WO2014032572A1 - 一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法 - Google Patents
一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014032572A1 WO2014032572A1 PCT/CN2013/082390 CN2013082390W WO2014032572A1 WO 2014032572 A1 WO2014032572 A1 WO 2014032572A1 CN 2013082390 W CN2013082390 W CN 2013082390W WO 2014032572 A1 WO2014032572 A1 WO 2014032572A1
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- microgrid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/02—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of AC power at different frequencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
Definitions
- Multi-level microgrid control method based on four-dimensional energy management space
- the present invention relates to the field of power systems, and in particular to a multi-level micro-grid control method based on a four-dimensional energy management space. Background technique
- microgrid refers to an independent intelligent system integrated by distributed power, energy storage devices, load and protection control devices, which can be operated on the grid or off-grid.
- the present invention provides a multi-level microgrid control method based on a four-dimensional energy management space, which effectively solves the problem of energy optimization management of a microgrid system under different modes, different timings and multiple constraints.
- the microgrid system of the present invention comprises a multi-level microgrid and a distributed power source, in which a plurality of microgrid controllers are managed by a microgrid energy management system; a microgrid controller controls multiple distributed Power and load.
- the invention provides a multi-level microgrid control method based on a four-dimensional energy management space, the micro-grid system comprising a multi-level microgrid or a distributed power source; and the improvement comprises the following steps:
- step (1) establishing a four-dimensional energy management space model comprises the following steps:
- step 1) The basic elements described in step 1) include distributed power sources, load classes, energy storage classes, and other classes.
- Other classes of the invention refer to additional devices, such as active filtering, reactive power compensation, etc., that are sometimes added to the power quality management in an actual microgrid system.
- the network topology structure is integrated, and interconnected with the external system to form a basic element table.
- the network topology of the present invention is designed according to conditions such as actual requirements, functional applications, and the like.
- step 2) the first dimension is the operating mode of the system, including:
- Mode 1 Distributed power/micro network combined with grid operation
- Mode 2 Distributed power supply / micro network combined off-grid operation
- Mode 3 The microgrid is connected to the grid independently;
- Mode 4 The microgrid operates independently from the network
- Mode 5 The distributed power supply is connected to the grid independently.
- step 3) is a time series of system operations, including:
- T1 time According to the wind power, photovoltaic real-time power, load demand and storage power level, the production scheduling adjustment; T2 time: According to the adjusted production situation and the TO time plan comparison, adjust again.
- Level 3 State of charge.
- the first category grid-connected power
- the second category increase/decrease distributed power supply
- the third category increase / decrease the load of each type
- the fourth category Adjust the energy storage device.
- the step (2) establishes a model corresponding to the control strategy library according to the four-dimensional energy management space model established in step (1), and establishes a corresponding policy library and logic program in different management control devices.
- step (3) energy management and control of the execution system includes:
- the energy management system of the primary station When the system is running, according to the collected data information and the scheduling command of the external system, the energy management system of the primary station automatically determines, and selects the corresponding policy command and sends it to the micro-grid controllers at all levels to perform system-level energy optimization configuration;
- the grid controller receives the transmitted policy command, invokes the pre-programmed logic control program, and performs small-area coordinated control for real-time information; the underlying device performs control of the single device according to the real-time parameters and the previously written logic control program. .
- the corresponding strategy of the present invention refers to different control strategies corresponding to the micro-grid system under different operating conditions;
- the small area is: a device area that can be controlled by a micro-network controller;
- the bottom-layer equipment is mainly a wind power inverter, Photovoltaic inverters, energy storage bidirectional inverters, etc.
- the invention proposes a theory of four-dimensional energy management space, and based on the theory, proposes a multi-level microgrid control method based on four-dimensional energy management space.
- the multi-dimensional combination effectively solves the multi-level distributed power/microgrid energy optimization management problem under different modes, different timings and multiple constraints.
