WO2014030854A1 - Smv를 이용한 plc 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법 - Google Patents
Smv를 이용한 plc 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014030854A1 WO2014030854A1 PCT/KR2013/006857 KR2013006857W WO2014030854A1 WO 2014030854 A1 WO2014030854 A1 WO 2014030854A1 KR 2013006857 W KR2013006857 W KR 2013006857W WO 2014030854 A1 WO2014030854 A1 WO 2014030854A1
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- interlock function
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/056—Programming the PLC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlock function verification method of a PLC control program using a SMV (Symbolic Model Checker).
- SMV Symbolic Model Checker
- PLC control programs run on PLC drive systems that control automated production systems must be designed with the safety of the workplace in mind. If the PLC control program is not completely designed, malfunctions may occur in the automated production system, which can cause great losses such as loss of life and destruction of expensive equipment.
- the PLC control program includes a function of sequentially controlling the facilities of the automated production system and an interlock function to prevent an error situation. Since the interlock function is a safety issue, it must be fully implemented.
- the interlock function is programmed as shown in FIG. 1 and included in the PLC control program so that signals related to the operation of a particular facility are not simultaneously turned on. Referring to FIG. 1
- a method of verifying the interlock function of a PLC control program is proposed to verify that the interlock function of a PLC control program is completely implemented by using an SMV.
- the PLC control program may be configured as a child node, and state conversion logics that affect a state change of the output signal are used as child nodes. Converting the control intermediate model to be represented; As the PLC control program is driven, the control is performed by using output signal list information that is simultaneously turned on among a plurality of output signals output from the PLC driving system to generate an error situation in the operation of the automated production system.
- a dependency hierarchy generating the output signals of the output signal list generating the error situation
- generating the dependency hierarchy On the basis of the structure, it is possible to determine whether a state occurs in which output signals of the output signal list generating the error situation are turned on at the same time.
- the interlock function verification method of the PLC control program using the SMV in order to prevent an error situation in the operation of the automated production system is driven in the PLC drive system for controlling the automated production automation system By deriving or correcting the signal state and the program position which generate the error condition in the PLC control program, it is not necessary to check all parts of the PLC control program when an error situation occurs in the operation of the automated production system.
- 1 is a diagram for explaining an interlock function.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for verifying interlock function of a PLC control program using an SMV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an automated production system to which the interlock function verification method of a PLC control program using an SMV is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a PLC control program operating in a PLC driving system controlling the automated production system shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that the PLC control program shown in FIG. 4 is converted into a control intermediate model.
- FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram of the control intermediate model shown in FIG. 5 using error status signal list information.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a general operation cycle of the PLC drive system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a driving characteristic of the PLC driving system illustrated in FIG. 7 in FSM format.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating two timer logics illustrated in FIG. 4 represented by an FSM.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating state transition characteristics of the sensor input signals S1 to S5 illustrated in FIG. 3 in FSM.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a PLC logic circuit of FIG. 4 represented by an FSM.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal are turned on at the same time as the state of the sensor input signal.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a dependency hierarchy starting from the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal to verify that the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal are ON at the same time.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a PLC control program verification and correction.
- 15 is a diagram illustrating before and after an error condition of a PLC control program is corrected.
- 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of an FSM used in an SMV.
- first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various members, regions, and / or portions, it is obvious that these members, components, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. Do. These terms do not imply any particular order, up or down, or superiority, and are only used to distinguish one member, region or region from another member, region or region. Accordingly, the first member, region, or region described below may refer to the second member, region, or region without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for verifying interlock function of a PLC control program using an SMV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for verifying the interlock function of a PLC control program using an SMV verifies the interlock function of a PLC control program driven in a PLC drive system controlling an automated production system using an SMV. That's how.
- a method of verifying interlock function of the PLC control program may include controlling the PLC control program to represent child state nodes having state output logics having an output signal as a parent node and affecting a state change of the output signal.
- the PLC control program is driven, thereby simultaneously turning ON the plurality of output signals output from the PLC driving system to generate an error situation in the operation of the automated production system.
- control intermediate model is simplified (S2), the PLC driving system and the simplified control intermediate model are converted into a finite state machine (FSM) format (S3), and a SMV (Symblic Model Checker)
- FSM finite state machine
- SMV Symblic Model Checker
- the control intermediate model converted to the FSM format by using the output signals of the output signal list that generates the error situation at the same time (ON)
- the control intermediate model may be simplified by removing the output signals of the output signal list and the state transformation logic of the output signals not related to the error condition from the control intermediate model.
