WO2014022922A1 - Casque pour mesures - Google Patents

Casque pour mesures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014022922A1
WO2014022922A1 PCT/CA2013/000708 CA2013000708W WO2014022922A1 WO 2014022922 A1 WO2014022922 A1 WO 2014022922A1 CA 2013000708 W CA2013000708 W CA 2013000708W WO 2014022922 A1 WO2014022922 A1 WO 2014022922A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
helmet
probe
tetrahedron
head
optode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2013/000708
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jocelyn Faubert
Claudine HABAK
Rafael Doti
Jesus-Eduardo Lugo-Arce
Original Assignee
Valorisation-Recherche, Limited Partnership
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valorisation-Recherche, Limited Partnership filed Critical Valorisation-Recherche, Limited Partnership
Publication of WO2014022922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014022922A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14553—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted for cerebral tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
    • A61B5/6803—Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles

Definitions

  • the present relates to helmets and more particularly to helmets for measurements.
  • Experiments involving the monitoring of the brain include disposing one or more probes (or sensors) onto the head of the patient.
  • Some of the probes used are optical sensors called optodes (also sometimes referred as 'optrodes') that can optically measures a level of oxygenation of the blood in the brain of the subject.
  • optodes also sometimes referred as 'optrodes'
  • the optodes deliver a laser light with a predetermined wavelength into the brain and receive a reflection of this laser dispersed light once it is bounced back from the brain.
  • the laser emitted from the one received one can deduce the level of oxygenation of the blood in that area.
  • the optodes are traditionally disposed onto the head of the subject by using an elastic strap in the shape of a head band.
  • Some of these optodes used in the experiments are fiber optic optodes.
  • the fiber optic optodes have a discrete number of tips at their contact surface with the skin of the subject and are often of little comfort.
  • the strap has to be tightened around the subject's head to increase contact of the optodes to the head. As a result the pointy tips dig into the skin of the subject.
  • alignment of the optodes is rather difficult and imprecise with the elastic strap.
  • the operator has to devote time to position the optodes correctly which increases the execution time of each experiment. Every time a new subject is selected for the experiment, the entire attachment has to be redone.
  • a soft cap similar to a swimming cap, is used instead of the strap.
  • the optodes are embedded in the soft cap.
  • the optode orientation with respect to the head of the patient is not very precise using this cap.
  • the cap often does not apply enough pressure onto the optodes. As a result, an impedance between the laser emissions and receptions is increased, and in turn an accuracy of the results is decreased.
  • a helmet for optical measurements comprises a helmet body.
  • the helmet body is one of rigid and semi-rigid.
  • the helmet body has an inside at least partially congruent with a shape of a head.
  • the helmet body has at least one aperture.
  • the helmet also comprises at least one probe connected to the helmet body.
  • the at least one probe is disposed within the at least one aperture.
  • the helmet further comprises a pressure assembly connected to the at least one probe and the helmet body. When the helmet is disposed onto a head, the pressure assembly presses the at least one probe toward the head.
  • the pressure assembly includes at least three strings connecting the at least one probe to the helmet body.
  • the at least one probe is removably connected to the helmet body.
  • the helmet includes at least one interface operatively connected to the at least one probe.
  • the at least one interface is adapted to be remotely operated by a computing unit.
  • the at least one aperture is disposed at a front of the helmet body.
  • the aperture reveals at least a portion of a forehead of the head.
  • the pressure assembly includes a bar having a first end connected to the at least one probe and a second end connected to the helmet.
  • the second end of the bar is connected to the helmet via the at least three strings.
  • at least three strings form one of a tetrahedron and a truncated tetrahedron.
  • the one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron creates an isostatic attachment of the at least one probe.
  • the one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron creates a force toward the at least one probe in a direction of the bar.
  • the at least one probe is disposed inside the at least one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron.
  • the at least one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron is a truncated rhombic disphenoid.
  • the at least one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron has a base. When the helmet is disposed onto the head, the at least one probe is disposed forward of the base.
  • the at least one of the tetrahedron and the truncated tetrahedron has a top.