- the theory can be flexibly used for singles through lumped constraints. Operational control of a micro network/single device.
- the layers/levels of each dimension can be freely and flexibly selected, and the impact factors under various conditions and constraints are comprehensively considered, and the corresponding control strategy database is systematically derived and called in real time, thereby ensuring more Economical scheduling and optimized operation of a distributed power/microgrid grid-connected system.
- This method is not only suitable for large-area multi-level distributed power/microgrid systems, but also for distributed power/microgrid systems with only one pole. According to different project conditions, the corresponding part of the method can be selected.
- FIG. 1 is a four-dimensional energy management space model provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a multi-stage distributed power/microgrid control provided by the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing the electrical structure of a multi-stage distributed power supply/microgrid according to the present invention. detailed description
- the multi-level microgrid control method based on the four-dimensional energy management space mainly adopts the idea of centralized management and decentralized control, and performs layered/graded control on the distributed power source or the micro grid in the whole system to solve each Coordinated control and energy optimization problems between the hierarchical systems, including the following steps: (1) establishing a four-dimensional energy management space model;
- the four-dimensional energy management space model proposed by the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1 , and is mainly composed of element basis B (Basic), operation mode M (Model ) time series T (Time), priority level P (Priority) control strategy C (Control) five. Partial composition, through the multi-dimensional combination method, comprehensively consider various impact factors and effectively select, optimize the stratification/classification/classification of the whole system under different operation modes, which will be selected according to the actual situation of the project.
- the types of distributed power, energy storage and load types, capacity, access points and other information are filled in the basic element table; then several operating modes of the system are filled into the first dimension table in an exhaustive manner; Arrange the time points required for energy management and fill in the second dimension table; fill in the third dimension table in order of priority; and finally control the distributed power, energy storage and load Fill in the fourth dimension table to form a four-dimensional energy management space model, so that the energy resources of the entire system reach the optimal configuration.
- the model structure is shown in Figure 1. This model is not only suitable for multi-level systems, but also for a single device. According to different situations, the relevant impact factors can be reasonably selected, and the guiding role of the model can be fully utilized.
- the elemental basis B (Basic) of the basic space of the four-dimensional energy tube proposed by the present invention is mainly based on the element
- the power characteristics and load characteristics of the prime are divided.
- the main elements are:
- Distributed power supply class Usually divided into intermittent distributed power sources (such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation, etc.) and controllable distributed power sources (such as micro gas turbines, fuel cells, etc.) according to the output of distributed power sources.
- intermittent distributed power sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation, etc.
- controllable distributed power sources such as micro gas turbines, fuel cells, etc.
- Load class According to the type of load, there are mainly electric load, thermal load, and cooling load.
- Energy storage According to the principle of energy storage, there are mainly physical energy storage, chemical energy storage, and electromagnetic energy storage.
- Other classes According to the actual situation, other basic elements in the model are used to extend the standby. These basic elements are integrated with a certain network topology and interconnected with external systems to construct a model basis for the four-dimensional energy management space, that is, a multi-level distributed power/microgrid grid-connected system.
- the first dimension of the four-dimensional energy management space proposed by the present invention is the operating mode M of the system (Model)
- the operating mode mainly refers to the basic elements of the system, that is, the operation of various distributed power sources, loads, and energy storage devices under different network architectures.
- the main operation modes of the selected multi-level distributed power/microgrid system with wind and solar storage are as follows:
- Mode 1 Distributed power / micro network combined with grid operation
- Mode 2 Distributed power supply / micro network combined off-grid operation
- Mode 3 Microgrid is connected to the grid independently
- Mode 4 Microgrid operates independently from the network
- control strategy and energy allocation strategy for distributed power, load and energy storage are also different.
- the second dimension of the four-dimensional energy management space proposed by the present invention is a time series T of system operation (Time.