- the state transition logic affects the state change of the output signal.
- the state transition logic that affects the BELT1 output signal includes the state of the internal signal F1 or the state change of the internal signal F3 and the internal state. It may include a logic expression of the sensor input signals S1, S2, and S3 affecting the state change of the signal F1.
- the state transition logic affecting the UP output signal is a sensor input that affects the state change of the internal signal F2 and the state change of the internal signal F2 that affect the state change of the timer T1 and the state change of the timer T1. It may include the logic of the signals S1, S2 and S4.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an automated production system to which the interlock function verification method of a PLC control program using an SMV is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the automated production system repeatedly performs the following operations (drive 1-> drive 2-> drive 3-> drive 4-> drive 5).
- the automated production system can be controlled by a PLC drive system in which a PLC control program programmed to have a drive sequence as described below is driven.
- Driving 1 When the sensor S1 detects the workpiece approaching the roller train, the belt conveyor 1 is driven.
- Driving 4 When the elevator is finished, the belt conveyor 1 and the belt conveyor 2 are simultaneously driven to move the workpiece to the right end of the belt conveyor 2.
- the PLC control program operating in the PLC drive system controlling the automated production system shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 4.
- the PLC control program includes sensor input signals S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5 indicating a sensor state and internal signals F1, F2, F3 and F4 indicating a state of an automated production system. Finally, it consists of output signals (UP, DOWN, BELT1, BELT2) for driving the facilities of the automated production system.
- the BELT1 output signal for driving the belt conveyor 1 is turned on (305).
- the BELT2 output signal for driving the belt conveyor 2 is turned on (307).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing that the PLC control program shown in FIG. 4 is converted into a control intermediate model.
- the control intermediate model is a model in which the output signal is a parent node and the state transition logics affecting the output signal are represented as child nodes.
- the PLC control program is represented by this set of intermediate models.
- Variables in the state transformation logic can also have the state transformation logic below, so when connecting the whole structure, the whole control intermediate model becomes a tree with hierarchical structure.
- the control intermediate model having a tree structure is a structure in which dependency relationships of variables can be extracted.
- the DOWN output signal is turned ON when the timer T2 reaches 4 seconds, the timer T2 is driven when the internal signal F4 is turned ON, and the internal signal F4 is the sensor input signal S2.
- the state is turned on or off (410).
- the UP output signal is turned ON when the timer T1 reaches 8 seconds, the timer T1 is driven when the internal signal F2 is ON, and the internal signal F2 is the sensor input signal S1.
- the state is turned on or off (420).
- BELT2 output signal is turned on when the internal signal F3 is turned on and the internal signal F3 is turned on or off according to the logic of the sensor input signals S2, S4 and S5. 430.
- BELT1 output signal turns ON when the internal signal F1 is ON or F3 is ON, and the internal signal F1 is ON by the logic of the sensor input signals S1, S2 and S3. ) Or the OFF state, and the internal signal F3 is turned ON or OFF by the logic of the sensor input signals S2, S4, and S5 (440).
- FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram of a control intermediate model shown in FIG. 5.
- an error situation occurs when two or more output signals are simultaneously turned on when the PLC control program is driven in a PLC drive system. Since the PLC control program is modified so that the error condition does not occur, the intermediary function of the PLC control program is verified by simplifying the control intermediate model shown in FIG. 5 to analyze only the variables that generate the error condition. Can be performed. This can reduce the search space and shorten the verification time.
- the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal are both turned on at the same time, but the DOWN output signal and the BELT2 output signal are not affected.
- the lower tree of the output signal, the BELT2 output signal is excluded, and as illustrated in FIG. 6, the control intermediate model has only a dependency relationship connected to the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal.
- this simplified method can effectively simplify the verification system.
- the state change characteristic of the PLC driving system that is, the change of the output signal state
- FSM finite state machine
- SMV is a method of verifying whether a system expressed in FSM format is out of specification, and has the advantage of being close to perfect verification because it searches the entire state space.
- the PLC drive system in which the PLC control program is driven must be converted to the SMV format.
- step 1 the external input signal is copied to the internal input memory of the PLC control program (610). As a result, there is no change in the internal input memory in steps other than step 1.
- step 2 the PLC control program is executed sequentially (620). At this time, the result depends on the execution order, so the code order of PLC control program should be observed.
- the execution result of the sequential PLC control program is stored in the output internal memory.
- step 3 the output memory is collectively copied to the output signal (630).
