas ruptures, thus releasing an opening for the escape of gas from the housing.
  • Breaking range can be influenced, which force is required to the
  • the predetermined breaking range can be specifically designed to burst at an increased internal pressure in the housing of more than 5000 hPa.
  • the described possible features of the battery cell and configurations of the components of the battery cell are particularly suitable for use in battery cells whose housing has a prismatic shape.
  • the cover plate provided with the integrated predetermined breaking region can bring several advantages both in the production of the battery cell and for the finished battery cell.
  • the mounting of an additional pressure relief valve assembly for example, the welding of an additional, provided as a separate metallic component rupture disk, omitted.
  • conventionally used welding processes can be dispensed with in this context. Even defects that may arise in such welding processes can be avoided. Due to the overall possible savings of components, the manufacturing process can be made simpler and cheaper.
  • the described features of the battery cell and embodiments of the components of the battery cell, in particular the cover plate, are particularly suitable for use in battery cells whose housing has a prismatic shape.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a lithium-ion battery cell.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a cover plate for a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective partial view of a cover plate for a battery cell cut off along the line B-B shown in FIG. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along the line A-A shown in FIG. 2 of a cover plate for a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a motor vehicle with a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a conventional lithium-ion battery cell in an exploded view. It can be seen that the battery cell consists of a plurality of individual components, which are kept separately and must be assembled consuming during manufacture. Only the understanding of
  • the battery cell 1 comprises a winding element 3 with a wound stack 5 of a copper foil coated with anode material and an aluminum foil coated with cathode material, and intervening plastic films serving as diaphragms.
  • the copper foil and the aluminum foil along the winding axis in the opposite direction slightly staggered stacked, so that the copper foil on a narrow side and the aluminum foil on a
  • a current collector 7 made of copper is welded, so that this current collector is electrically connected to the anode of Wckelelements.
  • a second current collector 9 made of aluminum is welded to make electrical contact with the cathode of the winding element 3.
  • the winding element 3 provided with the two current collectors 7, 9 as well as a cover arrangement 15 are then introduced through an opening 14 into an upwardly open, cuboidal container 13. Subsequently, the opening 14 of the container 13 with a cover plate 23 of the lid assembly 15 is connected gas-tight and pressure-tight. Through an opening 26 in the lid assembly 15 in the container 13, a liquid electrolyte is filled, which thus comes into contact with the provided on the metal foils of the wakelelements anode and cathode materials, so that it to the
  • the container 13 is formed of sheet metal to withstand, inter alia, the chemically aggressive electrolyte.
  • the cover assembly 15 consists of a plurality of components. The components are needed to perform several different functions using the
  • Cover assembly 15 for the entire battery cell 1 to implement.
  • the container 13 should not only be sealed gas- and pressure-tight, but it should also contact arrangements 19 allow a connection between the interior of the container 13 and the external environment and thereby an electrical connection between each of the current collector 7, the 9th on the one hand and from the outside to be contacted contact elements 21 on the other hand.
  • the cover assembly 15, inter alia, a cover plate 23 which can be connected at its lateral edges tightly connected to an edge of the opening 14 of the container 13, for example by welding.
  • this cover plate 23 usually consists of a metal.
  • a plurality of openings are provided, which serve different tasks.
  • apertures 25 are provided through which components of the contact assemblies 19, such as one on a current collector 7, 9
  • an opening 26 is provided through which electrolyte can be filled into the interior of the housing 11 after the container 13 has been closed with the cover plate 23.
  • a potential plate 17 is provided to electrically connect one of the contact assemblies 19 with the cover plate 23 and in this way the cover plate 23 and the associated with this container 13 to the same electrical potential as that with this contact arrangement 19 in
  • the cover plate 23 also has a large opening 29. This opening 29 is closed by a rupture disk 28 designed as a separate component.
  • the rupture disk is a component in the form of a thin metal foil, which is welded at its edge to the cover plate 23 in a region around the opening 29 around.
  • the rupture disk 28 is in this case designed to avoid a dangerous overpressure within the housing 11 by the thin film of the rupture disk 28 breaks when a threshold pressure is exceeded and thus gas can escape from the housing 1 1 out.
  • Figure 2 shows a modified cover plate 23 for a battery cell according to a
  • the cover plate 23 has, in addition to the openings 25 for performing the contact assemblies 19 and the opening 26 to Charging the electrolyte on a predetermined breaking area 31.
  • the entire cover plate 23 including the predetermined breaking area 31 is formed from a metal sheet.
  • Predetermined breaking region 31 is thereby produced by displacing material from this region into adjacent regions by means of an embossing process, so that the predetermined breaking region has a reduced thickness in comparison to an average thickness of the cover plate 23.
  • the predetermined breaking region 31 has a considerably smaller thickness d1 than the thickness d2 of FIG Cover plate 23 forming sheet.
  • the thickness d1 of the predetermined breaking region 31 can be selected, for example, as a function of the material properties and the geometrical design of the predetermined breaking region such that the predetermined breaking region locally bursts when an increased internal pressure in the housing 11 occurs, for example, more than 5000 hPa, so that gas from the Housing 1 1 can escape.
  • the thickness d2 of the sheet used for the cover plate 23 can typically be between 1 and 3 mm, whereas the thickness d1 of the predetermined breaking range can be reduced to less than 0.5 mm to achieve the desired bursting properties.
  • a stamp of suitable geometry can be embossed into the sheet metal forming the cover plate 23.
  • the shape of this stamp is designed such that material is displaced out of the center of the area to be embossed out and displaced into adjacent areas.
  • thickening regions 33 can arise at the edge around the predetermined breaking region 31, at which the cover plate 23 has a greater thickness than the original thickness d2 of the used
  • Thickening regions 33 for example, have increased by 1 mm to 3 mm thickness.
  • the process of embossing the metal sheet to produce the predetermined breaking area 31 in the cover plate 23 can be carried out in a single embossing process and / or with a single embossing tool, but it can also be several separate
  • Embossing processes for example, with different embossing tools or Stamping can be used to ultimately produce the desired shape and geometry for the predetermined breaking area 31.
  • additional line-like weakened regions 35 may be formed in the predetermined breaking region 31, which have a smaller thickness than the remaining predetermined breaking region 31.
  • a thickness d3 at such a weakened region 35 can be in the region of 0, 01 to 0.5 mm, preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
  • Weakening range serve as a predetermined breaking line along which the predetermined breaking region 31 tears when bursting.
  • the weakening regions 35 can be produced by locally embossing material using a suitable embossing tool. 4 shows a motor vehicle 100 with a battery 102 which is composed of a plurality of the battery cells 1 described above.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