- the time series mainly refers to predicting the energy production and consumption of the system at the first time TO to the second time T1, and formulating Energy distribution plan; at the second time T1, combined with the actual production and consumption of energy at that time, the basic elements, namely various distributed power sources, loads and energy storage devices, are adjusted, so as to be at the third time T2 , can achieve global resource optimal configuration, and so on, shape A time series that runs into the entire system.
- T1 time According to the actual output of wind power, photovoltaic power, load demand, storage power level, etc., adjust production scheduling, such as specifying power output, management load, and control switching power.
- the third dimension of the four-dimensional energy management space proposed by the present invention is the priority level P (Priority) of the determination parameter.
- the priority level mainly refers to the priority constraint and the step-by-step decomposition of the operating parameters during the operation of the system, and the relevant constraints are all Integration provides the premise for further control strategy development. Take the selected multi-level distributed power/microgrid system with wind and solar storage as an example.
- the main priority levels are:
- Grid status (such as peak electricity consumption, electricity valley, etc.)
- Second stage Power status (eg power surplus, power shortage, etc.)
- Level 3 State of charge (eg battery SOC value is too low or too high)
- the fourth dimension of the four-dimensional energy management space proposed by the present invention is the operational control strategy of the system C (Control).
- the control strategy mainly refers to the operation control of the basic elements under different modes, different timings and multiple constraints. Taking the selected multi-level distributed power/microgrid system with wind and solar storage as an example, the main control strategies are:
- the first category grid-connected power (such as returning surplus power to the grid, etc.)
- the second category distributed power supply (such as increasing or decreasing or switching the distributed power supply, etc.)
- the third category various types of load (such as increase or decrease or cut all types of load, etc.)
- the fourth category energy storage device adjustment (such as charging and discharging of different energy storage)
- the fifth category —
- the multi-level distributed power/microgrid control system will be carried out from the dispatching layer of the distribution network, the centralized control layer of the microgrid (micro-network master station and controllers at all levels), the distributed power supply at all levels and the local control layer at the load level. Policy control for run mode, time series, and priority levels. Achieve operational monitoring, coordinated control and energy management of the entire system. Its control structure is shown in Figure 2.
- the distribution network dispatching system of the distribution network dispatching layer communicates with the microgrid energy management system of several control layers of the microgrid through Ethernet, and controls the microgrid controller of each stage through the Ethernet to control the microgrid centralized controller.
- a system-level energy management strategy library and a corresponding instruction library are established.
- a subsystem-level control strategy library managed by the level controller is established; and the control strategy of the device is written in the bottom device.
- the control strategy library of this embodiment performs judgment according to different operating conditions, and then performs corresponding control. For example, when the multi-level microgrid is running in the joint grid operation, the distributed power output is greater than the load demand, the grid is in the peak period of power consumption, and the battery SOC is in the high capacity state, so that the control of each inverter makes the micro grid rich. All electricity is returned to the grid.
- the energy management system of the primary station When the system is running, according to the collected data information and the scheduling command of the external system, the energy management system of the primary station automatically determines, and selects the corresponding policy command and sends it to the micro-grid controllers at all levels to perform system-level energy optimization configuration;
- the grid controller receives the transmitted policy command, invokes the pre-programmed logic control program, and performs small-area coordinated control for real-time information; the underlying device performs control of the single device according to the real-time parameters and the previously written logic control program. .
- the present embodiment selects a multi-stage microgrid including a wind and air storage type as an example, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the microgrid mainly contains wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, lithium battery packs, micro gas turbines, important loads (such as primary load defined in the power system), residential loads, and reactive power compensation devices, which are all connected in parallel through relays.
- the microgrid PCC switch is connected to the grid.
- the system has a flexible topology that enables multi-level distributed power/microgrid joint/off-grid operation in different operating modes.