- step 3 it is checked whether an error condition occurs in step 3, and it is checked whether an error condition occurs while changing the input and executing the PLC control program.
- an interlock function verification method of a PLC control program using an SMV is disclosed.
- the PLC drive system from step 1 to the last step is designed to be driven at a predetermined time (640).
- the FSM format used in SMV is a method of describing a specific system by using several state machines having state and transition characteristics.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a driving characteristic of the PLC driving system illustrated in FIG. 7 in FSM format.
- the Step model is for expressing the sequential driving of (Step 1-> Step 2 (Sequential Program Execution)-> Step 3), allowing all logic to be performed in a predetermined order, and input values. It prevents changes during program execution and sets the checkpoint for the output.
- the input values can be changed to any state when the step state is 0, and it is the check point for the output when the step state is 8.
- the remaining step states represent the point of logic execution.
- the Tick model is a time-expression model that makes assumptions about the PLC drive cycle, enabling synchronization between multiple timer variables in the PLC drive system.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating two timer logics illustrated in FIG. 4 represented by an FSM.
- the driving method of logic with actual timer is as follows.
- the timer T1 When the internal signal F2 is turned on (ON), the timer T1 operates and after 8 seconds, the UP output signal is turned on (801).
- the timer T2 operates 4 seconds after the DOWN output signal is turned on (ON) (802).
- the FSM is represented by the UP model, the DOWN model, the T1 model, and the T2 model.
- the timer T1 is designed to change the state by 1 second unit, and the state change occurs by synchronizing with the tick state only when the internal signal F2 is ON, and the state of timer T2 also changes by 1 second unit and the internal signal F4. Only when is in the ON state, the state change occurs in synchronization with the tick state.
- the UP output signal is expressed to change from '0' to '1' when the timer T1 becomes 8 seconds and the PLC logic sequence number is 6, and the DOWN output signal is the same way as the timer T2 becomes 4 seconds and the PLC logic sequence number is At 8, the state transition is expressed to change from '0' to '1'.
- FIG. 10 shows that the input signal state can be changed to 0 or 1 only when Step is 0 in the models of the sensor input signals S1 to S5 shown in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a PLC logic circuit of FIG. 4 represented by an FSM.
- the internal signals F1, F2, and F3 and the output signals BELT1 and BELT2 represent driving characteristics in which signal values are changed by respective logic circuits.
- a situation in which the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal are simultaneously turned on may be expressed as a state of a sensor input signal.
- the interlock function verification method of the PLC control program using the SMV according to the embodiment of the present invention, the relay verification to find the states of the signals to make the output signals at the same time (ON) to generate an error situation using the SMV And a process of correcting the PLC control program so that an error situation does not occur using the state of the signals found as a result of the relay verification and the logic circuit number of the dependency hierarchy shown in FIG. 13.
- PLC control program is designed to mix various conditions and sequences due to design characteristics. Because of this characteristic, in order to check the occurrence of a specific state, if you make a tree structure using signal interdependence and perform relay verification based on this, you can divide the whole problem into several unit problems and verify it. Freedom from the explosion problem (too large search space to explore).
- FIG. 13 shows the dependency hierarchy starting from the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal to verify that the BELT1 output signal and the UP output signal are ON at the same time.
- the logics associated with the UP output signal and the BELT1 output signal are 305 and 306, and the associated internal signals are F1, F2 and F3.
- the logics associated with the internal signals F1, F2, F3 are 301, 302, and 303, and the associated sensor input signals are S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5.
- the verification of the PLC control program having such a structure may be performed by verifying a case where the UP output signal and the BELT1 output signal are turned on at the same time, and using the algorithm shown in FIG. Modifications can be simplified.
- the verification method of the level 1 of FIG. 14 shows the verification method using only the primary dependency relationship shown in FIG.
- the dependency relationship can be verified by leveling down using the following verification procedure.
- the verification method of level 2 of FIG. 14 is a verification method using only the secondary dependency relationship shown in FIG. 13.
- SMV is a formal verification method based on state search. Given the system and characteristics represented by finite state machine (FSM), the model checking algorithm is used to find out whether a given system satisfies the characteristics to be verified. Examine the entire state space to see. If the characteristic is not satisfied, a counter example is given. The disproving example shows the state of the system that does not satisfy the characteristics.
- FSM finite state machine
- the FSM types used in SMV can be summarized in four as Table 1 below.
- Table 1 form Explanation Yes Variable declaration Variable setting of system VAR BELT1: boolean Variable initial value Specifies the initial value of the variable.
