WO2014024468A1 - Noise source visualization system, noise source visualization device, program for noise source visualization, and noise source visualization method - Google Patents

Abstract

A noise source visualization system comprises: a circuit simulator which, using design data, outputs information which denotes transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components which configure an electrical circuit; a representative spectrum determination unit which determines a spectrum of a representative electrical signal from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components; a representative spectrum component calculation unit which outputs information including a size of a component of a spectrum of a representative electrical signal which is included in a peripheral electromagnetic field spectrum; a representative spectrum location extraction unit which outputs a location upon the electrical circuit substrate of the spectrum of the representative electrical signal; an overlay image generation unit which, with respect to an image which is captured by an image capture unit, in the location of the representative electrical signal upon the electrical circuit substrate, superpositions a marker having a size corresponding to the component of the spectrum of the representative electrical signal: and a display unit which displays the image with the marker superpositioned thereupon.

Description

Noise source visualization system, noise source visualization device, noise source visualization program, and noise source visualization method

The present disclosure relates to a noise source visualization system, a noise source visualization device, a noise source visualization program, and a noise source visualization method that support specification of a generation location of an electromagnetic wave generated from an operating electric circuit board.

In manufacturing and sales of electronic equipment, EMC (Electro-Magnetic Compatibility) measures are indispensable, satisfying the electromagnetic field strength regulation guidelines for each frequency prescribed by the VCCI Association in Japan, and the guidelines prescribed by CISPR worldwide. Must be met before shipping to market.

Accurately predicting that the electromagnetic waves in question will be emitted at the time of circuit board design means that the calculation time of the electromagnetic simulator is relatively large with respect to the development period, and the simulation model is sufficiently accurate. Since it does not agree with the actual radiation phenomenon unless it is prepared, it is practically impossible. In general, a circuit board is prototyped, the circuit board is operated in an anechoic chamber, the surrounding electromagnetic field intensity spectrum is observed with a spectrum analyzer, and it is verified whether or not EMC regulatory guidelines are satisfied ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

By the way, with the advent of new power devices such as transistors and diodes using materials such as GaN (gallium nitride) and SiC (silicon carbide), power electronics circuits such as DC-DC converters (hereinafter referred to as “power electronics circuits”) However, the switching frequency is being increased. This is because the new power device has better switching characteristics than conventional power devices that use Si (silicon), and it is possible to reduce the passive components such as inductors and capacitors used in the circuit by increasing the frequency. At the same time, energy saving and cost reduction by DC power supply can be expected. However, due to such a high frequency, an increase in the cost of EMC countermeasures has become a problem for electromagnetic waves radiated from the circuit board. Since a power electronics circuit is different from a digital circuit, it is difficult to search for a source of electromagnetic waves while partially operating only a part of the circuit. In addition, the radiation pattern changes due to fluctuations in the load of a motor or the like connected to the power electronics circuit. Eventually, the electromagnetic wave is invisible, so the source on the circuit board must be estimated while modifying the prototype using the electromagnetic field intensity spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 is a prior art for pseudo-visualizing such invisible physical phenomena in the real world.

JP 2000-74969 A

However, in the prior art, Augmented Reality (hereinafter abbreviated as “AR”) simply visualizes the electromagnetic field strength in an invisible space in the real world and generates multiple noises on the circuit board. If sources exist, it is difficult to identify them.

The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to compare the operation characteristics of the circuit by the circuit simulator and the electromagnetic field intensity observed by the spectrum analyzer, and to detect the electromagnetic waves generated from the operating electric circuit board. The object of the present invention is to provide a noise source visualization system, a noise source visualization device, a noise source visualization program, and a noise source visualization method that assist the identification by visualizing each occurrence location.

A noise source visualization system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes:
A circuit design database for storing circuit design data of an electric circuit board composed of a plurality of electronic components;
A circuit simulator that outputs information indicating transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components constituting the electrical circuit, using circuit design data stored in the circuit design database;
A representative spectrum determining unit for determining a spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components;
A spectrum analyzer for measuring the spectrum of the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum component calculation unit that outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the ambient electromagnetic field;
An AR processing unit that outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from position information of the AR tag held in advance using an image of the electric circuit board including the AR tag imaged by the imaging unit;
A PCB design database for storing board design data of the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum position extraction unit that outputs information indicating a position of the spectrum of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the information indicating the three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board and the board design data; ,
According to the spectrum component of the representative electrical signal at the position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal output from the representative spectrum position extraction unit with respect to the image captured by the imaging unit. An overlay image generator that superimposes a marker having a size and generates an image in which the marker is superimposed;
A display unit that displays an image on which the marker output from the overlay image generation unit is superimposed.