- the control strategy for distributed power, energy storage and load such as tie line exchange power control, distributed power output control, battery charge and discharge control, load power control, etc., will be filled in the fourth dimension table;
- the primary station energy management system When the system is running, according to the collected data information and the external scheduling command, the primary station energy management system automatically determines, and selects the corresponding policy command and sends it to each level of the micro network controller to perform system-level energy optimization configuration;
- micro-network controllers at all levels receive the transmitted strategic instructions, call the pre-programmed logic control program, and perform small-area coordinated control for real-time information;
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法,所述微电网系统包括多级微电网和分布式电源;该方法包括步骤有:(1)建立四维能量管理空间模型;(2)建立模型对应的控制策略库;(3)执行系统的能量管理与控制。本发明通过多维度组合,有效解决了在不同模式、不同时序和多约束条件下的多级分布式电源/微电网能量优化管理问题;同时该理论通过集总化约束,还可灵活用于单极微网/单个设备的运行控制。在实际应用时,根据需求,可以自由灵活的选择各维度的层/级数,全面考虑各种状况和约束下的影响因子,系统化地推导出对应的控制策略库并实时调用,从而保证多级分布式电源/微电网并网系统的经济调度和优化运行。
Description
一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统领域,具体涉及一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电 网控制方法。 背景技术
近年来随着环境的日益恶化和不可再生能源的稀缺, 以风能、太阳能为代表 的可再生清洁能源发电技术得到了迅猛发展。其中, 将小型风力发电、光伏发电 等灵活、 分散地接入用户侧配网, 能提高局部供电可靠性、 减少输电损耗、 提高 一次能源的利用率和减少废气排放。 以这种方式接入配网的风、光发电系统等被 统称为分布式电源。
由于风能和光能具有随机性、 间歇性的特点, 独立的分布式电源系统难以 提供稳定、连续的功率输出,同时大量分布式电源并网也会对接入电网造成冲击。 因此为了能够系统、 高效管理分布式电源, 提高供电可靠性和改善电能质量, 人 们提出了分布式电源以微电网形式接入大电网。 此处微电网是指由分布式电源、 储能装置、 负荷和保护控制装置一起集成的独立智能系统, 它既可以并网运行, 也可以离网运行。
目前的微电网并网的动态特性和能量管理问题,现有控制策略已经不再适用, 因此能量管理系统要想保持良好运行, 必须有完善的控制策略支持。但是现有的 能量管理策略往往只考虑设备层的频率电压控制, 或者管理层的有功无功调度。 当大量分布式电源和微电网以多级形式并网的情形时, 考虑影响因子相对较少, 系统化程度不足, 很容易造成关键控制环节丢失的现象。 发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网 控制方法,有效解决了在不同模式、不同时序和多约束条件下的微电网系统能量 优化管理问题。
本发明所述的微电网系统包含多级微电网和分布式电源,在该系统中, 通过 微电网能量管理系统, 管理多个微网控制器; 一个微网控制器, 控制多个分布式