- ASSIGN init (BELT1): FALSE Variable state change Specifies how the state of a variable changes.
- ASSIGN next (BELT1): case F1
- FIG. 1 A diagram showing the FSM format used in the system characteristics of the above table is shown in FIG.
- the SMV Specify the system using the SMV input language for the PLC drive system, the PLC control program, and the error condition to be verified.
- the SMV verification program runs, the SMV identifies the status of the signals that generate the error condition, and if an error condition occurs, If you don't, it tells you that no error occurs.
- the level 1 verification uses only three internal signals, two output signals, and two variable state change logics, thereby reducing the state space for SMV verification.
- the hierarchical information it is possible to know the location of PLC control program to be modified.
- Modifying the PLC control program indicates that the PLC control program author checks the position (program number) of the PLC control program suggested in the above procedure, and corrects any mistakes made. If you haven't made it wrong, but you haven't considered it, you can insert additional logic.
- a diagram illustrating the modified result is shown in FIG. 15B.
- the present invention can be used in automated production systems.
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Abstract
Description
형식 | 설명 | 예 |
변수 선언 | 시스템의 변수설정 | VAR BELT1: boolean |
변수 초기값 | 변수의 초기값을 지정해준다. | ASSIGN init(BELT1) := FALSE |
변수 상태변화 | 변수의 상태가 어떻게 변하는지 지정한다. | ASSIGN next(BELT1) := case F1 | F3 : TRUE ; ! (F1 | F3) : FALSE ; |
시스템 특성 | 어떤 식이 항상 FALSE가 되는지 체크 (예: BETL1 & UP 이 항상 FALSE) | INVARSPEC !(BELT1 & UP) |
Claims (3)
- 자동화 생산 시스템을 제어하는 PLC 구동 시스템에서 구동되는 PLC 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법에 있어서,상기 PLC 제어 프로그램을, 출력신호를 부모 노드로 하고 상기 출력신호의 상태변화에 영향을 주는 상태변환로직들을 자식 노드로 표현하는 제어중간모델로 변환하는 단계;상기 PLC 제어 프로그램이 구동됨에 따라 상기 PLC 구동 시스템에서 출력되는 다수의 출력신호들 중 동시에 온(ON) 상태가 되어 상기 자동화 생산 시스템의 동작에 에러상황을 발생하는 출력신호 리스트 정보를 이용하여 상기 제어중간모델을 간략화하는 단계;상기 PLC 구동 시스템 및 상기 간략화된 제어중간모델을 FSM(Finite State Machine) 형식으로 변환하는 단계; 및SMV(Symblic Model Checker)를 이용하여 상기 FSM 형식으로 변환된 간략화된 제어중간모델에서 상기 에러 상황을 발생하는 출력신호 리스트의 출력신호들이 동시에 온(ON)이 되는 상태발생 여부를 파악하는 릴레이 검증을 하여, 상기 에러 상황 발생을 방지하기 위한 인터록 기능이 구현되도록 상기 PLC 제어 프로그램을 수정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 PLC 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제어중간모델을 간략화하는 단계는,상기 에러 상황과 관련이 없는 출력신호 리스트의 출력신호들 및 해당 출력신호들의 상태변환로직들을 상기 제어중간모델에서 제거하여, 상기 제어중간모델을 간략화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 PLC 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 에러 상황 발생을 방지하기 위한 인터록 기능이 구현되도록 상기 PLC 제어 프로그램을 수정하는 단계는,상기 에러 상황을 발생하는 출력신호 리스트의 출력신호들을 발생하는 의존관계 계층구조를 생성하고, 상기 의존관계 계층구조에 기초하여 단계적으로 상기 에러 상황을 발생하는 출력신호 리스트의 출력신호들이 동시에 온(ON)이 되는 상태발생 여부를 파악하는 것을 특징으로 하는 PLC 제어 프로그램의 인터록 기능 검증방법.
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WO2016209221A1 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2016-12-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Control contextualization and reasoning about control |
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KR20040041906A (ko) * | 2002-11-12 | 2004-05-20 | 우광일 | 공장자동화설비를 위한 안전관리 시스템 및 방법 |
KR20100054947A (ko) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-26 | 주식회사 유디엠텍 | 피엘씨 코드 테스트 장치 모델링 방법 |
WO2010071101A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理システム、基板処理方法およびプログラムを記憶した記憶媒体 |
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KR101254598B1 (ko) | 2013-04-15 |
US20150268655A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
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