WO2014023459A1 - Sonde pour la détermination d'au moins une propriété d'un gaz de mesure dans un espace de gaz de mesure - Google Patents

Sonde pour la détermination d'au moins une propriété d'un gaz de mesure dans un espace de gaz de mesure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014023459A1
WO2014023459A1 PCT/EP2013/062024 EP2013062024W WO2014023459A1 WO 2014023459 A1 WO2014023459 A1 WO 2014023459A1 EP 2013062024 W EP2013062024 W EP 2013062024W WO 2014023459 A1 WO2014023459 A1 WO 2014023459A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
opening
sensor
protective tube
sensor element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/062024
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Rentschler
Christoph Peters
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2014023459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014023459A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4077—Means for protecting the electrolyte or the electrodes

Definitions

  • Determination of at least one property of a sample gas in a sample gas space known.
  • these may be any desired physical and / or chemical properties of the measurement gas, one or more of these
  • Gas component of the gas described in particular with reference to a detection of an oxygen content in the gas.
  • the oxygen content can be detected, for example, in the form of a partial pressure and / or in the form of a percentage. Alternatively or additionally, however, other properties of the gas are detectable, such as the temperature of the gas.
  • broadband lambda probes in particular with planar broadband lambda probes, it is possible, for example, to determine the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas over a large range and thus to deduce the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber. Alternatively, however, is also the training as
  • the air ratio ⁇ describes this air-fuel ratio.
  • Probe has a rotationally symmetrical structure with respect to the said longitudinal axis of extension. Furthermore, it is crucial that the Sensor element must be brought in direct contact with the sample gas. Therefore, in such sensors, a protective tube surrounding the sensor element always has suitable openings in order to allow passage of the measuring gas flowing around it.
  • Such sensors are subject to increasing functional requirements.
  • Operating temperature which is usually about 780 ° C, which can be achieved by a corresponding design of a heating element or a reduction of the area to be heated.
  • the other aspect relates to the robustness against thermal shock due to water hammer during operation.
  • the said thermal shock is based on the fact that for a certain period of time after engine start the temperature in the exhaust pipe is below the dew point for water, so that the combustion of
  • Fuel resulting water vapor can condense in the exhaust pipe. This causes the formation of drops of water in the exhaust pipe.
  • Lambda probe can be damaged or even destroyed by the impact of water droplets due to thermal stresses or breaks in the sensor ceramic. Therefore, lambda probes have been developed which have a porous ceramic protective or covering layer on their surface, which is also referred to as thermal shock protection layer or thermal shock protection (TSP). This protective layer ensures that on the
  • Lambda probe incident water droplets are distributed over a large area and thus the local temperature gradients occurring in the solid electrolyte or the probe ceramic can be reduced.
  • This lambda probes tolerate in the heated state so a certain drop size of condensation, without being damaged.
  • Below about 300 ° C the probe ceramic is thermoshock resistant due to its high strength.
  • a thermal shock protection layer at a temperature of 300 ° C to 450 ° C reduced by their limited permeability to the water access to the probe ceramic and limited in a temperature range above 450 ° C, the cooling by conduction.
  • the probe ceramic must not be in contact with the protective tube.
  • the thermal shock protective layers are usually applied by powder spraying on or around the probe ceramic or on an outer surface of the protective tube.
  • Thermal shock robustness This can increase the heating voltage requirement, increase the fast-light-off time, increase costs and lower the thermo-mechanical robustness.
  • the transfer function of the protective tube basically correlates with the aim of a small passage of drops with the size and the number of drops
  • Thermal shock protection layer to an increased risk of sooting and / or sooting.
  • the protection tube dynamics and thus the probe dynamics are reduced.
  • the flow In order for the protective tube to be able to cope with the dynamic requirement, the flow must be led into a recess in the probe housing, the so-called dynamic point. This will increase the degrees of freedom in the design of
  • Measuring gas proposed in a measuring gas space which can at least largely avoid the disadvantages of known sensors and in which by a combination of the design of the sensor element and the protective tube, the thermal shock robustness can be increased.
  • Sensor element may be configured such that a flow of the measuring gas entering through the opening passes over the sensor element at an angle of 0 ° to a maximum of 45 °.
  • the sensor can be a
  • the gas inlet hole has a distance from the opening in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis of extension of not more than 2.0 mm, preferably not more than 1, 5 mm and particularly preferably not more than 1, 0 mm.