电源和负荷。
本发明提供的一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法,所述微电 网系统包括多级微电网或分布式电源;其改进之处在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 建立四维能量管理空间模型;
(2) 建立模型对应的控制策略库;
(3) 执行系统的能量管理与控制。
其中, 步骤 (1 ) 建立四维能量管理空间模型包括如下步骤:
1 ) 根据工程情况生成基础元素表;
2) 确认第一维度表;
3) 确认填入第二维度表;
4) 确认第三维度表;
5) 确认第四维度表。
其中,步骤 1 )所述基础元素包括分布式电源类、负荷类、储能类和其他类。 本发明的其他类, 是指在实际微电网系统中, 有时会考虑电能质量治理而添加的 一些额外设备, 如有源滤波、 无功补偿等。
通过所述分布式电源类、 负荷类、储能类和其他类, 以网络拓扑结构进行集 成,并与外部系统互联,形成基础元素表。本发明的网络拓扑结构根据实需求际、 功能应用等条件而设计。
其中, 步骤 2) 第一维度为系统的运行模式, 包括:
模式一: 分布式电源 /微网联合并网运行;
模式二: 分布式电源 /微网联合离网运行;
模式三: 微电网独立并网运行;
模式四: 微电网独立离网运行;
模式五: 分布式电源独立并网运行。
其中, 步骤 3) 第二维度为系统运行的时间序列, 包括:
TO 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的预测功率、 冷热电预测负荷需求、 电网运行状 态和电力市场价格机制, 制定生产调度计划;
T1 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的实时功率、 负荷需求和储存电量水平, 进行生 产调度调整;
T2时刻: 根据调整的生产情况与 TO时刻计划比对, 再次进行调整。
其中, 4) 确认第三维度表为判定参数的优先级别, 又高到低包括: 第一级: 电网状态;
第二级: 功率状态;
第三级: 荷电状态。
其中, 5) 确认第四维度表为系统的运行控制策略, 包括:
第一类: 并网交换功率;
第二类: 增 /减分布式电源;
第三类: 增 /减各类型负荷;
第四类: 调节储能装置。
其中, 步骤(2)建立模型对应的控制策略库是根据步骤(1 )建立的四维能 量管理空间模型, 在不同的管理控制设备中建立对应的策略库及逻辑程序。
其中, 步骤 (3) 执行系统的能量管理与控制包括:
系统运行时,根据采集的数据信息和外部系统的调度命令, 主站能量管理系 统自动判定, 并选择对应策略指令下发给各级微电网控制器, 进行系统级的能量 优化配置; 各级微电网控制器接到传来的策略指令, 调用事先编好的逻辑控制程 序, 针对实时信息, 执行小区域协调控制; 底层设备根据实时参数, 和事先写入 的逻辑控制程序, 执行单个设备的控制。
本发明的对应策略是指在微电网系统在不同运行条件约束下,对应产生的不 同控制策略; 小区域为: 一个微网控制器所能控制的设备区域; 底层设备主要为 风电逆变器、 光伏逆变器、 储能双向逆变器等。
与现有技术比, 本发明的有益效果为:
本发明提出了四维能量管理空间的理论, 并基于该理论提出了一种基于四 维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法。 该方法通过多维度组合, 有效解决了 在不同模式、 不同时序和多约束条件下的多级分布式电源 /微电网能量优化管理 问题; 同时该理论通过集总化约束, 还可灵活用于单极微网 /单个设备的运行控 制。 在实际应用时, 根据需求, 可以自由灵活的选择各维度的层 /级数, 全面考 虑各种状况和约束下的影响因子, 系统化地推导出对应的控制策略库并实时调 用, 从而保证多级分布式电源 /微电网并网系统的经济调度和优化运行。
该方法不仅适用于大区域多级分布式电源 /微电网系统, 也适用于只有一极 的分布式电源 /微电网系统, 根据不同项目情况, 可以选用该方法的对应部分。 附图说明
图 1为本发明提供的四维能量管理空间模型。
图 2为本发明提供的多级分布式电源 /微电网控制结构图。
图 3为本发明提供的多级分布式电源 /微电网电气结构图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
本实施例提供的一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法,主要采 用集中管理和分散控制的思想, 对整个系统中的分布式电源或微电网进行分层 / 分级控制, 解决各级系统之间的协调控制和能量优化问题, 其包括如下步骤: ( 1 ) 建立四维能量管理空间模型;