  • the at least one probe is disposed rearward of the top.
  • the at least one probe is an optode.
  • Embodiments of the present can have at least one of the above-mentioned aspects, but do not necessarily have all of them.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an experiment set-up
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective exploded view taken from a right side of a helmet and a head of a subject for the experiment set-up of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 2B is the helmet of FIG. 2A shown on the head of the subject of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3 is a right side elevation view of the helmet and the head of the subject of FIG. 2B, with the subject shown without hair for clarity;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view taken from a right side of a right optode and of a portion of a pressure assembly of the helmet of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a close up view of the helmet and the head of the subject of FIG. 3 with lines superimposed onto strings of the pressure assembly of the helmet to show a pyramidal structure;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view taken from a right side of an alternative embodiment of a helmet for the experiment of FIG. 1.
  • an experiment set-up 5 includes a subject 14 wearing a measurement helmet 18, a display 10 disposed on a table 12, and a computing unit (not shown) operatively connected to the display 10.
  • the computing unit is a multipurpose computer programmed to run the experiment.
  • the subject 14 is seating up-right on a stool 16 in front of the display 10.
  • the display 10 is an interface is used to stimulate the brain of the subject 14 during the experiment. When the brain is stimulated (for example, when images are displayed onto the display 10 or when the subject 14 is being questioned), an oxygenation level of the blood in the brain is locally increased.
  • the experiment aims to detect changes in the oxygenation level of the blood in the brain.
  • the detection of the oxygenation level is achieved by a pair of optical sensors in the shape of left and right optodes 38 (shown in FIG. 2) secured to a head 24 of the subject 14 by the helmet 18.
  • the optodes 38 are operatively connected to the computing unit.
  • a bipolar cable 20 connects the helmet 18 to the computing unit.
  • the bipolar cable 20 also powers the optodes 38.
  • the computing unit could be programmed to run experiments other than the detecting of the oxygenation level of the blood. It is also contemplated that experiments other than optical experiments could be performed using the helmet 18 and the computing unit. In such cases the helmet 18 could have, instead or in addition to the optodes 38, one or more probes (or sensors) other than optical sensors.
  • the optodes 38 could be replaced by electrodes, thermal sensors, or pressure sensors so that experiments involving the recording of electric signals, thermic changes or pressure changes respectively, could be performed.
  • the computing unit could be remote from the display 10.
  • the computing unit could be a server located in a room different from the room where the display 10 and the subject 14 are.
  • the cable 20 could be omitted and that the helmet 18 could be powered by a battery.
  • the computing unit could be a portable device.
  • the computing unit could, for example, be a handheld tablet.
  • the subject 14 shown in FIG. 1 is a young woman. It is contemplated that the subject 14 could be a human other than a young woman. For example, the subject could be an older lady, a man, or a child. It is also contemplated that the subject 14 could be standing up during the experiment.
  • the helmet 18 is removably disposed onto a top 22 of the head 24 of the subject 14.
  • the subject 14 shown in FIGs. 2A and 2B is a young man, but as mentioned above, the subject 14 shown in FIGs. 2 A and 2B could be the young woman shown in FIG. 1.
  • the helmet 18 includes a helmet body 26.
  • An inside 28 of the helmet body 26 has a shape corresponding at least partially to a shape of the head 24 of the subject 14. It is contemplated that the inside 28 of the helmet body 26 could not have a shape corresponding at least partially to a shape of the head 24 of the subject 14 if the inside 28 of the helmet body 26 would be lined with a deformable material.
  • the helmet body 26 is rigid and is made of polyester. It is contemplated that the helmet body 26 could be made of a material other than polyester. For example, the helmet body 26 could be made of polyamide, reinforced plastic with fiber glass, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. In another example, the helmet body 26 is made of a rigid mesh material. The mesh material could be plastic. It is contemplated that the helmet body 26 could be semi- rigid. By semi-rigid, one should understand a material that allows some deformation but that stays in a definite shape once the deformation has been applied. It is also contemplated that a back of the helmet body 26 could not be rigid. For example the back of the helmet body 26 could be elastic so as to fit different shapes of heads.