According to the present disclosure, since the intensity of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the noise source toward the spectrum analyzer is visualized in a pseudo manner from the noise source, the circuit designer can intuitively perceive the problematic noise source. It becomes possible.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the noise source visualization system in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of circuit design data according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of an electronic circuit in Embodiment 1; The figure which shows the character information contained in the circuit design data shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a net list in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 shows an example of substrate design data in the first embodiment. The figure which shows an example which mounted a part of electronic circuit shown in FIG. 3 on the board | substrate. The figure which shows an example of the board | substrate design data expressing the pattern of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a usage example of the noise source visualization system according to the first embodiment. The figure which shows an example of each data stored in the circuit design database and PCB design database in Embodiment 1, and its correspondence. The figure which shows the processing flow in the noise source visualization system of Embodiment 1. FIG. The circuit simulator in Embodiment 1 shows an example which analyzed the time change waveform of the current about the node of a circuit design database. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example in which the representative spectrum determining unit in the first embodiment calculates a power spectrum for the time-varying waveform in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the representative spectrum determination unit in the first embodiment performs clustering on the power spectrum of FIG. 13. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an equation of a dimensional compression process performed by the representative spectral component calculation unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 shows an example of a power spectrum measured by the spectrum analyzer in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an equation of a process of calculating a cluster component content rate performed by a representative spectral component calculation unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the representative spectrum position extraction unit according to Embodiment 1 determines the three-dimensional position of a node i. The overlay image generation part in Embodiment 1 shows an example which draws a marker with respect to a node (i = 1) and a node (i = 4).

A noise source visualization system according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes a circuit design database that stores circuit design data of an electric circuit board including a plurality of electronic components,
A circuit simulator that outputs information indicating transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components constituting the electrical circuit, using circuit design data stored in the circuit design database;
A representative spectrum determining unit for determining a spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components;
A spectrum analyzer for measuring the spectrum of the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum component calculation unit that outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the ambient electromagnetic field;
An AR processing unit that outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from position information of the AR tag held in advance using an image of the electric circuit board including the AR tag imaged by the imaging unit;
A PCB design database for storing board design data of the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum position extraction unit that outputs information indicating a position of the spectrum of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the information indicating the three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board and the board design data; ,
According to the spectrum component of the representative electrical signal at the position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal output from the representative spectrum position extraction unit with respect to the image captured by the imaging unit. An overlay image generator that superimposes a marker having a size and generates an image in which the marker is superimposed;
A display unit for displaying an image on which the marker output from the overlay image generation unit is superimposed;
Is provided.

The noise source visualization system configured as described above automatically estimates the source of noise radiated from the power electronics circuit board. For the actual image (actual image) of the power electronics circuit board, the source of the noise is determined. By automatically displaying the automatically estimated information, the designer can directly observe the source of the invisible electromagnetic wave through the display unit, and can quickly perceive the source. Become.

In the noise source visualization system according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum determination unit according to the first aspect performs clustering by normalizing the spectrum of the electrical signal output from the circuit simulator, and averages the clusters. You may comprise so that a spectrum with the largest power may be output as a representative spectrum.

In the noise source visualization system according to the third aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the first aspect is divided into a number of discrete frequencies with respect to a matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. You may comprise so that it may compress and convert to a square matrix.

In the noise source visualization system according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the first aspect is dimensionalized with respect to a matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. When compressing and converting to a square matrix, dimensional compression may be performed using a singular value decomposition method.

The noise source visualization system according to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure is the same as the method in which the representative spectrum component calculation unit in the first aspect is dimensionally compressed with respect to the power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. You may comprise so that dimension compression may be carried out by the method.

In the noise source visualization system according to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the first aspect uses a dimension to calculate a representative spectrum component included in the power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. A simultaneous linear equation of the compressed power spectrum and the dimensionally compressed representative spectrum matrix may be calculated.

In the noise source visualization system according to the seventh aspect of the present disclosure, the overlay image generation unit according to the first aspect has a length proportional to the magnitude of the component of the representative spectrum output by the representative spectrum component calculation unit. The marker may be drawn so as to go from the node on the circuit board having the representative spectrum toward the spectrum analyzer.

In the noise source visualization system according to the eighth aspect of the present disclosure, the AR processing unit in the first aspect is imaged by the imaging unit with the AR tag silk-printed on the electric circuit board, and the three-dimensional positional relationship is obtained. You may comprise so that it may calculate.

In the noise source visualization device according to the ninth aspect of the present disclosure,
A circuit simulator that outputs information indicating transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components constituting the electrical circuit, using circuit design data of an electrical circuit board composed of a plurality of electronic components, and
A representative spectrum determining unit for determining a spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components;
A representative spectrum component calculation unit that outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the surrounding electromagnetic field of the electric circuit board measured by a spectrum analyzer;
An AR processing unit that outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from position information of the AR tag held in advance using an image of the electric circuit board including the AR tag imaged by the imaging unit;
A representative spectrum that outputs information indicating the position of the spectrum of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using information indicating the three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board and board design data of the electric circuit board. A position extractor;
According to the spectrum component of the representative electrical signal at the position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal output from the representative spectrum position extraction unit with respect to the image captured by the imaging unit. An overlay image generation unit that superimposes a marker having a size, generates an image on which the marker is superimposed, and outputs the generated image to the outside of the apparatus.

According to the noise source visualization apparatus configured as described above, the noise generation source radiated from the power electronics circuit board is automatically estimated, and the noise of the actual image (actual image) of the power electronics circuit board is estimated. It is possible to superimpose information that automatically estimates the generation source. Therefore, by using the noise source visualization device, the designer can directly observe the generation source of the invisible electromagnetic wave through the display unit, and can quickly perceive the generation source. .

In the noise source visualization device according to the tenth aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum determination unit according to the ninth aspect normalizes and clusters the spectrum of the electrical signal output from the circuit simulator, and average power in the cluster May be configured to output a spectrum having the maximum as a representative spectrum.