  • a bore axis of the gas access hole may be parallel to a
  • the opening may be a first opening and the protective tube may have a second opening at a free end.
  • the protective tube may be a first protective tube, which is surrounded by a second protective tube, wherein the second protective tube has at least one third opening.
  • the third opening may be disposed in the second protection tube so that a flow direction of the measurement gas from the third opening in the second protection tube to the first opening in the first protection tube is substantially in anti-parallel to a flow direction from the first opening to the second opening in the first Protective tube is.
  • the flow of the measuring gas from the third opening in the second protective tube to the first opening in the first protective tube can in
  • a dimension from a gas side end of the gas side sensor portion to the second opening may be larger than a dimension around which the gas side sensor portion protrudes from a sensor housing of the sensor.
  • the gas-side sensor section may be at least partially surrounded by a thermal shock protection layer.
  • first In the context of the present invention, the terms “first”, “second” and “third” are used as a pure name, irrespective of whether there are further components mentioned in the respective context First opening and second opening no rating or weighting of the openings, but only serve to distinguish between them.
  • a gas access hole is to be understood as meaning a hole in the ceramic sensor element through which the measurement gas, for example exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, penetrates into the actual measurement space of the sensor element.
  • the gas inlet hole is part of a pumping cell and the actual measuring space is a diffusion gap of a Nernst concentration cell, as described in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • Axial diameter and the diameter of the opening in the same axial position can be used, wherein due to the respective
  • the invention also encompasses arrangements in which the axial position is merely intrinsic, in particular as regards the axial position
  • resulting flow guide is the same, for example, arrangements in which between the gas inlet hole and opening in the axial direction, an offset of not more than 3 mm or not more than 2 mm, in particular not more than 1 mm occurs.
  • essentially parallel in the context of the present invention means an alignment with a maximum deviation of 10 ° and preferably of not more than 5.degree ..
  • a protective tube in the context of the present invention is a tubular
  • the gas side is to be understood as an area which faces the measuring gas space and can be arranged in the measuring gas space.
  • a gas-side section of a component such as the gas-side sensor section, or a gas-side end section of a protective tube, is understood to mean a sensor section or end section of the protective tube which faces the measuring gas chamber and can be arranged in this or on this.
  • a solid electrolyte body is a body, in particular a sintered body with electrolytic properties, ie
  • a free end of a protective tube is to be understood as meaning an end which projects into the measuring gas space.
  • Sensor element protrudes from the sensor housing and into the interior of the protective tube.
  • the extension direction is parallel to a longest side of the
  • a layer is to be understood as a uniform mass in a planar extent at a certain height, which lies above, below or between other elements.
  • a functional layer is to be understood as meaning an element which is selected from the group consisting of: electrode, interconnect, diffusion barrier, diffusion gap, reference gas channel, heating element, Nernst cell and oxygen pumping cell.
  • these include those elements which fulfill the essential chemical and / or physical and / or electrical and / or electrochemical functions of a lambda probe.
  • a thermal shock protection layer is to be understood as meaning a layer which is set up to reduce the occurring local temperature gradients in the functional element or the probe ceramic, by
  • the sensor element is placed in the protection tube so that the exhaust gas flow is guided in parallel over the end-side gas access hole.
  • thermowells with the sensor housing, as by eliminating the dynamic puncture greater material thicknesses can be provided on the sensor housing in the region of the weld. Furthermore, the free-standing area of the sensor element is shorter, so that less thermal shock protection is necessary and a smaller heating element can be provided, or a heating element with a lower platinum content.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view along a longitudinal axis of a
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a measuring sensor 10 according to the invention.
  • the exemplary embodiment of a measuring sensor 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is configured by way of example as a lambda probe and in particular as a planar broadband lambda probe.
  • the lambda probe is used to control an air-fuel mixture of an internal combustion engine in order to be able to set a possible stoichiometric mixture by means of a measurement of the concentration of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, so that pollutant emissions are minimized by optimum combustion possible.
  • the measuring gas space may be an exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine.