  • the helmet body 26 is secured to the head 24 of the subject 14 by a chin strap (not shown). It is contemplated that the chin strap could be omitted.
  • the inside 28 of the helmet body 26 is covered with a lining 30 of elastomer.
  • the lining 30 of elastomer allows a more comfortable contact between the helmet body 26 and the head 24 of the subject 14, as it conforms to the shape of the head 24. It is contemplated that the lining 30 could be omitted. It is also contemplated that only a portion of the inside 28 of the helmet body 26 could be covered with the lining 30. For example, the lining 30 could consist only in a discrete number of pads. It is contemplated that the lining 30 could instead be of another type of rubber, or of polyurethane foam.
  • the helmet body 26 includes a left opening 32 and a right opening 34.
  • the left and right openings 32, 34 are disposed so that they reveal a forehead 23 of the subject 14, when the helmet 18 is disposed onto the subject 14.
  • the forehead 23 of the subject corresponds to a frontal region of a brain (not shown) of the subject 14.
  • the frontal region is the region used during the experiment to detect oxygenation of the blood.
  • the left and right openings 32, 34 start at a point forward of ears 13 (only a right one being shown) of the subject 14.
  • a size and shape of the left and right openings 32, 34 is related to a positioning of left and right optodes 38 (shown in FIG. 3).
  • the left and right openings 32, 34 are big enough to allow different positions of the optodes 38 on the forehead 23. Furthermore, the left and right openings 32, 34 are not bigger than a position of anchor points 42. The position of the anchor points 42 provide an isostatic attachment of the optodes 38 that will be described below. It is contemplated that the helmet body 26 could have only one or more than two openings. It is contemplated that the openings 32, 34 could start at a point vertically above of or rearward of the ears 13 of the subject 14. It is also contemplated that the openings 32, 34 could correspond to portions of the brain other than the forehead 23.
  • FIG. 3 a right hand side of the helmet 18 will be described.
  • a left hand side of the helmet 18 being a mirror image of the right hand side, the left hand side will not be described herein.
  • the helmet 18 described herein used left and right optodes 38, 40 it is contemplated that only the left or only the right optode 38 could be used.
  • the right side of the helmet 18 includes the right optode 38 disposed inside the right opening 34.
  • the right optode 38 is shown in FIG. 3 to be disposed in a middle of the right opening 34, it is contemplated that the right optode 38 could be disposed more toward the top 22 of the head 24 or more laterally of the head 24 depending on the experiment the helmet 18 is used for. It is also contemplated that more than one right optode 38 could be disposed in the right opening 34.
  • the right optode 38 will be described below.
  • the right optode 38 is connected to the helmet body 26 by three elastic strings 40.
  • Three anchor points 42 connect the strings 40 to the helmet body 26.
  • the anchor points 42 allow to adjust a length of the strings 40 so as to adjust a pressure of the right optode 38 onto the forehead 23 of the subject 14. The tighter the strings 40 are, the greater the pressure onto the forehead of the subject 14 is.
  • By applying pressure onto the right optode 38 a thickness of a skin of the forehead 23 is locally reduced, which in turn reduces an impedance of the skin and facilitates an optic transmission therethrough. Adjustment of the pressure is done manually by pulling onto the strings 40 and tightening them individually around their corresponding anchor points 42. It is contemplated that the adjustment of the pressure could not be done manually.
  • the strings 40 are made of an elastic material. It is contemplated that the strings 40 could be rigid. It is contemplated that more than three strings 40 (and therefore more than three anchor points 42) could be needed to connect the right optode 38 to the helmet body 26. It is also contemplated that the anchor points 42 could be omitted.
  • the left optode is identical to the right optode 38.
  • the optode 38 is a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) optode.
  • the optode 38 is a round patch of made of a semi-rigid elastomer material and is to be in contact with the forehead 23 of the subject 14 when in operation.