In the noise source visualization device according to the eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the ninth aspect performs dimension compression on the number of discrete frequencies for a matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. Then, it may be configured to convert to a square matrix.

In the noise source visualization device according to the twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the ninth aspect performs dimensional compression on the number of discrete frequencies for a matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. When converting to a square matrix, dimensional compression may be performed using a singular value decomposition method.

The noise source visualization device according to the thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure is the same as the method in which the representative spectrum component calculation unit in the ninth aspect performs dimension compression on a matrix in which representative spectra are arranged for the power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. You may comprise so that dimension compression may be carried out by the method.

In a noise source visualization device according to a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the representative spectrum component calculation unit according to the ninth aspect performs dimension compression so as to calculate a representative spectrum component included in a power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. The system may be configured to calculate simultaneous linear equations of the power spectrum and the dimensionally compressed representative spectrum matrix.

In a noise source visualization device according to a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the overlay image generation unit according to the ninth aspect has a length proportional to the magnitude of a representative spectrum component output by the representative spectrum component calculation unit. You may comprise so that a marker may be drawn so that it may go to the direction of the said spectrum analyzer from the node on a circuit board with a representative spectrum.

In a noise source visualization device according to a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the AR processing unit according to the ninth aspect calculates a three-dimensional positional relationship by imaging the AR tag silk-printed on the electric circuit board with the imaging unit. You may comprise.

The program for noise source visualization according to the seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure is a program executed by a computer,
A circuit simulation step of performing circuit simulation using circuit design data of the electric circuit board stored in the circuit design database, and outputting a transient characteristic of an electric signal of each electronic component constituting the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum determining step of selecting representative electrical signals having different frequency spectra among the electrical signals;
A representative spectral component calculation step for outputting a component of a spectrum of the representative electric signal included in a spectrum of a surrounding electromagnetic field of the electric circuit board measured by a spectrum analyzer during operation of the electric circuit board;
An AR processing step of outputting a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from an AR tag attached to the electric circuit board using an image of the electric circuit board imaged by the imaging unit;
A representative spectral position extracting step of outputting a position of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the board design data of the electric circuit board stored in a PCB design database;
The representative electrical signal has a size corresponding to a spectrum component, and a marker is drawn at a position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal so as to face the spectrum analyzer, Overlay image generation step of projecting as a two-dimensional image superimposed on the actual image of the imaging unit;
Displaying a two-dimensional image projected with the marker superimposed on the real image.

According to the noise source visualization program including the above steps, the noise generation source radiated from the power electronics circuit board is automatically estimated, and the noise on the actual image (actual image) of the power electronics circuit board is calculated. It is possible to superimpose information obtained by automatically estimating the generation source. Therefore, by using a program for visualizing the noise source, the designer can directly observe the invisible electromagnetic wave generation source through the display unit, and can quickly perceive the generation source. It becomes possible.

The noise source visualization method according to the eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure includes:
A circuit simulation step of performing circuit simulation using circuit design data of the electric circuit board stored in the circuit design database, and outputting a transient characteristic of an electric signal of each electronic component constituting the electric circuit board;
A representative spectrum determining step of selecting representative electrical signals having different frequency spectra among the electrical signals;
A representative spectrum component calculation step of outputting a component of the spectrum of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board measured by the spectrum analyzer during the operation of the electric circuit board;
An AR processing step of outputting a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from an AR tag attached to the electric circuit board using an image of the electric circuit board imaged by the imaging unit;
A representative spectral position extracting step of outputting a position of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the board design data of the electric circuit board stored in a PCB design database;
The representative electrical signal has a size corresponding to a spectrum component, and a marker is drawn at a position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal so as to face the spectrum analyzer, Overlay image generation step of projecting as a two-dimensional image superimposed on the actual image of the imaging unit;
Displaying a two-dimensional image projected with the marker superimposed on the real image.

According to the noise source visualization method including the above-described steps, the noise generation source radiated from the power electronics circuit board is automatically estimated, and the noise generation source for the actual image (actual image) of the power electronics circuit board is obtained. It is possible to superimpose information that is automatically estimated. Therefore, by using the noise source visualization method, the designer can directly observe the generation source of the invisible electromagnetic wave through the display unit, and can quickly perceive the generation source. .

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. However, more detailed description than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of already well-known matters and repeated descriptions for substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily redundant and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

The inventor (s) provides the accompanying drawings and the following description in order for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and is intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims. Not intended.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a functional block configuration of the noise source visualization system 113 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the noise source visualization system 113 according to the first embodiment includes a circuit design database 101, a spectrum analyzer (sparener) 104, an imaging unit 106, a PCB design database 108, a display unit 111, and noise. A source visualization device 1130.

A noise source visualization apparatus 1130 shown in FIG. 1 includes a circuit simulator 102, a representative spectrum determination unit 103, a representative spectrum component calculation unit 105, an AR processing unit 107, a representative spectrum position extraction unit 109, and an overlay image generation unit 110. And at least. 1 is connected to the circuit design database 101, the spectrum analyzer 104, the imaging unit 106, the PCB design database 108, and the display unit 111 by wire or wireless, respectively. , Configured to transmit and / or receive information.

Hereinafter, each component in the noise source visualization system 113 of Embodiment 1 will be described.