Élément de batterie, notamment élément de batterie lithium-ions, qui permet de réduire le nombre d'éléments constitutifs relativement aux éléments de batterie classiques. L'élément de batterie de l'invention comporte un boîtier métallique dans lequel sont logés un élément d'enroulement, deux électrodes et un électrolyte et qui est fermé au moyen d'un dispositif de couverture de manière étanche aux gaz et à la pression. Le dispositif de couverture comprend, entre autres, une plaque de couverture (23) qui permet de fermer en grande partie une ouverture du boîtier. Selon l'invention, une zone de rupture (31) est ménagée dans la plaque de couverture (23), cette zone de rupture présentant une épaisseur inférieure à des zones périphériques de la plaque de couverture (23). Cette moindre épaisseur, à laquelle peuvent éventuellement s'ajouter d'autres zones d'affaiblissement (35) encore amincies, permet de concevoir la zone de rupture (31) de façon qu'elle éclate en cas d'augmentation de pression interne dans le boîtier de l'élément de batterie. La zone de rupture (31) et les zones d'affaiblissement (35) peuvent être obtenues par estampage local d'une tôle métallique utilisée pour la plaque de couverture (23), de sorte que la zone de rupture (31) puisse être intégrée dans le reste de la plaque de couverture (23) et rende ainsi superflu le montage d'éléments supplémentaires tels qu'un diaphragme d'éclatement de type feuille.
PCT/EP2013/065975 2012-09-14 2013-07-30 Élément de batterie doté d'un diaphragme d'éclatement intégré dans la plaque de couverture WO2014040791A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012216479.0 2012-09-14
DE102012216479.0A DE102012216479A1 (de) 2012-09-14 2012-09-14 Batteriezelle mit in Gehäusedeckplatte integrierter Berstscheibe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014040791A1 true WO2014040791A1 (fr) 2014-03-20

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WO (1) WO2014040791A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220123402A1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2022-04-21 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Alkaline secondary battery and alkaline secondary battery module

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014225462A1 (de) * 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gehäuse mit erhöhter Verformbarkeit
DE102018109328A1 (de) 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Batterieeinheit mit einem Batteriegehäuse, mindestens einem, in diesem Batteriegehäuse angeordneten Zellverbund und mindestens einem Zellmanagement-Controller sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Batterieeinheit
DE102022101425A1 (de) * 2022-01-21 2023-07-27 OERLIKON FRICTION SYSTEMS (GERMANY) GmbH Modulabdeckhaube mit integrierter Gasableitung für Batteriemodule
DE102022212333A1 (de) 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Aft Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Zellgehäuses für eine prismatische Batteriezelle einer Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Zellgehäuseanordnung sowie Zellgehäuse und Zellgehäuseanordnung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1011156A1 (fr) * 1998-11-10 2000-06-21 Japan Storage Battery Company Limited Accumulateur avec soupape de sûreté
US20070154782A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Sungjae Cho Secondary battery and its method of manufacture
US20110269000A1 (en) * 2009-01-27 2011-11-03 Satoshi Suzuki Safety valve and manufacturing method thereof, sealed battery and manufacturing method thereof, vehicle, and battery mounting device
WO2012011470A1 (fr) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 株式会社 東芝 Pile et bloc-piles
CA2814626A1 (fr) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-19 Soode Nagano Co., Ltd. Couvercle de boitier d'accumulateur et procede de fabrication de couvercle de boitier d'accumulateur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1011156A1 (fr) * 1998-11-10 2000-06-21 Japan Storage Battery Company Limited Accumulateur avec soupape de sûreté
US20070154782A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Sungjae Cho Secondary battery and its method of manufacture
US20110269000A1 (en) * 2009-01-27 2011-11-03 Satoshi Suzuki Safety valve and manufacturing method thereof, sealed battery and manufacturing method thereof, vehicle, and battery mounting device
WO2012011470A1 (fr) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 株式会社 東芝 Pile et bloc-piles
EP2597703A1 (fr) * 2010-07-21 2013-05-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Inc. Pile et bloc-piles
CA2814626A1 (fr) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-19 Soode Nagano Co., Ltd. Couvercle de boitier d'accumulateur et procede de fabrication de couvercle de boitier d'accumulateur

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220123402A1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2022-04-21 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Alkaline secondary battery and alkaline secondary battery module
US12002978B2 (en) * 2019-08-06 2024-06-04 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Alkaline secondary battery and alkaline secondary battery module

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DE102012216479A1 (de) 2014-03-20

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