  • the optode 38 has a diameter of 40 mm (1.57 inch). It is contemplated that the optode 38 could not be round. For example, the optode 38 could be square. It is contemplated that the optode 38 could be bigger or smaller than described herein.
  • the optode 38 includes a plurality of tips (not shown) embedded in a contact surface 46 of the optode 38.
  • the tips are disposed so that they contact with the skin of the subject 14. It is contemplated that a foam or a gel could be added to the contact surface 46 for a greater comfort of the subject with non or minimal addition of impedance.
  • the tips include a laser and/or a PIN diode (both not shown).
  • the laser functions as an emitter, and the ⁇ diode functions as a receptor.
  • the PIN diode receives the dispersed light from the brain.
  • the laser diode generated light in a predetermined narrow wavelength band i.e. pure color
  • the optode 38 includes a controller (not shown) which is operatively connected to the tips 44 and which executes commands from the computing unit.
  • a transducer 48 converts electric signals corresponding to a command from the computing unit into wavelength to be emitted by the tips 44 into the skin, and conversely converts wavelength emitted from the skin and detected by the tips 44 into an electric signal.
  • the optode 38 is operatively connected to an infrared interface 50.
  • the infrared interface 50 converts infrared signals sent by the computing unit into electrical signals toward the transducer 48 of the optode 38, and converts electrical signals received from the transducer 48 of the optode 38 into infrared signals toward the computing unit.
  • the wireless communicating between the computing unit and the helmet 18 could be achieved by way other than infrared signals.
  • radio frequency could be used.
  • the infrared interface 50 would be omitted should the helmet 18 be connected to an optic fiber bundle directly.
  • the optode 38 would further includes an optical multiplexer. The multiplexer would isolate information from the tips 44, as they both can be used as emitter and receptors. With the infrared interface 50, a control of the optical multiplexer is done by the computing unit.
  • the pressure assembly 51 includes a control bar 52 glued to the optode 38 and the three strings 40. It is contemplated that the control bar 52 could not be glued to the optode 38. For example, a monolithic structure could connect the control bar 52 to the optode 38.
  • the control bar 52 extends perpendicularly from a face of the optode 38 opposite to the contact surface 46. It is contemplated that the control bar 52 could be at an angle with the optode 38 other than 90 degrees. For example the control bar 52 could be at 80 degrees with the optode 38.
  • the control bar 52 is rigid and enables application of the pressure by the strings 40 onto the optode 38.
  • the control bar 52 has a conical shape with a base 54 at the optode 38 and a top 56 away from the optode 38.
  • the control bar 52 is 60 mm (2.36 inches) long and has a diameter of 15 mm (0.59 inches) at the base 54 and 5 mm (0.19inch) at the top 56. It is contemplated that the control bar 52 could not be conical shaped. For example, the control bar 52 could be pyramidal.
  • the control bar 52 is made of metal and has electric wires running therethrough to enable electric communication between the infrared interface 50 and the transducer 48 the optode 38. It is contemplated that the control bar 52 could be made of plastic or aluminum. It is also contemplated that the control bar 52 could be hollow.
  • control bar 52 could be more or less than 60 mm long and have a diameter more or less than 15 mm at the base 54 and 5 mm at the top 56.
  • the base 54 of the control bar 52 could have the same diameter as the one of the optode 38. It is also contemplated that the control bar 52 could be omitted.
  • an alternative embodiment of the pressure assembly 51 ' on the helmet 18 includes the strings 40 directly connected to the left and right optodes 38 and no control bar.
  • Three attachment points 58 are located at the top 56 of the control bar 52.
  • the attachment points 58 receive ends of each of the strings 40.
  • each of the strings 40 is fixed to the attachment points 58. It is contemplated, however, that the ends of each of the strings 40 could be removable from the attachment points 58.
  • a position of the strings 40 of the pressure assembly 51 is chosen so as to provide and isostatic attachment of the optode 38.
  • a resulting force illustrated by arrow 60
  • a direct pressure in the direction of the control bar 52 is established onto the optode 38 via the control bar 52.
  • a pressure of about 1 bar can be thus obtained.