The circuit design database 101 stores circuit design data of the electric circuit board 112 that is an inspection object. The electric circuit of the electric circuit board 112 is composed of a plurality of electronic components. The plurality of electronic components on the electric circuit board 112 are electrically connected to each other. Hereinafter, each of the plurality of electronic components on the electric circuit board 112 is also referred to as a “circuit node”. Note that the circuit design database 101 may hold the correspondence relationship between the circuit nodes on the electric circuit board 112 and the circuit nodes included in the circuit design data as data.

Examples of circuit design data include circuit node type information, circuit node information, circuit node characteristics, circuit node terminal connection information, and circuit node terminal connection information. is there.

<Specific examples of circuit design data>
FIG. 2 shows an example of circuit design data. In FIG. 2, the information shown in the frame of the symbol X represents “Pin 1 of component R_R 46 is connected to net name OUTPUT and Pin 2 is connected to net name N16998050”. The circuit design data will be described below with a specific example.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an electronic circuit. The electronic circuit shown in FIG. 3 includes a power source Vin, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a capacitor C1. The power source Vin is electrically connected to the ground and the first net name t1. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are electrically connected to the first net name t1 and the second net name t2. The capacitor C1 is electrically connected between the second net name t2 and the ground.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing character information included in the circuit design data shown in FIG. In the present disclosure, the circuit design data includes character information and diagram information. “Character information” is circuit information in which electronic components and connection information between the electronic components are represented by character strings. “Figure information” is information that schematically represents the electronic component and connection information between the electronic components. Hereinafter, the character information included in the circuit design data is also referred to as a “net list”.

4 includes electronic component type information 901, information 902 for specifying the electronic component, and connection information 903 between terminals of the electronic component. In the net list, information about one electronic component is described for each row.

(1) shown in FIG. 4 means that the first resistor R1 is connected between the first net name t1 and the second net name t2. (2) shown in FIG. 4 means that the second resistor R2 is connected between the first net name t1 and the second net name t2. (3) shown in FIG. 4 means that the capacitor C is connected between the second net name t2 and the ground (net name 0). The value “0” shown in FIG. 4 means ground. (4) shown in FIG. 4 means that the power source Vin is connected between the first net name t1 and the ground.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the netlists 1201 and 1211.
The netlist 1201 as an example shown in FIG. 5 includes information for specifying an electronic component, a terminal of the electronic component, and a circuit node connected to the terminal. Hereinafter, the terminal of the electronic component is also referred to as “pin name”. The circuit node connected to the terminal corresponds to “net ID”.

The net name 1202 in FIG. 5 means a circuit node to which the first terminal of the electronic component is connected. A net name exists for each terminal of an electronic component. Therefore, the number of net names corresponds to the number of terminals of the electronic component.

The netlist 1211 as an example illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a plurality of pieces of information. Specifically, the net list 1211 is similar to the above-described component ID, “component name” which is information on the type of electronic component, “pin name” which is information on the terminal of the electronic component, and the net ID. "Net name" indicating the meaning of.
The net list is created by, for example, an ASCII text file.

In addition, information on the type of electronic component may be included in the character string of the component ID. For example, the part ID of resistance includes the initial “R” in the character string.
Further, the characteristic of the electronic component may be included in the character string of the component ID. For example, the component ID includes a resistor size (1.6 mm), a resistor shape (square), a resistance value (100Ω), and the like in a character string.

The circuit simulator 102 simulates the transient characteristics of the voltage and current of the circuit node based on the circuit design data stored in the circuit design database 101, and outputs the information. For example, the circuit simulator 102 may be configured with a SPICE simulator.

The representative spectrum determination unit 103 selects and determines the spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from the electrical signals of the circuit nodes that the circuit simulator 102 simulates.

The spectrum analyzer 104 measures the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board 112 during the operation of the electric circuit board 112. The spectrum analyzer 104 preferably measures the entire peripheral magnetic field of the electric circuit board 112. The spectrum analyzer 104 records the positional relationship between the measured peripheral electromagnetic field and the main body (spectrum analyzer 104) at the time of measurement in association with each other.

The representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the electrical signal included in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field measured by the spectrum analyzer 104.

The imaging unit 106 captures an image of the electric circuit board 112. The imaging unit 106 is a camera, for example. The imaging unit 106 records the captured image and the positional relationship of the imaging unit 106 at the time of imaging in association with each other.

The AR processing unit 107 outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship between the electric circuit board 112 and the spectrum analyzer 104 (sensor) from the AR tag attached to the electric circuit board 112.

In the PCB design database 108 (PCB: Printed Circuit Board), board design data relating to the electric circuit board 112 is stored. An example of the board design data of the electric circuit board 112 is information that associates information for specifying a circuit node with a positional relationship of each circuit node on the electric circuit board 112.

<Specific examples of board design data>
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the board design data. In FIG. 6, the information shown in the frame of the symbol Y expresses “net name SIGN9 connects pin 1 of component R5 and pin 2 of component R6”. Further, in FIG. 6, the information shown in the frame of the symbol Z represents “the pattern shape of the net name SIGN 77 (coordinates and shapes of component points, line segment width, etc.)”. Hereinafter, the board design data will be described with specific examples.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example in which a part of the electronic circuit shown in FIG. 3 is mounted on a substrate. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected to the pattern of the first net name t1 and the pattern of the second net name t2, respectively.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the board design data expressing the pattern of FIG. The board design data is created by, for example, an ASCII text file.