本发明提出的四维能量管理空间模型如图 1所示,主要由元素基础 B(Basic)、 运行模式 M ( Model ) 时间序列 T (Time)、 优先级别 P ( Priority ) 控制策略 C (Control)五部分构成, 它通过多维度组合的方式, 综合考虑各类影响因子并有 效选用,对整个系统在不同运行模式下进行分层 /分级 /分类的优化控制,其根据工 程实际情况, 将已选用的各级分布式电源、 储能和负荷的种类、 容量、 接入点等 信息对应填入基础元素表;然后将该系统所具有的几种运行模式以穷举的方式填 入第一维度表; 将所需进行能量管理的时间点进行排列并填入第二维度表; 将各 类影响因子按优先考虑的顺序填入第三维度表; 最后将对分布式电源、储能和负 荷的控制策略填入第四维度表, 形成四维能量管理空间模型, 从而是整个系统的 能量资源达到最优配置。模型结构如图 1所示。该模型不仅适用于多级系统, 也 适用于单个设备, 根据不同情况, 合理选用相关影响因子, 可以充分发挥该模型 的引导作用。
建立空间模型包括如下步骤:
1 ) 模型构成: 元素基础 B (Basic)
本发明提出的四维能量管基础理空间的元素基础 B (Basic), 主要是根据元
素的电源特性和负荷特性来进行划分的。以选取的含风光储气型的多级分布式电 源 /微电网系统为例, 其主要元素有:
分布式电源类: 通常根据分布式电源的出力情况, 再划分为间歇型分布式电 源(如风力发电、 光伏发电等)和可控型分布式电源(如微型燃气轮机、 燃料电 池等)。
负荷类: 根据负荷的种类划分, 主要有电力负荷、 热力负荷、 制冷负荷等。 储能类: 根据储能原理的不同, 主要有物理储能、 化学储能、 电磁储能等。 其他类: 根据实际情况, 模型中的其他构成基础元素, 用以扩展备用。 将这些基础元素, 以一定的网络拓扑结构进行集成, 并与外部系统互联, 从 而构建四维能量管理空间的模型基础, 即多级分布式电源 /微电网并网系统。
2) 第一维度: 运行模式 M (Model)
本发明提出的四维能量管理空间的第一维度为系统的运行模式 M ( Model 该运行模式主要是指系统的基础元素, 即各种分布式电源、负荷及储能装置在不 同网络架构下的运行方式。 以选取的含风光储气型的多级分布式电源 /微电网系 统为例, 其主要运行模式有:
模式一: 分布式电源 /微网联合并网运行
模式二: 分布式电源 /微网联合离网运行
模式三: 微电网独立并网运行
模式四: 微电网独立离网运行
模式五: 分布式电源独立并网运行
模式六: ......
在不同的运行模式下,其对分布式电源、负荷及储能的控制策略和能量分配 策略也不一样。
3) 第二维度: 时间序列 T (Time)
本发明提出的四维能量管理空间的第二维度为系统运行的时间序列 T (Time 该时间序列主要是指系统在第一时刻 TO对第二时刻 T1的能量生产及消 耗情况做出预测, 并制定能量分配计划; 在第二时刻 T1来临时, 结合该时刻能 量的实际生产及消耗情况, 对各基础元素, 即各种分布式电源、 负荷及储能装置 进行调整, 以期在第三时刻 T2时, 能够达到全局资源最优配置, 以此类推, 形
成整个系统运行的时间序列。
TO 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的出力预测, 冷热电等负荷需求预测, 外部电网 运行状态、电力市场价格机制等,做出下一步的生产调度计划。如电池充放计划、 购售电计划等。
T1 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的实际出力情况、 负荷需求、 储存电量水平等, 进行生产调度调整, 如指定电源出力、 管理负荷、 控制交换功率等。
T2时刻: 根据调整的生产情况与期望值比对, 再次进行优化调整;
T3时亥 IJ : · · · · · ·
4) 第三维度: 优先级别 P (Priority)
本发明提出的四维能量管理空间的第三维度为判定参数的优先级别 P (Priority) 该优先级别主要是指系统在运行时, 通过对运行参数的优先判定和逐 级分解, 将相关约束条件全部集成, 为进一步的控制策略制定提供前提。 以选取 的含风光储气型的多级分布式电源 /微电网系统为例, 其主要优先级别有:
第一级: 电网状态 (如用电高峰、 用电低谷等)
第二级: 功率状态 (如功率富余、 功率缺额等)
第三级: 荷电状态 (如电池 SOC值过低或过高)
第四级: ......