  • the strings 40 are attached to the helmet body 26 so as to form a truncated rhombic disphenoid 62.
  • the truncated rhombic disphenoid 62 is a particular tetrahedron.
  • the truncated rhombic disphenoid 62 has a triangular base 64.
  • the truncated pyramid 62 thus contains the optode 38, i.e. the base 64 is disposed rearward of the optode 38, and a top 66 of the truncated rhombic disphenoid 62 is disposed forward of the optode 38.
  • the rhombic disphenoid 62 could not be truncated.
  • the rhombic disphenoid 62 could be a tetrahedron of another shape. It is also contemplated that would not be a tetrahedron should there be more than three strings 40. It is also contemplated that a pressure less or more than 1 bar could be achieved by the pressure assembly 51.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un casque, pour des mesures optiques, qui comporte un corps de casque. Le corps de casque est rigide ou semi-rigide. Le corps de casque présente un volume intérieur au moins partiellement semblable à la forme d'une tête. Le corps de casque possède au moins une ouverture. Au moins une sonde est reliée au corps de casque. La ou les sondes sont disposées dans la ou les ouvertures. Un ensemble pression est relié à la ou aux sondes et au corps de casque. Lorsque le casque est disposé sur une tête, l'ensemble pression presse la ou les sondes vers la tête.
PCT/CA2013/000708 2012-08-10 2013-08-08 Casque pour mesures WO2014022922A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261682038P 2012-08-10 2012-08-10
US61/682,038 2012-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014022922A1 true WO2014022922A1 (fr) 2014-02-13

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ID=50067329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2013/000708 WO2014022922A1 (fr) 2012-08-10 2013-08-08 Casque pour mesures

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WO (1) WO2014022922A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2899089A1 (fr) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-05 Univ Picardie Jules Verne Etab Dispositif de capteurs des signaux de l'activite cerebrale
US20080306365A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2008-12-11 Bunce Scott C Deception detection and query methodology for determining deception via neuroimaging
US20110046491A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2011-02-24 Diamond Solomon G System, Optode And Cap For Near-Infrared Diffuse-Optical Function Neuroimaging
WO2012051617A2 (fr) * 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Système et procédé de casque de positionnement d'optodes et d'électrodes pour l'électroencéphalographie, l'imagerie optique diffuse, et la neuroimagerie fonctionnelle
WO2012156643A1 (fr) * 2011-05-19 2012-11-22 Université de Picardie Jules Verne Dispositif pour la mesure des signaux de l'activite cerebrale
WO2013126798A2 (fr) * 2012-02-23 2013-08-29 Bio-Signal Group Corp. Systèmes et procédés de casque eeg multi-canal protégé
WO2013124366A1 (fr) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-29 James Roche Système d'électrodes d'électroencéphalogramme
US20130231545A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2013-09-05 Persyst Development Corporation Method And Device For Quick Press On EEG Electrode

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080306365A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2008-12-11 Bunce Scott C Deception detection and query methodology for determining deception via neuroimaging
FR2899089A1 (fr) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-05 Univ Picardie Jules Verne Etab Dispositif de capteurs des signaux de l'activite cerebrale
US20130231545A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2013-09-05 Persyst Development Corporation Method And Device For Quick Press On EEG Electrode
US20110046491A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2011-02-24 Diamond Solomon G System, Optode And Cap For Near-Infrared Diffuse-Optical Function Neuroimaging
WO2012051617A2 (fr) * 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Système et procédé de casque de positionnement d'optodes et d'électrodes pour l'électroencéphalographie, l'imagerie optique diffuse, et la neuroimagerie fonctionnelle
WO2012156643A1 (fr) * 2011-05-19 2012-11-22 Université de Picardie Jules Verne Dispositif pour la mesure des signaux de l'activite cerebrale
WO2013124366A1 (fr) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-29 James Roche Système d'électrodes d'électroencéphalogramme
WO2013126798A2 (fr) * 2012-02-23 2013-08-29 Bio-Signal Group Corp. Systèmes et procédés de casque eeg multi-canal protégé

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