The board design data is managed for each plane, and is managed by assigning a wiring layer ID to distinguish the plane. For example, E01 shown in FIG. 8 draws the wiring of the net name t1 in the wiring layer a1 with a straight line of width 3 from the coordinates (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) because the graphic indicator is line. Means. In addition to line, for example, a circle indicating a circular arc exists as a graphic indicator. The wiring layer a1 is a wiring layer on the surface of the substrate shown in FIG.

The representative spectrum position extraction unit 109 extracts the position of the representative electric signal selected by the representative spectrum determination unit 103 on the electric circuit board 112 and uses the extracted information.

The overlay image generation unit 110 has a magnitude corresponding to the spectrum component of the electrical signal calculated by the representative spectrum component calculation unit 105, and a spectrum that is a sensor from the position on the electric circuit board 112 determined by the representative spectrum position extraction unit 109. A marker (for example, an arrow) heading toward the analyzer 104 is drawn, and a two-dimensional image is generated by superimposing the marker on the actual image of the imaging unit 106.

The display unit 111 displays the two-dimensional image generated by the overlay image generation unit 110.

<Use scene of noise source visualization system 113>
FIG. 9 shows a usage scene in which the electric circuit board 112 is observed by the noise source visualization system 113 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 9, the noise source visualization system 113 shown on the lower side shows a surface 113 </ b> A on the inspection object side that is the opposite side of the display unit 113. That is, on the surface 113A on the inspection object side of the noise source visualization system 113, the camera as the imaging unit 106 and the measurement unit (sensor) of the spectrum analyzer 104 are exposed.

The designer of the electric circuit board 112 uses the noise source visualization system 113 to observe the electric circuit board 112 that is the inspection object. An AR tag 201 is silk-printed on the electric circuit board 112.

FIG. 9 shows a case where the AR tag 201 provided on the electric circuit board 112 is included in the imaging range of the imaging unit 106.

A marker (arrow) 202 representing an electromagnetic wave radiated from the electric circuit board 112 is superimposed on a real image of the electric circuit board 112 picked up by the imaging unit 106, and an image on which the marker 202 is superimposed is displayed on the display unit 111. Is done.

<Example of Circuit Design Database 101 and PCB Design Database 108>
FIG. 10 shows an example of data stored in the circuit design database 101 (FIG. 10A) and the PCB design database 108 (FIG. 10B).

In the circuit design database 101, circuit design data of the electric circuit board 112 is recorded. An example of the circuit design data of the electric circuit board 112 is a net list for the SPICE simulator.

The information of each node in the circuit design data recorded in the circuit design database 101 has a one-to-one correspondence with the position information of the copper foil pattern (wiring pattern) of the electric circuit board 112 recorded in the PCB design database 108.

For example, the node 301 in the circuit design data shown in FIG. 10A corresponds to the pattern 302 in the copper foil pattern shown in FIG. Further, the circuit node 303 in the circuit design data shown in FIG. 10A corresponds to the circuit pattern 304 in the copper foil pattern shown in FIG. The format of the netlist is disclosed by a known SPICE simulator and is widely used. The following are known documents describing the SPICE simulator. Nagel, L. W, and Pederson, D. O., SPICE (Simulation Program withIntegrated Circuit Emphasis), Memorandum No. ERL-M382, UniversityofCalifornia, ofBerkeley, Apr. 1973

<Processing of noise source visualization system 113>
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the processing of the noise source visualization system 113.

(Step S1)
The circuit simulator 102 acquires, from the circuit design database 101, information (circuit node information) on a plurality of circuit nodes constituting the electrical circuit board 112 that is the inspection target. The circuit simulator 102 performs a transient analysis of the current of each circuit node based on the acquired plurality of circuit node information, and calculates a time change of the current. Examples of multiple circuit node information include circuit node type information, circuit node identification information, circuit node characteristics, circuit node terminal connection information, and circuit node terminal connection information. Information.

The circuit simulator 102 outputs the time-varying waveform of the current of the circuit node i (i = 1, 2,..., N) as xi (t).

FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram showing a result of simulating a time-varying waveform of current. In FIG. 12, the vertical axis indicates the current value, and the horizontal axis indicates time. The simulation result shown in FIG. 12 includes a waveform 401 (i = 1), a waveform 402 (i = 2), a waveform 403 (i = 3), and a waveform 404 (i = 4).

(Step S2)
The representative spectrum determination unit 103 performs a discrete Fourier transform on the time change (xi (t)) of the current, and calculates a power spectrum Xi (f). Here, the frequency f is a discrete value.

FIG. 13 is a waveform diagram showing the result of calculating the power spectrum. In FIG. 13, the vertical axis represents intensity, and the horizontal axis represents frequency. The power spectrum waveform 501, the waveform 502, the waveform 503, and the waveform 504 illustrated in FIG. 13 are the waveform 401 (i = 1), the waveform 402 (i = 2), the waveform 403 (i = 3), and the waveform 404 illustrated in FIG. It is the result of calculating each of (i = 4).