5) 第四维度: 控制策略 C (Control)
本发明提出的四维能量管理空间的第四维度为系统的运行控制策略 C (Control) 该控制策略主要是指在不同模式、 不同时序和多约束条件下对基础元 素进行的操作控制。 以选取的含风光储气型的多级分布式电源 /微电网系统为例, 其主要控制策略有:
第一类: 并网交换功率 (如向电网返送富余功率等)
第二类: 分布式电源 (如增减或投切分布式电源等)
第三类: 各类型负荷 (如增减或投切各类型负荷等)
第四类: 储能装置调节 (如储能不同功率的充放电等)
第五类: ......
(2) 建立模型对应的控制策略库;
根据已经建立的四维能量管理空间模型,在不同的管理控制设备中建立对应
的策略库及逻辑程序。 多级分布式电源 /微电网控制系统将从配电网调度层、 微 电网集中控制层 (微网主站及各级控制器)、 各级分布式电源和负荷就地控制层 三个层面进行对运行方式、时间序列和优先级别下的策略控制。实现整个系统的 运行监测、协调控制和能量管理。其控制结构图如图 2所示。配电网调度层的配 电网调度系统通过以太网与微电网几种控制层的微电网能量管理系统通信,并通 过以太网控制微电网集中控制器指令每一级的微电网控制器。在主站的能量管理 系统中, 建立系统级的能量管理策略库和对应的指令库。 在各级微网控制器中, 建立该级控制器所管理的子系统级控制策略库;在底层设备中编写该设备的控制 策略。本实施例的控制策略库根据不同的运行条件, 进行判断, 然后执行对应的 控制。例如当多级微网在联合并网运行时, 分布式电源出力大于负荷需求, 电网 处于用电高峰时段, 电池 SOC处于高容量状态, 则通过对各个逆变器的控制, 使微电网内富裕电量全部返送电网。
(3) 执行系统的能量管理与控制。
系统运行时,根据采集的数据信息和外部系统的调度命令, 主站能量管理系 统自动判定, 并选择对应策略 指令下发给各级微电网控制器, 进行系统级的能 量优化配置; 各级微电网控制器接到传来的策略指令, 调用事先编好的逻辑控制 程序, 针对实时信息, 执行小区域 协调控制; 底层设备 根据实时参数, 和事先 写入的逻辑控制程序, 执行单个设备的控制。
具体的,本实施例选取含风光储气型的多级微电网为例, 结合附图 3对本发 明作详细说明。
1 ) 微电网中主要含有风力发电、 光伏发电、 锂电池组、 微型燃气轮机、 重 要负荷 (如电力系统中定义的一级负荷)、 居民负荷以及无功补偿装置, 其均通 过继电器并联后, 通过微电网 PCC开关与电网连接。 该系统具有灵活的拓扑结 构, 可在不同的运行方式下进行多级分布式电源 /微电网的联合并 /离网运行。 首 先根据该工程网络拓扑结构,如图 3所示,将已选用的微型燃气轮机、光伏发电、 风力发电、 储能装置、 重要负荷和居民负荷的相关信息对应填入基础元素表。
将该系统所具有的几种运行模式, 如整个系统的互联并网运行, 整个系统的 互联离网运行等等, 以穷举的方式填入第一维度运行模式表;
将所需进行能量管理的时间点进行排列, 如能量预测计划阶段、 能量实际状
将各类影响因子, 如外部电网状态、 母线功率状态、 电池荷电状态、 生产经 济成本, 运行安全约束等等按优先考虑的顺序填入第三维度表;
将对分布式电源、 储能和负荷的控制策略, 如联络线交换功率控制、 分布式 电源出力控制、 电池充放电控制、 负荷用电控制等填入第四维度表;
2) 根据已经建立的四维能量管理空间模型, 在不同的管理控制设备中建立 对应的策略库及逻辑程序。
系统运行时, 根据采集的数据信息和外部调度命令, 主站能量管理系统自动 判定,并选择对应策略指令下发给各级微网控制器,进行系统级的能量优化配置;
3) 各级微网控制器接到传来的策略指令, 调用事先编好的逻辑控制程序, 针对实时信息, 执行小区域协调控制;
底层设备根据实时参数,和事先写入的逻辑控制程序,执行单个设备的控制。 最后应当说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制 尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当 理解: 依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换, 而未脱离本发 明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当 中。
Claims
1、 一种基于四维能量管理空间的多级微电网控制方法, 所述微电网系统包括多 级微电网或分布式电源; 其特征在于, 所述方法包括如下步骤:
( 1 ) 建立四维能量管理空间模型;