  • This lambda probe is described below as an exemplary embodiment of a measuring sensor 10 for determining at least one physical and / or chemical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature or a proportion of a gas component, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • a measuring sensor 10 for determining at least one physical and / or chemical property of a measuring gas, in particular the temperature or a proportion of a gas component, in particular in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • the sensor 10 has a ceramic sensor element 12, which projects out of a sensor housing 16 with a gas-side sensor section 14 that can be exposed to the measurement gas.
  • the sensor element 12 has a solid electrolyte body and at least one functional layer.
  • the solid electrolyte body may in particular be a ceramic Be solid electrolyte body, which forms the sensor ceramic of the sensor element 12.
  • the one or more functional layers may be integrated in or attached to the probe ceramic.
  • an electrode and / or a heating element may be provided.
  • Double protective tube 18 includes an inner or first protective tube 20 and an outer or second protective tube 22.
  • a housing-side end portion 24 of the inner protective tube 20 is pushed onto an annular shoulder 26 of the sensor housing 16.
  • the housing-side end portion 24 of the inner protective tube 20 has a
  • a housing-side end portion 28 of the outer protective tube 28 is again seen in the longitudinal direction of the probe 10 on the housing-side end portion 24 of the inner protective tube 20 and thus, but indirectly, pushed onto the annular shoulder 26 of the sensor housing 16. Determining the
  • Double protection tube 18 on the sensor housing 16 is finally set a weld, which from the housing-side end portion 28 of the outer protective tube 22 through the underlying housing-side end portion 24 of the inner protective tube 20 into the sensor housing and in particular the annular shoulder 26 of the
  • the gas-side sensor section 14 protrudes into the inner protective tube 20.
  • the gas-side sensor section 14 has a gas inlet opening 36 on an end face 34 facing an interior of the inner protective tube 20. Through the gas inlet hole 36, measurement gas enters the actual measurement space of a Nernst concentration cell of the sensor element 12.
  • the inner protection tube 20 has a first opening 38. The opening 38 allows a contacting of the sensor element 12 with the
  • the first opening 38 and the gas inlet hole 36 are arranged substantially at the same axial position with respect to the longitudinal axis 32.
  • the mouth of the gas access hole 36 in the interior of the inner protective tube 20 is at the same axial position as a center
  • the edge region or outer peripheral region of the first opening 38 may be in the same axial position as an opening region of the gas access hole 36 in the interior of the inner protective tube 20.
  • the gas introduction hole 36 has a distance to the first opening 38 in the axial direction of the longitudinal extension axis 32 of the probe 10 of not more than 2.0 mm, preferably not more than 1.5 mm, and more preferably not more than 1.0 mm on, for example, a distance of 0.5 mm.
  • the first opening 38 is located closer to the measurement gas space than the gas inlet hole 36 by no more than this distance.
  • the gas introduction hole 36 includes a bore axis 42 that is substantially parallel to the gas inlet hole 36
  • the gas inlet hole 36 is disposed perpendicular to the first opening 38.
  • the first opening 38 is further arranged perpendicular to an extension direction of the sensor element 12.
  • the direction of extent of the sensor element 12 is a direction parallel to a longest side of the sensor element 12.
  • the first opening 38 and the sensor element 12 are configured such that a flow through the first opening 38 into the interior of the sensor element 12 inner protective tube 20 entering gas sweeps the end face 34 with the gas inlet hole 36 substantially parallel.
  • the gas inlet hole 36 and the sensor element 12 may be configured such that a flow of the sample gas entering through the first opening 38 into the interior of the inner protective tube 20 sweeps over the sensor element 12 at an angle of 0 ° to a maximum of 45 °.
  • the inner protective tube 20 also has at a free end 44, d. H. an end, which projects into the measuring gas space, a second opening 46.
  • the outer protective tube 22 has a third opening 48, which is located at an axial end 50 of the outer protective tube 22 facing the measuring gas chamber.
  • the second opening 46 in the inner protective tube 20 is thus arranged parallel to the third opening 48 at the axial end 50 of the outer protective tube 22.
  • a dimension of a gas side end, i. H. the end face 34, the gas-side sensor portion 14 to the second opening 46 is greater than a dimension to which the gas side
  • Sensor section 14 protrudes out of the sensor housing 16 and into the inner protective tube 20.
  • the gas-side sensor section 14 may be at least partially surrounded by a thermal shock protection layer. If the measuring sensor 10 is fixed in or on the measuring gas chamber, the measuring gas can pass through the third opening 48 in the outer protective tube into a gap between the outer protective tube 22 and the inner protective tube 20. For this
  • Gap can reach the sample gas through the first opening 38 into the interior of the inner protective tube 20. Furthermore, the measuring gas from the interior of the inner protective tube can enter the measuring gas space through the second opening 46 in the inner protective tube 20 again. As indicated by the arrow 42 is a