(Step S3)
The representative spectrum determination unit 103 clusters power spectra. For example, a spectrum obtained by normalizing a plurality of Xi (f) with the maximum power value Xi (f_max) is obtained using a clustering method such as the k-means method. The degree of similarity between a plurality of spectra obtained by normalization is obtained, and spectra having a degree of similarity greater than or equal to a predetermined cluster are clustered and grouped into a plurality (m> 1) of clusters.

The representative spectrum determination unit 103 determines a representative spectrum for each cluster. For example, in each cluster, the power spectrum having the maximum ΣXi (f) is determined, and the determined power spectrum is output as the cluster representative spectrum Cj (f) (j = 1, 2,..., N). Each representative spectrum has a frequency spectrum different from the other representative spectra.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a result of the representative spectrum determination unit 103 determining the representative spectrum Cj (f). For example, the power spectra 501 and 503 shown in FIG. 13 are clustered into the first cluster 601, and the power spectra 502 and 504 shown in FIG. 13 are clustered into the second cluster 602. The representative spectrum determination unit 103 determines X1 (f) as the cluster representative spectrum C1 (f) from the first cluster 601 and X4 (f) as the cluster representative spectrum C2 (f) from the second cluster 602. decide. For example, the power spectrum having the maximum maximum power among the power spectra included in the cluster is determined as the representative spectrum.

(Step S4)
The representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 performs dimension compression of f for each representative spectrum Cj (f) determined by the representative spectrum determination unit 103.

Here, if the number of discrete frequencies constituting f is N / 2, Cj (f) is composed of N / 2 elements as shown in Expression 701 in FIG.

The matrix C (f) in which all the representative spectra are arranged is an N / 2 × m matrix as shown in the equation 702 in FIG.

Dimensional compression can use a known method. For example, by applying a known matrix singular value decomposition method (SVD method, Singular Value Decompsition) to C (f), the frequency represented by N / 2 elements is expressed as shown in Expression 703 in FIG. Then, compression is performed up to the same number of elements as the number of clusters (m in the example of FIG. 15). The frequency compressed in this way is expressed as ff. The dimension-compressed C (f) is defined as C (ff). As shown in Expression 704 in FIG. 15, C (ff) is an m × m square matrix.

In addition, the following steps S11 and S12 may be performed in parallel with the processing of steps S1-S4.

(Step S11)
The power spectrum of the electromagnetic field of the electric circuit board 112 is measured by the spectrum analyzer 104. FIG. 16 shows the measured power spectrum 801 (Po (f)).

(Step S12)
The representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 converts the power spectrum 801 into Po (ff) as shown by the equation 802 in FIG. 17 by the same dimension compression 703 as when C (ff) was generated.

(Step S21)
The representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 uses the information obtained by dimensional compression of each representative spectrum obtained in step S4 and the information obtained by dimensional compression of the power spectrum obtained in step S12. Determine the size (eg, ratio).

Specifically, the representative spectral component calculation unit 105 solves α of the m-dimensional simultaneous linear equation shown in the equation 803 in FIG. 17 with αi as the content ratio of Cj with respect to Po (ff) and outputs it.

(Step S22)
The representative spectrum position extraction unit 109 refers to the PCB design database 108 and extracts the position on the electric circuit board 112 for each of the plurality of representative spectra determined by the representative spectrum determination unit 103. As a position to be extracted, a relative position with respect to a predetermined reference position on the electric circuit board 112 is extracted. The predetermined reference position may be a position based on the position of an AR tag 201 described later, or may be one of the four corners of the electric circuit board 112.

For example, the representative spectrum position extraction unit 109 refers to the information in the PCB design database 108 to obtain the three-dimensional position of the representative spectrum Cj determined by the representative spectrum determination unit 103 on the electric circuit board 112 as Pos (i).

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 18, the three-dimensional position Pos (i) of the circuit node i existing at the position 901 of the node i is a three-dimensional relative to the position of the AR tag 201 attached to the electric circuit board 112. It is expressed by coordinates 902 (x 0 — _i , y 0 — _i , z 0 — _i ).

(Step S31)
The AR processing unit 107 acquires image data captured by the imaging unit 106. The AR processing unit 107 acquires a predetermined reference position (for example, the position of the AR tag 201) from the image data in advance. Based on the acquired predetermined reference position in the image data, a position corresponding to the position of the representative spectrum acquired by the representative spectrum position extraction unit 109 is determined.

The AR processing unit 107 gives the data of the three-dimensional positional relationship relative to the imaging unit 106 to the image data of the electric circuit board 112 including the AR tag 201 imaged by the imaging unit 106. The calculation of the three-dimensional positional relationship by the AR processing unit 107 is performed by the following known technique, for example.
Kato, H., Billinghurst, M. (1999) Marker Tracking and HMD Calibration for a video-based Augmented Reality Conferencing System.InProceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Augmented Reality (IWAR 99) .October, San Francisco, USA.

(Step S32)
The overlay image generation unit 110 displays a noise source in the image captured by the imaging unit 106 based on the information calculated by the representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 and the position information determined by the AR processing unit 107.

Based on the three-dimensional positional relationship between the spectrum analyzer 104 and the imaging unit 106 that the AR processing unit 107 holds in advance, the overlay image generation unit 110 outputs the three-dimensional position Pos ( Using i) as a starting point, three-dimensional drawing data is formed by using an arrow of length αi as a marker toward the three-dimensional position of the spectrum analyzer 104. The three-dimensional drawing data formed as the marker is two-dimensionally projected on the actual image of the imaging unit 106 and output to the display unit 111.