(2) 建立模型对应的控制策略库;
(3) 执行系统的能量管理与控制。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(1 )建立四维能量管理空 间模型包括如下步骤:
1 ) 根据工程情况生成基础元素表;
2) 确认第一维度表;
3) 确认填入第二维度表;
4) 确认第三维度表;
5) 确认第四维度表。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 1 ) 所述基础元素包括分 布式电源类、 负荷类、 储能类和其他类;
通过所述分布式电源类、 负荷类、 储能类和其他类, 以网络拓扑结构进行集成, 并与外部系统互联, 形成基础元素表。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 2) 第一维度为系统的运 行模式, 包括:
模式一: 分布式电源 /微网联合并网运行;
模式二: 分布式电源 /微网联合离网运行;
模式三: 微电网独立并网运行;
模式四: 微电网独立离网运行;
模式五: 分布式电源独立并网运行。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 3) 第二维度为系统运行 的时间序列, 包括:
TO 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的预测功率、 冷热电预测负荷需求、 电网运行状态和 电力市场价格机制, 制定生产调度计划;
T1 时刻: 根据风力、 光伏的实时功率、 负荷需求和储存电量水平, 进行生产调
度调整;
T2时刻: 根据调整的生产情况与 TO时刻计划比对, 再次进行调整。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 4)确认第三维度表为判定参数 的优先级别, 又高到低包括:
第一级: 电网状态;
第二级: 功率状态;
第三级: 荷电状态。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 5)确认第四维度表为系统的运 行控制策略, 包括:
第一类: 并网交换功率;
第二类: 增 /减分布式电源;
第三类: 增 /减各类型负荷;
第四类: 调节储能装置。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(2)建立模型对应的控制 策略库是根据步骤 (1 ) 建立的四维能量管理空间模型, 在不同的管理控制设备 中建立对应的策略库及逻辑程序。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的控制方法, 其特征在于, 步骤(3)执行系统的能量管理 与控制包括:
系统运行时,根据采集的数据信息和外部系统的调度命令, 主站能量管理系统自 动判定, 并选择对应策略指令下发给各级微电网控制器, 进行系统级的能量优化 配置; 各级微电网控制器接到传来的策略指令, 调用事先编好的逻辑控制程序, 针对实时信息, 执行小区域协调控制; 底层设备根据实时参数, 和事先写入的逻 辑控制程序, 执行单个设备的控制。
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| CN115882443A (zh) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-03-31 | 湖南大学 | 一种考虑长短期负荷发展的特高压直流落点选择方法 |
| CN115859633A (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-28 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | 一种基于人体需求的可穿戴系统规划以及能量管理方法 |
| CN116050642A (zh) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-05-02 | 厦门美域中央信息科技有限公司 | 一种基于分形理论的微网多能源系统优化配置方法 |
| CN121282853A (zh) * | 2025-12-04 | 2026-01-06 | 国网江西省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | 一种多场景自适应的配微协同规划方法及系统 |
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