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une sonde (10) destinée à déterminer au moins une propriété d'un gaz de mesure dans un espace de gaz de mesure, en particulier la température ou une teneur en un composant gazeux, en particulier dans un gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne. La sonde (10) présente un élément capteur céramique (12) et au moins un tube de protection (20) qui entoure au moins partiellement un segment de capteur (14) côté gaz de l'élément capteur céramique (12). L'élément capteur céramique (12) est engagé dans le tube protecteur (20) par le segment de capteur (14) côté gaz qui peut être exposé au gaz de mesure et présente un trou d'entrée de gaz (36) sur un côté frontal (34) qui pointe vers un espace intérieur du tube de protection (20). Le tube de protection (20) présente au moins une ouverture (38) destinée à permettre au gaz de mesure de traverser l'espace intérieur du tube de protection (20). Le trou d'entrée de gaz (36) et l'ouverture (38) sont disposés sensiblement sur la même position axiale.
PCT/EP2013/062024 2012-08-10 2013-06-11 Sonde pour la détermination d'au moins une propriété d'un gaz de mesure dans un espace de gaz de mesure WO2014023459A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012214251.7A DE102012214251A1 (de) 2012-08-10 2012-08-10 Messfühler zur Bestimmung mindestens einer Eigenschaft eines Messgases in einem Messgasraum
DE102012214251.7 2012-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014023459A1 true WO2014023459A1 (fr) 2014-02-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/062024 WO2014023459A1 (fr) 2012-08-10 2013-06-11 Sonde pour la détermination d'au moins une propriété d'un gaz de mesure dans un espace de gaz de mesure

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Country Link
DE (1) DE102012214251A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014023459A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108351321A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2018-07-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 废气传感器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010047938A1 (en) * 1999-03-25 2001-12-06 Charles Scott Nelson Exhaust constituent sensor and method of packaging the same
EP1939615A2 (fr) * 2006-12-20 2008-07-02 Robert Bosch GmbH Capteur de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fabrication
DE102008001758A1 (de) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gassensor
EP2463648A2 (fr) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Capteur multigaz

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010047938A1 (en) * 1999-03-25 2001-12-06 Charles Scott Nelson Exhaust constituent sensor and method of packaging the same
EP1939615A2 (fr) * 2006-12-20 2008-07-02 Robert Bosch GmbH Capteur de gaz d'échappement et procédé de fabrication
DE102008001758A1 (de) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gassensor
EP2463648A2 (fr) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-13 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Capteur multigaz

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Sensoren im Kraftfahrzeug", 2010, pages: 160 - 165

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108351321A (zh) * 2015-11-16 2018-07-31 罗伯特·博世有限公司 废气传感器
CN108351321B (zh) * 2015-11-16 2021-03-26 罗伯特·博世有限公司 废气传感器

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Publication number Publication date
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