For example, when the representative spectrum component calculation unit 105 obtains values of α1 = 0.3 and α2 = 0.6 for the power spectrum 801 shown in FIG. 16, as shown in FIG. The arrows are three-dimensionally drawn from the positions Pos (1) and Pos (4) like the marker 1001 of the node 1 and the marker 1002 of the node 2. For example, the arrows of the markers 1001 and 1002 are displayed so as to face the spectrum analyzer 104. In the present disclosure, the “marker” means information indicating the position (starting point of an arrow) and the size (length of an arrow) of a noise source.

The output image is displayed on the display unit 111 and displayed on the display unit 111 as shown in FIGS.

Note that steps S1 to S22 shown in FIG. 11 may be performed in advance, and the information on the representative spectrum and the information on the position of the representative spectrum may be held in a recording unit (not shown) in the noise source visualization device.

In the noise source visualization system 113 and the noise source visualization device 1130 according to the first embodiment configured as described above, when the observer or the designer moves the noise source visualization system 113 (noise source visualization device 1130), The display of the marker on the inspection object is also updated and moved according to the movement. Therefore, it is possible to easily and sensibly perceive the generation source and the magnitude of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the inspection object (for example, the electric circuit board 112). In addition, when there is a wiring on the upper part of the electric circuit board as the inspection object and the influence on the wiring is a problem, the marker is superimposed on the electric circuit board in that situation. It is possible to visually guess the noise source.

In this embodiment, it is also possible to observe only the generation source of a specific frequency by drawing the marker by adding the intensity of the preselected frequency to αi. Furthermore, by setting the upper limit value of each frequency such as the EMC regulation value and the measurement distance from the electric circuit board as an offset, the offset value is subtracted from the intensity of the specific frequency and added to αi, and further the spectrum analyzer By drawing a marker when the distance between the electric circuit board and the electric circuit board is out of the predetermined measurement distance, it is possible to intuitively perceive the degree of deviation from the EMC regulation value.

EMC measures are indispensable for the development of energy-saving equipment using new power devices, and the effect that enables ordinary designers to implement EMC measures that have been relied on intuition and experience by experienced designers of power electronics circuits. There is a possibility that it will be widely used in development sites for energy-saving equipment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Circuit design database 102 Circuit simulator 103 Representative spectrum determination part 104 Spectrum analyzer 105 Representative spectrum component calculation part 106 Imaging part 107 AR processing part 108 PCB design database 109 Representative spectrum position extraction part 110 Overlay image generation part 111 Display part 112 Electric circuit board 113 Noise source visualization system 201 AR tag 202 Marker 1001 Node 1 marker 1002 Node 2 marker

Claims (18)

1. A circuit design database for storing circuit design data of an electric circuit board composed of a plurality of electronic components;
   A circuit simulator that outputs information indicating transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components constituting the electrical circuit, using circuit design data stored in the circuit design database;
   A representative spectrum determining unit for determining a spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components;
   A spectrum analyzer for measuring the spectrum of the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board;
   A representative spectrum component calculation unit that outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the ambient electromagnetic field;
   An AR processing unit that outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from position information of the AR tag held in advance using an image of the electric circuit board including the AR tag imaged by the imaging unit;
   A PCB design database for storing board design data of the electric circuit board;
   A representative spectrum position extraction unit that outputs information indicating a position of the spectrum of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the information indicating the three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board and the board design data; ,
   According to the spectrum component of the representative electrical signal at the position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal output from the representative spectrum position extraction unit with respect to the image captured by the imaging unit. An overlay image generator that superimposes a marker having a size and generates an image in which the marker is superimposed;
   A display unit for displaying an image on which the marker output from the overlay image generation unit is superimposed;
   Noise source visualization system with
2. The representative spectrum determination unit is configured to normalize and cluster the spectrum of an electrical signal output from the circuit simulator, and output a spectrum having the maximum average power among the clusters as a representative spectrum. Noise source visualization system.
3. The noise source according to claim 1, wherein the representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to dimensionally compress the number of discrete frequencies and convert the matrix into a square matrix with respect to a matrix in which representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. Visualization system.
4. The representative spectrum component calculation unit uses a singular value decomposition method to convert the number of discrete frequencies into a square matrix by dimensionally compressing the number of discrete frequencies for the matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. The noise source visualization system of claim 1, wherein the noise source visualization system is configured to perform compression.
5. 2. The noise source visualization according to claim 1, wherein the representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to perform dimensional compression on a power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer in the same manner as a dimensional compression method of a matrix in which representative spectra are arranged. system.
6. The representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to calculate simultaneous linear equations of a dimensionally compressed power spectrum and a dimensionally compressed representative spectrum matrix in order to calculate a representative spectrum component included in a power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. The noise source visualization system according to claim 1.
7. The overlay image generation unit has a length proportional to the magnitude of the component of the representative spectrum output from the representative spectrum component calculation unit, and is directed from the node on the circuit board having the representative spectrum toward the spectrum analyzer. The noise source visualization system of claim 1, configured to draw a marker.
8. The noise source visualization system according to claim 1, wherein the AR processing unit is configured to calculate a three-dimensional positional relationship by imaging an AR tag silk-printed on the electric circuit board by the imaging unit.
9. A circuit simulator that outputs information indicating transient characteristics of electrical signals of a plurality of electronic components constituting the electrical circuit, using circuit design data of an electrical circuit board composed of a plurality of electronic components, and
   A representative spectrum determining unit for determining a spectrum of a representative electrical signal having a different frequency spectrum from among the electrical signals of the plurality of electronic components;
   A representative spectrum component calculation unit that outputs information including the magnitude of the spectrum component of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the surrounding electromagnetic field of the electric circuit board measured by a spectrum analyzer;
   An AR processing unit that outputs information indicating a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from position information of the AR tag held in advance using an image of the electric circuit board including the AR tag imaged by the imaging unit;
   A representative spectrum that outputs information indicating the position of the spectrum of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using information indicating the three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board and board design data of the electric circuit board. A position extractor;
   According to the spectrum component of the representative electrical signal at the position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal output from the representative spectrum position extraction unit with respect to the image captured by the imaging unit. An overlay image generation unit that superimposes a marker having a size, generates an image on which the marker is superimposed, and outputs the generated image to the outside of the apparatus;
   Noise source visualization device comprising:
10. The said representative spectrum determination part is comprised so that the spectrum of the electric signal which the said circuit simulator outputs may be normalized and clustered, and the spectrum with the largest average power in the said cluster is output as a representative spectrum. Noise source visualization device.
11. The noise source according to claim 9, wherein the representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to dimensionally compress the number of discrete frequencies and convert the matrix into a square matrix with respect to a matrix in which representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. Visualization device.
12. The representative spectrum component calculation unit uses a singular value decomposition method to convert the number of discrete frequencies into a square matrix by dimensionally compressing the number of discrete frequencies for the matrix in which the representative spectra output from the representative spectrum determination unit are arranged. The noise source visualization apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the noise source visualization apparatus is configured to perform compression.
13. The noise source visualization according to claim 9, wherein the representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to perform dimensional compression on the power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer in the same manner as a dimensional compression method of a matrix in which representative spectra are arranged. apparatus.
14. The representative spectrum component calculation unit is configured to calculate simultaneous linear equations of a dimensionally compressed power spectrum and a dimensionally compressed representative spectrum matrix in order to calculate a representative spectrum component included in a power spectrum observed by the spectrum analyzer. The noise source visualization apparatus according to claim 9.
15. The overlay image generation unit has a length proportional to the magnitude of the component of the representative spectrum output from the representative spectrum component calculation unit, and is directed from the node on the circuit board having the representative spectrum toward the spectrum analyzer. The noise source visualization device according to claim 9, configured to draw a marker.
16. 10. The noise source visualization device according to claim 9, wherein the AR processing unit is configured to calculate a three-dimensional positional relationship by imaging an AR tag silk-printed on the electric circuit board by the imaging unit.
17. A noise source visualization program executed by a computer,
    A circuit simulation step of performing circuit simulation using circuit design data of the electric circuit board stored in the circuit design database, and outputting a transient characteristic of an electric signal of each electronic component constituting the electric circuit board;
    A representative spectrum determining step of selecting representative electrical signals having different frequency spectra among the electrical signals;
    A representative spectral component calculation step for outputting a component of a spectrum of the representative electric signal included in a spectrum of a surrounding electromagnetic field of the electric circuit board measured by a spectrum analyzer during operation of the electric circuit board;
    An AR processing step of outputting a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from an AR tag attached to the electric circuit board using an image of the electric circuit board imaged by the imaging unit;
    A representative spectral position extracting step of outputting a position of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the board design data of the electric circuit board stored in a PCB design database;
    The representative electrical signal has a size corresponding to a spectrum component, and a marker is drawn at a position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal so as to face the spectrum analyzer, Overlay image generation step of projecting as a two-dimensional image superimposed on the actual image of the imaging unit;
    A display step of displaying a two-dimensional image projected with the marker superimposed on the real image;
    A program for visualizing noise sources.
18. A circuit simulation step of performing circuit simulation using circuit design data of the electric circuit board stored in the circuit design database, and outputting a transient characteristic of an electric signal of each electronic component constituting the electric circuit board;
    A representative spectrum determining step of selecting representative electrical signals having different frequency spectra among the electrical signals;
    A representative spectrum component calculation step of outputting a component of the spectrum of the representative electric signal included in the spectrum of the electromagnetic field around the electric circuit board measured by the spectrum analyzer during the operation of the electric circuit board;
    An AR processing step of outputting a three-dimensional positional relationship of the electric circuit board from an AR tag attached to the electric circuit board using an image of the electric circuit board imaged by the imaging unit;
    A representative spectral position extracting step of outputting a position of the representative electric signal on the electric circuit board using the board design data of the electric circuit board stored in a PCB design database;
    The representative electrical signal has a size corresponding to a spectrum component, and a marker is drawn at a position on the electrical circuit board of the representative electrical signal so as to face the spectrum analyzer, Overlay image generation step of projecting as a two-dimensional image superimposed on the actual image of the imaging unit;
    A display step of displaying a two-dimensional image projected with the marker superimposed on the real image;
    Noise source visualization method including:

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